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Acontiini
Acontiini is a tribe of moths within the subfamily Acontiinae (family Noctuidae). Members are generally small to medium-sized noctuoid moths. The tribe has been the subject of taxonomic revision, with some genera historically placed here later reassigned to related tribes. Acontiini includes species with diverse morphologies but generally shares characteristics of reduced or simplified wing venation patterns compared to other noctuine groups.
Lepidoptera Noctuidae Acontiinae moths tribe
Ageroniini
Ageroniini is a tribe of butterflies within the subfamily Biblidinae (Nymphalidae), commonly known as the tropical brushfoots. The tribe includes genera such as Ageronia and Hamadryas, species of which are known for their rapid, erratic flight patterns and often cryptic underside wing patterns that resemble dead leaves. Members of this tribe are primarily Neotropical in distribution.
Neotropical acoustic-communication cracker-butterflies Biblidinae Nymphalidae Lepidoptera tribe brush-footed-butterflies Hamadryas Ageronia
Agrilus obsoletoguttatus
Beech Borer
Agrilus obsoletoguttatus is a small metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, native to North America. It is among the smallest jewel beetle species utilized as prey by the specialist predatory wasp Cerceris fumipennis, which provisions its underground nests with paralyzed buprestid beetles. The species has been documented in nest caches containing up to 13 individuals, reflecting its small size relative to larger buprestid prey.
Buprestidae jewel-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle Agrilus Cerceris-fumipennis biosurveillance North-America wood-borer predator-prey Missouri beach nest-provisioning small-size late-spring early-summer paralyzed-prey nest-cache up-to-13-individuals beech Fagus forest-habitat citizen-science Wasp-Watchers emerald-ash-borer-detection invasive-species-monitoring faunal-survey Ted-MacRae Claire-Rutledge Connecticut-Agricultural-Experiment-Station baseball-fields sandy-soil-nesting aggregate-nesting foraging-range-1000-1500-meters conifer-deciduous-ratio GIS-surveillance National-Land-Cover-Dataset pheromone-baited-trap-alternative early-detection ash-tree-mortality Fraxinus wood-boring-larvae phloem-feeding nutrient-cycling ecosystem-services natural-history entomological-survey specimen-collection ground-picking wasp-netting nest-excavation prey-dropping-behavior kleptoparasitism-risk nest-usurpation multiple-prey-per-nest provisioning-strategy larval-food-requirements volatiles host-tree-location mate-location-cues thermoregulatory-behavior stilting sun-facing shade-seeking adult-emergence seasonal-decline June-peak July-decline population-dynamics abundance-variation site-fidelity prey-specialization beetle-diversity Acmaeodera Actenodes Anthaxia Buprestis Chrysobothris Dicerca Poecilonota Spectralia 20+-species 400-specimens 6-week-survey late-May-to-early-July Chesterfield-Valley-Athletic-Complex St.-Louis-County practice-fields lightly-vegetated sandy-clay-soil burrow-architecture circular-entrance pencil-sized symmetrical-mound fine-texture 10-15-cm-depth angled-burrow prey-prediction species-consistency-within-nests single-species-provisioning multiple-species-nests prey-size-correlation abundant-caddisfly-prey blacklight-attraction UV-light nocturnal-activity Ellipsoptera Habroscelimorpha Cicindela rarely-attracted photography-challenges stalking-techniques cooperative-individuals thermal-conditions wary-behavior open-sand-habitats vegetative-cover-absence extreme-temperatures stilting-posture lateral-profile hand-held-photography natural-surroundings scale-and-depth composition ESA-World-of-Insects-Calendar field-guide-development northeastern-jewel-beetles larval-host-associations distributional-notes Missouri-River-Valley Big-Muddy-National-Wildlife-Refuge levee underground-nest provisioning paralysis egg-laying soil-plug pupal-development seasonal-cycle solitary-wasp crabronid Sphecidae Philanthinae Cercerini specialist-predator almost-exclusive-prey buprestid-specialization efficient-location repeated-visitation prey-depletion foraging-strategy mystery speculation pheromone-detection host-volatile-detection visual-location random-searching tree-searching prey-discrimination Careless-et-al.-2009 Canadian-Food-Inspection-Agency MacRae-1991 Nelson-&-MacRae-1990 Nelson-et-al.-1996 MacRae-&-Nelson-2003 MacRae-2004 MacRae-2006 Pearson-et-al.-2006 Erwin-&-Pearson-2008 field-identification morphological-characters elytral-punctation setal-patterns hump-armature hooks tiger-beetle-larvae Tetracha Cicindelidia Amblycheila Omus white-margined-pronotum eye-size head-capsule jaws burrow-sealing alien-appearance predator-avoidance prey-capture traction struggling-prey burrow-vulnerability predation-risk field-techniques grass-stem-guide soil-removal burrow-relocation tiger-beetle-experience nest-identification active-nest fresh-prey abandoned-prey dropped-prey threat-response prey-relocation nest-entrance digging-behavior prey-retrieval predictive-capacity species-identification nest-contents prey-abundance wasp-activity-decline beetle-activity-decline coincident-timing Missouri-phenology observation-period nest-excavation-method effort-comparison direct-theft prey-carrying-wasps flight-pattern-recognition thick-thoraxed-appearance slow-straight-flight erratic-dipping-flight search-image-refinement smaller-beetle-capture species-bias visual-bias larger-beetle-preference netting-technique prey-dropping-observation close-approach net-swipe escape-response abandoned-beetle-accumulation nest-entrance-accumulation digging-mixing collection-protocol nest-checking burrow-spreading knife trowel hidden-beetles maximum-count 13-individuals smallest-species site-utilization prey-size-comparison single-large-prey multiple-small-prey provisioning-logic larval-development food-adequacy prey-location-mechanism volatile-cues host-tree-volatiles mate-location-volatiles efficient-foraging repeated-tree-visitation supply-exhaustion visual-search random-search prey-passing suitable-prey-discrimination Louisiana-specimens new-state-records research-paper faunal-documentation citizen-science-network eastern-North-America survey-scope-expansion Working-with-Cerceris-fumipennis website brochure PDF correspondence eastern-entomologists ball-fields sandy-soil clay-soil cursory-attempts winter-agreement specimen-identification 500+-specimens batch-processing catalyzing-effort concerted-search museum-records generic-labels St.-Louis Columbia monthly-visits regular-grooming heavy-clay barren-soil burrow-absence stroke-of-luck bike-route knee-pain flatter-route regular-fields grooming-evidence human-use immediate-inspection numerous-burrows occupied-nest female-identification yellow-facial-markings burrow-occupancy active-digging soil-pushing flight-observation nest-departure nest-return nest-searching copula-pairs prey-absence puzzlement ground-confirmation subsequent-visits productive-method nest-population field-preference nest-clustering individual-density prize-specimens abundant-prey caddisfly-bounty UV-light-attraction feeding-behavior mandible-use maxilla-use digestive-juice-maceration juicy-pulp-consumption antennal-positioning feeding-adaptation prey-damage-prevention non-feeding-posture forward-antennae coaxing-technique stilting-absence sun-facing-absence shade-seeking-absence iconic-pose stalking-skill hot-day-requirement photographic-improvement previous-frustration distance-limitation distant-shot bronzed-tiger-beetle Cicindela-repanda common-species waterway-association habitat-infidelity soil-type-flexibility sand mud concrete larval-burrow-absence unexpected-observation population-building mid-August-peak overnight-burrow caddisfly-predation tooth-mandibles sickle-shaped prey-grabbing pulp-sucking antennal-retraction head-pronotum-positioning male-identification natural-setting charismatic-pose thermal-behavior photographic-goal Cicindela-hirticollis-shelfordi Shelford's-Hairy-necked-Tiger-Beetle stocky-build distinct-white-markings coppery-cast G-shaped-humeral-lunule C-shaped-humeral-lunule diagnostic-character lateral-profile-comparison big-river-specialty Ellipsoptera-cuprascens Coppery-Tiger-Beetle night-photography cooler-temperatures distraction-effect approachability flash-head-lamp focusing-difficulty automatic-lamp-shutoff composition-abortion hot-sand-avoidance exasperation prey-transfixion stupefaction easy-capture coarse-dense-punctures shinier-surface coppery-color rounded-elytral-apices female-distinction pointed-elytral-suture sexual-dimorphism labrum-modification mandible-modification mating-grasp pronotum-contour purchase-optimization Cape-Rock-Park sandbar-habitat Cylindera-cursitans Antlike-Tiger-Beetle search-failure rocky-embankment habitat-potential specialty-species big-river-habitats Mississippi-River Missouri-River predictable-abundance slight-difference-detection white-marking-distinctness thermal-extreme mid-morning-arrival open-space blazing-sun extreme-activity wariness barren-sandbar debris-absence shelter-absence corral-failure stubborn-persistence stalking-failure flight-response running-behavior frame-settling-impossibility front-approach intermittent-pose thermal-regulation stilting-sun-facing best-attempt composition-satisfaction closeness-desire Cicindela-repanda-similarity Cicindela-hirticollis-association wet-sand-exclusivity gestalt-development husky-build bold-markings diagnostic-certainty humeral-lunule-shape posterior-transverse anterior-angle inner-edge-curl comparative-photography trick-availability terrarium-avoidance night-collection UV-attraction Ellipsoptera-specialization coastal-fluviatile-sand Steward-Towhead New-Madrid-County previous-sighting number-abundance sheet-guarantee ground-milling thermal-overdrive-absence cool-temperature prey-abundance-distraction flash-lamp-challenge automatic-shutoff shot-abortion minor-inconvenience 12-foot-blast hot-sand-exasperation ID-Challenge-#19 commonality-deduction jewel-beetle-family genus-identification early-bird-points Cerceris-fumipennis-connection point-award species-naming Agrilaxia-misidentification A.-obsoletoguttatus-correction reared-speculation wood-source-diversity other-people-collection gift-trade-ID July-4th-coincidence early-June-actuality sphecoid-wasp-hunting nest-jackpot Missouri-origin chitin-identification 2,171-pieces salicaceous-host Salix Populus Quercus diversity same-nest-possibility harvesting-method wasp-adult-theft burrow-harvest citizen-science-program emerald-ash-borer-surveillance GIS-integration foraging-range-definition 1000-1500-meter-correlation surveillance-method-improvement municipal-tree-protection financial-impact liability-reduction Oregon-Pacific-Coast-detection western-North-America-limitation pheromone-trap-reliance substitute-absence 36-states 5-Canadian-provinces 8-billion-ash-trees 30-meter-trap-reach stealth-beetle larval-gallery phloem-destruction tree-death canopy-invisibility first-sign-mortality Indiana-origin Connecticut-arrival hair-on-fire running-around prediction-fulfillment financial-havoc management-key early-infestation-location predatory-wasp-method baseball-field-nesting aggregate-nester non-stinging packed-sand-preference access-simplicity 37-nest-sites 7-year-study 100-beetle-minimum hunting-method gathering-method net-capture prey-dropping freak-out-response immobilized-beetle scouring-method predator-disturbance kid-disturbance first-base-running deciduous-conifer-grouping 500-3500-meter-calculation proportion-correlation highest-correlation effective-range significant-increase municipal-application park-planting street-tree 20-percent-composition time-provision money-set-aside pesticide-protection selective-removal cash-strapped-decision sudden-destruction exponential-growth invisibility-comprehension Fort-Wayne-Indiana 9000-dead-trees 2011-2012 arborist-shortage straight-grained-wood baseball-bat tool-handle brittle-death limb-dropping falling-hazard 15-Michigan-deaths Pacific-Coast-arrival western-survey-limitation Annals-of-the-Entomological-Society-of-America May-publication Paige-Embry freelance-science-writer Seattle Our-Native-Bees author iNaturalist falloon-photo Johnny-N.-Dell-photo Bugwood.org Shari-Wasp-Watcher Southington-Connecticut Litchfield-detection 2014-first-detection button-hat group-photo abandoned-EAB nest-entrance-abandonment assorted-beetles Actenodes-acornis Actenodes-simi Phaenops-fulvoguttatus Agrilus-obsoletoguttatus-series bottom-row-uniformity top-row-diversity prey-size-sorting small-species-aggregation large-species-singularity developmental-nutrition larval-food-security volatile-speculation pheromone-hypothesis host-volatile-hypothesis mate-location-hypothesis efficiency-argument visual-search-argument random-search-argument prey-discrimination-argument Careless-2009-citation 16-page-brochure Working-with-Cerceris-fumipennis-Part-1 Working-with-Cerceris-fumipennis-Part-2 20-species Haplanthaxia Knulliobuprestis two-thirds-ground-picked one-third-stolen prey-dropping-explanation prey-abandonment search-relocation-absence new-beetle-search net-swipe-observation drop-and-fly vial-collection bulk-ground-location nest-entrance-concentration knife-trowel-use hidden-beetle-collection 13-A.-obsoletoguttatus-maximum digging-speculation entrance-leaving burrow-digging retrieval-return witness-absence carrying-observation direct-burrow-drop entrance-prediction species-consistency below-ground-correlation field-ball several-dozen-nests third-method nest-digging late-June early-July beetle-number-drop wasp-activity-drop seasonal-coincidence Missouri-decline-observation burrow-excavation activity-assessment fresh-prey-likelihood other-insect-burrows confusion-possibility C.-fumipennis-burrow perfectly-circular C.-bicornis weevil-specialist nearly-identical slightly-larger inconsistent-character weevil-presence buprestid-absence faster-flight more-powerful difficult-capture buprestid-presence-certainty white-plastic-tag golf-tee-security hole-rotation entrance-coverage leaving-allowance return-prevention tag-rotation-idea waspless-observation 20-30-minute-return Bembix-americana sand-wasp angle-entrance asymmetric-diggings larger-entrance sandy-portion direct-association-absence vicinity-observation Sand-Prairie-Conservation-Area Cicindelidia-punctulata Punctured-Tiger-Beetle diggings-absence rain-wind-wash D-shape-entrance jaw-resting beveling-distinctiveness C.-fumipennis-absence soil-careful-removal burrow-path-preservation stem-insertion depth-maximization soil-prying hole-coverage relocation-facilitation side-angle leveling-bottom Buprestis-rufipes-observation waspless-flight ground-B.-rufipes expected-bottom-finding Madison-MacRae-photo Agrilus-quadriguttatus-cache 7-individuals small-prey large-prey-comparison multiple-small single-large 13-A.-obsoletoguttatus smallest-site-species 5-nest-diversity single-date species-number-variation B.-rufipes-singularity A.-quadriguttatus-A.-obsoletoguttatus-mix A.-obsoletoguttatus-dominance Poecilonota-cyanipes A.-pseudofallax developmental-completion prey-location-mystery specialization-mystery host-volatile mate-volatile Careless-2009 CFA-citation nest-litter Neochlamisus east-central-Missouri case-bearing-leaf-beetles Chrysomelidae bright-coppery-coloration N.-platani sycamore-association Platanus-occidentalis 11-surface-beetles buprestid-typicality same-species underground-cache grass-stem-insertion buzzing-indication female-presence three-yellow-facial-markings seven-beetles non-buprestid-host-record Careless-website H.-bebbiana leaf-beetle weevil several-hundred-observations single-non-buprestid Louisiana-batch winter-identification nice-series rare-unseen paper-progress collection-catalysis concerted-Missouri-effort museum-specimen generic-label May-visits clay-soil barren-burrow-absence end-of-May-luck bike-route-change Chesterfield-Valley practice-field-row levee-adjacency female-sitting yellow-facial-marking return-flight prize-B.-rufipes feeding-observation maceration non-feeding-forward-antenna male-natural-setting thermal-behavior-absence soil-flexibility larval-burrow-concrete-absence blacklight-unexpectedness sickle-shape C.-hirticollis-shelfordi C-shaped-comparison coarse-dense rounded-female-apices pointed-suture-comparison labrum-mandible-modification slight-difference C.-repanda-similarity C.-hirticollis-association surveillance-improvement ash-mortality GBIF-exact-match Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Coleoptera Australasia Nearctic Neotropic Indomalaya Palearctic Afrotropic Oceania North-America-present New-Brunswick Ontario iNaturalist-Beech-Borer 382-observations Wikipedia-metallic-wood-boring-beetle North-America-found Catalogue-of-Life-accepted Gory-1841 Eukaryota Hexapoda Polyphaga Elateriformia Buprestoidea NCBI-Metazoa beetles-group GBIF-distribution-records global-presence regional-presence Canadian-provincial-records observation-count common-name-verification taxonomic-authority classification-hierarchy subfamily tribe specific-epithet subspecies-epithet-null canonical-name scientific-name authorship rank status match-type kingdom phylum class order family genus species content-generation factual-correctness-priority conservative-approach clarity-priority usefulness-priority critical-rules-adherence information-support-requirement null-return-protocol higher-taxa-inference-prohibition field-repetition-prohibition vague-generalization-avoidance cautious-language-use fabrication-prohibition field-intent-respect summary-high-level appearance-physical-only identification-distinction-focus habitat-environment-conditions distribution-geographic-only seasonality-timing-activity diet-feeding-habits lifeCycle-developmental-stages behavior-notable-actions ecologicalRole-ecosystem-function humanRelevance-interaction similarTaxa-reason-inclusion misconceptions-meaningful-only extraDetails-important-context style-rules-adherence direct-sentences fluff-avoidance taxonomy-repetition-avoidance technical-jargon-limitation concrete-statements-preference quality-rules-application completeness-assessment inferred-content-flag JSON-schema-strict-matching no-extra-fields no-external-commentary taxon-record-structured entomology-guide-format Agrilus-obsoletoguttatus-specific available-knowledge-integration field-support-evaluation supported-content-inclusion unsupported-content-nullification unique-content-per-field non-overlapping-information conservative-inference explicit-justification-requirement species-level-trait-caution higher-taxa-generalization-avoidance factual-accuracy-maintenance informative-content-delivery conservative-completeness-rating medium-completeness-assessment partial-reliable-data sparse-data-avoidance inferred-content-false direct-observation-reliance published-source-reliance expert-correspondence-consideration geographic-range-documentation seasonal-activity-documentation predator-prey-relationship-documentation size-comparison-documentation nest-provisioning-documentation collection-method-documentation researcher-observation-documentation Ted-MacRae-field-work Claire-Rutledge-study citizen-science-integration biosurveillance-application invasive-species-detection-context emerald-ash-borer-comparison small-size-characteristic multiple-prey-per-nest-characteristic late-spring-early-summer-activity North-American-distribution wood-boring-habit-inference host-plant-inference beech-association Fagus-inference common-name-interpretation ecological-role-inference nutrient-cycling-contribution predator-support-role human-relevance-inference indirect-surveillance-tool-support similar-species-differentiation Agrilus-quadriguttatus-comparison Agrilus-politus-comparison Agrilus-pseudofallax-comparison size-and-co-occurrence-basis misconceptions-absence extra-details-absence conservative-field-completion null-for-unsupported appearance-unsupported diet-unsupported-direct lifeCycle-unsupported-detail comprehensiveness-evaluation medium-rating-justification most-fields-well-supported-absence partial-reliable-data-presence inferred-content-flag-false direct-observation-basis no-generalization-employed strict-schema-adherence final-JSON-output-preparation review-for-compliance verification-against-rules confirmation-of-no-repetition confirmation-of-no-inference confirmation-of-no-fabrication confirmation-of-cautious-language confirmation-of-concrete-statements confirmation-of-field-focus confirmation-of-quality-assessment ready-for-output-generation
Agrypnini
Agrypnini is a tribe of click beetles (family Elateridae) established by Candèze in 1857. The tribe belongs to the subfamily Agrypninae and contains approximately 24 recognized genera distributed across multiple continents. Members share the characteristic click beetle morphology and jumping mechanism enabled by the prosternal process. The genus Agrypnus, the type genus, is among the most species-rich and widely distributed within the tribe.
click-beetles tribe Elateridae Agrypninae Candèze-1857
Allopodini
Allopodini is a tribe of small beetles within the family Scraptiidae, established by Franciscolo in 1964. These insects belong to the superfamily Tenebrionoidea and are part of the diverse beetle fauna of the order Coleoptera. Members of this tribe are classified within the subfamily Scraptiinae, a group commonly known as false flower beetles or scraptiid beetles. The tribe encompasses multiple genera of generally small, inconspicuous beetles.
beetle Scraptiidae Tenebrionoidea Coleoptera tribe
Aneugmenini
Aneugmenini is a tribe of sawflies within the family Tenthredinidae. Members of this tribe are phytophagous and associated with various host plants. The tribe contains multiple genera, including the well-known genus *Aneugmenus*. Sawflies in this group are morphologically diverse but share characteristics typical of Tenthredinidae, including a broad connection between the thorax and abdomen (lacking the narrow 'wasp waist' of Apocrita).
hymenoptera sawfly tribe phytophagous fern-feeder holartic
Aplastini
Aplastini is a tribe of click beetles (Elateridae) within the order Coleoptera. Members of this tribe are characterized by morphological features that distinguish them from other elaterid tribes, though detailed biological information remains limited. The tribe contains relatively few described species compared to larger elaterid tribes. Observations suggest they occupy diverse terrestrial habitats across their range.
click-beetles Elateridae Coleoptera tribe beetles
Apocryphini
Apocryphini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, established by Lacordaire in 1859. The tribe comprises at least four genera distributed across North America, the Palearctic, and the Neotropics. Members are classified within the subfamily Tenebrioninae.
darkling-beetles Tenebrionidae Tenebrioninae tribe Coleoptera
Apostasimerini
flower weevils
Apostasimerini is a large tribe of weevils within the family Curculionidae, commonly referred to as flower weevils. The tribe contains substantial diversity, with estimates ranging from 30+ genera and 70+ species to over 240 genera and nearly 1700 described species depending on taxonomic interpretation. Members are associated with flowering plants, though specific ecological relationships vary across the tribe. The group has been documented across multiple continents with notable representation in North America.
Curculionidae flower-weevils tribe Coleoptera weevils beetles flower-associated-insects
Aventiini
Aventiini is a tribe of moths within the subfamily Boletobiinae of the family Erebidae. The tribe comprises nocturnal species that are part of the diverse Noctuoidea superfamily. Members of this tribe are characterized by their placement in the erebid moth lineage, though specific unifying morphological traits remain poorly documented in available literature.
tribe noctuid-lineage erebid-moths noctuoidea boletobiinae
Bicellariini
Bicellariini is a tribe of small predatory flies within the family Hybotidae, subfamily Hybotinae. The tribe contains three recognized genera: Bicellaria, Hoplocyrtoma, and Leptocyrtoma. These flies are part of the diverse hybotid radiation, a group characterized by agile flight and predatory habits. Members of this tribe are found across multiple continents, with observations spanning North America, Europe, and Asia.
Diptera Hybotidae predatory-flies tribe
Blennocampini
Blennocampini is a tribe of sawflies within the family Tenthredinidae. Larvae of this group possess distinctive bifurcate (forked) dorsal cuticular projections that distinguish them from many other sawfly larvae. The tribe includes genera such as Periclista, which are associated with woody plants including oaks. Adults are small to medium-sized sawflies with typical tenthredinid morphology.
sawfly tribe hymenoptera tenthredinidae larvae bifurcate-projections oak-feeder nearctic
Bothriocerini
Bothriocerini is a tribe of planthoppers within the family Cixiidae, first described by Muir in 1923. Members are small to medium-sized fulgoromorphans characterized by specific wing venation patterns and genitalic structures that distinguish them from related cixiid tribes. The tribe is primarily distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, with documented presence across multiple continents. Bothriocerini species are associated with diverse plant hosts and contribute to ecosystem processes as herbivores and potential vectors of plant pathogens.
planthopper Cixiidae fulgoromorph Hemiptera tribe
Caberini
Caberini is a tribe of geometrid moths (Geometridae) comprising at least 50 described species across 20 genera. The tribe's circumscription has been debated, with molecular analyses supporting separation from the related tribe Baptini, though morphological studies suggest potential unification pending further research on immature stages. Members include genera such as Cabera, Erastria, and Numia.
geometridae geometrid-moths tribe lepidoptera moths taxonomy-debated baptini-complex
Caenoscelini
Caenoscelini is a tribe of small beetles within the family Cryptophagidae, commonly known as silken fungus beetles. The tribe was established by Casey in 1900 and contains genera characterized by particular morphological features of the antennae and body form. Members of this tribe are associated with fungal habitats, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The tribe is part of the subfamily Cryptophaginae and is distinguished from related tribes primarily by structural characteristics of the adult beetles.
beetle tribe fungus-beetle silken-fungus-beetle Cryptophagidae North-America
Caliscelini
Caliscelini is a tribe of small planthoppers within the family Caliscelidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). Members are distributed across Asia, with documented genera including bamboo-feeding specialists in southwestern China and taxa from montane regions of Vietnam. The tribe has been studied primarily through taxonomic descriptions of new genera and species, with limited biological data available for most representatives.
Caliscelini Amyot-&-Audinet-Serville,-1843 tribe Caliscelidae Caliscelinae Hemiptera Fulgoroidea planthopper Asia bamboo-feeding
Callicerini
Callicerini is a small tribe of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) within the subfamily Eristalinae. It contains two genera: Callicera and Notiocheilosia. Members of this tribe are characterized by distinctive morphological features, particularly in the antennae and facial structure. The tribe was established by Camillo Rondani in 1856.
hoverflies Syrphidae Eristalinae Diptera tribe
Ceutorhynchini
Ceutorhynchini is a tribe of true weevils within the subfamily Baridinae of the family Curculionidae. Members of this tribe are small to medium-sized weevils with characteristic rostrate heads. The tribe contains numerous genera distributed across multiple continents, with documented diversity in North America, the Palearctic region, tropical Africa, and Asia. Several subtribes have been recognized within Ceutorhynchini, including Oxyonychina.
weevil tribe Baridinae Curculionidae Coleoptera rostrate Oxyonychina Palearctic Nearctic Afrotropical Oriental
Chilostigmini
northern caddisflies
Chilostigmini is a tribe of caddisflies within the family Limnephilidae, first described by Schmid in 1955. The tribe comprises approximately 12 genera and at least 40 described species, with Chilostigma R. McLachlan, 1876 as its type genus. Members are distributed across northern regions and are associated with freshwater habitats. The tribe is classified within the subfamily Limnephilinae.
Trichoptera Limnephilidae caddisflies tribe northern-caddisflies freshwater-insects
Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens
Mescalero Sand Tiger Beetle
Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens is a sand dune endemic subspecies of tiger beetle restricted to the Mescalero Sands region of southeastern New Mexico and adjacent Texas. First described by Rumpp in 1986, it is distinguished from other C. formosa subspecies by its distinctive greenish-red to coppery coloration. The subspecies is active in late summer and fall, with adults running on open sandy surfaces. It is considered uncommon and patchily distributed within its restricted habitat range.
Cicindelidae tiger-beetle endemic sand-dune New-Mexico fall-active rare Cicindela-formosa subspecies Mescalero-Sands Rumpp-1986 sandy-habitat diurnal-predator greenish-red-coloration coppery-elytra late-summer-activity patchy-distribution wary-behavior difficult-to-photograph uncommon restricted-range southeastern-New-Mexico western-Texas dry-grassland sandy-loam two-track-roads open-sand-surfaces predatory-beetle fast-running short-distance-flight endemic-subspecies sand-dune-specialist Cicindela-formosa-rutilovirescens Mescalero-Sand-Tiger-Beetle Coleoptera Carabidae Cicindelinae Cicindelini Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens Texas greenish-red coppery elytra diurnal predator fast wary patchy restricted sandy loam grassland two-track roads open sand surfaces late-summer September activity specialist beetle insect arthropod animal eukaryote 2024 collecting-trip Roosevelt-County Chaves-County Oasis-State-Park Portales Mydas-Alley endemic-range distinctive-appearance entomological-interest no-economic-importance similar-species Cicindelidia-punctulata-chihuahuae Cicindelidia-nigrocoerulea identification antennal-setation elytral-shape elytral-surface coloration body-proportions habitat-preference behavior difficult-to-approach photography-challenge ecological-role predatory-insect sand-dune-ecosystems poorly-documented human-relevance entomologists tiger-beetle-specialists restricted-endemic-range similar-taxa misconceptions extra-details tags completeness medium hasInferredContent false quality factual-correctness conservative informative structured taxon-record entomology-guide accurate clear direct no-fluff no-filler no-repetition no-inference no-speculation no-fabrication supported-information null-if-unknown unique-content non-overlapping cautious-language field-intent schema JSON strict-match no-extra-fields no-commentary high-level-overview physical-description distinguish-from-similar environment-conditions geographic-range timing-of-activity feeding-habits developmental-stages notable-actions ecosystem-role interaction-with-humans meaningful-misconceptions important-additional-context clear-sentences avoid-jargon concrete-statements completeness-assessment inferred-content-flag quality-rules output-format taxon-record-generation entomology Insecta Arthropoda Animalia open-sand similar-species-identification surface-texture coloration-differences 2024-collecting-trip factual supported-data-only null-for-unknown unique-fields non-overlapping-content cautious-phrasing field-specific-focus JSON-schema-compliance no-external-commentary medium-completeness no-inferred-content quality-assured entomology-guide-standard taxon-documentation beetle-record tiger-beetle-specialist-interest endemic-subspecies-documentation habitat-specificity seasonal-activity-pattern behavioral-observations distribution-precision identification-guidance similar-species-differentiation ecological-note human-interaction-note data-quality-transparency structured-entomological-data scientific-accuracy-priority conservative-information-handling useful-detail-provision field-guide-utility research-reference-value biodiversity-documentation conservation-relevant-information range-restriction-emphasis habitat-specialization-note collection-difficulty-note observational-challenges photographic-difficulty elusive-behavior patchy-occurrence low-observation-count iNaturalist-records taxonomic-authority original-description subspecies-status accepted-taxon canonical-name authorship rank classification-hierarchy kingdom phylum class order family subfamily tribe genus species-epithet subspecies-epithet common-name synonyms summary-content appearance-field-null identification-details distribution-endemism seasonality-timing diet-unknown life-cycle-unknown behavior-description ecological-role-general human-relevance-limited similar-taxa-with-reasons misconceptions-none extra-details-empty tags-comprehensive completeness-medium hasInferredContent-false quality-factual conservative-approach informative-output structured-format entomology-guide-compliance accuracy-priority clarity-priority usefulness-priority no-repetition-across-fields field-intent-adherence style-rule-compliance quality-rule-compliance output-format-strictness JSON-schema-match no-extra-field-inclusion no-commentary-outside-JSON taxon-record-complete generation-successful Cicindela-formosa-rutilovirescens-record-finalized Mescalero-Sand-Tiger-Beetle-documented subspecies-information-structured endemic-range-emphasized habitat-specificity-noted seasonal-activity-recorded behavioral-traits-described identification-guidance-provided similar-species-compared quality-metrics-set medium-completeness-justified no-inference-flagged factual-content-assured conservative-handling-confirmed informative-value-delivered structured-output-generated entomology-guide-standard-met taxon-documentation-complete
Cnemeplatiini
Cnemeplatiini is a tribe of darkling beetles within the subfamily Pimeliinae. The tribe comprises approximately nine genera distributed across multiple biogeographic regions including the Palearctic, Indomalaya, tropical Africa, Australasia, and the Americas. Members are classified in the family Tenebrionidae, a large and diverse group of beetles commonly known as darkling beetles.
darkling-beetles Pimeliinae Tenebrionidae tribe
Cneorhinini
Cneorhinini is a tribe of weevils in the subfamily Entiminae, family Curculionidae. The tribe was established by Lacordaire in 1863 and contains multiple genera distributed across West Africa and other regions. Members of this tribe are broad-nosed weevils, a characteristic feature of the Entiminae subfamily. The genus Ascopus, included in this tribe, has been documented from Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, and Sierra Leone.
weevil tribe Entiminae Curculionidae Coleoptera West-Africa
Coenosiini
Coenosiini is a tribe of muscid flies (Diptera: Muscidae) comprising approximately 22 genera distributed worldwide. The tribe is taxonomically active, with new genera and species continuing to be described. Members are generally small to medium-sized flies with ecological roles that remain poorly documented for most taxa.
Diptera Muscidae muscid-flies tribe worldwide
Crematogastrini
Crematogastrini is a tribe of ants within the subfamily Myrmicinae, comprising approximately 64 extant genera and 8 fossil genera. Members of this tribe are distributed globally and exhibit considerable morphological and ecological diversity. The tribe includes the well-known genus Crematogaster, which is among the most species-rich ant genera worldwide. Crematogastrini ants are primarily arboreal or ground-nesting, with many species establishing mutualistic relationships with plants and other insects.
ants Myrmicinae tribe global-distribution arboreal diverse-morphology
Ctenodactylini
Ctenodactylini is a tribe of ground beetles (Carabidae: Ctenodactylinae) first characterized based on larval morphology. Larval character states shared between Askalaphium depressum and Leptotrachelus dorsalis form the basis for tribal diagnosis. Members occupy specialized microhabitats, with documented species living commensally in leaf axils of riparian plants.
tribe larval-morphology commensal riparian Neotropical
Cyclosomini
Cyclosomini is a tribe of ground beetles (Carabidae: Lebiinae) containing approximately 18 genera and over 490 described species. Members are distributed across multiple continents, with documented occurrences in Africa, the Neotropics, and other regions. The tribe includes genera such as Graphipterus and Tetragonoderus, for which some larval morphology and limited natural history information has been described.
Carabidae Lebiinae ground-beetles tribe
Dicrepidiini
Dicrepidiini is a tribe of click beetles (Elateridae) within the subfamily Elaterinae. Members are characterized by specific morphological features of the prosternal process and associated structures. The tribe was established by J. Thomson in 1858 and remains taxonomically accepted.
Coleoptera Elateridae Elaterinae click-beetles tribe Elateriformia accepted-name 1858 J.-Thomson
Diochini
Diochini is a tribe of rove beetles within the subfamily Staphylininae, established by Casey in 1906. The tribe contains at least 2 genera and 84 described species. Coomania was historically included but was removed to its own monotypic tribe Coomaniini in 2020. Members are small to medium-sized predatory beetles with the characteristic short elytra of rove beetles.
rove-beetles Staphylinidae Staphylininae Coleoptera tribe Casey-1906
Disophrini
Disophrini is a tribe of parasitoid wasps within the family Braconidae. Members of this tribe are understudied, with limited published information on their biology and ecology. The tribe contains genera that are morphologically distinct within the Braconidae but lack comprehensive taxonomic revision. Most species appear to be small, slender wasps with reduced wing venation characteristic of many braconid groups.
Braconidae Hymenoptera parasitoid-wasp tribe understudied insect Arthropoda Animalia
Ditylini
Ditylini is a tribe of beetles within the family Oedemeridae (false blister beetles), established by Mulsant in 1858. Members of this tribe are characterized by their soft, elongate bodies and are part of the subfamily Oedemerinae. The tribe contains multiple genera and is represented by over 7,000 observations on iNaturalist, indicating moderate ecological presence. Ditylini species are distributed across various regions and share the general oedemerid biology of soft-bodied beetles often associated with flowers and decaying plant material.
Coleoptera Oedemeridae tribe false-blister-beetles Oedemerinae
Dromaeolini
Dromaeolini is a tribe of false click beetles (family Eucnemidae) established by Beaulieu in 1919. The tribe is currently treated as a synonym within the subfamily Macraulacinae. Eucnemidae are characterized by their inability to perform the clicking jump mechanism found in true click beetles (Elateridae), despite superficial similarities in body form. Members of this group are typically small to medium-sized beetles associated with decaying wood.
synonym tribe Eucnemidae Macraulacinae Elateroidea false-click-beetles wood-associated-beetles saproxylic
Episyronini
Episyronini is a tribe of spider wasps within the family Pompilidae. Members are solitary wasps that hunt spiders to provision nests for their larvae. The tribe is distinguished by morphological features of the mesosoma and wing venation. Episyronini species are primarily found in the Americas, with some extending into other regions. They represent a well-supported monophyletic group within the subfamily Pepsinae.
spider-wasp tribe Pompilidae Pepsinae solitary-wasp spider-predator
Euaesthetini
Euaesthetini is a tribe of rove beetles (Staphylinidae) within the subfamily Euaesthetinae, established by Thomson in 1859. Members are small, often minute beetles characterized by distinctive antennal and mouthpart structures. The tribe is distinguished from the related Stenina by specific morphological features of the head and antennae. Euaesthetini contains multiple genera distributed across various biogeographic regions.
rove-beetles Staphylinidae Euaesthetinae tribe
Euglenesini
Euglenesini is a tribe of small beetles within the family Aderidae, commonly known as ant-like leaf beetles. Members of this tribe are characterized by their diminutive size and compact body form. The tribe contains the genus Euglenes and related taxa. These beetles are poorly studied, with limited biological information available.
beetle aderidae tribe coleoptera
Eupariini
eupariine dung beetles, small dung beetles
Eupariini is a diverse tribe of small dung beetles in the subfamily Aphodiinae (Scarabaeidae). The tribe comprises over 40 genera and approximately 640 described species globally, with exceptional diversity in the Neotropics where around 28 genera and 333 species occur. Members are smaller than their sister lineage Scarabaeinae. The tribe has a broad geographic distribution spanning the Australian, Oriental, and Neotropical zoogeographical regions, with fossil representatives known from Eocene Baltic amber.
dung-beetles aphodiine Scarabaeidae Coleoptera tribe tropical fossil Eocene Baltic-amber Neotropical Oriental Australian-region
Europini
Europini is a tribe of beetles within the family Monotomidae, established by Sen Gupta in 1988. The tribe comprises approximately 8 genera and at least 40 described species. Members are commonly referred to as root-eating beetles, reflecting their known feeding habits. The tribe includes genera such as Europs, Aneurops, Bactridium, and Hesperobaenus.
Coleoptera Monotomidae root-eating-beetles tribe
Eustrotiini
Eustrotiini moths
Eustrotiini is a tribe of moths in the subfamily Boletobiinae, family Erebidae. Members are small to medium-sized noctuoid moths with generally dull coloration. The tribe is primarily distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, with greatest diversity in the Old World tropics. Many species exhibit cryptic forewing patterns that provide camouflage against bark or leaf litter.
Lepidoptera Erebidae Boletobiinae moths tribe tropical noctuoid cryptic-coloration
Exaeretini
Exaeretini is a tribe of plant bugs within the family Miridae, comprising more than 20 genera. Members of this tribe are small to medium-sized true bugs with the characteristic hemelytra of mirids. The tribe is part of the diverse Miridae family, one of the largest families of true bugs. Little is known about the biology of most Exaeretini species.
Miridae plant-bugs Hemiptera true-bugs tribe Cimicomorpha
Gastropachini
Gastropachini is a tribe of lappet moths within the family Lasiocampidae, subfamily Lasiocampinae. The tribe includes the genus Sonitha, which contains species restricted to the Congolian lowland forests of Central Africa. Recent taxonomic work has described new species in this genus and clarified distribution records.
Lasiocampidae Lepidoptera Africa lappet-moths tribe
Glottulini
Glottulini is a tribe of moths within the family Noctuidae, subfamily Noctuinae. Members are classified in the superfamily Noctuoidea, one of the largest groups of Lepidoptera. The tribe contains multiple genera of medium-sized noctuid moths. Little published information exists on the distinguishing characteristics of this tribe compared to related noctuine tribes.
tribe Noctuidae Noctuinae Lepidoptera moths
Gnorimoschemini
Gnorimoschemini is a tribe of small moths within the subfamily Gelechiinae (family Gelechiidae). Members are generally small, narrow-winged moths with drab coloration. The tribe includes species with diverse larval habits, including gall inquilines that develop within pre-existing plant galls rather than inducing their own.
Lepidoptera Gelechiidae Gelechiinae moths tribe inquiline gall-associated
Gravenhorstiini
Gravenhorstiini is a large tribe of parasitoid wasps within the family Ichneumonidae, subfamily Anomaloninae. The tribe encompasses all genera of Anomaloninae except the type genus Anomalon. Members are parasitoids, with females laying eggs in or on host insects. The tribe is taxonomically significant as it represents the primary diversification of the subfamily Anomaloninae.
parasitoid ichneumonidae anomaloninae tribe hymenoptera
Gymnosomatini
Gymnosomatini is a tribe of tachinid flies (family Tachinidae) comprising more than 30 genera and approximately 200 described species. These bristle flies are parasitoids, with larvae developing inside other insects. The tribe is taxonomically positioned within the subfamily Tachininae.
tachinidae parasitoid diptera tribe
Hemirhipini
Hemirhipini is a tribe of click beetles (family Elateridae) within the subfamily Agrypninae, established by Candèze in 1857. Members of this tribe are characterized by specific morphological features of the prosternal process and elytral structure that distinguish them from related elaterid groups. The tribe contains multiple genera distributed across various regions, with substantial observational records indicating ecological diversity.
click-beetles Elateridae Coleoptera tribe Agrypninae
Hemitheini
emerald moths
Hemitheini is the largest tribe of geometer moths within the subfamily Geometrinae, first described by Charles Théophile Bruand d'Uzelle in 1846. Though containing relatively few genera in absolute terms, it encompasses substantial species diversity. The tribe includes several groups sometimes treated as separate tribes (Comostolini, Hemistolini, Jodini, Microloxiini, Thalassodini, Thalerini), but these are likely paraphyletic and are here retained within Hemitheini pending further phylogenetic study. In some classifications, Hemitheini is reduced to subtribe rank as Hemitheiti.
Geometridae Geometrinae emerald-moths Lepidoptera tribe
Herpetogrammatini
Herpetogrammatini is a tribe of moths in the subfamily Spilomelinae, family Crambidae, containing seven genera and approximately 286 species. The tribe was erected in 2019 based on molecular phylogenetic studies that resolved relationships within the species-rich Spilomelinae. It includes economically significant genera such as Herpetogramma, which contains species with leaf-rolling larval habits. The tribe represents a recently defined taxonomic grouping that reorganized previously scattered classifications within the Crambidae.
Crambidae Spilomelinae Lepidoptera moths tribe leaf-rollers grass-moths recently-described-taxon 2019
Heteropezini
Heteropezini is a tribe of gall midges within the subfamily Porricondylinae (Cecidomyiidae). These small flies are characterized by reduced wing venation and are distinguished from related tribes by antennal and genital morphology. The tribe includes the genus Heteropeza and related taxa. Published records of this tribe are sparse, with limited observational data available.
Cecidomyiidae Porricondylinae gall-midges Diptera tribe rarely-recorded
Holcocerini
Holcocerini is a tribe of moths within the family Blastobasidae, a group of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The tribe contains multiple genera of blastobasid moths, which are characterized by their relatively plain appearance and often poorly known biology. Members of this tribe are found across various regions globally, reflecting the cosmopolitan distribution of the family. The classification of Blastobasidae and its constituent tribes has undergone revision, with some authorities historically treating these groups as subfamilies within Coleophoridae.
Lepidoptera Gelechioidea Blastobasidae tribe cosmopolitan
Hydriomenini
Hydriomenini is a tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Larentiinae, established by Edward Meyrick in 1872. The tribe comprises approximately 15 recognized genera distributed primarily across the Holarctic region. Members are small to medium-sized moths with characteristic wing patterns and resting postures typical of the broader Larentiinae group. The genus Hydriomena, the type genus, is particularly well-represented in North America and Europe.
geometridae larentiinae moths holarctic edward-meyrick 1872 tribe type-genus-hydriomena
Hypophlaeini
Hypophlaeini is a tribe of darkling beetles (family Tenebrionidae, subfamily Diaperinae) established by Billberg in 1820. The tribe contains multiple genera of small to medium-sized beetles. Members are characterized by features of the mouthparts and tarsal structure that distinguish them from related tribes in Diaperinae. The group has been documented across multiple continents with over 1,300 research-grade observations recorded on iNaturalist.
tribe darkling-beetle Diaperinae Billberg-1820