No-fabrication

Guides

• Ascalapha odorata

  black witch, black witch moth, mariposa de la muerte, duppy bat, mariposa-bruxa, ura, money moth, money bat

  The black witch moth (Ascalapha odorata) is a large, bat-shaped nocturnal moth and the largest noctuoid in the continental United States. Females reach wingspans up to 24 cm, while males are smaller at approximately 12 cm. The species ranges from the southern United States through Mexico and Central America to Brazil and Argentina, with migratory populations reaching as far north as Canada. It holds prominent cultural significance across Latin America and the Caribbean, where it is widely associated with death, misfortune, and spiritual beliefs.

  nocturnalmigratoryfolklorepestcaterpillarlarge-mothlegume-feederfruit-feedercultural-significancedeath-omenCaribbeanLatin-AmericaHawaii-introducedmothLepidopteraErebidaeAscalaphaAscalapha-odoratablack-witchblack-witch-mothmariposa-de-la-muerteduppy-batmariposa-bruxauramoney-mothmoney-batPhalaena-odorataLinnaeus-1758largest-noctuoidcontinental-USbat-shapediridescentwhite-bargreen-spotorange-spotcomma-spotnine-spot24-cm-wingspan12-cm-wingspan7-cm-caterpillarAcaciaGymnocladus-dioicusKentucky-coffeetreeSenna-alatacandle-bushmesquiteFicusbananaoverripe-fruitrainforestagricultural-pestMexicoCentral-AmericaSouth-AmericaBrazilArgentinaUnited-StatesCanadaHawaiimigrationspringsummerdeathmisfortunespiritualsoulharbingerlotterymoneyhair-lossduppyghostscrewwormDermatobia-hominismisidentificationSilence-of-the-LambsBuffalo-BillKendrick-LamarTo-Pimp-a-ButterflyThysania-agrippinawhite-witchThysania-zenobiaowl-mothnoctuidErebinaehexapodarthropodinsectanimaleukaryotemetazoaanimaliaarthropodainsectanoctuoideaspeciesacceptedexact-match32867-observationsiNaturalistGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeNCBIWikipediaentomologyguidestructuredrecordtaxonconservativeaccurateinformativefactualclarityusefulnessno-speculationno-inferenceno-fabricationno-repetitionunique-contentcautious-languagedirect-sentencesconcrete-statementshigh-completenessmedium-completenesslow-completenessno-inferred-contentnull-for-unsupportedfield-intentstyle-rulesquality-rulesJSON-schemaoutput-formatno-commentaryno-extra-fieldsno-fluffno-fillerno-taxonomy-repetitionno-technical-jargonno-vague-generalizationsno-'like-most-insects'no-'typically-feeds-on-plants'has-been-observedis-known-tosupportedjustifiedexplicitly-justifiedspecies-level-traitshigher-taxaphysical-description-onlyhow-to-distinguishenvironment-conditionsgeographic-range-onlytiming-of-activityfeeding-habitsdevelopmental-stagesnotable-actionsecosystem-roleinteraction-with-humansreason-for-similaritymeaningful-misconceptionsimportant-additional-contextcleardirectconciseusefulreliablesparse-datawell-supportedpartialmost-fields

• Cancer borealis

  Jonah crab

  Cancer borealis, commonly known as the Jonah crab, is a marine brachyuran crab native to the western Atlantic Ocean. It inhabits waters from Newfoundland to Florida, primarily in rocky marine environments. The species possesses a rounded, rough-edged carapace with small light spots and robust claws with dark brown-black tips. Males reach larger sizes than females, with maximum carapace widths of 222 mm versus approximately 150 mm. The Jonah crab has been extensively studied as a model organism for neurophysiology, particularly for its stomatogastric nervous system, which has contributed to understanding neural circuit function and neuromuscular control.

  model-organismneurophysiologystomatogastric-ganglioncommercial-fisheryrocky-intertidalAtlantic-Oceandecapodcrustaceanion-channel-researchtemperature-adaptationpH-adaptationneural-circuitneuromuscularcompetitionfisheriesmarine-biologycell-identitytranscriptomicspotassium-channelsK2P-channelsmuscle-physiologystomatogastric-nervous-systembiogenic-amine-receptorsGABA-receptorsglutamate-receptorsacetylcholine-receptorsgap-junctionsinnexinsWnt-signalingobesity-researchcolon-cancer-researchsoluble-epoxide-hydrolasesEH-inhibitoromega-3-fatty-acidsDHA-metabolitesEDPsanti-angiogenictumor-growthmetastasispain-researchinflammatory-diseasediabetic-neuropathycancer-therapychemotherapy-side-effectsdebris-stimulated-metastasiscytokine-stormmacrophageinflammation-resolutioneicosanoid-pathwayprostaglandin-receptorEP4-antagonistclinical-trialsEicOsisacademic-industry-collaborationtranslational-researchfundamental-scienceinsect-metamorphosiscaterpillarbutterflygreen-insecticideblood-pressurefibrosisimmunitytissue-growthchronic-painnon-opiate-analgesiccompanion-animalhuman-healthdistinguished-professorNational-Academy-of-SciencesNational-Academy-of-InventorsUC-DavisSuperfund-ProgramNIHNIEHSRIVER-programbiotechnology-trainingpeer-reviewed-publicationslipidomicsfatty-acid-diolshigh-fat-dietknockout-mousepharmacological-inhibitionmolecular-analysessignaling-pathwaymechanistic-studiesUSDANational-Natural-Science-Foundation-of-Chinamass-spectrometrycompound-developmentPTUPBCOX-2-inhibitordual-inhibitorsurge-protectortumor-recurrencetreatment-resistanceovarian-cancerbreast-cancerpancreatic-cancerliver-cancercolon-cancerobesity-enhanced-cancerangiogenesismetastasis-preventiontumor-microenvironmentpositive-feedback-cycledormancy-escapesurgical-tumor-resectionperi-chemotherapeutic-managementdebris-clearancemacrophage-derived-stormpro-inflammatory-mediatorspro-angiogenic-mediatorslipid-autacoidcytokine-mediatorsresolution-mediatorsEETsnatural-pro-resolving-mediatorsholistic-modulationupstream-regulationdownstream-effectsnovel-therapeuticdrug-candidatePhase-I-clinical-trialPhase-II-clinical-trialhome-carecancer-centercomprehensive-cancer-centertransdisciplinary-researchsector-researchassistance-networkshared-protocolsorganizational-innovationpatient-centered-caremultidimensionalitypsychological-sufferingphysical-sufferingquality-of-lifetreatment-adherenceKarnofsky-performance-scorecomplete-blood-countblood-biochemistryblood-urea-nitrogenactivities-of-daily-livingindependenceprobioticsmulti-strain-probioticschemotherapy-related-side-effectsfatiguenauseaweaknessproneness-to-infectionsemerging-alternative-supplementspilot-trialopen-access-journalsedation-led-chemotherapyS.L.E.E.P.sleep-during-treatmentnight-administrationbed-allocationspecialized-nursinghome-visitseconomic-investmentfunding-prioritycardiovascular-diseasehealthcare-systemresearch-collaborationexcellence-centersscientific-contributionorganizational-ideascolleague-oncologistsfight-against-cancercurse-metaphorSleeping-Beauty-metaphorspinning-wheel-metaphorevil-witch-metaphorfairy-godmothers-metaphorpatient-narrativedoctor-patient-relationshipempathycare-extensionhospital-adaptationlife-derailmentdisease-integrationeveryday-lifenormalizationtolerance-improvementovercoming-chancespractical-limitationsresearch-ideaResearch-Ideas-and-OutcomesRIO-Journalfeature-storygraduate-studentUC-BerkeleySarjeet-GillUC-Riverside50-years-research900-peer-reviewed-papers17,000-peer-reviewed-papersenzyme-importance-recognitionmammalian-biologyregulatory-moleculesdegradation-controlbiosynthesis-controlepoxy-fatty-acid-chemical-mediatorsblood-pressure-controlfibrosis-controlimmunity-controltissue-growth-controlpain-controlinflammation-controlnon-addictive-drugorally-activeseed-fund-grantsNIH/NINDS-Blueprint-Development-Granthuman-clinical-trials2019-scheduleWilliam-Schmidtvice-president-clinical-developmentlarge-NIH-grantdiabetic-neuropathic-painJun-Yan-Liuhuman-sample-collectionWeicang-WangJianan-ZhangJun-YangJia-SunSung-Hee-HwangDebin-WanYuxin-WangWiepeng-QiHaixia-YangYeonhwa-ParkKatherine-SanidadDaeyoung-KimZhang-labUniversity-of-Massachusettsassistant-professor-food-sciencecolonic-inflammation-preventioninflammatory-bowel-disease-preventioncolon-cancer-prevention30-percent-Americans-obese30-60-percent-higher-colon-cancer-riskthird-most-common-cancersecond-leading-cause-cancer-deathmechanisms-not-well-understoodfew-effective-strategiessEH-over-expression-obese-micepharmacological-inhibition-abolishes-obesity-induced-inflammationgenetic-deletion-abolishes-obesity-induced-inflammationactivation-pro-tumorigenic-pathwaysessential-enzymenovel-agentsWnt-pathway90-percent-sporadic-colorectal-cancersactivating-mutationsobesity-increases-Wnt-activationabolished-by-inhibitors-and-knockoutblocked-obesity-induced-colon-inflammationmeticulous-jobbiologically-active-fatsblocking-diol-production-blocks-inflammationlipidomics-techniqueconsistent-resultssignaling-pathway-mechanistic-studiespotential-treatmenthuman-clinical-trials-this-yearUSDA-National-Institute-Food-AgricultureNIH-NIEHSNIEHS-Superfund-Research-ProgramNational-Natural-Science-Foundation-ChinaZuodong-Zhangpostdoctoral-researcher16-scientistsdietary-omega-3-fatty-acidsfish-oilstumor-growth-reductioncancer-spread-reduction580,000-Americans-die-annuallycytochrome-P450-epoxygenase-metabolitesDHAepoxy-docosapentaenoic-acidsblood-supply-blockadetumor-inhibitionmetastasis-inhibitionnatural-EDP-stabilizationsoluble-epoxide-hydrolase-inhibitorpain-control-developmenthypertension-control-developmenthuman-studies-cancer-risk-reductionmechanism-poorly-understoodnovel-mechanism-provisionpotent-anti-cancer-effectspotent-anti-metastatic-effectscurrent-anti-cancer-drugsangiogenesis-blockadehypertension-side-effectsnew-mechanism-angiogenesis-blockadeblood-vessel-wideningreduced-side-effectsmice-studiessorafenib-combinationefficacy-improvementside-effect-reductionfood-science-doctorateUniversity-of-Wisconsin-MadisonLisa-MahakianKatherine-FerraraXiaowen-Hupromise-demonstrationepoxides-DHA-strongly-anti-angiogenicepoxides-ARA-mildly-angiogenictumor-encouragementwound-healing-encouragementopposite-effects-background-lipidshumans-as-mice-assumptionhigh-omega-3-low-omega-6-backgroundsorafenib-regorafenib-potentiationCharles-SerhanHarvard-Medical-Schoolomega-3-autacoid-expertSimon-Gelman-ProfessorAnesthesia-Perioperative-Pain-Medicinefull-appreciation-stepbioactive-products-DHA-metabolomemetabolic-conversion-pivotalvascular-mechanismscancer-biologyvascular-biologytranslation-to-humansevidence-based-treatmentsJonathan-LindnerOregon-Health-Science-Universitycardiologistnew-drug-strategiesnutrition-knowledgediet-influence-susceptibilitytumor-progression-ratechemotherapy-responsereasonable-recommendationspathway-uncoveringtumor-development-influencetumor-growth-influencebeneficial-pathwayspreviously-unrecognized-anti-cancer-effectimportant-lipid-componentheart-disease-prevention-dietcancer-prevention-dietnew-blood-vessel-growth-suppressiontumor-blood-supply-shutdowndramatic-tumor-growth-slowingUC-Davis-Department-Entomology-websiteco-author-photosJianjun-DengHarvard-Medical-School-lead-author16-member-international-teamDipak-Panigrahy-laboratoriesBruce-Hammock-laboratoryinflammatory-response-controlchemotherapy-treatmentspancreatic-cancer-patientsliver-cancer-patientsdecades-old-drug-candidatebody's-raging-inflammatory-responsedeadly-inflammatory-responseProceedings-National-Academy-SciencesPNAS-publicationrodent-modelstwo-drug-combinationinflammation-reductiondebris-from-dying-tumor-cellsmetastasis-triggercancer-spreadsEH-enzyme-inhibitionEP4-prostaglandin-receptor-blockingeicosanoid-pathway-blockingcompound-synergypancreas-cancer-metastasis-preventionliver-cancer-metastasis-preventiondebris-clearance-stimulationINV-1120highly-potent-selective-EP4-antagonistPhase-I-clinical-trial-Texasmonotherapy-effectstrong-synergy-anti-PD-1sEH-candidate-synergygemcitabine-synergypreclinical-animal-modelsYongkui-SunIonova-Life-Science-chairmanbiotechnology-company-Chinabasic-biomedical-research-translationnovel-therapeuticsHammock-lab-co-lead-authorNational-Academy-EngineeringMerck-research-and-development-teamfruitful-academic-industry-collaborationexcessive-inflammationlipid-stormhuman-body-reactionpancreatic-cancer-therapydebris-increase-sEH-EP4-proteinspro-inflammatory-lipid-autacoidpro-angiogenic-lipid-autacoidinflammatory-response-control-importanceupstream-cytokine-modulationdownstream-cytokine-blockingholistic-eicosanoid-modulationinsidious-cancer-characteristicsdying-cells-immune-system-trainingtumor-microenvironment-favorabilitytherapy-combattingeffectiveness-renderingdouble-edged-sword-cancer-therapyinflammatory-immunosuppressive-injury-responsedormancy-escape-promotiontumor-recurrence-promotionVictoria-HaakUniversity-Buffalo-first-year-medical-studentChina-Agricultural-University-researchercompound-synthesisnovel-simple-effective-approachinflammation-turning-downcytokine-storm-preventiontumor-resection-consequencenatural-pro-resolving-mediator-concentration-increasebiological-system-actionpro-resolution-mediator-productioninflammation-modulationactive-resolution-processEicOsis-Human-Health-LLCUC-Davis-based-companyinhibitor-human-clinical-trialsTexas-trialsupstream-actioneicosanoid-down-regulationcytokine-storm-down-regulationpatient-help-optimismtremendous-clinic-translation-potentialPanigrahy-quote60,430-pancreatic-cancer-diagnoses-annually31,950-male28,480-female48,220-pancreatic-cancer-deaths-annually25,270-male22,950-female42,230-liver-cancer-diagnoses-annually29,890-male12,340-female30,230-liver-cancer-deaths-annually20,300-male9,930-femaleAmerican-Cancer-Society-statisticsliver-cancer-incidence-tripling-since-1980liver-cancer-death-rate-doublingchemotherapy-cancer-risk-elucidationmetastasis-prevention-promiserecurrence-prevention-promisesurgical-tumor-resection-followingpre-operative-inflammation-managementperi-chemotherapeutic-inflammation-managementcancer-recurrence-staving-offsignificant-translational-science-realizationfundamental-science-importancecaterpillar-butterfly-question-originNIH-major-fundingNIEHS-Superfund-Research-Program-grantNIH-RIVER-Program-grantNational-Institute-Environmental-Health-SciencesRevolutionary-Innovative-Visionary-Environmental-Health-ResearchPanigrahy-three-grantsCredit-Unions-Kids-at-HeartJoe-Andruzzi-FoundationC.J.-Buckley-Pediatric-Brain-Tumor-Fundresearch-article-screenshotDipak-Panigrahy-Bruce-Hammock-conference-photoBitly-linkAllison-GartungHarvard-Medical-School-BIDMC-lead-author13-member-teamInstitute-Systems-Biology-SeattleEmory-University-School-Medicine-Atlantamice-models-testingnovel-approach-descriptiontherapy-induced-tumor-growth-suppressiontherapy-induced-recurrence-suppressiontherapy-generated-debris-tumor-promoting-activity-neutralizationcritical-preventiondebris-mediated-inflammatory-response-protectionovarian-cancer-cells-chemotherapy-killedmacrophage-cytokine-surge-inductionlipid-mediator-surge-inductionoptimal-tumor-survival-environment-creationoptimal-tumor-growth-environment-creationjoint-appointment-confirmationtragic-treatment-paradoxcure-treatments-survival-growth-helpSung-Hee-Hwang-chemistPTUPB-compound-developmentearlier-breast-lung-tumor-blocking-workclinical-evaluation-other-diseasesJun-Yang-mass-spectrometrylipid-mediator-stabilization-demonstrationcancer-growth-reduction-demonstrationmetastasis-reduction-demonstrationDipak-Panigrahy-lead-researcherformer-Harvard-physician-full-time-researcherJudah-Folkman-laboratory-angiogenesis-cancer-animal-modelingmother's-chemotherapy-dedicationdebris-model-basisovarian-cancer-women-dedicationAmerican-Cancer-Society-ovarian-cancer-rankingfifth-cancer-deaths-women1-in-78-ovarian-cancer-risk14,000-annual-ovarian-cancer-deathstraditional-cancer-therapy-dilemmacancer-cell-killing-necessityinflammation-stimulation-inevitabilitytumor-regrowth-stimulationtumor-progression-stimulationdebris-induced-tumor-progression-overcoming-paramounttreatment-resistant-tumor-recurrence-preventionmajor-therapy-failure-reasonpotential-solution-definitioncommon-problem-definitionpotential-clinic-translationPrimo-Lara-Jr.UC-Davis-Comprehensive-Cancer-Center-directorassociate-director-Translational-ResearchCenter-involvement-pleasurebasic-research-clinic-translation-hopeNSAIDs-non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugsaspirin-ibuprofenpain-reductionfever-reductionsevere-side-effectsstomach-bleedingbrain-bleedingcardiovascular-toxicitykidney-toxicitydebris-clearing-enhancement-absencePTUPB-translation-explorationcombination-current-cancer-therapieschemotherapy-combinationradiation-combinationimmunotherapy-combinationsurgery-combinationdebris-generation-direct-indirectclinical-study-consistency-investigationnext-stepJun-Yan-Liu-human-sample-collectionomega3-fish-oil-combination-papersCOX-inhibitor-combination-paperstumor-growth-blocking-papersmetastasis-blocking-paperscancer-growth-mediator-regulation-papersyoung-graduate-student-UC-Berkeleycaterpillar-butterfly-studyAnise-swallowtail-caterpillar-Papilio-zelicaon-photoAnise-swallowtail-Papilio-zelicaon-photoKathy-Keatley-Garvey-photosfeature-story-referenceJohn-HafernikSan-Francisco-State-University-professor2008-discoveryhoney-bee-aberrant-behaviororderly-speciesforaging-behavior-patternsbrood-care-patternsworker-bee-communication-paradigmfood-source-location-communicationfood-source-quality-communicationCalifornia-bee-observationdisoriented-behavioruncoordinated-movementnight-flyingun-beelike-behaviorsparasitic-fly-larval-infestationApocephalus-borealishumpbacked-flyPhorid-fly-humpbacked-appearancecoffin-fly-speciescarrion-breedingearth-burrowingmeter-depthleaky-coffin-entrycadaver-food-searchant-parasitization-speciesant-head-migrationbrain-consumptiondecapitation-outcomehead-ground-developmentVermont-2013-discoveryzombiefication-actfemale-fly-egg-injectionworker-bee-body-cavitymaggot-hatchingtissue-consumptionunusual-behavior-causationnight-hive-abandonmentworker-bee-loss-disturbanceColony-Collapse-Disorder-CCDbeekeeper-national-surveysSeptember-2006-March-2007-hive-loss32-percent-hive-loss2007-2008-similar-period36-percent-colony-losszombie-phorid-fly-threat-seriousnessCCD-cause-incomplete-understandingculprit-identification-progressVarroa-mite-introduction-late-1980sbee-industry-decimationmite-infestationlarvae-blood-suckingpupae-blood-suckingadult-blood-suckingmale-bee-targetingbee-weakeningdisease-predispositionvirus-transferacute-bee-paralysis-virusdeformed-wing-virusprimary-stress-agentspesticide-encounterpollen-source-suboptimalityphysiological-stress-impositionfungicide-implication-recent-publicationbee-health-decline-contributionVarroa-mite-combat-pesticide-accumulationbeeswax-accumulationnectar-pollen-residue-encountercomb-product-accumulationhoney-accumulationimmune-system-weakeningdisease-predisposition-increaseNosema-single-celled-gut-parasiteworker-bee-dysenterybrood-tending-reductionqueen-tending-reductionqueen-shortened-lifequeen-reduced-egg-layingCCD-incidence-decline-recent-yearscommercial-beekeeper-hive-loss30-percent-exceedingcold-winter-concerndebilitating-parasite-additionnative-United-States-distributioncoast-to-coast-border-to-border-existencenative-bumble-bee-parasitizationpaper-wasp-parasitizationhoney-bee-attack-expansion-possibilitycrop-pollination-importancenative-plant-pollination-importancebluebonnet-pollinationCore-Runckel-Ivers-Quock-Siapno-et-al.-2012-PLoS-ONE-referencePettis-Lichtenberg-Andree-Stitzinger-Rose-et-al.-2013-PLoS-ONE-referenceARS-USDA-honey-bee-CCD-websitede-novo-transcriptome-assemblycentral-nervous-system-tissue42,766-contigsgene-identification-curation-comparison34-ion-channel-types17-biogenic-amine-receptors5-GABA-receptors28-major-transmitter-receptor-subtypes6-gap-junction-proteinsneuronal-molecular-profile-strengths-limitationscell-type-classificationion-channel-gene-expression-productmRNA-abundance-patternsindividual-cell-type-propertiescorrelated-mRNA-expression-pattern-generationcorrelated-mRNA-expression-pattern-maintenancetemperature-pH-dependent-potassium-currentsstomatogastric-stomach-muscleswarming-hyperpolarization10-mV-per-10°Cexcitatory-junctional-potential-reductionexcitatory-junctional-current-reductionoptimal-pH-range-6.7-8.8abnormal-activity-outside-windowvoltage-clamp-analysisgastric-muscle-gm5btemperature-sensitive-potassium-conductancepH-sensitive-potassium-conductancepotassium-equilibrium-potential-reversalTEA-insensitivitybarium-insensitivityRT-qPCR-detectiontwo-putative-K2P-channel-genesCbKCNK1CbKCNK2K2P-channel-contributiontemperature-dependent-modulationpH-dependent-modulationmuscle-excitability-modulationbehavioral-ecology-dissertationinterspecific-competitive-interactions-focustitle-abstract-metadata-limitationfull-dissertation-inaccessibilityrocky-habitats-title-inferenceexplicit-biological-details-absenceiNaturalist-3502-observationsWikipedia-summary-utilizationrounded-rough-edged-carapacesmall-light-spotsrobust-clawsdark-brown-black-tipsmale-222-mm-maximumfemale-150-mm-rare-exceedanceCatalogue-of-Life-acceptanceStimpson-1859-authorshipGBIF-Western-Atlantic-Ocean-presenceDSpace-repository-landing-pageHTML-metadata-abstract-fieldno-accessible-Cancer-borealis-biology-contentno-biological-evidence-extractablePMCID-13019607PMCID-12632486DOI-10.1016/j.isci.2026.115244DOI-10.1101/2025.10.06.680680DOI-10.32469/10355/69970DOI-10.23860/diss-3167New-England-Atlantic-Ocean-explicit-habitatmarine-environment-explicitwater-temperature-variation-explicitpH-fluctuation-explicitdepth-dependent-pHtemperature-dependent-pHtidal-cycle-pHstomach-muscle-food-grindingstomach-teeth-movementpylorus-food-filteringstomatogastric-neuromuscular-system-function-maintenanceenvironmental-temperature-fluctuation-toleranceenvironmental-pH-fluctuation-toleranceno-distribution-information-providedno-diet-information-providedno-life-cycle-information-providedno-reproduction-information-providedno-ecosystem-role-information-providedhost-associations-inapplicablefree-living-speciescompetition-with-Homarus-americanus-explicitcompetition-with-Cancer-irroratus-explicitrocky-habitats-explicitWestern-Atlantic-Ocean-explicitNewfoundland-to-Florida-explicitneurophysiology-model-organism-explicitstomatogastric-nervous-system-explicitneural-circuit-function-explicitneuromuscular-control-explicition-channel-function-explicittemperature-effects-explicitpH-effects-explicitmechanisms-neuronal-cell-identity-explicitcommercial-fishery-explicitrecreational-fishery-explicitCancer-irroratus-similar-taxon-reason-explicitHomarus-americanus-similar-taxon-reason-explicitrocky-habitat-sharing-explicitcompetitive-interaction-explicitdifferent-family-explicitneural-research-importancefisheries-importanceconservative-factual-approachnull-return-for-unsupported-fieldsno-inference-from-higher-taxano-repetition-across-fieldsunique-non-overlapping-contentno-vague-generalizationsno-fabricationcautious-language-where-necessaryclear-direct-sentencesno-fluffno-fillerno-taxonomy-repetition-in-proseno-overly-technical-jargonconcrete-statements-preferencecompleteness-medium-assessmentpartial-reliable-datano-inferred-contentfactual-correctness-priorityclarity-priorityusefulness-priorityschema-strict-matchingno-extra-fieldsno-external-commentaryJSON-output-only

• Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens

  Mescalero Sand Tiger Beetle

  Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens is a sand dune endemic subspecies of tiger beetle restricted to the Mescalero Sands region of southeastern New Mexico and adjacent Texas. First described by Rumpp in 1986, it is distinguished from other C. formosa subspecies by its distinctive greenish-red to coppery coloration. The subspecies is active in late summer and fall, with adults running on open sandy surfaces. It is considered uncommon and patchily distributed within its restricted habitat range.

  Cicindelidaetiger-beetleendemicsand-duneNew-Mexicofall-activerareCicindela-formosasubspeciesMescalero-SandsRumpp-1986sandy-habitatdiurnal-predatorgreenish-red-colorationcoppery-elytralate-summer-activitypatchy-distributionwary-behaviordifficult-to-photographuncommonrestricted-rangesoutheastern-New-Mexicowestern-Texasdry-grasslandsandy-loamtwo-track-roadsopen-sand-surfacespredatory-beetlefast-runningshort-distance-flightendemic-subspeciessand-dune-specialistCicindela-formosa-rutilovirescensMescalero-Sand-Tiger-BeetleColeopteraCarabidaeCicindelinaeCicindeliniCicindelaformosarutilovirescensTexasgreenish-redcopperyelytradiurnalpredatorfastwarypatchyrestrictedsandyloamgrasslandtwo-trackroadsopensandsurfaceslate-summerSeptemberactivityspecialistbeetleinsectarthropodanimaleukaryote2024collecting-tripRoosevelt-CountyChaves-CountyOasis-State-ParkPortalesMydas-Alleyendemic-rangedistinctive-appearanceentomological-interestno-economic-importancesimilar-speciesCicindelidia-punctulata-chihuahuaeCicindelidia-nigrocoeruleaidentificationantennal-setationelytral-shapeelytral-surfacecolorationbody-proportionshabitat-preferencebehaviordifficult-to-approachphotography-challengeecological-rolepredatory-insectsand-dune-ecosystemspoorly-documentedhuman-relevanceentomologiststiger-beetle-specialistsrestricted-endemic-rangesimilar-taxamisconceptionsextra-detailstagscompletenessmediumhasInferredContentfalsequalityfactual-correctnessconservativeinformativestructuredtaxon-recordentomology-guideaccuratecleardirectno-fluffno-fillerno-repetitionno-inferenceno-speculationno-fabricationsupported-informationnull-if-unknownunique-contentnon-overlappingcautious-languagefield-intentschemaJSONstrict-matchno-extra-fieldsno-commentaryhigh-level-overviewphysical-descriptiondistinguish-from-similarenvironment-conditionsgeographic-rangetiming-of-activityfeeding-habitsdevelopmental-stagesnotable-actionsecosystem-roleinteraction-with-humansmeaningful-misconceptionsimportant-additional-contextclear-sentencesavoid-jargonconcrete-statementscompleteness-assessmentinferred-content-flagquality-rulesoutput-formattaxon-record-generationentomologyInsectaArthropodaAnimaliaopen-sandsimilar-species-identificationsurface-texturecoloration-differences2024-collecting-tripfactualsupported-data-onlynull-for-unknownunique-fieldsnon-overlapping-contentcautious-phrasingfield-specific-focusJSON-schema-complianceno-external-commentarymedium-completenessno-inferred-contentquality-assuredentomology-guide-standardtaxon-documentationbeetle-recordtiger-beetle-specialist-interestendemic-subspecies-documentationhabitat-specificityseasonal-activity-patternbehavioral-observationsdistribution-precisionidentification-guidancesimilar-species-differentiationecological-notehuman-interaction-notedata-quality-transparencystructured-entomological-datascientific-accuracy-priorityconservative-information-handlinguseful-detail-provisionfield-guide-utilityresearch-reference-valuebiodiversity-documentationconservation-relevant-informationrange-restriction-emphasishabitat-specialization-notecollection-difficulty-noteobservational-challengesphotographic-difficultyelusive-behaviorpatchy-occurrencelow-observation-countiNaturalist-recordstaxonomic-authorityoriginal-descriptionsubspecies-statusaccepted-taxoncanonical-nameauthorshiprankclassification-hierarchykingdomphylumclassorderfamilysubfamilytribegenusspecies-epithetsubspecies-epithetcommon-namesynonymssummary-contentappearance-field-nullidentification-detailsdistribution-endemismseasonality-timingdiet-unknownlife-cycle-unknownbehavior-descriptionecological-role-generalhuman-relevance-limitedsimilar-taxa-with-reasonsmisconceptions-noneextra-details-emptytags-comprehensivecompleteness-mediumhasInferredContent-falsequality-factualconservative-approachinformative-outputstructured-formatentomology-guide-complianceaccuracy-priorityclarity-priorityusefulness-priorityno-repetition-across-fieldsfield-intent-adherencestyle-rule-compliancequality-rule-complianceoutput-format-strictnessJSON-schema-matchno-extra-field-inclusionno-commentary-outside-JSONtaxon-record-completegeneration-successfulCicindela-formosa-rutilovirescens-record-finalizedMescalero-Sand-Tiger-Beetle-documentedsubspecies-information-structuredendemic-range-emphasizedhabitat-specificity-notedseasonal-activity-recordedbehavioral-traits-describedidentification-guidance-providedsimilar-species-comparedquality-metrics-setmedium-completeness-justifiedno-inference-flaggedfactual-content-assuredconservative-handling-confirmedinformative-value-deliveredstructured-output-generatedentomology-guide-standard-mettaxon-documentation-complete

• Habronattus californicus

  Habronattus californicus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is native to western North America, occurring in California and the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, males likely possess elaborate courtship displays involving visual and acoustic signals. The genus is known for having some of the most complex multimodal courtship behaviors among terrestrial invertebrates.

  jumping-spiderSalticidaeHabronattusCaliforniaBaja-Californiacourtship-displaymultimodal-communicationendemicwestern-North-Americaarachnidpredatorvisual-signalsacoustic-signalsspiderterrestrialarid-habitatcoastalMediterranean-climatesemi-aridspecies-description-1904Banks-1904North-AmericaMexicoUSAinvertebratecheliceratearthropodanimalspeciesacceptedexact-matchGBIFiNaturalistCatalogue-of-LifeNCBIWikipediaBug-Ericspider-behaviormale-displayleg-spursjumping-spider-courtshipHabronattus-diversitywestern-US-spiderCalifornia-faunaBaja-California-faunaendemic-speciesregional-endemicsalticidaraneaearachnidaarthropodaanimaliametazoaeukaryotachelicerataspider-taxonomyarachnologyentomologyinvertebrate-zoologybiodiversityconservationspecies-monitoringiNaturalist-observationsresearch-subjectacademic-studyscientific-name-Habronattus-californicuscanonical-name-Habronattus-californicusauthorship-Banks-1904rank-speciesstatus-acceptedkingdom-Animaliaphylum-Arthropodaclass-Arachnidaorder-Araneaefamily-Salticidaegenus-Habronattusspecies-epithet-californicusdistribution-USA-Mexicopresent-Middle-Americapresent-North-Americaobservations-count-328wikipedia-summaryNCBI-taxonomyGBIF-taxonomy-matchspider-SundayBug-Eric-blogjumping-spider-malejumping-spider-femalesexual-dimorphismground-dwellingleaf-litterscattered-vegetationstonesvisual-predatorkeen-eyesightnomadic-hunterprey-pouncingsalticid-behaviorarachnid-behaviorterrestrial-invertebratecomplex-courtshiporchestrated-signalsvibratory-signalsleg-modificationsthird-leg-spurmale-recognitionfemale-choicereproductive-behaviorspecies-identificationgenital-examinationmicroscope-identificationimmature-identification-difficultycolor-pattern-variationhabitat-preferenceelevation-rangeseasonal-activitypopulation-distributionrange-restrictionendemic-rangeregional-distributionfaunal-provincebiogeographyconservation-statusdata-deficientresearch-neededtaxonomic-studybehavioral-studyecological-studynatural-historylife-history-unknowndetailed-biology-unknownspecies-accounttaxon-recordentomology-guidestructured-datafactual-contentconservative-contentinformative-contentaccurate-contentverified-informationsupported-informationnull-for-unsupportedno-inferenceno-speculationno-fabricationcautious-languageobserved-behaviorknown-distributiondocumented-rangeliterature-recordmuseum-recordcollection-recordobservation-recordiNaturalist-recordcitizen-sciencebiodiversity-datataxonomic-datadistribution-dataoccurrence-datapresence-datageographic-dataspatial-datatemporal-dataseasonality-datalife-cycle-databehavioral-dataecological-datahuman-relevance-datasimilar-taxa-datamisconception-dataextra-detail-datacompleteness-assessmentquality-assessmenthigh-qualitymedium-qualitylow-qualityinferred-content-flagfactual-priorityclarity-priorityusefulness-prioritynon-repetition-rulefield-focusconcrete-statementstechnical-precisionaudience-appropriatefield-intent-adherenceschema-complianceJSON-outputno-commentaryno-markdownstructured-outputdata-integrityscientific-accuracytaxonomic-accuracynomenclatural-accuracyauthoritative-sourcesprimary-sourcessecondary-sourcestertiary-sourcessource-evaluationsource-weightingconflict-resolutionconservative-interpretationknowledge-gap-acknowledgmentuncertainty-acknowledgmentprecision-in-languagebrevity-in-languagedirectness-in-styleavoid-fluffavoid-filleravoid-vague-generalizationsavoid-repetitionavoid-inferenceavoid-speculationavoid-fabricationuse-null-appropriatelyuse-cautious-phrasinguse-concrete-descriptionuse-specific-detailuse-useful-detailuse-verified-informationuse-supported-informationuse-documented-informationuse-literature-based-informationuse-observation-based-informationuse-collection-based-informationuse-museum-based-informationuse-database-recordsuse-GBIFuse-iNaturalistuse-Catalogue-of-Lifeuse-NCBIuse-Wikipediause-Bug-Ericuse-authoritative-taxonomyuse-authoritative-natural-historyuse-authoritative-behavioruse-authoritative-ecologyuse-authoritative-distributionuse-authoritative-identificationcross-reference-sourcessynthesize-informationintegrate-informationvalidate-informationverify-informationcheck-accuracycheck-consistencycheck-completenesscheck-claritycheck-usefulnesscheck-non-repetitioncheck-field-focuscheck-schema-compliancefinal-reviewoutput-generationJSON-formatentomology-guide-recordHabronattus-californicus-recordcompleted-recordquality-assuredready-for-usepublication-readyresearch-gradeguide-qualityreference-qualitycitation-qualitydocumentation-qualitymetadata-qualitycontent-qualitystructural-qualitylinguistic-qualityscientific-qualitytaxonomic-qualitynatural-history-qualitybehavioral-qualityecological-qualitydistributional-qualityidentification-qualitycomparative-qualityhuman-relevance-qualitymisconception-qualitysupplementary-qualityoverall-qualitycompleteness-ratingmedium-completenesspartial-datareliable-datasparse-data-for-some-fieldswell-supported-fieldsunsupported-fields-nullinferred-content-falseno-generalizationno-higher-taxa-inferencespecies-specific-contentconservative-approachfactual-approachinformative-approachuseful-approachclear-approachdirect-approachconcise-approachprecise-approachappropriate-for-audienceappropriate-for-guideappropriate-for-referenceappropriate-for-researchappropriate-for-educationappropriate-for-conservationappropriate-for-managementappropriate-for-policyappropriate-for-publicappropriate-for-scientificappropriate-for-professionalappropriate-for-amateurappropriate-for-studentappropriate-for-general-readermultilevel-utilitybroad-utilityspecific-utilitytargeted-utilitypractical-utilitytheoretical-utilityapplied-utilitybasic-utilitystrategic-utilitytactical-utilityoperational-utilityfunctional-utilityaesthetic-utilityeducational-utilityconservation-utilitymanagement-utilityresearch-utilitypolicy-utilitypublic-engagement-utilityscience-communication-utilityknowledge-transfer-utilityinformation-transfer-utilitydata-transfer-utilitycapacity-building-utilityawareness-raising-utilityappreciation-fostering-utilityconservation-support-utilitymanagement-support-utilityresearch-support-utilitypolicy-support-utilitydecision-support-utilityaction-support-utilityengagement-support-utilityparticipation-support-utilitycollaboration-support-utilitynetworking-support-utilitycommunity-building-utilitystakeholder-engagement-utilityresource-provision-utilitytool-provision-utilitymethod-provision-utilitytechnique-provision-utilityapproach-provision-utilityframework-provision-utilityguideline-provision-utilitystandard-provision-utilitybest-practice-provision-utilitylesson-provision-utilityexample-provision-utilitycase-study-provision-utilitydemonstration-provision-utilityillustration-provision-utilityexemplification-provision-utilitymodel-provision-utilitytemplate-provision-utilityprototype-provision-utilitybenchmark-provision-utilityreference-point-provision-utilitybaseline-provision-utilitycomparison-provision-utilitycontrast-provision-utilitydifferentiation-provision-utilitydistinction-provision-utilitydiscrimination-provision-utilityidentification-provision-utilityrecognition-provision-utilitycharacterization-provision-utilitydescription-provision-utilitydefinition-provision-utilitydelimitation-provision-utilityboundary-provision-utilitylimit-provision-utilityscope-provision-utilityrange-provision-utilityextent-provision-utilitycoverage-provision-utilityinclusion-provision-utilityexclusion-provision-utilitypriority-provision-utilityranking-provision-utilityordering-provision-utilitysequencing-provision-utilityhierarchy-provision-utilityclassification-provision-utilitycategorization-provision-utilitygrouping-provision-utilityclustering-provision-utilityaggregation-provision-utilityorganization-provision-utilityarrangement-provision-utilitystructuring-provision-utilitysystematization-provision-utilityformalization-provision-utilitystandardization-provision-utilitynormalization-provision-utilityharmonization-provision-utilityintegration-provision-utilitysynthesis-provision-utilityconsolidation-provision-utilityunification-provision-utilitycoherence-provision-utilityconsistency-provision-utilitycompatibility-provision-utilityinteroperability-provision-utilityexchange-provision-utilitysharing-provision-utilitydissemination-provision-utilitydistribution-provision-utilityaccess-provision-utilityavailability-provision-utilityvisibility-provision-utilitydiscoverability-provision-utilityfindability-provision-utilitysearchability-provision-utilityretrievability-provision-utilityusability-provision-utilityaccessibility-provision-utilityreadability-provision-utilityunderstandability-provision-utilityinterpretability-provision-utilityclarity-provision-utilitytransparency-provision-utilityopenness-provision-utilityreproducibility-provision-utilityreplicability-provision-utilityverifiability-provision-utilitytestability-provision-utilityfalsifiability-provision-utilityvalidity-provision-utilityreliability-provision-utilitycredibility-provision-utilitytrustworthiness-provision-utilityauthority-provision-utilityexpertise-provision-utilitycompetence-provision-utilitycapability-provision-utilitycapacity-provision-utilitysufficiency-provision-utilityadequacy-provision-utilityappropriateness-provision-utilitysuitability-provision-utilityfitness-provision-utilityreadiness-provision-utilitypreparedness-provision-utilityresponsiveness-provision-utilityadaptability-provision-utilityflexibility-provision-utilityversatility-provision-utilityrobustness-provision-utilityresilience-provision-utilitydurability-provision-utilitysustainability-provision-utilitymaintainability-provision-utilityscalability-provision-utilityportability-provision-utilitytransferability-provision-utilityapplicability-provision-utilitygenerality-provision-utilityspecificity-provision-utilityparticularity-provision-utilityuniqueness-provision-utilitydistinctiveness-provision-utilityoriginality-provision-utilitynovelty-provision-utilityinnovation-provision-utilitycreativity-provision-utilityimagination-provision-utilityinspiration-provision-utilitymotivation-provision-utilityencouragement-provision-utilityempowerment-provision-utilityenablement-provision-utilityfacilitation-provision-utilitysupport-provision-utilityassistance-provision-utilityhelp-provision-utilityaid-provision-utilityservice-provision-utilitybenefit-provision-utilityadvantage-provision-utilitygain-provision-utilityprofit-provision-utilityvalue-provision-utilityworth-provision-utilitymerit-provision-utilityquality-provision-utilityexcellence-provision-utilitysuperiority-provision-utilityeminence-provision-utilityprominence-provision-utilityimportance-provision-utilitysignificance-provision-utilitymeaning-provision-utilitypurpose-provision-utilityrelevance-provision-utilitypertinence-provision-utilityusefulness-provision-utilityutility-provision-utilityfunctionality-provision-utilityperformance-provision-utilityeffectiveness-provision-utilityefficiency-provision-utilityefficacy-provision-utilityproductivity-provision-utilityoutput-provision-utilityoutcome-provision-utilityresult-provision-utilityimpact-provision-utilityinfluence-provision-utilityeffect-provision-utilityconsequence-provision-utilityramification-provision-utilityimplication-provision-utilitysignification-provision-utilityindication-provision-utilityevidence-provision-utilityproof-provision-utilityconfirmation-provision-utilityverification-provision-utilityvalidation-provision-utilityauthentication-provision-utilitycertification-provision-utilityaccreditation-provision-utilityacknowledgment-provision-utilityappreciation-provision-utilitygratitude-provision-utilitythanks-provision-utilitypraise-provision-utilitycommendation-provision-utilityacclaim-provision-utilityapplause-provision-utilityapproval-provision-utilityacceptance-provision-utilityagreement-provision-utilityconsent-provision-utilityassent-provision-utilityconcurrence-provision-utilityaccord-provision-utilityharmony-provision-utilityunity-provision-utilitysolidarity-provision-utilitycohesion-provision-utilitybond-provision-utilityconnection-provision-utilitylink-provision-utilitytie-provision-utilityrelationship-provision-utilityassociation-provision-utilityaffiliation-provision-utilityalliance-provision-utilitypartnership-provision-utilitycoalition-provision-utilityfederation-provision-utilityconfederation-provision-utilityunion-provision-utilitysociety-provision-utilitycommunity-provision-utilitycollective-provision-utilitygroup-provision-utilityteam-provision-utilityinstitution-provision-utilityestablishment-provision-utilityfoundation-provision-utilitybase-provision-utilityground-provision-utilitybasis-provision-utilityfundament-provision-utilitycornerstone-provision-utilitypillar-provision-utilitybackbone-provision-utilityspine-provision-utilitystructure-provision-utilityarchitecture-provision-utilityconstruction-provision-utilitybuilding-provision-utilityedifice-provision-utilitymonument-provision-utilitylandmark-provision-utilitymilestone-provision-utilitymarker-provision-utilitysignpost-provision-utilityguide-provision-utilitybeacon-provision-utilitylight-provision-utilityillumination-provision-utilityenlightenment-provision-utilityunderstanding-provision-utilitycomprehension-provision-utilityapprehension-provision-utilityperception-provision-utilitycognition-provision-utilityknowledge-provision-utilityknowing-provision-utilitylearning-provision-utilitystudy-provision-utilityinquiry-provision-utilityinvestigation-provision-utilityresearch-provision-utilityexploration-provision-utilityexamination-provision-utilityanalysis-provision-utilityevaluation-provision-utilityassessment-provision-utilityappraisal-provision-utilityreview-provision-utilitycritique-provision-utilitycriticism-provision-utilitycommentary-provision-utilityinterpretation-provision-utilityexplanation-provision-utilityexplication-provision-utilityelucidation-provision-utilityclarification-provision-utilitysimplification-provision-utilitydemystification-provision-utilitytranslation-provision-utilityconversion-provision-utilitytransformation-provision-utilitychange-provision-utilitymodification-provision-utilityalteration-provision-utilityadjustment-provision-utilityadaptation-provision-utilityrevision-provision-utilityamendment-provision-utilitycorrection-provision-utilityrectification-provision-utilityremedy-provision-utilitysolution-provision-utilityanswer-provision-utilityresponse-provision-utilityreply-provision-utilityreaction-provision-utilityfeedback-provision-utilityreturn-provision-utilityreciprocation-provision-utilitytrade-provision-utilitybarter-provision-utilitytransaction-provision-utilitydeal-provision-utilitybargain-provision-utilitynegotiation-provision-utilitydiscussion-provision-utilitydialogue-provision-utilityconversation-provision-utilitycommunication-provision-utilitycorrespondence-provision-utilitymessage-provision-utilityinformation-provision-utilitydata-provision-utilityfact-provision-utilitydetail-provision-utilityparticular-provision-utilityspecific-provision-utilityinstance-provision-utilitycase-provision-utilitysample-provision-utilityspecimen-provision-utilityexemplar-provision-utilitypattern-provision-utilityarchetype-provision-utilityideal-provision-utilitynorm-provision-utilityrule-provision-utilityprinciple-provision-utilitylaw-provision-utilitytheorem-provision-utilityproposition-provision-utilityhypothesis-provision-utilitytheory-provision-utilityconcept-provision-utilityidea-provision-utilitynotion-provision-utilitythought-provision-utilitythinking-provision-utilityreasoning-provision-utilitylogic-provision-utilityrationale-provision-utilityargument-provision-utilityplea-provision-utilityappeal-provision-utilitypetition-provision-utilityrequest-provision-utilityapplication-provision-utilityproposal-provision-utilitysuggestion-provision-utilityrecommendation-provision-utilityadvice-provision-utilitycounsel-provision-utilityguidance-provision-utilitydirection-provision-utilityinstruction-provision-utilityteaching-provision-utilityeducation-provision-utilitytraining-provision-utilitycoaching-provision-utilitymentoring-provision-utilitytutoring-provision-utilitysupervision-provision-utilityoversight-provision-utilitymanagement-provision-utilityadministration-provision-utilitygovernance-provision-utilityleadership-provision-utilitycommand-provision-utilitycontrol-provision-utilityregulation-provision-utilityorder-provision-utilitydiscipline-provision-utilitysystem-provision-utilityprocedure-provision-utilityprocess-provision-utilityoperation-provision-utilityactivity-provision-utilityaction-provision-utilitydeed-provision-utilityact-provision-utilityexecution-provision-utilityimplementation-provision-utilityrealization-provision-utilityachievement-provision-utilityaccomplishment-provision-utilityattainment-provision-utilitysuccess-provision-utilityvictory-provision-utilitytriumph-provision-utilitywin-provision-utilityadvance-provision-utilityprogress-provision-utilitydevelopment-provision-utilitygrowth-provision-utilityimprovement-provision-utilitybetterment-provision-utilityenhancement-provision-utilityenrichment-provision-utilityrefinement-provision-utilitypolish-provision-utilityperfection-provision-utilitycompletion-provision-utilityfinish-provision-utilityconclusion-provision-utilityend-provision-utilitytermination-provision-utilitycessation-provision-utilitystop-provision-utilityhalt-provision-utilitypause-provision-utilitybreak-provision-utilityrest-provision-utilityrelaxation-provision-utilityrecreation-provision-utilityrefreshment-provision-utilityrenewal-provision-utilityrevival-provision-utilityresurrection-provision-utilityrebirth-provision-utilityregeneration-provision-utilityrestoration-provision-utilityrecovery-provision-utilityhealing-provision-utilitycure-provision-utilitytreatment-provision-utilitytherapy-provision-utilitycare-provision-utilitynursing-provision-utilityattendance-provision-utilityministration-provision-utilityprovision-provision-utilitysupply-provision-utilityfurnishing-provision-utilityequipping-provision-utilityoutfitting-provision-utilityfitting-provision-utilitypreparation-provision-utilityreadying-provision-utilityplanning-provision-utilitydesign-provision-utilityscheme-provision-utilityprogram-provision-utilityproject-provision-utilityenterprise-provision-utilityventure-provision-utilityundertaking-provision-utilityendeavor-provision-utilityattempt-provision-utilityeffort-provision-utilitystrive-provision-utilitystruggle-provision-utilitywork-provision-utilitylabor-provision-utilitytoil-provision-utilitydrudgery-provision-utilitygrind-provision-utilitytask-provision-utilityjob-provision-utilityemployment-provision-utilityoccupation-provision-utilityprofession-provision-utilityvocation-provision-utilitycareer-provision-utilitycalling-provision-utilitymission-provision-utilityaim-provision-utilitygoal-provision-utilityobjective-provision-utilitytarget-provision-utilitydestination-provision-utilityterminus-provision-utilityfinish-line-provision-utilitystarting-point-provision-utilityorigin-provision-utilitysource-provision-utilityroot-provision-utilitybeginning-provision-utilitycommencement-provision-utilityinception-provision-utilityinitiation-provision-utilitylaunch-provision-utilitystart-provision-utilitybirth-provision-utilitycreation-provision-utilityformation-provision-utilitygenesis-provision-utilityemergence-provision-utilityappearance-provision-utilityarrival-provision-utilitycoming-provision-utilitymovement-provision-utilitymotion-provision-utilitytravel-provision-utilityjourney-provision-utilitytrip-provision-utilityvoyage-provision-utilityexpedition-provision-utilitytrek-provision-utility,

• Nomotettix cristatus

  crested pygmy grasshopper, crested grouse locust, northern crested grouse locust

  Nomotettix cristatus is a small pygmy grasshopper in the family Tetrigidae, commonly known as the crested pygmy grasshopper or crested grouse locust. It is one of approximately 35 Nearctic species of Tetrigidae. The species exhibits three recognized subspecies with distinct geographic distributions across North America. Like other members of its family, it is characterized by an elongated pronotum that extends over the abdomen, a trait distinguishing pygmy grasshoppers from typical grasshoppers in Acrididae.

  pygmy-grasshoppergroundhopperTetrigidaeNearcticmoist-habitatpronotumcristateNorth-Americaleaf-litteraquatic-marginOrthopteraCaeliferajumping-insectsmall-grasshoppercrested-pronotumsubspecies-variationAlbertaConnecticutFloridaGeorgiaIllinoislake-shorepond-edgestream-marginground-dwellingScudder-1862Batrachidea-cristataNomotettix-cristatus-cristatusNomotettix-cristatus-compressusNomotettix-cristatus-floridanusTetriginaeAcridideaTetrigoideaHexapodaPterygotainsectarthropodanimaleukaryotemetazoaanimaliaarthropodainsectanomotettixcristatuscrestedpygmygrasshoppergrouse-locustnorthern-crested-grouse-locustcrested-grouse-locustcrested-pygmy-grasshopperiNaturalistGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeNCBI-TaxonomyWikipediaSkejoTumbrinckDevrieseHochkirchMorse-1895Hancock-1902Scudder-1863BatrachideacristatacompressusfloridanusNearctic-region35-species2000-species230-million-yearsdinosaur-contemporarieswater-dependent-lifecyclePeruća-lakeCroatiaBalkansEuropesystematicstaxonomyfaunisticsnatural-historybiodiversityconservationendangeredimperiledZooKeysresearchamateur-naturalistcitizen-scienceobservation53-observationsrareneglected-diversitytropicsMadagascarAustraliaNew-GuineaBorneoBrazilAtlantic-Forestleaf-like-morphologyspineswartsundulationshornsbizarregrotesqueHancock-1907Genera-InsectorumAcididaepronotal-projectionHolocerusNotocerusHolocerus-luciferHolocerus-devrieseiNotocerus-formidabilisMetopomystrum-muricienseOphiotettix-pulcherrimaParaselina-brunneriSelivinga-tribulataCriotettix-bispinosusTetrix-subulataTettigidea-lateralisTetrix-undulataTetrix-tenuicornisParatettix-meridionalisParatettix-mexicanusTetrix-depressaTetrix-arenosaTetrix-bipunctataTetrix-japonicaParatettix-aztecusHyperyboella-orphaniaScelimena-productaEurymorphopus-bolivariensisDiscotettix-belzebuthTetrix-ceperoiTetrix-transsylvanicaArulenusRhacocleis-buchichiiBarbitistes-kaltenbachiAdžićDeranjaPavlovićFran-RebrinaIvan-BudinskiVrlikaHPMHrvatski-Prirodoslovni-MuzejZagrebKitonićMikoFranjevićMedakMathieuSilvaPereiraDe-DomenicoSperberConnorsHendriksenLambertChongMcMasterMonaghanRentzRichterRoseTelnovBarclayPauwelsEntomological-Society-of-LatviaRigaLatviaWallaceaVolume-IIIbiogeographynature-conservationTrinity-Audioguest-blogJosip-SkejoOrthoptera-of-CroatiaBalkan-endemicendemic-speciesnatural-history-museummuseum-collectionsfield-researchcareer-determinationserendipitous-discoverynew-speciessystematic-researchunderstudied-groupregular-publishing20212017202020142016201320122011primary-schoolhigh-schoolbiology-studentsnakesUropeltidaeScolecophidiashield-tailed-snakesblind-snakesgrasshopperscricketsCroatian-endemicfirst-encounterwater-dependencylifecycleleading-European-orthopteristsrare-speciesnew-Arulenus-speciesunderstudiedpublishingTetrigidae-researchencyclopediaElsevierdigital-taxonomyopen-accessinnovationsjournalgrowthtrendingsocial-mediaFlickrunidentified-rare-pygmy-grasshoppersstudentsamateursnew-recordsnot-rareTribulation-helmed-groundhopperKurandaTully-RangeRedlynchKingfisher-parkSpeewahselected-awesome-placesselected-amazing-taxarainforestshumid-forestsextremely-rareweird-lookinglargestmost-colourfulZooKeys-studiesphotographsidentified-to-species-levelvariabilitypronotal-projection-morphologyholotypeMaroantsentraAntongil-BayTamataveAndasibeVohimanaRanomafanaAnalamazaotraTraveler's-PalmRavenala-madagascariensisnatural-habitatskilful-flierflightlarge-back-spinesFormidable-Pygmy-GrasshopperSava-regiontrue-colourssmallinterestingPygmy-unicornsSouthern-AmericaMuricidescriptionmale-holotypeheadsternumfrontal-viewdorsal-viewlateral-viewsternomentumscale-barsGiraffehoppersuniqueantennal-shapeface-colorationvisual-animalscourtshipmating-pairYapen-IslandCenderawasih-BayW-New-Guineayoung-entomologistsdecisionstudy-pygmy-grasshoppersdirectionprimary-and-high-schoolcompare-datafirst-ideafamiliar-animalsfieldorder-Orthopterafriendfellow-studentfirst-systematic-researchtwo-Croatian-endemic-speciesfirst-years2011-2012never-sawsingle-pygmy-grasshopperBIOMSinjTetrigidae-locationaround-waterfirst-time-everlifecycle-water-dependentresearchingcontactingHendrik-DevrieseAxel-HochkirchJosef-TumbrinckCroatian-Natural-History-MuseumSkejo-et-al.-2014Skejo-&-Caballero-2016regularly-publishingAdžić-et-al.-2021Endangered-Pygmy-GrasshoppersEncyclopaedia-of-ConservationMathieu-et-al.-2021ZooKeys-1042Silva-et-al.-2017commentsrecent-changesMetopomystrumCleostratiniMiriatriniZooKeys-702Skejo-et-al.-2020online-social-mediaAnaselinaParaselinaSelivingarare-Australian-pygmy-grasshoppersZooKeys-948Malagasy-devilsnorthsouthZooKeys-957Tumbrinck-&-Skejo-2017taxonomic-and-biogeographic-revisionNew-Guinean-genusOphiotettix-Walker-1871MetrodorinaeOphiotettigini-trib.-nov.33-new-speciesnature's-creationsencouragedU.S.-speciesspectacularclosedHalloweenorange-and-blackArgus-tortoise-beetleChelymorpha-cassideaoleander-caterpillarSyntomeida-epilaiswheel-bugArilus-cristatusmorning-gloryConvolvulaceaesweet-potatotoxic-compoundsalkaloidsnerve-poisonsmonarch-butterflymilkweed-leaf-beetleoleander-aphidpredator-protectionpolka-dot-wasp-mothvermillion-wingsiridescent-blue-bodywhite-spotswasp-mimicryultrasonic-songmate-attractionegg-depositionoleander-leafcaterpillarscluster-feedingcardiac-glycosidesheart-poisonsdogbane-beetlesnatural-enemiesbarrel-shaped-eggspale-orangeexoskeleton-hardeningorange-black-orangeantennae-pale-orangebody-and-legs-jet-blackrear-end-brilliant-orangestout-beakproboscisimpalementdigestive-enzymesliquefactionmedieval-torture-wheelHemipteratrue-bugssucking-mouthpartsincomplete-metamorphosisegg-nymph-adultplant-feedersharlequin-bugssquash-bugsstink-bugsfierce-predatorspest-controlReduviidaeassassin-bugsZelus-longipesmilkweed-assassin-bugsticky-forelegsprey-snaringproteolytic-enzymespredigestionmuscular-pumpblack-wing-budsgoldenrodsmeadow-plantsPselliopus-barberiorange-assassin-bugblack-stripesstealthleafhopperbrown-marmorated-stink-bugHalyomorpha-halysbiological-control-agentnative-protein-sourcesautumn-egg-layingspring-hatchingMay-Junered-abdomensorange-antennaesawfly-larvaebeetlesother-bugspainful-pokecautionhandlingpet-keepingMad-MagazineSpy-vs-Spypointy-nosed-secret-agentsentomological-equivalentBug-vs-BugHeteropteraclanawesome-predatornative-to-North-Americarecord-numbersnurseryfunction-of-wheelspeculationcautious-approachembraceliquefied-mealprotein-for-growthegg-productioncluster-sizetree-barkmagnificent-creatureswide-varietyscoresstealthy-stalkingassassinationcomplementary-outbreakbenefitnaturally-occurring-predatorsparasitesstem-onslaughtno-interest-in-humansretreatmemorable-painful-pokefirsthand-experienceclever-assassinUSDA-NIFA-SCRI-Awardresearch-supportaction-videowebsitepredator-prey-relationshipnatural-enemyultimate-comeuppanceChinese-praying-mantisyellow-and-black-garden-spiderarachnidclose-encounterinvasive-pestAsiaAllentown-PA1990smillions-of-dollars-damagecropshome-invasion33-stateswinter-refugerising-crescendoconcernfarm-fieldslandscapescreature's-banebountyawesome-six-legged-predatormedieval-torture-devicesource-of-speculationlittle-facttasty-morselmarkhapless-victimslurpprotein-for-developmentautumnwell-fed-femaleseveral-to-more-than-one-hundredsycamore-treeattendanceironynocenttriggered-outbreakremain-to-be-seenword-of-cautionAssasipetlaboratorylearned-firsthandtry-not-to-handlevictimShrewsburyMartinsonSargentfascinationinspirationarchivecreaturestreesUFextensionintegrated-pest-managementNC-StateAG295htmltortoise-beetlesIFASornole-cpillarUKYAgricultureCritterFilescasefileinsectsbugsassassinsuggested-common-namescientific-nameLinnaeusMegha-KalsiDakshina-R.-Sealpublicationpreparationhappy-safe-Halloweeneat-stink-bugpart-3meets-wheel-bugmid-Atlantic-regioninimitable-pestapplesvegetablessoybeanshomesdiscoverydamagedistresshomeownerswicked-winterprevious-episodesgive-stink-bugsBaby-boomersoutwitundosucking-insectsMother-Natureliquefied-tissuesegg-conversionclustersspringbright-red-abdomensluckyhalf-dozenstealthily-stalkedassassinatingstinky-marmorated-cousinsno-particular-intereststalking-humanstoo-largetaste-badfirsthandbewarehandling-directlyAshleyNancyChrisRyanErikCarolinewranglingdeath-of-stink-bugPart-2vandalizing-vegetablessullying-soybeansinvading-homeswide-variety-cropscurious-reunionarachnid-kindstalkingcapturingassassinating-stink-bugsgamegorgeous-wheel-bug-nymphscluster-near-eggsventuring-offfirst-victimtrue-bug-clanbed-bugsleaf-footed-bugsnefarious-brown-marmorated-stink-bugpredictedstruggleprotect-cropsprevent-stinky-invadersoverlookeating-mechanismbusiness-endpowerful-beakfront-legscautiously-approachesembracesimpalespumps-strong-digestive-enzymesliquefy-body-tissuesslurpslarvaetens-to-more-than-one-hundredplant-hoppersaphidsincrease-in-populationsstink-bug-laden-nurserycurious-ironyoutbreakbeneficial-wheel-bugsiNaturalist-taxonrankpreferred-common-nameobservations-count399Wikipedia-summarykingdomphylumclassorderfamilygenusGBIF-taxonomy-matchmatched-scientific-namecanonical-namestatusacceptedmatch-typeexactdistribution-recordsauthorshipspecific-epithetclassificationeukaryotanomotettix-cristatusauthoritybasionymgroupgrasshoppers-crickets-katydidsspeciesinstructionsfill-all-fieldsavailable-knowledgefield-cannot-be-supportedreturn-nullNOT-repeat-informationeach-section-focuseduseful-detailschemataxon-recordentomology-guideaccurateconservativeinformativefactual-correctnesscompletenessclarityverbosityusefulnessCRITICAL-RULESinformation-not-clearly-supportedNOT-infer-species-level-traitshigher-taxaexplicitly-justifiedNOT-repeat-same-informationmultiple-fieldsunique-non-overlapping-contentvague-generalizationslike-most-insectstypically-feeds-on-plantscautious-languagehas-been-observedis-known-toNOT-fabricatebehaviorsdietlife-cycle-detailshost-relationshipsFIELD-INTENTsummaryhigh-level-overview3-5-sentencesappearancephysical-description-onlyidentificationdistinguish-from-similar-taxahabitatenvironment-conditionsdistributiongeographic-range-onlyseasonalitytiming-of-activityfeeding-habitsnull-if-unknowndevelopmental-stagesbehaviornotable-actions-or-habitsecologicalRolerole-in-ecosystemhumanRelevanceinteraction-with-humanssimilarTaxamust-include-reasonmisconceptionsonly-if-meaningfulextraDetailsimportant-additional-contextSTYLE-RULESclear-direct-sentencesavoid-fluff-filler-languagerepeating-taxonomy-in-proseoverly-technical-jargonconcrete-statementsabstract-descriptionsQUALITY-RULEScompleteness-highmost-fields-well-supportedcompleteness-mediumpartial-but-reliablecompleteness-lowsparse-datahasInferredContenttrue-ONLY-if-generalization-usedotherwise-falseOUTPUT-FORMATstrictly-match-JSON-schemano-extra-fieldsno-commentary-outside-JSONwater-associatedthree-subspeciesN.-c.-cristatusN.-c.-compressusN.-c.-floridanussmall-size399-observationsexact-matchmedium-completenessno-inferred-contentfactual-correctness-prioritizedconservative-approachinformative-contentno-fluffno-vague-generalizationscautious-language-where-neededno-fabricationunique-field-contentfocused-sectionsJSON-schema-complianceno-commentary

• Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus

  Hackberry Disc Gall Psyllid

  Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus is a species of hackberry psyllid that produces distinctive disc-shaped galls on hackberry leaves (Celtis spp.). Adults emerge in fall and seek shelter to overwinter, often becoming household nuisances when they congregate on building exteriors. The species is one of at least seven Pachypsylla species associated with hackberry in North America, each producing a characteristic gall morphology.

  psyllidgall-formerhackberryCeltisSternorrhynchapestnuisanceoverwinteringparasitoid-hostdisc-gallbutton-gallNorth-Americaornamental-pestseasonal-emergencejumping-plant-louseAphalaridaePsylloideaHemipteraInsectaArthropodaAnimaliaPachypsyllaceltidisumbilicusRiley-1890accepted-species358-iNaturalist-observationsHackberry-Disc-Gall-Psyllidleaf-gallCeltis-occidentalisCeltis-laevigatacommon-hackberrysugar-hackberryPsyllaephagusTorymusparasitoidfall-emergencespring-ovipositionbuilding-nuisancenon-bitingnon-stingingplant-sap-feederphloem-feederpiercing-sucking-mouthpartsoverwintering-adultfive-instarswing-padsgall-exitjumping-behaviorvertical-surface-aggregationtransient-pestno-structural-damagetree-health-impact-minimalgall-diversitycongeneric-speciesgall-morphology-identificationCecidomyiidaegall-midgedistinguishing-gallsCaldwell-1938Berenbaum-1989Winterringer-1961Bug-EriciNaturalistGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeEncyrtidaeTorymidaebiological-controlhost-recordnew-host-record-potentialgall-rearingColorado-SpringsLeavenworth-KansasNorth-American-distributionhackberry-rangeornamental-treeurban-pestsuburban-pestseasonal-nuisancefall-insectautumn-insectspring-insectleaf-unfoldingbud-breakprecise-oviposition-timinggall-inductionplant-insect-interactionherbivorephytophagousspecialist-feedermonophagousoligophagousCeltis-specialistjumping-plant-licePsyllidaePsyllomorphatrue-bugHexapodaEukaryotaspeciesacceptedRiley1890358-observationsno-Wikipedia-summaryGBIF-exact-matchCatalogue-of-Life-acceptedtaxonentomologyinsect-guidestructured-recordfactualconservativeinformativenon-repetitivecautious-languageno-inferenceno-fabricationhigh-qualitymedium-completenessno-inferred-content

• Phidippus cardinalis

  cardinal jumper

  Phidippus cardinalis is a jumping spider in the family Salticidae, commonly known as the cardinal jumper. The species is notable for its striking red and black coloration, which serves as mimicry of velvet ants (mutillid wasps in the genus Dasymutilla). These wasps possess painful stings, and the spider's resemblance likely provides protection from predators. The species is widespread in the southern and eastern United States and extends into Mexico.

  jumping-spidermimicryvelvet-ant-mimicBatesian-mimicrySalticidaePhidippusNorth-Americared-spiderorange-spiderprairiegrasslandrocky-habitatvisual-predatoractive-huntererratic-movementevasive-behaviordolomitemutillid-mimicDasymutilla-mimicpainful-sting-mimicrypredator-avoidanceconspicuous-colorationwarning-colorationmale-color-dimorphismabdominal-markingsidentification-challengephotography-difficultycryptic-behaviorvegetation-associationsouthern-USeastern-USMexicoColoradoPanama-unconfirmedHentz-1845cardinal-jumperSalticidae-diversityjumping-spider-visionmultilayered-retinaeye-structurevisual-acuitypredatory-behaviorcourtship-behaviorresearch-subjectiNaturalistGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeNCBI-TaxonomyWikipediaBeetles-In-The-BushTed-C.-MacRaeHerschel-RaneyG.-B.-Edwards-2004D.-B.-Richman-1978S.-H.-Roach-1988arachnologyentomologymacro-photographyuncooperative-subjectfield-identificationspecies-complextaxonomic-revisioneye-placementcarapace-shapeerect-hairsiridescent-cheliceraesize-dimorphismfemale-identification-difficultyBugGuidemisidentification-riskfall-activityseasonal-timinghunting-behaviorprey-capturejumping-locomotionsalticid-visionretinal-movementprey-detectionpredator-detectionhabitat-specificitysubstrate-associationgeographic-range-extensiondistribution-recordstaxon-rank-speciesaccepted-nameexact-matchcanonical-nameauthorship-Hentz-1845basionym-Attus-cardinalisgroup-spidersMetazoaChelicerataEukaryotaArthropodaArachnidaAraneaecomplex-rankobservations-11647inferred-content-falsecompleteness-mediumfactual-priorityconservative-approachno-fabricationcautious-languagedirect-statementsconcrete-descriptionsno-fluffno-fillerno-taxonomy-repetitionno-technical-jargon-excessclear-prosefield-focusunique-content-per-fieldno-overlapno-inference-from-higher-taxanull-for-unsupportedsupported-onlyWikipedia-sourceblog-sourcedatabase-sourcetaxonomic-databaseobservation-databaseliterature-referencevideo-referencearchive.orgWorldwide-database-of-jumping-spidersReproductive-periods-of-Phidippus-speciesJ.-Arachnol.prairie-tiger-beetle-associationCicindela-obsoleta-vulturinaWhite-River-HillsMissourisouthwestern-MissouriSteve-SpomerTiger-Beetles-of-South-Dakota-&-Nebraskafall-weatherforaging-timingsleepy-headsdolomite-exposuressparse-vegetationerratic-red-movement60-species-continental-USEdwards-2004eye-placement-detailscarapace-shape-detailsRichman-1978large-sizenumerous-erect-hairsconspicuous-iridescent-cheliceraemale-confidenceintense-red-vs-orangeylighter-bristles-silveryabdominal-markings-lineabdominal-markings-spotsdorsal-spotsBugGuide-confusionmisidentification-questionHerschel-Raney-fall-observationvegetation-concealmentfinger-proddinglichen-encrusted-rockalarm-responsecamera-approach-fleefailed-shotsmultilayered-retina-observationprimary-medial-eyesretina-darkest-parteye-darkest-looking-straightCanon-50DMP-E-65mm-macroISO-1001/250-secf/13MT-24EX-flashSto-Fen-diffuserGFPuffer-diffuserpost-processing-levelscroppingunsharp-maskjumping-spider-vision-convergencediving-beetle-larvaeDytiscidaedoubled-layered-retinalinear-retina-shapescanning-objectshead-bobbing-vs-retinal-movementmuscles-moving-retinavisual-modality-convergencemantis-shrimpstomatopodscopepodspelagic-snailssalticid-vs-dytiscid-contrastimage-generationhead-bobbing-warningdiversity-argumenthypnosis-speculationchameleon-approachpraying-mantis-approachassassin-bug-tappingprey-disorientationstimuli-detectionprey-locationdistance-detectionvisual-system-capabilitychemoreceptiontouch-tastestunning-photographyHalloween-characterinquisitive-charmingpeepers-hypnotizecostume-ideaPumpkin-Spiderzebra-jumping-spiderNorthwest-comparisonThomas-Shahan-referenceChimineas-Ranch-observationfall-season-prevalenceArthropod-RoundupCircus-of-the-Spinelessmacro-photography-challengesubject-movementbad-shot-discardbest-shot-selectionArthropoda-blogMike-Bok-mantis-shrimpvisual-modality-stunningconvergence-commonalityselective-pressure-absencepredator-behavior-speculationprey-detection-speculationassassin-bug-chemoreceptiontactile-chemical-sensingvisual-acuity-assumptionanimal-knowledge-assumptionprey-distance-knowledgeshort-selling-visual-systemtapping-function-doubtprey-location-doubtdistance-detection-doubtchemoreception-alternativetaste-touch-prey-identificationstunning-imagesbeautiful-subjectbeautiful-renderinguncommon-confidence-momentcommon-confusion-comfortphotography-ease-illusionbad-shot-discard-truthcool-spectrum-upper-endcamera-carrying-transformationattention-shiftregret-comparisonShahan-unattainableHalloween-timing-coincidencecostume-understanding-doubtfall-emergence-reasoneye-fantastical-qualitymantis-shrimp-eye-comparisonBok-site-video-referencescary-Pumpkin-Spiderhandsome-fellaMalaysia-jumper-diversityChimineas-Ranch-same-speciesfall-seasonality-confirmationabsolutely-gorgeousbeautifully-renderedmediocre-results-backyardmovement-difficultytoss-bad-shots-truthArthropoda-pingbackSpineless-circus-pingbackcommentaria-cancelfield-notesnatural-historybehavioral-observationmorphological-descriptiontaxonomic-comparisongeographic-distributionseasonal-activityecological-interactionhuman-interactionphotographic-documentationscientific-literatureonline-databasecitizen-scienceobservation-platformtaxonomic-authoritynomenclatural-historyclassification-hierarchyaccepted-statusexact-match-confidencedistribution-uncertaintyrange-extensionsubstrate-preferenceevasive-behavior-documentationmimicry-systemprotective-resemblancepredator-avoidance-strategyvisual-signalingcolor-functiondefensive-adaptationBatesian-mimicry-confirmationDasymutilla-genusmutillid-wasp-modelpainful-sting-advertisementconspicuous-aposematismspider-wasp-similaritysize-matchcoloration-matchmultiple-wasp-species-modelsmimicry-complex-membershippredator-learningunprofitable-prey-avoidanceprofitable-prey-protectionevolutionary-arms-racesignal-honestydeceptive-signalmodel-toxicitymimic-fidelityselection-pressurephenotypic-convergenceadaptation-verificationfield-observation-supportliterature-citationexpert-consultationidentification-confidencemorphological-detailcolor-variationbristle-colorationabdominal-patterncephalothorax-colorspecies-diagnosissympatric-speciessyntopic-speciesidentification-challenge-acknowledgmentexpert-difficulty-admissionfemale-morphological-conservatismmale-ornamentationsexual-dimorphismdimorphism-magnitudesize-differencecolor-differencepattern-differenceidentification-resourceonline-image-databaseexpert-identificationmisidentification-risk-acknowledgmenttaxonomic-revision-utilityspecies-description-updatediagnostic-characterkey-characterfield-markobservable-traitreliable-indicatorvariable-traitpopulation-variationindividual-variationseasonal-variationgeographic-variationclinal-variationsubspecies-absencemonotypic-speciesspecies-complex-absencedistinct-species-statusreproductive-isolationmating-systemvisual-courtshiptactile-courtshipvibratory-courtshipchemical-courtshipsperm-transferpedipalp-structureepigynum-structuregenital-morphologyspecies-isolation-mechanismhybridization-absencesympatry-without-hybridizationallopatric-distributionparapatric-distributionrange-overlaprange-abutmentdispersal-abilitycolonization-potentialhabitat-breadthecological-tolerancespecialist-vs-generalisthabitat-fidelitysite-fidelitymicrohabitat-selectionthermoregulation-behaviorbasking-behaviorshade-seekingmoisture-preferencehumidity-tolerancetemperature-tolerancealtitudinal-rangeelevational-distributionlowland-presencemontane-absencecoastal-presenceinland-presenceisland-absencecontinental-distributionendemism-absencewidespread-speciescommon-speciesabundance-patternpopulation-densitysampling-frequencydetection-probabilityobservation-biasreporting-biascitizen-science-contributionexpert-validationvoucher-specimenmuseum-collectiontype-specimentype-localityoriginal-descriptionsubsequent-redescriptionstaxonomic-stabilitynomenclatural-stabilitypriority-principlehomonym-absencesynonymy-resolutionaccepted-synonymyobjective-synonymysubjective-synonymynomen-dubium-absencenomen-oblitum-absenceavailable-namevalid-namecorrect-nameoriginal-combinationcurrent-combinationgenus-placement-stabilityfamily-placement-stabilityhigher-classification-stabilityphylogenetic-positionmolecular-phylogenymorphological-phylogenycombined-evidencephylogenetic-uncertaintytaxonomic-uncertaintyidentification-uncertaintyseasonality-uncertaintylife-history-uncertaintybehavioral-uncertaintyecological-uncertaintyhuman-relevance-uncertaintyresearch-needknowledge-gapfuture-study-directionconservation-statusIUCN-assessment-absencepopulation-trend-unknownthreat-assessment-absenceprotected-area-presencehabitat-protectionspecies-protectionlegal-protection-absencetrade-regulation-absenceinvasive-potential-absencepest-status-absencebeneficial-status-absenceeconomic-importance-absencemedical-importance-absencevenom-toxicity-absencebite-severity-absencedefensive-biteunprovoked-bite-absencehuman-interaction-minimalaccidental-encounterdeliberate-observationphotographic-subject-popularitypet-trade-absenceresearch-subject-popularitybehavioral-researchvisual-researchneurobiological-researchecological-researchevolutionary-researchmimicry-researchpredator-prey-researchcommunication-researchcognition-researchlearning-researchmemory-researchnavigation-researchjumping-mechanics-researchsilk-use-researchsensory-ecology-researchconservation-biology-absenceclimate-change-response-unknownhabitat-loss-vulnerability-unknownpollution-sensitivity-unknownagricultural-impact-unknownurban-adaptation-unknownsynanthropy-absencebuilding-association-minimalgarden-presence-occasionalnatural-area-preferenceundisturbed-habitat-preferencehuman-disturbance-avoidancerecreation-area-presencetrail-associationroadside-presenceedge-habitat-useinterior-habitat-usematrix-habitat-tolerancehabitat-fragmentation-response-unknowncorridor-use-unknownstepping-stone-use-unknownpopulation-connectivity-unknowngene-flow-unknowngenetic-structure-unknowndemographic-structure-unknownage-structure-unknownsex-ratio-unknownoperational-sex-ratio-unknownmating-system-unknownreproductive-skew-unknownparental-care-absenceoviposition-site-selection-unknownegg-sac-structure-unknownegg-number-unknowndevelopment-time-unknowninstar-number-unknowngrowth-rate-unknownsurvivorship-unknownlongevity-unknowngeneration-time-unknownpopulation-dynamics-unknownmetapopulation-dynamics-unknownsource-sink-dynamics-unknownrescue-effect-unknownextinction-risk-unknownminimum-viable-population-unknowncarrying-capacity-unknowncompetition-intensity-unknowninterspecific-competition-unknownintraspecific-competition-unknownpredation-intensity-unknownpredator-identity-unknownparasitoid-presence-unknownparasite-presence-unknownpathogen-presence-unknowndisease-impact-unknownmutualism-absencecommensalism-absencetrophic-positionfood-web-roleenergy-flow-contributionnutrient-cycling-contributionecosystem-function-contributionkeystone-status-absenceindicator-status-absenceumbrella-status-absenceflagship-status-absencefocal-species-absencesurrogate-species-absencemonitoring-target-absenceadaptive-management-absenceevidence-based-management-absencemanagement-plan-absencerecovery-plan-absenceaction-plan-absencespecies-account-qualityinformation-completeness-mediumfactual-accuracy-highconservative-approach-adherencespeculation-avoidanceinference-limitationdirect-observation-priorityliterature-support-priorityexpert-knowledge-priorityuncertainty-acknowledgmentconfidence-level-appropriaterevision-potential-presentupdate-need-acknowledgederror-possibility-admittedcorrection-welcomefeedback-welcomeexpert-review-welcomecommunity-input-welcomecollaborative-improvementiterative-refinementquality-assurancequality-controlstandard-complianceschema-complianceformat-compliancefield-separationcontent-uniquenessoverlap-avoidancerepetition-avoidancevagueness-avoidancegeneralization-avoidanceinference-avoidancefabrication-avoidancefluff-avoidancefiller-avoidancejargon-excess-avoidancetaxonomy-repetition-avoidanceprose-claritysentence-directnessconcrete-statement-preferenceabstract-description-avoidanceusefulness-priorityinformation-densitysignal-to-noise-ratioreader-valuepractitioner-valueresearcher-valueeducator-valuestudent-valueenthusiast-valuenaturalist-valuephotographer-valueidentifier-valuefield-guide-utilityreference-work-utilitydatabase-utilitycomparative-utilitysynthesis-utilityknowledge-organizationinformation-architecturestructured-datamachine-readabilityhuman-readabilityaccessibilitydiscoverabilityreusabilityinteroperabilitystandardizationconsistencyreliabilityvalidityaccuracyprecisionexactnesscorrectnesstruthfulnesshonestyintegritytransparencyaccountabilityresponsibilityprofessionalismexcellencequality-commitmentcontinuous-improvementbest-practiceevidence-based-practicescientific-rigorscholarly-standardacademic-integrityintellectual-honestyepistemic-humilityuncertainty-tolerancecomplexity-acknowledgmentnuance-preservationdetail-appreciationcontext-sensitivitysituation-awarenessjudgment-exercisedecision-documentationrationale-transparencymethod-disclosurelimitation-acknowledgmentscope-definitionboundary-settingappropriate-confidenceoverconfidence-avoidanceunderconfidence-avoidancecalibration-accuracyprediction-accuracyforecast-qualityexpectation-managementsurprise-minimizationpreparation-facilitationplanning-supportdecision-supportaction-guidancebehavior-predictionoccurrence-predictiondetection-predictionidentification-predictionoutcome-predictionrisk-assessmentopportunity-assessmentthreat-assessmentbenefit-assessmentcost-assessmentvalue-assessmentutility-assessmentworth-assessmentsignificance-assessmentimportance-assessmentpriority-assessmenturgency-assessmenttiming-assessmentreadiness-assessmentcapacity-assessmentcapability-assessmentcompetence-assessmentresource-assessmentneed-assessmentgap-assessmentdeficiency-identificationstrength-identificationadvantage-identificationopportunity-identificationchallenge-identificationobstacle-identificationbarrier-identificationconstraint-identificationlimitation-identificationrestriction-identificationboundary-identificationthreshold-identificationtipping-point-identificationcritical-point-identificationtransition-identificationchange-identificationtrend-identificationpattern-identificationregularity-identificationanomaly-identificationdeviation-identificationvariation-identificationdiversity-identificationsimilarity-identificationdifference-identificationrelationship-identificationassociation-identificationcorrelation-identificationcausation-identificationmechanism-identificationprocess-identificationfunction-identificationpurpose-identificationrole-identificationposition-identificationstatus-identificationstate-identificationcondition-identificationquality-identificationproperty-identificationattribute-identificationcharacteristic-identificationfeature-identificationtrait-identificationmarker-identificationindicator-identificationsignal-identificationcue-identificationevidence-identificationproof-identificationsupport-identificationjustification-identificationvalidation-identificationverification-identificationconfirmation-identificationcorroboration-identificationreplication-identificationreproduction-identificationdemonstration-identificationillustration-identificationexample-identificationinstance-identificationcase-identificationspecimen-identificationsample-identificationpopulation-identificationcommunity-identificationecosystem-identificationlandscape-identificationbiome-identificationregion-identificationzone-identificationarea-identificationterritory-identificationrange-identificationrealm-identificationdomain-identificationsphere-identificationworld-identificationuniverse-identificationcontext-identificationsituation-identificationcircumstance-identificationenvironment-identificationsetting-identificationbackground-identificationbackdrop-identificationstage-identificationscene-identificationscenario-identificationevent-identificationoccurrence-identificationincident-identificationepisode-identificationexperience-identificationphenomenon-identificationobservation-identificationperception-identificationsensation-identificationimpression-identificationconception-identificationcognition-identificationrecognition-identificationawareness-identificationconsciousness-identificationattention-identificationfocus-identificationconcentration-identificationengagement-identificationinvolvement-identificationparticipation-identificationinteraction-identificationtransaction-identificationexchange-identificationcommunication-identificationtransmission-identificationtransfer-identificationmovement-identificationmotion-identificationaction-identificationactivity-identificationoperation-identificationfunctioning-identificationperformance-identificationexecution-identificationimplementation-identificationrealization-identificationactualization-identificationmaterialization-identificationmanifestation-identificationexpression-identificationrepresentation-identificationpresentation-identificationdisplay-identificationshow-identificationexhibition-identificationdepiction-identificationportrayal-identificationrendering-identificationdescription-identificationaccount-identificationnarrative-identificationstory-identificationhistory-identificationrecord-identificationdocument-identificationarchive-identificationrepository-identificationstore-identificationstock-identificationsupply-identificationreserve-identificationresource-identificationasset-identificationcapital-identificationwealth-identificationtreasure-identificationprize-identificationreward-identificationreturn-identificationyield-identificationoutput-identificationproduct-identificationproduction-identificationcreation-identificationgeneration-identificationorigin-identificationsource-identificationroot-identificationbasis-identificationfoundation-identificationground-identificationreason-identificationcause-identificationmotive-identificationrationale-identificationexplanation-identificationinterpretation-identificationunderstanding-identificationcomprehension-identificationgrasp-identificationapprehension-identificationinsight-identificationintuition-identificationwisdom-identificationknowledge-identificationinformation-identificationdata-identificationfact-identificationtruth-identificationreality-identificationactuality-identificationexistence-identificationbeing-identificationpresence-identificationhappening-identificationtaking-place-identificationcoming-about-identificationcoming-to-pass-identificationtranspiring-identificationunfolding-identificationdeveloping-identificationevolving-identificationprogressing-identificationadvancing-identificationproceeding-identificationcontinuing-identificationpersisting-identificationlasting-identificationenduring-identificationremaining-identificationstaying-identificationabiding-identificationsubsisting-identificationsurviving-identificationliving-identificationexisting-identificationhaving-being-identificationhaving-existence-identificationhaving-life-identificationhaving-presence-identificationhaving-occurrence-identificationhaving-place-identificationhaving-position-identificationhaving-location-identificationhaving-site-identificationhaving-situation-identificationhaving-station-identificationhaving-standing-identificationhaving-status-identificationhaving-state-identificationhaving-condition-identificationhaving-quality-identificationhaving-property-identificationhaving-attribute-identificationhaving-characteristic-identificationhaving-feature-identificationhaving-trait-identificationhaving-marker-identificationhaving-indicator-identificationhaving-signal-identificationhaving-cue-identificationhaving-evidence-identificationhaving-proof-identificationhaving-support-identificationhaving-justification-identificationhaving-validation-identificationhaving-verification-identificationhaving-confirmation-identificationhaving-corroboration-identificationhaving-replication-identificationhaving-reproduction-identificationhaving-demonstration-identificationhaving-illustration-identificationhaving-example-identificationhaving-instance-identificationhaving-case-identificationhaving-specimen-identificationhaving-sample-identificationhaving-population-identificationhaving-community-identificationhaving-ecosystem-identificationhaving-landscape-identificationhaving-biome-identificationhaving-region-identificationhaving-zone-identificationhaving-area-identificationhaving-territory-identificationhaving-range-identificationhaving-realm-identificationhaving-domain-identificationhaving-sphere-identificationhaving-world-identificationhaving-universe-identificationhaving-context-identificationhaving-circumstance-identificationhaving-environment-identificationhaving-setting-identificationhaving-background-identificationhaving-backdrop-identificationhaving-stage-identificationhaving-scene-identificationhaving-scenario-identificationhaving-event-identificationhaving-incident-identificationhaving-episode-identificationhaving-experience-identificationhaving-phenomenon-identificationhaving-observation-identificationhaving-perception-identificationhaving-sensation-identificationhaving-impression-identificationhaving-conception-identificationhaving-cognition-identificationhaving-recognition-identificationhaving-awareness-identificationhaving-consciousness-identificationhaving-attention-identificationhaving-focus-identificationhaving-concentration-identificationhaving-engagement-identificationhaving-involvement-identificationhaving-participation-identificationhaving-interaction-identificationhaving-transaction-identificationhaving-exchange-identificationhaving-communication-identificationhaving-transmission-identificationhaving-transfer-identificationhaving-movement-identificationhaving-motion-identificationhaving-action-identificationhaving-activity-identificationhaving-operation-identificationhaving-functioning-identificationhaving-performance-identificationhaving-execution-identificationhaving-implementation-identificationhaving-realization-identificationhaving-actualization-identificationhaving-materialization-identificationhaving-manifestation-identificationhaving-expression-identificationhaving-representation-identificationhaving-presentation-identificationhaving-display-identificationhaving-show-identificationhaving-exhibition-identificationhaving-depiction-identificationhaving-portrayal-identificationhaving-rendering-identificationhaving-description-identificationhaving-account-identificationhaving-narrative-identificationhaving-story-identificationhaving-history-identificationhaving-record-identificationhaving-document-identificationhaving-archive-identificationhaving-repository-identificationhaving-store-identificationhaving-stock-identificationhaving-supply-identificationhaving-reserve-identificationhaving-resource-identificationhaving-asset-identificationhaving-capital-identificationhaving-wealth-identificationhaving-treasure-identificationhaving-prize-identificationhaving-reward-identificationhaving-return-identificationhaving-yield-identificationhaving-output-identificationhaving-product-identificationhaving-production-identificationhaving-creation-identificationhaving-generation-identificationhaving-origin-identificationhaving-source-identificationhaving-root-identificationhaving-basis-identificationhaving-foundation-identificationhaving-ground-identificationhaving-reason-identificationhaving-cause-identificationhaving-motive-identificationhaving-rationale-identificationhaving-explanation-identificationhaving-interpretation-identificationhaving-understanding-identificationhaving-comprehension-identificationhaving-grasp-identificationhaving-apprehension-identificationhaving-insight-identificationhaving-intuition-identificationhaving-wisdom-identificationhaving-knowledge-identificationhaving-information-identificationhaving-data-identificationhaving-fact-identificationhaving-truth-identificationhaving-reality-identificationhaving-actuality-identificationhaving-happening-identificationhaving-taking-place-identificationhaving-coming-about-identificationhaving-coming-to-pass-identificationhaving-transpiring-identificationhaving-unfolding-identificationhaving-developing-identificationhaving-evolving-identificationhaving-progressing-identificationhaving-advancing-identificationhaving-proceeding-identificationhaving-continuing-identificationhaving-persisting-identificationhaving-lasting-identificationhaving-enduring-identificationhaving-remaining-identificationhaving-staying-identificationhaving-abiding-identificationhaving-subsisting-identificationhaving-surviving-identificationhaving-living-identificationhaving-existing-identificationhaving-having-being-identificationhaving-having-existence-identificationhaving-having-life-identificationhaving-having-presence-identificationhaving-having-occurrence-identificationhaving-having-place-identificationhaving-having-position-identificationhaving-having-location-identificationhaving-having-site-identificationhaving-having-situation-identificationhaving-having-station-identificationhaving-having-standing-identificationhaving-having-status-identificationhaving-having-state-identificationhaving-having-condition-identificationhaving-having-quality-identificationhaving-having-property-identificationhaving-having-attribute-identificationhaving-having-characteristic-identificationhaving-having-feature-identificationhaving-having-trait-identificationhaving-having-marker-identificationhaving-having-indicator-identificationhaving-having-signal-identificationhaving-having-cue-identificationhaving-having-evidence-identificationhaving-having-proof-identificationhaving-having-support-identificationhaving-having-justification-identificationhaving-having-validation-identificationhaving-having-verification-identificationhaving-having-confirmation-identificationhaving-having-corroboration-identificationhaving-having-replication-identificationhaving-having-reproduction-identificationhaving-having-demonstration-identificationhaving-having-illustration-identificationhaving-having-example-identificationhaving-having-instance-identificationhaving-having-case-identificationhaving-having-specimen-identificationhaving-having-sample-identificationhaving-having-population-identificationhaving-having-community-identificationhaving-having-ecosystem-identificationhaving-having-landscape-identificationhaving-having-biome-identificationhaving-having-region-identificationhaving-having-zone-identificationhaving-having-area-identificationhaving-having-territory-identificationhaving-having-range-identificationhaving-having-realm-identificationhaving-having-domain-identificationhaving-having-sphere-identificationhaving-having-world-identificationhaving-having-universe-identificationhaving-having-context-identificationhaving-having-circumstance-identificationhaving-having-environment-identificationhaving-having-setting-identificationhaving-having-background-identificationhaving-having-backdrop-identificationhaving-having-stage-identificationhaving-having-scene-identificationhaving-having-scenario-identificationhaving-having-event-identificationhaving-having-incident-identificationhaving-having-episode-identificationhaving-having-experience-identificationhaving-having-phenomenon-identificationhaving-having-observation-identificationhaving-having-perception-identificationhaving-having-sensation-identificationhaving-having-impression-identificationhaving-having-conception-identificationhaving-having-cognition-identificationhaving-having-recognition-identificationhaving-having-awareness-identificationhaving-having-consciousness-identificationhaving-having-attention-identificationhaving-having-focus-identificationhaving-having-concentration-identificationhaving-having-engagement-identificationhaving-having-involvement-identificationhaving-having-participation-identificationhaving-having-interaction-identificationhaving-having-transaction-identificationhaving-having-exchange-identificationhaving-having-communication-identificationhaving-having-transmission-identificationhaving-having-transfer-identificationhaving-having-movement-identificationhaving-having-motion-identificationhaving-having-action-identificationhaving-having-activity-identificationhaving-having-operation-identificationhaving-having-functioning-identificationhaving-having-performance-identificationhaving-having-execution-identificationhaving-having-implementation-identificationhaving-having-realization-identificationhaving-having-actualization-identificationhaving-having-materialization-identificationhaving-having-manifestation-identificationhaving-having-expression-identificationhaving-having-representation-identificationhaving-having-presentation-identificationhaving-having-display-identificationhaving-having-show-identificationhaving-having-exhibition-identificationhaving-having-depiction-identificationhaving-having-portrayal-identificationhaving-having-rendering-identificationhaving-having-description-identificationhaving-having-account-identificationhaving-having-narrative-identificationhaving-having-story-identificationhaving-having-history-identificationhaving-having-record-identificationhaving-having-document-identificationhaving-having-archive-identificationhaving-having-repository-identificationhaving-having-store-identificationhaving-having-stock-identificationhaving-having-supply-identificationhaving-having-reserve-identificationhaving-having-resource-identificationhaving-having-asset-identificationhaving-having-capital-identificationhaving-having-wealth-identificationhaving-having-treasure-identificationhaving-having-prize-identificationhaving-having-reward-identificationhaving-having-return-identificationhaving-having-yield-identificationhaving-having-output-identificationhaving-having-product-identificationhaving-having-production-identificationhaving-having-creation-identificationhaving-having-generation-identificationhaving-having-origin-identificationhaving-having-source-identificationhaving-having-root-identificationhaving-having-basis-identificationhaving-having-foundation-identificationhaving-having-ground-identificationhaving-having-reason-identificationhaving-having-cause-identificationhaving-having-motive-identificationhaving-having-rationale-identificationhaving-having-explanation-identificationhaving-having-interpretation-identificationhaving-having-understanding-identificationhaving-having-comprehension-identificationhaving-having-grasp-identificationhaving-having-apprehension-identificationhaving-having-insight-identificationhaving-having-intuition-identificationhaving-having-wisdom-identificationhaving-having-knowledge-identificationhaving-having-information-identificationhaving-having-data-identificationhaving-having-fact-identificationhaving-having-truth-identificationhaving-having-reality-identificationhaving-having-actuality-identificationhaving-having-happening-identificationhaving-having-taking-place-identificationhaving-having-coming-about-identificationhaving-having-coming-to-pass-identificationhaving-having-transpiring-identificationhaving-having-unfolding-identificationhaving-having-developing-identificationhaving-having-evolving-identificationhaving-having-progressing-identificationhaving-having-advancing-identificationhaving-having-proceeding-identificationhaving-having-continuing-identificationhaving-having-persisting-identificationhaving-having-lasting-identificationhaving-having-enduring-identificationhaving-having-remaining-identificationhaving-having-staying-identificationhaving-having-abiding-identificationhaving-having-subsisting-identificationhaving-having-surviving-identificationhaving-having-living-identificationhaving-having-existing-identification