Syrphidae
Guides
Allograpta obliqua
oblique streaktail
Allograpta obliqua is a common North American hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae. Adults are small, measuring 6–7 mm, with distinctive yellow thoracic stripes and abdominal banding. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in eye structure: males have holoptic eyes while females have dichoptic eyes. Larvae are aphid predators, reaching 8–9 mm in length with a bumpy, slug-like appearance. The species is active year-round in southern portions of its range and has been documented across much of the continental United States, southern Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, the West Indies, and parts of the Neotropical Americas.
Allograpta radiata
Y-shaped Streaktail
Allograpta radiata is a species of syrphid fly (family Syrphidae), commonly known as the Y-shaped Streaktail. Like other members of the genus Allograpta, it is a small flower fly that likely contributes to pollination as an adult and may have predatory larvae. The species has been recorded in Hawaii and the United States, though specific ecological details remain limited in published sources.
Anasimyia
swamp flies
Anasimyia is a genus of wetland hoverflies (Syrphidae) characterized by aquatic larval development. The genus was historically treated as a subgenus of Lejops but has been elevated to full generic status based on morphological and molecular evidence. Adults are associated with marshy and aquatic habitats. The genus includes approximately 20 described species distributed primarily across the Holarctic region.
Anasimyia chrysostoma
Lump-legged Swamp Fly
Anasimyia chrysostoma, commonly known as the lump-legged swamp fly, is a syrphid fly species distributed across the United States and Canada. Adults are flower visitors that feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae are aquatic and possess the characteristic rat-tailed morphology typical of the genus Anasimyia. The species is considered fairly common and has been documented in 355 observations on iNaturalist.
Anasimyia perfidiosus
Treacherous Swamp Fly
Anasimyia perfidiosus is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) found in North America. It was originally described in the genus Lejops and is still sometimes referenced by that synonym. The species is known by the common name Treacherous Swamp Fly. It belongs to the subfamily Eristalinae, a group of syrphid flies often associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats.
Blera
Wood Flies
Blera is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) established by Billberg in 1820. The genus is primarily North American in distribution, with approximately three European species. One species, Blera fallax (pine hoverfly), has been the subject of conservation translocation efforts in Britain since 2018. A fossil species, Blera miocenica, has been described from Early Miocene deposits in the Czech Republic, representing the first known fossil record of the genus.
Blera confusa
Confusing Wood Fly
Blera confusa, commonly known as the Confusing Wood Fly, is a syrphid fly species first described by Johnson in 1913. Adults are flower visitors that feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae are of the rat-tailed type, developing in exuding sap or rot holes of trees. The species is widely distributed across eastern and central North America.
Blera humeralis
Yellow-legged Wood Fly
Blera humeralis, commonly known as the yellow-legged wood fly, is a Nearctic species of hoverfly (Syrphidae) described by Samuel Wendell Williston in 1882. Adults are flower visitors that feed on nectar and pollen. The species is notable for its distinctive yellow and black coloration and rat-tailed larvae that develop in tree rot holes and sap flows. It is considered uncommon and has a restricted coastal distribution in western North America.
Blera nigra
Golden-haired Wood Fly
Blera nigra, commonly known as the golden-haired wood fly, is a Nearctic syrphid fly species first described by Williston in 1887. Adults are flower-visiting hoverflies that feed on nectar and pollen. The species exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism in facial coloration and antennal structure. Larvae are of the rat-tailed type, developing in tree rot holes or exuding sap.
Blera pictipes
Painted Wood Fly
Blera pictipes is a rare syrphid fly (family Syrphidae) distributed across the eastern and central United States. Adults are medium-sized hoverflies with distinctive yellow and black abdominal markings and yellow-banded legs. The species exhibits rat-tailed larval morphology typical of related genera, with larvae developing in rot holes and on exuding sap of trees. First described by Bigot in 1884, it remains infrequently encountered despite its relatively broad geographic range.
Blera robusta
Greenish Wood Fly
A rare Nearctic syrphid fly first described by Curran in 1922. Adults are known as flower flies, feeding on nectar and pollen. Larvae are rat-tailed type, developing in exuding sap or rot holes of trees. The species is considered uncommon throughout its range.
Blerina
Blerina is a subtribe of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) established by Mutin in 1999. It comprises six genera: Blera, Caliprobola, Cynorhinella, Lejota, Philippimyia, and Somula. These hoverflies belong to the diverse family of flower flies, many of which are important pollinators. The subtribe represents a distinct lineage within the Syrphidae, though detailed biological and ecological information remains limited in the available literature.
Brachyopa notata
Black-banded Sapeater
Brachyopa notata is a rare species of syrphid fly (hoverfly) found in northeastern North America. Adults are flower-visiting insects that obtain nectar and pollen from flowers. The species is poorly documented, with only 25 observations recorded on iNaturalist. Larval development remains undescribed for this species, though related members of the genus Brachyopa possess rat-tailed larvae adapted to aquatic or semi-aquatic environments.
Brachyopini
Chrysogastrini
Brachyopini is a tribe of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae. The tribe contains approximately 20 genera divided into two subtribes: Brachyopina and Spheginina. Members are generally darker and less colorful than many other hoverflies, though some genera such as Chrysogaster exhibit metallic luster. The tribe has been recorded across Europe including the Iberian Peninsula and Ukraine, with new species continuing to be described.
Brachypalpus
Brachypalpus is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae. The genus contains multiple species, including at least one undescribed species awaiting formal taxonomic description. Species in this genus are typically associated with decaying wood and forest habitats. The undescribed status indicates ongoing taxonomic research is needed to fully characterize and name this particular lineage.
Brachypalpus
Catkin Flies
Brachypalpus is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) commonly known as catkin flies. Adults are distinguished by their triangular head that projects forward and downward, and males possess a spur on the hind trochanter. The genus comprises approximately 15 described species distributed primarily across the Holarctic region. Larvae develop in decaying wood and sap flows under tree bark.
Brachypalpus undescribed-b
Brachypalpus undescribed-b is an undescribed species within the hoverfly genus Brachypalpus (family Syrphidae). The genus Brachypalpus comprises medium-sized, often hairy hoverflies with larvae that develop in decaying wood and sap flows. This particular taxon is recognized from specimens that have been collected but not yet formally described in the scientific literature, indicating it represents a distinct morphological entity awaiting taxonomic treatment. As with other members of the genus, it is presumed to be associated with woodland habitats and saproxylic (dead wood-dependent) ecological systems.
Callicerini
Callicerini is a small tribe of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) within the subfamily Eristalinae. It contains two genera: Callicera and Notiocheilosia. Members of this tribe are characterized by distinctive morphological features, particularly in the antennae and facial structure. The tribe was established by Camillo Rondani in 1856.
Ceriana
Ceriana is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae. All species are wasp mimics, exhibiting coloration and body form that resembles yellowjackets and paper wasps. Members of this genus are pollinators that visit flowers and are characterized by their hovering flight behavior. The genus was established by Rafinesque in 1815.
Chalcosyrphus
Leafwalkers
Chalcosyrphus is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae, commonly known as leafwalkers. Species are notable for mimicking sawflies and other hymenopterans, often displaying bright or metallic coloration. Adults are structurally and behaviorally similar to the related genus Xylota but differ in larval morphology. The genus occurs across Europe, Asia, and North America, with larvae being saproxylic feeders in rotten wood.
Chalcosyrphus chalybeus
violet leafwalker
Chalcosyrphus chalybeus, commonly known as the violet leafwalker, is a species of syrphid fly (flower fly) found in the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Adults are characterized by their all-black coloration with a distinctive steely blue or violet metallic sheen. Unlike many syrphid flies, this species shows a strong association with dead wood rather than flowers. The larvae develop in decaying wood as saprophages, while adults are known to visit flowers for nectar and pollen. Males possess holoptic (contiguous) eyes, a trait unusual among syrphid flies.
Chalcosyrphus curvarius
Chalcosyrphus curvarius is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, tribe Xylotini. Members of this genus are typically associated with decaying wood habitats. The larvae develop in rotting wood and fermenting sap, functioning as saprophages rather than predators. Adults are characterized by their wasp-mimicking appearance and modified hind legs, though specific details for C. curvarius remain limited in available sources.
Chalcosyrphus inarmatus
Yellow-haired Leafwalker
Chalcosyrphus inarmatus, commonly known as the yellow-haired leafwalker, is an uncommon species of syrphid fly distributed across northern North America. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are typically associated with decaying wood rather than the aphid predation common to many hover flies. Adults are flower visitors that obtain nectar and pollen from floral resources.
Chalcosyrphus libo
Long-haired Leafwalker
Chalcosyrphus libo is an uncommon species of syrphid fly known by the common name Long-haired Leafwalker. It is characterized by an all-black body without the steel blue highlights seen in related species or the red abdominal markings present in congeners. The species exhibits notably enlarged and ventrally spinose metafemora with correspondingly curved tibiae, features whose function remains unclear but may relate to substrate interaction on woody surfaces. Adults are associated with dead and decaying wood, where females oviposit and larvae develop as saprophages. The species has been observed in north-central North America.
Chalcosyrphus satanicus
Chalcosyrphus satanicus is a hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae, first described by Bigot in 1884. Like other members of the genus Chalcosyrphus, this species exhibits morphological adaptations associated with dead wood habitats. The specific epithet "satanicus" places it among a small group of insects with devil-themed scientific names. The species occurs in North America, with records from Canada and the United States.
Cheilosia grossa
Large Bulb Fly, Foxy Bulb Fly
A large, robust hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae, widespread across Europe. Adults are active in early spring, visiting willow catkins and other early-flowering plants. The species is notable for its phytophagous larvae that tunnel within thistle stems and roots, causing characteristic plant damage. Males exhibit distinctive hovering behavior at head height, occasionally forming loose swarms.
Cheilosiina
Cheilosiina is a subtribe of hoverflies within the family Syrphidae. Members are small to medium-sized flies with distinctive facial and thoracic morphology. The group is taxonomically defined by specific cranial and mouthpart structures rather than conspicuous external features. Many species are associated with decaying organic matter and fungal habitats.
Chrysogaster
Low-horned Wrinkleheads
Chrysogaster is a genus of small hoverflies in the subfamily Eristalinae. Adults are dark or black with shiny colorful reflections and visit flowers in damp marshy areas. The aquatic larvae possess a short posterior breathing siphon, shorter than that of related genera such as Eristalis. Several related genera—Melanogaster, Orthonevra, Lejogaster, and Riponnensia—were formerly classified within Chrysogaster.
Chrysogaster antitheus
Short-haired Wrinkle Fly, Short-haired Wrinklehead
Chrysogaster antitheus is a small syrphid fly (7–8 mm) found in North America, commonly known as the Short-haired Wrinkle Fly. Adults are flower visitors that feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae are aquatic "rat-tailed" maggots with a short respiratory siphon, inhabiting pond edges and emergent vegetation.
Chrysosyrphus frontosus
Chrysosyrphus frontosus is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, subfamily Eristalinae, and tribe Brachyopini. The species was described by Bigot in 1884. It belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized syrphid flies. Published information on its biology and ecology remains limited.
Chrysosyrphus versipellis
Chrysosyrphus versipellis is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) in the tribe Callicerini. Members of this genus are known for their metallic coloration and distinctive facial ornamentation. The species is associated with forested habitats and has been recorded in the Palearctic region.
Chrysotoxum chinook
Chinook Meadow Fly
Chrysotoxum chinook is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Shannon in 1926. The common name "Chinook Meadow Fly" suggests a potential association with meadow habitats. As a member of the genus Chrysotoxum, it belongs to a group of syrphid flies often characterized by distinctive yellow and black coloration. Beyond taxonomic classification and nomenclature, specific biological details about this species remain poorly documented in available sources.
Chrysotoxum derivatum
Narrow-banded Meadow Fly
Chrysotoxum derivatum is a North American hoverfly (family Syrphidae) first described by Francis Walker in 1849. The species is commonly known as the Narrow-banded Meadow Fly. It is a relatively large hoverfly, measuring 8.9–16.2 mm in length. The species occurs across a broad geographic range from southern Alaska through Canada and the United States to Mexico.
Copestylum apiciferum
Copestylum apiciferum is a species of syrphid fly in the hoverfly family Syrphidae. It belongs to a diverse genus of neotropical and nearctic flower-visiting flies commonly known as bromeliad flies. The species has been documented in 541 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is relatively well-observed among syrphid enthusiasts. As with other members of its genus, adults likely visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Copestylum caudatum
hairy-horned bromeliad fly
Copestylum caudatum is a syrphid fly endemic to central western North America. The common name "hairy-horned bromeliad fly" suggests an association with bromeliad plants, a trait shared with other members of the genus Copestylum. As a hoverfly, it likely contributes to pollination services in its native range. The species was described by Charles Howard Curran in 1927.
Copestylum comstocki
Comstock's Bromeliad Fly
Copestylum comstocki, commonly known as Comstock's bromeliad fly, is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. The species is native to south-central North America. As a member of the genus Copestylum, it is associated with bromeliad plants, which serve as breeding sites. The larvae develop in the water-holding leaf axils of bromeliads, a habitat specialization characteristic of this genus. Adult flies are likely flower visitors like other syrphid species, though specific floral associations remain poorly documented.
Copestylum florida
Florida bromeliad fly
Copestylum florida is a syrphid fly species commonly known as the Florida bromeliad fly. It belongs to the genus Copestylum, a group of flies associated with bromeliad plants. The species has been documented in Florida and the Carolinas.
Copestylum fraudulentum
Copestylum fraudulentum is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. It belongs to a genus of bromeliad-associated flies primarily found in the Americas. The species was described by Samuel Wendell Williston in 1891. Like other members of Copestylum, adults are likely associated with flowers and may exhibit mimicry of bees or wasps, a common trait in the Syrphidae family. The larvae of related species are known to develop in bromeliad phytotelmata, though specific larval biology for C. fraudulentum has not been documented.
Copestylum haagii
Haag's bromeliad fly
Copestylum haagii, commonly known as Haag's bromeliad fly, is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. It is found in western North America. The species is associated with bromeliad plants, as indicated by its common name. Adults are flower visitors.
Copestylum isabellina
Isabelle's bromeliad fly
Copestylum isabellina, commonly known as Isabelle's bromeliad fly, is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae. The species has been documented in southwestern North America. As a member of the genus Copestylum, it belongs to a group commonly referred to as bromeliad flies, which are typically associated with bromeliad plants. The species is known from 784 iNaturalist observations, indicating it is moderately well-documented by citizen scientists.
Copestylum macrocephalum
Copestylum macrocephalum is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae. It has been documented from the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, specifically from California, Arizona, and Baja California. As a member of the hoverfly family, it likely participates in pollination services, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Copestylum marginatum
Syrphid fly
Copestylum marginatum is a species of syrphid fly (hoverfly) in the family Syrphidae. It has been documented in Southwestern North America, with over 3,500 observations recorded on iNaturalist. As a member of the diverse syrphid family, it likely participates in pollination services, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Copestylum mexicanum
Mexican Cactus Fly
Copestylum mexicanum, commonly known as the Mexican cactus fly, is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae. The species is documented in the southwestern United States, with observations spanning multiple states including Oklahoma, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. Adults have been observed visiting flowers, particularly those of pricklypear cacti (Opuntia species) and other desert flora. The species is part of a diverse assemblage of flower-visiting insects in arid and semi-arid habitats.
Copestylum opalescens
Opalescent Bromeliad Fly
Copestylum opalescens is a syrphid fly species in the tribe Volucellini, commonly known as the Opalescent Bromeliad Fly. It is one of approximately 50 species in the genus Copestylum, a group of New World flower flies predominantly associated with bromeliad microhabitats. The species was originally described by Townsend in 1901 under the genus Volucella. Like other Copestylum species, adults are likely flower visitors, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Copestylum opinator
Copestylum opinator is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Williston in 1891. The species belongs to a genus whose members are commonly known as bromeliad flies, with some species exhibiting specialized associations with bromeliad plants. As with many Copestylum species, adults likely visit flowers for nectar and pollen. The species has been documented through limited observations, with 25 records on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Copestylum posticum
Copestylum posticum is a syrphid fly (family Syrphidae) described by Thomas Say in 1829. The species is documented from 39 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is recognized in field records though detailed biological information appears limited in publicly available sources. As a member of the genus Copestylum, it belongs to a group of hoverflies commonly known as bromeliad flies, with many species in this genus exhibiting associations with bromeliad plants. The specific epithet 'posticum' (Latin for 'posterior' or 'behind') may refer to a morphological feature, though this is not confirmed in available sources.
Copestylum tricinctum
Copestylum tricinctum is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, tribe Copestylini. The genus Copestylum contains approximately 60 species distributed primarily in the New World, with many species associated with flowers and rotting organic matter. The specific epithet 'tricinctum' refers to three bands or rings, likely describing abdominal patterning. This species is poorly documented in the literature, with limited published information on its biology and ecology.
Copestylum violaceum
purple bromeliad fly
Copestylum violaceum, commonly known as the purple bromeliad fly, is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae. The species is associated with bromeliad plants, as indicated by its common name. It belongs to a diverse genus of hoverflies found primarily in the Americas. The species was first described by Thomas Say in 1829.
Criorhina
Bumble Flies
Criorhina is a genus of medium to large hoverflies (Syrphidae) that exhibit Batesian mimicry of bumblebees. The genus is characterized by a flattened, broad head and distinctive antennal placement on a prominent conical frontal process. Larvae develop in rot holes and decaying hardwoods. Several species show pronounced geographical variation in abdominal colour patterns, with morphological differences correlated with the distribution of their hymenopteran models.
Criorhina aurea
Criorhina aurea is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Lovett in 1919. It belongs to the tribe Milesiini within the subfamily Eristalinae. The species is known from North America, with records from Canada and the United States. As with other members of the genus Criorhina, it likely exhibits bumblebee mimicry, a common trait among hoverflies in this group.
Criorhina coquilletti
Coquillett's Bumble Fly
Criorhina coquilletti is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) known as Coquillett's Bumble Fly. The genus Criorhina belongs to the tribe Milesiini within the subfamily Eristalinae. Hoverflies in this genus are recognized for their bumble bee mimicry, a form of Batesian mimicry that provides protection from predators. The species was described by Samuel Wendell Williston in 1892.
Criorhina fusca
Dusky Yellowjacket Fly
Criorhina fusca is a hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae, described by Weisman in 1964. It is known from the United States. The species belongs to a genus whose members are notable for their mimicry of yellowjacket wasps (Vespula spp.), a form of Batesian mimicry that provides protection from predators. As with other Criorhina species, adults are likely pollinators that visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Criorhina nasica
Black-backed Yellowjacket Fly
Criorhina nasica is a hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae, first described from North America in 1908. The species is known from limited observations and appears to be uncommon or underreported. It belongs to a genus characterized by bumble bee-mimicry, though specific morphological details for this species remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
Criorhina occidentalis
Western Yellowjacket Fly
Criorhina occidentalis is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Western Yellowjacket Fly. It belongs to a genus of hoverflies that exhibit mimicry of stinging insects such as wasps and hornets. The species is found in North America, with records from Canada and the United States. As a member of the Syrphidae family, adults likely visit flowers for nectar and pollen, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Criorhina tricolor
Tricoloured Bumblefly
Criorhina tricolor is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Tricoloured Bumblefly. It is a bumble bee mimic, resembling species in the genus Bombus. The species was described by Coquillett in 1900 and is found in North America.
Criorhina verbosa
Hairy-cheeked Bumble Fly
Criorhina verbosa is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) commonly known as the Hairy-cheeked Bumble Fly. It belongs to the tribe Milesiini and is part of a genus whose members are notable bumblebee mimics. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1849 under the basionym Milesia verbosa.
Criorhina villosa
Winter Bumblefly
Criorhina villosa, commonly known as the winter bumblefly, is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. It was formerly placed in its own genus, Merapioidus, before being reclassified into Criorhina. The species name has been subject to taxonomic confusion with a related Mexican species originally described as Romaleosyrphus villosus in 1882; as both species now share the genus Criorhina, the older name from 1879 takes precedence.
Dasysyrphus
Dasysyrphus is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) comprising approximately 50 described species distributed worldwide. The genus is relatively straightforward to identify, though species-level differentiation requires careful examination and should not rely solely on images. Adults are medium-sized with distinctive morphological features including hairy eyes and microtrichose wings. Larvae are primarily arboreal, feeding nocturnally on aphids and other small Hemiptera.
Dasysyrphus intrudens
intrudens complex
Dasysyrphus intrudens is a species complex of hover flies (family Syrphidae) distributed across the Holarctic realm, including North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. The name currently encompasses multiple cryptic species that have not yet been formally delineated. Adults are frequently observed, but larvae remain undescribed as of 2012, possibly due to nocturnal habits.
Dasysyrphus occidualis
Western Brusheye
Dasysyrphus occidualis is a hoverfly species described in 2013, distinguished as a western North American representative of the Dasysyrphus genus. The common name "Western Brusheye" references its geographic position relative to other members of this group. As with other Dasysyrphus species, it belongs to a genus characterized by distinctive eye and facial setation patterns. The species remains poorly known due to its recent description and limited observational records.
Dasysyrphus pacificus
Dasysyrphus pacificus is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) originally described from the Pacific Northwest region of North America. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Dasysyrphus pauxillus. Hoverflies in this genus are commonly known as 'flower flies' due to their frequent presence at flowers, where adults feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae of Dasysyrphus species are predatory, typically feeding on aphids and other small soft-bodied insects.
Dasysyrphus pauxillus
Lesser Brusheye
Dasysyrphus pauxillus is a small hoverfly species found in both North America and Europe. It belongs to the genus Dasysyrphus, a group characterized by their distinctive thoracic pile patterns. The species was first described by Williston in 1887. It is known by the common name Lesser Brusheye.
Dioprosopa
drone flies
Dioprosopa is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) in the tribe Syrphini, containing two described species found in the New World. The genus was elevated from subgenus rank in 2018 based on phylogenetic studies. Both species occur in tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, where they contribute to ecosystem services through adult pollination and larval predation on agricultural pests.
Dioprosopa clavata
Four-speckled Hover Fly
Dioprosopa clavata is a Neotropical hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) and the type species of genus Dioprosopa. Adults feed on nectar and pollen, while larvae are aphidophagous predators that also attack spittlebugs and other hemipteran pests. The species provides dual ecosystem services as both a pollinator and biological control agent in natural habitats and agroecosystems, including citrus orchards. Climate change projections indicate substantial habitat loss by 2100, with range contractions in tropical lowlands and modest shifts toward cooler, higher-elevation refugia.
Diplazontinae
Hover Fly Parasitoid Wasps
Diplazontinae is a subfamily of ichneumonid wasps comprising approximately 19 genera, with highest diversity in the Holarctic region. Members are specialized koinobiont endoparasitoids of hover flies (Syrphidae), with oviposition into host eggs or larvae and emergence from the puparium. The subfamily exhibits distinctive morphological features including three-toothed mandibles and a box-like first abdominal tergite. Several genera have undergone recent taxonomic revision, with Syrphoctonus split into multiple genera to restore monophyly.
Doros aequalis
Canadian Potter Fly
Doros aequalis is a species of syrphid fly commonly known as the Canadian Potter Fly. It belongs to the family Syrphidae, a diverse group of true flies often recognized for their bee- or wasp-like appearance. The species was first described by Loew in 1863. Records indicate it occurs in parts of North America, including Vermont and other areas in the United States.
Eosalpingogaster
Eosalpingogaster is a genus of flower flies (Syrphidae) established by Hull in 1949 and elevated to full generic status based on adult morphology, biological data, and molecular phylogenetics. Species in this genus are specialized predators of carmine cochineal insects (Dactylopius spp., Dactylopiidae), which are the source of carminic acid used in red dyes. The genus includes multiple species, with two new species described in a 2011 revision.
Eosalpingogaster nepenthe
Eosalpingogaster nepenthe is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Hull in 1943. It belongs to the tribe Syrphini within the subfamily Syrphinae. The specific epithet 'nepenthe' references the mythical drug of forgetfulness from Greek literature, a naming convention shared with the pitcher plant genus Nepenthes. As a member of the hoverfly family, it likely participates in pollination services, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Epistrophe nitidicollis
Straight-banded Smoothtail
Epistrophe nitidicollis is a hoverfly species with a broad Holarctic distribution spanning Europe, North America, and northern Asia. Adults are medium-sized with distinctive yellow facial markings and a black-and-yellow banded abdomen. The species is strongly associated with deciduous woodland habitats where larvae prey on aphids. Adults visit diverse flowering plants including umbellifers and early spring bloomers.
Epistrophella emarginata
Slender Smoothtail
Epistrophella emarginata is a common North American hoverfly (family Syrphidae) with larvae that are specialized aphid predators. The species is notable for its distinctive egg-laying behavior: females oviposit specifically on leaf petioles rather than on aphid-infested foliage or other substrates. This species is widely distributed across the United States, Canada, and extends into Mexico and Central America.
Episyrphus
Aphid Hover Flies
Episyrphus is a genus of hoverflies in the subfamily Syrphinae, commonly known as aphid hover flies. The genus contains two recognized subgenera: Episyrphus and Asiobaccha, with the latter distinguished by a petiolate abdomen. Larvae are predatory, frequently preying on aphids. The most widely distributed species, E. balteatus, exhibits migratory behavior and has been extensively studied for its role in biological control. Taxonomic classification within the genus requires revision due to unclear species boundaries and environmentally variable diagnostic characters.
Episyrphus balteatus
marmalade hoverfly, marmalade hover fly
Episyrphus balteatus, commonly known as the marmalade hoverfly, is a small (9–12 mm) syrphid fly native to the Palaearctic region. It is considered the most abundant native hoverfly in Central Europe. Adults are significant pollinators of flowering plants, while larvae are voracious predators of aphids, consuming up to approximately 400 aphids before pupation. The species exhibits partial migratory behavior, with some individuals moving southward in autumn while others overwinter locally.
Eristalinae
Drone Flies and Allies
Eristalinae is a subfamily of hoverflies (Syrphidae) comprising approximately nine tribes and notable for exceptional Batesian mimicry of bees and wasps. Adults are important pollinators, while larvae exhibit the greatest habitat diversity among hoverflies, occupying aquatic environments, decaying organic matter, sap runs, and even wasp nests. The subfamily includes the well-known drone fly (Eristalis tenax), whose larvae—called rat-tailed maggots—possess an extendable posterior breathing siphon.
Eristalinus
Lagoon Flies
Eristalinus is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) characterized by distinctive spotted or banded eye patterns in most species. These stout, nimble fliers are distributed across Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas, with several species becoming widespread invasives outside their native ranges. The genus has undergone taxonomic revision, with molecular and morphological studies reorganizing former subgenera Eristalodes and Lathyrophthalmus into two primary clades. Species such as E. taeniops and E. aeneus are notable for their rapid global spread and potential as managed pollinators in agricultural systems.
Eristalinus aeneus
Common Lagoon Fly
Eristalinus aeneus is a hoverfly (Syrphidae) with subcosmopolitan distribution, commonly found in freshwater habitats including coastal lagoons, ponds, and slow-moving rivers. Adults are effective pollinators of crops including watermelon and mango, and have been evaluated as managed pollinators in protected agriculture. The species exhibits distinctive patterned eyes with black spots, metallic coloration, and rapid hovering flight. Larvae develop in aquatic or semi-aquatic environments with decaying organic matter, possessing a characteristic extensible breathing siphon.
Eristalis anthophorina
orange-spotted drone fly
Eristalis anthophorina, the orange-spotted drone fly, is a syrphid fly with Holarctic distribution. Adults reach approximately 15 mm in length and are notable mimics of bumblebees. The species is strongly associated with wetland habitats including bogs, fens, and woodland pools. It has been observed visiting flowers of Verbena hastata, Salix myricoides, and Hesperis matronalis.
Eristalis arbustorum
Eurasian Drone Fly, European Drone Fly
Eristalis arbustorum is a sexually dimorphic hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae. Females closely mimic small, dark mining bees (Andrenidae), while males exhibit less specific mimicry of wasps and other yellow-black Hymenoptera. The species is abundant across the Northern Hemisphere and has been introduced to North America. Adults are important pollinators that visit diverse flowering plants, while larvae are aquatic filter-feeders known as 'rat-tailed maggots' due to their elongated posterior breathing siphon. The species is known to be migratory in Europe, with populations overwintering in sheltered locations such as cave entrances.
Eristalis bellardii
Mexican mountain drone fly
Eristalis bellardii is an uncommon syrphid fly species first described in 1867. It is found in the Southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America. The species exhibits Batesian mimicry of honeybees, with adults visiting flowers for nectar and pollen. Larval biology remains unknown.
Eristalis brousii
Hourglass Drone Fly
Eristalis brousii, commonly known as the hourglass drone fly, is a hoverfly species first described by Samuel Wendell Williston in 1882. The species has experienced severe population decline across North America following the introduction of the European congener Eristalis arbustorum near Toronto around 1885. As of 2019, it persists only along the lake margin of Hudson Bay in Northern Canada, making it one of the most geographically restricted hoverflies on the continent. Like other Eristalis species, adults are pollinators while larvae develop as aquatic filter-feeders.
Eristalis cryptarum
Bog-dwelling Drone Fly, Bog Hoverfly
Eristalis cryptarum is a Holarctic hoverfly species specializing in bog and wetland habitats. It is notable for its restricted distribution and significant population declines across Europe, with extirpation from much of its former English range and critical endangerment in Denmark. The species exhibits classic Eristalis morphology with distinctive coloration and is a member of the drone fly group, though it is not a bee mimic to the same degree as some congeners. Its larvae are assumed to be aquatic filter-feeders in saturated peat, though they remain undescribed.
Eristalis flavipes
orange-legged drone fly
Eristalis flavipes, commonly known as the orange-legged drone fly, is a North American hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. Adults are striking mimics of bumblebees, measuring 13–17 mm in length, with abundant bright yellow pile on a black body and distinctive orange-red legs. The species is active from early April through mid-October, occurring across diverse habitats with particular affinity for wetlands. Adults visit flowers for nectar and pollen, while larvae are aquatic rat-tailed maggots that filter-feed in standing water.
Eristalis gomojunovae
Arctic Drone Fly
A species of hoverfly in the genus Eristalis, commonly known as the Arctic Drone Fly. Described by Violovich in 1977, this species belongs to the drone fly group within the family Syrphidae. Like other Eristalis species, it is presumed to exhibit Batesian mimicry of bees or wasps. The specific epithet honors an individual, following the naming convention for this species. Very limited information exists on its biology and ecology compared to better-studied congeners such as Eristalis tenax.
Eristalis hirta
Black-footed Drone Fly
Eristalis hirta, commonly known as the black-footed drone fly, is a syrphid fly species first described by Loew in 1866. It is a common species in Western North America and also occurs in Northern Europe. Like other Eristalis species, it exhibits Batesian mimicry of honey bees, providing protection from predators. The larvae are aquatic filter-feeders with the characteristic rat-tailed morphology, developing in standing water habitats.
Eristalis interrupta
Eristalis interrupta is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) in the genus Eristalis. Like other members of this genus, it belongs to a group commonly known as drone flies due to their resemblance to honey bees. The genus Eristalis contains species that are important pollinators and whose larvae are aquatic decomposers found in organic-rich water. Specific details about E. interrupta are limited in the provided sources, though it shares the general characteristics of Eristalis species including Batesian mimicry of bees and wasps.
Eristalis obscura
Dusky Drone Fly
Eristalis obscura, commonly known as the dusky drone fly, is a species of syrphid fly first described by Loew in 1866. It is widespread across northern North America and extends eastward through Europe to Siberia. The species exhibits the characteristic rat-tailed maggot larval form, with aquatic larvae that function as filter-feeders. Like other members of the genus Eristalis, adults are likely bee mimics, though specific documentation of this behavior for E. obscura is limited.
Eristalis saxorum
Blue-polished Drone Fly
Eristalis saxorum is an uncommon species of syrphid fly (hoverfly) native to eastern North America. Adults are flower visitors, obtaining nectar and pollen from blossoms. The species exhibits typical drone fly characteristics, including bee-mimicry and hovering flight behavior. Larvae are presumed to be of the rat-tailed type, though they have not been formally identified for this species. The species is active from mid-March through late October, with adults overwintering in sheltered locations such as cave entrances.
Eristalis transversa
Transverse-banded Drone Fly, Transverse Flower Fly
Eristalis transversa is a hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, first described by Wiedemann in 1830. Adults are bee mimics, displaying Batesian mimicry of stinging Hymenoptera. The species is common in eastern North America and is frequently observed visiting flowers for nectar and pollen. Like other Eristalis species, adults are important pollinators, though specific larval habitat for this species has not been documented.
Eumerus
Lesser Bulb Flies
Eumerus is a large genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) comprising approximately 281 species. Adults are small to medium (5–12 mm) with distinctive morphological features including a smooth cylindrical abdomen, powerful hind legs with thickened femora, and a flat hairy face. The genus is notable for containing several agricultural pests whose larvae damage bulbs and roots of ornamental and crop plants.
Eumerus funeralis
Lesser Bulb Fly
Eumerus funeralis, commonly known as the Lesser Bulb Fly, is a small hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. Originally described from the Mediterranean basin, it has become cosmopolitan in distribution, particularly widespread in the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions. The species is notable for its phytophagous larvae, which develop in damaged bulbs and are recognized as a minor pest of ornamental plants including Narcissus, Hyacinthus, and Amaryllis.
Eupeodes americanus
American hoverfly, Long-tailed Aphideater
Eupeodes americanus, the American hoverfly, is a Nearctic aphidophagous hoverfly commercialized in Canada as a biological control agent for aphid management. Adults feed on nectar and pollen, while larvae are voracious predators of aphids, with one larva consuming approximately 2,000 aphids during development. The species is notable for its ability to remain active at low temperatures (12–18°C) where other biocontrol agents become inactive. It has been evaluated as a biocontrol agent for greenhouse and field crops including sweet pepper, cucumber, cotton, soybeans, melons, and potatoes.
Eupeodes latifasciatus
Broad-banded Aphideater, meadow field syrph
Eupeodes latifasciatus is a small hoverfly with wing length 6.5–8.5 mm, distinguished by yellow markings fused into bands on abdominal segments three and four. Adults feed on nectar from diverse flowers and serve as pollinators. Larvae are aphid predators, feeding on aphids and scale insects (Hemiptera). The species has a broad distribution across the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions, with flight activity primarily from May to September.
Eupeodes montivagus
Red-tailed Aphideater
A flower fly (Syrphidae) known as the Red-tailed Aphideater. Adults are pollinators that visit flowers for nectar. Larvae are aphid predators, with females laying eggs in or near aphid colonies. The species was first described from Colorado by William Morton Wheeler in 1895.
Eupeodes perplexus
bare-winged aphideater
Eupeodes perplexus, commonly known as the bare-winged aphideater, is a hoverfly species native to North America. The species is notable for its distinctive wing venation and abdominal patterning. Adults are nectar feeders, while larvae are predatory, consuming aphids and scale insects. The species is part of the diverse syrphid fauna that contributes to both pollination and biological control in various ecosystems.
Eupeodes pomus
Short-tailed Aphideater
Eupeodes pomus, commonly known as the short-tailed aphideater, is a species of syrphid fly distributed across North America. Adults are flower-visiting insects that feed on nectar and pollen, while larvae are aphid predators. The species belongs to a family noted for wasp-mimicking appearance and hovering flight behavior.
Eupeodes snowi
Snow's Aphideater
Eupeodes snowi is a species of syrphid fly, commonly known as Snow's Aphideater, in the family Syrphidae. As a member of the Syrphinae subfamily, its larvae are aphid predators. The species is part of a diverse genus of hover flies that serve as important biological control agents and pollinators.
Eurimyia
rat-tail maggot flies, swamp flies
Eurimyia is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) containing three described species. These flies are commonly known as rat-tail maggot flies due to the distinctive elongated breathing tube of their aquatic larvae. The genus was established by Bigot in 1883 and previously included species now classified under Lejops. Adults are associated with wetland habitats.
Fazia micrura
Diamond Spottail
Fazia micrura is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Diamond Spottail. First described by Osten Sacken in 1877, it belongs to the tribe Syrphini. The species has been documented through over 1,900 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is relatively well-recorded. As a member of the hoverfly family, it is presumed to be a pollinator and may exhibit Batesian mimicry of bees or wasps.
Ferdinandea buccata
Common Copperback
Ferdinandea buccata is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Common Copperback. The species was first described by Loew in 1863 under the basionym Chrysochlamys buccata. As a member of the tribe Rhingiini within the subfamily Eristalinae, it belongs to a group of syrphid flies often associated with particular larval habitat preferences. Adult hoverflies in this genus are typically found in wooded or semi-open habitats where they visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Ferdinandea croesus
Golden Copperback
Ferdinandea croesus is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) first described by Osten Sacken in 1877. It belongs to the tribe Rhingiini within the subfamily Eristalinae. The species is known by the common name Golden Copperback and has been documented in North America with observations recorded on citizen science platforms.
Hadromyia aepalius
Sterling Quicksilver
Hadromyia aepalius, known as the Sterling Quicksilver, is a rare hoverfly (family Syrphidae) found in eastern North America. The species exhibits a distinctive shining metallic bronze coloration that gives it its common name. It belongs to a genus of relatively uncommon flower-visiting flies. Observations are sparse, with only five documented records on iNaturalist.
Hadromyia crawfordi
Golden Quicksilver
Hadromyia crawfordi is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) native to western North America. It is commonly known as the Golden Quicksilver. The species was originally described as Caliprobola crawfordi by Shannon in 1916 and later transferred to the genus Hadromyia. It is one of several species in the genus Hadromyia, which are characterized by their distinctive metallic coloration.
Helophilina
rat-tail maggot flies
Helophilina is a subtribe of hoverflies within the family Syrphidae, commonly referred to as rat-tail maggot flies. The subtribe encompasses approximately 19 genera and over 180 described species. Members are classified within the subfamily Eristalinae and tribe Eristalini. The common name derives from the aquatic or semi-aquatic larval stage, which possesses a long, telescopic breathing siphon resembling a rat's tail.
Helophilus bottnicus
Gray-banded Marsh Fly
Helophilus bottnicus is a hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Gray-banded Marsh Fly. It belongs to a genus whose larvae are aquatic, developing in decaying organic matter submerged in water. Adults are sun-loving and often exhibit yellowjacket mimicry with characteristic thoracic striping. The species was described by Wahlberg in 1844 and is recorded from Norway and Sweden.
Helophilus hybridus
hoverfly
Helophilus hybridus is a Palearctic hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae. Adults are medium-sized with distinctive yellow and black abdominal patterning. The species is associated with wetland habitats across northern and central Europe, extending eastward through Russia to the Pacific coast. Larvae develop in aquatic or semi-aquatic environments with organic matter.
Helophilus intentus
Yellow-legged Marsh Fly
Helophilus intentus is a species of syrphid fly (flower fly) in the family Syrphidae. It belongs to the genus Helophilus, whose members are commonly known as marsh flies due to their association with aquatic habitats. The larvae develop in decaying plant matter submerged in water. Adults are sun-loving and frequently observed visiting flowers for nectar and pollen.
Helophilus lapponicus
Yellow-margined Marsh Fly
Helophilus lapponicus is a Holarctic species of hoverfly found across northern North America, northern Europe, Greenland, and Siberia. Adults are medium-sized syrphid flies, 12.5–13.5 mm in length, commonly observed visiting flowers for nectar and pollen. The species is distinguished by yellow abdominal markings and specific wing venation. Larval biology remains undocumented, though congeneric species develop in wet decaying organic matter.
Helophilus latifrons
Broad-headed Marsh Fly
Helophilus latifrons, commonly known as the Broad-headed Marsh Fly, is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae. Adults are flower visitors that obtain nectar and pollen from blossoms. The larvae are aquatic and develop in decaying submerged vegetation, functioning as decomposers in wetland ecosystems. The species occurs across much of North America including the United States, southern Canada, and mountainous regions of Mexico.
Helophilus neoaffinis
Northwestern Marsh Fly
A syrphid fly species in the genus Helophilus, recognized by iNaturalist as the Northwestern Marsh Fly. As with other members of its genus, it likely exhibits yellowjacket mimicry with vertical yellow stripes on the thorax. The larvae develop in decaying plant matter submerged in water, characteristic of the 'rat-tailed maggot' form found in aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats.
Helophilus obscurus
obscure marsh fly
Helophilus obscurus is a syrphid fly commonly found across Canada, the northern United States, and the Rocky Mountains. Adults are flower visitors that obtain nectar and pollen. The species is part of the marsh fly genus Helophilus, though the larval biology of this specific species remains undocumented. It is one of several North American Helophilus species that exhibit yellowjacket mimicry.
Heringia
Smoothleg Flies
Heringia is a genus of small hoverflies (Syrphidae) commonly known as Smoothleg Flies. Species occur in North America and Europe. Larvae are predatory on specific aphid species, including woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum), woolly elm aphid (Schizoneura), and aphids on poplar (Pemphigus) and fir (Dreyfusia). Adults feed on honeydew and pollen. The genus is part of the "little black fly" group, with females generally unidentifiable to species.
Heringia canadensis
Canadian smoothleg
Heringia canadensis, commonly known as the Canadian smoothleg, is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) found across much of North America. Adults are frequently observed visiting flowers to feed on nectar and pollen. The species belongs to the tribe Pipizini, whose larvae are known aphid predators, though specific larval biology for this species remains incompletely documented. It is considered fairly common within its range.
Hiatomyia
Deltawings
Hiatomyia is a Holarctic genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) characterized by a distinctive plumose arista and shiny black coloration. The genus contains approximately 22 described species, with authorship dating to Shannon (1922). These flies are relatively poorly known compared to many other syrphid genera, with limited observational data available.
Hypocritanus
Hypocritanus is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) described by Miranda in 2020. The genus is found in the Neotropical region and contains at least two described species: H. fascipennis and H. lemur. As a member of the tribe Syrphini, these flies are part of a diverse group of flower-visiting insects.
Hypocritanus fascipennis
eastern band-winged hover fly
Hypocritanus fascipennis is a North American species of syrphid fly commonly known as the eastern band-winged hover fly. It was transferred from the genus Ocyptamus to Hypocritanus in 2020 based on phylogenetic research. As a member of the hover fly family Syrphidae, it likely exhibits the characteristic hovering flight behavior typical of this group.
Laetodon laetus
Small Metallic Ant Fly
Laetodon laetus is a small hoverfly (family Syrphidae) in the subfamily Microdontinae, commonly known as the Small Metallic Ant Fly. Members of Microdontinae are myrmecophilous, meaning they have ecological associations with ants. The species exhibits metallic coloration and has been documented in limited observations, with 41 records on iNaturalist suggesting it is infrequently encountered or underreported.
Lapposyrphus
Lapposyrphus is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) established by Dušek & Láska in 1967. The genus was historically treated as part of Eupeodes, from which it was later separated based on morphological distinctions. It contains two species: L. lapponicus and L. abberrantis. Members are found in northern and boreal regions of Europe.
Lapposyrphus aberrantis
Western Loopwing Aphideater
Lapposyrphus aberrantis is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, first described by Charles Howard Curran in 1925. It is commonly known as the Western Loopwing Aphideater. The genus Lapposyrphus comprises aphidophagous hoverflies, and this species follows the general ecological pattern of the group. Observations are relatively sparse, with 54 records on iNaturalist.
Lepidomyia micheneri
Michner's Scaleback
Lepidomyia micheneri is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Fluke in 1953. It belongs to the tribe Brachyopini within the subfamily Eristalinae. The species is known from very few observations, with only two records documented on iNaturalist. It is commonly referred to as "Michner's Scaleback."
Lycastrirhyncha
neotropical flower flies, neotropical hoverflies
Lycastrirhyncha is a genus of neotropical hoverflies (Syrphidae) comprising five described species. The genus was established by Bigot in 1859 with L. nitens as the type species. At least one species, L. nitens, has been documented as a flower visitor in wetland habitats, where it forages on Pontederia sagittata inflorescences. Observations indicate temporal variation in foraging behavior correlated with nectar availability.
Lycastrirhyncha nitens
Lycastrirhyncha nitens is a hoverfly species (Diptera: Syrphidae) first described by Bigot in 1859. It is known from floral visitation studies on Pontederia sagittata (arrowhead water hyacinth), where it exhibits temporal variation in foraging behavior correlated with nectar availability. The species has been documented in wetland habitats across Brazil, with GBIF records indicating presence in all 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District.
Mallota
Mimic Flies
Mallota is a Holarctic genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) containing approximately 30 described species. Adults are well known for their robust, bee-like appearance, functioning as mimics of bumble bees (Bombus species). The genus has been documented from North America, Europe, and Asia. Larvae develop in water-filled tree holes and other decaying wood cavities.
Mallota bautias
Bare-eyed Bee-mimic Fly
Mallota bautias is a hoverfly (family Syrphidae) native to eastern North America. The species is notable for its exceptional mimicry of bumblebees (genus Bombus), particularly Bombus pennsylvanicus, serving as a classic example of Batesian mimicry in which a harmless species evolves to resemble a stinging model. Adult flies are pollinators, while larvae develop in tree holes filled with water. The species has been the subject of behavioral studies examining how avian predators respond to the mimic and its model.
Mallota bequaerti
Spot-winged Mimic Fly
Mallota bequaerti is a species of syrphid fly (flower fly) in the family Syrphidae, described by Hull in 1956. The species is currently considered a synonym of Imatisma bequaerti in some taxonomic databases. Like other members of the genus Mallota, it is presumed to be a bumble bee mimic based on related species, though specific observations of this species are sparse.
Mallota diversipennis
A syrphid fly in the tribe Eristalini, described by Curran in 1922. Like other members of the genus Mallota, the larvae develop in water-filled tree holes. Adults are bumble bee mimics and are known to use leaves as platforms for grooming behavior. The specific epithet "diversipennis" refers to variation in wing pattern.
Mallota mississipensis
Eastern Mimic Fly
Mallota mississipensis is a species of hover fly (family Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae. It is one of approximately 13 species in the genus Mallota found in North America. The species is a bumble bee mimic, exhibiting the black and yellow coloration typical of this defensive mimicry strategy. Like other members of its genus, the larvae develop in aquatic or semi-aquatic environments, specifically in water that collects in tree holes. The species is known from eastern North America, with observations documented in the iNaturalist database.
Mallota posticata
Hairy-eyed Bee-mimic Fly
Mallota posticata is a syrphid fly (family Syrphidae) known for its bumble bee mimicry. The species is documented in Illinois and broader North America, with larvae developing in water-filled tree holes. Adults exhibit grooming behavior on leaves and serve as pollinators.
Mallota sackeni
brown-haltered mimic fly, brown-haltered bee-mimic fly
Mallota sackeni is a species of hover fly (family Syrphidae) native to western North America. The species is known for its bee-mimicry, a common defensive adaptation among syrphid flies. Adults are active pollinators, while larvae develop in aquatic or semi-aquatic environments typical of the tribe Eristalini. The species has been documented from British Columbia to southern California and eastward to Idaho and Utah.
Megasyrphus catalina
Yellow-legged Gossamer
Megasyrphus catalina is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Curran in 1930. The species is known by the common name 'Yellow-legged Gossamer.' As a member of the subfamily Syrphinae and tribe Syrphini, it belongs to a diverse group of flies commonly known as flower flies or hoverflies, many of which are important pollinators. The specific epithet 'catalina' likely references the Santa Catalina Mountains in Arizona, suggesting a southwestern North American distribution. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only four records in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Megasyrphus laxus
black-legged gossamer fly, Black-legged Gossamer
Megasyrphus laxus, the black-legged gossamer fly, is an uncommon syrphid fly species found across North America. Adults are associated with flowers, where they feed on nectar and pollen. The species is capable of hovering flight. Larval stages remain undescribed.
Melangyna
Halfbands
Melangyna is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) distributed across the Holarctic region, with subgenera in the Nearctic, Palearctic, and Australasian regions. Adults are frequent flower visitors, while larvae are predatory on aphids. The genus exhibits sexual dimorphism in behavior and morphology, with males typically larger than females and showing distinct foraging and habitat exploration patterns.
Melangyna arctica
Alder Halfband
Melangyna arctica is a Holarctic hoverfly species distributed across northern Europe, Asia, and North America. The species is strongly associated with coniferous and deciduous woodlands, where adults visit flowers of trees and herbs during spring. Larvae develop as predators on aphids in arboreal habitats.
Melangyna coei
Coe's Halfband
Melangyna coei is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Nielsen in 1971. The species is known from Norway and Sweden, and has been assigned the common name 'Coe's Halfband' in iNaturalist. As a member of the genus Melangyna, it belongs to a group of small to medium-sized hoverflies commonly associated with coniferous and mixed forests.
Melangyna lasiophthalma
Hairy-eyed Halfband
Melangyna lasiophthalma is a Holarctic hoverfly species with a broad distribution across northern temperate regions. Adults are active in spring, visiting diverse flowering plants in wooded and semi-open habitats. The species is associated with deciduous and coniferous forests, riparian woodlands, and anthropogenic environments including gardens and orchards.
Melanostoma
Melanostoma is a large genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) established by Schiner in 1860. Members of this genus are small, slender flies with relatively simple coloration compared to many other syrphids. Biological information remains limited; adults have been observed visiting flowers, while larvae are suspected to be general predators of small insects in leaf litter and ground-level vegetation.
Melanostoma mellinum
Variable Duskyface Fly
Melanostoma mellinum is a widespread and abundant hoverfly species native to the Palearctic region, with introduced populations in North America. It is one of the most commonly recorded syrphid flies in Britain and Europe, frequently encountered in agricultural landscapes including vineyards, grasslands, and wetlands. The species has been studied for its response to landscape structure, showing increased abundance in areas with greater proportions of seminatural habitats.
Meligramma guttata
Spotted Roundtail
Meligramma guttata is a Holarctic species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. It is commonly known as the Spotted Roundtail. The species has been recorded across parts of Europe including Belgium, Denmark, and Norway. As a member of the Syrphidae, it likely exhibits the typical hoverfly behavior of visiting flowers for nectar and pollen, though specific ecological details remain limited in available sources.
Meligramma triangulifera
Variable Roundtail
Meligramma triangulifera is a hoverfly species first described from Europe in 1843. Taxonomic revisions have synonymized several Nearctic species names (M. tenuis, M. cincta) under this species, expanding its recognized range. Identification keys exist for both adult and puparial stages. The species has been recorded across Europe and the Nearctic region.
Merodontini
Merodontini is a tribe of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) within the subfamily Eristalinae. The tribe includes genera such as Merodon, Eumerus, and Psilota. Larvae of Merodon and Eumerus tunnel into plant bulbs, while Psilota larvae have been found in sap runs. Some species, particularly Eumerus strigatus, are phytophagous and pose potential risks to agricultural crops such as onion (Allium cepa). The tribe has been recorded across multiple continents including the Palaearctic, Afrotropical, and Neotropical regions, with new species and distribution records continuing to be documented.
Microdon
Ant Flies
Microdon is a genus of hover flies (Syrphidae) in the subfamily Microdontinae, containing approximately 249 species worldwide with greatest diversity in the tropics. The genus is notable for its myrmecophilous lifestyle: adults remain near ant colonies rather than visiting flowers, and larvae develop inside ant nests. Adults are morphologically atypical for hover flies—sedentary, robust, very hairy, and often bee-like in appearance. Larvae are dome-shaped, slug-like, and slow-moving, with spiracles on a peg-like posterior protuberance. The genus has historically served as a catch-all for unrelated species, and ongoing taxonomic revision is expected to reassign many species to other genera.
Microdon globosus
Globular Ant Fly
Microdon globosus is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Globular Ant Fly. Like other members of the genus Microdon, it belongs to a distinctive group of hover flies whose larvae develop within ant colonies. The species was first described by Fabricius in 1805 and has been documented in museum collections and citizen science observations, though detailed natural history information remains limited.
Microdon lanceolatus
Spear-horned Ant Fly
Microdon lanceolatus is a species of hover fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Spear-horned Ant Fly. Like other members of the genus Microdon, it is presumed to have an ant-associated life cycle, with larvae developing within ant colonies. The species was described by Adams in 1903. Very little specific information is documented about this particular species beyond its taxonomic classification.
Microdon pallipennis
Microdon pallipennis is a species of hover fly (family Syrphidae) described by Curran in 1925. It belongs to the subfamily Microdontinae, a group whose larvae are known to develop within ant colonies. The species was included in a 2023 Illinois Natural History Survey study that digitized and identified historic hover fly specimens, contributing to updated species range data for the region.
Microdon ruficrus
spiny-shield ant fly
An uncommon syrphid fly of the eastern United States and adjacent Canada. Adults are metallic greenish or bluish black with distinctive cupreous thoracic stripes and a spiny scutellum. Larvae develop within nests of the ant Lasius americanus. The species is one of approximately 6,200 described syrphid flies worldwide.
Microdon tristis
Long-horned Ant Fly
Microdon tristis is a syrphid fly in the subfamily Microdontinae, commonly known as the Long-horned Ant Fly. The species exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism in wing venation and facial structure. Adults are characterized by distinctive bronze-black coloration with greenish and purplish metallic reflections, and are associated with ant colonies as larvae.
Milesia scutellata
Yellow-backed Giant
Milesia scutellata is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Hull in 1924. It belongs to the genus Milesia, which includes several large, wasp-mimicking species found in North America. The species is known from the southeastern United States, ranging from southeast Oklahoma to North Carolina. Like other members of its genus, it likely exhibits Batesian mimicry of stinging wasps, though specific behavioral and ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
Milesiini
Xylotini
Milesiini is a large, diverse tribe of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae. Adults frequently exhibit mimicry of wasps or hornets. The tribe encompasses numerous genera including Milesia, Xylota, Syritta, Chalcosyrphus, Blera, and Criorhina. Many species are saproxylic, with larvae developing in decaying wood or under bark.
Mixogaster breviventris
Slender Ant Fly
Mixogaster breviventris is a species of syrphid fly (family Syrphidae) in the subfamily Microdontinae. The species was described by Kahl in 1897. It is known by the common name Slender Ant Fly. As a member of the Microdontinae, it belongs to a group of hoverflies whose larvae are associated with ant colonies.
Mixogaster fattigi
Fattig's Ant Fly
Mixogaster fattigi is a species of ant-mimicking hoverfly (family Syrphidae, subfamily Microdontinae) described in 2019. The genus Mixogaster belongs to the tribe Microdontini, a group whose larvae are known to develop within ant colonies as inquilines or predators of ant brood. The specific epithet honors entomologist Delbert La Rue Fattig. The species is part of a lineage exhibiting remarkable morphological convergence with ants, representing an evolutionary strategy to avoid predation while foraging or accessing ant-associated resources.
Monoceromyia floridensis
Rufous Wasp Fly
Monoceromyia floridensis is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Shannon in 1922. As a member of the tribe Cerioidini, it belongs to a group of wasp-mimicking syrphid flies. The species is known from Florida and surrounding regions of the southeastern United States. Like other members of its genus, it likely exhibits Batesian mimicry of stinging Hymenoptera, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Myathropa
Myathropa is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) distributed across Europe, North Africa, and extending into parts of Asia. Adults are active from May to September and are frequently observed visiting flowers. The genus includes at least three described species: M. florea, M. semenovi, and M. usta. Some species exhibit Batesian mimicry of social wasps.
Myathropa florea
Batman hoverfly, Yellow-haired Sun Fly
Myathropa florea is a common Palearctic hoverfly in the tribe Eristalini, often called the Batman hoverfly due to the distinctive skull-like pattern on its thorax. Adults are active flower visitors from May to October and are notable for their wasp-mimicking appearance. The species has become adventive in western North America since 2005. Larvae develop in waterlogged organic detritus, particularly in tree rot holes.
Myolepta
Pegleg Flies
Myolepta is a cosmopolitan genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) in the tribe Brachyopini, most closely related to the genus Lepidomyia. The genus contains species distributed across the Indomalayan Realm, West Palaearctic, and Nearctic regions. One Chinese species, Myolepta sinica, has been documented with host plant associations.
Myolepta pretiosa
Myolepta pretiosa is a hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae, described by Hull in 1923. It belongs to the tribe Brachyopini, a group characterized by larvae that develop in decaying wood and sap runs. The genus Myolepta comprises relatively uncommon species with limited documented observations.
Nausigaster geminata
Armored Dimpleback
Nausigaster geminata is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae, tribe Merodontini. It is commonly known as the Armored Dimpleback. The species was described by Townsend in 1897. As a syrphid fly, it likely exhibits typical hoverfly behaviors including flower visitation for nectar and pollen feeding, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in available sources.
Nausigaster scutellaris
Plain-winged Dimpleback
Nausigaster scutellaris is a species of hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the tribe Merodontini, described by Adams in 1904. The common name "Plain-winged Dimpleback" has been assigned to this species on iNaturalist, though published biological information remains sparse. As a member of the subfamily Eristalinae, it belongs to a group of syrphid flies whose larvae typically develop in decaying organic matter or other moist substrates.
Nausigaster unimaculata
Single-spotted Dimpleback
A syrphid fly in the tribe Merodontini, characterized by a single prominent spot on the abdomen. The species is documented across multiple sources and has accumulated over 100 research-grade observations. It belongs to a genus of small hoverflies commonly known as dimplebacks.
Neoascia
Fen Flies
Neoascia is a genus of small hoverflies (Syrphidae) characterized by black and yellow or mostly black coloration with a narrow, wasp-like waist between the thorax and abdomen. Adults are typically found in damp, low-vegetation habitats including fens, marshes, and pond margins. The genus has a Holarctic distribution with records across Northern and Central Europe, Western Siberia, and Scandinavia. Larvae are saprophagous, developing in wet organic matter such as decaying vegetation, compost, and wet manure associated with aquatic margins.
Neocnemodon
Smoothleg fly
Neocnemodon is a genus of hoverflies in the family Syrphidae, distributed across North America and Europe. Species in this genus are small to medium-sized flies with distinctive smooth legs, a trait reflected in their common name 'Smoothleg fly'. The genus was established by Goffe in 1944 and is classified within the tribe Pipizini. Larvae are known to be predatory, feeding on specific aphid species associated with various host plants.
Nuntianus
Nuntianus is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) described by Miranda in 2020. It belongs to the tribe Syrphini, a diverse group of flower-visiting flies. The genus was established relatively recently, and its species are found in the Neotropical region. Members of this genus share morphological characteristics that distinguish them from related syrphine genera, though detailed biological studies remain limited.
Nuntianus cubanus
Nuntianus cubanus is a species of hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) endemic to Cuba. Originally described as Baccha cubana by Hull in 1943, it was later transferred to the genus Nuntianus. The genus Nuntianus is a small group of Neotropical hoverflies characterized by elongated bodies and reduced wing venation. Information on the biology and ecology of this species remains limited.
Ocyptamus gastrostactus
Spotted Hover Fly
Ocyptamus gastrostactus is a predatory hover fly in the family Syrphidae. Its larvae are specialized predators of aphids, with documented predation on Sarucallis kahawaluokalani on Lagerstroemia indica in Panama. The species serves as a host for the parasitoid wasp Pachyneuron albutius, which parasitizes its pupae. It is widely distributed across Brazil and has been recorded in Panama.
Ornidia obesa
Green Jewel Fly
Ornidia obesa is a metallic green syrphid fly widely distributed across the Americas and introduced to the Old World. Adults are frequently observed in association with decomposing organic matter, particularly animal feces and compost. The species has been documented as a host for pteromalid parasitoids and is noted for harboring bacteria of public health significance.
Orphnabaccha
Orphnabaccha is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) in the tribe Syrphini, native to the Neotropical region. The genus was reinstated by Hull in 1949 and later redefined when molecular studies showed that the formerly broad genus Ocyptamus was not monophyletic, leading to the split of several distinct genera including Orphnabaccha.
Orphnabaccha coerulea
A species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Williston in 1891. The genus Orphnabaccha is part of the diverse Syrphinae subfamily, whose members are commonly known as flower flies. Species in this genus are typically associated with tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas.
Orphnabaccha jactator
Yellow-legged Hover Fly
Orphnabaccha jactator is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Yellow-legged Hover Fly. It belongs to a small genus of syrphid flies characterized by distinctive leg coloration. The species was described by Hermann Loew in 1861. Like other members of Syrphidae, it is likely a pollinator as an adult, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Orthonevra bellula
Three-lined Mucksucker
Orthonevra bellula is a rare species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae. The species was first described by Williston in 1882 as Chrysogater bellulus, with a lectotype later designated. It is one of three Nearctic Orthonevra species that extend into the Neotropical region. Adults are commonly found on flowers where they obtain nectar and pollen.
Orthonevra nitida
Wavy Mucksucker
Orthonevra nitida, commonly known as the Wavy Mucksucker, is a small syrphid fly (4–5 mm) native to eastern and central North America. It is one of three Nearctic Orthonevra species that extends into the Neotropical region. Adults are flower visitors, obtaining nectar and pollen from blooms. The species exhibits distinctive metallic coloration and wing markings that aid in identification. Larvae of this genus are of the rat-tailed type, though O. nitida larvae specifically have not been described.
Orthonevra pictipennis
Dusky-veined Mucksucker
Orthonevra pictipennis, known as the Dusky-veined Mucksucker, is an uncommon species of syrphid fly (hoverfly) in North America. Adults are small flower flies, measuring 5.5–6 mm in length, with distinctive metallic bronze-green and coppery coloration. The species shares much of its range with congeners O. pulchella, O. nitida, and O. feei. Larvae for this genus are of the rat-tailed type, though larvae of O. pictipennis specifically have not been described.
Palpada agrorum
Double-banded Plushback
Palpada agrorum is a common syrphid fly commonly known as the Double-banded Plushback. Adults are flower visitors that obtain nectar and pollen. Larvae are aquatic filter-feeders of the rat-tailed type, possessing an extensible posterior breathing siphon. The species was first described by Fabricius in 1787 and belongs to the agrorum species group within the genus Palpada.
Palpada albifrons
White-faced Plushback
Palpada albifrons is a rare species of syrphid fly (hoverfly) characterized by its distinctive white-faced appearance and aquatic larval stage. Adults are medium-sized flower flies commonly found on flowers, where they feed on nectar and pollen. The species has a disjunct distribution, occurring from Mexico northward along coastal areas of the United States, with additional records from South America. The larvae are aquatic rat-tailed maggots that inhabit organic-rich standing water.
Palpada mexicana
Golden Plushback
Palpada mexicana, commonly known as the Golden Plushback, is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. The species was originally described as Eristalis mexicanus by Macquart in 1847 and later transferred to the genus Palpada. As a member of the tribe Eristalini, its larvae are rat-tailed maggots adapted to aquatic or semi-aquatic environments with low oxygen levels. The species has been documented in 1,829 iNaturalist observations, indicating it is relatively well-represented in citizen science records.
Palpada pusilla
Bicolored Plushback
Palpada pusilla is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Bicolored Plushback. It is a member of the tribe Eristalini, which includes species whose larvae are known as "rat-tailed maggots" due to their distinctive posterior breathing siphon. The species has been documented across all 27 states of Brazil based on distribution records. Adult flies are pollinators that visit flowers, while larvae develop in organic-rich aquatic environments.
Palpada texana
Wide-eyed Plushback
Palpada texana is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) in the tribe Eristalini. Like other members of its genus, it is associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic larval habitats typical of the Eristalina subtribe. The species was described by Hull in 1925. Adults are presumably pollinators, though specific behavioral observations for this species are limited.
Paragus
Grass Skimmer Flies
Paragus is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) comprising over 100 species distributed worldwide except Antarctica. The genus is notable for its predatory larvae that feed on aphids, making it an important group for biological control. Adults are frequently observed visiting small flowering plants for nectar and pollen. Several subgenera are recognized, including Afroparagus, Pandasyopthalmus, Paragus, and Serratoparagus.
Paragus haemorrhous
Black-backed Grass Skimmer, Common Grass Skimmer
Paragus haemorrhous is a small hoverfly species distributed across Europe, Africa, and the Nearctic. Adults are commonly found on flowers where they feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae are predatory, feeding on aphids on low herbaceous plants. The species is active from May through September and occupies diverse open habitats including grasslands, heathlands, and forest edges.
Parasyrphus
Bristleside Flies
Parasyrphus is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) comprising 31 described species distributed across the Holarctic region. Adults are small to medium-sized (5.6–11 mm) with characteristic yellow abdominal markings. The genus exhibits notable larval trophic diversity: most known larvae are aphid predators on trees, while at least two species (P. nigritarsis and P. melanderi) are specialist predators of leaf beetle eggs and larvae. This dietary specialization is unusual among syrphid flies and involves sophisticated chemical ecology where predators exploit prey defensive secretions as foraging cues.
Parasyrphus genualis
Common Bristleside
Parasyrphus genualis is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Williston in 1887. It was originally described under the genus Syrphus before being moved to Parasyrphus. The species has been documented in North America with at least 21 observations on iNaturalist. As a member of Syrphidae, it belongs to a family known for pollination services and, in many species, predatory larvae that feed on aphids.
Parasyrphus relictus
Parasyrphus relictus is a hoverfly species (Diptera: Syrphidae) first described by Zetterstedt in 1838. The genus Parasyrphus comprises predatory hoverflies whose larvae feed on aphids. This species has been recorded in northern Europe, including Belgium, Denmark, and Norway. As with other members of its genus, it likely occupies temperate woodland and wetland habitats where aphid prey are abundant.
Parasyrphus tarsatus
Holarctic Bristleside
Parasyrphus tarsatus is a species of hoverfly (Syrphidae) first described by Zetterstedt in 1838. It is native to Europe, with confirmed records from Norway and Sweden. The species is part of the diverse genus Parasyrphus, which comprises predatory syrphid flies whose larvae feed on aphids. Adults are likely active during the warmer months, though specific phenological details remain poorly documented.
Parhelophilus divisus
Yellow-legged Bog Fly
Parhelophilus divisus is a rare syrphid fly species known as the yellow-legged bog fly, documented primarily from the northeastern United States. The species exhibits the characteristic hoverfly ability to remain nearly motionless in flight. Adults are flower-associated, feeding on nectar and pollen, while larvae possess the distinctive long-tailed "rat-tailed" morphology typical of many Eristalinae.
Pelecinobaccha
A genus of hoverflies in the family Syrphidae, endemic to the Neotropical region. Formerly treated as part of the paraphyletic genus Ocyptamus, it was reinstated as a distinct genus based on phylogenetic evidence. The genus contains four species groups and approximately 49 species, many described in a 2014 revision. Adults are presumably pollinators like other syrphid flies, though specific biological data remain poorly documented.
Pelecinobaccha costata
Cobalt Hover Fly
Pelecinobaccha costata, commonly known as the cobalt hover fly, is a North American hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. The species is recognized by its distinctive coloration and is distributed across southern Ontario and the eastern United States. Its larvae are specialized predators of scale insects, making it a beneficial species in agricultural and natural ecosystems.
Pelecocera pergandei
Eastern Bighorn Fly
Pelecocera pergandei is a species of syrphid fly commonly known as the Eastern Bighorn Fly. It belongs to the tribe Rhingiini within the hoverfly family Syrphidae. The species was first described by Samuel Wendell Williston in 1884. Records of this species remain sparse, with limited observational data available.
Pipiza
Pitheads
Pipiza is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) containing approximately 12 European species. Adults are predominantly dark-colored and resemble small bees or wasps. The genus is notable for its specialized larval ecology: larvae are predaceous, feeding exclusively on gall-forming aphids on foliage. Species show strong association with forested landscapes, particularly deciduous forests and forest edges. Climate modeling indicates high distributional stability across Europe, with potential northward shifts in species diversity.
Pipiza quadrimaculata
Four-spotted Pipiza
Pipiza quadrimaculata is a hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae, first described by Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer in 1802. The species epithet "quadrimaculata" (meaning "four-spotted") refers to characteristic markings on the wings or body. It belongs to the tribe Pipizini, a group of small to medium-sized hoverflies often associated with woodland and wetland habitats. The species has been recorded in Belgium with presence confirmed across multiple administrative regions.
Pipizinae
Pitheads & Kin
Pipizinae is a subfamily of hoverflies (Syrphidae) containing approximately 70 species across eight extant genera. Formerly classified as a tribe within Eristalinae, molecular phylogenetic studies published in 2015 reinstated it as a distinct subfamily, sister to Syrphinae. Members are small to medium-sized flies, predominantly black in coloration with some species displaying orange abdominal markings. The subfamily is notable for its specialized larval predation on aphids, particularly wax-secreting species.
Platycheirus hyperboreus
Pearly Sedgesitter
Platycheirus hyperboreus, commonly known as the Pearly Sedgesitter, is a small hoverfly (Syrphidae) distributed across boreal and arctic regions of North America and northern Europe. Adults are 5.3–8.7 mm in length and exhibit distinctive abdominal patterning with pale spots on dark segments. The species is recognized by its modified front legs, which are yellow with gradually dilated tibiae—an adaptation associated with its common name. It occurs in northern latitudes ranging from Alaska and Greenland through Scandinavia to northern Siberia.
Platycheirus kelloggi
Broad-bodied Sedgesitter
Platycheirus kelloggi is a rare species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) endemic to western North America. The species is distinguished by its broad, oval abdomen with dull orange spots and distinctive leg morphology in males. It has been documented from Alaska south to southern California and in the Rocky Mountains, including Canada.
Platycheirus scutatus
hoverfly
Platycheirus scutatus is a very common Holarctic hoverfly with a wide distribution across the Northern Hemisphere. Adults are notable pollinators that feed on diverse flowers, while larvae are aphid predators. The species has an exceptionally long flight period and may remain active during cold weather. Multiple broods occur throughout warmer months.
Platycheirus stegnus
Greater Punctate Sedgesitter
Platycheirus stegnus is a hoverfly (Syrphidae) commonly known as the Greater Punctate Sedgesitter. It belongs to a genus characterized by elongated legs and distinctive wing venation. Like other syrphids, adults are likely nectar feeders, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The species was described by Thomas Say in 1829.
Platycheirus thylax
Yellow-legged Sedgesitter
Platycheirus thylax is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Hull in 1944. It is commonly known as the Yellow-legged Sedgesitter. Like other members of the genus Platycheirus, it is a small fly associated with wetland vegetation. The species is rarely recorded, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist.
Polybiomyia bellardii
Red-legged Wasp Fly
A small hoverfly (Syrphidae) known for its striking wasp-mimicking appearance. The species exhibits Batesian mimicry of vespid wasps, with a slender body and contrasting coloration. Adults have been documented across multiple observations, though detailed biological studies remain limited. The common name refers to its distinctive red leg coloration.
Polybiomyia macquarti
Short-horned Wasp Fly
Polybiomyia macquarti is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, first described by Shannon in 1925. It is known by the common name Short-horned Wasp Fly. As a member of the tribe Cerioidini, it belongs to a group of syrphid flies that exhibit wasp mimicry. The species is documented in the Catalogue of Life and GBIF with accepted taxonomic status. Available records from iNaturalist indicate it is rarely observed, with only 12 documented observations.
Polybiomyia townsendi
Yellowshield Wasp Fly
Polybiomyia townsendi is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, subfamily Eristalinae, tribe Cerioidini. It is commonly known as the Yellowshield Wasp Fly. The species was described by Snow in 1895 and is currently accepted as valid. Like other members of the genus Polybiomyia, it is a wasp-mimicking syrphid fly. The genus belongs to a group of hoverflies that exhibit Batesian mimicry of stinging Hymenoptera.
Polydontomyia curvipes
Dimorphic Sickleleg
Polydontomyia curvipes, commonly known as the dimorphic sickleleg, is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) and the sole member of its monotypic genus. Formerly classified under Lejops, it was reassigned to the resurrected genus Polydontomyia based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in leg structure, with males possessing the distinctive curved hind legs referenced in its specific epithet. As a member of the Eristalini tribe, it is associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic larval habitats typical of rat-tail maggot flies.
Pseudoscaeva
Pseudoscaeva is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) endemic to the Neotropical region. The genus was erected by Vockeroth in 1969 to accommodate species formerly placed in Ocyptamus, which was determined to be polyphyletic. Four species are currently recognized: P. diversifasciata, P. meridionalis, P. schoenemanni, and P. sericea. At least one species, P. meridionalis, has been introduced to Chile and is considered potentially invasive.
Pseudoscaeva diversifasciata
Silver-banded Hover Fly
Pseudoscaeva diversifasciata, commonly known as the Silver-banded Hover Fly, is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. The genus Pseudoscaeva contains relatively few species and is distinguished from the similar genus Scaeva by subtle morphological differences. This species exhibits Batesian mimicry of stinging Hymenoptera, a common trait among syrphid flies. Observations suggest it occurs in the Americas, though detailed natural history documentation remains limited.
Psilota
Psilota is a genus of small hoverflies in the family Syrphidae. Adults are characterized by black coloration, long wings, and the absence of a vena spuria—a wing feature present in most other hoverfly genera. The genus is most diverse in Australia, where 34 species have been documented, though it also occurs in Europe and other regions. Larvae are known to feed on tree sap.
Pterallastes
Pterallastes is a genus of bee-mimicking hoverflies (family Syrphidae) described by Loew in 1863. The genus contains four recognized species with a disjunct distribution: one species in North America (P. thoracicus), one in Japan (P. unicolor), and two in China (P. bomboides, P. bettyae). These flies exhibit Batesian mimicry of bees, a common defensive strategy in the subfamily Eristalinae.
Pterallastes thoracicus
goldenback fly, Orangeback syrphid fly
Pterallastes thoracicus is a syrphid fly commonly known as the goldenback fly or orangeback syrphid fly. It is an uncommon species observed across central and eastern United States, with recent records expanding its known range into Canada. Adults are associated with flowers, where they feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae of this species remain unknown.
Pyritis
Pyritis is a genus of hoverflies in the family Syrphidae, established by Hunter in 1897. The genus contains at least one confirmed species, P. kincaidii, described by Coquillett in 1895. As a member of the tribe Eristalini, it belongs to a group of flower-visiting flies commonly known as drone flies. The genus remains poorly documented in scientific literature, with limited published information on its biology and ecology.
Rhingia nasica
American Snout Fly
Rhingia nasica is a North American species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. Adults are recognized by their distinctive elongated snout, a trait shared with other members of the genus Rhingia. Larval development occurs in association with animal dung. The species is commonly observed across the eastern and central United States.
Rhingiini
Rhingiini hoverflies
Rhingiini is a tribe of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) within the subfamily Eristalinae. The tribe contains approximately 13 genera, including the well-known genus Cheilosia and the type genus Rhingia. Members are documented across the Palearctic and other regions, with recent studies expanding known distributions in areas such as Ukraine.
Rhopalosyrphus ramulorum
Bare-bellied Squeezetail
Rhopalosyrphus ramulorum is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Weems and Deyrup in 2003. It belongs to the subfamily Microdontinae, a group known for their unusual larval biology involving association with ant colonies. The species is known by the common name Bare-bellied Squeezetail. Information about this species remains limited, with only five documented observations on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Sericomyia
Pond Flies
Sericomyia is a genus of large hoverflies in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as pond flies. Species within this genus are notable bee mimics, displaying both short-pile and long-pile coloration patterns. The genus is widespread across boreal forests of the Holarctic region, extending southward at higher elevations into the Oriental and Neotropical regions. Larvae are of the rat-tailed maggot type, specialized for aquatic life in oxygen-poor environments.
Sericomyia bifasciata
Long-nosed Pond Fly
Sericomyia bifasciata, commonly known as the Long-nosed Pond Fly, is an uncommon species of syrphid fly described by Williston in 1887. It belongs to the genus Sericomyia, whose larvae are known as "rat-tailed maggots" with long breathing siphons adapted to aquatic environments. However, the larvae of this particular species remain unknown. Adults have been observed in the northeastern part of North America.
Sericomyia chalcopyga
Sericomyia chalcopyga is a species of syrphid fly (hoverfly) in the family Syrphidae. As a member of the tribe Sericomyiini, its larvae are "rat-tailed maggots" with extensible posterior breathing siphons adapted to aquatic environments. The species was described by Loew in 1863. Like other Sericomyia species, adults are pollinators that visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Sericomyia lata
White-spotted Pond Fly
Sericomyia lata is a syrphid fly commonly known as the White-spotted Pond Fly. Adults are medium-sized hoverflies, 11.6–15.2 mm in length, with distinctive black bodies and large white abdominal spots. The species is widespread across North America, with highest concentrations in eastern regions. Like other members of its genus, the larvae develop in aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats and possess the characteristic rat-tailed breathing siphon typical of Sericomyia.
Sericomyia tolli
Great-nosed Pond Fly
Sericomyia tolli is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Frey in 1915. It belongs to the genus Sericomyia, whose larvae are known as 'rat-tailed maggots' and inhabit aquatic environments. The species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal observational records available.
Sericomyia vockerothi
Vockeroth's Pond Fly
Sericomyia vockerothi is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Skevington in 2012. The genus Sericomyia belongs to the tribe Milesiini (formerly Sericomyiini), a group whose larvae are known as "rat-tailed maggots" due to their distinctive posterior breathing siphon. Larvae of related Sericomyia species inhabit bog mat pools and other aquatic environments with organic matter. Adults are pollinators that visit flowers for nectar and pollen. The species is poorly documented in public sources, with only five observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the available data.
Sericomyia woodi
Sericomyia woodi is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Nielsen and Vockeroth in 2000. As a member of the genus Sericomyia, it belongs to a group of large, often wasp-mimicking hoverflies commonly known as bog or fen flies due to their typical wetland associations. The species epithet 'woodi' honors Nelson R. Wood, a taxidermist at the U.S. National Museum who collected the type specimen in 1912.
Somula
Somula is a genus of syrphid flies (flower flies) in the family Syrphidae, established by Macquart in 1847. The genus contains at least two described species: Somula decora and Somula mississippiensis. Members of this genus are notable for their wasp-mimicking appearance, particularly resembling yellowjackets or scoliid wasps in coloration and pattern. These flies are part of the diverse mimicry complex found within Syrphidae.
Somula decora
spotted wood fly
Somula decora, commonly called the spotted wood fly, is an uncommon syrphid fly species found in central to eastern North America. Adults are medium-sized, roughly honey bee-sized, with black bodies heavily marked with golden yellow. The species exhibits wasp mimicry, likely resembling scoliid wasps or queen yellowjackets. Larvae develop in decaying wood, while adults visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Sphaerophoria novaeangliae
Black-striped Globetail
Sphaerophoria novaeangliae is a species of syrphid fly, commonly known as the Black-striped Globetail. It belongs to a genus whose members are frequently observed hovering near flowers and are often mistaken for bees or wasps due to their yellow and black coloration. The species was described by Johnson in 1916. As with other Sphaerophoria species, adults are pollinators that visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Sphaerophoria philanthus
Black-footed Globetail
Sphaerophoria philanthus is a species of syrphid fly, commonly known as the Black-footed Globetail. It belongs to the family Syrphidae, a diverse group of flower-visiting flies often called hoverflies due to their ability to remain stationary in flight. The species is documented from Europe, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain limited in available sources. Like other members of the genus Sphaerophoria, it likely exhibits sexual dimorphism in abdominal patterning, a characteristic feature of this group.
Sphecomyia brevicornis
Short-horned Yellowjacket Fly
Sphecomyia brevicornis is a species of syrphid fly (flower fly) notable for its striking mimicry of yellowjacket wasps. It belongs to a small genus of wasp-mimicking flies that exhibit exceptional morphological convergence with vespid wasps. The species was described by Osten Sacken in 1877. Its specific epithet 'brevicornis' refers to the relatively short antennae compared to related species.
Sphecomyia columbiana
Columbian Yellowjacket Fly
Sphecomyia columbiana is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae, described by Vockeroth in 1965. The genus Sphecomyia is known for remarkably convincing wasp mimicry, particularly of yellowjackets. The specific epithet 'columbiana' refers to its known distribution in Canada.
Sphecomyia cryptica
Sphecomyia cryptica is a species of hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) described in 2019 from the genus Sphecomyia, a group of large wasp-mimicking flies in the subtribe Criorhinina. It belongs to the S. pattonii species group, characterized by the absence of pruinose scutellar vittae. The species exhibits distinctive abdominal patterning with pruinose sternites and yellow-banded tergites. As a member of this Holarctic genus, it likely functions as a pollinator in its adult stage. Biological data remain limited due to its recent description.
Sphecomyia dyari
Dyar's Yellowjacket Fly
Sphecomyia dyari is a species of syrphid fly (family Syrphidae) known for its striking resemblance to yellowjacket wasps. It belongs to a genus notable for exceptionally convincing wasp mimicry, including elongated antennae and flight patterns that imitate queen yellowjackets searching for nest sites. The species was described by Shannon in 1925 and is found in the United States. Like other members of its genus, it likely serves as a Batesian mimic, gaining protection from predators by resembling stinging wasps.
Sphecomyia hoguei
Sphecomyia hoguei is a species of syrphid fly (flower fly) described in 2019, belonging to the S. pattonii species group within the genus Sphecomyia. Like other members of its genus, it exhibits wasp mimicry, a characteristic defensive adaptation in this lineage. The species was formally described in a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the world Sphecomyia fauna.
Sphecomyia interrupta
Sphecomyia interrupta is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described in 2019. It is a large wasp mimic within the Holarctic genus Sphecomyia, belonging to the S. vittata species group. The species is characterized by distinctive morphological features including a completely pruinose scutellum without a black posterior rim, an interrupted medial facial vitta, and specific antennal segment proportions. Like other members of subtribe Criorhinina, it likely exhibits Batesian mimicry of stinging wasps.
Sphecomyia metallica
Sphecomyia metallica is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. It is a wasp mimic, part of a diverse group of syrphid flies that have evolved to resemble stinging hymenopterans for protection from predators. The species is known from Canada and the United States. As with many hoverflies, adults likely visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Sphecomyia oraria
Sphecomyia oraria is a species of hoverfly (Syrphidae) described in 2019. It belongs to the S. pattonii species group within the Holarctic genus Sphecomyia, which comprises large wasp-mimicking flies in subtribe Criorhinina. The species exhibits Batesian mimicry of vespid wasps, particularly yellowjackets. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to have larvae that develop in rotting wood or tree holes, though this has not been confirmed for S. oraria specifically.
Sphecomyia pseudosphecomima
Sphecomyia pseudosphecomima is a species of hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) described by Moran in 2019. It belongs to the genus Sphecomyia, a Holarctic group of large wasp-mimicking syrphid flies. The species is placed in the S. pattonii species group, characterized by the absence of pruinose scutellar vittae and broadened fore tarsi. Like other members of its genus, it exhibits Batesian mimicry of vespid wasps, though specific details of its biology remain undocumented.
Sphecomyia vittata
Long-horned Yellowjacket Fly
Sphecomyia vittata is a large, striking syrphid fly known for its exceptional mimicry of yellowjacket wasps. It possesses unusually long, thick antennae for a fly—longer than the head depth in lateral view—which enhances its resemblance to vespid wasps. The species belongs to the S. vittata species group within subtribe Criorhinina, characterized by pruinose scutellar vittae and specific thoracic pruinosity patterns. Adults are flower visitors, though detailed natural history remains poorly documented. The species has a Holarctic distribution with concentration in eastern North America.
Sphecomyia weismani
Sphecomyia weismani is a hoverfly species described in 2019, one of seven new species identified during a comprehensive revision of the genus Sphecomyia. It belongs to the S. pattonii species group, distinguished from other Sphecomyia by the absence of pruinose scutellar vittae. The species is a wasp mimic, exhibiting the characteristic large size and yellow-and-black coloration typical of this Holarctic genus. Like other members of subtribe Criorhinina, it likely develops in decaying wood or rot holes, though specific larval biology remains undocumented.
Sphegina
Pufftails
Sphegina is a genus of small, slender hoverflies (Syrphidae) known as 'pufftails' due to their distinctive appearance in flight. Adults are widespread across Eurasia and North America, typically found in damp, shaded forest habitats near water. The genus exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism in antennal structure and is distinguished from its sister group Neoascia by facial pilosity, katepisternal setation, and antennal proportions. Larvae develop in association with wood-boring insects, utilizing sap flows and decaying cambium in moist conditions.
Sphegina campanulata
Orange-horned Hammertail, Orange-horned Pufftail
Sphegina campanulata is a syrphid fly (hoverfly) species described by Robertson in 1901. It is fairly common in the northeastern United States. The species is known for its distinctive orange-horned appearance and is one of approximately 45 observations documented on iNaturalist. Like other members of the genus Sphegina, it exhibits the characteristic hovering flight ability common to syrphid flies.
Sphiximorpha loewii
Orange Wasp Fly
Sphiximorpha loewii is a rare North American hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly called the Orange Wasp Fly. The species exhibits pronounced wasp mimicry, with an orange and black color pattern that resembles vespid wasps. It is one of the most poorly documented members of the genus Sphiximorpha, with only a handful of verified observations recorded. The genus Sphiximorpha is notable for its highly specialized larval biology, with most species developing as inquilines in the nests of social wasps.
Spilomyia interrupta
Interrupted Hornet Fly
Spilomyia interrupta, commonly known as the Interrupted Hornet Fly, is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. First described by Williston in 1882, this uncommon species is native to western North America, particularly along the California coast. Like other members of the genus Spilomyia, it exhibits remarkable mimicry of yellowjacket wasps, including similar coloration, body shape, and even wingbeat frequency. Adults visit flowers for nectar and pollen, while larvae develop in moist tree rot holes.
Spilomyia kahli
Yellow-tailed Hornet Fly
Spilomyia kahli is a species of hover fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Yellow-tailed Hornet Fly. It is one of approximately 13 North American species in the genus Spilomyia, a group renowned for their exceptional mimicry of yellowjacket wasps. The species was described by Snow in 1895. Like other members of its genus, it likely exhibits sophisticated visual and acoustic mimicry to avoid predation.
Spilomyia texana
Texas Hornet Fly
Spilomyia texana is a hover fly (family Syrphidae) first described from Texas in 1921 by Johnson. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Spilomyia alcimus (Walker, 1849), the Broad-banded Hornet Fly, by major taxonomic databases including GBIF and Catalogue of Life. Like other members of the genus Spilomyia, it is a wasp mimic with yellow and black coloration. The genus contains approximately 13 species in North America, all known for their convincing mimicry of yellowjackets in both appearance and behavior.
Sussaba
Sussaba is a genus of small parasitoid wasps in the family Ichneumonidae, subfamily Diplazontinae. Species are parasitoids of hoverfly (Syrphidae) larvae, with adults typically measuring around 4 mm in forewing length. The genus has a wide geographic distribution spanning Europe, North America, and parts of Asia including India. Sussaba pulchella is the best-studied species, with a published chromosome-level genome assembly.
Sussaba pulchella
Sussaba pulchella is a small ichneumonid wasp in the subfamily Diplazontinae, with forewings approximately 4 mm in length. It is the first species in its genus to have a high-quality genome sequenced, completed as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project. The species is a parasitoid of hoverfly larvae (Diptera: Syrphidae) and has a broad geographic distribution across the Palaearctic, Nearctic, and India.
Syritta
Syritta is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) with approximately 18 recognized species. The genus likely originated in the Afrotropical region, where the majority of species diversity occurs. Only six species are known from the Palearctic region, with two species—S. flaviventris and S. pipiens—occurring in North America, probably introduced by humans. S. pipiens is the most widespread and commonly encountered species, distributed across Eurasia and North America.
Syrphini
hoverflies
Syrphini is a globally distributed tribe of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) comprising approximately 37 recognized genera and hundreds of species. Members exhibit classic hoverfly morphology with compact bodies, large compound eyes, and the characteristic hovering flight behavior. The tribe is taxonomically diverse, with particularly notable patterns in the Neotropical region where species are concentrated in two large, highly diverse genera, contrasting with other zoogeographic regions where moderate-sized genera predominate. The group has been subject to recent taxonomic revision, with eight new genera and multiple subgenera described in recent decades.
Syrphus
Common Flower Flies
Syrphus is a genus of hoverflies in the family Syrphidae, characterized by distinctive calypter morphology. The genus is distinguished from other Syrphini by long hairs on the upper surface of the lower lobe of the calypter, a unique diagnostic feature. Adults are common flower visitors and pollinators, while larvae are primarily aphid predators. The genus includes approximately 20 described species distributed across the Holarctic region, with several species occurring in North America and Europe.
Syrphus attenuatus
Yellow-margined Flower Fly
Syrphus attenuatus is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Hine in 1922. As a member of the subfamily Syrphinae, its larvae are presumed aphid predators, though this specific life history has not been directly documented for this species. The species is known from Norway and Sweden according to distribution records, and is referred to by the common name "Yellow-margined Flower Fly." Like other Syrphus species, adults likely visit flowers for nectar and pollen.
Syrphus knabi
Eastern Flower Fly
Syrphus knabi is an uncommon species of syrphid fly found in eastern North America. Adults are medium-sized hover flies, 7.2–12.9 mm in length, with distinctive yellow and black banded abdomens and sexually dimorphic head coloration. The species is a known aphid predator in its larval stage.
Syrphus vitripennis
Black-thighed Flower Fly
Syrphus vitripennis is a common Holarctic hoverfly (Syrphidae) with distinctive yellow and black wasp-mimicking coloration. Adults are medium-sized (8–11 mm body length, wing length 7.25–10.25 mm) and frequent flowers from March to October, peaking in July–August. Larvae are aphid predators, making this species economically significant for biological control. The species is highly migratory, with documented seasonal movements between latitudes. It is one of five Syrphus species in Britain and can be difficult to distinguish from congeners, particularly S. rectus in males.
Temnostoma excentrica
Black-spotted Falsehorn
A North American syrphid fly remarkable for its elaborate mimicry of solitary mason wasps. The species darkens the leading edge of its wings to simulate the folded wings of vespid wasps and waves its forelegs to imitate wasp antennae. It is one of several Temnostoma species known for pushing Batesian mimicry to exceptional lengths.
Temnostoma obscurum
Hairy-winged Falsehorn
Temnostoma obscurum is a species of syrphid fly (flower fly) in the family Syrphidae. It belongs to a genus known for elaborate wasp mimicry, including darkened wing margins that resemble folded vespid wings and distinctive antennal-mimicking leg movements. The species is found in North America, with records from Canada and the United States. Like other Temnostoma species, it likely exhibits Batesian mimicry of solitary mason wasps (Eumeninae).
Teuchocnemis
Spur Flies
Teuchocnemis is a small genus of North American flower flies (family Syrphidae) commonly known as spur flies. The genus contains two recognized species: T. bacuntius and T. lituratus. Members are placed in the subfamily Eristalinae and tribe Milesiini.
Teuchocnemis bacuntius
Orange Spur Fly
Teuchocnemis bacuntius is a rare species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Orange Spur Fly. Adults are medium-sized hoverflies distinguished by orange coloration and sexually dimorphic leg modifications. The species has been documented in the eastern United States with historical records from Georgia and Texas, though it remains poorly known with larvae undescribed.
Toxomerus
Calligrapher Flies
Toxomerus is a large genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) distributed across the Americas, with over 130 described Neotropical species and additional Nearctic endemics. Species are small (typically 6–9 mm), characterized by large eyes with posterior indentation and diagnostic abdominal patterns. Most larvae are predatory on soft-bodied insects, particularly aphids, though at least three species are known pollen-feeders. Adults are pollinivorous, feeding on nectar and pollen from diverse flowering plants. The genus includes notable ecological specialists such as Toxomerus basalis, a kleptoparasite of sundews (Drosera), and several species introduced to the Afrotropics.
hoverflyflower-flyaphid-predatorpollinatorbiological-controlHymenoptera-mimickleptoparasiteintroduced-speciesNeotropicalNearcticAfrotropical-introductionpolyvoltineSyrphiniSyrphinaeDipteraSyrphidaeToxomerus-marginatusToxomerus-disparToxomerus-pulchellusToxomerus-basalisToxomerus-floralisToxomerus-politusToxomerus-apegiensisDroserasundewpollenivorypredatory-larvaeurban-adapteragricultural-beneficialcryptic-larvaeeye-dimorphismterritorial-behaviorDNA-barcodingcitizen-sciencemuseum-collectionsrange-expansionconservation-concernToxomerus boscii
Thin-lined Calligrapher
Toxomerus boscii is a small syrphid fly commonly known as the Thin-lined Calligrapher. Adults are known pollinators that visit flowers for nectar. The species belongs to a genus whose members were historically assumed to have predatory larvae, though some Toxomerus species have been found to feed on pollen.
Toxomerus corbis
Black-sided Calligrapher
Toxomerus corbis is a small hover fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Black-sided Calligrapher. It is one of approximately 144 species in the genus Toxomerus, a diverse group distributed primarily in the Neotropical region. The genus was historically assumed to have predatory larvae, though some species have been found to feed on pollen. Adults are active pollinators, visiting flowers for nectar.
Toxomerus dispar
Dark-sided Calligrapher
Toxomerus dispar is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Dark-sided Calligrapher. The species was described by Fabricius in 1794. It belongs to the diverse genus Toxomerus, which includes numerous small to medium-sized hoverflies often recognized by their distinctive abdominal patterning. As a member of Syrphidae, this species is likely involved in pollination and may exhibit larval predation on small arthropods, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available sources.
Toxomerus floralis
Florida Calligrapher
Toxomerus floralis is a New World hoverfly (family Syrphidae) native to the Americas, ranging from the southern United States through South America. The species has been introduced to tropical Africa, where it is now established and widespread in West and Central Africa including Togo, Benin, Nigeria, and Cameroon. It represents only the second known established introduction of a non-African hoverfly species in the Afrotropics.
Toxomerus geminatus
Eastern Calligrapher
Toxomerus geminatus, commonly known as the Eastern Calligrapher, is a small hover fly (Syrphidae) native to eastern North America. Adults measure 6.1–7.6 mm and are frequently found hovering around flowers where they feed on nectar and pollen. The species is very similar in appearance to the Western Calligrapher (Toxomerus occidentalis). Larvae are predators of aphids and mites, contributing to biological control in agricultural and natural settings.
Toxomerus jussiaeae
Orange-backed Calligrapher
Toxomerus jussiaeae is a species of hover fly in the family Syrphidae, first described by Vigé in 1939. It belongs to the genus Toxomerus, a diverse group of small syrphid flies with over 144 species in the Neotropics. The species is known by the common name "Orange-backed Calligrapher." Like other members of its genus, it is likely a pollinator as an adult, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
Toxomerus marginatus
Margined Calligrapher, Margined Calligrapher Fly
Toxomerus marginatus is a common North American hoverfly (Syrphidae) measuring 5–6 mm. Adults are frequent flower visitors, while larvae are predatory on thrips, aphids, and small caterpillars. The species has been documented as the most numerous syrphid controlling aphids in California Central Coast lettuce fields. It exhibits strong attraction to methyl salicylate, a floral compound and herbivore-induced plant volatile.
Toxomerus mutuus
Toxomerus mutuus is a small hover fly (family Syrphidae) in the tribe Syrphini, first described by Thomas Say in 1829. Adults are active pollinators that visit flowers for nectar and pollen. The genus Toxomerus is highly diverse in the Neotropics with over 144 species, though this species occurs in North America. Larval biology for most Toxomerus species remains poorly documented, with some species known to be pollen feeders and others predatory.
Toxomerus parvulus
Black-backed Calligrapher
Toxomerus parvulus is a small hover fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Black-backed Calligrapher. The genus Toxomerus is exceptionally diverse in the Neotropics, with over 144 species, though many remain understudied. Larval feeding habits in this genus have historically been assumed to be predatory, but some species have been discovered to feed on pollen, indicating dietary diversity within the genus.
Toxomerus verticalis
Banded Calligrapher
Toxomerus verticalis is a species of syrphid fly commonly known as the Banded Calligrapher. It belongs to the genus Toxomerus, a group of small hover flies noted for their bee-mimicking appearance and ecological versatility. The species was described by Curran in 1927. As a member of the Syrphidae family, adults are likely pollinators, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in available sources.
Trichopsomyia
Trichopsomyia is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) established by Williston in 1888. The genus contains approximately 30 described species distributed across multiple continents. Adults are typical hoverflies with large compound eyes and a single pair of wings. Larvae are flattened, legless, and aphid predators. The genus belongs to the tribe Pipizini within subfamily Eristalinae.
Trichopsomyia banksi
White-faced Psyllid-killer
Trichopsomyia banksi is an uncommon species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) found across North America. Adults are known as flower flies and visit flowers for nectar and pollen. The species has earned the common name "white-faced psyllid killer" though the specific larval biology of this species remains undocumented. Other members of the genus Trichopsomyia are known predators of psyllids, aphids, and Phylloxera.
Tropidia
flower flies, hover flies
Tropidia is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) containing approximately 20 species distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. These flower flies are characterized by their distinctive wing venation and often bold color patterns. The genus includes four species recorded from Northeastern North America, with Tropidia albistylum recently documented in Canada. Species in this genus are typically found in forested habitats and are associated with flowers for nectar feeding.
Tropidia quadrata
Common Thick-leg Fly, Common Thickleg Fly
Tropidia quadrata is a species of hoverfly (Syrphidae) found across north-central North America. Adults are commonly observed on flowers, where they feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae are aquatic, a distinctive trait within the family. The species is notable for its thickened hind legs, which give rise to its common name.
Victoriana
Victoriana is a genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) described by Miranda in 2020. The genus belongs to the tribe Syrphini within the subfamily Syrphinae. As a recently described taxon, biological and ecological information remains limited. The genus is known from observations and taxonomic records but detailed species-level accounts are not yet widely published.
Xanthogramma
Harlequin Flies
Xanthogramma is a genus of medium-sized hoverflies (Syrphidae) commonly known as harlequin flies. Most species exhibit black and yellow coloration with somewhat wasp-like appearance. Larvae are aphidophagous predators, feeding on aphid populations in agricultural and natural ecosystems. Adults visit flowers but do not share the predatory habits of larvae. The genus occurs across the Palaearctic region including Europe, Asia, and North Africa.
Xylota angustiventris
Two-spotted Leafwalker
Xylota angustiventris is an uncommon syrphid fly species found in northeastern North America. Adults are medium-sized hover flies measuring 12.2–14.4 mm, predominantly black with two distinct yellow spots on the abdomen in males. The species belongs to the genus Xylota, whose larvae typically develop in decaying wood or tree holes where they feed on sap or decaying organic matter rather than being predatory. Adults are associated with flowers where they feed on nectar and pollen.
Xylota annulifera
Longspine Leafwalker
Xylota annulifera, described by Bigot in 1884, is an uncommon syrphid fly occurring across Canada and the eastern United States. Adults are medium-sized hover flies measuring 7.5–11.8 mm, characterized by black bodies with yellow abdominal spots. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae develop under bark in sap runs, though specific larval biology for this species is not well documented. Adults feed on nectar and pollen from flowers, typical of the Syrphidae family.
Xylota bicolor
Eastern Orange-tailed Leafwalker
Xylota bicolor is a rare species of syrphid fly found across the eastern half of North America. Adults are medium-sized hover flies with distinctive black bodies and orange abdomens. Unlike many flower flies, adults rarely visit flowers, instead feeding on pollen from leaf surfaces. The larvae develop under bark in sap runs of deciduous trees.