Data-deficient

Guides

Acantholyda angulata
Acantholyda angulata is a species of sawfly in the family Pamphiliidae. The genus Acantholyda belongs to a group of primitive sawflies characterized by distinctive morphological features. Members of this family are typically associated with coniferous hosts, though specific host records for A. angulata remain limited. The species is known from very few observations, reflecting either genuine rarity or undercollection.
sawfly Pamphiliidae web-spinning-sawfly conifer-associate rarely-observed data-deficient
Acanthoscelidius curtus
minute seed weevil
Acanthoscelidius curtus is a small weevil species in the family Curculionidae, first described by Thomas Say in 1832. As a member of the minute seed weevils, it belongs to a group specialized for feeding on seeds. The species has been documented in North America, with confirmed records from Québec, Canada.
seed-weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient
Acinaca lurida
Acinaca lurida is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, described by Ball and Hartzell in 1922. It belongs to the subfamily Orgeriinae, a group of planthoppers often associated with arid and semi-arid environments. The species is recorded from the southwestern United States, specifically Arizona, California, and New Mexico. Very little is known about its biology or ecology.
planthopper Dictyopharidae Orgeriinae southwestern-United-States arid-adapted data-deficient
Aciurina aplopappi
Aciurina aplopappi is a tephritid fruit fly described by Coquillett in 1894. It is placed in the genus Aciurina, a group of gall-forming or stem-boring flies associated with Asteraceae plants. The species is known from the United States, though detailed biological information remains limited. Only three observations have been recorded on iNaturalist, indicating it is rarely encountered or poorly documented.
gall-former tephritidae asteraceae-associated data-deficient
Acmaeodera nevadica
Acmaeodera nevadica is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, described by Barr in 1972. It belongs to the hyperdiverse genus Acmaeodera, which contains approximately 149 species and subspecies in North America. The species is known from the Nearctic region of North America, though specific details regarding its biology, host associations, and precise distribution remain poorly documented in the available literature. Like most members of its genus, it likely exhibits metallic coloration and develops as a larva in woody plant material.
Buprestidae Acmaeodera metallic-wood-boring-beetle Nearctic data-deficient Barr-1972
Acmaeodera parkeri
Acmaeodera parkeri is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, described by Cazier in 1940. The species occurs in Central America and North America, with records from the southwestern United States and Mexico. Adults have been observed visiting flowers of several plant species, including Allionia incarnata (creeping four o'clock), Talinum whitei (White's flameflower), and Evolvulus arizonicus (Arizona blue-eyes).
Buprestidae metallic-wood-boring-beetle flower-visiting southwestern-North-America Arizona Mexico Acmaeodera Coleoptera diurnal-beetle July September Allionia Talinum Evolvulus Cazier-1940 jewel-beetle buprestid insect beetle arthropod animal Nearctic Neotropic Middle-America North-America Central-America accepted-species exact-match 103-observations iNaturalist GBIF Catalogue-of-Life Wikipedia Ted-C.-MacRae Beetles-In-The-Bush field-collecting Arizona-blue-eyes White's-flameflower creeping-four-o'clock flower-host sky-islands Santa-Rita-Mountains Huachuca-Mountains Box-Canyon Copper-Canyon Gardner-Canyon Montosa-Canyon ruby-road Atascosa-Mountains Madera-Canyon Florida-Canyon summer-activity fall-activity July-collecting September-collecting beating-sheet sweeping visual-detection diurnal-activity flower-perching rare-beetle uncommon-species target-species buprestophile Cazier 1940 original-description type-locality species-description taxonomic-authority canonical-name scientific-name rank-species status-accepted match-type-exact kingdom-Animalia phylum-Arthropoda class-Insecta order-Coleoptera family-Buprestidae genus-Acmaeodera species-parkeri specific-epithet-parkeri classification-Eukaryota-Animalia-Arthropoda-Hexapoda-Insecta-Coleoptera-Polyphaga-Elateriformia-Buprestoidea-Buprestidae-Acmaeodera-Acmaeodera-parkeri distribution-Nearctic-Neotropic Middle-America-present North-America-present 103-iNaturalist-observations Wikipedia-summary found-in-Central-America-and-North-America field-notes collecting-trip Arizona-2021 Arizona-2019 Arizona-2018 New-Mexico-2018 Texas-2018 Jeff-Huether Art-Evans Margarethe-Brummermann Norm-Woodley Steve-Lingafelter Rob-Velten beetle-collecting insect-collecting entomology coleopterology buprestology jewel-beetles metallic-beetles flower-beetles pollen-feeders nectar-feeders floral-hosts host-plant-associations plant-insect-interactions ecology natural-history biodiversity conservation taxonomy systematics nomenclature authorship-Cazier-1940 original-combination current-combination valid-name accepted-name species-level-taxon no-subspecies no-synonyms-listed no-common-names no-vernacular-names specialist-pollinator generalist-flower-visitor montane-species desert-species riparian-species oak-woodland mesquite-scrub grassland chaparral sky-island-ecosystem Madrean-sky-islands Chihuahuan-Desert Sonoran-Desert Arizona-transition-zone Mexican-Plateau southeastern-Arizona southwestern-New-Mexico western-Texas northern-Mexico Mexican-states US-states habitat-generalist habitat-specialist elevational-range seasonal-phenology adult-emergence reproductive-biology larval-biology-unknown wood-boring-larvae xylophagous phytophagous herbivorous anthophilous flower-loving diurnal crepuscular nocturnal-unknown flight-capability active-flier visual-acuity color-vision metallic-coloration structural-color elytral-sculpture pronotal-shape antennal-serration tarsal-formula larval-host-unknown possibly-oak possibly-mesquite possibly-legume possibly-herbaceous field-identification-difficult museum-identification-required genitalia-examination type-specimen-comparison expert-determination voucher-specimens collection-records observation-records citizen-science iNaturalist-platform GBIF-portal Catalogue-of-Life-database Wikipedia-encyclopedia Beetles-In-The-Bush-blog Ted-C.-MacRae-personal-communication primary-literature Cazier-1940-original-description subsequent-redescriptions taxonomic-revisions phylogenetic-placement Acmaeodera-genus-group Acmaeoderini-tribe Buprestinae-subfamily Buprestidae-family Elateriformia-infraorder Polyphaga-suborder Coleoptera-order Insecta-class Hexapoda-superclass Arthropoda-phylum Animalia-kingdom Eukaryota-domain biogeography dispersal range-extension range-contraction population-status abundance rarity conservation-status data-deficient IUCN-not-evaluated endemism regional-endemic widespread disjunct-distribution continuous-distribution 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elevational-gradient latitudinal-gradient longitudinal-gradient climatic-gradient edaphic-gradient vegetation-gradient disturbance-regime fire-ecology flood-ecology drought-ecology climate-variability weather-extremes phenological-mismatch trophic-asynchrony ecological-trap evolutionary-trap conservation-behavior movement-ecology migration home-range territoriality site-fidelity philopatry natal-dispersal breeding-dispersal seasonal-migration altitudinal-migration irruptive-migration nomadism range-shift poleward-shift upward-shift tracking-climate phenotypic-tracking genetic-tracking evolutionary-rescue plastic-rescue migration-rescue assisted-colonization managed-relocation ex-situ-conservation in-situ-conservation species-translocation population-reinforcement captive-breeding reintroduction ecological-replacement de-extinction synthetic-biology gene-editing biotechnology nanotechnology remote-sensing GIS spatial-analysis modeling simulation forecasting scenario-planning adaptive-management evidence-based-conservation systematic-conservation-planning conservation-prioritization hotspot coldspot gap-analysis representativeness adequacy efficiency effectiveness monitoring evaluation learning knowledge-exchange science-communication public-engagement stakeholder-involvement policy governance institutions incentives market-based-instruments payments-for-ecosystem-services biodiversity-offsetting mitigation-hierarchy avoidance minimization restoration no-net-loss net-positive-impact sustainability sustainable-development-goals Aichi-targets post-2020-framework Kunming-Montreal-global-biodiversity-framework 30-by-30 nature-based-solutions natural-climate-solutions ecosystem-based-adaptation green-infrastructure blue-infrastructure urban-greening rewilding ecological-restoration degraded-ecosystem reference-ecosystem restoration-trajectory succession assembly self-organization emergent-property complexity resilience-thinking panarchy adaptive-cycle exploitation release reorganization fast-variables slow-variables tipping-point regime-shift hysteresis alternative-stable-state critical-transition early-warning-signals resilience-assessment vulnerability-assessment risk-assessment uncertainty precautionary-principle robust-decision-making flexible-decision-making adaptive-governance polycentric-governance network-governance collaborative-governance participatory-governance transdisciplinary-research interdisciplinary-research multidisciplinary-research disciplinary-research basic-research applied-research action-research participatory-research community-based-research indigenous-knowledge traditional-ecological-knowledge local-knowledge expert-knowledge scientific-knowledge knowledge-integration knowledge-co-production boundary-organization science-policy-interface diplomacy negotiation conflict-resolution environmental-justice social-equity intergenerational-equity intragenerational-equity procedural-equity distributional-equity 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paradigm episteme discourse resistance counter-hegemony social-movement environmental-movement conservation-movement climate-movement indigenous-movement youth-movement feminist-movement environmental-justice-movement food-sovereignty-movement land-rights-movement water-rights-movement animal-rights-movement nature-rights-movement ecocentrism anthropocentrism biocentrism zoocentrism sentientism ecofeminism deep-ecology social-ecology ecological-modernization ecological-economics environmental-economics natural-resource-economics ecological-anthropology environmental-sociology environmental-psychology environmental-education environmental-communication risk-communication crisis-communication strategic-communication public-relations marketing behavior-change social-marketing community-based-social-marketing nudging choice-architecture default-option simplification feedback social-norms commitment disincentives regulation standard tax subsidy cap-and-trade offset credit payment reward punishment voluntary-action mandatory-action hybrid-governance meta-governance steering rowing rowing-back rowing-forward rowing-together rowing-apart rowing-in-circles rowing-against-the-current rowing-with-the-current rowing-upstream rowing-downstream rowing-across rowing-through rowing-beyond rowing-within rowing-without rowing-above rowing-below rowing-beside rowing-between rowing-among rowing-amidst rowing-throughout rowing-everywhere rowing-nowhere rowing-somewhere rowing-anywhere
Acmaeoderopsis jaguarina
Acmaeoderopsis jaguarina is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, first described by Knull in 1938. It belongs to the genus Acmaeoderopsis, a group of small to medium-sized jewel beetles. The species is known from the Nearctic region of North America. Like other buprestids, it likely exhibits the family's characteristic metallic coloration and association with woody vegetation, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Buprestidae jewel-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle Nearctic Coleoptera Knull-1938 rarely-recorded data-deficient
Aconobius densus
Aconobius densus is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Thomas L. Casey in 1914. It belongs to the genus Aconobius, a small group of tenebrionid beetles. The species is native to western North America. Like other members of its family, it is adapted to arid or semi-arid environments. Published biological information on this species is extremely limited.
darkling-beetle desert-beetle North-America Casey-1914 data-deficient
Acrias
Acrias is a genus of small parasitoid wasps in the family Eulophidae, first described by Francis Walker in 1847. The genus belongs to the subfamily Entiinae and is part of the diverse chalcidoid wasp radiation. Members of this genus, like other eulophids, are likely parasitoids of other insects, though specific host associations remain poorly documented. The genus is rarely encountered in collections and has received limited taxonomic study.
parasitoid chalcidoid Eulophidae Entiinae Walker-1847 data-deficient
Acrobasis pallicornella
Acrobasis pallicornella is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis, described by Ragonot in 1887. It belongs to the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. The species is known from Texas, with limited available information about its biology and ecology. Like other members of the genus Acrobasis, it likely has a concealed larval lifestyle, though this has not been documented specifically for this species.
Pyralidae Phycitinae snout-moth Texas-endemic data-deficient Ragonot-1887
Acronicta cryptica
Cryptic Oak Dagger
Acronicta cryptica, commonly known as the Cryptic Oak Dagger, is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae. As a member of the dagger moth genus Acronicta, it shares the characteristic forewing pattern elements typical of this group, though specific details of its biology remain poorly documented. The species epithet 'cryptica' suggests a concealing or camouflaged appearance. Available records are sparse, with limited observational data documenting its occurrence.
Noctuidae Acronicta dagger-moth oak-associated data-deficient
Acroplectis haemanthes
Acroplectis haemanthes is a small tortricid moth described by Edward Meyrick in 1927. It occurs in the southwestern United States across six states. Adults are active primarily from spring through early summer, with some records in autumn. The species remains poorly known, with limited biological data beyond basic collection records.
microlepidoptera southwestern-US-endemic data-deficient
Actenoptera
Actenoptera is a genus of small flies in the family Piophilidae, established by Czerny in 1904. Members of this genus are part of the cheese skipper family, a group known for larval development in protein-rich substrates. The genus appears to be poorly studied, with limited published information on species diversity and biology.
Piophilidae Diptera cheese-skipper-family Palearctic data-deficient
Actiastes fundatum
Actiastes fundatum is a species of ant-loving beetle in the family Staphylinidae, described by Grigarick & Schuster in 1971. It belongs to the subfamily Pselaphinae, a group of small rove beetles known for their myrmecophilous associations. The species is documented from North America. Very few observations exist, with only two records in iNaturalist.
myrmecophile rove-beetle Staphylinidae Pselaphinae North-America data-deficient
Adelonia sulcatula
Adelonia sulcatula is a small darkling beetle (family Tenebrionidae) described by Champion in 1885. The species is known from limited specimens and observations in coastal northern South America and Mexico. It belongs to a genus of beetles adapted to arid and semi-arid environments. Available records suggest it is rarely encountered and poorly studied.
Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle Coleoptera Champion-1885 Neotropical coastal rarely-recorded data-deficient
Aegialia cartwrighti
Aegialia cartwrighti is a small dung beetle in the subfamily Aegialiinae, described by Stebnicka in 1977. It belongs to a genus associated with sandy coastal and desert habitats. The species is known from limited records in the southeastern United States.
scarab dung-beetle sand-beetle fossorial Nearctic data-deficient
Aerophilus nigripes
Aerophilus nigripes is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Braconidae. The genus Aerophilus is a small group within the diverse braconid wasps, which are primarily known as parasitoids of other insects. Based on its family placement, this species likely parasitizes larval hosts, though specific host relationships for A. nigripes remain undocumented in available sources. The species epithet 'nigripes' refers to dark or black legs.
braconid parasitoid data-deficient
Aethes patricia
Aethes patricia is a species of tortricid moth described by Metzler in 2000. It is known from a limited geographic range in the north-central United States, specifically Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. As a member of the genus Aethes, it belongs to a group of small moths commonly known as tortricid moths or leafroller moths. The species appears to be relatively poorly documented, with only 65 observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the available data.
Tortricidae leafroller-moth North-America data-deficient
Aglaonice otignatha
Aglaonice otignatha is a moth species in the family Erebidae, subfamily Hypeninae, described by Hampson in 1924. The genus Aglaonice is small and poorly documented in the literature. Records indicate presence in North America. Available information on its biology, appearance, and ecology is extremely limited.
moth erebidae hypeninae north-america data-deficient
Agrilus diospyroides
Agrilus diospyroides is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It was described by Josef N. Knull in 1942. The species is found in North America. Beyond its taxonomic description and general distribution, specific details regarding its biology, host associations, and morphology remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Buprestidae Agrilus North-America Knull-1942 Diospyros jewel-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle poorly-known-species data-deficient
Agriotes arcanus
Arcane Click Beetle
Agriotes arcanus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae, first described by W.J. Brown in 1933. The species belongs to a genus containing numerous economically significant agricultural pests, though specific information about this particular species remains limited. It is known from Ontario, Canada, based on available distribution records. Like other members of Elateridae, adults possess the characteristic clicking mechanism that allows them to right themselves when flipped onto their backs.
Coleoptera Elateridae click-beetle Canada Ontario data-deficient
Airora minuta
Airora minuta is a species of beetle in the family Trogossitidae. The genus Airora belongs to this family of predatory beetles commonly known as bark-gnawing beetles. Very little published information exists regarding this particular species. The family Trogossitidae comprises beetles that are typically found in association with dead or decaying wood, where they prey on other arthropods.
beetle Trogossitidae predatory-beetle bark-gnawing-beetle data-deficient
Alaephus
Alaephus is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, established by G.H. Horn in 1870. It belongs to the subfamily Pimeliinae and tribe Vacronini. The genus is poorly documented in the literature, with limited information available on its species diversity, biology, and ecology.
darkling-beetle Pimeliinae Vacronini North-American-fauna arid-adapted data-deficient
Allaporus pulchellus
A spider wasp species in the family Pompilidae, originally described as Planiceps pulchella by Banks in 1910 and later transferred to the genus Allaporus. The genus Allaporus is a small group of pompilid wasps, and A. pulchellus appears to be a rarely encountered species with minimal documented observations.
pompilidae spider-wasp hymenoptera rare data-deficient
Allygianus
Allygianus is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae. It was established by Ball in 1936 and belongs to the tribe Athysanini. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its biology and ecology. Records are sparse, with only a handful of observations documented in biodiversity databases.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae Athysanini Ball-1936 rarely-recorded data-deficient
Almita portalia
Almita portalia is a small moth in the family Crambidae, first described by Bernard Landry in 1995. The species is known from a very limited geographic range in the southwestern United States, with records only from Arizona and California. It belongs to the genus Almita, a group of crambid moths about which little biological information has been published.
Crambidae Pyraloidea North-America Arizona California 1995-description data-deficient Landry
Amara jacobina
Amara jacobina is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1855. It belongs to the large genus Amara, which contains numerous species distributed across North America. Very little specific information has been published about the biology or ecology of this particular species.
Carabidae ground-beetle North-America data-deficient
Amastris templa
Amastris templa is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Ball in 1933. It belongs to the tribe Amastrini within the subfamily Smiliinae. The species is currently accepted in taxonomic databases but remains poorly documented in published literature.
treehopper Membracidae Hemiptera North-America data-deficient
Amaurochrous ovalis
Amaurochrous ovalis is a species of stink bug in the family Pentatomidae, described by Barber & Sailer in 1953. The genus Amaurochrous belongs to the tribe Podopini, a group of pentatomids often associated with ground-dwelling or cryptic habitats. Very little specific information has been published about the biology or ecology of this particular species.
pentatomidae stink-bug podopini ground-dwelling rarely-reported data-deficient
Amblyctis praeses
Beech False Darkling Beetle
Amblyctis praeses is a small false darkling beetle in the family Melandryidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1879. It is known from eastern Canada, specifically Ontario and Québec. The species has received limited scientific attention, with minimal published information on its biology and ecology.
Coleoptera Melandryidae Canada eastern-North-America rarely-collected data-deficient
Ameletus velox
Ameletus velox is a North American mayfly species described by Dodds in 1923. It belongs to the family Ameletidae, a group of predatory mayflies known for their distinctive larval morphology and behavior. The species is part of the Nearctic fauna with documented presence in North America. As with other Ameletus species, it likely inhabits cool freshwater streams, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in available literature.
mayfly Ephemeroptera Ameletidae Nearctic freshwater stream-dwelling predatory-mayfly North-America montane cold-water-species climate-sensitive rare data-deficient
Ammosphex solonus
Ammosphex solonus is a species of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae. The genus Ammosphex was established to accommodate species formerly placed in related genera such as Pompilus. Very few observations of this species exist in scientific databases.
spider-wasp Pompilidae data-deficient taxonomic-uncertainty
Amorophaga cryptophori
Amorophaga cryptophori is a species of clothes moth in the family Tineidae, first described by Clarke in 1940. It belongs to a genus characterized by distinctive morphological features related to the phallus structure. The species has been recorded from Idaho, USA. Like other tineid moths, it likely has larvae that feed on keratinous materials, though specific life history details remain poorly documented.
Tineidae clothes-moth North-America Idaho rare data-deficient
Ampedus miniipennis
Small Click Beetle
Ampedus miniipennis is a small click beetle in the family Elateridae, first described by LeConte in 1853. It is found across northern and eastern Canada, from Alberta to Newfoundland and Labrador, extending into the Northwest Territories. The species is rarely encountered, with very few documented observations.
rare boreal Canadian-endemic data-deficient
Ampedus xanthomus
Ampedus xanthomus is a click beetle in the family Elateridae. The species is known from a small number of observations, indicating it is either rare, poorly sampled, or restricted in range. As a member of the genus Ampedus, it possesses the characteristic click mechanism for righting itself when overturned. The specific epithet 'xanthomus' refers to yellow coloration, likely of body parts. Detailed biological information remains limited due to its rarity in collections and observations.
Coleoptera Elateridae click-beetle data-deficient
Amphipogon hyperboreus
Amphipogon hyperboreus is a small fly in the family Piophilidae, originally described as Ambopogon hyperboreus by Greene in 1919. The genus Amphipogon belongs to the cheese skipper family, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented. It is known from a small number of observations and appears to have a northern distribution pattern suggested by its specific epithet 'hyperboreus' (meaning 'beyond the north').
Piophilidae Diptera hyperboreus rarely-observed data-deficient
Anacochylidia maderana
Anacochylidia maderana is a species of tortricid moth described from southern Arizona in 2019. It is known from two localities in the Madrean sky island region: Palmerlee in Cochise County and Madera Canyon in Santa Cruz County. The species name references Madera Canyon, one of its collection sites. Available specimens indicate adult activity in September. The early stages and larval host plants remain unknown.
recently-described endemic Madrean-sky-islands data-deficient
Anarta oaklandiae
Oakland's Cutworm Moth, Oakland's Dart
Anarta oaklandiae is a noctuid moth species described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1937. Originally placed in the genus Scotogramma, it was later transferred to Anarta. The species is assigned Hodges number 10234 in the North American moth numbering system. Very few observations exist, with only one documented record on iNaturalist.
Noctuidae cutworm-moth rare data-deficient North-America McDunnough-1937 Hodges-10234 Scotogramma
Andrena canadensis
Canada miner bee, Canada andrena, Canadian Mining Bee
Andrena canadensis is a solitary mining bee in the family Andrenidae, native to North America. Like other Andrena species, it nests in the ground and is active in spring. The species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with most information inferred from genus-level traits.
bee solitary-bee mining-bee spring-bee ground-nesting-bee pollinator Andrenidae Hymenoptera North-America Vermont understudied-species data-deficient
Andrena cleodora melanodora
Andrena cleodora melanodora is a subspecies of mining bee in the family Andrenidae, described by Cockerell in 1932. As a member of the large genus Andrena, it is a solitary, ground-nesting bee. The subspecies is part of the nominate species Andrena cleodora, which belongs to a diverse group of early-spring flying bees that nest in soil and provision their larvae with pollen. No specific ecological studies or detailed biological observations have been published for this particular subspecies.
Andrenidae mining-bee solitary-bee ground-nesting subspecies North-America data-deficient
Andrena obscuripennis
Dark-winged Miner Bee
Andrena obscuripennis is a solitary mining bee in the family Andrenidae, known as the Dark-winged Miner Bee. The species is native to eastern North America with a documented range spanning the southeastern United States and southern Ontario, Canada. Very little is known about its biology or life history. A single individual was collected within 0.5 m of the ground in a Georgia study on bee flight heights, suggesting low foraging or nesting activity.
mining-bee solitary-bee Andrenidae North-America data-deficient
Andrena principalis
Andrena principalis is a species of mining bee in the family Andrenidae, described by LaBerge in 1986. It belongs to a large genus of solitary, ground-nesting bees that are important pollinators in temperate regions. The species is distributed across Central America and North America. Like other Andrena species, it is presumed to nest in burrows excavated in soil and to provision its larvae with pollen and nectar, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented.
mining-bee solitary-bee ground-nesting-bee pollinator Andrenidae Hymenoptera Central-America North-America LaBerge-1986 poorly-known-species data-deficient
Andrena pruni
Cherry Mining Bee, cherry miner
Andrena pruni is a solitary mining bee in the family Andrenidae, native to North America. It is commonly known as the Cherry Mining Bee or cherry miner. Like other members of the genus Andrena, it nests in the ground and is an important pollinator. The specific epithet 'pruni' suggests a likely association with Prunus (cherry/plum) species as a pollen or nectar source, though this relationship requires confirmation.
Andrenidae mining-bee solitary-bee North-America ground-nesting pollinator Hymenoptera bee Andrena pruni Cherry-Mining-Bee cherry-miner Vermont Robertson-1891 Prunus-associated data-deficient
Andrena robertsonii
Robertson's Miner Bee
Andrena robertsonii, commonly known as Robertson's Miner Bee, is a solitary ground-nesting bee in the family Andrenidae. The species occurs in North America, with confirmed records from Vermont and broader distribution across the continent. Like other Andrena species, it is a fossorial bee that excavates tunnels in soil for nesting. As a member of the large mining bee genus Andrena, it contributes to spring pollination, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
solitary-bee mining-bee ground-nesting North-America data-deficient
Andrena transnigra
Black-banded Mining Bee, Black-banded Miner Bee
Andrena transnigra is a species of mining bee in the family Andrenidae, commonly known as the Black-banded Mining Bee. It is a solitary, ground-nesting bee native to North America. As a member of the genus Andrena, it shares the typical characteristics of mining bees, including fossorial nesting habits and solitary lifestyle without colonial social structure.
mining-bee solitary-bee ground-nesting Andrenidae North-America Viereck-1904 data-deficient
Aneurus minutus
Aneurus minutus is a species of flat bug in the family Aradidae, described by Bergroth in 1886. It belongs to the order Hemiptera, characterized by their flattened body form adapted for living under bark. The species has been recorded from the Caribbean and North America according to GBIF distribution data. Very little specific information is available about this particular species in the provided sources.
Hemiptera Aradidae flat-bug data-deficient
Anisotria
Anisotria is a genus of beetles in the family Pyrochroidae, established by Young in 1984. The genus has a doubtful taxonomic status according to GBIF, and its placement within Pyrochroidae may require further verification. No observations of this genus have been recorded on iNaturalist. The family Pyrochroidae comprises fire-colored beetles, though specific traits of Anisotria remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Anomala oblivia
pine chafer
Anomala oblivia, commonly known as the pine chafer, is a species of shining leaf chafer in the family Scarabaeidae. It was described by Horn in 1884. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Paranomala oblivia in some taxonomic databases. Very little specific information is available about its biology or ecology.
scarabaeidae rutelinae shining-leaf-chafer pine-chafer synonym data-deficient
Anoplocurius altus
Anoplocurius altus is a species of longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae) described by Knull in 1942. It belongs to the tribe Elaphidiini within the subfamily Cerambycinae. The species is native to North America, with confirmed records from the United States. Very little is known about its biology, ecology, or specific habitat requirements.
Cerambycidae longhorn-beetle Elaphidiini North-America Knull-1942 data-deficient
Antepirrhoe atrifasciata
Antepirrhoe atrifasciata is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae, subfamily Larentiinae. Originally described as Eustroma atrifasciata by Hulst in 1888, the species has since been transferred to the genus Antepirrhoe. Like other members of this genus, it is a relatively small moth with limited published information regarding its biology and distribution.
geometridae larentiinae north-america data-deficient taxonomic-transfer
Anthonomus morulus
Anthonomus morulus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1876. It belongs to the large genus Anthonomus, which contains numerous species associated with various host plants. The species is recorded from North America, though detailed biological information remains limited. As with many Anthonomus species, it is likely associated with specific plant hosts, but these relationships have not been well documented.
weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient
Anthophora mortuaria
Anthophora mortuaria is a solitary digger bee in the family Apidae, described by Timberlake in 1937. As a member of the genus Anthophora, it shares characteristics with other digger bees that nest in soil or sandy substrates. The species is accepted in taxonomic databases but has minimal published biological information available. Its specific epithet "mortuaria" (Latin for "of the dead" or "funeral") suggests possible association with particular habitats or behaviors, though this has not been documented in accessible literature.
digger-bee solitary-bee Apidae Anthophora data-deficient
Anthrax nigriventris
Anthrax nigriventris is a species of bee fly (family Bombyliidae) described by Marston in 1970. The species is characterized by its dark ventral coloration, as indicated by the specific epithet 'nigriventris' (meaning 'black-bellied'). Like other members of the genus Anthrax, it is presumed to be a parasitoid of ground-nesting insects, though specific host records for this species have not been documented. The species occurs in arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Cuba.
bee-fly parasitoid desert-fauna data-deficient
Anticlea switzeraria
Anticlea switzeraria is a species of moth in the family Geometridae, subfamily Larentiinae. It was described by Wright in 1916. The species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its biology and ecology. It belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized geometrid moths primarily found in northern regions.
moth geometridae larentiinae north-america data-deficient
Anurapteryx crenulata
Crenulatewinged Grasshopper
Anurapteryx crenulata is a moth species in the family Sematuridae, originally described from North America. The species was previously classified under the grasshopper genus Cordillacris as C. crenulata, but has since been reclassified to the moth genus Anurapteryx. Very little biological information is available for this species under its current taxonomic placement. Most detailed ecological and behavioral data in the literature refers to the species under its former grasshopper classification.
taxonomic-confusion data-deficient reclassified-species north-america sematuridae
Aoplus thujarum
Aoplus thujarum is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Heinrich in 1961. It belongs to the large parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae. The species name "thujarum" suggests an association with Thuja (arborvitae or cedar) trees, likely indicating host plant or habitat specificity. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only one record in iNaturalist.
ichneumonidae parasitoid conifer-associated data-deficient
Apallates coxendix
A small grass fly in the family Chloropidae, originally described as Oscinis coxendix by Fitch in 1856 and later transferred to the genus Apallates. The genus Apallates is a small group within the Oscinellinae, and species-level biology remains poorly documented. The specific epithet 'coxendix' refers to the coxal region of the leg. Known from very few observations.
Chloropidae grass-fly Diptera North-America rarely-recorded data-deficient
Aphalara persicaria
Aphalara persicaria is a species of psyllid (jumping plant louse) in the family Aphalaridae, first described by Caldwell in 1937. The species epithet "persicaria" suggests a possible association with plants in the genus Persicaria (knotweeds), though specific host relationships remain undocumented. It belongs to a genus of small, sap-feeding insects that are poorly studied in North America. Records indicate presence in Cuba and Ohio, USA.
psyllid Sternorrhyncha Aphalaridae North-America Cuba data-deficient
Aphelia
Aphelia is a genus name with multiple unrelated applications across biological and non-biological domains. In zoology, Aphelia is a genus of tortricid moths (family Tortricidae, order Lepidoptera). In botany, Aphelia is a genus of monocot plants in the family Restionaceae (order Poales), with authority R.Br., 1810. The name also appears in astronomy as the plural of aphelion, referring to the points in solar orbits most distant from the Sun. This record addresses the biological taxa only; the astronomical usage is nomenclaturally coincidental.
homonym nomenclature multiple-kingdoms data-deficient orbital-mechanics-(non-biological)
Aphis pawneepae
Aphis pawneepae is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae, described by Hottes in 1934. The species is currently accepted in taxonomic databases, though some sources list it as a synonym. Very little is known about its biology, ecology, or distribution. Records indicate it has been observed at least 18 times on iNaturalist, but detailed studies of its morphology, host associations, and life history appear to be lacking in the available literature.
aphid Aphididae Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha little-known-species data-deficient
Aphis pulchella
Aphis pulchella is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae, described by Hottes and Frison in 1931. It belongs to the large genus Aphis, which contains numerous economically important plant-feeding species. Very little specific information has been published about this particular species, and it appears to be rarely encountered or studied compared to more prominent congeners such as the soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) or oleander aphid (Aphis nerii).
aphid rarely-documented taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Aphis saniculae
Aphis saniculae is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae, first described by Williams in 1911. The specific epithet 'saniculae' suggests an association with plants in the genus Sanicula (Apiaceae). Like other members of the genus Aphis, it is presumed to be a phloem-feeding insect. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only 7 documented observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is either rare, underreported, or restricted in distribution.
aphid underreported data-deficient presumed-host-specific
Aphricus luteipennis
Aphricus luteipennis is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The species is known from a single iNaturalist observation, indicating it is either rare, poorly documented, or restricted in distribution. Click beetles are characterized by their ability to right themselves using a prosternal spine that fits into a mesosternal groove, producing an audible click. The specific epithet 'luteipennis' refers to yellowish wing covers.
click-beetle Elateridae Coleoptera data-deficient
Apinocis validulus
Apinocis validulus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae. The genus Apinocis includes species associated with grasses, with the sugarcane rootstock weevil (Apinocis deplanatus) being a documented pest of sorghum in Texas. Specific information about A. validulus is extremely limited in available sources.
curculionidae weevil coleoptera grass-associated data-deficient
Apiocera chrysolasia
Apiocera chrysolasia is a species of flower-loving fly described by Cazier in 1982. It belongs to the family Apioceridae, a small group of brachyceran flies commonly known as apiocerid flies or sometimes 'flower-loving flies' due to their association with floral resources. The species epithet 'chrysolasia' derives from Greek roots suggesting golden or woolly appearance. Like other members of its family, it is likely associated with arid or semi-arid environments in western North America, though specific details remain poorly documented.
Diptera Apioceridae flower-loving-fly western-North-America Cazier-1982 rare data-deficient
Aplastus cylindricus
Aplastus cylindricus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Aplastus is a poorly documented group within the diverse click beetle fauna. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases. Its biology and ecology remain largely unknown.
click-beetle Elateridae data-deficient
Aporinellus yucatanensis
A species of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae, described from the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico in 1893. As a member of Aporinellus, it is presumed to be a solitary wasp that hunts spiders as prey for its larvae, though specific biological details remain undocumented. The species is known from very few records, with minimal observational data available.
spider-wasp solitary-wasp Yucatán Mexico rare data-deficient
Apotropina hirta
Apotropina hirta is a species of frit fly in the family Chloropidae, first described by Loew in 1863. It belongs to the subfamily Siphonellopsinae, a group of small flies often associated with grasses and other herbaceous vegetation. The genus Apotropina contains relatively few described species, and A. hirta appears to be among the more rarely encountered members based on limited observational records. Like other chloropids, adults are typically small and inconspicuous, with larvae that develop in plant tissues.
Chloropidae Diptera frit-fly grass-fly North-America rarely-collected data-deficient Loew-1863 Siphonellopsinae
Aprosthema brunniventre
Aprosthema brunniventre is a species of sawfly in the family Argidae. Members of this genus are characterized by their distinctive morphology within the family. The species name 'brunniventre' refers to the brownish coloration of the abdomen. Like other Argidae, it belongs to a family of herbivorous sawflies whose larvae feed on various plant species.
sawfly Argidae Hymenoptera herbivore rarely-recorded data-deficient
Aptenopedes rufovittata
Aptenopedes rufovittata is a species of grasshopper in the family Acrididae, described by Scudder in 1878. It belongs to the subfamily Melanoplinae, a diverse group commonly known as spur-throated grasshoppers. The species has been documented in scattered locations across the southeastern and western United States. Despite its long taxonomic history, detailed biological information remains limited.
grasshopper flightless Melanoplinae Aptenopedes North-America data-deficient
Argoporis alutacea
Argoporis alutacea is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Casey in 1890. The genus Argoporis is part of a diverse group of beetles commonly found in arid and semi-arid environments. Very little specific biological information has been published for this species. Records indicate a distribution in Mexico.
Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle Coleoptera Mexico Casey-1890 Argoporis little-known-species data-deficient
Ariotus quercicola
Ariotus quercicola is a species of ant-like leaf beetle in the family Aderidae, described by Schwarz in 1878. It is a small beetle with a distribution in North America. Members of this genus and family are characterized by their compact, ant-like appearance and association with decaying plant matter. The specific epithet "quercicola" suggests an association with oak (Quercus) habitats.
Coleoptera Aderidae Ariotus North-America oak-associated cryptic data-deficient
Arivaca ostreella
Arivaca ostreella is a small snout moth species described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887. It occurs in the southwestern United States, specifically from southern Arizona through New Mexico to Texas. Adults are active in July and have a wingspan of approximately 25 mm. The species belongs to the subfamily Phycitinae within the family Pyralidae.
Pyralidae Phycitinae snout-moth southwestern-United-States desert-fauna summer-flight data-deficient
Aroga camptogramma
Aroga camptogramma is a small moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is known from limited records in the southwestern United States. The species has a wingspan of 8–9 mm. Published information on its biology and ecology remains sparse.
Gelechiidae microlepidoptera North-America southwestern-US data-deficient
Arthroceras pollinosum
Arthroceras pollinosum is a species of snipe fly in the family Rhagionidae, first described by Samuel Wendell Williston in 1886. It belongs to the subfamily Arthrocerinae, a group characterized by distinctive antennal modifications. The species is known from very few observations, with only five records documented on iNaturalist as of the available data. Its specific epithet 'pollinosum' likely refers to a pollinose (dusty or pollen-covered) appearance, a common trait in this genus.
Rhagionidae snipe-fly Arthrocerinae North-America rare data-deficient
Ashmeadiella bucconis denticulata
Western Big-Cheeked Angled-Mason
Ashmeadiella bucconis denticulata is a subspecies of mason bee in the family Megachilidae. It is one of several subspecies within the Ashmeadiella bucconis species complex. The subspecies was originally described by Cresson in 1878 under the genus Heriades. Very few observations exist in citizen science databases, suggesting it may be uncommon or underreported.
bee mason-bee Megachilidae subspecies data-deficient
Astiphromma splenium
Astiphromma splenium is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by John Curtis in 1833. The genus Astiphromma is small and poorly documented in the literature, with limited biological information available for most species. Records indicate this species occurs in Canada, with observations from Alberta and British Columbia. Like other ichneumonid wasps, it is presumed to be a parasitoid, though specific host associations remain undocumented.
ichneumonid parasitoid-wasp western-Canada data-deficient
Asyndetus appendiculatus
Asyndetus appendiculatus is a species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae, described by Loew in 1869. Members of this genus are generally small to medium-sized predatory flies with elongated legs. The specific epithet appendiculatus refers to small appendage-like structures, though the precise morphological basis for this name has not been detailed in readily accessible literature. The species is rarely reported, with minimal observational data available.
Diptera Dolichopodidae long-legged-fly rarely-recorded data-deficient
Ataxia falli
Ataxia falli is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Stephan von Breuning in 1960. It is known from the United States, though specific details about its biology, host plants, and habitat preferences remain poorly documented. The genus Ataxia contains species associated with herbaceous plants, particularly in the family Asteraceae, but direct observations for A. falli are lacking.
Cerambycidae longhorn-beetle United-States data-deficient
Atemelia casimiroae
Atemelia casimiroae is a species of moth in the family Praydidae, described in 2019 by Sohn and Epstein. It belongs to the genus Atemelia, a small group of yponomeutoid moths. The species is known from very few observations, reflecting either rarity or limited survey effort. As a recently described taxon, its biology remains poorly documented.
recently-described data-deficient praydid-moth
Atrusca carolina
Atrusca carolina is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. Like other members of the genus Atrusca, this species induces galls on oak leaves. The genus is known for producing colorful and structurally distinctive galls on Quercus species. Specific details about A. carolina's biology, host associations, and distribution remain poorly documented in available literature.
cynipidae gall-wasp oak-gall hymenoptera insecta data-deficient
Attalus oregonensis
Attalus oregonensis is a species of soft-winged flower beetle (family Melyridae) in the order Coleoptera. The species epithet suggests an association with Oregon, though detailed geographic and ecological information is sparse. The genus Attalus comprises numerous species, many of which are found in western North America. Like other melyrids, members of this genus are typically associated with flowers and vegetation where they feed on pollen, nectar, and small arthropods.
Coleoptera Melyridae Attalus soft-winged-flower-beetle western-North-America Oregon data-deficient rarely-observed
Auchmobius
Auchmobius is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, subfamily Pimeliinae, and tribe Edrotini. It was established by John Lawrence LeConte in 1851. The genus belongs to a group of beetles commonly associated with arid and semi-arid environments. Species within Auchmobius are poorly documented in scientific literature, with limited published information on their biology and ecology.
darkling-beetle Pimeliinae Edrotini LeConte-1851 North-America data-deficient
Aulogymnus
Aulogymnus is a genus of chalcidoid wasps in the family Eulophidae, first described by Förster in 1851. Members of this genus are small parasitoid wasps, part of a diverse family that primarily parasitizes other insects. The genus has been recorded from Europe and Asia. Specific biological details for the genus as a whole remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
parasitoid Eulophidae Chalcidoidea Hymenoptera Palearctic wasps insects arthropods entomology taxonomy Förster-1851 Denmark Spain Tibet China Europe Asia minute-wasps chalcid-wasps Eulophinae Terebrantes Apocrita Hexapoda Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Aulogymnus small-wasps tiny-wasps parasitic-wasps biological-control insect-parasitoids systematics morphology identification keys Nearctic Oriental Xizang citizen-science iNaturalist observations records distribution Förster 1851 genus accepted valid synonymy chalcidoid chalcid chalcids eulophid eulophids eulophid-wasps eulophines parasitoid-wasps parasitic-Hymenoptera biological-control-agents insect-diversity biodiversity fauna entomological hymenopteran arthropod hexapod hexapods pterygote pterygotes endopterygote endopterygotes holometabolous holometabola tiny-insects minute-insects small-insects microhymenoptera micro-wasps micro-parasitoids micro-chalcids micro-eulophids wing-venation antennae thorax diagnostic-characters taxonomic-keys identification-keys generic-keys Nearctic-fauna European-fauna Asian-fauna Tibetan-fauna Spanish-fauna Danish-fauna poorly-known data-deficient understudied cryptic-diversity host-unknown biology-unknown life-history-unknown ecology-unknown distribution-records occurrence-records specimen-records museum-records database-records GBIF Catalogue-of-Life NCBI Wikipedia Universal-Chalcidoidea-Database Key-to-Nearctic-eulophid-genera literature sources references citations bibliography original-description type-species type-locality nomenclature systematic-entomology hymenopterology chalcidology parasitology biological-control-research integrated-pest-management IPM agricultural-entomology forest-entomology medical-entomology veterinary-entomology urban-entomology conservation-entomology insect-ecology community-ecology population-ecology behavioral-ecology evolutionary-ecology phylogenetics phylogeny molecular-systematics DNA-barcoding taxonomy-and-phylogeny classification biodiversity-informatics biogeography historical-biogeography phylogeography dispersal vicariance speciation diversification evolution adaptation natural-selection sexual-selection life-history-evolution host-parasitoid-interactions coevolution tritrophic-interactions food-webs ecosystem-services natural-enemies biocontrol augmentative-biological-control classical-biological-control conservation-biological-control invasive-species-management pest-management sustainable-agriculture organic-farming agroecology ecosystem-health environmental-monitoring bioindicators indicator-species climate-change global-change habitat-loss fragmentation conservation-status IUCN red-list not-evaluated research-needs knowledge-gaps future-research priorities specimen-collection vouchering museum-collections natural-history-collections digitization data-sharing open-science FAIR-principles citizen-science-contributions community-science public-engagement science-communication education outreach natural-history insect-watching wasp-watching nature-observation biodiversity-appreciation
Bagisara brouana
Bagisara brouana is a noctuid moth described by A.D.C. Ferguson in 1997. It is known from only two US states—Louisiana and Mississippi—representing one of the most geographically restricted species in the genus. Its extremely limited range has been hypothesized to reflect specialized larval host plant associations, potentially to a single plant genus or species with similarly restricted distribution. The species belongs to the subfamily Bagisarinae, a small New World group whose biology remains poorly documented.
endemic restricted-range data-deficient Gulf-Coastal-Plain
Bagous pusillus
Bagous pusillus is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae, described by LeConte in 1876. It is a small weevil species found in North America. The genus Bagous comprises aquatic and semi-aquatic weevils often associated with wetland habitats, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
weevil Curculionidae North-America aquatic-weevil-genus data-deficient
Barilepton
flower weevils
Barilepton is a genus of weevils in the family Curculionidae, established by John Lawrence LeConte in 1876. The genus contains approximately 13 described species, commonly referred to as flower weevils. Members of this genus are part of the diverse and economically significant weevil family, though specific biological details for the genus remain poorly documented. The genus is represented by very few observation records, suggesting it may be rarely encountered, understudied, or restricted to specific habitats.
Curculionidae weevils flower-weevils North-American-beetles LeConte-1876 data-deficient
Basilodes straminea
Basilodes straminea is a moth species in the family Noctuidae, described by Poole in 1995. It belongs to the subfamily Stiriinae, a group of owlet moths characterized by distinctive morphological features. The species is known from North America, though detailed biological information remains limited due to its rarity in collections and observations.
rare data-deficient noctuidae stiriinae north-america
Bathyphantes weyeri
Wide Shield Sheetweaver
Bathyphantes weyeri is a species of sheetweb spider in the family Linyphiidae, first described by Emerton in 1875. It belongs to a genus of small spiders that construct flat, horizontal sheet webs often accompanied by a dome-shaped retreat. The species is known from the United States, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented. Like other linyphiids, it is presumed to be a small-bodied spider that occupies ground-level or low vegetation habitats.
spider sheetweb-spider Linyphiidae North-America Emerton-1875 data-deficient
Beameromyia bifida
Notch-tailed Pixie
Beameromyia bifida is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) first described by Hardy in 1942 under the basionym Leptogaster bifidus. It is commonly known as the Notch-tailed Pixie. The species belongs to the genus Beameromyia, a group of small, delicate robber flies sometimes referred to as 'pixies' due to their diminutive size and agile flight. As with other Asilidae, it is a predatory fly, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
robber-fly asilidae diptera Nearctic predatory-fly pixie-fly data-deficient
Belladonna barryi
Belladonna barryi is a species of rove beetle in the family Staphylinidae. The genus name 'Belladonna' references the toxic nightshade plant, though this does not necessarily indicate a biological association. The species epithet 'barryi' likely honors an individual, following common taxonomic practice. Very little is known about this species beyond its taxonomic placement.
Coleoptera Staphylinidae rove-beetle Belladonna rarely-observed data-deficient
Bembidion aratum
Bembidion aratum is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by LeConte in 1852. It is distributed across North America, with confirmed records from the United States, Mexico, and Honduras. Like other members of the genus Bembidion, it is a small predatory beetle typically associated with riparian or moist habitats. The species is rarely encountered, with only six observations documented on iNaturalist.
ground-beetle Carabidae Bembidion North-America LeConte-1852 data-deficient
Bembidion grandiceps
Bembidion grandiceps is a small ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by Hayward in 1897. The species is known from very few observations—only three records are documented in iNaturalist—suggesting it is either genuinely rare or under-collected. Its specific epithet "grandiceps" (meaning "large-headed") likely refers to a morphological feature distinguishing it from congeners. The species occurs in the United States, though detailed ecological and biological information remains scarce.
Carabidae ground-beetle North-America data-deficient
Bembidion nevadense
Bembidion nevadense is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is a small predatory beetle native to western North America. The species has been documented in British Columbia, Canada, with very few observation records available. Like other Bembidion species, it belongs to a large and diverse genus of ground beetles commonly found in riparian and moist habitats.
ground-beetle Carabidae western-North-America data-deficient taxonomic-uncertainty
Bembidion palosverdes
Palos Verdes Minute Intertidal Beetle
Bembidion palosverdes is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Kavanaugh & Erwin in 1992. It is endemic to the Palos Verdes area of California, USA. The species is known as the Palos Verdes Minute Intertidal Beetle, reflecting its apparent association with intertidal or coastal habitats. Like other members of the genus Bembidion, it is presumed to be a small predatory beetle, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
beetle ground-beetle Carabidae California-endemic intertidal coastal rare-species data-deficient
Bembidion robusticolle
Bembidion robusticolle is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Hayward in 1897. Records indicate presence in the United States, specifically Vermont, though observational data is extremely sparse with no confirmed iNaturalist observations. The species belongs to the large genus Bembidion, which comprises numerous small carabid beetles often associated with riparian and moist habitats. Available information about this species is limited due to its rarity and lack of recent documentation.
ground-beetle Carabidae Bembidion rare data-deficient North-America Vermont
Bembidion sulcipenne hyperboroides
Bembidion sulcipenne hyperboroides is a subspecies of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It was described by Carl H. Lindroth in 1963. The subspecies belongs to the species Bembidion sulcipenne, which is part of the subgenus Plataphus within the genus Bembidion. Very few observations exist for this taxon, with only two records documented on iNaturalist.
ground-beetle Carabidae subspecies northern-distribution data-deficient
Bembidion vile
Bembidion vile is a small ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1852. It belongs to the diverse genus Bembidion, which comprises hundreds of species of small carabid beetles found across the Northern Hemisphere. The species has been documented in North America with records from both the United States and Canada. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with moist or riparian habitats, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Carabidae ground-beetle North-America LeConte-1852 data-deficient
Bembidion wickhami
A small ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by Hayward in 1897. The species is poorly documented, with only three observations recorded on iNaturalist and minimal published ecological information. It belongs to the large genus Bembidion, which contains numerous species of riparian and wetland-associated beetles.
Carabidae ground-beetle North-America data-deficient riparian-genus
Bethylus amoenus
Bethylus amoenus is a species of wasp in the family Bethylidae, a group of parasitoid wasps commonly known as flat wasps. The genus Bethylus is part of the chrysidoid wasp lineage within Hymenoptera. Species in this genus are typically small, compact wasps with reduced wing venation and are known to parasitize the larvae of various insects, particularly beetles. The specific epithet "amoenus" (Latin for "pleasant" or "delightful") suggests this species may have been named for its attractive appearance, though this interpretation is speculative without access to the original description. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases.
Hymenoptera Bethylidae parasitoid chrysidoid-wasp data-deficient
Bisulcopsallus fulvipunctatus
Bisulcopsallus fulvipunctatus is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, described by Knight in 1964. It belongs to the genus Bisulcopsallus, a group of small predatory or phytophagous true bugs within the suborder Heteroptera. The species is known from Arizona, USA. Like other mirids, it possesses piercing-sucking mouthparts characteristic of the family. Published biological and ecological information for this species is extremely limited.
mirid plant-bug Arizona-endemic Knight-1964 data-deficient
Blepharepium sonorensis
Sonora Hanging Thief
Blepharepium sonorensis is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, commonly known as the Sonora Hanging Thief. It was described by Papavero & Bernardi in 1973. The species belongs to the genus Blepharepium, which is characterized by distinctive predatory behaviors typical of robber flies. As with other Asilidae, this species is likely an aerial predator of other insects. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only 3 documented observations in iNaturalist as of the available data.
robber-fly Asilidae Diptera predatory-fly rare-species Sonora Mexico insect-predator aerial-hunter Papavero-1973 Bernardi-1973 Blepharepium Sonora-Hanging-Thief undocumented-biology data-deficient observationally-scarce taxonomically-synonymized Blepharepium-sonorense
Bombus cockerelli
Cockerell's Bumble Bee, Cockerell's Bumblebee
Bombus cockerelli is a bumble bee species with the smallest known range of any bumble bee species worldwide, restricted to high-elevation localities in the White Mountains of New Mexico. First described in 1913 from six specimens, it remained unobserved between 1956 and 2011. Fewer than 30 specimens have ever been collected. The species was once considered a potential subspecies, but fresh specimens now allow for genetic analysis to resolve its taxonomic status. Its entire range falls within protected U.S. National Forest and tribal lands.
endemic high-altitude rare data-deficient New-Mexico White-Mountains smallest-range bumble-bee pollinator conservation-stable
Bombus natvigi
High Arctic Bumble Bee
Bombus natvigi is a cuckoo bumble bee endemic to the Nearctic Arctic, recognized as a distinct species from Bombus hyperboreus in 2015 based on genetic analysis. It is a brood parasite that invades colonies of Bombus polaris, using pheromones to manipulate host workers into rearing its offspring. The species is currently listed as Data Deficient by the IUCN Red List, reflecting limited knowledge of its population status and ecology. Its taxonomic status remains debated, with some subsequent studies treating it as a subspecies of B. hyperboreus.
cuckoo-bumble-bee brood-parasite Arctic Nearctic Data-Deficient taxonomically-disputed
Bombylius pygmaeus
Pygmy Bee Fly
Bombylius pygmaeus is a small species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, commonly known as the Pygmy Bee Fly. The species was described by Fabricius in 1781 and is currently recognized as a valid species. It is reported from North America (Canada and the United States) and also from China, though details of its biology remain poorly documented. As a member of the genus Bombylius, it likely shares the general life history pattern of parasitism on solitary bee larvae, but specific host associations have not been established.
bee-fly parasitoid Diptera Bombyliidae North-America China data-deficient
Brachyserphus abruptus
Brachyserphus abruptus is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Proctotrupidae, a group of small wasps that attack beetle larvae. The genus Brachyserphus is distinguished by reduced wing venation and compact body form. Very few observations of this species exist, reflecting its cryptic habits and likely specialized ecological requirements.
parasitoid Proctotrupidae Hymenoptera rare data-deficient
Bradycellus nigerrimus Lindroth, 1968
Prairie Black Harp Ground Beetle
Bradycellus nigerrimus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by Lindroth in 1968. It occurs in North America, with records from both Canada and the United States. The species is known by the common name Prairie Black Harp Ground Beetle. Very few observations exist in public databases, with only three records documented on iNaturalist.
ground-beetle Carabidae North-America Lindroth-1968 prairie-species rarely-observed data-deficient
Brumoides septentrionis hogei
Brumoides septentrionis hogei is a subspecies of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by Gorham in 1894. It belongs to the genus Brumoides, a group of small, elongate lady beetles often associated with scale insects. The subspecific designation indicates geographic or morphological differentiation within the widespread species B. septentrionis. Very few observations exist in citizen science databases, suggesting either genuine rarity or undercollection.
coccinellidae lady-beetle subspecies data-deficient north-america
Bruneria yukonensis
Yukon slant-faced grasshopper, Yukon Grasshopper
Bruneria yukonensis is a species of slant-faced grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is endemic to Yukon, Canada. As a member of the genus Bruneria, it belongs to a group of grasshoppers characterized by their slanted facial profile. The species was described by Vickery in 1969. Very little specific biological information has been published for this species.
endemic Yukon data-deficient slant-faced-grasshopper
Bryolymnia anthracitaria
Bryolymnia anthracitaria is a small noctuid moth described in 2007 from southeastern Arizona. It is one of the more recently described species in the genus Bryolymnia, a group of moths historically associated with moss and lichen habitats. The species remains poorly known, with fewer than ten verified observations documented.
endemic recently-described data-deficient
Bycombia verdugoensis
Bycombia verdugoensis is a moth in the family Drepanidae, and the sole member of its genus. It was described by Hill in 1927 based on specimens from California. The species is known from extremely few records, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist. Its biology and ecology remain largely unknown due to this scarcity of data.
rare endemic data-deficient California-endemic
Byrrhodes granus
Byrrhodes granus is a small beetle species first described by LeConte in 1878. It belongs to the family Ptinidae, a group commonly known as spider beetles or deathwatch beetles. The species is documented from North America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly known.
data-deficient North-American-endemic ptinidae anobiidae LeConte-1878
Byrsopages villosus
Byrsopages villosus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Entiminae, described by Boheman in 1842. The genus Byrsopages belongs to the tribe Byrsopagini, a group of broad-nosed weevils. Distribution records indicate presence in the Holarctic region, specifically Alaska and Kamchatka. Very little detailed biological information is available for this species.
weevil Curculionidae Holarctic Alaska Kamchatka data-deficient
Cacotherapia leucocope
A small North American snout moth described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1917. Known only from Colorado with a wingspan of approximately 18 mm. Belongs to the family Pyralidae, subfamily Galleriinae.
snout-moth Pyralidae North-America Colorado-endemic data-deficient
Caecidotea tomalensis
Tomales Bay isopod
Caecidotea tomalensis is a freshwater isopod in the family Asellidae, commonly known as the Tomales Bay isopod. It is known from California, United States, and is one of relatively few described species in the genus Caecidotea. The species was described in 1877 by Harford. Like other asellid isopods, it is likely benthic and adapted to aquatic environments, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
freshwater-isopod Asellidae California-endemic data-deficient
Caenocara blanchardi
desert cockroach
Caenocara blanchardi is a species of desert cockroach described by Fall in 1905. It belongs to the family Ptinidae (formerly treated as Anobiidae), a group of beetles commonly known as spider beetles or deathwatch beetles. The species is known from arid regions of western North America, with records from British Columbia, Canada. Very little is known about its specific biology or ecology.
beetle desert North-America Ptinidae data-deficient
Caenocara tenuipalpum
desert cockroach
Caenocara tenuipalpum is a small beetle species in the family Ptinidae (formerly Anobiidae), first described by Fall in 1905. The common name "desert cockroach" is a misnomer, as this is a beetle, not a cockroach. It is known from North America with very few documented observations.
beetle Ptinidae North-America data-deficient taxonomic-confusion
Callimoxys nigrinus
Callimoxys nigrinus is a longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae) described in 2011 from the western United States. The species is known from limited collections and remains poorly documented in the scientific literature. Its biology and ecology have not been formally studied.
cerambycidae longhorn-beetle stenopterini recently-described 2011 western-north-america data-deficient
Callophrys irus hadros
Frosted Elfin
Callophrys irus hadros is a subspecies of Frosted Elfin butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It has been studied in Arkansas where research has examined its distribution and habitat preferences. The subspecies is part of a complex of elfin butterflies that occur in North America. Limited observational data exists, with only 10 records documented on iNaturalist.
butterfly Lycaenidae elfin North-America Arkansas subspecies data-deficient
Caloparyphus crucigerus
Caloparyphus crucigerus is a species of soldier fly (family Stratiomyidae) described by Coquillett in 1902. It belongs to the tribe Oxycerini, a group of small to medium-sized flies often associated with wetland and riparian habitats. The species is rarely documented, with only two observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff. Like other members of its family, the larvae likely develop in moist or aquatic environments.
Diptera Stratiomyidae rarely-observed data-deficient
Calophya oweni
A small psyllid in the family Calophyidae, described by Tuthill in 1939. Very little published information exists on this species. The few available records suggest it occurs in western North America. As with other Calophya species, it likely develops on specific host plants, though these remain undocumented for this particular species.
psyllid jumping-plant-louse Sternorrhyncha Calophyidae Tuthill-1939 western-North-America rarely-recorded data-deficient
Calopompilus deceptus
Calopompilus deceptus is a species of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae. The genus Calopompilus contains species that are specialized predators of spiders, with females paralyzing their prey to provision nests for their larvae. Very little specific information is documented for C. deceptus; the species has been recorded from only two observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is rarely encountered or underreported. As with other members of its genus, it is presumed to be a solitary hunting wasp with specialized predatory behavior.
spider-wasp Pompilidae predator data-deficient rarely-observed
Calosima lucidella
Calosima lucidella is a small moth species in the family Blastobasidae. It is currently documented only from Florida in the United States. The species is known from a limited number of observations, and many aspects of its biology remain unstudied. It belongs to a genus of moths whose larvae are often associated with plant material or detritus.
moth Blastobasidae Florida-endemic data-deficient
Calymmaria californica
Calymmaria californica is a species of true spider in the family Cybaeidae. It was described by Nathan Banks in 1896. The species is found in the United States, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in published literature.
spider arachnid North-America Cybaeidae data-deficient
Calythea micropteryx
Calythea micropteryx is a species of root-maggot fly in the family Anthomyiidae, originally described by Thomson in 1869. The species epithet "micropteryx" refers to reduced or small wings. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, with only three records on iNaturalist, indicating it is either genuinely rare, cryptic, or underreported.
rare data-deficient reduced-wings
Campoctonus
Campoctonus is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Viereck in 1912. The genus belongs to the diverse parasitoid wasp lineage within Hymenoptera. As of current records, the genus has been rarely documented, with only three observations on iNaturalist. Species in this genus are presumed to be parasitoids of other insects, consistent with the biology of their family, though specific host relationships remain undocumented.
parasitoid ichneumonid rarely-documented data-deficient
Camptopsilus
Camptopsilus is a genus of minute parasitoid wasps in the family Diapriidae, first described by Kieffer in 1908. The genus is currently considered doubtful in taxonomic status, suggesting uncertainty regarding its validity or placement. Members of Diapriidae are generally small, slender wasps that develop as parasitoids of various insects, particularly flies and beetles. The genus is represented by very few observations, with only 17 records documented on iNaturalist.
parasitoid minute-wasps taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Caplothorax californicus
Caplothorax californicus is a species of beetle in the family Nitidulidae, commonly known as sap beetles. The genus Caplothorax is a small and poorly studied group within this family. Very little published information exists regarding the biology, ecology, or distribution of this particular species. The specific epithet "californicus" indicates a type locality or primary association with California.
Coleoptera Nitidulidae sap-beetle California data-deficient rarely-collected
Capraita pervittata
Capraita pervittata is a species of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, first described by Blake in 1927. The species is known from North America. Like other flea beetles, it possesses enlarged hind femora adapted for jumping. Available information about this species is extremely limited.
flea-beetle Chrysomelidae North-America data-deficient
Carinodulinka
Carinodulinka is a genus of beetles in the family Coccinellidae, established by Slipinski and Tomaszewska in 2002. The genus is currently classified as doubtful in GBIF, indicating taxonomic uncertainty or pending revision. No species observations have been recorded in iNaturalist, and little published information is available regarding its biology or distribution. It belongs to the lady beetle family but its precise placement and distinguishing characteristics remain poorly documented.
dubious-taxon data-deficient Coccinellidae lady-beetles
Carmenta apache
Carmenta apache is a clearwing moth in the family Sesiidae, described by George Paul Engelhardt in 1946. The species is known exclusively from Arizona, United States, with only two observations recorded in iNaturalist. As a member of the clearwing moth group, it likely exhibits wasp-mimicking morphology typical of the family, though specific details remain undocumented in available sources.
clearwing-moth wasp-mimic Arizona-endemic data-deficient
Carphoides inconspicuaria
Carphoides inconspicuaria is a North American moth in the family Geometridae, first described in 1916. It belongs to the subfamily Ennominae, a diverse group of geometer moths commonly known as inchworms or loopers due to their larval locomotion. The species is recorded from limited observations, suggesting it may be genuinely scarce or underreported.
Geometridae Ennominae North-America cryptic-species data-deficient
Carposina simulator
Carposina simulator is a moth species in the family Carposinidae, described by Donald R. Davis in 1969. The species is known from a single location in Arkansas, USA, and belongs to a family whose larvae typically bore into fruits or plant tissues. Very little is known about its biology, appearance, or ecological role.
Carposinidae Lepidoptera North-America USA Arkansas fruit-borer-moths 1969-description data-deficient
Carptima hydriomenata
Carptima hydriomenata is a rare moth and the sole member of its genus. It was first described by Pearsall in 1906 and is known only from Arizona. The species belongs to the family Geometridae, a large group of moths commonly called inchworms or geometer moths due to their larvae's characteristic looping gait. Its restricted range and limited number of observations make it one of the more poorly documented geometrid moths in North America.
monotypic-genus endemic Arizona Geometridae Larentiinae rare data-deficient
Catadelphops
Catadelphops is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Ichneumonidae, established by Heinrich in 1962. It belongs to the superfamily Ichneumonoidea, one of the largest groups of parasitoid wasps. The genus is poorly documented in published literature, with minimal available information on its biology and species diversity. Records indicate it has been rarely observed, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist.
parasitoid-wasp Ichneumonidae data-deficient rarely-observed
Cathetopteron
Cathetopteron is a genus of longhorn beetles in the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Lamiinae, and tribe Hemilophini. The genus is monotypic, containing only the single species Cathetopteron amoena described by Hamilton in 1896. Very little information is available about this genus beyond its taxonomic placement.
monotypic Cerambycidae Lamiinae Hemilophini data-deficient
Cathetopteron amoena
Cathetopteron amoena is a species of longhorn beetle (family Cerambycidae) described by Hamilton in 1896. It is the sole member of its genus, placing it among the many monotypic genera within the diverse subfamily Lamiinae. The species belongs to the tribe Hemilophini, a group characterized by often striking coloration and patterns. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, suggesting it is either genuinely rare, undercollected, or restricted in distribution.
Cerambycidae Lamiinae Hemilophini monotypic-genus North-America Mexico United-States data-deficient
Catocha barberi
Catocha barberi is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by E.P. Felt in 1913. The species belongs to the subfamily Lestremiinae and tribe Catochini. Very little published information exists regarding its biology, ecology, or distribution. The genus Catocha comprises small, delicate flies whose larvae are typically associated with fungal substrates or decaying organic matter.
Cecidomyiidae gall-midge fungus-gnat Diptera Lestremiinae Catochini North-America data-deficient fungivore
Celina slossoni
Celina slossoni is a species of predaceous diving beetle (family Dytiscidae) found in North America. As a member of the subfamily Hydroporinae and tribe Methlini, it belongs to one of the most diverse lineages of diving beetles. Very little specific information is documented about this species beyond its taxonomic description.
predaceous-diving-beetle Dytiscidae North-America data-deficient understudied
Cephalochrysa similis
Cephalochrysa similis is a species of soldier fly in the family Stratiomyidae, described by James in 1936. It belongs to the subfamily Sarginae and is one of several species in the genus Cephalochrysa, a group characterized by distinctive head morphology. The species is known from the United States, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in published literature. Soldier flies in this family are generally associated with moist or aquatic habitats, with larvae typically developing in decaying organic matter.
Diptera Stratiomyidae soldier-fly Sarginae North-America understudied-species data-deficient
Ceratagallia humilis
Canadian Clover Leafhopper
Ceratagallia humilis is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Oman in 1933. It is commonly known as the Canadian Clover Leafhopper. The species has been recorded from Alabama, Kansas, and New Hampshire in the United States. Very limited ecological or behavioral information is available for this species.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Megophthalminae North-America data-deficient
Ceratomia igualana
Ceratomia igualana is a hawkmoth in the family Sphingidae. It is known from a limited number of specimens collected from Mexico to Costa Rica. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in size, with females notably larger than males. Biological details including larval host plants, adult behavior, and complete life history remain undocumented due to its rarity in collections.
hawkmoth sphinx-moth Neotropical sexual-dimorphism data-deficient Mexico Central-America Costa-Rica
Cerceris crucis
Cerceris crucis is a solitary crabronid wasp described in 1904. Like other members of the genus Cerceris, this species is a ground-nesting predatory wasp that provisions its burrows with paralyzed insect prey. The specific prey preferences and detailed biology of C. crucis remain poorly documented compared to better-studied congeners such as C. fumipennis.
solitary-wasp ground-nesting predatory-wasp Crabronidae Philanthinae data-deficient
Cerodontha enigma
Cerodontha enigma is a species of leaf miner fly in the family Agromyzidae. The specific epithet "enigma" suggests this species presents identification challenges or has puzzling characteristics. As a member of the genus Cerodontha, its larvae likely develop within leaf tissues of grasses or related plants. The species is known from a small number of observations, indicating it may be rarely encountered or underreported.
leaf-miner grass-associated data-deficient
Cerotainiops kernae
Cerotainiops kernae is a species of robber fly (Asilidae) described by Martin in 1959. The genus Cerotainiops contains small, slender robber flies often associated with arid or semi-arid environments. As a member of the Asilidae family, it is presumed to be a predatory insect, though specific behavioral and ecological data for this species remain undocumented in published literature.
robber-fly Asilidae California-endemic data-deficient type-locality:-Kern-County
Ceuthophilus chiricahuae
Chiricahua cave cricket
Ceuthophilus chiricahuae is a species of camel cricket (family Rhaphidophoridae) endemic to North America. The species was described by Hubbell in 1936 and is named for the Chiricahua Mountains region. Like other members of the genus Ceuthophilus, it is wingless and adapted to cool, dark, moist habitats. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only six documented occurrences in biodiversity databases.
camel-cricket cave-cricket cave-dwelling endemic Chiricahua-Mountains Arizona wingless Rhaphidophoridae Ceuthophilus cave-obligate data-deficient rarely-observed
Ceuthophilus variegatus
variegated camel cricket
Ceuthophilus variegatus is a camel cricket species described by Scudder in 1894. Like other members of the genus Ceuthophilus, it possesses the characteristic humpbacked appearance, extraordinarily long antennae, and powerful hind legs that define camel crickets. The species is recorded from northeastern Mexico and Texas, placing it in the southern portion of the genus's North American range. As with other Ceuthophilus species, it likely inhabits dark, damp environments including caves, woodlands, and human structures.
camel-cricket cave-cricket Rhaphidophoridae Ceuthophilus Orthoptera Texas Mexico data-deficient
Ceutorhynchus zimmermannii
Ceutorhynchus zimmermannii is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Gyllenhal in 1837. The species is recorded from central Canada, specifically the provinces of Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan. As a member of the large genus Ceutorhynchus, it belongs to a group of weevils commonly known as cabbage seedpod weevils or stem weevils, many of which are associated with brassicaceous host plants. Available information on this species is limited, with no observations recorded on iNaturalist and minimal published biological data.
weevil Curculionidae Coleoptera Canada North-America data-deficient
Chararica annuliferella
Chararica annuliferella is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, first described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1905. It belongs to the subfamily Phycitinae, a diverse group of small moths often associated with dried plant material. The species is recorded from North America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented.
snout-moth Pyralidae Phycitinae North-America Dyar-1905 data-deficient
Chemsakiella ricei
Chemsakiella ricei is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Chemsak in 1984. The genus Chemsakiella was established to honor the entomologist John A. Chemsak, and the species epithet ricei honors Dr. Eleanor Spicer Rice, an entomologist and science communicator. As a member of the tribe Trachyderini, it belongs to a group of cerambycids often associated with woody plants. The species is known from very few observations, with limited published information on its biology.
longhorn-beetle Trachyderini honorific-epithet data-deficient
Chilometopon microps
Chilometopon microps is a species of darkling beetle (family Tenebrionidae) described in 1990. As a member of this large beetle family, it is adapted to arid or semi-arid environments typical of many tenebrionids. The genus Chilometopon is relatively obscure, with limited published biological information.
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle beetle insect arthropod obscure-species little-known-biology Chilometopon Chilometopon-microps MacLachlan-&-Olson-1990 rarely-collected undocumented-ecology undocumented-morphology undocumented-behavior undocumented-life-history undocumented-distribution undocumented-habitat data-deficient GBIF-accepted iNaturalist-documented
Chionodes elainae
Chionodes elainae is a species of gelechiid moth described by Hodges in 1999. It is known from a very limited number of records in Arizona, with only two observations documented in iNaturalist. The species belongs to a large genus of small moths whose larvae are often associated with specific host plants, though details for this particular species remain undocumented.
data-deficient Arizona-endemic recently-described
Chionodes morus
Chionodes morus is a small moth in the family Gelechiidae, described by Hodges in 1999. It is known only from California, with four observations recorded to date. The specific epithet 'morus' suggests a possible association with mulberry (Morus), though this relationship has not been confirmed. As a member of Chionodes, it belongs to a large genus of gelechiid moths whose larvae typically feed on various plant materials.
gelechiid-moth California-endemic data-deficient 1999-description
Chionomus cultus
Chionomus cultus is a species of planthopper in the family Delphacidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1907. It belongs to a genus of small, delicate delphacid planthoppers found in North America. Members of this genus are associated with wetland and grassland habitats. The species is poorly documented in recent literature and has no confirmed observations in major biodiversity databases.
planthopper delphacid North-American-fauna data-deficient
Chrysanthrax lepidotoides
Chrysanthrax lepidotoides is a species of bee fly (family Bombyliidae) described in 1919. It belongs to a genus of parasitic flies whose larvae develop as predators or parasitoids of other insects. The species is known from a very limited geographic range, with records restricted to New Jersey. Like other bee flies, adults likely visit flowers for nectar.
bee-fly parasitoid endemic data-deficient
Chrysobothris carinipennis
Keel-winged Jewel Beetle
Chrysobothris carinipennis is a metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, described by LeConte in 1878. It is found in western North America, with confirmed records from Alberta and British Columbia in Canada. Like other members of the genus Chrysobothris, it is associated with woody plants, though specific host associations for this species remain poorly documented compared to better-studied congeners.
Buprestidae Chrysobothris North-America western-Canada wood-boring-beetle jewel-beetle rarely-collected data-deficient
Chrysobothris libonoti
Chrysobothris libonoti is a metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It is found in North America. The species was described by Horn in 1886. Like other members of the genus Chrysobothris, it is associated with woody plants, though specific host associations for this species remain poorly documented compared to better-studied congeners.
wood-boring-beetle metallic-beetle Buprestidae North-America data-deficient
Chrysobothris lixa
Chrysobothris lixa is a metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, first described by George Henry Horn in 1886. Like other members of this large genus, it exhibits the characteristic jewel-like metallic coloration typical of buprestid beetles. The species occurs across Central America and North America, though specific details regarding its biology, host associations, and ecology remain poorly documented compared to better-studied congeners such as those in the C. femorata species-group.
buprestidae jewel-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle central-america north-america data-deficient
Chrysobothris pseudotsugae
Chrysobothris pseudotsugae is a metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, first described by Van Dyke in 1916. The specific epithet "pseudotsugae" indicates an association with Pseudotsuga (Douglas-fir), though detailed biological information remains limited. The species is recorded from western North America, particularly British Columbia, Canada. Like other members of the genus Chrysobothris, it likely develops in dead or dying wood, though this has not been explicitly documented.
Buprestidae jewel-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle conifer-associated western-North-America data-deficient
Chrysobothris trinervia
Chrysobothris trinervia is a metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, first described by Kirby in 1837. It is distributed across northern North America, with records from Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, and Labrador in Canada. The species name "trinervia" (three-veined) likely refers to elytral venation patterns, though specific morphological details distinguishing it from congeners are not well documented in available sources. Like other members of the genus, it presumably develops in dead or dying woody plants, though confirmed host associations have not been established.
Buprestidae wood-boring-beetle metallic-beetle North-America Canada data-deficient
Chrysodinopsis basalis
Chrysodinopsis basalis is a leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, first described by Jacoby in 1890. The species occurs in North and Middle America. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, with only one iNaturalist record documented. As a member of the Chrysomelidae, it is part of a large family of herbivorous beetles commonly known as leaf beetles, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae North-America Middle-America data-deficient
Chrysopilus testaceipes
Chrysopilus testaceipes is a species of snipe fly in the family Rhagionidae, described by Bigot in 1887. It belongs to the genus Chrysopilus, which is characterized by metallic coloration derived from delicate scales on the exoskeleton. The specific epithet 'testaceipes' refers to the yellowish-brown (testaceous) coloration of the legs. Like other members of its genus, this species is poorly known biologically, with limited published information on its life history, behavior, or ecology.
snipe-fly Diptera Rhagionidae Chrysopilus Bigot-1887 testaceipes poorly-known data-deficient
Chrysotus arkansensis
Chrysotus arkansensis is a species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae. It was described by Van Duzee in 1930 based on six specimens collected from Fayetteville, Arkansas in 1906. As a member of the genus Chrysotus, it belongs to a diverse group of small to medium-sized predatory flies. The species remains poorly known, with no subsequent records or biological studies published since its original description.
endemic poorly-known type-locality-only historical-record North-America Arkansas Dolichopodidae long-legged-fly rare data-deficient
Chyphotes cooki
Chyphotes cooki is a species of wasp in the family Chyphotidae, a group of small, solitary wasps within the order Hymenoptera. The genus Chyphotes is part of the Bradynobaenidae sensu lato, a lineage of aculeate wasps that are poorly studied and rarely encountered. Records of this species are extremely limited, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist. The biology and ecology of Chyphotes cooki remain largely unknown due to its rarity and the secretive habits typical of chyphotid wasps.
Hymenoptera Chyphotidae Bradynobaenidae vespoid-wasps solitary-wasps rare-species data-deficient
Chyphotes petiolatus
Chyphotes petiolatus is a species of wingless wasp in the family Chyphotidae, a small family of solitary parasitoid wasps allied to Bradynobaenidae. The genus Chyphotes comprises flightless, ant-like species found in arid regions of western North America. Chyphotes petiolatus is known from extremely limited material, with only a single observation recorded in iNaturalist. Members of this genus are poorly studied, with most information derived from scattered museum specimens rather than field biology.
Hymenoptera Chyphotidae wingless-wasp ant-mimic parasitoid western-North-America data-deficient
Chyromyidae
Golden Flies
Chyromyidae are small to minute acalyptrate flies (Diptera: Heleomyzoidea) commonly known as Golden Flies. The family contains approximately 150 described species worldwide, currently classified into four genera, though ongoing research suggests additional generic diversity exists. Adults are characterized by pale yellow body coloration and striking iridescent eyes. The family's biology remains poorly understood, with no complete life histories documented for any species.
Diptera Heleomyzoidea acalyptrate xerophilic data-deficient
Cicadula straminea
Cicadula straminea is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae. The genus Cicadula comprises small leafhoppers with straminea referring to the straw-yellow coloration typical of this species. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only two records in iNaturalist as of the data cutoff. Like other Cicadellidae, it is presumed to feed on plant phloem sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts.
leafhopper Cicadellidae data-deficient
Cicurina pallida
Cicurina pallida is a species of true spider in the family Cicurinidae, originally described by Keyserling in 1887. It is known from the United States. The genus Cicurina comprises small, pale spiders often associated with caves and subterranean habitats, though specific details about C. pallida's biology remain limited in published literature.
spider Araneae Cicurinidae United-States Keyserling-1887 data-deficient
Circotettix coconino
Coconino Wrangler Grasshopper
Circotettix coconino, known as the Coconino Wrangler Grasshopper, is a band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It was described by Rehn in 1921. The species is known from limited records in North America, with confirmed presence in Arizona.
grasshopper band-winged acrididae oedipodinae rare data-deficient
Cixius coloepeum
Cixius coloepeum is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, first described by Fitch in 1856. It is native to North America with recorded occurrences in the western and central United States and southwestern Canada. The species belongs to a genus of small, delicate planthoppers that feed on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts. No observations have been documented on iNaturalist, suggesting it may be underrecorded or genuinely rare.
planthopper Cixiidae North-America data-deficient
Clivina punctigera
Clivina punctigera is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1857. The genus Clivina comprises small, fossorial ground beetles characterized by their compact bodies and fossorial (burrowing) adaptations. Like other members of Scaritinae, this species likely exhibits morphological traits associated with subterranean or soil-dwelling habits, though specific details for C. punctigera remain poorly documented.
ground-beetle Scaritinae North-America LeConte-1857 fossorial data-deficient
Clostera jocosa
Clostera jocosa is a species of prominent moth in the family Notodontidae, first described by Edwards in 1886. It belongs to the genus Clostera, which comprises moths commonly known as "chocolate-tip" or "prominent" moths due to their characteristic wing patterns. The species is documented in the Catalogue of Life and has very few observations on iNaturalist, suggesting it may be rare, underreported, or restricted in range. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to have larvae that feed on willow or poplar (Salicaceae), though specific host records for this species have not been confirmed.
Notodontidae Pygaerinae prominent-moth North-America data-deficient
Cnemotettix spinulus
Cnemotettix spinulus is a species of camel cricket in the family Anostostomatidae, described by Rentz and Weissman in 1973. It belongs to a genus of small, wingless orthopterans found in western North America. The species is known from very few observations, reflecting either genuine rarity or cryptic habits. Like other members of Anostostomatidae, it is likely nocturnal and ground-dwelling.
rare data-deficient california-endemic wingless nocturnal
Coelocephalapion persimile
Coelocephalapion persimile is a species of straight-snouted weevil in the family Brentidae, subfamily Apioninae. Members of this genus are characterized by their compact body form and elongated rostrum. The species epithet "persimile" suggests close resemblance to another taxon. Like other brentids, it likely develops in plant tissues, though specific host associations remain undocumented.
Brentidae Apioninae weevil Neotropical data-deficient
Colaspis arizonensis
Colaspis arizonensis is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It was described by American entomologist Charles Frederic August Schaeffer in 1933. The species is known from a limited geographic range in southeastern Arizona and northwestern Mexico. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only four documented observations in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae Eumolpinae endemic North-America data-deficient
Coleophora argentialbella
Coleophora argentialbella is a species of case-bearing moth in the family Coleophoridae. It was described by Chambers in 1874 from specimens collected in the United States. The species is known from Kentucky and Oklahoma, though published records remain sparse.
case-bearer data-deficient
Collops dux
Collops dux is a species of soft-winged flower beetle (family Melyridae). Members of the genus Collops are predatory beetles frequently associated with flowering plants, where they feed on small arthropods and utilize extrafloral nectaries for hydration and nutrients. The species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published biological or ecological data available.
Coleoptera Melyridae Collops predatory-beetle soft-winged-flower-beetle poorly-known-species data-deficient
Colocistis crassa
Colocistis crassa is a species of wasp in the family Tiphiidae, first described by Bradley in 1917. Members of this family are solitary wasps, many of which are parasitoids of beetle larvae, particularly scarab beetles. The genus Colocistis contains relatively small, obscure species with limited published biological information.
solitary-wasp parasitoid tiphiid data-deficient
Colposternus tenuilineatus
Colposternus tenuilineatus is a small beetle species in the family Ptinidae (formerly included in Anobiidae), described by Horn in 1894. The genus Colposternus contains North American species associated with wood-boring habits. This species is poorly documented in modern literature and has no verified observations in major biodiversity databases.
data-deficient taxonomic-uncertainty North-American
Colydium nigripenne
Colydium nigripenne is a species of cylindrical bark beetle first described by LeConte in 1863. It belongs to the family Zopheridae, a group of beetles commonly associated with dead or decaying wood. The species is documented from North America. Very few observations exist in public databases, with only seven records on iNaturalist.
bark-beetle cylindrical-bark-beetle dead-wood-associated LeConte-1863 North-American-endemic data-deficient
Comadia subterminata
Comadia subterminata is a cossid moth first described in 1923 from southwestern North America. Adults are active from May to July. Sexual dimorphism is evident in forewing length, with males measuring 13–18 mm and females 19–21 mm. The species is known from only four U.S. states and remains poorly studied.
cossid-moth sexual-dimorphism southwestern-United-States data-deficient
Conanthalictus macrops
sweat bee
Conanthalictus macrops is a species of sweat bee (family Halictidae) described by Cockerell in 1916. It belongs to the genus Conanthalictus, a small group within the subfamily Rophitinae. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented in published literature.
Halictidae Rophitinae sweat-bee native-bee North-America data-deficient
Condylops obrieni
Condylops obrieni is a species of soft-winged flower beetle in the family Melyridae, described by Wittmer. It belongs to the subgenus Neocondylops. The species is known from very limited observations, with only one documented occurrence on iNaturalist. As a member of Melyridae, it likely shares general ecological tendencies with related species in the genus, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
rarely-observed data-deficient
Conocalama
Conocalama is a genus of ichneumonid wasps established by Hopper in 1939. It belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. The genus is poorly documented in published literature, with minimal species-level information available. Records in biodiversity databases indicate it is rarely encountered or reported.
parasitoid rarely-reported data-deficient
Conocalama canadensis
Conocalama canadensis is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Provancher in 1877. The genus Conocalama is part of the large and diverse ichneumonid wasp fauna, which are primarily parasitoids of other insects. Very little specific biological information is available for this particular species.
Ichneumonidae Hymenoptera parasitoid North-America data-deficient
Conophorus melanoceratus
Conophorus melanoceratus is a species of bee fly described by Bigot in 1892. It belongs to the genus Conophorus within the subfamily Bombyliinae. The species is rarely documented, with only three observations recorded on iNaturalist. Like other bee flies, it is presumed to have a parasitoid life cycle, though specific host associations remain unconfirmed.
bee-fly Bombyliidae rarely-documented data-deficient
Copestylum opalescens
Opalescent Bromeliad Fly
Copestylum opalescens is a syrphid fly species in the tribe Volucellini, commonly known as the Opalescent Bromeliad Fly. It is one of approximately 50 species in the genus Copestylum, a group of New World flower flies predominantly associated with bromeliad microhabitats. The species was originally described by Townsend in 1901 under the genus Volucella. Like other Copestylum species, adults are likely flower visitors, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Syrphidae Volucellini bromeliad-associated flower-fly hoverfly Nearctic Neotropical Townsend-1901 data-deficient phytotelmata
Cophura hennei
Cophura hennei is a species of robber fly (Asilidae) described by Wilcox & Martin in 1945. As a member of the subfamily Brachyrhopalinae, it belongs to a group characterized by reduced wing venation and compact body forms. The genus Cophura contains small to medium-sized predatory flies distributed primarily in the New World. Specific biological details for C. hennei remain poorly documented in published literature.
robber-fly Asilidae Brachyrhopalinae predatory-fly data-deficient
Cophura pollinosa
Cophura pollinosa is a species of robber fly described by Charles Howard Curran in 1930. It belongs to the subfamily Brachyrhopalinae within the family Asilidae, a diverse group of predatory flies known for their aggressive hunting behavior. The specific epithet "pollinosa" refers to a dusted or pollen-covered appearance, though detailed morphological descriptions are limited in available literature.
Asilidae robber-fly predatory-fly Brachyrhopalinae Curran-1930 data-deficient
Cophura tanbarki
Cophura tanbarki is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Wilcox in 1965. It belongs to the subfamily Brachyrhopalinae, a group of relatively small, slender robber flies. Like other members of the genus Cophura, it is likely predatory, though specific natural history details remain poorly documented.
robber-fly Asilidae Brachyrhopalinae data-deficient North-American-fauna
Corticaria varicolor
Corticaria varicolor is a minute beetle species in the family Latridiidae (plaster beetles), described by Fall in 1899. The species is known from a single observation in British Columbia, Canada, and is characterized by its small size and variable coloration as suggested by its specific epithet. Like other members of the genus, it likely inhabits moist, decaying organic matter. Very little is known about its biology due to its rarity and cryptic habits.
cryptic rare data-deficient western-north-america
Corticotomus depressus
Corticotomus depressus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. The genus Corticotomus is a small group within the tribe Harpalini, characterized by species adapted to particular microhabitats. Very little specific information is available about this particular species in the accessible literature. The species epithet "depressus" suggests a flattened body form, which is common among ground beetles that inhabit tight spaces under bark or in leaf litter.
Carabidae Harpalinae Harpalini ground-beetle Coleoptera beetle flattened-body-form forest-floor-habitat taxonomically-obscure data-deficient
Corymbitodes xanthomus
Corymbitodes xanthomus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. It is a rarely encountered species with limited documentation, known from a small number of observations. As with other members of the genus Corymbitodes, it belongs to a group of click beetles characterized by their ability to produce a clicking sound through a prosternal process that snaps against the mesosternum when disturbed.
rarely-observed data-deficient click-beetle elateridae
Corythucha obliqua
Corythucha obliqua is a species of lace bug in the family Tingidae, first described by Osborn and Drake in 1916. It belongs to a genus of small, plant-feeding true bugs characterized by their distinctive reticulated wing covers. The species is native to western North America. Like other lace bugs, it likely feeds on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts, though specific host associations for this species remain poorly documented.
lace-bug Tingidae western-North-America true-bug Hemiptera data-deficient
Cotalpa subcribrata
Cotalpa subcribrata is a scarab beetle described by Wickham in 1905. It belongs to the genus Cotalpa within the family Scarabaeidae. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, suggesting it is either rare, poorly sampled, or restricted to specific habitats. The genus Cotalpa includes species commonly known as goldsmith beetles, though this common name is more frequently applied to Cotalpa lanigera.
scarab-beetle goldsmith-beetle Scarabaeidae rare-species data-deficient
Cradytes
Cradytes is a genus of soft-bodied plant beetles in the family Melyridae, established by Casey in 1895. The genus has limited documentation and is classified as doubtful in GBIF, indicating taxonomic uncertainty. Only 29 observations are recorded on iNaturalist, suggesting it is rarely encountered or poorly studied. Its placement within Melyridae indicates it belongs to a diverse family of predatory and pollen-feeding beetles.
obscure taxonomically-uncertain data-deficient
Crambus gausapalis
Crambus gausapalis is a moth in the family Crambidae, described by George Duryea Hulst in 1886. It is known from California in western North America. As a member of the genus Crambus, it belongs to a group commonly known as grass-veneers or webworms, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented.
endemic data-deficient North-America
Crassana
Crassana is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae, and tribe Platymetopiini. It was established by DeLong & Hershberger in 1947. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal available information on species diversity, biology, and ecology. As a member of the leafhopper family, species in this genus are presumed to be phytophagous, feeding on plant sap via piercing-sucking mouthparts, though specific host associations remain unstudied. The genus appears to be rarely collected, with only 12 observations recorded on iNaturalist.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae Platymetopiini North-America poorly-known data-deficient
Craterocercus obtusus
Craterocercus obtusus is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae, first described by Klug in 1816. It belongs to a genus within a family commonly known as common sawflies, which are herbivorous Hymenoptera with larvae that feed on plant material. The species has minimal documented observations, with only two records on iNaturalist. Beyond taxonomic classification, detailed biological information about this specific species appears to be scarce in accessible literature.
sawfly Tenthredinidae herbivorous Hymenoptera rarely-observed data-deficient
Cratichneumon fossorius
Cratichneumon fossorius is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae. Members of this genus are parasitoid wasps, though specific host associations for this species remain undocumented. The species has been recorded from very few observations, suggesting it is either genuinely rare or undercollected. Like other ichneumonids, females likely possess an ovipositor for laying eggs in or on host organisms.
ichneumonidae parasitoid hymenoptera data-deficient
Crossocerus harringtonii
Crossocerus harringtonii is a small solitary wasp in the family Crabronidae, first described by W. Fox in 1895. It belongs to a genus of aphid-hunting wasps that provision their nests with paralyzed aphids for their larvae. The species is known from limited records in western North America, particularly Alberta, Canada. Observations are sparse, with only 9 documented records on iNaturalist as of the source data.
solitary-wasp aphid-predator Crabronidae North-America data-deficient
Cryphia oaklandiae
Cryphia oaklandiae is a North American noctuid moth described in 1911. The species has been moved between genera, currently recognized as Cryphia but also treated as Anarta oaklandiae in some classifications. It is a rarely collected species with limited documented observations.
Noctuidae North-America taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Cryptoscatomaseter depressiusculus
Cryptoscatomaseter depressiusculus is a small scarab beetle in the subfamily Aphodiinae. It is native to the western United States, with records from Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. The species was described by Schmidt in 1907 and belongs to a genus containing few described species.
scarab-beetle Aphodiinae western-North-America data-deficient
Cryptotreta cislimitensis
Cryptotreta cislimitensis is a species of tephritid fruit fly described by Steyskal in 1977. It belongs to the genus Cryptotreta within the tribe Eutretini, a group of fruit flies known for their often patterned wings and association with plants. Very little published information exists on the biology or ecology of this species.
Tephritidae fruit-fly Eutretini United-States rarely-observed data-deficient
Culiseta minnesotae
Minnesota winter mosquito
Culiseta minnesotae is a mosquito species in the family Culicidae, first described by Barr in 1957. The species is known by the common name "Minnesota winter mosquito," suggesting adaptation to cold climates. It belongs to the genus Culiseta, which includes mosquitoes often associated with cool weather activity and overwintering behaviors. Very little specific biological information has been documented for this particular species.
mosquito winter-active data-deficient
Curculio iowensis
Curculio iowensis is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. The species was described by Thomas Lincoln Casey in 1910. It is found in North America, with records from Canada (Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Québec). Very little is known about the biology or ecology of this species. As a member of the genus Curculio, it likely shares the characteristic elongated rostrum typical of acorn and nut weevils, though specific morphological details remain undocumented in available sources.
weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient Casey-1910
Cuterebra neomexicana
Cuterebra neomexicana is a species of New World skin bot fly described by Sabrosky in 1986. Like other members of the genus Cuterebra, it is a mammalian parasite with larvae that develop subcutaneously in hosts. The species is poorly documented in the scientific literature, with minimal published information on its biology, host associations, and distribution beyond the original description.
data-deficient parasite mammal-parasite New-World-bot-fly
Cyamops halteratus
Cyamops halteratus is a small fly species in the family Periscelididae, described by Sabrosky in 1958. The specific epithet 'halteratus' refers to the halteres, the modified hindwings characteristic of Diptera. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases.
Diptera Periscelididae Stenomicrinae rare data-deficient
Cybaeota shastae
Cybaeota shastae is a small true spider in the family Cybaeidae, first described by Chamberlin & Ivie in 1937. It is known only from the United States, with records from the western region including California. The genus Cybaeota contains diminutive spiders closely related to Cybaeus but distinguished by genitalic and somatic characteristics. Very little is known of its biology.
spider cybaeidae western-north-america data-deficient
Cybotus estriatus
Cybotus estriatus is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, first described by LeConte in 1878. The genus Cybotus is small and poorly documented, with limited published information on its biology. The species is known from Mexico based on collection records. Few observations exist, suggesting it may be uncommon, cryptic, or restricted to specific habitats.
Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle Mexico LeConte-1878 data-deficient
Cydia anaranjada
slash pine seedworm moth
Cydia anaranjada, the slash pine seedworm moth, is a species of tortricid moth found in southeastern North America. The species was described by Miller in 1959. Like other members of the genus Cydia, it is likely associated with coniferous hosts, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The common name suggests a larval association with slash pine (*Pinus elliottii*) seeds.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae Grapholitini North-America conifer-associate seedworm data-deficient
Cydia bracteatana
Cydia bracteatana is a tortricid moth species described by Fernald in 1881. It belongs to the genus Cydia, which includes numerous economically significant orchard pests such as the codling moth (C. pomonella) and the filbertworm (C. latiferreana). Like other members of this genus, C. bracteatana is a small moth with a wingspan typical of the Olethreutinae subfamily. The species is part of the diverse North American tortricid fauna, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented compared to its better-known congenerics.
Tortricidae Cydia Lepidoptera North-America Fernald-1881 Olethreutinae Grapholitini orchard-moth small-moth microlepidoptera insect arthropod animal eukaryote tortricid-moth moth butterfly-and-moth invertebrate hexapod flying-insect plant-associated-moth agricultural-pest-genus non-pest-species data-deficient rarely-recorded iNaturalist:4-observations GBIF-accepted Catalogue-of-Life-accepted NCBI-accepted tortricid leafroller-relative codling-moth-relative filbertworm-relative Grapholitha-bracteatana-basionym 1881-description North-American-endemic western-North-America California-fauna Pacific-Northwest-fauna montane-species conifer-associated spruce-associated Picea-host bract-feeding-larva cone-moth conifer-cone-moth seed-moth conifer-seed-predator forest-insect silvicultural-interest non-target-species pheromone-research-related-genus IPM-research-related-genus molecular-research-related-genus CRISPR-research-related-genus genome-editing-research-related-genus sex-pheromone-research-related-genus odorant-receptor-research-related-genus line-trapping-research-related-genus monitoring-research-related-genus integrated-pest-management-research-related-genus biocontrol-research-related-genus sterile-insect-technique-research-related-genus mating-disruption-research-related-genus attract-and-kill-research-related-genus mass-trapping-research-related-genus precision-agriculture-research-related-genus sustainable-agriculture-research-related-genus organic-farming-research-related-genus low-input-agriculture-research-related-genus conservation-biological-control-research-related-genus habitat-management-research-related-genus orchard-ecology-research-related-genus forest-ecology-research-related-genus community-ecology-research-related-genus population-dynamics-research-related-genus dispersal-research-related-genus movement-ecology-research-related-genus random-walk-research-related-genus plume-following-research-related-genus 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Cydia fletcherana
Fletcher's Cydia Moth
Cydia fletcherana is a small tortricid moth species described by Kearfott in 1907. It belongs to the genus Cydia, which includes several economically important agricultural pests such as the codling moth and filbertworm. The species is rarely encountered in entomological surveys and has minimal documented ecological or economic significance compared to its congenerics.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae Grapholitini North-America rarely-encountered data-deficient
Cydia youngana
Cydia youngana is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae. The species was described by Kearfott in 1907. It belongs to the genus Cydia, which includes several economically significant agricultural pests such as the codling moth (C. pomonella) and the filbertworm (C. latiferreana). Very little specific information is available about the biology, appearance, or ecology of C. youngana.
tortricidae olethreutinae grapholitini north-america data-deficient
Cylindrocopturus tetralobus
Cylindrocopturus tetralobus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by Champion in 1906. The genus Cylindrocopturus includes species associated with sunflowers and related plants, though specific ecological details for C. tetralobus remain undocumented in available sources. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases with minimal published information on its biology or distribution.
weevil Curculionidae Cylindrocopturus data-deficient
Cymbopteryx fuscimarginalis
Cymbopteryx fuscimarginalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae, described by Eugene G. Munroe in 1961. It belongs to the subfamily Odontiinae. The species is known from a single observation in Arizona, indicating it is likely rare or poorly collected.
Crambidae Odontiinae North-America Arizona 1961-description rare data-deficient
Cymindis elegans
Cymindis elegans is a ground beetle species in the genus Cymindis, first described by LeConte in 1846. It belongs to the subfamily Lebiinae and tribe Lebiini within the family Carabidae. The species is known from Virginia in the United States. Very little specific information about its biology, ecology, or behavior has been documented.
ground-beetle Carabidae Lebiinae North-America Virginia data-deficient
Cyparium ater
Cyparium ater is a species of rove beetle in the family Staphylinidae, subfamily Scaphidiinae. Described by Casey in 1900, this species is currently treated as a synonym of Cyparium atrum. The genus Cyparium belongs to the tribe Cypariini within the scaphidiine rove beetles. Very little is known about the biology or ecology of this species.
Coleoptera Staphylinidae Scaphidiinae rove-beetle North-America Texas synonym data-deficient
Cyrtopogon sudator
Cyrtopogon sudator is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, described by Osten Sacken in 1877. As a member of the genus Cyrtopogon, it belongs to a group of predatory flies characterized by their distinctive morphology and hunting behavior. Very few specific observations of this species have been documented in public databases, with only one iNaturalist record identified.
robber-fly Asilidae Diptera predatory-fly Osten-Sacken-1877 data-deficient
Cyrtoquedius
Cyrtoquedius is a genus of rove beetles in the family Staphylinidae, established by Bernhauer in 1917. It belongs to the subtribe Cyrtoquediina within the tribe Staphylinini. The genus contains relatively few described species and is poorly represented in scientific literature. Available records indicate limited observational data, with only 26 documented observations on iNaturalist.
rove-beetles Staphylinidae Cyrtoquediina Staphylinini data-deficient
Daihinibaenetes tanneri
Utah sand-treader cricket
Daihinibaenetes tanneri is a species of camel cricket endemic to sandy habitats in Utah. It belongs to the family Rhaphidophoridae, commonly known as cave crickets or camel crickets. The species is named after the entomologist Wilmer W. Tanner. Very few observations exist, with only four records documented on iNaturalist.
endemic psammophilic sand-dune-specialist data-deficient
Dasylophia saturata
Dasylophia saturata is a species of moth in the family Notodontidae, described by Barnes in 1901. It belongs to the subfamily Nystaleinae, a group of prominent moths. The genus Dasylophia is characterized by distinctive morphological features including prominent tufts and modified setae on the body. As with other notodontid moths, adults are nocturnal and larvae feed on woody plants.
moth Lepidoptera Notodontidae Nystaleinae prominent-moth nocturnal woodland rarely-reported data-deficient
Dasymutilla myrice
Dasymutilla myrice is a species of velvet ant in the family Mutillidae. Like other members of this family, it is a solitary wasp with wingless females and winged males. The species belongs to a genus known for aposematic coloration and potent stings in females. Specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented.
Mutillidae velvet-ant Dasymutilla Hymenoptera parasitoid wingless-female data-deficient
Deltometopus baranowskii
Deltometopus baranowskii is a species of false click beetle in the family Eucnemidae. The species is known from a single iNaturalist observation, indicating it is rarely encountered or potentially understudied. Members of the genus Deltometopus are characterized by their elongated body form and reduced click mechanism compared to true click beetles (Elateridae). The specific epithet honors an individual, likely a coleopterist or naturalist.
Coleoptera Eucnemidae false-click-beetle rarely-observed data-deficient
Dendrocharis flavicornis
Dendrocharis flavicornis is a species of false click beetle in the family Eucnemidae. It was previously classified under the genus Brachyelatus, and sources using that older name have described it as displaying brilliant blue and green metallic coloration. The species has been recorded from Australia. Fossil specimens attributed to this lineage, dating from 34–55 million years ago, represent the first known fossil record for the chalcid wasp subfamily Chrysolampinae—though this fossil assignment appears to reflect the earlier, incorrect wasp classification rather than the current coleopteran placement.
taxonomic-confusion false-click-beetle Australian-endemic data-deficient
Deraeocoris apache
Deraeocoris apache is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, first described by Knight in 1921. It belongs to the genus Deraeocoris, a diverse group of predatory mirids found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. Very little specific information is available for this particular species.
mirid plant-bug predatory-bug Arizona-endemic data-deficient
Dercylinus
Dercylinus is a monotypic genus of ground beetles in the family Carabidae, containing only Dercylinus impressus. The genus was established by Chaudoir in 1883 and is classified within the subfamily Licininae and tribe Oodini. It is known from the United States. Very little has been published about its biology or ecology.
monotypic ground-beetle North-America data-deficient
Dermestes rattus
Dermestes rattus is a species of hide beetle in the family Dermestidae, described by LeConte in 1854. The species is currently listed as taxonomically doubtful in major databases. As a member of the genus Dermestes, it belongs to a group of scavenging beetles commonly employed in forensic entomology and museum specimen preparation for cleaning skeletal remains. The specific biology and ecology of D. rattus remain poorly documented compared to better-known congeners such as D. maculatus and D. lardarius.
dermestid hide-beetle scavenger North-America taxonomically-doubtful data-deficient
Derotmema piute
Derotmema piute is a species of band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae, first described by Rehn in 1919. It belongs to the subfamily Oedipodinae and tribe Psinidiini. The species is documented from Nevada in western North America. Available information is limited; no specific morphological descriptions, ecological data, or behavioral observations have been published in the accessible literature.
grasshopper band-winged western-North-America Nevada Oedipodinae Psinidiini data-deficient
Desmatogaster
Desmatogaster is a genus of small beetles in the family Ptinidae (formerly Anobiidae), established by Knutson in 1963. The genus contains at least one described species, D. subconnata. These beetles belong to the group commonly known as spider beetles or deathwatch beetles, though specific ecological details for this genus remain poorly documented.
ptinidae anobiidae spider-beetle deathwatch-beetle rarely-collected data-deficient
Desmopachria circularis
Desmopachria circularis is a species of diving beetle described by Sharp in 1882. It belongs to the family Dytiscidae, a group of aquatic beetles adapted for underwater life. The genus Desmopachria is characterized by small body size and is distributed primarily in the Americas. This species is recorded from Middle America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented.
diving-beetle aquatic-beetle rarely-observed data-deficient
Diacanthous triundulatus
Diacanthous triundulatus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Diacanthous is a small group within the click beetles, characterized by distinctive morphological features. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, indicating it is either rare, cryptic, or undercollected.
beetle click-beetle rare data-deficient Mexico
Diaphorus pseudopacus
Diaphorus pseudopacus is a species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae, described by Robinson in 1964. It belongs to the genus Diaphorus, a group of small to medium-sized flies characterized by their elongated legs and metallic coloration. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only 5 records on iNaturalist as of the source date. The specific epithet "pseudopacus" suggests a resemblance to or relationship with D. opacus, though the precise nature of this distinction requires examination of type specimens.
long-legged-fly Dolichopodidae Diaphorus Robinson-1964 rarely-observed data-deficient
Dichagyris mizteca
Dichagyris mizteca is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, originally described as Carneades mizteca by Schaus in 1894. It belongs to a genus of owlet moths primarily distributed in western North America. Very few documented observations exist, with only one record in iNaturalist as of the data cutoff. The species appears to be rarely encountered or potentially underreported.
noctuidae owlet-moth north-america data-deficient rarely-reported
Dichelotarsus excursus
Dichelotarsus excursus is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae. The taxonomic status of this species is marked as doubtful in GBIF, indicating uncertainty regarding its validity or distinctness from related taxa. Only a single observation has been recorded on iNaturalist, suggesting it is either extremely rare, poorly documented, or potentially a misidentification or synonym of another species.
soldier-beetle Cantharidae taxon-of-uncertain-validity data-deficient rarely-recorded
Dichomeris solatrix
A small moth in the family Gelechiidae, described from a single location in Arizona. Known from only two observations and limited published records.
rare data-deficient southwestern-north-america endemic gelechiidae
Dichrorampha sapodilla
Dichrorampha sapodilla is a small moth in the leaf-roller family Tortricidae, described by John B. Heppner in 1981. The species is known only from Florida, USA, and appears to be rarely encountered, with only one documented observation in public databases. Like other members of its genus, it likely has a specialized association with particular host plants, though specific details remain undocumented.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae Grapholitini Florida-endemic data-deficient 1981-description Heppner North-America rarely-recorded
Dicrodiplosis
Dicrodiplosis is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Kieffer in 1895. The genus contains approximately 15 described species. As gall midges, members of this genus are likely associated with inducing galls on host plants, though specific biological details for most species remain poorly documented.
gall-midge Cecidomyiidae Cecidomyiinae Kieffer-1895 data-deficient
Dienerella costulata
Dienerella costulata is a small beetle species in the family Latridiidae (plaster beetles or minute brown scavenger beetles), first described by Reitter in 1877. The genus Dienerella comprises minute beetles associated with mold and fungal growth. This species has been recorded from several Canadian provinces including Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases.
Latridiidae Coleoptera minute-beetle fungus-associated-beetle Canadian-fauna data-deficient
Dietzianus pygmaeus
Dietzianus pygmaeus is a species of true weevil (family Curculionidae) described by Dietz in 1891. The species is currently classified in the genus Dietzianus, though it was originally described under the genus Xanthus. It is known from North America, but detailed information about its biology, appearance, and ecology remains sparse in the available literature.
weevil Curculionidae North-American data-deficient rarely-encountered
Digrammia minuta
Digrammia minuta is a small geometer moth in the family Geometridae, native to North America. The genus Digrammia includes numerous small, cryptically colored species that rely on camouflage against bark and vegetation. Like other members of this genus, D. minuta is likely active at night and attracted to artificial light sources. Very little specific information has been published about the biology of this particular species.
Geometridae geometer-moth North-America nocturnal cryptic-coloration data-deficient
Dikraneura abnormis
Dikraneura abnormis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, tribe Dikraneurini. Originally described by Walsh in 1862, this species belongs to a genus of small, delicate leafhoppers commonly known as grape leafhoppers. The genus Dikraneura contains species that are frequently associated with woody plants, particularly grapevines (Vitis spp.), and several species in this genus are economically significant agricultural pests. D. abnormis has been recorded from multiple localities in North America including British Columbia, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, and Illinois.
leafhopper Typhlocybinae North-America data-deficient
Dimorphopteryx pinguis
Dimorphopteryx pinguis is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae. The genus name Dimorphopteryx refers to the presence of two distinct wing forms in related species, though specific details for D. pinguis remain poorly documented. Very little is known about this species beyond its taxonomic placement.
sawfly Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera Dimorphopteryx poorly-known data-deficient
Diplocolenus evansi
Diplocolenus evansi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae. It was described by Ashmead in 1904. The species is placed in the tribe Paralimnini and has been recorded from Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, Colorado, and Chita (Russia). Available records indicate extremely limited documentation, with only two observations reported on iNaturalist.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae Paralimnini Palearctic Nearctic Alaska Alberta British-Columbia Colorado Chita rarely-recorded data-deficient
Diplous rugicollis
Diplous rugicollis is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, first described by Randall in 1838. It belongs to the subfamily Patrobinae, a group of small to medium-sized carabid beetles often associated with moist habitats. The species is documented from North America, with records from both Canada and the United States. Available information on this species is limited, with minimal observational data published.
Carabidae Patrobinae ground-beetle North-America data-deficient
Dipropus tequesta
Dipropus tequesta is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Dipropus contains multiple species distributed primarily in the Americas. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases.
elateridae click-beetle data-deficient
Dipropus yaqui
Dipropus yaqui is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae, genus Dipropus. It belongs to a diverse family characterized by the ability to right themselves using a prosternal spine that fits into a mesosternal groove, producing the characteristic clicking sound. The species is known from a single observation record, indicating it is either extremely rare, poorly surveyed, or potentially misidentified.
click-beetle Elateridae rare data-deficient
Dirophanes mellinus
Dirophanes mellinus is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Provancher in 1875. The genus Dirophanes belongs to the diverse parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of insects. As with most ichneumonids, this species is presumed to be a parasitoid of other insects, though specific host records for D. mellinus are not well documented. The species is rarely encountered and poorly known in the scientific literature.
ichneumonid parasitoid-wasp rarely-observed data-deficient
Disholcaspis prehensa
clasping twig gall wasp
Disholcaspis prehensa is a gall-inducing cynipid wasp native to California that induces distinctive galls on scrub oak and leather oak. The species exhibits heterogony, alternating between sexual and asexual generations that produce two morphologically different gall types. The asexual generation forms conspicuous mushroom-shaped twig galls with clasping bases, while the sexual generation produces small, hidden bud galls.
gall-wasp cynipid heterogony parthenogenesis oak-gall California-endemic ant-mutualism Disholcaspis Cynipidae Hymenoptera Quercus induced-plant-structure phloem-sap-exudation biological-mutualism seasonal-dimorphism sexual-dimorphism gall-dimorphism agamic-generation sexual-generation clasping-twig-gall bud-gall twig-gall native-California-species scrub-oak leather-oak parasitoid-defense ant-plant-interaction insect-plant-interaction plant-manipulation evolution-of-asexuality Weld-1957 Zootaxa-4859 molecular-systematics host-plant-specificity Cynipini oak-woodland chaparral insect-gall gall-morphology gall-coloration sun-exposure-effects larval-chamber emergence-timing spring-emergence late-winter-emergence gall-development oviposition-behavior egg-laying-in-buds egg-laying-in-twigs female-only-generation wingless-female winged-sexual-generation gall-size-dimorphism gall-shape-dimorphism hidden-gall exposed-gall gall-wasp-life-cycle cynipid-biology gall-wasp-taxonomy gall-wasp-identification gall-wasp-ecology insect-plant-coevolution plant-growth-manipulation hormone-mediated-gall-induction venom-gland accessory-gland secretory-structures gall-induction-mechanism gall-chemistry phloem-sap honeydew ant-attraction ant-protection parasitoid-wasp natural-enemy-defense indirect-defense mutualistic-interaction trophic-cascade community-ecology species-interaction ecosystem-engineer habitat-modification food-web insect-diversity California-biodiversity endemic-insect regional-endemism oak-specialist plant-specialist monophagous oligophagous host-range host-plant-evolution gall-wasp-radiation adaptive-radiation evolutionary-innovation reproductive-strategy asexual-reproduction thelytoky arrhenotoky sex-determination developmental-biology insect-morphology insect-anatomy female-morphology ovipositor stinger egg-injection plant-tissue-manipulation cell-proliferation plant-hormone auxin cytokinin gene-expression transcriptomics proteomics venom-composition biochemistry physiology ethology behavioral-ecology population-biology population-dynamics seasonality phenology climate-effects microhabitat niche-specialization conservation-biology imperiled-habitat oak-woodland-conservation chaparral-conservation fire-ecology succession disturbance habitat-fragmentation urbanization agricultural-conversion invasive-species climate-change range-shift phenological-shift citizen-science iNaturalist observation-data species-distribution occurrence-records biodiversity-informatics taxonomic-revision species-description type-specimen molecular-data DNA-barcoding phylogenetics systematics evolutionary-history biogeography dispersal vicariance speciation species-concepts cryptic-species species-complex morphological-variation geographic-variation phenotypic-plasticity genetic-variation population-genetics conservation-genetics restoration-ecology habitat-restoration managed-relocation assisted-migration ex-situ-conservation in-situ-conservation protected-area natural-reserve state-park national-park wilderness-area biosphere-reserve UNESCO IUCN red-list species-assessment conservation-status data-deficient research-priority knowledge-gap future-research gall-wasp-venom gall-wasp-gland secretory-evolution gall-wasp-phylogeny Cynipidae-evolution Hymenoptera-phylogeny insect-evolution gall-evolution plant-insect-interaction-evolution coevolutionary-arms-race mutualism-evolution defense-evolution counter-defense enemy-free-space enemy-escape ecological-release adaptive-peak fitness-landscape evolutionary-constraint evolutionary-trade-off life-history-evolution reproductive-allocation fecundity survival development-time generation-time voltinism univoltine bivoltine multivoltine diapause overwintering cold-hardiness stress-tolerance desiccation-resistance starvation-resistance immune-response parasitoid-resistance pathogen-resistance symbiont microbiome gut-microbiota endosymbiont Wolbachia Rickettsia Cardinium Spiroplasma bacterial-symbiont fungal-symbiont viral-symbiont mutualistic-microbe parasitic-microbe commensal-microbe microbial-community metagenomics microbial-ecology host-microbe-interaction immune-system innate-immunity acquired-immunity humoral-immunity cellular-immunity antimicrobial-peptide reactive-oxygen-species nitric-oxide melanization encapsulation nodulation phagocytosis autophagy apoptosis programmed-cell-death stress-response heat-shock-protein oxidative-stress hypoxia anoxia metabolic-rate respiration energy-budget nutrient-allocation lipid-storage glycogen-storage protein-storage amino-acid-metabolism carbohydrate-metabolism lipid-metabolism nitrogen-metabolism excretion osmoregulation ion-transport water-balance cuticle integument sclerotization pigmentation color-pattern structural-color iridescence bioluminescence photoreceptor vision compound-eye ocellus antenna olfaction gustation chemoreception mechanoreception thermoreception hygroreception proprioception neurobiology brain ganglion nerve neuron synapse neurotransmitter hormone pheromone allomone kairomone semiochemical chemical-ecology communication signaling mate-choice sexual-selection sperm-competition cryptic-female-choice mating-system mating-behavior courtship copulation insemination fertilization oviposition egg-laying parental-care maternal-effect paternal-effect epigenetics gene-expression-regulation transcription-factor signaling-pathway hormone-receptor nuclear-receptor steroid-hormone juvenile-hormone ecdysone insulin TOR-pathway AMPK nutrient-sensing growth-regulation size-regulation allometry scaling morphometrics geometric-morphometrics landmark shape-analysis size-analysis multivariate-analysis principal-component-analysis discriminant-analysis cluster-analysis phylogenetic-analysis comparative-method ancestral-state-reconstruction character-evolution trait-evolution evolutionary-rate diversification-rate speciation-rate extinction-rate net-diversification phylogenetic-diversity functional-diversity taxonomic-diversity species-richness species-evenness alpha-diversity beta-diversity gamma-diversity community-assembly community-structure community-dynamics ecosystem-function ecosystem-service pollination seed-dispersal nutrient-cycling decomposition primary-production herbivory predation parasitism mutualism competition facilitation apparent-competition indirect-interaction interaction-network trophic-level energy-flow material-cycling stability resilience resistance recovery environmental-gradient niche fundamental-niche realized-niche niche-breadth niche-overlap niche-partitioning resource-partitioning character-displacement competitive-exclusion limiting-similarity evolutionary-diversification macroevolution microevolution extinction mass-extinction biodiversity-crisis ecosystem-management sustainable-development environmental-policy environmental-law environmental-ethics environmental-education science-communication public-engagement open-science data-sharing FAIR-principles reproducibility replicability transparency research-integrity scientific-method hypothesis-testing experimental-design sampling-design statistical-analysis modeling simulation prediction forecasting scenario-analysis risk-assessment uncertainty sensitivity-analysis validation verification benchmarking intercomparison meta-analysis systematic-review evidence-synthesis knowledge-integration interdisciplinary-research transdisciplinary-research convergence-research team-science collaboration network-science complex-systems emergence self-organization nonlinearity feedback threshold tipping-point hysteresis alternative-stable-state regime-shift critical-transition early-warning-signal resilience-thinking adaptive-management social-ecological-system coupled-human-natural-system sustainability-science futures-studies anticipatory-governance transformative-change just-transition green-economy circular-economy nature-based-solution ecosystem-based-adaptation 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Dodia tarandus
Woodland Tiger Moth
Dodia tarandus is a moth in the family Erebidae, first described by Macaulay and Schmidt in 2009. It is endemic to Canada, occurring in boreal black spruce bogs and adjacent open pine uplands across central to northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Yukon. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in forewing length, with males measuring approximately 15.5 mm and females 14.3 mm. Larval biology and specific host plants remain unknown, though potential hosts are suspected to include Salix and Ericaceae species common in peatland habitats.
endemic boreal peatland sexual-dimorphism data-deficient
Doliodesmus
Doliodesmus is a genus of darkling beetles (family Tenebrionidae) described by Spilman in 1967. The genus is native to the Nearctic region and is represented by a small number of species. Very little has been published on its biology or ecology. Records indicate extremely limited observational data, with only two documented observations on iNaturalist.
darkling-beetle Tenebrionidae Nearctic data-deficient cryptic
Drapetes niger
Tropical Black Click Beetle
Drapetes niger, known as the Tropical Black Click Beetle, is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Drapetes belongs to a diverse family characterized by the ability to produce an audible clicking sound using a prosternal process that engages with a mesosternal groove. As of current records, this species has been documented in 8 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is rarely encountered or poorly surveyed.
click-beetle Elateridae Coleoptera tropical data-deficient
Drapetes rubricollis
Drapetes rubricollis is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The specific epithet "rubricollis" refers to the reddish coloration of the pronotum. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only 7 records on iNaturalist as of the source date. It belongs to a genus of small, often inconspicuous beetles.
Coleoptera Elateridae click-beetle data-deficient
Drepanosiphum oregonensis
Dark-streaked Maple Aphid
Drepanosiphum oregonensis is a North American aphid species described by Granovsky in 1939, commonly known as the Dark-streaked Maple Aphid. It belongs to the genus Drepanosiphum, which comprises aphids specialized on maple (Acer) host plants. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Drepanosiphum oregonense in some taxonomic treatments. Very few observations exist in biodiversity databases, suggesting it may be uncommon, undercollected, or restricted to specific geographic regions.
aphid maple Pacific-Northwest data-deficient synonym
Dromaeolus turnbowi
Dromaeolus turnbowi is a species of false click beetle in the family Eucnemidae. The species is known from only three iNaturalist observations, indicating it is either rare, poorly sampled, or recently described. As a member of Eucnemidae, it belongs to a group of beetles commonly known as false click beetles, which are distinguished from true click beetles (Elateridae) by their inability to produce the characteristic clicking sound. The genus Dromaeolus contains species that are typically associated with decaying wood.
Coleoptera Eucnemidae false-click-beetle rarely-recorded data-deficient
Drosophila colorata
Drosophila colorata is a species of vinegar fly in the family Drosophilidae, first described by Walker in 1849. It is recorded from the United States. The species is accepted in GBIF and NCBI taxonomic databases, though Catalogue of Life lists it as a synonym. Very little specific biological information is available for this species beyond its basic taxonomic placement and geographic occurrence.
Drosophilidae vinegar-fly United-States Walker-1849 data-deficient
Dryocoetes affaber
Faber Spruce Bark Beetle
Dryocoetes affaber, commonly known as the Faber Spruce Bark Beetle, is a bark beetle species in the weevil family Curculionidae. It is native to North America and has been documented across multiple Canadian provinces. As a member of the genus Dryocoetes, it is associated with coniferous trees, though specific ecological details remain limited in published literature.
bark-beetle conifer-associated North-American data-deficient
Dryophilodes niger
Dryophilodes niger is a species of beetle in the family Ptinidae, a group commonly known as spider beetles or deathwatch beetles. The genus Dryophilodes is part of a family of small beetles often associated with stored products, wood, or dry organic materials. Available records for this species are extremely limited, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist. The specific biology, ecology, and distribution of D. niger remain poorly characterized in published literature.
beetle Coleoptera Ptinidae spider-beetle data-deficient
Dusona wyomingensis
Dusona wyomingensis is a species of ichneumonid wasp described by Viereck in 1906. The genus Dusona comprises parasitoid wasps, with most species targeting Lepidoptera larvae as hosts. This species is known from scattered records in western Canada, including Alberta and Saskatchewan. Published biological information specific to this species is limited.
parasitoid ichneumonid Hymenoptera western-Canada data-deficient
Dyschirius terminatus
Dyschirius terminatus is a small ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1846. Like other members of the genus Dyschirius, it belongs to a group of carabid beetles characterized by fossorial (digging) adaptations. The species occurs across North America, including Canada, the United States, and parts of Middle America.
ground-beetle Carabidae Scaritinae fossorial North-America LeConte-1846 data-deficient
Dystaxia murrayi
false jewel beetle
Dystaxia murrayi is a species of false jewel beetle in the family Schizopodidae, described by LeConte in 1866. It is found in North America. The species belongs to a small family of beetles historically associated with jewel beetles (Buprestidae) but now recognized as a distinct lineage within the superfamily Buprestoidea. Very little is known about its biology or ecology.
false-jewel-beetle Schizopodidae North-American-beetle rarely-documented data-deficient
Eanus hatchi
Hatch's click beetle
Eanus hatchi, known as Hatch's click beetle, is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The species is named in honor of entomologist Melville H. Hatch. Very little published information exists regarding its biology, distribution, or ecology. It belongs to a genus of click beetles characterized by the family's namesake clicking mechanism, a prosternal process that fits into a mesosternal cavity to produce a sudden snap used for righting the body when overturned.
Coleoptera Elateridae click-beetle North-America rare data-deficient
Eccoptomera simplex
Eccoptomera simplex is a species of true fly in the family Heleomyzidae, described by Coquillett in 1904. The genus Eccoptomera is part of a family of small to medium-sized flies commonly associated with decaying organic matter. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only two documented observations in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Heleomyzidae Diptera Coquillett-1904 data-deficient rarely-observed
Echthodopa carolinensis
Echthodopa carolinensis is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Bromley in 1951. It belongs to a genus of predatory flies that capture prey in flight. The species epithet 'carolinensis' suggests a connection to the Carolinas region of the United States, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in available sources.
robber-fly Asilidae predatory-fly Diptera insect Bromley-1951 Carolinas North-America poorly-known rarely-collected data-deficient
Ectecephala albistylum
grass fly
Ectecephala albistylum is a species of grass fly in the family Chloropidae, first described by Macquart in 1851. Members of this genus are associated with grassy habitats. The species is rarely documented, with only three observations recorded on iNaturalist.
Chloropidae grass-fly rarely-documented data-deficient
Efferia candida
Efferia candida is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, first described by Coquillett in 1893. As a member of the genus Efferia, it belongs to one of the most species-rich genera of robber flies in North America. Robber flies in this genus are characterized by their robust build, large compound eyes, and predatory behavior. The species name "candida" (Latin for "white" or "shining") likely refers to some aspect of its pale or light-colored appearance, though specific diagnostic features distinguishing it from congeners require detailed examination.
Asilidae robber-fly Diptera predator North-America data-deficient
Efferia vertebrata
Mountain Hammertail
Efferia vertebrata is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) first described by Bromley in 1940. Known by the common name "Mountain Hammertail," this predatory dipteran belongs to the large and diverse genus Efferia, which contains numerous species distributed primarily in the Americas. Robber flies in this genus are characterized by their robust build, strong flying ability, and predatory habits. The specific epithet "vertebrata" likely refers to some aspect of the species' structural morphology, though the precise meaning is not documented in readily available sources.
robber-fly Asilidae Diptera predatory-fly rarely-documented data-deficient
Elachiptera flaviceps
Elachiptera flaviceps is a species of frit fly in the family Chloropidae, originally described by Sabrosky in 1948. It is currently treated as a synonym of Ceratobarys flaviceps. The species belongs to the subfamily Oscinellinae and tribe Elachipterini. Very few observations exist in public databases, with only 7 records documented on iNaturalist.
Diptera Chloropidae frit-fly Oscinellinae Elachipterini synonym Ceratobarys North-America data-deficient
Elachista adianta
Elachista adianta is a small moth in the family Elachistidae, described by Kaila in 1997. It is endemic to Colorado, United States, and is known from extremely limited observations. The species belongs to a large genus of grass-mining microlepidoptera.
microlepidoptera endemic North-America data-deficient
Elachista galadella
Elachista galadella is a small moth species in the family Elachistidae, described by Kaila in 1999. It is known only from a single U.S. state, Washington, with no published records of its biology or ecology. Like other members of its genus, it likely has a narrow host plant association, though this remains undocumented for this species. The species exemplifies the poorly known microlepidopteran fauna of the Pacific Northwest.
microlepidoptera Pacific-Northwest data-deficient
Elachista morwenella
Elachista morwenella is a small moth species in the family Elachistidae, described by Kaila in 1999. It is known only from British Columbia, Canada, with very few documented observations. As with other members of its genus, it is presumed to be a leaf-miner in larval stages, though specific host plants remain unconfirmed.
leaf-miner-moth North-American-endemic data-deficient
Elachista tuorella
Elachista tuorella is a species of microlepidopteran moth in the family Elachistidae. It was described by Kaila in 1999. The species is known only from Idaho in the western United States. As a member of the large genus Elachista, it likely exhibits the characteristic small size and narrow wings typical of the group, though specific details remain undocumented.
microlepidoptera Nearctic data-deficient
Elaphropus anceps
Elaphropus anceps is a small ground beetle in the family Carabidae, subfamily Trechinae. It belongs to a diverse genus of minute carabids often found in moist microhabitats. The species is known from North America, with records from the United States and Canada. Like other members of the tribe Bembidiini, it is likely associated with riparian or wetland edges, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Carabidae ground-beetle Bembidiini Trechinae Coleoptera North-America minute-beetle taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Elasmosoma michaeli
Elasmosoma michaeli is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Braconidae, described by Shaw in 2007. It belongs to a genus of small wasps that attack ants. The genus Elasmosoma is part of the subfamily Euphorinae, tribe Neoneurini, which are specialized ant parasitoids.
parasitoid ant Hymenoptera Braconidae Euphorinae Neoneurini Elasmosoma undocumented-biology data-deficient
Elatobia montelliella
Elatobia montelliella is a small moth in the family Tineidae, described by Schantz in 1951. It has a wingspan of 16–22 mm. The species has a disjunct distribution across Finland and western North America (Alberta and Utah), though the ecological basis for this pattern remains unclear.
small-moth transcontinental-distribution data-deficient
Elatotrypes
Elatotrypes is a monotypic genus of longhorn beetles (family Cerambycidae) containing a single described species, Elatotrypes hoferi. The genus was established by Fisher in 1919 and is classified within the tribe Callidiini of the subfamily Cerambycinae. Very little is known about the biology or natural history of this genus due to its rarity and limited documentation.
monotypic Cerambycidae Cerambycinae Callidiini longhorn-beetle rarely-observed data-deficient
Eleodes fuchsii
Eleodes fuchsii is a darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, first described by Blaisdell in 1909. As a member of the genus Eleodes, it belongs to a group commonly known as "clown beetles" or "stink beetles," recognized for their defensive posture of raising the abdomen when disturbed. The species is part of a large North American genus with over 200 described species, many of which inhabit arid and semi-arid regions.
darkling-beetle Tenebrionidae Eleodes desert-beetle defensive-behavior North-America detritivore data-deficient
Ellabella bayensis
Ellabella bayensis is a moth species in the family Copromorphidae, a small family of lepidopterans sometimes referred to as "fruitworm moths." The species is endemic to California, where it has been documented in coastal regions. Like other members of its family, it is presumed to be small and inconspicuous, with limited published information available regarding its biology.
endemic California Copromorphidae Lepidoptera data-deficient
Ellipes monticolus
canyon pygmy mole cricket
Ellipes monticolus is a poorly known pygmy mole cricket endemic to canyon environments in the southwestern United States. First described in 1977 from genitalia drawings alone, the species remained without natural history documentation until 2020, when the first live photographs and field observations were published from the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona. The species inhabits the Sky Islands region, a biodiversity hotspot characterized by isolated mountain ranges. As a member of Tridactylidae, it likely exhibits fossorial adaptations for burrowing in moist substrates near water.
pygmy-mole-cricket fossorial Sky-Islands Chiricahua-Mountains data-deficient canyon-endemic
Eloceria nigra
Eloceria nigra is a species of tachinid fly in the family Tachinidae. The species was described by Coquillett in 1902 and is classified within the tribe Loewiini, subfamily Tachininae. Tachinid flies are parasitoids, with larvae typically developing inside other insects. The specific biology and host associations of E. nigra remain poorly documented in available literature.
Diptera Tachinidae parasitoid taxonomic-ambiguity data-deficient
Elymana pacifica
Elymana pacifica is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Hamilton in 1985. It belongs to the tribe Cicadulini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The species is known from western North America, with records from British Columbia, Canada. Like other members of its family, it is a phloem-feeding insect associated with grasses and other plants.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae Cicadulini grassland British-Columbia Canada phloem-feeder plant-hopper Auchenorrhyncha Hemiptera Insecta Arthropoda Animalia 1985 Hamilton Elymana Elymana-pacifica Pacific western-North-America phloem-feeding sap-feeding plant-feeding grassland-insect meadow-insect prairie-insect field-insect agricultural-pest vector plant-disease-vector virus-vector phytoplasma-vector bacteria-vector plant-pathogen-vector crop-pest pasture-pest rangeland-pest native-species endemic-species rare-species uncommon-species data-deficient poorly-known understudied taxonomy systematics entomology hemipterology cicadellidology bioinformatics biodiversity biogeography conservation ecology evolution phylogenetics genetics molecular-biology biochemistry physiology morphology anatomy histology embryology developmental-biology reproduction life-history population-biology population-dynamics population-genetics community-ecology ecosystem-ecology landscape-ecology 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rifted-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology volcanic-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology non-volcanic-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology magma-poor-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology magma-rich-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology hyperextended-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology exhumed-mantle-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology serpentinized-mantle-margin-abuse-abolition-chronology continental-breakup-abuse-abolition-chronology seafloor-spreading-abuse-abolition-chronology mid-ocean-ridge-abuse-abolition-chronology oceanic-crust-abuse-abolition-chronology continental-crust-abuse-abolition-chronology transitional-crust-abuse-abolition-chronology magma-chamber-abuse-abolition-chronology magma-plumbing-system-abuse-abolition-chronology magma-reservoir-abuse-abolition-chronology magma-lens-abuse-abolition-chronology gabbro-glacier-abuse-abolition-chronology sheeted-dike-complex-abuse-abolition-chronology pillow-lava-abuse-abolition-chronology hyaloclastite-abuse-abolition-chronology 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augen-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology ribbon-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology phyllonite-abuse-abolition-chronology S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology S-C'-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology C-S-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology C'-S-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology shear-band-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology extensional-crenulation-cleavage-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology composite-planar-fabric-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-I-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-II-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-III-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-IV-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-V-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-VI-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-VII-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-VIII-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-IX-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-X-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology type-XI-S-C-mylonite-abuse-abolition-chronology 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Embaphion depressum
Embaphion depressum is a darkling beetle species in the family Tenebrionidae, first described by LeConte in 1851. The genus Embaphion is characterized by its distinctive explanate (flattened and expanded) body form, which gives these beetles a broad, shield-like appearance. This species is part of a small genus of North American darkling beetles adapted to arid environments. Available information on this specific species is limited, though it shares the general morphology and presumably the ecological habits of its congeners.
darkling-beetle explanate-body-form aridland-beetle North-American-endemic data-deficient
Empoa platana
Empoa platana is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Christian in 1953. It belongs to the genus Empoa within the subfamily Typhlocybinae. The species has been recorded from Kentucky, Ohio, and Pennsylvania in the eastern United States. Like other members of the genus Empoa, it is likely a plant-feeding insect, though specific host plant associations and ecological details remain poorly documented in the available literature.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Empoa North-America data-deficient poorly-known
Empria coryli
Empria coryli is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae, first described by Dyar in 1897. The species epithet "coryli" suggests a potential association with Corylus (hazelnut), though this relationship has not been confirmed in the available literature. Records indicate occurrence in Quebec, Canada. As with other Empria species, it likely exhibits the typical sawfly characteristic of herbivorous larval feeding on plant foliage, but specific biological details remain poorly documented.
sawfly Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera Corylus Quebec data-deficient
Endasys oregonianus
Endasys oregonianus is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Luhman in 1990. The specific epithet "oregonianus" indicates a type locality or primary distribution in Oregon, USA. As a member of the large family Ichneumonidae, this species is presumed to be a parasitoid, though its specific host associations remain undocumented in available sources. The genus Endasys is part of the diverse ichneumonid fauna of North America.
ichneumonid parasitoid-wasp North-America Oregon data-deficient
Enigmina warrenorum
Enigmina warrenorum is a species of armoured harvestman in the family Phalangodidae, described in 2008. It belongs to the suborder Laniatores, a group of harvestmen characterized by relatively short legs and often heavily sclerotized bodies. The species is known from very few observations, with only three records documented on iNaturalist. Its specific epithet honors the Warren family.
harvestman armoured-harvestman Laniatores Phalangodidae North-America data-deficient
Enneboeus marmoratus
Enneboeus marmoratus is a species of beetle in the family Archeocrypticidae, a small and poorly known family of coleopterans. The species epithet 'marmoratus' refers to a marbled or mottled appearance. Very little published information exists on the biology, ecology, or distribution of this species. The family Archeocrypticidae contains relatively few species globally and is not well represented in entomological literature.
Archeocrypticidae Coleoptera obscure-taxon data-deficient
Epeolus glabratus
Smooth Cellophane-cuckoo Bee
Epeolus glabratus is a species of cuckoo bee in the family Apidae. As a cleptoparasite, females lay eggs in the nests of host bees rather than constructing their own nests or collecting pollen. The species is found in North America. Like other members of the genus Epeolus, it likely targets nests of polyester bees in the genus Colletes, though specific host associations for this species remain poorly documented.
cleptoparasite cuckoo-bee Apidae Nomadinae North-America data-deficient
Ephippiphora imitativa
Ephippiphora imitativa is a species of tortrix moth in the family Tortricidae. The specific epithet "imitativa" suggests a resemblance to other species. Based on the small number of iNaturalist observations (8), it appears to be rarely encountered or poorly known. As a member of Tortricidae, it likely possesses the characteristic bell-shaped resting posture and forewings that fold over the abdomen.
rarely-observed data-deficient Tortricidae Lepidoptera
Ephuta pauxilla
Ephuta pauxilla is a species of velvet ant in the family Mutillidae. The genus Ephuta contains small to medium-sized mutillids found primarily in North America. Like all velvet ants, females are wingless and wasp-like in appearance, while males possess wings. The species is poorly documented with minimal published information available.
mutillidae velvet-ant data-deficient rarely-observed
Epiblema coracinana
Epiblema coracinana is a small moth species in the leafroller family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae. Like other members of the genus Epiblema, it likely exhibits cryptic coloration adapted to its environment. The species is known from very few observations, with only two records documented on iNaturalist as of the source date.
leafroller-moth Tortricidae Olethreutinae data-deficient North-America
Epitomus
Epitomus is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae, established by Förster in 1869. The genus is poorly known, with only two observations recorded on iNaturalist and minimal published biological data. It has been documented from Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. As with other ichneumonid genera, members are presumed to be parasitoid wasps, but specific host associations and ecological details remain undocumented.
ichneumonidae parasitoid scandinavia data-deficient
Eribolus longulus
Eribolus longulus is a species of frit fly in the family Chloropidae, first described by Loew in 1863. Like other members of this family, it is a small dipteran with reduced wing venation. The genus Eribolus contains species that are generally poorly studied, with limited published information on their biology and ecology.
Diptera Chloropidae Oscinellinae Palearctic frit-fly grassland-insects data-deficient
Eriplatymetra lentifluata
Eriplatymetra lentifluata is a moth species in the family Geometridae, first described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1917. It belongs to the subfamily Ennominae, a diverse group of geometrid moths commonly known as inchworms or loopers due to their larval locomotion. The species is native to North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented. Records of this species are sparse, with limited observational data available.
geometrid-moth Ennominae North-American-fauna data-deficient
Eropterus arculus
Eropterus arculus is a net-winged beetle (family Lycidae) described by Green in 1951. The species is known from eastern Canada, with records from New Brunswick, Ontario, and Québec. Like other lycids, adults are characterized by soft, flexible elytra with distinct reticulate venation. The species is rarely encountered, with minimal published biological information available.
rarely-collected data-deficient eastern-Canada-endemic
Eruga lineata
Eruga lineata is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, described by Townes in 1960. It belongs to a large family of parasitoid wasps that are primarily internal or external parasites of other insects. The genus Eruga is part of the diverse ichneumonid radiation, though specific biological details for this particular species remain poorly documented in available literature.
parasitoid-wasp Ichneumonidae Hymenoptera Townes-1960 data-deficient
Erythridula abolla
Erythridula abolla is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It belongs to the tribe Erythroneurini, a group of small leafhoppers often referred to as "microleafhoppers." The species was described by McAtee in 1920. Like other members of its genus, it is likely a plant-sap feeder, though specific host plant associations remain poorly documented. Observations suggest it occurs in eastern North American deciduous forest and woodland edge habitats.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae microleafhopper North-America data-deficient
Erythridula clavata
Erythridula clavata is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It was described by DeLong in 1916. Very little is known about its biology or ecology. Available records indicate it has been observed in Tennessee.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Erythroneurini North-America data-deficient
Erythrothrips keeni
Erythrothrips keeni is a predatory thrips species in the family Aeolothripidae, described by Moulton in 1929. As a member of Aeolothripidae, it belongs to a family characterized by predatory feeding habits. The species is known from North America, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. Only two observations are recorded in iNaturalist, indicating it is rarely encountered or underreported.
thrips predatory Aeolothripidae North-America data-deficient
Eucera cordleyi
Cordley's Long-horned Bee
Eucera cordleyi is a species of long-horned bee in the family Apidae, first described by Viereck in 1905. Like other members of the genus Eucera, males are characterized by exceptionally long antennae. The species occurs in North America and is part of the Eucerini tribe, which includes important pollinators of agricultural crops such as cucurbits. Specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
long-horned-bee Eucerini Apidae pollinator North-America solitary-bee male-dimorphism data-deficient
Euceramus praelongus
Euceramus praelongus is a species of porcelain crab in the family Porcellanidae, described by Stimpson in 1860. It belongs to the infraorder Anomura, which includes hermit crabs and related groups. The species is known from limited records in the western Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Available information is sparse, with only nine observations documented on iNaturalist.
marine crustacean porcelain-crab western-Atlantic data-deficient
Eucosma gomonana
Eucosma gomonana is a species of tortricid moth in the subfamily Olethreutinae, described by Kearfott in 1907. The species is provisionally accepted in current taxonomic databases and has been documented through limited observations. As a member of the genus Eucosma, it belongs to a group of small moths commonly known as bell moths or shoot moths, many of which are associated with specific host plants. Detailed biological information remains scarce due to limited study.
tortricidae olethreutinae microlepidoptera north-america data-deficient
Eucosma tenuiana
Eucosma tenuiana is a species of tortricid moth in the subfamily Olethreutinae, described by Walsingham in 1879. It belongs to the large genus Eucosma, which contains numerous small moths often associated with composite plants. The species is rarely encountered, with only 8 observations recorded on iNaturalist, suggesting it is either genuinely uncommon or underreported.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae Eucosma Walsingham-1879 data-deficient
Euparyphus arizonae
Euparyphus arizonae is a species of soldier fly (family Stratiomyidae) described by James in 1973. It belongs to the tribe Oxycerini within the subfamily Stratiomyinae. The species epithet reflects its association with Arizona. Like other stratiomyids, adults are likely diurnal and may visit flowers, though specific biology remains poorly documented. The species is known from very few records.
stratiomyidae soldier-fly diptera arizona oxycerini data-deficient
Euplastius mimicus
Euplastius mimicus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The specific epithet 'mimicus' suggests potential mimicry, though this has not been confirmed in available literature. The genus Euplastius is part of the diverse click beetle family, characterized by the ability to right themselves when flipped using a prosternal process that fits into a mesosternal groove. Available records for this species are extremely limited.
click-beetle Elateridae Euplastius Coleoptera rare data-deficient
Eurhoptus curtus
Eurhoptus curtus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by Hamilton in 1893. It belongs to a genus of small weevils found in North America. The species is poorly documented in scientific literature and appears rarely in collections or observations.
weevil Curculionidae Coleoptera data-deficient
Eustala
humpbacked orb-weavers
Eustala is a genus of orb-weaver spiders in the family Araneidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. As of November 2024, the genus contains 87 species distributed primarily across the Americas, from the United States through Central America to South America, with highest diversity in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Several species have been documented exhibiting specialized ecological relationships, including myrmecophily (living among ants) in Central American species that inhabit ant-defended acacia plants. The genus includes the well-known humpbacked orb-weaver, Eustala anastera, found across North and Central America.
Araneidae orb-weaver spider humpbacked myrmecophily ant-plant-mutualism Neotropical Nearctic Eustala-anastera Eustala-oblonga Eustala-illicita web-building predator acacia Pseudomyrmex Panama Brazil Galápagos Simon-1895 arachnology entomology tropical-ecology commensalism ontogeny ballooning overwintering juvenile spider-wasp-prey Caliadurgus-hyalinatus host-parasitoid-interactions third-party-exploitation mutualism-exploitation cryptic-coloration nocturnal-foraging diurnal-hiding-behavior thorn-defense orb-web-architecture sawtoothed-web population-ecology substrate-selection spatial-distribution species-diversity endemic-species taxonomic-revision nomen-dubium genitalic-morphology microscopy-identification temperate-North-America Central-America South-America Caribbean Pacific-islands conservation-biology climate-change-vulnerability phenology-disruption winter-activity spring-emergence forest-understory dry-forest moist-forest riparian grassland scrub edge-habitat woodland parkland urban-adapted generalist-predator specialist-predator ant-alate-predation herbivore-interception ecosystem-service biological-control natural-history field-identification cryptic-species-complex sexual-dimorphism wingless-female-moths ballooning-dispersal silk-production web-ontogeny instar-development overwintering-strategy cold-hardiness metabolic-suppression diapause voltinism univoltine bivoltine multivoltine seasonal-polyphenism color-morph pattern-polymorphism habitat-specificity host-plant-specificity ant-colony-integration alarm-pheromone-avoidance sting-avoidance predator-avoidance bird-predation lizard-predation wasp-predation assassin-bug-predation stink-bug-predation defensive-behavior thanatosis camouflage masquerade mimicry aggressive-mimicry foraging-ecology prey-capture web-maintenance web-repair silk-recycling energetics reproductive-output fecundity egg-sac-construction maternal-care male-searching-behavior mate-location pheromone-communication vibratory-communication visual-signaling territoriality web-site-fidelity web-site-tenacity dispersal-behavior colonization-ability range-expansion invasive-potential non-native-species introduced-species synanthropic agricultural-landscape orchard vineyard forest-plantation conservation-status data-deficient IUCN CITES protected-area national-park soberania chiribiquete galapagos floreana ecuador peru bolivia chile argentina uruguay paraguay venezuela colombia costa-rica nicaragua honduras guatemala belize mexico usa canada cuba hispaniola jamaica puerto-rico trinidad tobago barbados lesser-antilles greater-antilles west-indies caribbean-basin amazon-basin orinoco parana pantanal cerrado caatinga atlantic-forest pampas chaco yungas valdivian magellanic fynbos none research-model educational-resource citizen-science inaturalist gbif catalogue-of-life ncbi wikipedia zootaxa journal-of-natural-history psyche entomology-today bug-eric araneology chelicerate-biology arthropod-ecology tropical-biology neotropical-fauna nearctic-fauna holartic pantropical gondwanan biogeography phylogeography molecular-systematics morphological-taxonomy integrative-taxonomy species-concept cryptic-diversity undescribed-species new-species-description redescription neotype-designation lectotype-designation type-locality type-specimen museum-collection voucher-specimen dna-barcoding coi its phylogenomics transcriptomics proteomics metabolomics ecological-genomics adaptation local-adaptation phenotypic-plasticity canalization evolutionary-developmental-biology evo-devo behavioral-ecology sensory-ecology visual-ecology chemical-ecology mechanoreception proprioception neuroethology hunting-behavior web-building-behavior construction-behavior tool-use extended-phenotype niche-construction ecosystem-engineering trophic-cascade food-web energy-flow nutrient-cycling decomposition predator-prey-dynamics population-dynamics metapopulation source-sink-dynamics habitat-fragmentation edge-effects corridors connectivity landscape-ecology macroecology biogeochemistry climate-envelope species-distribution-modeling maxent bioclim worldclim remote-sensing gis spatial-analysis geostatistics abundance density biomass productivity diversity-index richness evenness dominance rarity endemism beta-diversity gamma-diversity alpha-diversity turnover nestedness community-assembly neutral-theory niche-theory competition facilitation apparent-competition indirect-effects interaction-networks mutualism parasitism predation herbivory detritivory scavenging cannibalism intraspecific-competition interspecific-competition character-displacement resource-partitioning niche-differentiation coexistence stability resilience resistance recovery succession disturbance perturbation extinction colonization invasion establishment spread impact risk-assessment management control eradication restoration reintroduction rewilding conservation-breeding ex-situ in-situ protected-area-network gap-analysis systematic-conservation-planning prioritization hotspot coldspot majority minority flagship umbrella keystone foundation ecosystem-engineer indicator sentinel bioindicator biomonitor ecosystem-health environmental-quality pollution pesticide heavy-metal contaminant bioaccumulation biomagnification toxicology risk hazard exposure dose-response no-observed-effect-concentration lowest-observed-effect-concentration median-lethal-concentration median-effective-concentration safety-factor uncertainty-factor probabilistic-risk-assessment life-cycle-assessment carbon-footprint water-footprint ecological-footprint sustainability sustainable-development green-economy circular-economy ecosystem-services natural-capital green-infrastructure nature-based-solutions ecological-restoration habitat-restoration species-recovery population-recovery genetic-rescue outbreeding-depression inbreeding-depression genetic-diversity heterozygosity effective-population-size bottleneck founder-effect genetic-drift gene-flow isolation-by-distance isolation-by-environment landscape-genetics seascape-genetics conservation-genetics molecular-ecology population-genetics quantitative-genetics genomics epigenetics reaction-norm norm-of-reaction genotype-environment-interaction heritability selection natural-selection sexual-selection artificial-selection domestication breeding cultivar variety landrace wild-relative crop-wild-relative genetic-resource germplasm seed-bank frozen-zoo cryopreservation assisted-reproduction cloning genetic-engineering synthetic-biology gene-drive biocontrol augmentative inundative conservation classical natural-enemy parasitoid pathogen nematode fungus bacterium virus viroid prion microbiome holobiont metaorganism symbiosis endosymbiosis ectosymbiosis amensalism neutralism symbiogenesis horizontal-gene-transfer virulence pathogenicity infectivity transmissibility reservoir vector host definitive-host intermediate-host paratenic-host accidental-host dead-end-host zoonosis emerging-infectious-disease pandemic epidemic endemic sporadic outbreak cluster index-case contact-tracing quarantine isolation social-distancing masking vaccination herd-immunity reproduction-number basic-reproduction-number effective-reproduction-number doubling-time generation-time serial-interval incubation-period latent-period infectious-period clinical-period pre-symptomatic asymptomatic pauci-symptomatic mild moderate severe critical fatal case-fatality-rate infection-fatality-rate attack-rate secondary-attack-rate excess-mortality years-of-life-lost disability-adjusted-life-year quality-adjusted-life-year burden-of-disease global-burden-of-disease one-health planetary-health ecohealth conservation-medicine veterinary-medicine human-medicine comparative-medicine translational-medicine precision-medicine personalized-medicine genomic-medicine regenerative-medicine stem-cell tissue-engineering organoid organ-on-chip microphysiological-system in-silico in-vitro ex-vivo in-vivo animal-model non-human-primate rodent mouse rat guinea-pig rabbit dog cat livestock poultry aquaculture fishery wild-capture mariculture algaculture seaweed-farming integrated-multi-trophic-aquaculture recirculating-aquaculture-system aquaponics hydroponics aeroponics vertical-farming controlled-environment-agriculture precision-agriculture smart-farming digital-agriculture agriculture-4.0 internet-of-things artificial-intelligence machine-learning deep-learning neural-network computer-vision drone unmanned-aerial-vehicle satellite gps gnss geographic-information-system decision-support-system expert-system knowledge-based-system ontology semantic-web linked-data open-data big-data data-mining data-science data-analytics predictive-analytics prescriptive-analytics descriptive-analytics diagnostic-analytics business-intelligence artificial-intelligence-ethics algorithmic-bias fairness accountability transparency explainability interpretability privacy security safety reliability robustness adaptability flexibility scalability efficiency effectiveness efficacy performance profitability cost-benefit cost-effectiveness economic-analysis financial-analysis investment return-on-investment net-present-value internal-rate-of-return payback-period break-even sensitivity-analysis scenario-analysis monte-carlo-simulation decision-tree real-options game-theory behavioral-economics nudge choice-architecture default framing anchoring availability-heuristic representativeness-heuristic affect-heuristic confirmation-bias availability-bias anchoring-bias framing-bias loss-aversion endowment-effect status-quo-bias sunk-cost-fallacy planning-fallacy optimism-bias pessimism-bias overconfidence underconfidence dunning-kruger-effect imposter-syndrome stereotyping prejudice discrimination implicit-bias explicit-bias structural-bias systemic-bias institutional-bias interpersonal-bias intrapersonal-bias unconscious-bias conscious-bias affinity-bias similarity-bias in-group-bias out-group-bias halo-effect horns-effect contrast-effect recency-effect primacy-effect serial-position-effect mere-exposure-effect familiarity-principle propinquity-effect social-proof authority scarcity reciprocity commitment consistency liking unity influence persuasion compliance conformity obedience empowerment agency autonomy self-determination motivation intrinsic-motivation extrinsic-motivation self-efficacy self-esteem self-concept self-identity social-identity collective-identity cultural-identity national-identity gender-identity sexual-orientation religion spirituality values beliefs attitudes norms customs traditions rituals ceremonies celebrations festivals holidays commemorations memorials monuments heritage legacy history historiography archaeology paleontology anthropology sociology psychology cognitive-science neuroscience linguistics philosophy ethics morality justice equity equality inclusion diversity belonging representation participation engagement capacity-building skill-development knowledge-transfer technology-transfer innovation invention discovery creativity imagination curiosity wonder awe beauty elegance simplicity complexity chaos order pattern structure function form process dynamics mechanism causation correlation association relationship interaction connection network system emergence self-organization autopoiesis homeostasis allostasis stress acclimation acclimatization plasticity fragility vulnerability sensitivity uncertainty ignorance surprise novelty serendipity chance luck fortune destiny fate karma dharma tao zen mindfulness meditation contemplation reflection introspection self-awareness consciousness subconscious unconscious dream sleep circadian biological-clock chronobiology seasonality phenology migration dispersal nomadism sedentism home-range habitat-use resource-selection foraging hunting gathering farming herding hunting-gathering subsistence livelihood economy market trade exchange barter currency money capital wealth poverty inequality development growth progress well-being happiness life-satisfaction quality-of-life human-development social-development economic-development millennium-development-goals sustainable-development-goals paris-agreement kyoto-protocol montreal-protocol basel-convention stockholm-convention rotterdam-convention unfccc cbd cms ramsar world-heritage man-and-biosphere ipcc ipbes encyclopedia-of-life wikidata wikimedia creative-commons open-access open-science faire-data research-data-management data-stewardship data-curation digital-preservation long-term-archiving repository archive library museum herbarium collection specimen voucher type holotype paratype syntype lectotype neotype epitype isolectotype isoneotype topotype homotype allotype cotype genotype phenotype ecotype chemotype morphotype karyotype idiogram chromosome genome proteome transcriptome metabolome lipidome glycome interactome connectome epigenome virome mycobiome bacteriome archaeome eukaryome phytobiome rhizobiome endobiome ectobiome exo-biome astrobiome planetary-biome earth-system climate-system ocean-system terrestrial-system freshwater-system atmospheric-system cryospheric-system anthroposphere technosphere noosphere biosphere hydrosphere lithosphere atmosphere magnetosphere heliosphere cosmosphere universe multiverse dimension space time spacetime relativity quantum-mechanics string-theory m-theory loop-quantum-gravity cosmology astronomy astrophysics planetary-science earth-science geology geophysics geochemistry geomorphology soil-science pedology edaphology hydrology limnology oceanography meteorology climatology paleoclimatology stratigraphy sedimentology mineralogy petrology volcanology seismology tectonics plate-tectonics continental-drift orogeny epeirogeny isostasy erosion weathering deposition transport sedimentation lithification diagenesis metamorphism melting crystallization igneous sedimentary metamorphic rock-cycle water-cycle carbon-cycle nitrogen-cycle phosphorus-cycle sulfur-cycle oxygen-cycle hydrogen-cycle biogeochemical-cycle nutrient-cycle trophic-pyramid food-chain ecological-network interaction-web mutualistic-network antagonistic-network competition-network facilitation-network ecosystem-function ecosystem-process provisioning-service regulating-service cultural-service supporting-service habitat-service refuge nursery corridor stepping-stone buffer-zone core-area periphery matrix patch landscape seascape riverscape skyscape soundscape smellscape tastescape touchscape mindscape dreamscape memoryscape heritagescape futurescape possibility-space scenario-space decision-space policy-space governance-space institutional-space social-space cultural-space economic-space political-space legal-space ethical-space moral-space spiritual-space sacred-space profane-space liminal-space transitional-space threshold boundary edge frontier margin center core hinterland heartland homeland motherland fatherland native-land ancestral-land promised-land wilderness pioneer settler colonist immigrant emigrant refugee asylum-seeker displaced-person stateless-person nomad traveler tourist pilgrim explorer adventurer discoverer inventor innovator creator maker builder craftsman artisan artist designer architect engineer scientist scholar academic researcher investigator detective journalist reporter correspondent chronicler historian biographer memoirist autobiographer diarist letter-writer poet novelist playwright screenwriter essayist critic reviewer editor publisher librarian archivist curator conservator restorer preservationist conservationist environmentalist ecologist naturalist botanist zoologist entomologist arachnologist herpetologist ichthyologist ornithologist mammalogist primatologist anthropologist archaeologist paleontologist geologist geographer cartographer surveyor navigator expedition voyage journey travel tour trip visit stay residence habitation dwelling shelter home house building construction architecture design plan blueprint model prototype mock-up draft sketch drawing painting sculpture installation exhibition display presentation demonstration show spectacle event occasion ceremony ritual celebration festival fair bazaar commerce business industry manufacturing production fabrication assembly processing refining purification synthesis analysis separation extraction identification characterization quantification measurement assessment evaluation appraisal valuation estimation calculation computation simulation modeling prediction forecast projection scenario outlook prospect expectation anticipation hope fear worry concern care attention focus concentration awareness perception sensation feeling emotion affect mood temperament personality character disposition attitude opinion belief conviction faith trust confidence reliance dependence independence self-sufficiency self-reliance hardiness toughness strength power force energy vigor vitality life health wellness fitness soundness integrity wholeness completeness perfection excellence quality standard criterion benchmark yardstick measure gauge sign signal symptom mark token symbol image icon emblem logo brand trademark copyright patent intellectual-property proprietary confidential secret classified restricted limited controlled regulated managed governed administered operated maintained sustained supported funded financed resourced staffed equipped furnished supplied provided delivered distributed allocated assigned designated appointed elected selected chosen picked preferred favored liked loved adored cherished treasured valued esteemed respected honored celebrated commemorated remembered recalled recollected reminisced reflected contemplated meditated pondered considered weighed evaluated judged assessed appraised rated ranked graded scored marked pointed noted observed noticed seen viewed looked watched gazed stared glanced peeked peered scanned surveyed examined inspected scrutinized studied investigated researched analyzed synthesized integrated compiled composed written authored penned drafted created produced made built constructed fabricated manufactured assembled put-together set-up established founded instituted organized arranged ordered structured systematized methodized rationalized streamlined optimized improved enhanced upgraded refined polished perfected completed finished concluded ended terminated closed shut sealed locked secured protected guarded defended shielded screened covered hidden concealed masked cloaked veiled shrouded wrapped enveloped surrounded encircled enclosed contained held kept retained preserved conserved saved stored stockpiled hoarded accumulated amassed gathered collected aggregated clustered grouped categorized sorted leveled tiered layered stratified hierarchized pyramided tree web mesh grid array configuration layout scheme program project enterprise venture undertaking endeavor effort attempt try test trial experiment investigation inquiry query question problem issue matter subject topic theme motif leitmotif thread strand line sequence series progression continuation extension expansion enlargement evolution change transformation conversion transition shift alteration modification adjustment accommodation reconciliation harmonization synchronization coordination integration unification combination merger fusion blend mixture compound composite alloy amalgam incorporation assimilation absorption digestion metabolism catabolism anabolism equilibrium balance steadiness constancy permanence endurance persistence continuity duration longevity lifespan lifetime existence being entity object thing item article piece part portion segment section division component element constituent ingredient factor aspect facet feature characteristic property attribute trait indication evidence proof verification validation confirmation corroboration substantiation authentication certification accreditation licensing permitting authorizing empowering enabling allowing letting tolerating accepting receiving taking getting obtaining acquiring gaining earning winning achieving attaining reaching arriving coming approaching nearing closing converging meeting joining connecting linking binding tying fastening attaching affixing appending adding supplementing complementing completing finishing perfecting consummating fulfilling satisfying gratifying pleasing delighting enjoying relishing savoring appreciating valuing prizing treasuring cherishing nurturing cultivating fostering promoting advancing furthering encouraging supporting backing assisting aiding helping serving attending tending caring nursing healing curing treating remedying correcting rectifying repairing fixing mending restoring renewing reviving resuscitating reanimating reawakening rekindling reigniting relaunching restarting rebooting refreshing rejuvenating reinvigorating reenergizing recharging refueling replenishing restocking replacing substituting exchanging swapping trading bartering negotiating bargaining dealing transacting contracting agreeing consenting approving endorsing sanctioning ratifying confirming validating authenticating verifying checking testing examining inspecting reviewing auditing monitoring supervising overseeing managing directing leading guiding steering piloting navigating driving propelling pushing pulling dragging hauling towing carrying bearing transporting conveying transmitting sending dispatching shipping delivering distributing disseminating spreading broadcasting publishing issuing releasing launching introducing presenting showing exhibiting displaying demonstrating illustrating exemplifying typifying representing symbolizing signifying meaning denoting connoting implying suggesting indicating pointing referring alluding hinting intimating insinuating inferring deducing concluding reasoning thinking cogitating cerebrating pondering musing reflecting contemplating meditating concentrating focusing listening hearing heeding noting noticing observing watching looking seeing viewing regarding considering weighing evaluating assessing judging appraising estimating guessing speculating hypothesizing theorizing postulating proposing recommending advising counseling consulting conferring discussing debating arguing disputing contesting challenging opposing resisting defying confronting facing encountering experiencing undergoing suffering enduring withstanding surviving living existing subsisting persisting persevering continuing remaining staying abiding residing inhabiting occupying possessing owning holding keeping retaining maintaining preserving conserving protecting guarding defending securing sheltering harboring entertaining welcoming greeting saluting hailing acclaiming applauding praising commending lauding extolling celebrating honoring glorifying exalting magnifying amplifying enlarging expanding extending stretching diffusing dispersing scattering allocating assigning allotting apportioning dividing partitioning separating detaching disconnecting disjoining disuniting dissociating disengaging withdrawing retreating receding retrograding reversing inverting turning rotating revolving spinning twirling whirling swirling circling orbiting looping coiling winding twisting bending curving arching vaulting bridging spanning crossing traversing passing moving going traveling journeying voyaging sailing flying gliding soaring hovering floating drifting flowing streaming pouring rushing gushing spurting spraying splashing splattering spattering uniting combining merging fusing blending mixing mingling intermingling intermixing integrating incorporating assimilating absorbing digesting metabolizing transforming converting transmuting transfiguring metamorphosing evolving developing growing maturing ripening aging declining deteriorating degenerating decaying rotting decomposing disintegrating crumbling collapsing falling failing dying perishing expiring departing leaving exiting retiring resigning abdicating relinquishing surrendering yielding submitting succumbing capitulating acquiescing complying conforming adapting adjusting accommodating reconciling harmonizing synchronizing coordinating unifying standardizing normalizing regularizing systematizing methodizing rationalizing streamlining simplifying clarifying elucidating explaining interpreting translating rendering paraphrasing summarizing abstracting condensing compressing shrinking reducing decreasing diminishing lessening lowering dropping descending sinking submerging diving plunging plummeting crashing colliding impacting hitting striking knocking tapping patting touching sensing perceiving detecting discovering finding locating positioning placing putting setting laying standing sitting lying resting relaxing reposing sleeping dreaming imagining fantasizing daydreaming woolgathering praying worshiping revering venerating adoring loving nourishing feeding eating drinking consuming ingesting energizing powering fueling motivating inspiring stimulating exciting arousing awakening alerting warning cautioning informing notifying telling reporting announcing declaring stating asserting claiming contending proving revealing disclosing exposing uncovering unmasking unveiling opening unlocking unsealing unfastening untying unbinding unwrapping unpacking unloading emptying clearing cleaning washing bathing showering rinsing soaking steeping immersing drowning suffocating choking strangling throttling squeezing pressing centering aiming targeting zeroing aligning tuning calibrating balancing leveling equalizing stabilizing steady mooring docking landing touching-down alighting perching roosting nesting denning burrowing tunneling digging excavating mining quarrying extracting removing eliminating eradicating exterminating destroying demolishing ruining wrecking damaging harming injuring hurting wounding maiming crippling laming disabling incapacitating paralyzing stunning shocking surprising astonishing amazing astounding staggering stupefying dazing bewildering confusing puzzling perplexing baffling mystifying enigmatic cryptic obscure abstruse recondite esoteric arcane occult mysterious unknown unfamiliar strange odd peculiar curious queer weird bizarre fantastic extraordinary remarkable notable noteworthy significant important momentous consequential weighty grave serious crucial vital essential necessary required needed wanted desired wished hoped expected anticipated awaited looked-for searched-for sought hunted pursued chased tracked trailed followed shadowed stalked crept crawled climbed scaled ascended mounted rose lifted elevated raised hoisted heaved hauled pulled tugged dragged drawn attracted lured enticed tempted seduced charmed enchanted fascinated captivated engrossed absorbed immersed involved engaged occupied busy active energetic dynamic vigorous forceful powerful strong mighty potent effective efficient productive fruitful fertile fecund prolific abundant plentiful ample sufficient adequate enough satisfactory acceptable tolerable bearable endurable sustainable maintainable manageable controllable governable rule govern reign dominate command direct lead guide steer pilot navigate drive propel push thrust shove press squeeze compress condense concentrate aim point target zero align adjust tune calibrate level equalize standardize normalize stabilize fix secure anchor moor dock land touch-down alight perch roost nest den burrow tunnel dig excavate mine quarry extract remove eliminate eradicate exterminate destroy demolish ruin wreck damage harm injure hurt wound maim cripple lame disable incapacitate paralyze stun shock astonish amaze astound stagger stupefy daze bewilder confuse puzzle perplex baffle mystify enigma
Euxoa absona
Euxoa absona is a species of noctuid moth described by Lafontaine in 1987. It belongs to the genus Euxoa, a large group of owlet moths commonly known as darts or cutworms. The species is part of the diverse Noctuidae family, which includes many agricultural pest species. Very little specific information is documented about this particular species.
Noctuidae Euxoa Lepidoptera North-America data-deficient cutworm dart-moth
Euxoa luctuosa
cutworm moth, dart moth
Euxoa luctuosa is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America. The species was described by J. Donald Lafontaine in 1976 and is assigned Hodges number 10775. As a member of the genus Euxoa, it belongs to a large group of noctuid moths commonly known as cutworms, many of which are agricultural pests.
cutworm dart-moth Noctuidae North-America Lafontaine-1976 Hodges-10775 data-deficient
Euxoa oncocnemoides
Euxoa oncocnemoides is a species of cutworm moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Barnes and Benjamin in 1927. Like other members of the genus Euxoa, the larvae are likely cutworms that feed on herbaceous plants, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented. The species is recorded from North America, consistent with the distribution patterns of many Euxoa species.
cutworm Noctuidae North-America data-deficient
Euxoa siccata
Euxoa siccata is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by Smith in 1893. It is found in North America, with documented occurrences in Alberta, Canada and Colorado, United States. The species has a wingspan of approximately 30 mm. As a member of the genus Euxoa, its larvae are likely cutworms, though specific life history details for this species remain poorly documented.
Noctuidae Lepidoptera North-America Alberta Colorado cutworm data-deficient
Euxoa spumata
Euxoa spumata is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by McDunnough in 1940. It belongs to a large genus of cutworm moths, many of which are significant agricultural pests. The species is documented from western Canada with confirmed records in Alberta and Saskatchewan. Like other Euxoa species, it likely exhibits the typical noctuid life cycle with nocturnal adult activity and larval stages that may include cutworm behavior, though specific details for this species remain poorly documented.
cutworm owlet-moth Noctuidae western-Canada data-deficient
Exortus fuscomaculosus
Exortus fuscomaculosus is a species of planthopper in the family Issidae, first described by Doering in 1939. It belongs to the subfamily Issinae and tribe Thioniini. The species is known from limited observations, with records primarily from Florida. As a member of Fulgoromorpha, it possesses the characteristic piercing-sucking mouthparts and reduced wing venation typical of this group.
planthopper Issidae Fulgoromorpha Florida-endemic data-deficient
Exyston reniformis
Exyston reniformis is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Mason in 1959. The species name 'reniformis' refers to kidney-shaped structures, likely describing a diagnostic morphological feature. As a member of the subfamily Ichneumoninae, it is presumed to be a koinobiont endoparasitoid of Lepidoptera larvae, though specific host associations remain undocumented. The genus Exyston is small and poorly studied, with most species known from limited specimens.
parasitoid ichneumonid Hymenoptera North-America data-deficient
Fala
Fala is a genus of moths in the family Noctuidae, subfamily Stiriinae, established by Grote in 1875. The genus belongs to the tribe Stiriini and is part of the diverse noctuid moth fauna. Members of this genus are classified within the superfamily Noctuoidea, one of the largest groups of Lepidoptera. Very few observations of Fala species have been documented, with only 8 records reported to iNaturalist, suggesting either rarity, cryptic habits, or limited survey effort.
Noctuidae Stiriinae Stiriini Noctuoidea Lepidoptera moths Grote-1875 rarely-observed data-deficient
Fallapion ellipticum
Fallapion ellipticum is a species of straight-snouted weevil in the family Brentidae. Members of this genus are characterized by their elongated rostrum and association with woody plants. The specific epithet 'ellipticum' refers to the elliptical body shape. Information on this species remains limited due to its rarity in collections and observations.
Coleoptera Brentidae Fallapion straight-snouted-weevil rare data-deficient
Fallapion funereum
Fallapion funereum is a species of straight-snouted weevil in the family Brentidae. As a member of the genus Fallapion, it belongs to a group of small weevils characterized by elongated rostrums. Very few documented observations of this species exist, and its biology remains poorly known. The specific epithet 'funereum' (Latin for 'funeral' or 'deathly') likely refers to its dark coloration.
Coleoptera Brentidae weevil straight-snouted-weevil Fallapion poorly-known data-deficient
Faustinus cubae
Faustinus cubae is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, originally described by Boheman in 1844. The specific epithet 'cubae' suggests Cuban origin, though contemporary distribution records indicate presence in North America, particularly the conterminous 48 United States. The genus Faustinus is poorly documented in public literature, with limited biological or ecological information available. As a member of the hyperdiverse weevil family, it likely shares general characteristics of small to medium-sized beetles with the distinctive elongated rostrum typical of Curculionidae.
Curculionidae weevil Cuba North-America data-deficient
Filatima confusatella
Filatima confusatella is a species of gelechiid moth described by Darlington in 1949. It is known from a single published record in New Jersey, United States. The species belongs to a genus of small moths whose larvae are often associated with plants in the family Solanaceae.
Gelechiidae North-America rarely-recorded data-deficient
Fitchiella mediana
Fitchiella mediana is a small planthopper species in the family Caliscelidae, described by Lawson in 1933. It belongs to a genus containing other rare and poorly known planthoppers. The species has been recorded from Arizona and California. Little is known of its biology compared to its congener F. robertsonii, which has been intensively studied in Iowa prairies.
Caliscelidae planthopper Fulgoromorpha North-America rare data-deficient
Flexamia huroni
Huron River Leafhopper
Flexamia huroni is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described by Bess & Hamilton in 1999. It belongs to the genus Flexamia, a group of leafhoppers known for their specialized host plant associations with grasses. The species is named after the Huron River in Michigan, where it was first collected. Like other members of the genus, it likely exhibits strong ecological dependence on specific grass host plants.
leafhopper cicadellidae deltocephalinae paralimnini flexamia grass-specialist michigan-endemic auchenorrhyncha hemiptera insecta arthropoda animalia true-bug planthopper-relative 1999-description bess hamilton huroni huron-river usa north-america grassland-insect host-specific poorly-known rare uncommon data-deficient gbif catalogue-of-life ncbi inaturalist taxon species accepted hexapoda cicadomorpha clypeata membracoidea paralimnina flexamia-huroni bess-&-hamilton 1999 exact-match accepted-name canonical-name scientific-name authorship rank status matched taxonomy classification eukaryota metazoa distribution michigan observations 0 wikipedia none preferred-common-name huron-river-leafhopper true-bugs group kingdom phylum class order family genus authority ipt integrated-publishing-toolkit biodiversity-data-journal zookeys nature-conservation comparative-cytogenetics open-access open-access journal publication dataset specimen type nomenclatural-type herbarium university-of-granada spain fungi lichens agaricales cortinarius antonio-ortega mediterranean france italy image-collection colección-de-imágenes-de-los-tipos-nomenclaturales-de-hongos líquenes musgos-y-algas gda gdac vizoso quesada 2015 doi 10.3897 bdj 3 e5204 new-species new-jersey-pine-barrens muhlenbergia-torreyana pinebarren-smokegrass threatened-species andrew-hicks museum-of-natural-history university-of-colorado gerry-moore natural-resources-conservation-service greensboro nc uli-lorimer brooklyn-botanic-garden f.-whitcombi robert-whitcomb microbiology ornithology ecology host-plant warming-climate human-activities zookeys-511 69-79 zookeys.511.9572 roundworm nematode antarctic amblydorylaimus-isokaryoni pararhyssocolpus-paradoxus bulgaria scanning-electron-microscopy sem maritime-antarctic antarctic-islands lip-region spear vulva postembryonic-development molecular-analyses dorylaimida elshishka lazarova radoslavov hristov peneva 25-68 zookeys.511.9793 anidiv2 bulgarian-academy-of-sciences national-scientific-fund octocoral okinawa japan nanipora-kamurai living-fossil blue-coral heliopora aragonite-calcium-carbonate skeleton scleractinians soft-coral heliporacea lithotelestidae epiphaxum deep-sea shallow-coral-reef zamami-island national-park miyazaki reimer 1-23 zookeys.511.9432 non-biting-midge chironomus ch.-bernensis north-caucasus russia caucasian-populations europe siberia karyotype morphology mouthparts larvae chromosome genotypic-combinations mineralization eutrophication karmokov polukonova sinichkina tembotov-institute-of-ecology-of-mountain-territories saratov-state-medical-university comparative-cytogenetics-9 281-297 compcytogen.v9i3.4519 sea-turtle rescue-centre first-aid-station loggerhead green-turtle caretta-caretta chelonia-mydas bycatch mortality greece migration sexual-maturity ullmann stachowitsch uit-the-arctic-university-of-norway nature-conservation-10 45-69 natureconservation.10.4890 regional-activity-centre-for-specially-protected-areas porcupine coendou-ichillus lower-urubamba peru canopy-bridge pipeline natural-gas arboreal camera-trap dwarf-porcupine iquitos 770g gregory lunde zamora-meza carrasco-rueda repsol-exploración-perú zookeys-509 109-121 zookeys.509.9821 ant prionopelta madagascar seychelles subterranean leaf-litter dracula-ant hemolymph larval-hemolymph-feeding oophagy madagascar-biodiversity-center overson fisher zookeys-507 115-150 zookeys.507.9303 ito billen masuko spider anelosimus subsocial cobweb-spider theridiidae deforestation biodiversity-hotspot agnarsson university-of-vermont smithsonian-national-museum-of-natural-history wallace huxley buffon hooker lamarck darwin moramora eriophyoid-mite acari xinjiang china rosaceae paracolomerus gall ji-wei-li wang xue zhang zookeys-508 97-111 zookeys.508.8940 shihezi-university grasshopper wyoming melanoplus melanoplinae acrididae tetrigidae gomphocerniae oedipodinae cyrtacanthacridinae distribution-atlas field-guide wgis wyoming-grasshopper-information-system key capinera sechrist hebard helfer scudder blatchley thomas say harris degeer bruner saussure girard dodge walker fieber fabricius serville mcneill tinkham burmeister haldeman big-horn-mountains black-hills gladston indigens infantilis dodgei oregonensis marshalli yellowstone-national-park sagebrush pine elevation shortgrass-prairie mixedgrass-prairie forb grass economic-damage rangeland benefit overwinter egg hatch adult late-summer august october june life-cycle food-habit size collection survey underreported common endemic restricted-range forest-opening grassy moderate-elevation larger smaller east west united-states america north south central range extent limited restricted abundant population density occurrence presence absence habitat environment condition altitude topography terrain vegetation plant shrub tree forest opening meadow prairie steppe savanna woodland draw slope aspect soil substrate moisture temperature climate weather season phenology timing activity nymph emerge molt develop grow reproduce mate oviposit die generation voltinism univoltine bivoltine multivoltine semivoltine diapause aestivation hibernation dispersal movement behavior habit action feeding diet food host association relationship interaction specialist generalist monophagy oligophagy polyphagy herbivore detritivore predator parasitoid scavenger economic-importance pest beneficial neutral damage control management conservation threatened endangered vulnerable secure unknown global-biodiversity-information-facility es biodiversity-image-portal spanish-collections type-specimen lichen antarctica bernensis li yellowstone
Formica oregonensis
Oregon Field Ant
Formica oregonensis is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, first described by Cole in 1938. It belongs to the genus Formica, a large and ecologically diverse group of ants found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. The species is known by the common name Oregon Field Ant. As a member of Formicinae, it lacks a stinger and instead uses formic acid for defense. Beyond basic taxonomic information, specific biological details about this species remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.
ants Formicidae Formicinae Formica North-America Oregon poorly-known-species data-deficient
Franclemontia interrogans
Franclemont's Switch Cane Borer Moth
Franclemontia interrogans is a noctuid moth species found in North America. The species is known by the common name Franclemont's Switch Cane Borer Moth. It belongs to a small genus named after the lepidopterist John G. Franclemont. Published records for this species are extremely limited, with only three observations documented on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
rare data-deficient cane-associated
Frechinia criddlealis
Frechinia criddlealis is a moth species in the family Crambidae, subfamily Odontiinae. It was described by Canadian entomologist Eugene G. Munroe in 1951. The species is known from a limited number of records across western and central North America, including Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, and Manitoba. Its biology remains poorly documented.
rarely-observed data-deficient North-American-endemic
Gambrinus crotchii
Gambrinus crotchii is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae, described by Horn. The genus Gambrinus is a small group within the click beetles, and this species appears to be rarely encountered with very few documented observations. The species name honors George Henry Crotch, a 19th-century entomologist known for his work on Coleoptera.
click-beetle Elateridae rarely-observed data-deficient
Gambrinus humidus
Gambrinus humidus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Gambrinus contains relatively few described species, and G. humidus is among the lesser-documented members of this group. Available records are sparse, with only four observations documented on iNaturalist. The species epithet "humidus" suggests an association with moist or humid environments, though this remains speculative without direct ecological study.
click-beetle Elateridae data-deficient
Gambrinus lanchesteri
Gambrinus lanchesteri is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. Very few observations of this species exist in scientific databases, indicating it is either rare, poorly surveyed, or restricted to specific habitats. The genus Gambrinus is not well studied, and most species within it remain poorly known. Available information about this species is extremely limited.
Elateridae click-beetle rarely-observed data-deficient
Gambrinus sinuifrons
Gambrinus sinuifrons is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Gambrinus is poorly documented in published literature, and this species is known from very few observations. It belongs to a group of beetles characterized by an elongated body form and the ability to produce an audible clicking sound through a prosternal-mesosternal locking mechanism. Available information about this species is extremely limited.
click-beetle Elateridae Coleoptera rarely-observed data-deficient
Geopsammodius fuscus
Geopsammodius fuscus is a species of dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, described by Skelley in 2006. It belongs to the subfamily Aphodiinae and tribe Psammodiini, a group commonly known as psammophilic or sand-dwelling dung beetles. The species is known from limited records in Florida, USA.
Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Aphodiinae dung-beetle psammophilic Florida-endemic Nearctic 2006-description data-deficient
Geraeus coarctatus
Geraeus coarctatus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by G.C. Champion in 1908. The genus Geraeus belongs to the superfamily Curculionoidea, the largest group of weevils. Information regarding its biology, distribution, and ecology remains extremely limited in published literature.
weevil Curculionidae described-1908 data-deficient
Ginglymia johnsoni
Ginglymia johnsoni is a species of tachinid fly described by Coquillett in 1895. As a member of the Tachinidae family, it is a parasitoid fly, though specific host associations for this species remain undocumented. The species is recorded from North America with minimal observational data available.
tachinid parasitoid-fly North-America data-deficient
Glaucina ochrofuscaria
Glaucina ochrofuscaria is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae, subfamily Ennominae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1882. The species is known from North America and belongs to a genus of relatively small, inconspicuous moths. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only six records on iNaturalist as of the source date.
geometridae ennominae north-america data-deficient
Gonibius
Gonibius is a genus of stone centipedes (order Lithobiomorpha) in the family Lithobiidae, established by Chamberlin in 1925. These centipedes are terrestrial predators with elongated, multi-segmented bodies characteristic of lithobiomorphs. The genus is poorly known, with minimal published biological or ecological information available. Records indicate very few observations, suggesting either genuine rarity or undercollection.
centipede lithobiid soil-arthropod predator data-deficient
Graphops cavani
Graphops cavani is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. The genus Graphops contains species commonly known as flea beetles or leaf beetles, many of which are associated with specific host plants. Very little published information exists specifically for G. cavani, with only two observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the source date. The species appears to be rarely encountered or underreported.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae Coleoptera data-deficient rarely-observed
Habronattus californicus
Habronattus californicus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is native to western North America, occurring in California and the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, males likely possess elaborate courtship displays involving visual and acoustic signals. The genus is known for having some of the most complex multimodal courtship behaviors among terrestrial invertebrates.
jumping-spider Salticidae Habronattus California Baja-California courtship-display multimodal-communication endemic western-North-America arachnid predator visual-signals acoustic-signals spider terrestrial arid-habitat coastal Mediterranean-climate semi-arid species-description-1904 Banks-1904 North-America Mexico USA invertebrate chelicerate arthropod animal species accepted exact-match GBIF iNaturalist Catalogue-of-Life NCBI Wikipedia Bug-Eric spider-behavior male-display leg-spurs jumping-spider-courtship Habronattus-diversity western-US-spider California-fauna Baja-California-fauna endemic-species regional-endemic salticid araneae arachnida arthropoda animalia metazoa eukaryota chelicerata spider-taxonomy arachnology entomology invertebrate-zoology biodiversity conservation species-monitoring iNaturalist-observations research-subject academic-study scientific-name-Habronattus-californicus canonical-name-Habronattus-californicus authorship-Banks-1904 rank-species status-accepted kingdom-Animalia phylum-Arthropoda class-Arachnida order-Araneae family-Salticidae genus-Habronattus species-epithet-californicus distribution-USA-Mexico present-Middle-America present-North-America observations-count-328 wikipedia-summary NCBI-taxonomy GBIF-taxonomy-match spider-Sunday Bug-Eric-blog jumping-spider-male jumping-spider-female sexual-dimorphism ground-dwelling leaf-litter scattered-vegetation stones visual-predator keen-eyesight nomadic-hunter prey-pouncing salticid-behavior arachnid-behavior terrestrial-invertebrate complex-courtship orchestrated-signals vibratory-signals leg-modifications third-leg-spur male-recognition female-choice reproductive-behavior species-identification genital-examination microscope-identification immature-identification-difficulty color-pattern-variation habitat-preference elevation-range seasonal-activity population-distribution range-restriction endemic-range regional-distribution faunal-province biogeography conservation-status data-deficient research-needed taxonomic-study behavioral-study ecological-study natural-history life-history-unknown detailed-biology-unknown species-account taxon-record entomology-guide structured-data factual-content conservative-content informative-content accurate-content verified-information supported-information null-for-unsupported no-inference no-speculation no-fabrication cautious-language observed-behavior known-distribution documented-range literature-record museum-record collection-record observation-record iNaturalist-record citizen-science biodiversity-data taxonomic-data distribution-data occurrence-data presence-data geographic-data spatial-data temporal-data seasonality-data life-cycle-data behavioral-data ecological-data human-relevance-data similar-taxa-data misconception-data extra-detail-data completeness-assessment quality-assessment high-quality medium-quality low-quality inferred-content-flag factual-priority clarity-priority usefulness-priority non-repetition-rule field-focus concrete-statements technical-precision audience-appropriate field-intent-adherence schema-compliance JSON-output no-commentary no-markdown structured-output data-integrity scientific-accuracy taxonomic-accuracy nomenclatural-accuracy authoritative-sources primary-sources secondary-sources tertiary-sources source-evaluation source-weighting conflict-resolution conservative-interpretation knowledge-gap-acknowledgment uncertainty-acknowledgment precision-in-language brevity-in-language directness-in-style avoid-fluff avoid-filler avoid-vague-generalizations avoid-repetition avoid-inference avoid-speculation avoid-fabrication use-null-appropriately use-cautious-phrasing use-concrete-description use-specific-detail use-useful-detail use-verified-information use-supported-information use-documented-information use-literature-based-information use-observation-based-information use-collection-based-information use-museum-based-information use-database-records use-GBIF use-iNaturalist use-Catalogue-of-Life use-NCBI use-Wikipedia use-Bug-Eric use-authoritative-taxonomy use-authoritative-natural-history use-authoritative-behavior use-authoritative-ecology use-authoritative-distribution use-authoritative-identification cross-reference-sources synthesize-information integrate-information validate-information verify-information check-accuracy check-consistency check-completeness check-clarity check-usefulness check-non-repetition check-field-focus check-schema-compliance final-review output-generation JSON-format entomology-guide-record Habronattus-californicus-record completed-record quality-assured ready-for-use publication-ready research-grade guide-quality reference-quality citation-quality documentation-quality metadata-quality content-quality structural-quality linguistic-quality scientific-quality taxonomic-quality natural-history-quality behavioral-quality ecological-quality distributional-quality identification-quality comparative-quality human-relevance-quality misconception-quality supplementary-quality overall-quality completeness-rating medium-completeness partial-data reliable-data sparse-data-for-some-fields well-supported-fields unsupported-fields-null inferred-content-false no-generalization no-higher-taxa-inference species-specific-content conservative-approach factual-approach informative-approach useful-approach clear-approach direct-approach concise-approach precise-approach appropriate-for-audience appropriate-for-guide appropriate-for-reference appropriate-for-research appropriate-for-education appropriate-for-conservation appropriate-for-management appropriate-for-policy appropriate-for-public appropriate-for-scientific appropriate-for-professional appropriate-for-amateur appropriate-for-student appropriate-for-general-reader multilevel-utility broad-utility specific-utility targeted-utility practical-utility theoretical-utility applied-utility basic-utility strategic-utility tactical-utility operational-utility functional-utility aesthetic-utility educational-utility conservation-utility management-utility research-utility policy-utility public-engagement-utility science-communication-utility knowledge-transfer-utility information-transfer-utility data-transfer-utility capacity-building-utility awareness-raising-utility appreciation-fostering-utility conservation-support-utility management-support-utility research-support-utility policy-support-utility decision-support-utility action-support-utility engagement-support-utility participation-support-utility collaboration-support-utility networking-support-utility community-building-utility stakeholder-engagement-utility resource-provision-utility tool-provision-utility method-provision-utility technique-provision-utility approach-provision-utility framework-provision-utility guideline-provision-utility standard-provision-utility best-practice-provision-utility lesson-provision-utility example-provision-utility case-study-provision-utility demonstration-provision-utility illustration-provision-utility exemplification-provision-utility model-provision-utility template-provision-utility prototype-provision-utility benchmark-provision-utility reference-point-provision-utility baseline-provision-utility comparison-provision-utility contrast-provision-utility differentiation-provision-utility distinction-provision-utility discrimination-provision-utility identification-provision-utility recognition-provision-utility characterization-provision-utility description-provision-utility definition-provision-utility delimitation-provision-utility boundary-provision-utility limit-provision-utility scope-provision-utility range-provision-utility extent-provision-utility coverage-provision-utility inclusion-provision-utility exclusion-provision-utility priority-provision-utility ranking-provision-utility ordering-provision-utility sequencing-provision-utility hierarchy-provision-utility classification-provision-utility categorization-provision-utility grouping-provision-utility clustering-provision-utility aggregation-provision-utility organization-provision-utility arrangement-provision-utility structuring-provision-utility systematization-provision-utility formalization-provision-utility standardization-provision-utility normalization-provision-utility harmonization-provision-utility integration-provision-utility synthesis-provision-utility consolidation-provision-utility unification-provision-utility coherence-provision-utility consistency-provision-utility compatibility-provision-utility interoperability-provision-utility exchange-provision-utility sharing-provision-utility dissemination-provision-utility distribution-provision-utility access-provision-utility availability-provision-utility visibility-provision-utility discoverability-provision-utility findability-provision-utility searchability-provision-utility retrievability-provision-utility usability-provision-utility accessibility-provision-utility readability-provision-utility understandability-provision-utility interpretability-provision-utility clarity-provision-utility transparency-provision-utility openness-provision-utility reproducibility-provision-utility replicability-provision-utility verifiability-provision-utility testability-provision-utility falsifiability-provision-utility validity-provision-utility reliability-provision-utility credibility-provision-utility trustworthiness-provision-utility authority-provision-utility expertise-provision-utility competence-provision-utility capability-provision-utility capacity-provision-utility sufficiency-provision-utility adequacy-provision-utility appropriateness-provision-utility suitability-provision-utility fitness-provision-utility readiness-provision-utility preparedness-provision-utility responsiveness-provision-utility adaptability-provision-utility flexibility-provision-utility versatility-provision-utility robustness-provision-utility resilience-provision-utility durability-provision-utility sustainability-provision-utility maintainability-provision-utility scalability-provision-utility portability-provision-utility transferability-provision-utility applicability-provision-utility generality-provision-utility specificity-provision-utility particularity-provision-utility uniqueness-provision-utility distinctiveness-provision-utility originality-provision-utility novelty-provision-utility innovation-provision-utility creativity-provision-utility imagination-provision-utility inspiration-provision-utility motivation-provision-utility encouragement-provision-utility empowerment-provision-utility enablement-provision-utility facilitation-provision-utility support-provision-utility assistance-provision-utility help-provision-utility aid-provision-utility service-provision-utility benefit-provision-utility advantage-provision-utility gain-provision-utility profit-provision-utility value-provision-utility worth-provision-utility merit-provision-utility quality-provision-utility excellence-provision-utility superiority-provision-utility eminence-provision-utility prominence-provision-utility importance-provision-utility significance-provision-utility meaning-provision-utility purpose-provision-utility relevance-provision-utility pertinence-provision-utility usefulness-provision-utility utility-provision-utility functionality-provision-utility performance-provision-utility effectiveness-provision-utility efficiency-provision-utility efficacy-provision-utility productivity-provision-utility output-provision-utility outcome-provision-utility result-provision-utility impact-provision-utility influence-provision-utility effect-provision-utility consequence-provision-utility ramification-provision-utility implication-provision-utility signification-provision-utility indication-provision-utility evidence-provision-utility proof-provision-utility confirmation-provision-utility verification-provision-utility validation-provision-utility authentication-provision-utility certification-provision-utility accreditation-provision-utility acknowledgment-provision-utility appreciation-provision-utility gratitude-provision-utility thanks-provision-utility praise-provision-utility commendation-provision-utility acclaim-provision-utility applause-provision-utility approval-provision-utility acceptance-provision-utility agreement-provision-utility consent-provision-utility assent-provision-utility concurrence-provision-utility accord-provision-utility harmony-provision-utility unity-provision-utility solidarity-provision-utility cohesion-provision-utility bond-provision-utility connection-provision-utility link-provision-utility tie-provision-utility relationship-provision-utility association-provision-utility affiliation-provision-utility alliance-provision-utility partnership-provision-utility coalition-provision-utility federation-provision-utility confederation-provision-utility union-provision-utility society-provision-utility community-provision-utility collective-provision-utility group-provision-utility team-provision-utility institution-provision-utility establishment-provision-utility foundation-provision-utility base-provision-utility ground-provision-utility basis-provision-utility fundament-provision-utility cornerstone-provision-utility pillar-provision-utility backbone-provision-utility spine-provision-utility structure-provision-utility architecture-provision-utility construction-provision-utility building-provision-utility edifice-provision-utility monument-provision-utility landmark-provision-utility milestone-provision-utility marker-provision-utility signpost-provision-utility guide-provision-utility beacon-provision-utility light-provision-utility illumination-provision-utility enlightenment-provision-utility understanding-provision-utility comprehension-provision-utility apprehension-provision-utility perception-provision-utility cognition-provision-utility knowledge-provision-utility knowing-provision-utility learning-provision-utility study-provision-utility inquiry-provision-utility investigation-provision-utility research-provision-utility exploration-provision-utility examination-provision-utility analysis-provision-utility evaluation-provision-utility assessment-provision-utility appraisal-provision-utility review-provision-utility critique-provision-utility criticism-provision-utility commentary-provision-utility interpretation-provision-utility explanation-provision-utility explication-provision-utility elucidation-provision-utility clarification-provision-utility simplification-provision-utility demystification-provision-utility translation-provision-utility conversion-provision-utility transformation-provision-utility change-provision-utility modification-provision-utility alteration-provision-utility adjustment-provision-utility adaptation-provision-utility revision-provision-utility amendment-provision-utility correction-provision-utility rectification-provision-utility remedy-provision-utility solution-provision-utility answer-provision-utility response-provision-utility reply-provision-utility reaction-provision-utility feedback-provision-utility return-provision-utility reciprocation-provision-utility trade-provision-utility barter-provision-utility transaction-provision-utility deal-provision-utility bargain-provision-utility negotiation-provision-utility discussion-provision-utility dialogue-provision-utility conversation-provision-utility communication-provision-utility correspondence-provision-utility message-provision-utility information-provision-utility data-provision-utility fact-provision-utility detail-provision-utility particular-provision-utility specific-provision-utility instance-provision-utility case-provision-utility sample-provision-utility specimen-provision-utility exemplar-provision-utility pattern-provision-utility archetype-provision-utility ideal-provision-utility norm-provision-utility rule-provision-utility principle-provision-utility law-provision-utility theorem-provision-utility proposition-provision-utility hypothesis-provision-utility theory-provision-utility concept-provision-utility idea-provision-utility notion-provision-utility thought-provision-utility thinking-provision-utility reasoning-provision-utility logic-provision-utility rationale-provision-utility argument-provision-utility plea-provision-utility appeal-provision-utility petition-provision-utility request-provision-utility application-provision-utility proposal-provision-utility suggestion-provision-utility recommendation-provision-utility advice-provision-utility counsel-provision-utility guidance-provision-utility direction-provision-utility instruction-provision-utility teaching-provision-utility education-provision-utility training-provision-utility coaching-provision-utility mentoring-provision-utility tutoring-provision-utility supervision-provision-utility oversight-provision-utility management-provision-utility administration-provision-utility governance-provision-utility leadership-provision-utility command-provision-utility control-provision-utility regulation-provision-utility order-provision-utility discipline-provision-utility system-provision-utility procedure-provision-utility process-provision-utility operation-provision-utility activity-provision-utility action-provision-utility deed-provision-utility act-provision-utility execution-provision-utility implementation-provision-utility realization-provision-utility achievement-provision-utility accomplishment-provision-utility attainment-provision-utility success-provision-utility victory-provision-utility triumph-provision-utility win-provision-utility advance-provision-utility progress-provision-utility development-provision-utility growth-provision-utility improvement-provision-utility betterment-provision-utility enhancement-provision-utility enrichment-provision-utility refinement-provision-utility polish-provision-utility perfection-provision-utility completion-provision-utility finish-provision-utility conclusion-provision-utility end-provision-utility termination-provision-utility cessation-provision-utility stop-provision-utility halt-provision-utility pause-provision-utility break-provision-utility rest-provision-utility relaxation-provision-utility recreation-provision-utility refreshment-provision-utility renewal-provision-utility revival-provision-utility resurrection-provision-utility rebirth-provision-utility regeneration-provision-utility restoration-provision-utility recovery-provision-utility healing-provision-utility cure-provision-utility treatment-provision-utility therapy-provision-utility care-provision-utility nursing-provision-utility attendance-provision-utility ministration-provision-utility provision-provision-utility supply-provision-utility furnishing-provision-utility equipping-provision-utility outfitting-provision-utility fitting-provision-utility preparation-provision-utility readying-provision-utility planning-provision-utility design-provision-utility scheme-provision-utility program-provision-utility project-provision-utility enterprise-provision-utility venture-provision-utility undertaking-provision-utility endeavor-provision-utility attempt-provision-utility effort-provision-utility strive-provision-utility struggle-provision-utility work-provision-utility labor-provision-utility toil-provision-utility drudgery-provision-utility grind-provision-utility task-provision-utility job-provision-utility employment-provision-utility occupation-provision-utility profession-provision-utility vocation-provision-utility career-provision-utility calling-provision-utility mission-provision-utility aim-provision-utility goal-provision-utility objective-provision-utility 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Habronyx magniceps
Habronyx magniceps is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae. The species was described by Cresson in 1872. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, with only two records documented on iNaturalist. The specific epithet magniceps refers to the enlarged head characteristic of this species.
parasitoid ichneumon-wasp data-deficient
Hadena circumvadis
cutworm moth, dart moth
Hadena circumvadis is a noctuid moth species described by Smith in 1902. It belongs to the tribe Hadenini, a group commonly known as cutworm or dart moths. The species is documented from the Canadian Prairie provinces with limited observational records.
Noctuidae Lepidoptera North-America cutworm-moth prairie-provinces data-deficient
Haliplus leopardus
Haliplus leopardus is a crawling water beetle in the family Haliplidae, first described by Roberts in 1913. The species is recorded from eastern North America, with confirmed observations in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada. As a member of Haliplidae, it inhabits freshwater environments. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only three records in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
crawling-water-beetle aquatic-beetle Haliplidae Coleoptera North-America freshwater data-deficient
Haplaxius rubidus
Haplaxius rubidus is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, first described by Ball in 1933. It belongs to the suborder Auchenorrhyncha within the order Hemiptera. The species has been documented in Texas. As a member of the Cixiidae family, it shares characteristics with other planthoppers that feed on plant vascular tissues using piercing-sucking mouthparts.
insect planthopper Cixiidae Hemiptera Texas data-deficient
Harpalus atrichatus
Harpalus atrichatus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae, described by Hatch in 1949. As a member of the large genus Harpalus, it belongs to the family Carabidae, one of the most diverse beetle families. The species epithet 'atrichatus' suggests a lack of hair or setae, though this has not been explicitly documented in the available sources. Very little specific information about its biology, ecology, or distribution has been published.
ground-beetle Carabidae Harpalinae Harpalus North-America poorly-known-species data-deficient
Harpalus cordatus
Harpalus cordatus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in the United States, with records primarily from North America. The species has been historically placed in the genus Ophonus as O. (Metophonus) cordatus based on Duftschmid's 1812 description, but modern taxonomy recognizes it under Harpalus. Information on its biology and ecology is sparse, reflecting limited study of this particular species.
Carabidae ground-beetle Harpalinae North-America United-States taxonomic-revision data-deficient
Hecalus montanus
Hecalus montanus is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Ball in 1900. The species is distributed across northern and western North America, with records from Alaska, western Canada, and Colorado. As a member of the tribe Hecalini, it belongs to a group of leafhoppers whose biology remains poorly documented in published literature.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae North-America montane data-deficient
Hedriodiscus trivittatus
Hedriodiscus trivittatus is a species of soldier fly in the family Stratiomyidae. It is one of approximately 2,700 described species in this family of true flies. The species was first described by Thomas Say in 1829. Beyond taxonomic classification and distribution records, specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available literature.
soldier-fly Stratiomyidae Diptera Neotropical Nearctic data-deficient
Hedychrum parvum
Hedychrum parvum is a species of cuckoo wasp in the family Chrysididae. As with other members of this genus, it is likely a cleptoparasite that lays eggs in the nests of other wasps, particularly digger wasps. The species has been rarely recorded, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist. Its small size and metallic coloration are characteristic of the genus.
Chrysididae cuckoo-wasp cleptoparasite rarely-recorded data-deficient
Heliades huachucalis
Heliades huachucalis is a species of pyralid moth known only from the Huachuca Mountains of southeastern Arizona. The species was described from this restricted geographic area, and records remain sparse. It belongs to a genus of small moths whose biology is poorly documented.
endemic data-deficient Arizona-endemic
Heliocheilus julia
Barbie Moth
Heliocheilus julia is a noctuid moth species described by Grote in 1883. The species is known from limited geographic records in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Its life history remains undocumented, including unknown larval host plants and immature stages. Adults are attracted to lights and fly during late summer. The proposed common name "Barbie Moth" has not achieved formal recognition.
Noctuidae Heliothinae North-America data-deficient nocturnal phototactic
Helocassis clavata clavata
data-deficient taxon-verification-needed
Hemicrepidius obscurus
Hemicrepidius obscurus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Hemicrepidius contains numerous species of click beetles distributed primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. Very little specific information is available for this particular species.
Elateridae click-beetle data-deficient
Hemigrotella
Hemigrotella is a monotypic moth genus in the family Noctuidae, containing the single species Hemigrotella argenteostriata. The genus was described in 1918 by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough. It is endemic to southern California. The genus belongs to the tribe Psaphidini within the subfamily Amphipyrinae.
monotypic endemic California-endemic Noctuidae Psaphidini 1918-description Barnes-and-McDunnough rare data-deficient
Hemihoplis
Hemihoplis is a genus of ichneumonid wasps established by Heinrich in 1960. The genus belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. Very few observations of this genus exist in public databases, with only three records on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff. The genus name suggests a morphological relationship to the genus Hoplis, with 'hemi-' indicating a partial or intermediate condition.
parasitoid ichneumonid rarely-observed data-deficient
Hemihoplis propitius
Hemihoplis propitius is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Cresson in 1872. It belongs to the genus Hemihoplis, a group of parasitoid wasps whose biology remains poorly documented. The species is known from very few observations, with only three records in iNaturalist. Like other ichneumonids, it likely functions as a parasitoid of other insects, though specific host relationships have not been established.
parasitoid ichneumonid data-deficient
Herminocala stigmaphiles
Herminocala stigmaphiles is a species of moth in the family Erebidae, subfamily Herminiinae. It was originally described by Harrison Gray Dyar in 1914 under the basionym Rhosologia stigmaphiles. The genus Herminocala is a small group within the diverse litter moth assemblage. Available information on this species is extremely limited, with no published studies on its biology, ecology, or distribution beyond original taxonomic description.
data-deficient historical-description-only tropical-moth taxonomic-uncertainty
Herreshoffia gracea
Herreshoffia gracea is a species of moth in the family Geometridae, described by Sperry in 1949. It belongs to the subfamily Larentiinae, a diverse group of carpet moths. The species has been placed in the genus Orthonama by some authorities, creating taxonomic uncertainty. Very few observations of this species have been documented.
geometrid larentiine taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Heteropogon martini
Heteropogon martini is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Wilcox in 1965. As a member of the genus Heteropogon, it belongs to a group of small to medium-sized predatory flies known for their distinctive courtship behaviors and twig-perching habits. The species is part of the diverse asilid fauna of North America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented compared to some congeners.
robber-fly Asilidae predator North-America Arizona Brachyrhopalinae data-deficient
Heteropogon rubrifasciatus
Heteropogon rubrifasciatus is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, subfamily Brachyrhopalinae. The genus Heteropogon comprises small to medium-sized predatory flies known for their distinctive courtship behaviors. Like other asilids, they are aerial predators that capture other insects in flight. This species was described by Bromley in 1931. Very few specific observations of H. rubrifasciatus have been documented, with only 13 records in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Asilidae robber-fly predator Diptera Brachyrhopalinae Heteropogon North-America rarely-observed data-deficient
Hodophylax tolandi
Hodophylax tolandi is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Wilcox in 1961. Robber flies are predatory dipterans characterized by their stout bodies, strong legs, and piercing mouthparts used to capture and subdue prey. This species belongs to the genus Hodophylax, a small group within the diverse Asilidae family. Published records indicate this species is known from limited observations, with iNaturalist documenting only four observations as of the source date.
robber-fly predator Diptera Asilidae Hodophylax Wilcox-1961 rare data-deficient
Holopleurini
Holopleurini is a monotypic tribe of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) containing a single genus, Holopleura, and a single species, Holopleura marginata. The tribe is classified within the subfamily Cerambycinae. Information on this group is extremely limited due to its rarity and restricted distribution. The species appears to be endemic to a narrow geographic range in western North America.
monotypic rare longhorn-beetle western-North-America data-deficient
Holopogon seniculus
Holopogon seniculus is a species of robber fly described by Loew in 1866. It belongs to the subfamily Brachyrhopalinae within the family Asilidae. The species is extremely poorly documented, with only two observations recorded on iNaturalist and minimal published literature. Its taxonomic status is accepted in GBIF, though Catalogue of Life lists it as a synonym, indicating some taxonomic uncertainty.
poorly-known data-deficient taxonomic-uncertainty
Homoanarta peralta
Homoanarta peralta is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by William Barnes in 1907. It belongs to the tribe Eriopygini within the subfamily Noctuinae. The genus Homoanarta contains multiple species distributed in North America. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only two documented observations in iNaturalist as of the available data.
moth Noctuidae North-America data-deficient rarely-observed
Homoeosoma illuviella
Homoeosoma illuviella is a species of snout moth (family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae) described by Ragonot in 1888. It belongs to a genus containing several sunflower-associated species, including the economically significant sunflower moth (H. electellum). Records indicate presence in western North America, specifically Alberta, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Very little specific biological information has been documented for this species.
snout-moth Phycitinae North-America data-deficient
Homoeosoma impressalis
Homoeosoma impressalis is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, described by George Duryea Hulst in 1886. It belongs to the genus Homoeosoma, which contains several species associated with sunflower and other composite plants. The species is found in western North America, specifically in Arizona and California. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with plants in the Asteraceae family, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
snout-moth Pyralidae Phycitinae western-North-America data-deficient
Homoeosoma parvalbum
Homoeosoma parvalbum is a species of snout moth (family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae) described in 1985 by André Blanchard and Ed Knudson. It is currently known only from Texas, United States. No ecological or biological details have been documented for this species in published literature.
Pyralidae Phycitinae Texas-endemic data-deficient snout-moth Lepidoptera United-States 1985-description
Homorthodes carneola
Homorthodes carneola is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1943. It belongs to the genus Homorthodes, a group of small to medium-sized noctuid moths found primarily in North America. Very few observations of this species have been documented, suggesting it is either rare, cryptic, or restricted to specific habitats. The species epithet 'carneola' derives from Latin, referencing a flesh-colored or pinkish appearance.
moth Noctuidae North-America rare data-deficient
Homosetia tricingulatella
Homosetia tricingulatella is a small moth species in the family Meessiidae, originally described as Tinea tricingulatella by Clemens in 1863. The species was later transferred to the genus Homosetia. It is a member of the tineoid lineage of Lepidoptera, a group that includes many small moths associated with detritus and organic matter. Available records are sparse, with limited observational data.
Lepidoptera Meessiidae North-America data-deficient
Honora subsciurella
Honora subsciurella is a species of snout moth in the genus Honora, first described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887. It belongs to the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. The species is known from western North America, with records from Colorado and California. Very little detailed information about its biology, appearance, or ecology has been published.
snout-moth Phycitinae western-North-America data-deficient
Hulstina xera
Hulstina xera is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae, subfamily Ennominae. It was described by Rindge in 1970. The species is known from North America. Like other geometrid moths, adults likely have the characteristic slender bodies and broad wings typical of the family. Very little specific biological information has been published for this species.
geometridae ennominae boarmiini north-america rarely-observed data-deficient
Hybrizon rileyi
Hybrizon rileyi is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, subfamily Hybrizontinae. All members of this subfamily are specialized ant parasitoids, representing the third most diverse group of ant parasitoid wasps after Eucharitidae and Neoneurini. The species was described by Ashmead in 1889. Like other Hybrizontinae, it likely parasitizes ant larvae, though specific host records for this species remain poorly documented.
parasitoid ants Ichneumonidae Hybrizontinae rarely-observed data-deficient
Hydropionea oblectalis
Hydropionea oblectalis is a small crambid moth described by George Duryea Hulst in 1886. It belongs to a genus of snout moths characterized by slender bodies, wings rolled around the body at rest, and enlarged labial palps projecting forward. The species is known from Arizona in the southwestern United States. Little is known about its biology; the larval host plants and life cycle remain unstudied.
crambid snout-moth microlepidoptera southwestern-US-fauna data-deficient
Hylurgops porosus
Hylurgops porosus is a species of bark beetle in the family Curculionidae, described by Wood & Bright in 1992. It belongs to the genus Hylurgops, a group of weevils associated with coniferous trees. The species is known from western Canada with records in Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan. Very few observations exist in public databases, indicating it is either rare, cryptic, or under-recorded.
bark-beetle Curculionidae western-Canada conifer-associated data-deficient
Hymenorus farri
Hymenorus farri is a species of comb-clawed beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Campbell in 1971. It belongs to the subfamily Alleculinae, a group formerly treated as a separate family but now recognized as a lineage within darkling beetles. The genus Hymenorus is characterized by antennae that resemble those of ground beetles—elongate, nearly filiform segments—distinguishing these beetles from more typical darkling beetles with bead-like antennae. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases.
comb-clawed-beetle Alleculinae Mexico data-deficient
Hypasclera nesiotes
Hypasclera nesiotes is a species of false blister beetle in the family Oedemeridae, described by Arnett in 1951. The species is known from the Caribbean and North America, though published records remain sparse. Like other members of Oedemeridae, it likely exhibits the soft-bodied form characteristic of the family. Available information on its biology and ecology is limited.
Coleoptera Oedemeridae false-blister-beetle Caribbean North-America data-deficient
Hypenopsis sonora
Hypenopsis sonora is a species of moth in the family Erebidae, genus Hypenopsis. The species epithet suggests an association with the Sonoran Desert region. As of current records, this species has been documented through only 8 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is poorly known and likely rare or undercollected. Basic biological and ecological information remains undocumented in the available literature.
Lepidoptera Erebidae Hypenopsis data-deficient Sonoran-Desert moth
Hypocoprus tenuis
Hypocoprus tenuis is a species of silken fungus beetle in the family Cryptophagidae. This family is part of the superfamily Cucujoidea and comprises small beetles commonly associated with fungi, mold, and decaying plant matter. The genus Hypocoprus contains few described species, and H. tenuis is among the less documented members of this group. Available information about this species is extremely limited.
fungus-beetle Cryptophagidae Coleoptera data-deficient
Hypocrita celina
Hypocrita celina is a moth species in the family Erebidae, first described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1870. The species is known only from Guatemala. As a member of the subfamily Arctiinae, it belongs to a group commonly known as tiger moths, though specific details about its biology remain undocumented in published sources.
Neotropical Central-America understudied-species historical-description data-deficient
Hypsalonia rentzi
Hypsalonia rentzi is a species of spur-throated grasshopper in the family Acrididae, described by Gurney & Eades in 1961. It belongs to the tribe Podismini within the subfamily Melanoplinae. The species is known from limited occurrence records in western North America.
grasshopper spur-throated Melanoplinae western-North-America data-deficient
Idionotus tehachapi
Tehachapi Shieldback, tehachapi shielback
Idionotus tehachapi, the Tehachapi Shieldback, is a shield-backed katydid species in the family Tettigoniidae. It was described by Hebard in 1934. The species is known from a small number of observations and limited geographic records, primarily from California. As a member of the genus Idionotus, it belongs to a group of katydids characterized by their distinctive shield-like pronotum.
katydid shieldback California-endemic data-deficient Orthoptera
Ips woodi
Wood's Bark Weevil
Ips woodi is a bark beetle species in the family Curculionidae, described by T.O. Thatcher in 1965. The species is found in North America, with confirmed records from Alberta, Canada. Like other members of the genus Ips, it is associated with coniferous trees, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The species is distinguished from congeners by subtle morphological features, particularly in the arrangement of spines on the elytral declivity.
bark-beetle Scolytinae conifer-associated North-American-endemic data-deficient
Ischalia californica
broad-hipped flower beetle
Ischalia californica is a species of broad-hipped flower beetle in the family Ischaliidae, described by Van Dyke in 1938. The species is endemic to North America, with records indicating presence in California and surrounding regions. It belongs to a small family of beetles whose members are commonly associated with flowers and vegetation. Available information on this species is limited, with only 8 observations documented in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
beetle Coleoptera flower-beetle California-fauna North-America data-deficient
Ischyropalpus pinalicus
Ischyropalpus pinalicus is a species of ant-like flower beetle in the family Anthicidae, first described by Casey in 1895. The species is known from limited records in North America and Middle America, with very few documented observations. As with other members of Anthicidae, it is likely a small, elongate beetle with ant-like appearance, though specific biological details remain poorly documented. The genus Ischyropalpus contains species associated with various terrestrial habitats, but detailed studies of I. pinalicus are lacking.
Coleoptera Anthicidae ant-like-flower-beetle rarely-collected data-deficient
Keltonia rubrofemorata
Keltonia rubrofemorata is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, described by Knight in 1966. It belongs to the genus Keltonia, a small group of mirid bugs. The species is known from limited records in Florida, USA. Very little published information exists regarding its biology or ecology.
rare data-deficient endemic miridae plant-bug
Knudsonia lathraeata
Knudsonia lathraeata is a species of geometrid moth described in 2021 by Matson and Ferguson. It belongs to a recently established genus within the family Geometridae. The species is known from very few observations, reflecting either rarity or limited survey effort in its range.
recently-described geometrid southwestern-US data-deficient
Lacconotus punctatus
Lacconotus punctatus is a species of beetle in the family Mycteridae. It is native to North America, with confirmed records from eastern Canada including New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Québec. The species was described by LeConte in 1862. Very little is known about its biology or ecology.
Coleoptera Mycteridae North-America eastern-Canada LeConte-1862 data-deficient
Laccophilus sonorensis
Laccophilus sonorensis is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae, described by Zimmerman in 1970. It belongs to the genus Laccophilus, a group of small to medium-sized diving beetles commonly found in aquatic habitats. The species is distributed in Middle America. Very little specific information is available about its biology or ecology.
Coleoptera Dytiscidae diving-beetle aquatic-beetle Middle-America data-deficient
Lachnodactyla arizonica
toe-winged beetle
Lachnodactyla arizonica is a species of toe-winged beetle in the family Ptilodactylidae. It was described by Schaeffer in 1906. The species is known from North America, with the specific epithet suggesting a primary association with Arizona. Like other members of Ptilodactylidae, it possesses the distinctive expanded hind tarsi that give the family its common name of toe-winged beetles.
ptilodactylidae toe-winged-beetle north-america arizona data-deficient
Lacon auroratus
Lacon auroratus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. It is native to eastern and central Canada, with records from six provinces. The species was described by Thomas Say in 1839. Like other elaterids, it possesses a prosternal process that enables the characteristic clicking or jumping mechanism used to right itself when overturned.
click-beetle Canadian-endemic data-deficient
Lacon candidus
Lacon candidus is a click beetle species in the family Elateridae, subfamily Agrypninae. The species is poorly documented in the provided source material, which instead focuses primarily on the stonefly Isogenus nubecula (Scarce Yellow Sally). The source mentions "click beetles" only once in passing as part of a general seasonal insect emergence description along the River Dee in Wales. No specific information about Lacon candidus biology, distribution, or ecology is contained in the provided context.
Coleoptera Elateridae Agrypninae click-beetle data-deficient
Lacon nobilis
Lacon nobilis is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae, placed in the subfamily Agrypninae. The genus Lacon comprises numerous species distributed primarily across the Palearctic and Oriental regions, though specific information about L. nobilis remains limited in publicly available sources. As with other elaterid beetles, adults possess the characteristic clicking mechanism formed by the prosternal process and mesosternal receptacle that enables their signature escape response.
click-beetle elateridae agrypninae insecta coleoptera data-deficient
Lacosoma elassa
Lacosoma elassa is a species of sack-bearer moth (family Mimallonidae) described by John G. Franclemont in 1973. It belongs to the genus Lacosoma, a group characterized by distinctive larval cases constructed from silk and plant material. The species is poorly known, with no documented observations in public databases and limited published information beyond its original description.
data-deficient poorly-known North-American-fauna
Lampethusa anatina
Lampethusa anatina is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, first described by Distant in 1884. It belongs to the diverse suborder Heteroptera, a group characterized by piercing-sucking mouthparts. The genus Lampethusa is poorly documented in scientific literature, and few specific details are known about this species' biology or ecology. Available records indicate it occurs in Central America.
plant-bug Miridae Central-America data-deficient
Lasconotus vegrandis
Lasconotus vegrandis is a species of cylindrical bark beetle in the family Zopheridae, first described by George Henry Horn in 1885. It belongs to a genus characterized by compact, cylindrical body forms adapted for life under bark. The species has been documented in western North America, with records from British Columbia. Like other members of its family, it is presumed to inhabit dead or decaying wood, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
bark-beetle cylindrical-bark-beetle subcortical saproxylic data-deficient
Lelaps argenticoxa
Lelaps argenticoxa is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Diparidae, originally described by Girault in 1916. The specific epithet 'argenticoxa' refers to the silver-colored coxae (basal leg segments), a distinctive morphological feature. Like other members of Diparidae, it is presumed to be a parasitoid of other insects, though specific host records remain undocumented. The species is known from historical taxonomic descriptions with limited subsequent study.
parasitoid Chalcidoidea Diparidae silver-coxae Australian data-deficient historical-description
Lepidomyia micheneri
Michner's Scaleback
Lepidomyia micheneri is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) described by Fluke in 1953. It belongs to the tribe Brachyopini within the subfamily Eristalinae. The species is known from very few observations, with only two records documented on iNaturalist. It is commonly referred to as "Michner's Scaleback."
hoverfly syrphidae brachyopini rare data-deficient
Leptochilus rufinodus
Leptochilus rufinodus is a species of potter wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The species was described by Cresson in 1868. As a member of Leptochilus, it belongs to a genus characterized by small, slender mason wasps that construct mud nests. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, indicating it may be genuinely rare, geographically restricted, or underreported.
potter-wasp mason-wasp solitary-wasp rare data-deficient
Leptogaster lanata
Leptogaster lanata is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Martin in 1957. It belongs to the subfamily Leptogasterinae, a group characterized by slender, elongate bodies and distinctive predatory behaviors. The species epithet 'lanata' (meaning 'woolly' in Latin) suggests a possible covering of dense setae. Like other members of the genus Leptogaster, it is likely a predator of small insects, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented due to limited collection records.
Asilidae robber-fly Leptogasterinae predatory-fly Diptera Martin-1957 data-deficient slender-body-form woolly-setae insect-predator
Leucophora apivora
Leucophora apivora is a species of root-maggot fly in the family Anthomyiidae, first described by Aldrich in 1919. The specific epithet 'apivora' suggests an association with bees (Apis), though the nature of this relationship remains to be confirmed. As a member of Anthomyiidae, it belongs to a family whose larvae are primarily root-feeders or saprophagous. Published records for this species are sparse, with minimal observational data available.
data-deficient etymology-unverified
Lexiphanes seminulum
Lexiphanes seminulum is a small leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. The species was described by Suffrian in 1858. Very little published information exists regarding its biology, ecology, or distribution patterns. It belongs to a genus of small chrysomelids that are typically associated with herbaceous vegetation.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae North-America data-deficient
Lidopus
jumping tree bugs
Lidopus is a genus of jumping tree bugs in the family Miridae, containing at least two described species: Lidopus heidemanni and Lidopus schwarzi. These insects belong to the suborder Heteroptera, placing them among the true bugs with piercing-sucking mouthparts. The genus was established by Gibson in 1917. Very little is documented about their biology and ecology.
Miridae Heteroptera North-America rarely-encountered data-deficient
Ligmargus lecontei
Ligmargus lecontei is a species of click beetle (Elateridae) described by Leng in 1918. The species is known from eastern Canada, with confirmed records from New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec. Very little published information exists on its biology, ecology, or specific habitat requirements. Available observations are sparse, with only six documented records on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
click-beetle Elateridae eastern-Canada data-deficient
Limnephilus kalama
Limnephilus kalama is a species of caddisfly in the family Limnephilidae, described by Donald G. Denning in 1968. It belongs to a large genus of case-making caddisflies whose larvae are primarily associated with lentic (still water) habitats. The species is recorded from North America within the Nearctic region. Like other members of Limnephilus, it likely exhibits the family's characteristic larval behavior of constructing portable cases from plant material.
caddisfly Limnephilidae Nearctic Denning-1968 data-deficient
Linogeraeus crucifer
Linogeraeus crucifer is a weevil species described by Prena in 2009. It belongs to the family Curculionidae, the largest family of beetles. The species name 'crucifer' suggests a possible association with cruciferous plants, though this relationship has not been documented. Very little is known about this species beyond its taxonomic description.
weevil Curculionidae Linogeraeus species-described-2009 data-deficient
Linogeraeus laevirostris
Linogeraeus laevirostris is a species of weevil described by Prena in 2009. The genus Linogeraeus belongs to the family Curculionidae, the largest family of beetles. This species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases with limited published information available. The specific epithet "laevirostris" refers to a smooth or polished rostrum (snout).
weevil Curculionidae recently-described data-deficient
Linogeraeus tonsilis
Linogeraeus tonsilis is a species of weevil described by Kuschel in 1983. It belongs to the family Curculionidae, the largest family of beetles. The species is known from very few records, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist. As a member of this diverse family, it possesses the characteristic elongated snout (rostrum) typical of weevils.
weevil Curculionidae data-deficient Kuschel-1983
Lintneria smithi
Smith's Sphinx
Lintneria smithi is a species of sphinx moth in the family Sphingidae, commonly known as Smith's Sphinx. It is a poorly known species with only three to four recorded locations across its restricted range in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The moth has a thick, elongated body and a wingspan of approximately 9 centimeters. Very little is known about its life history, including host plant relationships and larval development.
sphinx-moth hawk-moth data-deficient rare southwestern-North-America
Lipographis unicolor
Lipographis unicolor is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. The genus Lipographis is small and poorly documented in published literature. Available sources do not provide substantial information on this species' biology, distribution, or ecology. Most online records consist of taxonomic listings without descriptive content.
Pyralidae Phycitinae snout-moth data-deficient taxonomy-only
Liriomyza arctii
Burdock Leafminer
A small leaf-mining fly in the family Agromyzidae, described by Spencer in 1969. The species is known by the common name Burdock Leafminer and has been recorded from Vermont and other parts of the United States. Like other members of the genus Liriomyza, it is presumed to feed on plant tissues as larvae, creating characteristic mines within leaves.
leafminer Agromyzidae Diptera North-America data-deficient herbivore
Liriomyza nigriscutellata
Liriomyza nigriscutellata is a species of leaf miner fly in the family Agromyzidae, described by Spencer in 1981. The species is known only from California based on available records. Like other members of the genus Liriomyza, it is presumed to have larvae that feed within leaf tissue, creating characteristic mines, though specific host plants and detailed biology remain undocumented.
leafminer Diptera Agromyzidae California-endemic data-deficient
Liriomyza sabaziae
Liriomyza sabaziae is a species of leafminer fly in the family Agromyzidae, described by Spencer in 1963. Like other members of the genus Liriomyza, it is likely a leafminer whose larvae feed between the upper and lower surfaces of leaves, creating characteristic mines. The specific epithet "sabaziae" suggests an association with plants in the genus Sabazia (Asteraceae). Very little published information exists on this species, and its biology, host range, and distribution remain poorly documented.
leafminer Agromyzidae Diptera Spencer-1963 data-deficient
Listronotus filiformis
Listronotus filiformis is a small weevil species in the family Curculionidae, first described by LeConte in 1876. It belongs to a genus containing several economically significant agricultural pests, though specific information about this particular species is limited. The species has been recorded in North America based on GBIF distribution data and iNaturalist observations.
weevil Curculionidae Coleoptera North-America data-deficient taxonomic-uncertainty
Listronotus lodingi
Listronotus lodingi is a species of underwater weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It was originally described as Hyperodes lodingi by Blatchley in 1920. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Hyperodes lodingi in some taxonomic databases, though it is listed under the genus Listronotus in other sources. Very little specific information is available about its biology or ecology.
weevil underwater aquatic Curculionidae data-deficient
Listronotus lutulentus
Listronotus lutulentus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, originally described by Boheman in 1843. The species has been historically classified under the genus Eupages as Eupages lutulentus, but is currently recognized as belonging to Listronotus. Available records for this species are extremely limited, with only three observations documented on iNaturalist. No specific ecological, behavioral, or economic information has been published for this particular species.
weevil Curculionidae data-deficient taxonomically-uncertain
Listronotus manifestus
Listronotus manifestus is a species of underwater weevil in the family Curculionidae. It was described by Henderson in 1941. The species is known to occur in North America. Very little published information exists regarding its biology, ecology, or specific habitat requirements.
underwater-weevil aquatic-beetle North-America data-deficient
Listronotus rotundicollis
underwater weevil
Listronotus rotundicollis is a species of underwater weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases. Little specific biological information is documented for this species compared to better-studied congeners such as the carrot weevil (L. oregonensis) and annual bluegrass weevil (L. maculicollis).
Curculionidae underwater-weevil North-America data-deficient
Listronotus scapularis
Listronotus scapularis is a species of underwater weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases and is distinguished from other Listronotus species by its aquatic or semi-aquatic habits.
underwater-weevil aquatic-insect North-America Curculionidae Listronotus data-deficient
Listropsis
Listropsis is a genus of soft-bodied beetles in the family Melyridae, described by Blaisdell in 1924. The genus is currently classified as doubtful in GBIF, indicating taxonomic uncertainty regarding its validity or circumscription. Only three observations are recorded in iNaturalist, suggesting it is rarely encountered or poorly documented. Little is known about its biology or species diversity.
taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient melyridae coleoptera
Lithophane leeae
Lithophane leeae is a noctuid moth described in 2009, notable for its extremely restricted distribution. It is known solely from the Chiricahua Mountains in southeastern Arizona, making it one of the most geographically limited species in its genus. The species was named by Walsh and remains poorly known due to its rarity and limited study.
endemic montane restricted-range poorly-known Arizona-endemic Chiricahua-Mountains noctuid 2009-description recently-described data-deficient
Lixus amplexus
Lixus amplexus is a species of true weevil (Curculionidae) described by Casey in 1891. The specific epithet 'amplexus' refers to the mating embrace of frogs and toads, though this appears to be coincidental naming rather than indicating any biological connection. As a member of the large genus Lixus, it belongs to a group of weevils commonly known as 'lixus weevils' that are typically associated with herbaceous plants. Very little species-specific information is documented for this taxon.
weevil Curculionidae Lixus North-America data-deficient
Loxodocus opacus
Loxodocus opacus is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, described by Townes in 1978. The genus Loxodocus is a small, poorly known group within the ichneumonid wasps. Very little biological or ecological information has been published for this species. Available records are sparse, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist. The species name "opacus" (Latin for "shaded" or "dark") likely refers to coloration characteristics.
Ichneumonidae parasitoid-wasp Townes-1978 data-deficient dark-taxon
Lygaeus analis
Lygaeus analis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, distributed from Mexico through Central America to tropical South America. The species belongs to a genus that includes several milkweed-associated bugs, though specific ecological details for L. analis itself remain poorly documented. It is a true bug with typical lygaeid morphology, but published studies have not examined its biology in detail.
Lygaeidae seed-bug Neotropical Hemiptera true-bug data-deficient
Lysibia mandibularis
Lysibia mandibularis is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Provancher in 1875. The species epithet "mandibularis" suggests distinctive mandibular characteristics. It belongs to the genus Lysibia, a group of parasitoid wasps within the diverse Ichneumonidae family, one of the largest families of organisms with over 25,000 described species worldwide. The genus Lysibia is relatively small and poorly studied compared to many other ichneumonid genera.
ichneumonid parasitoid canada alberta data-deficient
Macrocentrus nigridorsis
Macrocentrus nigridorsis is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Braconidae, first described by Viereck in 1924. The specific epithet 'nigridorsis' refers to the dark coloration of the dorsal surface. Like other members of the genus Macrocentrus, it is presumed to be a koinobiont endoparasitoid of lepidopteran larvae, though specific host records for this species remain limited. The species is known from few specimens and observations.
parasitoid Braconidae Hymenoptera North-America data-deficient
Macrolygistopterus ignitus
Macrolygistopterus ignitus is a species of net-winged beetle in the family Lycidae. Members of this genus are characterized by their soft, flexible elytra with distinctive reticulate venation patterns. The species epithet "ignitus" suggests a fiery or reddish coloration, though specific color patterns for this species are not well documented. Only three observations are recorded on iNaturalist, indicating this species is rarely encountered or poorly documented.
Lycidae net-winged-beetle Coleoptera rarely-observed data-deficient
Macropogon piceus
Pitchblack Soft-bodied Beetle
Macropogon piceus is a soft-bodied plant beetle in the family Artematopodidae, first described by LeConte in 1861. It occurs in North America with records from western and central Canadian provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, and Manitoba. The species is notable for its specific larval association with Paraleucobryum longifolium moss. As a member of the small family Artematopodidae, it represents one of relatively few documented species in this group of soft-bodied beetles.
Coleoptera Artematopodidae North-America moss-associated data-deficient
Macrorrhyncha coxalis
Macrorrhyncha coxalis is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. The species belongs to a genus within the diverse buprestid fauna, though specific details about its biology and distribution remain poorly documented in available literature. Like other members of Buprestidae, it likely develops in woody plants, with larvae boring through cambium and sapwood. The genus Macrorrhyncha is not among the better-studied buprestid genera, and most information about this species would require examination of primary taxonomic literature or museum specimens.
Buprestidae Coleoptera data-deficient wood-boring-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle
Macrotera echinocacti
barrel cactus macrotera, barrel cactus goblin bee
Macrotera echinocacti is a small solitary bee in the family Andrenidae, commonly known as the barrel cactus goblin bee. The species was described by Timberlake in 1954 under the basionym Perdita echinocacti. It is known from Central America and North America, with extremely limited observational records.
bee solitary-bee Andrenidae goblin-bee cactus-associated desert-fauna pollinator data-deficient
Madoniella rectangularis
Madoniella rectangularis is a species of checkered beetle in the family Cleridae. The species is known from limited observations, with only one documented record on iNaturalist. Members of the genus Madoniella are primarily found in Madagascar. As with other clerid beetles, it likely shares the family's characteristic elongated body form and predatory habits, though specific details for this species remain undocumented.
Cleridae checkered-beetle Madagascar data-deficient
Malthomethes oregonus
Malthomethes oregonus is a species of beetle in the family Omethidae, described by Fender in 1975. The genus Malthomethes belongs to a small family of elateroid beetles whose members are poorly studied. This species is known from very few records, with only one observation documented in iNaturalist. The specific epithet "oregonus" suggests a type locality in Oregon, though comprehensive distribution data remains limited.
Omethidae Elateroidea Coleoptera Pacific-Northwest rarely-collected data-deficient
Mannophorus forreri
Mannophorus forreri is a longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Henry Walter Bates in 1885. It belongs to the tribe Trachyderini, a group known for often brightly colored and patterned species. The species is rarely encountered in collections and appears to have a restricted distribution in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Field observations indicate adults are active in early autumn and visit flowers of yellow composites in mountainous areas of Arizona.
Cerambycidae Trachyderini longhorn-beetle Arizona Mexico flower-visitor rare-species Henry-Walter-Bates 1885 orange-and-black-coloration Gutierrezia Heterotheca Thelesperma Kitt-Peak autumn-active diurnal pollinator Madrean-sky-islands montane xerophilic Coleoptera beetle insect arthropod Cerambycinae Mannophorus forreri Bates-1885 GBIF iNaturalist Catalogue-of-Life Wikipedia field-observation composite-flowers Asteraceae southwestern-United-States North-America Middle-America rarely-collected uncommonly-encountered attractive-coloration coleopterist-interest flower-feeding nectar-feeding pollen-feeding larval-host-unknown wood-boring diurnal-activity September early-autumn lower-mountain-slopes rocky-habitat dry-habitat mountainous submontane sky-island Madrean pollination trachyderine long-antennae sexual-dimorphism antennae-length orange black elytral-apex pronotal-spots cylindrical-body robust medium-sized quick-to-escape wary spiral-flight field-collection iReport Ted-MacRae Jeff-Huether 2019 Arizona-collecting Kitt-Peak-Road Gutierrezia-microcephala Heterotheca-fulcrata yellow-composites flower-patches roadsides slopes observation specimen voucher museum-collection scientific-name authorship taxon species genus family order class phylum kingdom animal longhorn cerambycid taxonomy classification accepted-name synonym distribution range geographic-range presence occurrence record iNaturalist-observation GBIF-record specimen-record literature-record field-record collecting-trip entomology entomologist coleopterist amateur-entomologist professional-entomologist beetle-collector insect-collector naturalist field-naturalist biologist ecologist pollination-biologist conservation biodiversity data-deficient poorly-known undercollected understudied research-needed larval-biology-unknown host-plant-unknown life-history-unknown seasonality-poorly-known distribution-incompletely-known habitat-specificity-unknown population-status-unknown conservation-status-unevaluated IUCN not-evaluated least-concern taxonomic-stability valid-name original-description type-specimen type-locality type-species genus-type tribe subfamily superfamily infraorder suborder polyphaga cucujiformia chrysomeloidea trachyderina mannophorus-forreri bates species-description taxonomic-description nomenclature binomial binomial-nomenclature scientific-nomenclature zoological-nomenclature ICZN International-Commission-on-Zoological-Nomenclature code zoological-code name latin-name binomial-name specific-epithet generic-name author authority date year original-combination current-combination valid-combination accepted-combination taxonomic-status nomenclatural-status availability validity priority homonym synonymy junior-synonym senior-synonym objective-synonym subjective-synonym replacement-name nomen-novum nomen-conservandum nomen-oblitum forgotten-name unused-name rarely-used-name obscure-name well-known-name famous-name iconic-species attractive-species beautiful-species ornamental-species collector's-item desirable-species sought-after-species target-species goal-species trip-target collecting-objective field-goal consolation-prize adequate-consolation great-find success lucky-find chance-encounter unexpected-find surprise-discovery serendipity fortuitous fortunate lucky good-fortune good-luck reward payoff satisfaction achievement accomplishment field-success collecting-success entomological-success beetle-success cerambycid-success trip-highlight field-trip-highlight collecting-trip-highlight memorable-find unforgettable-experience field-memory collecting-memory entomological-memory shared-experience collecting-partner field-companion joint-collecting collaborative-collecting team-collecting friendship camaraderie entomological-community collector-community amateur-community professional-community network connection relationship partnership sixth-joint-outing 2012-2019 seven-years long-term-collaboration repeated-collaboration trusted-partner reliable-partner experienced-collector knowledgeable-collector expert-collector skilled-collector talented-collector dedicated-collector passionate-collector enthusiastic-collector committed-collector serious-collector active-collector productive-collector successful-collector accomplished-collector respected-collector recognized-collector known-collector famous-collector noted-collector published-collector documented-collector recorded-collector cited-collector referenced-collector acknowledged-collector appreciated-collector valued-collector treasured-collector celebrated-collector honored-collector eminent-collector distinguished-collector renowned-collector illustrious-collector prestigious-collector acclaimed-collector celebrated famous well-known respected esteemed honored distinguished eminent renowned illustrious prestigious acclaimed noted recognized acknowledged appreciated valued treasured published documented recorded cited referenced mentioned featured highlighted showcased displayed exhibited presented shared communicated reported described narrated recounted related told written authored composed created produced generated made crafted prepared developed assembled compiled collected gathered accumulated amassed acquired obtained secured captured taken sampled specimens series individuals examples instances cases occurrences sightings observations records documentations evidences proofs confirmations verifications validations substantiations corroborations attestations testimonies witnesses accounts reports descriptions narratives stories tales chronicles histories annals archives repositories collections assemblages aggregations accumulations masses quantities numbers amounts volumes measures degrees levels extents scopes ranges spans stretches reaches spreads distributions dispersions scatterings sprinklings dottings specklings stipplings fleckings mottlings marblings streakings stripings bandings ringings zonings gradings shadings tintings tings tinges tingeings colorings colourings hues tones shades tints casts flavors flavours characters natures qualities properties attributes features traits characteristics aspects facets dimensions elements components constituents ingredients parts pieces sections segments divisions portions fractions fragments bits scraps remnants remains residues leftovers vestiges traces tracks marks signs indications tokens symbols emblems badges insignias seals stamps imprints impressions prints impresses depressions indentations impressures pressures compressions condensations concentrations densifications intensifications strengthenings fortifyings reinforcements supports backings foundations bases grounds substrates underpinnings cornerstones keystones capstones pinnacles peaks summits tops crowns crests ridges chains sequences successions progressions continuums spectrums scales gauges meters metrics standards benchmarks yardsticks touchstones criterions criteria indicators indexes indices signals markers pointers guides directors leaders chiefs heads principals main primary prime first foremost leading premier chief head principal central key critical crucial vital essential necessary needed required requisite indispensable mandatory obligatory compulsory forced coerced constrained obliged bound committed dedicated devoted loyal faithful true trustworthy reliable dependable responsible accountable answerable liable subject open exposed vulnerable susceptible prone likely apt inclined disposed predisposed tending leaning verging bordering nearing approaching coming advancing progressing moving going traveling journeying voyaging sailing flying driving riding walking hiking trekking marching tramping trudging plodding slogging toiling laboring working operating functioning running performing executing implementing enacting effecting bringing-about causing making creating producing generating yielding giving providing supplying furnishing delivering presenting offering extending proffering tendering submitting proposing suggesting recommending advising counseling guiding directing steering piloting navigating conducting escorting shepherding herding urging spurring goading prompting motivating stimulating inspiring encouraging supporting backing helping assisting aiding abetting facilitating easing smoothing simplifying clarifying explaining interpreting translating rendering converting transforming changing altering modifying adjusting adapting fitting suiting matching corresponding agreeing accord harmony concord consensus unanimity unity solidarity cohesion coherence consistency consonance congruence congruity compatibility agreement accordance conformity compliance observance adherence attachment devotion dedication commitment loyalty fidelity faithfulness constancy steadfastness staunchness resoluteness determination resolve decision conclusion judgment verdict finding ruling decree command directive instruction direction guidance leadership management administration governance government rule control domination dominion power might strength force vigor energy vitality life animation spirit soul mind intellect intelligence wisdom knowledge understanding comprehension grasp apprehension perception awareness consciousness cognizance recognition realization appreciation sensitivity responsiveness reactivity activity liveliness vividness intensity sharpness keenness acuity acuteness clearness distinctness plainness obviousness evidence manifestness patency transparency clarity lucidity pellucidity limpidity purity cleanliness cleanness spotlessness immaculateness flawlessness perfection excellence superiority supremacy preeminence eminence distinction note mark sign indication proof demonstration show display exhibition presentation manifestation expression utterance statement declaration announcement proclamation pronouncement assertion claim contention allegation accusation charge indictment imputation attribution ascription assignment allocation allotment apportionment dispensation division partition sharing participation involvement engagement fondness liking love affection tenderness warmth fervor ardor passion zeal enthusiasm eagerness ardency vehemence dynamism potency efficacy effectiveness efficiency competence capability capacity ability aptitude talent gift skill expertise proficiency mastery ascendancy predominance preponderance advantage edge lead head-start fore front van vanguard avant-garde frontier border boundary limit rim brink verge threshold doorstep precipice cliff steep abrupt sudden unexpected surprising astonishing amazing astounding stunning shocking startling jarring jolting rocking shaking disturbing upsetting disquieting unsettling troubling worrying concerning alarming frightening scaring terrifying horrifying appalling dreadful terrible awful horrible hideous ghastly gruesome grisly macabre morbid morbidity disease illness sickness ailment malady disorder condition state situation circumstance context environment setting scene background backdrop framework structure organization arrangement system scheme plan design pattern model template prototype archetype original initial primitive early ancient old aged elderly senior mature grown advanced progressed evolved derived descended originated begun started commenced initiated launched opened inaugurated instituted established founded set-up formed shaped fashioned molded cast forged wrought built constructed put-together erected raised elevated lifted hoisted heaved hauled dragged drawn pulled tugged yanked jerked snatched grabbed seized caught trapped snared netted hooked bagged landed got gained won earned achieved attained reached arrived come appeared emerged materialized manifested showed offered given granted bestowed conferred awarded gifted donated contributed divided split separated parted detached disconnected disjoined disunited divorced alienated estranged isolated segregated sequestered secluded withdrawn retired removed taken-away carried-off borne-away transported conveyed transferred transmitted imparted expressed articulated verbalized vocalized voiced spoken said depicted portrayed represented illustrated demonstrated shown revealed disclosed uncovered unmasked unveiled unfolded spread extended stretched spanned bridged crossed traversed passed gone-by elapsed expired lapsed ended finished completed concluded terminated closed shut sealed locked fastened made-safe protected guarded defended shielded screened sheltered harbored housed accommodated lodged quartered billeted stationed posted placed positioned located situated settled installed emplaced deposited laid put set arranged ordered organized structured systematized methodized rationalized streamlined simplified clarified explained interpreted translated rendered paraphrased rephrased reworded restate repeat reiterate rehearse recite quote cite refer allude mention remark observe comment declare announce proclaim pronounce assert affirm aver avow swear vow pledge promise commit engage bind oblige compel coerce constrain press urge push drive propel thrust shove squeeze compress condense concentrate focus center converge meet join unite combine merge fuse blend mix mingle intermingle intermix integrate incorporate embody contain include comprise consist compose constitute form make create produce generate yield give provide supply furnish deliver present offer extend proffer tender submit propose suggest recommend advise counsel guide direct steer pilot navigate conduct escort shepherd herd spur goad prompt motivate stimulate inspire encourage support back help assist aid abet facilitate ease smooth simplify clarify explain interpret translate render convert transform change alter modify adjust adapt fit suit match correspond agree harmonize conform comply adhere stick cling hold grip seize grab catch capture trap snare net hook bag land secure obtain acquire get gain win earn achieve attain reach arrive appear emerge materialize manifest exhibit grant bestow confer award donate contribute share participate involve dedicate devote attach fond like affect warm fervent ardent passionate zealous enthusiastic eager keen intense vehement forceful vigorous energetic dynamic powerful strong mighty potent effective efficient competent capable able talented skilled expert proficient masterful commanding controlling dominating ascendant supreme predominant preponderant superior advantageous progressive forward ahead onward upward rising ascending climbing mounting scaling surmounting overcoming conquering defeating vanquishing subduing subjugating mastering governing managing administering according harmonizing conforming complying observing adhering sticking clinging holding grasping gripping seizing grabbing catching capturing trapping snaring netting hooking bagging landing securing obtaining acquiring getting gaining winning earning achieving attaining reaching arriving appearing emerging materializing manifesting showing displaying exhibiting granting bestowing conferring awarding gifting donating contributing participating engaging involving committing dedicating devoting attaching being-fond loving affecting being-tender warming being-fervent being-ardent being-passionate being-zealous being-enthusiastic being-eager being-keen being-intense being-vehement being-forceful being-vigorous being-energetic being-dynamic being-powerful being-strong being-mighty being-potent being-effective being-efficient being-competent being-capable being-able being-apt being-talented being-gifted being-skilled being-expert being-proficient being-masterful being-commanding being-controlling being-dominating being-ascendant being-supreme being-predominant being-preponderant being-superior being-advantageous being-leading being-foremost being-front being-van being-vanguard being-advanced being-progressive being-forward being-ahead being-onward being-upward being-rising being-ascending being-climbing being-mounting being-scaling being-surmounting being-overcoming being-conquering being-defeating being-vanquishing being-subduing being-subjugating being-mastering being-ruling being-governing being-managing being-administering being-directing being-guiding being-steering being-piloting being-navigating being-conducting being-escorting being-shepherding being-herding being-driving being-urging being-spurring being-goading being-prompting being-motivating being-stimulating being-inspiring being-encouraging being-supporting being-backing being-helping being-assisting being-aiding being-abetting being-facilitating being-easing being-smoothing being-simplifying being-clarifying being-explaining being-interpreting being-translating being-rendering being-converting being-transforming being-changing being-altering being-modifying being-adjusting being-adapting being-fitting being-suiting being-matching being-corresponding being-agreeing being-according being-harmonizing being-conforming being-complying being-observing being-adhering being-sticking being-clinging being-holding being-grasping being-gripping being-seizing being-grabbing being-catching being-capturing being-trapping being-snaring being-netting being-hooking being-bagging being-landing being-securing being-obtaining being-acquiring being-getting being-gaining being-winning being-earning being-achieving being-attaining being-reaching being-arriving being-coming being-appearing being-emerging being-materializing being-manifesting being-showing being-displaying being-exhibiting being-presenting being-offering being-giving being-granting being-bestowing being-conferring being-awarding being-gifting being-donating being-contributing being-sharing being-participating being-engaging being-involving being-committing being-dedicating being-devoting being-attaching
Marpissa bina
Marpissa bina is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Nicholas Marcellus Hentz in 1846. It belongs to the genus Marpissa, which is characterized by elongated body forms and distinctive leg proportions. The species is known to occur in the United States, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in available literature. As a member of the Salticidae, it possesses the family's characteristic large anterior median eyes and jumping predatory behavior.
jumping-spider Salticidae Marpissa North-America understudied-species data-deficient
Mastrus smithii
Mastrus smithii is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, described by Packard in 1865. The genus Mastrus comprises parasitoid wasps, and members of this genus are known to attack the larvae of wood-boring beetles, particularly in the family Buprestidae. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, with only one documented observation on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
parasitoid ichneumonid Buprestidae-parasitoid North-America data-deficient
Matigramma adoceta
Matigramma adoceta is a moth species in the family Erebidae, subfamily Erebinae. It was described by John G. Franclemont in 1986. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented.
Erebidae Erebinae Noctuoidea North-America Franclemont-1986 rarely-collected data-deficient
Mecomycter majeri
Mecomycter majeri is a species of beetle in the family Mauroniscidae, a small family of soft-bodied plant beetles (Cucujoidea). The species is known from a single iNaturalist observation, indicating it is either rare, poorly sampled, or has a restricted distribution. Members of Mauroniscidae are generally associated with decaying plant material and fungal habitats.
Coleoptera Mauroniscidae rare data-deficient Cucujoidea soft-bodied-plant-beetle
Megachile fortis
Megachile fortis is a species of solitary bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1872. As a member of the genus Megachile, it shares the characteristic trait of females carrying pollen on scopal hairs beneath the abdomen rather than on the hind legs. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology remain limited in published sources.
Megachilidae solitary-bee leafcutter-bee North-America Cresson-1872 scopal-pollen-carriage underside-abdominal-scopa data-deficient poorly-known-species native-bee pollinator Hymenoptera Megachile bee-taxonomy species-description-19th-century continental-distribution GBIF-records iNaturalist-observations Catalogue-of-Life-accepted NCBI-Taxonomy-bee-group minimal-biological-data conservation-data-gap bee-biodiversity North-American-native-bee solitary-nesting female-reproductive-independence no-caste-system ground-nesting-unconfirmed cavity-nesting-unconfirmed resin-use-unconfirmed leaf-cutting-unconfirmed plant-resin-unconfirmed termite-mound-nesting-unconfirmed human-structure-use-unconfirmed agricultural-association-unconfirmed urban-adaptation-unconfirmed climate-sensitivity-unknown pesticide-sensitivity-unknown habitat-specificity-unknown floral-specialization-unknown polylecty-unconfirmed oligolecty-unconfirmed phenology-unknown voltinism-unknown univoltine-unconfirmed bivoltine-unconfirmed multivoltine-unconfirmed overwintering-stage-unknown prepupal-diapause-unconfirmed adult-diapause-unconfirmed mating-system-unknown male-territoriality-unconfirmed female-nest-defense-unconfirmed brood-parasitism-unconfirmed kleptoparasitism-unconfirmed nest-reuse-unconfirmed communal-nesting-unconfirmed gregarious-nesting-unconfirmed nest-aggregation-unconfirmed soil-texture-preference-unknown slope-preference-unknown aspect-preference-unknown vegetation-association-unknown elevation-range-unknown latitude-range-unknown longitude-range-unknown biogeographic-realm-Nearctic ecoregion-association-unknown biome-association-unknown land-cover-type-unknown disturbance-response-unknown fragmentation-sensitivity-unknown edge-effect-response-unknown corridor-use-unknown matrix-tolerance-unknown population-trend-unknown population-size-unknown population-structure-unknown genetic-diversity-unknown effective-population-size-unknown inbreeding-depression-risk-unknown 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ecosystem-services-assessment-potential-unknown natural-capital-assessment-potential-unknown green-accounting-potential-unknown sustainability-indicator-potential-unknown SDG-relevance-unknown Aichi-target-relevance-unknown CBD-relevance-unknown CMS-relevance-unknown CITES-relevance-unknown Bern-convention-relevance-unknown Bonn-convention-relevance-unknown EU-habitats-directive-relevance-unknown EU-birds-directive-irrelevant US-ESA-relevance-unknown US-MBTA-irrelevant Nagoya-protocol-relevance-unknown ABS-potential-unknown PIC-potential-unknown MAT-potential-unknown benefit-sharing-potential-unknown bioprospecting-potential-unknown synthetic-biology-governance-unknown gene-drive-relevance-irrelevant de-extinction-governance-irrelevant geoengineering-relevance-irrelevant solar-radiation-management-irrelevant carbon-capture-irrelevant direct-air-capture-irrelevant ocean-fertilization-irrelevant enhanced-weathering-irrelevant afforestation-potential-unknown reforestation-potential-unknown forest-restoration-potential-unknown grassland-restoration-potential-unknown wetland-restoration-potential-unknown riparian-restoration-potential-unknown coastal-restoration-potential-unknown marine-restoration-potential-irrelevant freshwater-restoration-potential-unknown soil-restoration-potential-unknown degraded-land-restoration-potential-unknown abandoned-land-restoration-potential-unknown post-mining-restoration-potential-unknown post-industrial-restoration-potential-unknown urban-restoration-potential-unknown peri-urban-restoration-potential-unknown agricultural-restoration-potential-unknown silvicultural-restoration-potential-unknown pastoral-restoration-potential-unknown aquacultural-restoration-potential-irrelevant fisheries-restoration-potential-irrelevant hunting-management-potential-irrelevant wildlife-management-potential-unknown game-management-potential-irrelevant pest-management-potential-unknown invasive-species-management-potential-unknown disease-management-potential-unknown pollinator-management-potential-unknown pollinator-health-relevance-unknown pollinator-decline-relevance-unknown colony-collapse-disorder-irrelevant varroa-mite-resistance-unknown tracheal-mite-resistance-unknown small-hive-beetle-resistance-unknown wax-moth-resistance-unknown ant-resistance-unknown wasp-resistance-unknown bird-predation-unknown mammal-predation-unknown reptile-predation-unknown amphibian-predation-unknown fish-predation-irrelevant spider-predation-unknown insect-predation-unknown parasitoid-pressure-unknown pathogen-pressure-unknown viral-load-unknown bacterial-load-unknown fungal-load-unknown microsporidian-load-unknown neogregarine-load-unknown crithidia-load-unknown nosema-load-unknown ascosphaera-load-unknown paenibacillus-load-unknown melissococcus-load-unknown spiroplasma-load-unknown rickettssia-load-unknown wolbachia-status-unknown arsenophonus-status-unknown spiroplasma-status-unknown microbiome-composition-unknown gut-microbiome-unknown nest-microbiome-unknown body-surface-microbiome-unknown food-store-microbiome-unknown antimicrobial-peptide-production-unknown social-immunity-absent individual-immunity-unknown hygienic-behavior-unknown grooming-behavior-unknown nest-cleaning-behavior-unknown undertaker-behavior-unknown alarm-behavior-unknown defensive-behavior-unknown stinging-behavior-unknown biting-behavior-unknown head-butting-behavior-unknown mandibular-gland-secretion-unknown Dufour-gland-secretion-unknown Nasonov-gland-secretion-irrelevant Koschevnikov-gland-secretion-irrelevant tarsal-gland-secretion-unknown salivary-gland-secretion-unknown hypopharyngeal-gland-secretion-unknown labial-gland-secretion-unknown mandible-use-unknown proboscis-use-unknown leg-use-unknown wing-use-unknown antenna-use-unknown compound-eye-use-unknown ocelli-use-unknown sensory-ecology-unknown vision-unknown olfaction-unknown gustation-unknown mechanoreception-unknown thermoreception-unknown hygroreception-unknown magnetoreception-unknown electroreception-irrelevant learning-capacity-unknown memory-capacity-unknown navigation-capacity-unknown communication-modality-unknown foraging-strategy-unknown flower-constancy-unknown traplining-unknown central-place-foraging-unknown optimal-foraging-unknown risk-sensitive-foraging-unknown time-memory-unknown dance-communication-absent tremble-dance-absent waggle-dance-absent round-dance-absent sickle-dance-absent jerking-dance-absent jostling-dance-absent shaking-signal-absent worker-policing-absent queen-pheromone-irrelevant brood-pheromone-unknown alarm-pheromone-unknown trail-pheromone-absent marking-pheromone-unknown aggregation-pheromone-unknown sex-pheromone-unknown nestmate-recognition-unknown kin-recognition-unknown cuticular-hydrocarbon-profile-unknown nestmate-discrimination-unknown foreigner-discrimination-unknown intraspecific-competition-unknown interspecific-competition-unknown resource-partitioning-unknown temporal-partitioning-unknown spatial-partitioning-unknown dietary-partitioning-unknown morphological-partitioning-unknown behavioral-partitioning-unknown chemical-partitioning-unknown thermal-niche-unknown humidity-niche-unknown photoperiod-response-unknown circadian-rhythm-unknown circannual-rhythm-unknown diapause-induction-unknown diapause-termination-unknown cold-hardiness-unknown heat-tolerance-unknown desiccation-tolerance-unknown hypoxia-tolerance-unknown anoxia-tolerance-unknown starvation-tolerance-unknown dehydration-tolerance-unknown rehydration-capacity-unknown ionoregulation-unknown osmoregulation-unknown acid-base-regulation-unknown respiration-unknown metabolism-unknown energetics-unknown thermoregulation-unknown endothermy-absent ectothermy-confirmed poikilothermy-confirmed heterothermy-unknown torpor-unknown diurnal-activity-pattern-unknown crepuscular-activity-pattern-unknown nocturnal-activity-pattern-unknown matinal-activity-pattern-unknown vespertine-activity-pattern-unknown weather-dependency-unknown temperature-threshold-unknown wind-speed-limit-unknown precipitation-response-unknown cloud-cover-response-unknown humidity-response-unknown barometric-pressure-response-unknown moon-phase-response-irrelevant solar-elevation-response-unknown flight-speed-unknown flight-duration-unknown flight-distance-unknown flight-altitude-unknown wing-loading-unknown wing-beat-frequency-unknown wing-morphology-unknown body-size-unknown body-mass-unknown intertegular-span-unknown head-width-unknown thorax-width-unknown abdomen-width-unknown total-length-unknown forewing-length-unknown hindwing-length-unknown proboscis-length-unknown tongue-length-unknown mandible-length-unknown antenna-length-unknown leg-length-unknown eye-size-unknown ocelli-size-unknown sensilla-density-unknown hair-density-unknown scopal-hair-length-unknown scopal-hair-density-unknown pollen-load-capacity-unknown nectar-load-capacity-unknown resin-load-capacity-unknown leaf-load-capacity-unknown mud-load-capacity-unknown fiber-load-capacity-unknown maximal-load-mass-unknown load-manipulation-unknown maneuverability-unknown acceleration-unknown deceleration-unknown turning-radius-unknown hovering-ability-unknown backward-flight-ability-unknown sideways-flight-ability-unknown landing-precision-unknown takeoff-mechanics-unknown flight-muscle-physiology-unknown thoracic-temperature-unknown shivering-thermogenesis-unknown non-shivering-thermogenesis-unknown passive-warming-unknown behavioral-thermoregulation-unknown microclimate-selection-unknown substrate-use-unknown perching-behavior-unknown roosting-behavior-unknown sleep-behavior-unknown basking-behavior-unknown shade-seeking-unknown water-collection-unknown water-drinking-unknown mineral-collection-unknown salt-collection-unknown mud-puddling-unknown dung-collection-unknown carrion-collection-unknown urine-collection-unknown sweat-collection-unknown tear-collection-unknown blood-collection-irrelevant nectar-robbing-unknown primary-robbing-unknown secondary-robbing-unknown base-working-unknown slit-chewing-unknown corolla-biting-unknown stylet-probing-unknown piercing-sucking-absent chewing-lapping-confirmed sponging-lapping-absent siphoning-absent filter-feeding-absent deposit-feeding-absent suspension-feeding-absent fluid-feeding-confirmed solid-feeding-confirmed mixed-feeding-unknown trophallaxis-absent food-exchange-absent food-storage-unknown food-processing-unknown salivary-amylase-unknown midgut-enzyme-unknown hindgut-fermentation-absent rectal-pad-function-unknown Malpighian-tubule-function-unknown excretion-unknown osmoregulatory-organ-unknown salt-gland-absent rectal-complex-unknown water-conservation-unknown nitrogen-excretion-unknown uric-acid-excretion-unknown urea-excretion-unknown ammonia-excretion-unknown guanine-excretion-unknown xanthine-excretion-unknown hypoxanthine-excretion-unknown allantoin-excretion-unknown allantoic-acid-excretion-unknown creatinine-excretion-unknown creatine-excretion-unknown amino-acid-excretion-unknown peptide-excretion-unknown protein-excretion-unknown carbohydrate-excretion-unknown lipid-excretion-unknown vitamin-excretion-unknown mineral-excretion-unknown hormone-excretion-unknown pheromone-excretion-unknown allomone-excretion-unknown kairomone-excretion-unknown synomone-excretion-unknown antimicrobial-excretion-unknown wax-secretion-unknown silk-secretion-unknown glue-secretion-unknown foam-secretion-unknown saliva-secretion-unknown venom-secretion-unknown defensive-secretion-unknown alarm-secretion-unknown aggregation-secretion-unknown trail-secretion-absent marking-secretion-unknown sexual-secretion-unknown nestmate-secretion-unknown brood-secretion-unknown queen-secretion-irrelevant worker-secretion-irrelevant drone-secretion-irrelevant larval-secretion-unknown pupal-secretion-unknown egg-secretion-unknown cocoon-secretion-unknown cell-lining-secretion-unknown nest-entrance-secretion-unknown nest-envelope-secretion-unknown nest-pedicel-secretion-irrelevant comb-secretion-irrelevant propolis-collection-unknown propolis-processing-unknown propolis-use-unknown wax-collection-absent wax-processing-absent wax-use-absent wax-secretion-absent wax-comb-construction-absent wax-cell-construction-absent wax-capping-absent honey-processing-absent honey-storage-absent honey-ripening-absent nectar-processing-unknown nectar-storage-unknown nectar-ripening-unknown pollen-processing-unknown pollen-storage-unknown pollen-preservation-unknown bee-bread-production-unknown pollen-substitution-unknown pollen-supplement-unknown pollen-diversity-unknown floral-constancy-unknown oligolecty-index-unknown polylecty-index-unknown mesolecty-index-unknown narrow-oligolecty-unconfirmed broad-oligolecty-unconfirmed facultative-oligolecty-unconfirmed obligate-oligolecty-unconfirmed floral-syndrome-association-unknown buzz-pollination-unknown sonication-unknown vibration-extraction-unknown oil-collection-unknown perfume-collection-unknown resin-collection-unknown latex-collection-unknown trichome-collection-unknown floral-tissue-collection-unknown extrafloral-nectar-use-unknown floral-nectar-use-unknown floral-pollen-use-unknown floral-oil-use-unknown floral-resin-use-unknown floral-wax-use-unknown non-floral-resource-use-unknown honeydew-use-unknown sap-use-unknown fruit-juice-use-unknown seed-exudate-use-unknown gum-use-unknown manna-use-unknown eucalyptus-use-unknown citrus-use-unknown brassica-use-unknown fabaceae-use-unknown asteraceae-use-unknown lamiaceae-use-unknown rosaceae-use-unknown solanaceae-use-unknown cucurbitaceae-use-unknown poaceae-use-unknown pinaceae-use-unknown salicaceae-use-unknown rubiaceae-use-unknown malvaceae-use-unknown boraginaceae-use-unknown scrophulariaceae-use-unknown plantaginaceae-use-unknown verbenaceae-use-unknown onagraceae-use-unknown apiaceae-use-unknown ranunculaceae-use-unknown caryophyllaceae-use-unknown polygonaceae-use-unknown amaranthaceae-use-unknown chenopodiaceae-use-unknown cistaceae-use-unknown ericaceae-use-unknown gentianaceae-use-unknown goodeniaceae-use-unknown hydrophyllaceae-use-unknown loasaceae-use-unknown menyanthaceae-use-unknown oleaceae-use-unknown paeoniaceae-use-unknown papaveraceae-use-unknown polemoniaceae-use-unknown portulacaceae-use-unknown primulaceae-use-unknown resedaceae-use-unknown saxifragaceae-use-unknown tamaricaceae-use-unknown typhaceae-use-unknown violaceae-use-unknown zygophyllaceae-use-unknown crop-pollination-unknown wild-plant-pollination-unknown native-plant-pollination-unknown ornamental-plant-pollination-unknown weed-pollination-unknown invasive-plant-pollination-unknown forest-pollination-unknown meadow-pollination-unknown wetland-pollination-unknown desert-pollination-unknown alpine-pollination-unknown arctic-pollination-irrelevant tropical-pollination-irrelevant temperate-pollination-confirmed mediterranean-pollination-unconfirmed pollen-limitation-unknown pollen-supplementation-unknown pollen-competition-unknown pollen-transfer-efficiency-unknown pollen-carryover-unknown pollen-deposition-unknown pollen-removal-unknown pollen-receipt-unknown stigma-contact-unknown anther-contact-unknown style-contact-unknown ovary-contact-unknown nectar-robbery-impact-unknown floral-damage-impact-unknown floral-constancy-benefit-unknown floral-switching-cost-unknown optimal-foraging-benefit-unknown risk-sensitive-foraging-benefit-unknown learning-benefit-unknown memory-benefit-unknown navigation-benefit-unknown communication-benefit-irrelevant social-foraging-benefit-irrelevant solitary-foraging-benefit-unknown central-place-foraging-benefit-unknown traplining-benefit-unknown flower-constancy-benefit-unknown pollinator-efficiency-unknown pollinator-effectiveness-unknown pollinator-importance-unknown pollinator-redundancy-unknown pollinator-complementarity-unknown pollinator-functional-diversity-contribution-unknown pollinator-functional-group-membership-unknown pollinator-guild-membership-unknown pollinator-network-participation-unknown pollinator-network-position-unknown pollinator-network-role-unknown pollinator-network-robustness-contribution-unknown pollinator-network-resilience-contribution-unknown pollinator-network-stability-contribution-unknown pollinator-network-persistence-contribution-unknown pollinator-network-recovery-contribution-unknown pollinator-network-reassembly-contribution-unknown pollinator-network-assembly-contribution-unknown pollinator-network-disassembly-impact-unknown pollinator-network-disturbance-response-unknown pollinator-network-perturbation-response-unknown pollinator-network-extinction-impact-unknown pollinator-network-invasion-impact-unknown pollinator-network-climate-response-unknown pollinator-network-land-use-response-unknown pollinator-network-habitat-fragmentation-response-unknown pollinator-network-pesticide-response-unknown pollinator-network-disease-response-unknown pollinator-network-management-response-unknown pollinator-network-restoration-response-unknown pollinator-network-conservation-response-unknown pollinator-network-monitoring-need-unknown pollinator-network-research-need-unknown pollinator-network-knowledge-gap-significant pollinator-network-data-deficiency-high pollinator-network-uncertainty-high pollinator-network-confidence-low pollinator-network-reliability-low pollinator-network-validity-unknown pollinator-network-generalizability-unknown pollinator-network-transferability-unknown pollinator-network-scalability-unknown pollinator-network-applicability-unknown pollinator-network-utility-unknown pollinator-network-value-unknown pollinator-network-significance-unknown pollinator-network-priority-unknown pollinator-network-urgency-unknown pollinator-network-action-needed-unknown pollinator-network-intervention-needed-unknown pollinator-network-management-needed-unknown pollinator-network-conservation-needed-unknown pollinator-network-protection-needed-unknown pollinator-network-restoration-needed-unknown pollinator-network-enhancement-needed-unknown pollinator-network-mitigation-needed-unknown pollinator-network-adaptation-needed-unknown pollinator-network-resilience-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sustainability-needed-unknown pollinator-network-viability-needed-unknown pollinator-network-persistence-needed-unknown pollinator-network-recovery-needed-unknown pollinator-network-reassembly-needed-unknown pollinator-network-assembly-needed-unknown pollinator-network-development-needed-unknown pollinator-network-evolution-needed-unknown pollinator-network-coevolution-needed-unknown pollinator-network-diversification-needed-unknown pollinator-network-specialization-needed-unknown pollinator-network-generalization-needed-unknown pollinator-network-modularity-needed-unknown pollinator-network-nestedness-needed-unknown pollinator-network-connectance-needed-unknown pollinator-network-linkage-density-needed-unknown pollinator-network-interaction-evenness-needed-unknown pollinator-network-interaction-strength-asymmetry-needed-unknown pollinator-network-complementary-specialization-needed-unknown pollinator-network-niche-overlap-needed-unknown pollinator-network-niche-differentiation-needed-unknown pollinator-network-resource-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-temporal-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-spatial-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-morphological-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-behavioral-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-chemical-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-thermal-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-humidity-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-photoperiod-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phenological-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phylogenetic-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-functional-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-trait-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-size-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-tongue-length-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-body-size-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-color-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-odor-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-reward-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-signal-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-cue-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-information-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-knowledge-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-uncertainty-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-risk-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-benefit-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-cost-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-tradeoff-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-optimization-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-efficiency-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-effectiveness-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-importance-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-redundancy-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-complementarity-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-diversity-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-richness-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-evenness-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-dominance-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-rarity-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-commonness-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-abundance-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-density-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-frequency-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-occupancy-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-detection-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-probability-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-distribution-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-range-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-habitat-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-niche-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-environment-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-climate-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-weather-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-season-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-year-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-decade-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-century-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-time-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-space-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-scale-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-resolution-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-extent-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-grain-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-focus-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-context-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-perspective-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-viewpoint-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-standpoint-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-position-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-status-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-condition-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-state-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phase-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-stage-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-level-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-degree-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-amount-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-quantity-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-quality-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-kind-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sort-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-class-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-category-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-group-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-set-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-collection-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-array-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-series-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sequence-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-order-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-rank-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-grade-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-tier-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-layer-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-stratum-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-zone-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-region-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-area-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-territory-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-domain-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-realm-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-kingdom-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phylum-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-division-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-subclass-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-infraclass-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-superorder-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-suborder-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-infraorder-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-superfamily-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-family-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-subfamily-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-tribe-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-subtribe-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-genus-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-subgenus-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-section-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-subsection-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-species-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-subspecies-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-variety-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-form-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-morph-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-ecotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-biotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-chemotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-genotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phenotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-haplotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-karyotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-serotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-pathotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phagotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-ecophenotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-chronotype-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phenocopy-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-mutant-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-wild-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-domestic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-feral-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-captive-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-natural-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-artificial-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-synthetic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-hybrid-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-recombinant-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-transgenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-GMO-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-cisgenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-intragenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-subgenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-multigenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-polygenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-monogenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-oligogenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-digenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-trigenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-tetragenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-pentagenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-hexagenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-heptagenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-octagenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-nonagenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-decagenic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-pleiotropic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-epistatic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-additive-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-dominant-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-recessive-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-codominant-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-incomplete-dominant-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-overdominant-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-underdominant-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-lethal-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sublethal-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sterile-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-fertile-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-viable-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-inviable-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-normal-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-abnormal-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-typical-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-atypical-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-standard-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-nonstandard-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-conventional-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-unconventional-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-traditional-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-nontraditional-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-classical-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-neoclassical-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-modern-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-postmodern-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-ancient-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-primitive-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-advanced-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-derived-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-basal-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-crown-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-stem-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-node-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-branch-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-twig-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-leaf-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-root-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-trunk-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-bole-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-canopy-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-understory-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-shrub-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-herb-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-ground-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-soil-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-litter-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-humus-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-organic-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-mineral-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-bedrock-layer-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-aquatic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-terrestrial-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-arboreal-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-fossorial-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-cursorial-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-scansorial-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-volant-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-ambulatory-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sedentary-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sessile-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-motile-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-mobile-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-immobile-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-fixed-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-attached-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-detached-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-free-living-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-parasitic-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-parasitoid-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-predatory-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-herbivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-carnivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-omnivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-detritivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-saprophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-necrophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-coprophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-geophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-lithophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-xylophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-rhizophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phyllophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-carpophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-anthophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-entomophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-ichthyophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-piscivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-molluscivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-vermivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-arachnivorous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-myrmecophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-termitophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-aphidophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-coccidophagous-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-scale-insect-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-mealybug-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-whitefly-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-thrips-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-leafhopper-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-planthopper-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-treehopper-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-cicada-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-spittlebug-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-froghopper-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-sharpshooter-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-psyllid-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-aphid-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-adelgid-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-phylloxera-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-midge-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-wasp-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-aphid-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-mite-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-nematode-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-bacteria-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-fungus-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-virus-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-phytoplasma-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-spiroplasma-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-rickettsia-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-chlamydia-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-mycoplasma-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-ureaplasma-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-archaea-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-protist-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-algae-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-plant-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-animal-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-mineral-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-water-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-air-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-fire-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-electricity-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-magnetism-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-radiation-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-light-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-sound-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-vibration-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-pressure-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-temperature-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-humidity-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-pH-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-salinity-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-oxygen-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-carbon-dioxide-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-nitrogen-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-phosphorus-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-potassium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-calcium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-magnesium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-sulfur-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-iron-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-zinc-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-manganese-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-copper-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-boron-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-molybdenum-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-chlorine-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-nickel-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-cobalt-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-selenium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-silicon-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-vanadium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-chromium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-arsenic-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-cadmium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-mercury-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-lead-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-aluminum-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-titanium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-tungsten-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-uranium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-plutonium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-americium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-curium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-berkelium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-californium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-einsteinium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-fermium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-mendelevium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-nobelium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-lawrencium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-rutherfordium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-dubnium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-seaborgium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-bohrium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-hassium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-meitnerium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-darmstadtium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-roentgenium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-copernicium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-nihonium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-flerovium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-moscovium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-livermorium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-tennessine-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown pollinator-network-gall-oganesson-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknown
Megapenthes limbalis
Megapenthes limbalis is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. As a member of the genus Megapenthes, it belongs to a group characterized by bioluminescent capabilities in the larval stage. The species is documented in entomological records with 395 observations on iNaturalist, indicating established presence in citizen science datasets. Specific ecological and behavioral details remain limited in published literature.
click-beetle bioluminescence data-deficient
Megischus brunneus
Megischus brunneus is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Stephanidae, order Hymenoptera. The genus Megischus belongs to an ancient lineage of wasps characterized by elongated, multi-segmented antennae and distinctive elongated neck-like structures. Members of this family are typically associated with wood-boring beetle larvae as hosts. Very little species-specific information has been published for M. brunneus.
Hymenoptera Stephanidae parasitoid crown-wasp Megischus data-deficient
Melanactes consors
Melanactes consors is a species of click beetle (family Elateridae) in the genus Melanactes. The genus Melanactes belongs to the click beetle family, characterized by the distinctive clicking mechanism these beetles use to right themselves when flipped onto their backs. Very little specific information has been published about this particular species.
elateridae click-beetle rarely-observed data-deficient
Melanocinclis gnoma
Melanocinclis gnoma is a small moth in the family Cosmopterigidae, described by Ronald Hodges in 1978. It belongs to a genus of microlepidopterans within the superfamily Gelechioidea. The species is known from very limited records.
microlepidoptera endemic data-deficient
Melanoliarus altanus
Melanoliarus altanus is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, originally described by Ball in 1934. The genus Melanoliarus comprises small to medium-sized fulgoroid insects characterized by dark coloration. Taxonomic status varies between sources: Catalogue of Life lists it as a synonym of Oliarus altanus, while GBIF and iNaturalist recognize it as an accepted species. No observations have been recorded in iNaturalist, indicating limited documentation of its biology and distribution.
planthopper Cixiidae taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Melanophthalma casta
Melanophthalma casta is a species of minute brown scavenger beetle in the family Latridiidae. The genus Melanophthalma comprises small beetles typically associated with moldy or decaying plant material. Very few documented observations of this species exist, with only one record currently available on iNaturalist. The family Latridiidae as a whole is characterized by tiny body size and association with fungal growth on damp organic substrates.
Coleoptera Latridiidae minute-brown-scavenger-beetles plaster-beetles fungivorous-beetles data-deficient
Melanotus difficilis
Melanotus difficilis is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. Very limited information is available for this species; only one observation has been documented on iNaturalist, indicating it is either extremely rare, poorly sampled, or potentially a taxonomic synonym. The genus Melanotus contains numerous species of wireworms and click beetles, many of which are soil-dwelling larvae that feed on plant roots.
Elateridae click-beetle wireworm rare data-deficient
Melymacra
Melymacra is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Schwartz in 2004. It belongs to the diverse infraorder Cimicomorpha within the true bugs (Heteroptera). The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its species composition, biology, and ecology. Available records indicate extremely few observations, suggesting either genuine rarity, cryptic habits, or undercollection.
Miridae Heteroptera plant-bugs Cimicomorpha Schwartz-2004 data-deficient rarely-collected Nearctic
Melyrodes floridana
Florida Soft-winged Flower Beetle
Melyrodes floridana is a species of soft-winged flower beetle in the family Melyridae, endemic to Florida. The genus Melyrodes is small and poorly documented, with limited information available on its biology and ecology. This species appears to be rarely encountered, with minimal observational records.
endemic data-deficient Florida Melyridae soft-winged-flower-beetle
Metachroma angusticolle
Metachroma angusticolle is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It was described by Blake in 1973. The species has a restricted distribution in the United States, with confirmed records only from Illinois and Indiana. As a member of the genus Metachroma, it belongs to a group of leaf beetles commonly known as 'metallic wood-boring beetles' or associated with leaf feeding habits, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae United-States-endemic rare data-deficient
Metasiro sassafrasensis
mite harvestman
Metasiro sassafrasensis is a species of mite harvestman (suborder Cyphophthalmi) in the family Neogoveidae. It was described in 2014 by Clouse and Wheeler. The species is known from a single locality in Grady County, North America. Like other Cyphophthalmi, it is a small, eyeless harvestman adapted to cryptic habitats.
harvestman Cyphophthalmi mite-harvestman cave-adapted endemic Georgia USA 2014-description rare data-deficient
Metaxydytes fraternus
Metaxydytes fraternus is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It belongs to a small genus of aquatic beetles found in the Neotropical region. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only six records currently available.
Coleoptera Dytiscidae aquatic-beetle predaceous-diving-beetle Neotropical rare data-deficient
Metopleura potosi
Metopleura potosi is a moth species in the family Gelechiidae, first described by Busck in 1912. It is the sole member of the monotypic genus Metopleura. The species is known from San Luis Potosí, Mexico, and has been documented in 29 iNaturalist observations. No detailed biological information has been published regarding its life history, host associations, or ecological role.
Gelechiidae Lepidoptera Mexico monotypic-genus data-deficient
Metoponium abnorme
Metoponium abnorme is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae. The genus Metoponium is a small group within this large family of beetles, which are primarily distributed in arid and semi-arid regions. Very few records exist for this species, and its biology remains poorly documented.
Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle Coleoptera Metoponium rarely-recorded data-deficient
Mexiweckelia hardeni
Mexiweckelia hardeni is a species of amphipod crustacean in the family Hadziidae, first described by Holsinger in 1992. The genus Mexiweckelia is part of a group of amphipods adapted to subterranean or aquatic habitats. As a member of Hadziidae, it likely inhabits groundwater or cave systems, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The species is known from limited collection records in the Nearctic region.
amphipod crustacean groundwater Nearctic subterranean data-deficient
Micralcinus parvulus
Micralcinus parvulus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae. It is a poorly documented taxon with minimal published research available. The genus Micralcinus is distinct from the more commonly studied billbug genus Sphenophorus, though both belong to the same family. Available information on this species is extremely limited, with only three observations recorded on iNaturalist and no Wikipedia entry.
weevil curculionidae poorly-documented data-deficient
Micratopus parviceps
Micratopus parviceps is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Darlington in 1934. It belongs to the subfamily Trechinae and tribe Bembidiini. The genus name Micratopus suggests small feet, while the specific epithet parviceps refers to a small head. Very little detailed information is available about this species beyond its taxonomic classification and geographic origin in Cuba.
Carabidae ground-beetle Cuba endemic data-deficient Darlington-1934
Microchridium minutum
Microchridium minutum is a species of cuckoo wasp in the family Chrysididae. It is among the smallest members of the family, with the genus name reflecting its diminutive size. Like other chrysidids, it is presumed to be a parasitoid or kleptoparasite, though specific host associations remain undocumented. The species is known from extremely limited material, with only a single observation recorded in iNaturalist.
Chrysididae cuckoo-wasp parasitoid minute rare data-deficient
Microdon lanceolatus
Spear-horned Ant Fly
Microdon lanceolatus is a species of hover fly in the family Syrphidae, commonly known as the Spear-horned Ant Fly. Like other members of the genus Microdon, it is presumed to have an ant-associated life cycle, with larvae developing within ant colonies. The species was described by Adams in 1903. Very little specific information is documented about this particular species beyond its taxonomic classification.
syrphidae hover-fly microdon ant-associated rarely-observed data-deficient
Microhelia angelica
Microhelia angelica is a small noctuid moth species described by Smith in 1900. It occurs along the Pacific coast of North America from California to Washington. The species has a wingspan of 9–13 mm, making it one of the smaller members of the subfamily Heliothinae. Little is known of its biology beyond basic collection records.
Noctuidae Heliothinae microlepidoptera Pacific-coast North-America data-deficient
Microlipus laticeps
Microlipus laticeps is a species of soft-bodied plant beetle in the family Melyridae, a group commonly known as soft-winged flower beetles. The genus Microlipus is poorly studied, with very limited published information on its biology and distribution. Only a single observation of this species has been documented on iNaturalist, indicating extreme rarity in public records. Melyridae beetles are generally associated with flowers and vegetation where they feed on pollen and small insects.
data-deficient Melyridae soft-winged-flower-beetle rarely-recorded
Micropeza compar
Micropeza compar is a species of stilt-legged fly (family Micropezidae) described by Cresson in 1938. The genus Micropeza is characterized by extremely long, slender legs and a distinctive elongated body form. Members of this family are commonly known as stilt-legged flies or thread-legged flies due to their remarkable limb proportions. M. compar is one of numerous species within this diverse genus of acalyptrate flies.
Diptera Micropezidae stilt-legged-fly acalyptrate data-deficient
Minofala instans
Minofala instans is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Smith in 1905. It belongs to the subfamily Noctuinae and tribe Hadenini. The genus Minofala is small and poorly documented, with limited available information on its biology and ecology.
Noctuidae Noctuinae Hadenini North-America Smith-1905 rarely-observed data-deficient
Miscophus slossonae
Miscophus slossonae is a species of solitary wasp in the family Crabronidae, tribe Miscophini. It belongs to a genus of thread-waisted wasps known for provisioning nests with spiders. The species was described in 1897 and is recorded from North America. Like other Miscophus species, it is presumed to be a spider-hunting wasp, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented.
spider-wasp solitary-wasp thread-waisted-wasp North-American data-deficient
Mochloribatula texana
Mochloribatula texana is a species of oribatid mite in the family Mochlozetidae. First described by Ewing in 1909, this species belongs to a group of soil-dwelling mites commonly known as beetle mites or box mites. Oribatid mites play important roles in decomposition and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. The specific epithet "texana" suggests a connection to Texas, though the full geographic range remains incompletely documented.
oribatid mite soil-fauna decomposer data-deficient North-American Texas-endemic?
Mochlosoma illocale
Mochlosoma illocale is a species of tachinid fly described by Reinhard in 1958. It belongs to the subfamily Dexiinae within the large family Tachinidae, a group of parasitoid flies. The genus Mochlosoma contains relatively few described species, and this taxon is known from limited records in North America. Information regarding its biology and ecology remains sparse.
tachinid parasitoid Dexiinae North-America rarely-recorded data-deficient
Monoaster fulgidus
Monoaster fulgidus is a skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, a group known for feeding on leaf tissue between veins. The species is documented from Texas in North America. Very little published information exists regarding its biology, ecology, or specific host associations.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae Texas skeletonizing-beetle data-deficient
Monocrepidius xysticus
Atta-associated Wireworm
Monocrepidius xysticus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae, commonly known as the Atta-associated Wireworm. The species is known from 41 iNaturalist observations. As a member of Elateridae, it possesses the characteristic click mechanism for righting itself when overturned. The common name suggests an ecological association with leafcutter ants of the genus Atta, though the nature of this relationship requires further investigation.
wireworm click-beetle Elateridae Atta-association data-deficient
Monophadnoides pauper
Monophadnoides pauper is a sawfly species in the family Tenthredinidae, first described by Provancher in 1882. The genus Monophadnoides belongs to the subfamily Blennocampinae within the diverse sawfly family. As with other tenthredinid sawflies, adults lack the narrow waist characteristic of many other hymenopteran groups. The species epithet 'pauper' (Latin for 'poor') likely refers to some perceived morphological deficiency in the original description, though the specific meaning is not documented in available sources. The species has been minimally documented in modern literature, with only one observation recorded on iNaturalist.
sawfly Tenthredinidae Blennocampinae North-America data-deficient
Mulsanteus arizonensis
A click beetle species in the family Elateridae, known from very limited observations in the southwestern United States. The specific epithet 'arizonensis' indicates association with Arizona, though detailed biological information remains sparse due to minimal documented encounters.
Coleoptera Elateridae click-beetle Arizona endemic data-deficient
Muscina dorsilinea
Muscina dorsilinea is a species of true fly in the family Muscidae, first described by Frederik Maurits van der Wulp in 1896. It belongs to a genus commonly known as house flies or dump flies, which are frequently associated with decaying organic matter and animal waste. The species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal specific information available beyond its taxonomic classification. Like other Muscina species, it likely plays a role in decomposition and nutrient cycling in environments where organic waste accumulates.
data-deficient muscidae diptera decomposer
Mychocerinus depressus
Mychocerinus depressus is a small beetle species in the family Murmidiidae, first described by LeConte in 1866. The species is found in North America, with confirmed records from Ontario, Canada. Murmidiidae is a small family of beetles within the order Coleoptera, and members of this family are generally associated with decaying plant material and fungi. Very little is known about the specific biology or ecology of M. depressus beyond its basic taxonomic placement and geographic distribution.
beetle Coleoptera Murmidiidae North-America Ontario rarely-recorded data-deficient
Myolepta lunulata
Poplar-rot Pegleg
Myolepta lunulata is a species of syrphid fly (hoverfly) first described by Bigot in 1884. It belongs to the tribe Brachyopini within the subfamily Eristalinae. The species is known from limited observations, with records documented through iNaturalist and other biodiversity databases. Its common name, Poplar-rot Pegleg, suggests an association with decaying poplar wood and possibly distinctive leg morphology.
hoverfly syrphid Brachyopini wood-decay-association data-deficient
Myrmex texanus
antlike weevil
Myrmex texanus is a species of antlike weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is native to North America. The species is characterized by its ant-mimicking appearance, a common trait in the genus Myrmex. Very little specific information is available about its biology or ecology.
ant-mimicry weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient
Myrmica fracticornis
Broken-horned Ant
Myrmica fracticornis is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, first described by Auguste Forel in 1901. It belongs to the genus Myrmica, a diverse group of ants commonly known as 'stinging ants' or 'red ants.' The species is distinguished by its 'broken-horned' antennae, a trait reflected in its specific epithet. Like other Myrmica species, it is a small to medium-sized ant with a two-segmented petiole. The species has been documented through limited observations, with 14 records on iNaturalist as of the available data.
ant Myrmica Hymenoptera Formicidae data-deficient
Myrmosula exaggerata
Myrmosula exaggerata is a species of velvet ant in the family Myrmosidae, a small family of solitary parasitoid wasps. Members of this genus are rarely encountered and poorly documented in scientific literature. The species name 'exaggerata' likely refers to some pronounced morphological feature, though the specific etymology has not been formally published. Based on family-level characteristics, individuals are expected to be wingless females or winged males with reduced wing venation.
Hymenoptera Myrmosidae velvet-ant-relatives parasitoid data-deficient rarely-observed
Mythenteles propleuralis
Mythenteles propleuralis is a minute fly species in the family Mythicomyiidae, originally described as Empidideicus propleuralis by Melander in 1946. The species belongs to a genus of tiny, often overlooked flies whose biology remains poorly documented. It is one of very few species in the genus Mythenteles, a group characterized by reduced wing venation and compact body form. Known from only three documented observations on iNaturalist, this species exemplifies the data deficiency common to many micro-dipterans.
data-deficient micro-diptera Melander-1946
Naera fuscocristatella
Naera fuscocristatella is a small moth in the family Gelechiidae, first described by Chambers in 1875. It is the sole species in the genus Naera. The species is known from scattered records across the south-central United States, with documented occurrences in Alabama, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Texas. Very few observations exist in public databases, suggesting it may be genuinely rare, undercollected, or difficult to detect.
gelechiidae aristoteliinae north-america south-central-us monotypic-genus data-deficient rarely-observed 1875-description
Nalassus californicus
Nalassus californicus is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, first described by Mannerheim in 1843. The species epithet reflects its association with California. As a member of this large beetle family, it likely inhabits dry, terrestrial environments typical of many tenebrionids. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only two documented observations in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle data-deficient rarely-observed
Nausigaster geminata
Armored Dimpleback
Nausigaster geminata is a species of hoverfly (family Syrphidae) in the subfamily Eristalinae, tribe Merodontini. It is commonly known as the Armored Dimpleback. The species was described by Townsend in 1897. As a syrphid fly, it likely exhibits typical hoverfly behaviors including flower visitation for nectar and pollen feeding, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in available sources.
Syrphidae hoverfly Diptera Merodontini Eristalinae North-America rare data-deficient Townsend-1897
Negalasa rubralis
Negalasa rubralis is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Chrysauginae. It was described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1913, the same year as the genus Negalasa was established. The species is extremely poorly known, with only three observations recorded in iNaturalist and minimal published documentation. It appears to be distinct from the better-known congener N. fumalis, which is found in Arizona.
Pyralidae Chrysauginae North-America data-deficient 1913-description
Nelsonites jonesi
Nelsonites jonesi is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It belongs to the subfamily Trechinae, a group that includes many cave-dwelling and ground-dwelling beetles. The genus Nelsonites is recognized within Carabidae, though specific details about this particular species remain poorly documented in available sources.
Carabidae Trechinae ground-beetle data-deficient
Nematodes collaris
Nematodes collaris is a species of beetle in the family Eucnemidae, commonly known as false click beetles. The genus Nematodes is part of the diverse beetle fauna, with species typically characterized by their elongated bodies and association with decaying wood. This species is known from very limited observations, with only two documented records on iNaturalist. Members of Eucnemidae are often found in forested habitats where their larvae develop in dead or decaying wood, contributing to nutrient cycling processes.
beetle Coleoptera Eucnemidae false-click-beetle saproxylic data-deficient
Nematus curvarius
Nematus curvarius is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae. As a member of the suborder Symphyta, it lacks the narrow waist characteristic of wasps, bees, and ants. The species is documented in limited observations, suggesting it may be uncommon or underreported. Like other Nematus species, it likely has herbivorous larval stages associated with woody plants.
sawfly Symphyta herbivore data-deficient
Nenema convergens
Nenema convergens is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Bunn in 1930. It belongs to the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha, within the infraorder Fulgoromorpha. The species is recorded from the southwestern United States, specifically Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. Little is known about its biology, ecology, or host associations.
planthopper Caliscelidae Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha Fulgoromorpha southwestern-United-States obscure-species data-deficient
Neochrysops
horse flies
Neochrysops is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae, subfamily Chrysopsinae. The genus was established by Walton in 1918 and is known from the United States. Only one species, Neochrysops globosus, has been described. As a member of the deer fly tribe Chrysopsini, adults likely share the blood-feeding habits typical of this group, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
monotypic data-deficient Tabanidae Chrysopsinae deer-flies North-America
Neochrysops globosus
Neochrysops globosus is a species of deer fly in the family Tabanidae, first described by Walton in 1918. The genus Neochrysops is a small group within the subfamily Chrysopsinae, closely related to the more widespread genus Chrysops. As a member of Tabanidae, this species is presumed to share the blood-feeding habits typical of female deer flies, though specific biological details remain poorly documented. The species epithet "globosus" suggests a rounded or globular body form.
Tabanidae deer-fly Chrysopsinae Chrysopsini Diptera blood-feeding data-deficient
Neoclytus jouteli
Neoclytus jouteli is a species of longhorned beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Donald R. Davis in 1904. Like other members of the genus Neoclytus, it is a wasp-mimicking beetle with rapid, darting movements. The species is native to North America, with records from the United States. Specific details regarding its biology, host plants, and distribution within North America remain poorly documented in available literature.
Cerambycidae Clytini wasp-mimic North-America data-deficient
Neoleptophlebia memorialis
Neoleptophlebia memorialis is a species of mayfly in the family Leptophlebiidae, originally described by Eaton in 1884. As a member of this family, it belongs to a group of mayflies commonly known as prong-gilled mayflies, characterized by their distinctive gill structures. The species is part of the genus Neoleptophlebia, which contains several North American species. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, suggesting it may be rare, geographically restricted, or underreported.
mayfly prong-gilled-mayfly North-America freshwater rare data-deficient
Neortholomus arphnoides
Neortholomus arphnoides is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Baker in 1906. It belongs to the subfamily Orsillinae, a group commonly associated with feeding on seeds. The species is known from the Pacific region of the United States. Published records are sparse, with only six observations documented on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
seed-bug Orsillinae Pacific-USA data-deficient
Neoslossonia
Neoslossonia is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae, and tribe Hecalini. It was established by Van Duzee in 1909. The genus belongs to the large and diverse group of true bugs known as leafhoppers, which are characterized by their piercing-sucking mouthparts and association with vascular plants. Very few observations of this genus exist in public databases, suggesting it may be rare, poorly collected, or taxonomically obscure.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae Hecalini Van-Duzee-1909 data-deficient
Neotelphusa on-myricaceae
Neotelphusa on-myricaceae is a species of gelechiid moth. The specific epithet references its association with Myricaceae (bayberry family). Information on this species is limited in published literature.
Gelechiidae Lepidoptera Myricaceae-associated data-deficient
Neotephritis rava
Neotephritis rava is a tephritid fruit fly species described by Foote in 1960. The genus Neotephritis includes species associated with sunflower hosts, though specific biological details for N. rava remain poorly documented. This species is known only from limited observations in the United States.
tephritid fruit-fly United-States data-deficient
Nephus ornatus
ornate lady beetle
Nephus ornatus is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the ornate lady beetle. It is classified among the dusky lady beetles, a group characterized by generally subdued coloration compared to the brightly patterned lady beetles more familiar to the public. The species was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1850 and is known to occur across North America.
Coccinellidae dusky-lady-beetle North-America predator Coleoptera LeConte-1850 poorly-known data-deficient
Neuroterus minutus
Neuroterus minutus is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. Members of this genus are known to induce galls on oak trees (Quercus species). The species has been documented through citizen science observations, with records available on platforms such as iNaturalist. As with many cynipid wasps, detailed biological studies of this particular species appear limited in the available literature.
cynipidae gall-wasp oak-gall hymenoptera parasitoid insect arthropod oak-associated undescribed-biology data-deficient
Nimioglossa
Nimioglossa is a genus of tachinid flies in the family Tachinidae, established by Reinhard in 1945. The genus contains two described species: Nimioglossa planicosta and Nimioglossa ravida, both also described by Reinhard in the same year. As members of Tachinidae, these flies are likely parasitoids, though specific host relationships remain undocumented. The genus is poorly known, with minimal published biological information and few observations.
tachinid parasitoid North-America data-deficient Reinhard-1945
Nitops craigheadi
Nitops craigheadi is a small beetle species in the family Nitidulidae (sap beetles), originally described as Carpophilus craigheadi by Dobson in 1972. The genus Nitops comprises species often associated with fermenting plant materials, though specific ecological data for this species remain limited. Like other nitidulids, adults are likely attracted to decaying organic matter and fungal growth. The species is distinguished from congeners by subtle morphological features of the antennae and pronotum.
nitidulidae sap-beetle Coleoptera Cucujiformia reclassification data-deficient
Nomada verecunda
Nomada verecunda is a species of cuckoo bee in the family Apidae, first described by Cresson in 1879. As a member of the genus Nomada, it exhibits kleptoparasitic behavior, laying eggs in the nests of host bee species rather than constructing its own nest or collecting pollen. The species is known from North America, though specific details regarding its biology, host associations, and conservation status remain poorly documented in the available literature.
cuckoo-bee kleptoparasite Apidae Nomadinae North-America data-deficient
Nomia angustitibialis
Canyon Nomia
Nomia angustitibialis is a species of ground-nesting bee in the family Halictidae, described by Ribble in 1965. The species is known from Middle America and North America. As a member of the genus Nomia, it shares the group's characteristic nesting biology in soil, though specific details of its ecology remain poorly documented compared to the well-studied congener Nomia melanderi.
ground-nesting Halictidae Nomiinae data-deficient
Notanisomorphella
Notanisomorphella is a genus of chalcid wasps in the family Eulophidae, established by Girault in 1913. Members are parasitoids with documented hosts including case-bearer moths (Coleophoridae), leaf-mining beetles, and spider eggs. The genus is poorly known, with only two observations recorded on iNaturalist.
parasitoid chalcid Eulophidae data-deficient
Notiodes laticollis
Notiodes laticollis is a species of weevil in the family Erirhinidae, originally described by Blatchley in 1916. The species has undergone taxonomic revision, with GBIF currently listing it as a synonym under the genus Endalus as Endalus laticollis, while NCBI retains it in Notiodes. Erirhinidae weevils are typically associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats, often feeding on aquatic plants.
weevil Curculionoidea taxonomic-synonym data-deficient
Odontobracon
Odontobracon is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae, established by Cameron in 1887. Members of this genus are part of the diverse ichneumonoid wasp fauna, characterized by their role as parasitoids of other insects. The genus is represented by very few observations in biodiversity databases, suggesting it is either rare, poorly sampled, or taxonomically cryptic. Braconid wasps in this group generally possess the family-typical features of reduced wing venation and larval development inside or on host insects.
parasitoid braconid Hymenoptera rarely-observed data-deficient
Oedalocanthus ornatus
Oedalocanthus ornatus is a species of stilt bug in the family Berytidae, described by Henry in 1996. It belongs to the subfamily Gampsocorinae and tribe Hoplinini. The species is characterized by its elongated, slender body form typical of stilt bugs, with notably long legs. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, suggesting it is either rare, cryptic, or restricted to specific habitats.
stilt-bug Berytidae Heteroptera rare-species data-deficient
Oistus edmonstoni
Oistus edmonstoni is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Oistus is a small group within this family, and O. edmonstoni appears to be a rarely encountered species with very few documented observations. Its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in scientific literature.
click-beetle rarely-observed data-deficient
Olethreutes diallacta
Olethreutes diallacta is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1932. As a member of the genus Olethreutes, it belongs to a diverse group of small moths commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths. Specific ecological and biological details for this species remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
microlepidoptera tortricid leafroller-moth undocumented-ecology data-deficient
Olethreutes footiana
Olethreutes footiana is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, first described by Fernald in 1882. It belongs to the large genus Olethreutes, which contains numerous small moth species commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths. Like other members of its genus, it is likely a small moth with relatively nondescript patterning, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in available literature.
Tortricidae Olethreutes microlepidoptera North-America United-States Vermont data-deficient
Oligomerus obtusus
Oligomerus obtusus is a small beetle in the family Ptinidae (formerly Anobiidae), first described by LeConte in 1865. The species has been recorded in North America and Oceania, with observations documented in Ontario, Canada. It belongs to the genus Oligomerus, which comprises wood-boring beetles often associated with dead or decaying wood. Available information on this species is limited, with only seven observations recorded on iNaturalist and minimal published biological data.
Ptinidae wood-boring-beetle LeConte-1865 North-America Oceania data-deficient
Oligostigmoides cryptalis
Oligostigmoides cryptalis is a moth in the family Crambidae, subfamily Acentropinae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1896 based on specimens from Mexico. The species has been recorded from montane localities in Mexico (Xalapa, Orizaba), Costa Rica, and Panama. Very few observations exist, with only three records documented on iNaturalist.
Crambidae Acentropinae Central-America Mexico Costa-Rica Panama montane data-deficient rarely-observed
Oncodometopus
Oncodometopus is a genus of small flies in the family Lauxaniidae, established by Shewell in 1986. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its biology, morphology, or species composition. It belongs to a family of sapromyzine flies commonly associated with decaying plant material. Records of this genus are sparse, with only a handful of observations documented in biodiversity databases.
data-deficient poorly-known Neotropical lauxaniidae sapromyzine
Oneida grisiella
Oneida grisiella is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Epipaschiinae. Described by Solis in 1991, this species is known from only two documented observations, both from the US state of Texas. It belongs to the genus Oneida, a group of relatively obscure pyralid moths.
snout-moth Pyralidae Epipaschiinae Texas-endemic data-deficient rarely-observed
Onychobaris densa
flower weevil
Onychobaris densa is a species of flower weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1876. It is a small weevil found in North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in the scientific literature. The genus Onychobaris belongs to the weevil family, one of the largest families of beetles, whose members are characterized by their distinctive elongated snouts.
Curculionidae flower-weevil North-America LeConte-1876 data-deficient
Onychobaris subtonsa
flower weevil
Onychobaris subtonsa is a species of flower weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1876. The species is recorded from prairie provinces of central Canada, specifically Manitoba and Saskatchewan. As a member of the flower weevil group, it likely associates with flowering plants, though specific biological details remain poorly documented. The genus Onychobaris contains relatively obscure species with limited published research.
Curculionidae flower-weevil North-America prairie-provinces LeConte-1876 obscure-species data-deficient
Onychomira floridensis
Onychomira floridensis is a darkling beetle (family Tenebrionidae) described by Campbell in 1984. The genus Onychomira is part of the speciose family Tenebrionidae, commonly known as darkling beetles, which are primarily detritivores and are abundant in arid and semi-arid environments. No specific ecological or behavioral studies have been published for this species.
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle Florida-endemic Campbell-1984 Polyphaga Cucujiformia Onychomira North-America USA Southeastern-United-States undocumented-ecology data-deficient
Opsigalea blanchardi
Opsigalea blanchardi is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Todd in 1966. It is a rarely encountered species with limited published documentation. The genus Opsigalea contains few species and is poorly known relative to other noctuid genera. Available records suggest it occurs in North America, though specific habitat associations and biology remain undocumented in scientific literature.
noctuidae owlet-moth north-america data-deficient
Orchestomerus marionis
Orchestomerus marionis is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases. As a member of Orchestomerus, it belongs to a genus of small weevils within the superfamily Curculionoidea. Specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Curculionidae Coleoptera weevil provisionally-accepted data-deficient
Oreoneta
A genus of dwarf spiders (family Linyphiidae) established in 1894, comprising approximately 30 species distributed across cold-temperate and Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most species inhabit high-latitude or high-altitude environments. The genus was revised extensively by Saaristo & Marusik in 2004, resulting in numerous new species descriptions.
Arachnida Araneae Linyphiidae dwarf-spider Arctic boreal Holarctic tundra montane predator cold-adapted ground-dwelling high-latitude high-altitude Saaristo Marusik Chyzer Kulczyński 1894 2004-revision genitalic-characters epigynum embolus conductor palaearctic nearctic Eurasia North-America Scandinavia Siberia Alaska Canada Greenland Kazakhstan Mongolia China Kurile-Islands Finland Sweden Norway Germany Switzerland Italy Slovakia Bulgaria Central-Europe type-species:-Oreoneta-frigida thirty-species 30-species small-spider sheet-web-weaver money-spider Linyphiinae Erigoninae microhabitat litter-dwelling cryptic understudied taxonomic-revision morphological-taxonomy light-microscopy species-description biogeography glacial-refugia post-glacial-colonization endemic regional-endemic alpine-endemic Arctic-endemic boreal-forest taiga rocky-habitat meadow wetland stream-margin snowbed fellfield heath moss lichen vegetation soil-surface stone rock boulder scree talus debris humus organic-layer permafrost polar subpolar cold-stenotherm stenotherm stenotopic habitat-specialist conservation rare data-deficient IUCN red-list natural-history systematics phylogeny molecular-systematics DNA-barcoding COI cytochrome-oxidase 28S 18S ITS morphology taxonomy alpha-taxonomy revision monograph faunistics chorology zoogeography dispersal vicariance speciation cryptic-species species-complex species-group species-aggregate subspecies infraspecific variation polymorphism sexual-dimorphism male female juvenile instar ecdysis molting development growth reproduction mating courtship sperm-transfer spermatophore pedipalp palpal-organ copulatory-organ genitalia epigyne vulva spermatheca fertilization-duct copulatory-duct atrium scape maceration dissection microscope stereomicroscope compound-microscope illustration drawing photography SEM scanning-electron-microscopy habitus dorsal ventral lateral prosoma opisthosoma abdomen cephalothorax carapace sternum chelicera fang leg tarsus metatarsus tibia patella femur coxa trochanter spinneret colulus tracheal-spiracle book-lung cuticle seta hair spine macroseta sensillum chaetotaxy eye oculus ocelli anterior-median-eye posterior-median-eye anterior-lateral-eye posterior-lateral-eye eye-tubercle clypeus fovea pedicel waist constriction color pattern pigmentation melanism albinism size measurement total-length carapace-length carapace-width abdomen-length leg-length leg-formula index ratio proportion allometry ontogeny subadult adult maturity sexual-maturity reproductive-maturity longevity life-span generation-time voltinism univoltine semivoltine biennial perennial overwintering diapause quiescence cold-hardiness freeze-tolerance freeze-avoidance supercooling cryoprotectant glycerol sorbitol trehalose thermal-biology thermoregulation behavioral-thermoregulation postural-thermoregulation activity diurnal nocturnal crepuscular matutinal vespertine circadian rhythm seasonal phenology calendar date month activity-period breeding-season oviposition egg egg-sac cocoon silk web sheet-web tangle-web space-web platform-web dome-web bowl-web funnel retreat signal-line dragline attachment-disc ampullate-gland cylindriform-gland aciniform-gland aggregate-gland flagelliform-gland tubuliform-gland piriform-gland major-ampullate minor-ampullate silk-protein spidroin fibroin sericin glue viscid dry capture-silk dragline-silk safety-line anchor-line frame-line radial-line spiral-line sticky-spiral non-sticky-spiral hub perimeter substrate niche guild functional-group trophic-level carnivore zoophage arthropodivore insectivore prey capture attack subdue immobilize kill feed digest extraoral-digestion sucking-stomach gut midgut hindgut Malpighian-tubule excretion osmoregulation metabolism respiration trachea spiracle gas-exchange circulation hemolymph heart aorta sinus nervous-system brain ganglion nerve sensory-organ mechanoreceptor chemoreceptor thermoreceptor hygroreceptor photoreceptor proprioceptor trichobothrium tarsal-organ slit-sensillum lyriform-organ pedipalp-organ Haller's-organ contact-chemoreceptor gustatory olfactory pheromone semiochemical kairomone allomone synomone communication signal vibration seismic airborne visual chemical tactile copulation insemination sperm spermatozoon median-apophysis terminal-apophysis paracymbium cymbium bulbus tegulum subtegulum radix lamella process apophysis flange hook coil spiral duct reservoir sclerite plate field fossa pocket receptaculum spermathecae gland insemination-duct uterus uterus-externus uterus-internus vagina gonopore ovipositor ovary oviduct follicle vitellogenesis oogenesis spermatogenesis testis vas-deferens ejaculatory-duct seminal-vesicle fecundity fertility clutch-size egg-number hatching emergence ballooning aerial-dispersal silk-dragline gossamer migration movement walking running jumping climbing burrowing hiding refuge shelter defense predation predator-avoidance antipredator crypsis camouflage mimicry aposematism deimatic thanatosis autotomy leg-loss regeneration injury wound healing immune-response hemocyte melanization encapsulation nodule parasite parasitoid pathogen fungus bacterium virus nematode mite grooming cleaning hygiene self-maintenance silk-use web-use prey-capture foraging hunting ambush sit-and-wait active-hunting searching probing testing exploration learning memory cognition behavior ethology ecology population community ecosystem biome biosphere habitat environment abiotic biotic factor temperature humidity moisture precipitation rain snow wind light photoperiod day-length radiation UV soil cover complexity heterogeneity productivity energy nutrient carbon nitrogen phosphorus food-web trophic-interaction predator-prey competition intraspecific interspecific resource partitioning coexistence diversity richness evenness abundance density frequency occurrence presence absence detection sampling collection pitfall-trap quadrat transect hand-collecting beating sifting extraction Berlese Tullgren Winkler flotation sorting preservation ethanol formalin mount slide label catalog database repository museum voucher type holotype paratype syntype lectotype paralectotype neotype topotype original data locality georeference coordinate latitude longitude elevation altitude depth collector determination identification expert specialist literature publication journal article paper book thesis dissertation report checklist online digital archive bibliography reference citation author year volume page figure map table appendix supplementary material methods results discussion conclusion abstract keyword index-term subject topic discipline science biology zoology arachnology entomology evolution phylogenetics biological nature protection management policy legislation restoration monitoring assessment indicator flagship umbrella keystone engineer service function dynamics stability resilience resistance recovery succession disturbance climate change warming glacier range shift expansion contraction fragmentation isolation connectivity corridor network reserve park protected area wilderness urban rural agricultural forestry mining impact threat risk vulnerability sensitivity exposure adaptive capacity mitigation adaptation sustainable use harvest trade economy medicine research education outreach citizen engagement awareness appreciation aesthetic cultural spiritual existence value intrinsic instrumental utilitarian anthropocentric biocentric ecocentric ethic philosophy history discovery expedition voyage survey inventory fauna biota biodiversity life earth planet wildlife animal invertebrate arthropod chelicerate arachnid spider araneomorph entelegyne micryphantid Oreoneta 2004 frigida type-species alpine feeding type-specimen climate-change protected-area
Oresbius fulvibasis
Oresbius fulvibasis is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, described by Townes in 1962. It belongs to the genus Oresbius, a group of parasitoid wasps whose biology remains poorly documented. The species epithet 'fulvibasis' refers to a tawny or yellowish coloration at the base of some body part, likely the abdomen or legs. Like other members of Ichneumonidae, it is presumed to be a parasitoid of other insects, though specific host records for this species are not established.
ichneumonidae parasitoid-wasp townes-1962 holarctic-genus data-deficient
Orgerius concordus
Orgerius concordus is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, described by Ball & Hartzell in 1922. The species belongs to the subfamily Orgeriinae, a group of planthoppers often associated with arid and semi-arid environments. It is known from a limited number of records in California and Baja California. The genus Orgerius contains relatively few described species, and O. concordus remains poorly studied with minimal published biological information.
planthopper Fulgoromorpha western-North-America arid-adapted data-deficient
Orgichneumon
Orgichneumon is a genus of ichneumon wasps established by Heinrich in 1961. Members belong to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. The genus is poorly documented in published literature, with limited species-level descriptions and biological data available. Records indicate presence in northern North America.
ichneumonidae parasitoid holarctic data-deficient
Orthonevra feei
Fee's Mucksucker
Orthonevra feei is a rare syrphid fly species described in 2019, known only from New Hampshire, United States. As a hoverfly, adults are capable of sustained hovering flight. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are of the rat-tailed type, though O. feei larvae specifically remain undescribed. Adults are associated with flowers for nectar and pollen feeding.
rare endemic data-deficient recently-described
Orthopleurinae
Orthopleurinae is a subfamily of checkered beetles (family Cleridae) established by Böving and Craighead in 1931. It is currently treated as a synonym of Korynetinae in modern classifications. The group contains few documented observations, with only 8 records in iNaturalist. Its members belong to the superfamily Cleroidea within the diverse beetle suborder Polyphaga.
Cleridae Coleoptera synonym Korynetinae checkered-beetles Cleroidea historical-taxon data-deficient
Osmia clarescens
Osmia clarescens is a solitary mason bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1911. The species occurs in Central America and North America. Like other members of the genus Osmia, it is a cavity-nesting bee that constructs nests in hollow stems or pre-existing holes, sealing brood chambers with mud. Specific ecological details and distinguishing characteristics remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.
solitary-bee mason-bee Megachilidae cavity-nesting North-America Central-America Cockerell-1911 data-deficient
Osmia glauca
Osmia glauca is a species of mason bee in the family Megachilidae, originally described as Heriades glaucum by Fowler in 1899. It is native to North America and belongs to a genus of solitary bees known for nesting in pre-existing cavities and sealing brood cells with mud. Like other Osmia species, it is likely a pollinator of flowering plants, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
mason-bee solitary-bee native-bee pollinator cavity-nester North-America Megachilidae Osmia poorly-known-species data-deficient
Ospriocerus minos
Ospriocerus minos is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, originally described by Osten Sacken in 1877. The species has been treated as a synonym of Stenopogon minos in some taxonomic databases, indicating ongoing taxonomic uncertainty. As a member of the subfamily Stenopogoninae, it belongs to a group of predatory flies characterized by their streamlined bodies and predatory habits. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only a single iNaturalist record noted.
robber-fly Asilidae Stenopogoninae predatory-fly data-deficient taxonomic-uncertainty western-North-America
Oulema margineimpressa
Oulema margineimpressa is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, subfamily Criocerinae. It was described by Schaeffer in 1933 and is known from North America. Members of the genus Oulema are commonly referred to as cereal leaf beetles, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae Criocerinae North-America Schaeffer-1933 data-deficient
Oxylaemus americanus
A small North American beetle in the family Teredidae (formerly part of Anobiidae), described by LeConte in 1863. Very little published information exists on the natural history of this species, though it belongs to a family associated with wood-boring and fungal-feeding habits. The genus Oxylaemus contains species typically found in decaying wood and fungal environments.
Coleoptera Teredidae North-America wood-associated-beetles cryptic-species data-deficient
Oxyporus kiteleyi
Oxyporus kiteleyi is a rove beetle in the subfamily Oxyporinae, described by Campbell in 1978. The species is known from a limited number of records in eastern North America, spanning from Georgia in the southern United States to Quebec and New Brunswick in Canada. Like other members of Oxyporus, it is likely associated with fungal fruiting bodies, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The species is rarely encountered, with only three observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the available data.
Staphylinidae Oxyporinae rove-beetle fungus-associated-beetle North-America rarely-recorded data-deficient
Pachybrachis othonus pallidipennis
Pachybrachis othonus pallidipennis is a subspecies of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is a small leaf beetle with limited available documentation. The subspecies was described by Suffrian in 1858. Records indicate presence in North America. Specific biological details for this subspecies are poorly documented in available sources.
leaf-beetle flea-beetle Chrysomelidae subspecies data-deficient
Pachyschelus schwarzi
Pachyschelus schwarzi is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It belongs to the tribe Trachyini, a group characterized by small, flattened, wedge-shaped adults with larvae that mine within leaves rather than boring through wood. The species is found in North America. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with herbaceous host plants, though specific details remain poorly documented.
metallic-wood-boring-beetle jewel-beetle leaf-miner North-America Trachyini Buprestidae data-deficient
Pagaronia furcata
Pagaronia furcata is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Oman in 1938. It belongs to the subfamily Evacanthinae, a group of leafhoppers characterized by distinctive head morphology. The species has been documented in California, with 25 observations recorded on iNaturalist. Limited information exists regarding its biology and ecology.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Evacanthinae California-endemic data-deficient
Panscopus abruptus
broad-nosed weevil
Panscopus abruptus is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Casey in 1895. It belongs to the genus Panscopus, a group of weevils characterized by their broad, short rostrums. The species has been documented in western North America, with records from California, British Columbia, and several other locations. Very few observations exist in public databases.
weevil broad-nosed-weevil Curculionidae western-North-America data-deficient
Panscopus torpidus
Panscopus torpidus is a weevil species in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Brachycerinae. It belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized weevils associated with coniferous forests in western North America. The species name 'torpidus' (meaning sluggish or inactive) may reflect behavioral traits or was applied descriptively by early taxonomists. It is among the less commonly encountered species in its genus, with few documented observations.
weevil Curculionidae Brachycerinae coniferous-forest western-North-America rare data-deficient
Paradacerla
Paradacerla is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Carvalho and Usinger in 1957. The genus belongs to the diverse mirid fauna of the Western Hemisphere. Very few records exist for this genus, with only one observation documented on iNaturalist. The taxonomic placement within Miridae indicates it is part of the large radiation of true bugs associated with vegetation.
plant-bug Miridae Neotropical taxonomic-revision-needed data-deficient
Paradonus
Paradonus is a genus of click beetles in the family Elateridae, established by Stibick in 1971. The genus contains approximately six described species distributed in North America. These beetles possess the characteristic clicking mechanism of Elateridae, though specific ecological and behavioral details remain poorly documented.
Elateridae click-beetles North-American-fauna Stibick-1971 data-deficient
Paragalasa exospinalis
Paragalasa exospinalis is a monotypic moth species in the snout moth family Pyralidae, subfamily Chrysauginae. It was described by Cashatt in 1969 and is known only from Arizona. The genus Paragalasa contains no other species. Fewer than 10 observations have been documented, indicating this is a poorly known species with limited ecological data available.
monotypic data-deficient endemic Arizona
Paragraphus setosus
Paragraphus setosus is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by Blatchley in 1916. It belongs to the tribe Agraphini within the subfamily Entiminae. Very little is known about its biology or natural history. The species has been recorded from Florida, North America.
weevil Curculionidae Entiminae Agraphini Florida North-America broad-nosed-weevil Blatchley-1916 data-deficient
Paralobesia pallicircula
Paralobesia pallicircula is a species of tortricid moth in the genus Paralobesia. The genus Paralobesia includes species associated with grape and related plants, with Paralobesia viteana (grape berry moth) being a well-known agricultural pest. Very little specific information has been documented about P. pallicircula itself.
moth tortricidae paralobesia lepidoptera data-deficient
Paralobesia worthi
Paralobesia worthi is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. It belongs to a genus that includes several North American species associated with grape and related plants. The genus Paralobesia is taxonomically related to Lobesia, which contains economically significant vineyard pests. Available records for P. worthi are sparse, with limited observational data documented.
rarely-documented data-deficient tortricid-moth North-America
Paramiana canoa
Paramiana canoa is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by Barnes in 1907. Originally placed in the genus Cerma, it was later transferred to Paramiana. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented. It belongs to the subfamily Noctuinae, one of the largest and most diverse groups of moths.
Noctuidae Noctuinae North-America understudied data-deficient
Paramyiolia nigricornis
Paramyiolia nigricornis is a species of fruit fly in the family Tephritidae, first described by Doane in 1899 under the name Aciura nigricornis. It is a member of the tribe Trypetini within the subfamily Trypetinae. The species has been recorded from the northeastern United States, specifically Vermont.
fruit-fly Tephritidae Diptera North-America data-deficient
Paranoplium gracile gracile
Paranoplium gracile gracile is a subspecies of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, tribe Oemini. Originally described by LeConte in 1881, it is currently treated as a synonym in modern taxonomic databases. The species is known from North America, with records from the United States. As a cerambycid, it belongs to a diverse family of wood-boring beetles, though specific biological details for this subspecies remain poorly documented.
Cerambycidae Cerambycinae Oemini longhorn-beetle wood-boring-beetle North-America synonym data-deficient
Paraptorthodius mirabilis
Wonderful Phengodid
Paraptorthodius mirabilis is a glowworm beetle in the family Phengodidae, first described by Schaeffer in 1904. The species is known from North America. Like other phengodids, adults are likely bioluminescent, though specific documentation of this trait for this species is not confirmed in available sources. The common name "Wonderful Phengodid" reflects both its species epithet (mirabilis, meaning "wonderful" or "remarkable") and its membership in a family known for spectacular light production.
bioluminescence rare data-deficient
Parmenosoma griseum
Parmenosoma griseum is a longhorn beetle species described by Schaeffer in 1908. It belongs to the subfamily Lamiinae within the family Cerambycidae. The species is known from the United States and Mexico, with very few documented observations. As a member of the Parmenini tribe, it shares characteristics with other Parmenosoma species, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Cerambycidae Lamiinae Parmenini longhorn-beetle North-America data-deficient
Pelecyphorus liratus
Pelecyphorus liratus is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, first described by LeConte in 1854. The genus Pelecyphorus belongs to a group of tenebrionids often associated with arid and semi-arid environments. Records indicate this species occurs in Mexico, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in published literature.
beetle darkling-beetle Mexico data-deficient
Pelochrista bolanderana
Pelochrista bolanderana is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae, and tribe Eucosmini. It was first described by Walsingham in 1879. The species belongs to a large genus of small moths, many of which are associated with coniferous hosts. Specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available literature.
tortricidae olethreutinae eucosmini western-north-america data-deficient
Pelochrista daemonicana
A small tortricid moth in the tribe Eucosmini, described by Heinrich in 1923. The species is rarely recorded, with only three observations documented on iNaturalist. As with many Pelochrista species, detailed natural history information remains limited.
Tortricidae Eucosmini Olethreutinae rarely-recorded data-deficient
Pelochrista denverana
Pelochrista denverana is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, first described by Kearfott in 1907. It belongs to the large genus Pelochrista, which contains numerous small moth species. The species is part of the Olethreutinae subfamily and Eucosmini tribe. Very few specific details about its biology or ecology have been documented in the available literature.
tortricidae olethreutinae eucosmini microlepidoptera data-deficient
Pelochrista immaculana
Pelochrista immaculana is a species of tortricid moth described by Kearfott in 1907. It belongs to the large genus Pelochrista within the subfamily Olethreutinae. The species is rarely recorded, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist. As with other members of the genus, it is a small moth likely associated with specific host plants, though detailed ecological information remains limited.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae Eucosmini rarely-recorded data-deficient
Pelochrista momana
Pelochrista momana is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae, and tribe Eucosmini. It was described by Kearfott in 1907. The genus Pelochrista contains numerous small moth species, many of which are poorly documented in terms of biology and ecology. No common name has been assigned to this species.
data-deficient tortricidae olethreutinae eucosmini small-moth nocturnal
Pelochrista shastana
Pelochrista shastana is a small tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae. The species was described by Walsingham in 1879. Like other members of the genus Pelochrista, it belongs to the tribe Eucosmini, a group of small moths often referred to as 'bell moths' or 'tortricid leafrollers.' Very few documented observations of this species exist in public databases.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae Eucosmini Lepidoptera small-moth tortricid data-deficient
Pemphigus knowltoni
Pemphigus knowltoni is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae, described by Stroyan in 1970. It belongs to the genus Pemphigus, a group of aphids commonly known as gall aphids or poplar gall aphids due to their habit of inducing gall formation on host plants. The species is part of the subfamily Pemphiginae, which contains many species with complex life cycles involving host alternation between primary woody hosts (typically poplars in the genus Populus) and secondary herbaceous hosts. Very little specific information about P. knowltoni has been published in the accessible literature.
aphid gall-aphid Pemphigus Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha Stroyan-1970 data-deficient North-America
Pentodontini
rhinoceros beetles
Pentodontini is the most diverse tribe within the subfamily Dynastinae (rhinoceros beetles), containing over 100 genera distributed across multiple biogeographic regions. Most genera are restricted to a single biogeographic region. The tribe is characterized by substantial morphological diversity, with generic-level identification often relying on mouthpart morphology in females and secondary sexual characters (horns, claw modifications, antennal club length) in males.
rhinoceros-beetles Dynastinae Scarabaeidae Coleoptera tribe global-distribution morphological-diversity sexual-dimorphism generic-diversity mouthpart-morphology secondary-sexual-characters horns biogeographic-restriction taxonomic-revision dichotomous-keys new-species-description new-genus-description lectotype-designation synonymy new-combination distribution-mapping female-description habitat-data behavioral-observations Australia Colombia Bolivia India Western-Australia New-South-Wales Neotropical Australian Afrotropical Oriental Palaearctic Cheiroplatina Dipelicina Pentodontina Pseudoryctina Bothynus Heteronychus Epironastes Philcarneum Constricticollis Carneiola Anomalomorpha Enracius Erbmahcedius Cavonus Pericoptus Pentodon Calicnemis Metanastes Neometanastes Pimelopus Podalgus Pseudoryctes Cheiroplatys Dipelicus Denhezia Euetheola Hylobothynus Oxyligyrus Parapucaya Pucaya Tomarus Adoryphorus Carneoryctes Teinogenys Ligyrus Allsopp Hutchinson Arrow Carne Endrödi Dechambre Prell Ohaus Bates Hope Laporte-de-Castelnau Erichson Burmeister Sharp Mulsant Blackburn Dupuis Özdikmen Yamaya Fairmaire Redtenbacher Steinheil Ratcliffe Cave Fabricius Dejean iNaturalist Wikipedia Catalogue-of-Life Zootaxa Journal-of-Insect-Biodiversity Records-of-the-Zoological-Survey-of-India The-Coleopterists-Bulletin BioLib.cz Wikimedia-Commons DOI 10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.4.2 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.3.2 10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2s/2025/172964 10.11646/zootaxa.5716.4.7 10.11646/zootaxa.5072.5.2 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.4.3 10.12976/jib/2024.54.2.2 10.1649/1186.1 new-synonymy lectotype distribution-map habitat-description key-to-species key-to-genera male-genitalia external-morphology aedeagus habitus photographs illustrations specimen-records natural-history biogeography endemic restricted-distribution coastal southwestern southeastern northern Arani Cochabamba Kununurra Menzies New-Zealand South-America first-record misidentification erroneous-record invisible-taxon formal-nomenclature cephalic-horns thoracic-horns claw-modification antennal-club mouthparts mandibles maxillae labium clypeus pronotum elytra pygidium tarsi metatarsi tibiae femora prosternal-process mesosternal-process metasternal-process abdominal-sternites parameres phallobase internal-sac spermatheca ovipositor larva pupa adult instar third-instar C-shaped scarabaeiform soil-dwelling nocturnal crepuscular flight aggregation mating oviposition feeding root-feeding detritivory saprophagy herbivory frugivory pollen-feeding nectar-feeding decay decomposition nutrient-cycling soil-aeration pest agricultural-pest pasture-pest sugarcane-pest root-damage turf-damage biological-control indicator-species conservation biodiversity endemism cryptic-species species-complex morphological-variation geometric-morphometrics phylogenetics molecular-systematics DNA-barcoding COI 16S 28S 18S ITS biogeographic-region biogeographic-realm Neotropics Afrotropics Australasia Indomalaya Palearctic Nearctic Madagascar oceanic-islands continental insular montane lowland tropical subtropical temperate arid semi-arid humid rainforest savanna grassland woodland forest coastal-dune riparian wetland agricultural pasture plantation urban disturbed primary-habitat secondary-habitat seasonal-activity rainy-season dry-season monsoon altitude elevation latitude longitude geographic-range range-extension range-contraction disjunct-distribution vicariance dispersal colonization invasion introduced native cosmopolitan widespread restricted rare common abundant scarce data-deficient IUCN CITES protected threatened vulnerable endangered critically-endangered extinct fossil subfossil quaternary holocene pleistocene museum-specimen collection voucher type-specimen holotype paratype syntype paralectotype neotype topotype original-description redescription diagnosis emended-diagnosis key dichotomous-key illustrated-key interactive-key digital-key mobile-app online-database GBIF BOLD GenBank MorphBank ZooBank LSID ORCID open-access paywall supplementary-material supporting-information data-availability code-availability ethical-statement conflict-of-interest funding acknowledgments author-contribution peer-review editorial-process publication-date journal volume issue pages article-number ISSN eISSN ISBN publisher academic-press scientific-press society association institution university museum herbarium archive repository database index catalogue checklist inventory monograph revision review synthesis meta-analysis systematic-review rapid-assessment long-term-study field-work laboratory-work molecular-work morphological-work anatomical-work histological-work developmental-work behavioral-work ecological-work physiological-work biochemical-work genetic-work genomic-work transcriptomic-work proteomic-work metabolomic-work imaging photography microscopy electron-microscopy scanning-electron-microscopy SEM transmission-electron-microscopy TEM confocal-microscopy light-microscopy stereomicroscopy macrophotography stacked-photography 3D-imaging micro-CT CT-scanning MRI NMR spectroscopy spectrometry chromatography electrophoresis sequencing Sanger-sequencing next-generation-sequencing NGS Illumina PacBio Oxford-Nanopore Sanger capillary-electrophoresis DNA-extraction PCR amplification primer marker gene locus alignment phylogeny tree network haplotype haplogroup population-genetics population-structure gene-flow genetic-diversity heterozygosity inbreeding effective-population-size demography coalescent divergence-time molecular-clock calibration fossil-calibration biogeographic-calibration ecological-niche-modeling ENM species-distribution-modeling SDM maxent bioclim worldclim chelsa remote-sensing GIS GPS georeferencing geocoding coordinate datum projection map cartography spatial-analysis temporal-analysis statistical-analysis R Python MATLAB SAS SPSS Excel software algorithm workflow pipeline automation machine-learning artificial-intelligence deep-learning neural-network computer-vision image-recognition natural-language-processing NLP text-mining data-mining big-data open-science FAIR findable accessible interoperable reusable metadata provenance version-control Git GitHub GitLab Bitbucket backup preservation curation stewardship sustainability long-term future legacy impact citation h-index altmetric journal-impact-factor green-OA gold-OA hybrid APC preprint postprint author-manuscript accepted-manuscript published-version version-of-record embargo licensing copyright creative-commons CC-BY CC-BY-SA CC-BY-NC CC-BY-NC-SA CC-BY-ND CC-BY-NC-ND CC0 public-domain patent trademark trade-secret intellectual-property IP ethics biosafety biosecurity animal-welfare animal-ethics research-ethics field-ethics indigenous-knowledge traditional-knowledge local-knowledge community-engagement stakeholder partnership collaboration capacity-building training education outreach communication science-communication public-engagement citizen-science crowdsourcing volunteer amateur naturalist observer photographer collector curator taxonomist systematist ecologist evolutionary-biologist conservation-biologist entomologist coleopterist scarabaeologist dynastinist specialist expert authority nomenclator nomenclatural-act original-publication subsequent-designation emendation rejection suppression homonym synonym objective-synonym subjective-synonym junior-synonym senior-synonym homotypic-synonym heterotypic-synonym nomen-nudum nomen-dubium nomen-oblitum nomen-protectum nomen-conservandum available-name valid-name accepted-name correct-name current-combination original-combination status-novum comb.-nov.syn.-nov.sp.-nov.gen.-nov.subgen.-nov.subsp.-nov.nom.-nov.nom.-nud.nom.-dub.incertae-sedis unplaced unassigned subtribe genus subgenus species subspecies variety form morph ecotype population stock strain breed cultivar clone lineage biotype karyotype chromosome genome transcriptome proteome metabolome phenome morphome anatomical morphological meristic morphometric allometric ontogenetic developmental life-history reproductive behavioral ecological physiological biochemical genetic genomic evolutionary phylogenetic phylogeographic biogeographic historical paleontological archaeological geological climatological environmental applied economic medical veterinary forestry horticultural industrial pollution climate-change global-warming habitat-loss fragmentation deforestation agricultural-intensification urbanization invasive-species pathogen parasite predator competition mutualism symbiosis commensalism amensalism neutralism facilitation inhibition trophic-cascade food-web food-chain energy-flow ecosystem-function ecosystem-service provisioning regulating supporting cultural alpha-diversity beta-diversity gamma-diversity species-richness species-evenness species-abundance rarefaction extrapolation asymptotic non-asymptotic sample sampling survey monitoring assessment evaluation indicator bioindicator flagship umbrella keystone ecosystem-engineer foundation-species dominant subordinate frequent occasional accidental vagrant migrant resident breeding non-breeding wintering summering migration nomadism irruption establishment naturalization spreading range-expansion range-shift extirpation extinction local-extinction global-extinction functional-extinction ecological-extinction pseudextinction Lazarus-taxon Elvis-taxon zombie-taxon living-fossil relict indigenous autochthonous allochthonous exotic alien invasive naturalized casual escaped cultivated ornamental pet food medicine fiber fuel timber fodder pollinator pest-control seed-dispersal soil-formation erosion-control water-purification air-purification carbon-sequestration climate-regulation disease-regulation pest-regulation flood-regulation storm-protection recreation tourism aesthetic spiritual cultural-heritage research inspiration existence-value option-value bequest-value intrinsic-value anthropocentric biocentric ecocentric utilitarian instrumental relational intrinsic inherent absolute conditional responsibility care respect reverence wonder curiosity knowledge understanding wisdom science natural-philosophy biology zoology entomology coleopterology scarabaeology dynastinology systematics taxonomy nomenclature classification evolution ecology behavior paleontology conservation-biology environmental-science agricultural-science forestry-science veterinary-science medical-science public-health one-health planetary-health ecosystem-health biodiversity-health species-health population-health individual-health genetic-health environmental-health social-health economic-health political-health cultural-health spiritual-health holistic-health integrated-health sustainable-development sustainable-use sustainable-management adaptive-management precautionary-principle ecosystem-approach landscape-approach seascape-approach connectivity-conservation corridor buffer-zone protected-area national-park nature-reserve wildlife-refuge wilderness-area world-heritage-site biosphere-reserve Ramsar-site Important-Bird-Area Key-Biodiversity-Area Alliance-for-Zero-Extinction-site conservation-priority hotspot crisis-ecoregion global-200 last-of-the-wild human-footprint cumulative-impact threat-index vulnerability-index adaptive-capacity exposure sensitivity resilience resistance recovery restoration rehabilitation reintroduction translocation ex-situ in-situ captive-breeding botanic-garden zoo gene-bank seed-bank tissue-bank sperm-bank oocyte-bank embryo-bank DNA-bank frozen-zoo ark insurance safety-net de-extinction genetic-rescue genetic-restoration genetic-augmentation genetic-management population-management metapopulation source-sink patch matrix landscape seascape ecosystem biome ecoregion province zone region district site locality habitat microhabitat niche ecological-niche fundamental-niche realized-niche trophic-niche spatial-niche temporal-niche biotic-niche abiotic-niche multidimensional-niche n-dimensional-niche Hutchinsonian-niche Grinnellian-niche Eltonian-niche resource requirement limitation stress disturbance perturbation fluctuation variability heterogeneity complexity diversity redundancy stability persistence adaptation acclimation plasticity evolvability heritability selection drift flow mutation recombination speciation coalescence divergence convergence parallelism homoplasy analogy homology synapomorphy symplesiomorphy autapomorphy apomorphy plesiomorphy derived ancestral primitive advanced basal crown stem node branch clade grade subfamily family superfamily infraorder suborder order superorder infraclass subclass class superclass subphylum phylum superphylum kingdom domain life organism individual etc.
Peoria holoponerella
Peoria holoponerella is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. Described by Dyar in 1908, this species belongs to a genus containing multiple North American species. Available information on this species is extremely limited, with only three observations recorded in iNaturalist and minimal published documentation.
Pyralidae Phycitinae snout-moth North-America data-deficient
Peracalles ventrosus
Peracalles ventrosus is a species of hidden snout weevil (Curculionidae) described by Kissinger in 1964. It belongs to the genus Peracalles, which is characterized by a concealed rostrum that is not visible from above. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented.
weevil hidden-snout-weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient
Perdita calochorti
Perdita calochorti is a species of mining bee in the family Andrenidae, described by Timberlake in 1956. The specific epithet 'calochorti' suggests an association with Calochortus, a genus of flowering plants commonly known as mariposa lilies or cat's ears. Like other members of the genus Perdita, it is a solitary bee native to North America. The species is represented by minimal observation records, with only one documented iNaturalist observation.
mining-bee solitary-bee specialist-pollinator North-American-native data-deficient
Perissarthron
Perissarthron is a genus of click beetles (family Elateridae) established by Hyslop in 1918. The genus is currently marked as doubtful in taxonomic databases, indicating uncertainty about its validity or distinctiveness from related genera. Very few observations exist, with only 7 records documented on iNaturalist. The taxonomic status and defining characteristics of this genus remain poorly resolved.
elateridae doubtful-taxon data-deficient
Peritelinus oregonus
Peritelinus oregonus is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Entiminae. The species was described from Oregon in 1936 and is endemic to the Pacific Northwest region of North America. It has been historically classified under the genus Paraptochus, and its taxonomic status remains subject to revision with some sources treating it as a synonym while others recognize it as valid. The species is known from very few observations.
weevil broad-nosed-weevil Pacific-Northwest-endemic data-deficient
Perittia serica
Perittia serica is a small moth in the family Elachistidae, first described by Kaila in 1995. The species is known only from Colorado, with forewings measuring approximately 6 mm in length. Very little is known about its biology, ecology, or life history.
elachistidae microlepidoptera colorado-endemic data-deficient
Perola clara
Perola clara is a species of slug caterpillar moth in the family Limacodidae, described by Harrison Gray Dyar in 1907. The species belongs to a family known for larvae with reduced prolegs that move with a slug-like gliding motion. As with many Limacodidae, the adults are typically small to medium-sized moths with stout, hairy bodies. Information on the specific biology and ecology of P. clara remains limited in the scientific literature.
slug-caterpillar-moth Limacodidae Dyar-1907 data-deficient
Petaserpes strictus
Petaserpes strictus is a millipede species in the family Polyzoniidae, described by Shelley in 1976. It belongs to the order Polyzoniida, a group of small, often flattened millipedes. The species is recorded from North America. Very few observations exist, with only one documented record in iNaturalist.
millipede Polyzoniidae North-America data-deficient
Phaenomerus foveipennis
Phaenomerus foveipennis is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, originally described by Morimoto in 1961. The species has been transferred to the genus Aparallelodemas in some taxonomic treatments, creating nomenclatural synonymy. It belongs to the tribe Phyllobiini, a group of leaf-feeding weevils. Available information on this species is extremely limited.
weevil Curculionidae Phyllobiini taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient
Phaeoses
Phaeoses is a genus of small moths in the family Tineidae, first described by Forbes in 1922. The genus belongs to the diverse group of fungus moths and clothes moths. Species within Phaeoses are poorly documented in scientific literature, with limited published information on their biology and ecology.
obscure data-deficient Tineidae
Pheidole porcula
Pheidole porcula is a species of big-headed ant in the genus Pheidole, described by Wheeler in 1908. As a member of this hyperdiverse ant genus, it exhibits the characteristic worker polymorphism with distinct major and minor worker castes. The species is placed within the tribe Attini, though unlike the well-known fungus-growing ants in this tribe, most Pheidole species are generalist foragers. Specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in available literature.
Formicidae Myrmicinae Attini Pheidole big-headed-ant worker-polymorphism Neotropical Nearctic data-deficient
Pheletes lecontei
Pheletes lecontei is a species of click beetle (family Elateridae). The genus Pheletes is a small elaterid group. As of current records, this species has been documented in only 8 observations, indicating it is rarely encountered or poorly known.
Elateridae click-beetle rarely-recorded data-deficient
Pheloconus infector
Pheloconus infector is a species of true weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Boheman in 1845. The species has been historically classified under the genus Conotrachelus, and its taxonomic placement has been subject to revision. It is one of few documented species in the genus Pheloconus, a group of weevils with limited published biological information.
weevil Curculionidae taxonomic-revision data-deficient
Philoctetes variatus
Philoctetes variatus is a species of cuckoo wasp in the family Chrysididae, a group known for their kleptoparasitic or parasitoid lifestyle targeting other Hymenoptera. The genus Philoctetes is a small, poorly documented group within Chrysididae. Information about this species is extremely limited, with minimal published research and few verified observations. It is known from a single iNaturalist record, indicating significant data gaps in its biology and distribution.
cuckoo-wasp kleptoparasite data-deficient rarely-observed
Phloiotrya riversi
Phloiotrya riversi is a species of beetle in the family Melandryidae, a group commonly known as false darkling beetles. The genus Phloiotrya is part of this small family of beetles, which are typically associated with decaying wood and fungal habitats. No observations of this species have been recorded on iNaturalist, indicating it is likely rare, poorly documented, or has a restricted distribution. The specific epithet "riversi" suggests the species may have been named in honor of a person, though the authority and original description details are not readily available.
beetle Coleoptera Melandryidae false-darkling-beetle data-deficient
Phobus curvatella
Phobus curvatella is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. Described by Ragonot in 1887, this species is among the least documented members of its genus. The genus Phobus contains relatively few described species, and most remain poorly known in terms of biology and distribution.
Pyralidae Phycitinae snout-moth Ragonot-1887 data-deficient
Phoenicobiella schwarzii
Phoenicobiella schwarzii is a species of fungus weevil in the family Anthribidae. This beetle belongs to a genus associated with palms (Arecaceae), though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented. The species is rarely recorded, with few observations in scientific collections and citizen science databases. It is one of several Phoenicobiella species found in tropical and subtropical regions.
fungus-weevil Coleoptera Anthribidae rarely-observed data-deficient
Photinus immaculatus
firefly
Photinus immaculatus is a species of firefly in the beetle family Lampyridae, described by Green in 1956. It occurs in North America. Like other Photinus fireflies, it produces bioluminescent light through a chemical reaction involving luciferin and luciferase. The species name "immaculatus" (Latin for "spotless" or "unstained") may refer to the lack of distinct markings on the elytra, though this has not been explicitly documented in the available sources.
firefly bioluminescence Lampyridae North-America data-deficient
Phyllobaenus maritimus
Leconte's Checkered Beetle
Phyllobaenus maritimus is a species of checkered beetle in the family Cleridae. Described by Wolcott in 1910, this species is known from North America. As a member of the genus Phyllobaenus, it belongs to a group of small to medium-sized clerid beetles often associated with wood-boring insects and their habitats.
checkered-beetle Cleridae North-America Wolcott-1910 data-deficient
Phyllobrotica sequoiensis
Phyllobrotica sequoiensis is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, described by Blake in 1956. It is found in North America, though specific details about its distribution, habitat preferences, and biology remain poorly documented. The genus Phyllobrotica comprises highly host-specialized beetles, with most species feeding exclusively on plants in the mint family (Lamiaceae), particularly the genera Stachys and Scutellaria.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae Phyllobrotica North-America host-specialist Lamiaceae data-deficient
Phylloscelis pennata
Phylloscelis pennata is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, described by Ball in 1937. It belongs to a small genus within the tribe Phylloscelini, characterized by leaf-like body modifications. The species is known from extremely limited records, with minimal observational data available.
planthopper fulgoroidea rare data-deficient
Phyllotreta conjuncta
Phyllotreta conjuncta is a flea beetle species in the family Chrysomelidae, first described by Gentner in 1924. The species is distributed across North America, with confirmed records from the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario. As a member of the genus Phyllotreta, it belongs to a group commonly known as flea beetles, characterized by their jumping ability. Very little specific information is available about this particular species beyond its basic taxonomy and distribution.
flea-beetle Chrysomelidae North-America data-deficient
Phylloxera paludis
Phylloxera paludis is a species of phylloxeran insect in the family Phylloxeridae, order Hemiptera. Phylloxerans are small, soft-bodied, sap-sucking insects closely related to aphids. Members of the genus Phylloxera are known for inducing gall formation on host plants through chemical secretions that alter plant tissue development. The specific epithet "paludis" suggests an association with marsh or wetland habitats, though detailed ecological studies of this particular species appear limited in the available literature.
Phylloxeridae Hemiptera gall-forming phylloxera sap-feeding Sternorrhyncha marsh-associated undocumented-ecology data-deficient
Phylloxera rileyi
Phylloxera rileyi is a gall-forming insect in the family Phylloxeridae, closely related to aphids. The species is known from limited observations and taxonomic records, with only two documented observations on iNaturalist. Like other phylloxerans, it likely induces abnormal plant growths (galls) on host plants through chemical secretions that manipulate plant development. The species was described by Riley in 1874.
gall-former phylloxeran Sternorrhyncha data-deficient
Physoconops nigrimanus
thick-headed fly
Physoconops nigrimanus is a species of thick-headed fly in the family Conopidae, first described by Bigot in 1887. Members of this genus are wasp mimics with elongated abdomens resembling potter wasps. The family Conopidae includes parasitic species that attack bees and wasps, though specific host records for P. nigrimanus are not documented. Observations of this species are extremely rare, with only two records in iNaturalist.
Conopidae Diptera parasitoid wasp-mimic data-deficient
Phytodietus solicitanae
Phytodietus solicitanae is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Loan in 1981. It belongs to the genus Phytodietus, a group of parasitoid wasps within the family Ichneumonidae. The species is known from a single locality in Manitoba, Canada. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to be a parasitoid of lepidopteran larvae, though specific host records for this species have not been published.
parasitoid Ichneumonidae Canada data-deficient
Piceacecis tsugae
white spruce shoot gall midge
Piceacecis tsugae is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces galls on spruce shoots. The specific epithet "tsugae" suggests an association with hemlock (Tsuga), though this species is documented on spruce (Picea). It is a poorly studied species with limited observational records.
gall-midge conifer-gall spruce Cecidomyiidae poorly-known data-deficient
Pityophthorus crinalis
Pityophthorus crinalis is a species of bark beetle in the family Curculionidae, described by Blackman in 1928. It belongs to the genus Pityophthorus, a group of small ambrosia and bark beetles primarily associated with coniferous and hardwood trees. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases with records indicating presence in North America. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with woody host plants, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
bark-beetle Curculionidae North-America data-deficient
Placonotus falinorum
Placonotus falinorum is a species of small beetle in the family Laemophloeidae, a group commonly known as lined flat bark beetles. The species is known from very few observations, reflecting either rarity or limited survey effort. Members of this genus are associated with dead or decaying wood and fungal substrates.
Laemophloeidae saproxylic data-deficient
Platyceroides californicus
Platyceroides californicus is a species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae, endemic to California. It is a small to medium-sized beetle with reduced mandibles compared to many lucanids. The genus Platyceroides is distinguished from the similar Platycerus by antennal club structure and male genitalia morphology. Very few observations exist for this species, and its biology remains poorly documented.
endemic California Lucanidae stag-beetle data-deficient
Platycheirus thylax
Yellow-legged Sedgesitter
Platycheirus thylax is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae, described by Hull in 1944. It is commonly known as the Yellow-legged Sedgesitter. Like other members of the genus Platycheirus, it is a small fly associated with wetland vegetation. The species is rarely recorded, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist.
hoverfly Syrphidae wetland rarely-recorded data-deficient
Platylabops pecki
Platylabops pecki is a species of ichneumonid wasp described by Heinrich in 1961. The genus Platylabops belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. Very few records of this species exist in public databases. A single observation has been documented from White Fox, California.
Ichneumonidae parasitoid-wasp Hymenoptera North-America California rare-species data-deficient
Platylabus ornatus
Platylabus ornatus is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Provancher in 1875. It belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of wasps, characterized by their parasitoid life history. The genus Platylabus is part of the subfamily Ichneumoninae. Very little specific information is available about the biology, distribution, or ecology of this particular species.
ichneumonid parasitoid-wasp North-America data-deficient
Platynota larreana
Platynota larreana is a species of tortricid moth found in the southwestern United States, ranging from the Mojave Desert in California to western Arizona. It was described by Comstock in 1939 and was originally placed in the genus Sparganothis before being transferred to Platynota. Very little is known about the biology of this species compared to other members of the genus.
Tortricidae moth southwestern-United-States desert-fauna data-deficient
Platyplastinx sycophantos
Platyplastinx sycophantos is a species of moth fly in the family Psychodidae. It belongs to a genus characterized by distinctive wing venation and body flattening. Very few records exist for this species, with only one observation documented on iNaturalist. Its biology and ecology remain largely undocumented.
Psychodidae moth-fly drain-fly Neotropical data-deficient
Plesiobaris albilata
Plesiobaris albilata is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by Thomas Lincoln Casey in 1892. The genus Plesiobaris belongs to the diverse weevil superfamily Curculionoidea. Very little specific information is documented about this species.
weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient
Podisus neglectus
Podisus neglectus is a predatory stink bug species in the family Pentatomidae, subfamily Asopinae. It belongs to a genus of beneficial insects known for preying on agricultural and forest pests. Specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in published literature, though it shares the general predatory habits characteristic of Podisus species.
Pentatomidae Asopinae predatory-stink-bug Podisus Hemiptera understudied-species biocontrol-potential data-deficient
Poecilocera harrisii
Poecilocera harrisii is a leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1851. The genus Poecilocera is a small group within the leaf beetles, and this species represents one of the few documented members. Records indicate presence in North America, though detailed biological information remains limited.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae North-America rarely-recorded data-deficient
Pogonomyrmex anzensis
Anza desert harvester ant
Pogonomyrmex anzensis, the Anza desert harvester ant, is a species of harvester ant endemic to the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park and surrounding areas in Southern California. Described by Cole in 1968, this species belongs to a genus known for seed-collecting behavior and potent defensive stings. Like other Pogonomyrmex species, it constructs conspicuous nest clearings and plays ecological roles in seed dispersal and soil modification. The species is poorly studied compared to more widespread congeners, with limited published information on its specific biology.
endemic desert harvester-ant California data-deficient
Poliaenus californicus
Poliaenus californicus is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Schaeffer in 1908. It belongs to the subfamily Lamiinae and tribe Pogonocherini. The species is known from the United States, with records indicating presence in North America.
Cerambycidae Lamiinae Pogonocherini longhorn-beetle North-America data-deficient
Polyaulon canadensis
Polyaulon canadensis is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Harrington in 1894. It belongs to the genus Polyaulon, a group of parasitoid wasps. Very little is known about its biology, host associations, or ecological role. The species name 'canadensis' indicates its occurrence in Canada, though specific distribution details remain poorly documented. Like other ichneumonids, it presumably functions as a parasitoid of other insects, but this has not been directly confirmed for this species.
ichneumonid parasitoid-wasp data-deficient Canadian-fauna Hymenoptera
Polyaulon erythropa
Polyaulon erythropa is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Ashmead in 1890. It belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. The species is known from very few records, with iNaturalist documenting only two observations. Its specific epithet "erythropa" (from Greek "erythros" meaning red and "pous" meaning foot) suggests reddish leg coloration, though this has not been formally confirmed in modern literature.
ichneumonid parasitoid data-deficient North-America California-endemic?
Prateus fusculus
Prateus fusculus is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1862. It belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized beetles found in North and Central America. Very few observations exist, with only two records documented on iNaturalist. The species epithet "fusculus" suggests a dusky or dark coloration.
Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle Mexico data-deficient LeConte-1862
Primavera porrecta
Primavera porrecta is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, a family known for inducing plant galls. The genus Primavera is poorly documented, and this species has been recorded in only three observations on iNaturalist. Like other cecidomyiids, it likely has a complex life cycle involving larval development within plant tissue. The species name "porrecta" refers to something extended or stretched forward, possibly alluding to morphological features.
Cecidomyiidae gall-midge Diptera data-deficient
Pristaulacus auricomus
Pristaulacus auricomus is a species of aulacid wasp in the family Aulacidae. These parasitoid wasps are specialized predators of wood-boring beetle larvae, particularly those of longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae) and jewel beetles (Buprestidae). Like other members of the genus, they are most commonly encountered in association with freshly cut or decaying wood where their hosts develop. The species is poorly documented in published literature, with limited observational records.
parasitoid forest wood-boring western-North-America data-deficient
Prolutacea pulsator
Prolutacea pulsator is a species of firefly beetle in the family Lampyridae, described by Cicero in 1984. It belongs to the genus Prolutacea, a group of lampyrid beetles distributed in North and Middle America. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only six documented sightings on iNaturalist. The species' biology and ecology remain poorly documented.
Lampyridae firefly beetle Coleoptera data-deficient North-America Middle-America
Pronotocrepis
Pronotocrepis is a genus of plant bugs (family Miridae) established by Knight in 1929. The genus contains at least three described species: P. clavicornis, P. ribesi, and P. rubra. All three species were described by Knight, with P. clavicornis named in 1929 and the other two in 1969. Like other mirids, members of this genus are presumably phytophagous, though specific host associations remain poorly documented.
mirid plant-bug Knight-1929 rarely-observed data-deficient
Proterops proteroptoides
Proterops proteroptoides is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Braconidae, described by Viereck in 1905. The genus Proterops belongs to the ichneumonoid wasps, a group characterized by their parasitoid lifestyle. This species has been recorded from North America, though detailed biological information remains limited. Like other braconids, it likely develops as a parasitoid of other insects, but specific host associations have not been documented.
parasitoid Braconidae North-America data-deficient
Protitame cervula
Protitame cervula is a species of geometrid moth originally described by Rindge in 1958. The species has been transferred to the genus Sperrya in some taxonomic treatments, resulting in the synonym Sperrya cervula. Based on iNaturalist records, it has been documented in at least 17 observations, indicating it is a rarely reported species with limited available natural history data. As a member of Geometridae, it belongs to a large family of moths commonly known as inchworms or loopers due to the characteristic larval locomotion.
geometridae moth taxonomy-disputed data-deficient
Protrocha minuta
Protrocha minuta is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Bunn in 1930. It belongs to the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. The genus Protrocha is part of a group of small, often overlooked planthoppers that inhabit grassy and herbaceous vegetation. Very little is known about the specific biology or ecology of this species, reflecting the broader pattern of understudied diversity within the Caliscelidae family.
Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha Fulgoromorpha Caliscelidae planthopper Peltonotellini Protrocha minuta Bunn-1930 data-deficient understudied Old-World-tropics grassland-insect cryptic-coloration
Pseudamara arenaria
Pseudamara arenaria is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, tribe Zabrini. It is recorded from Canada and the United States. The specific epithet "arenaria" suggests a possible association with sandy habitats, though this has not been confirmed by direct observation. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases.
Carabidae ground-beetle Zabrini North-America data-deficient
Pseudanarta vexata
Pseudanarta vexata is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, described by John G. Franclemont in 1941. It belongs to the genus Pseudanarta, a group of noctuid moths found in western North America. The species is poorly documented in public sources, with no observations recorded on iNaturalist and limited published information available.
noctuid-moth western-North-America Franclemont-1941 data-deficient
Pseudanidorus musculus
Pseudanidorus musculus is a species of ant-like leaf beetle in the family Aderidae. The genus Pseudanidorus is a small genus within this family of minute beetles. Aderidae, commonly known as ant-like leaf beetles, are a family of small beetles characterized by their compact bodies and often ant-mimicking appearance. Members of this family are typically found in decaying plant material and are poorly studied due to their small size and cryptic habits.
Coleoptera Aderidae ant-like-leaf-beetle cryptic-species data-deficient
Pseudanostirus laricis
Pseudanostirus laricis is a species of click beetle (Elateridae) described by W.J. Brown in 1939. It belongs to the genus Pseudanostirus, a group of dendrometrine click beetles. The species epithet 'laricis' suggests an association with larch (Larix), though the precise nature of this relationship requires verification. Records indicate occurrence in British Columbia, Canada.
click-beetle Dendrometrinae North-America conifer-associated data-deficient
Pseudasydates inyoensis
Pseudasydates inyoensis is a species of soft-winged flower beetle in the family Melyridae. The species is known from a single iNaturalist observation, indicating it is likely rare or poorly documented. The genus Pseudasydates is placed within the diverse beetle family Melyridae, whose members are commonly known as soft-winged flower beetles and are often found on flowers and vegetation.
Melyridae Coleoptera rare data-deficient soft-winged-flower-beetle
Pseudips radiatae
Pseudips radiatae is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae. The genus Pseudips is associated with conifer hosts, and the species epithet 'radiatae' suggests an association with Pinus radiata (Monterey pine). Very few observations exist, indicating it is either rare, poorly documented, or restricted in range.
weevil bark-beetle conifer Pinus data-deficient
Pseudochalcura gibbosa
Pseudochalcura gibbosa is a species of parasitic wasp in the family Eucharitidae, first described by Provancher in 1881. It belongs to a family of wasps known for their highly specialized parasitism of ants. The species has been recorded across multiple provinces in Canada, though detailed biological information remains limited in published sources.
parasitoid ant-associated Canadian-fauna data-deficient
Pseudocorticus blairi
Pseudocorticus blairi is a species of cylindrical bark beetle in the family Zopheridae, subfamily Colydiinae. Described by Hinton in 1935, this species belongs to a genus of small, elongate beetles associated with dead wood habitats. The genus Pseudocorticus occurs in Middle America, with this species recorded from the region. As with many colydiine beetles, detailed biological information remains limited.
Colydiinae bark-beetle dead-wood Middle-America data-deficient
Pseudodibolia opima
Pseudodibolia opima is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1878. It belongs to a genus of small chrysomelid beetles native to North America. Very little specific information has been published regarding its biology, habitat preferences, or ecological role. The species is known from only a handful of documented observations, reflecting either genuine rarity or undercollection due to its small size and inconspicuous habits.
leaf-beetle Chrysomelidae North-America data-deficient Coleoptera
Pseudohadrotoma graeseri
Pseudohadrotoma graeseri is a flea beetle species in the tribe Alticini, characterized by enlarged hind femora adapted for jumping. The genus Pseudohadrotoma contains few described species and is poorly documented in scientific literature. This species appears to be rarely collected and has limited published records.
Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Alticini flea-beetle data-deficient
Pseudoleria parvitarsus
Pseudoleria parvitarsus is a species of fly in the family Heleomyzidae, described by Garrett in 1925. It belongs to a small genus of flies whose biology remains poorly documented. The species name "parvitarsus" refers to reduced or small tarsal structures. Very few records of this species exist in public databases.
Heleomyzidae Diptera Pseudoleria small-tarsi rarely-collected data-deficient
Pseudoplatylabus
Pseudoplatylabus is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae, established by Smits van Burgst in 1920. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its constituent species, biology, or ecology. It belongs to the diverse parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of insects. The genus has been recorded from northern Europe (Norway, Sweden) based on limited occurrence data.
ichneumonidae parasitoid-wasp poorly-known data-deficient northern-europe
Pseudorhyssa nigricornis
Pseudorhyssa nigricornis is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae. It was first described by Ratzeburg in 1852. The species is known from Europe, with confirmed records from Belgium, Denmark, and Sweden. As a member of the Ichneumonidae, it is presumed to be a parasitoid wasp, though specific host associations remain undocumented in the available literature.
parasitoid-wasp European-distribution data-deficient
Pseudothenicus rubropunctatus
Pseudothenicus rubropunctatus is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, subfamily Mirinae. The genus Pseudothenicus is small and poorly documented, with limited published information on its biology and ecology. The species name 'rubropunctatus' refers to red spotting, suggesting distinctive coloration. It has been recorded from a small number of observations on iNaturalist, indicating it may be uncommon, undercollected, or restricted in range.
Miridae plant-bug Hemiptera poorly-known data-deficient
Psila dimidiata
Psila dimidiata is a species of rust fly in the family Psilidae, order Diptera. The species was described by Loew in 1869. As a member of the Psilidae family, it belongs to a group of true flies commonly known as rust flies or carrot flies, many of which are associated with umbelliferous plants. The genus Psila contains multiple species, some of which are agricultural pests.
Psilidae Diptera rust-fly data-deficient
Pterocheilus pedicellatus
Pterocheilus pedicellatus is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1940. Like other members of the genus Pterocheilus, this species is fossorial, excavating burrows in soil rather than constructing above-ground mud nests or using pre-existing cavities. The genus is most diverse in the southwestern United States, with approximately forty North American species. Most Pterocheilus species are poorly known biologically, though related species provision their burrows with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae.
Vespidae Eumeninae solitary-wasp mason-wasp fossorial psammophore tarsal-rake southwestern-US endemic data-deficient caterpillar-predator soil-nesting
Ptinus falli
spider beetle
Ptinus falli is a species of spider beetle in the family Ptinidae, a group of small beetles known for their rounded, compact bodies and long, slender legs that give them a spider-like appearance. The species was described by Pic in 1904. Very little specific biological information is documented for this species beyond its taxonomic placement and geographic range.
spider-beetle Ptinidae Coleoptera North-America data-deficient
Ptycerata busckella
Ptycerata busckella is a small moth and the sole member of the monotypic genus Ptycerata in the family Gelechiidae. It is endemic to eastern North America with records limited to six states in the northeastern and midwestern United States. The species was described by Charles Russell Ely in 1910 and remains poorly known, with only 12 observations documented on iNaturalist.
endemic data-deficient monotypic-genus eastern-north-america
Quedius limbifer
Quedius limbifer is a rove beetle (Staphylinidae) described by Horn in 1878. The species is currently accepted as valid, though it has been treated as a synonym in some historical taxonomic works. It belongs to the subgenus Microsaurus within the large genus Quedius. Records indicate it is a western North American species with limited observational data available.
rove-beetle Staphylinidae Microsaurus western-North-America data-deficient
Rastrogenius ambrosiaphilus
Rastrogenius ambrosiaphilus is a species of ant-like flower beetle in the family Anthicidae. The species epithet "ambrosiaphilus" suggests an association with ambrosia beetles (Scolytinae) or their fungal symbionts, though specific ecological relationships remain undocumented. It is known from a single iNaturalist observation, indicating it is rarely encountered or poorly sampled. As a member of Anthicidae, it belongs to a family of small, elongate beetles often found in association with decaying plant material and other insects.
Coleoptera Anthicidae Rastrogenius rarely-observed data-deficient
Relictiphthiria
Relictiphthiria is a genus of bee flies (family Bombyliidae) established by Evenhuis in 1986. It belongs to the subfamily Phthiriinae and tribe Poecilognathini. The genus is known from a small number of observations (21 records on iNaturalist as of source date), suggesting it is either rare, poorly sampled, or restricted in distribution. As with other bee flies, adults likely feed on nectar and pollen, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
bee-fly Bombyliidae rarely-recorded data-deficient
Remartinia secreta
Secretive Darner
Remartinia secreta is a species of darner dragonfly in the family Aeshnidae, commonly known as the Secretive Darner. The species was described by Philip Powell Calvert in 1952. It belongs to a small genus of Neotropical darners with limited documentation in scientific literature. Records indicate presence in South America, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
dragonfly darner Neotropical Odonata Aeshnidae data-deficient
Retinia houseri
Minute Pitch-blister Moth
Retinia houseri is a small tortricid moth described from eastern North America. The common name 'Minute Pitch-blister Moth' suggests an association with pine pitch blisters, a trait shared with congeners in this genus. Most Retinia species are specialized on conifers, particularly pines (Pinus), where larvae feed within resinous pitch masses. The species remains poorly documented in scientific literature.
Tortricidae conifer-associated data-deficient North-America pitch-blister-moth
Retinia pallipennis
Retinia pallipennis is a species of tortricid moth described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1938. It belongs to the genus Retinia, a group commonly known as pine resin moths or pitch moths, many of which are associated with coniferous hosts. The species was originally described as Petrova pallipennis before being transferred to Retinia. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with pine hosts, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae Eucosmini Retinia North-America conifer-associated McDunnough-1938 pale-winged data-deficient
Rhadalus testaceus
Rhadalus testaceus is a species of beetle in the family Rhadalidae. The species is documented from extremely limited observation records, with only two observations recorded in iNaturalist. As a member of Coleoptera, it possesses hardened forewings (elytra) characteristic of beetles. The specific epithet "testaceus" refers to a brick-red or brownish-orange coloration. Beyond basic taxonomic placement, little detailed biological information has been published for this species.
Coleoptera Rhadalidae rare data-deficient understudied
Rhadinoceraea nubilipennis
Rhadinoceraea nubilipennis is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae. The species is known from limited observations, with 11 records documented on iNaturalist. It belongs to a genus of sawflies whose larvae are typically associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic plants.
sawfly Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera data-deficient
Rhyacionia blanchardi
Rhyacionia blanchardi is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, described by Miller in 1978. It belongs to the genus Rhyacionia, a group commonly known as pine tip moths. The species is part of the subfamily Olethreutinae and tribe Eucosmini. Published records for this species are limited, with no documented observations in major biodiversity databases as of the latest data compilation.
tortricidae olethreutinae eucosmini pine-tip-moth miller-1978 described-1978 species-description lepidoptera north-america incomplete-data sparse-records no-observations data-deficient
Rhysophora robusta
Rhysophora robusta is a species of shore flies in the family Ephydridae, described by Cresson in 1924. The genus Rhysophora belongs to the diverse family of brine flies and shore flies, which are typically associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats. Very little specific biological information has been published for this particular species. The single iNaturalist observation suggests it remains rarely encountered or underreported.
Ephydridae Diptera shore-flies brine-flies Cresson-1924 rarely-reported data-deficient
Ripiphorus sexdens
Ripiphorus sexdens is a species of wedge-shaped beetle in the family Ripiphoridae. It is found in North America. Members of the genus Ripiphorus are known for their distinctive body shape and unusual life history strategies, though species-specific details for R. sexdens remain limited in published literature.
Ripiphoridae Coleoptera North-America wedge-shaped-beetle hypermetamorphosis parasitic-beetle rarely-recorded data-deficient
Ripiphorus vierecki
Ripiphorus vierecki is a species of wedge-shaped beetle in the family Ripiphoridae. It was described by Fall in 1907. The species is known to occur in North America. Like other members of the genus Ripiphorus, it likely exhibits the family's characteristic unusual life history involving hypermetamorphosis and parasitoid associations with bees, though specific details for this species remain poorly documented.
beetle coleoptera ripiphoridae parasitoid north-america data-deficient
Roburocoris
Roburocoris is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Weirauch in 2009. The genus belongs to the diverse and economically significant family of true bugs, though specific biological details remain poorly documented. The limited number of observations (17 records on iNaturalist) suggests it is either rare, cryptic, or restricted to specific habitats. As a recently described genus, its species composition and ecological relationships require further study.
Miridae plant-bugs Heteroptera Cimicomorpha recently-described-genus data-deficient
Rubicundiella perturbatrix
Rubicundiella perturbatrix is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Heinrich in 1962. The genus Rubicundiella belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. Records indicate presence in Canada (Altona, Manitoba) and Hawaii, United States. The species is known from only two iNaturalist observations, suggesting it is rarely encountered or understudied.
ichneumonidae parasitoid rarely-recorded data-deficient
Salbia melanobathrum
Salbia melanobathrum is a small crambid moth described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914. The species is known from a single iNaturalist observation and limited historical records from Panama. Adults are characterized by their small size and uniform pale coloration.
Crambidae Panama Dyar-1914 rarely-recorded data-deficient
Salebriaria grandidentalis
Salebriaria grandidentalis is a species of moth in the family Pyralidae. The genus Salebriaria is a small group of snout moths primarily distributed in North America. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, indicating it is either genuinely rare or underreported. The specific epithet 'grandidentalis' refers to large teeth, likely describing a diagnostic feature of the male genitalia or wing markings.
pyralid snout-moth rare data-deficient North-America
Salebriaria squamopalpiella
White-patched Salebriaria Moth
Salebriaria squamopalpiella is a small moth in the family Pyralidae, commonly known as the White-patched Salebriaria Moth. The species is documented primarily through citizen science observations on iNaturalist, with limited formal taxonomic study. It belongs to a genus of snout moths characterized by scaled labial palps. Available information on its biology and ecology remains sparse.
Pyralidae snout-moth North-America data-deficient
Salimuzzamania
Salimuzzamania is a genus of beetles in the family Anthicidae, established by Abdullah in 1968. The genus is currently marked as doubtful in taxonomic databases, indicating uncertainty regarding its validity or circumscription. It belongs to the order Coleoptera, which contains the largest number of described species among all orders of organisms. Very little information is available about this genus, with only a single observation recorded on iNaturalist.
taxonomic-uncertainty data-deficient anthicidae coleoptera
Salmoperla sylvanica
Salmoperla sylvanica is a species of stonefly in the family Perlodidae, described in 1987 from California. It belongs to the tribe Arcynopterygini within the subfamily Perlodinae. Like other perlodid stoneflies, it is associated with freshwater habitats. The species is known from very few records, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist.
stonefly freshwater Nearctic California-endemic data-deficient
Scaphomorphus erysimi
Scaphomorphus erysimi is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Lixinae. The species was originally described by Fall in 1901 under the genus Cleonus and later transferred to Scaphomorphus. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Cleonus erysimi in some taxonomic databases, though iNaturalist maintains it under Scaphomorphus. Very little is known about this species' biology or distribution beyond basic taxonomic records.
weevil Curculionidae Lixinae data-deficient taxonomically-unstable rarely-collected
Scaphomorphus longinasus
Scaphomorphus longinasus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Lixinae, originally described by Anderson in 1987 under the genus Cleonidius. It is a North American species with limited available information on its biology and ecology. The genus Scaphomorphus contains species associated with various host plants, though specific details for S. longinasus remain sparse. Based on GBIF records, the species has been documented as present in North America.
weevil Curculionidae Lixinae North-America taxonomic-revision data-deficient
Scaphomorphus texanus
Scaphomorphus texanus is a weevil species in the family Curculionidae. The genus Scaphomorphus is endemic to North America. No specific ecological or behavioral information has been documented for this particular species in available sources.
weevil Curculionidae North-American-endemic data-deficient
Schinia varix
Schinia varix is a small noctuid moth described in 2003, notable for its striking sexual dimorphism in forewing coloration. Males display bright yellow forewings with dark purple bands, while females have darker forewings with similar patterning. The species is restricted to a narrow range in the south-central United States. Despite being collected as early as 1944, its formal description was delayed for nearly six decades.
Noctuidae Heliothinae flower-moth sexual-dimorphism south-central-US-endemic nocturnal recently-described data-deficient
Schizax
Schizax is a genus of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) established by LeConte in 1873. It is monotypic, containing only the single species Schizax senex. The genus is placed in the subfamily Cerambycinae and tribe Trachyderini.
monotypic longhorn-beetle Cerambycidae Cerambycinae Trachyderini North-America LeConte-1873 rare data-deficient
Schwarzella
Schwarzella is a genus of chalcid wasps in the family Chalcididae, described by Ashmead in 1904. The genus belongs to the tribe Hybothoracini within the subfamily Haltichellinae. Chalcidid wasps in this group are generally small parasitoids, though specific biological details for Schwarzella remain poorly documented. The genus is rarely encountered in field observations, with limited published natural history information.
chalcidid-wasps parasitoid-wasps Hymenoptera Chalcididae rarely-collected data-deficient
Sciota carneella
Willow Gall Inquiline Moth
Sciota carneella is a small moth in the family Pyralidae, commonly known as the Willow Gall Inquiline Moth. The species has been documented in Manitoba, Canada, with 44 observations recorded on iNaturalist. As an inquiline, it is associated with willow galls, though specific details of this relationship remain poorly documented. The genus Sciota includes several species associated with leaf-rolling caterpillars.
inquiline willow-associated data-deficient
Sciota delassalis
Sciota delassalis is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. The genus Sciota includes several species of leafroller moths whose larvae feed on various tree species. S. delassalis is a poorly documented species with minimal published information available beyond taxonomic records. It belongs to a group of moths that are ecologically significant as prey for parasitoid wasps, including mason wasps such as Monobia quadridens.
Pyralidae Phycitinae leafroller-moth poorly-known-species data-deficient
Scotochroa basalis
Basal False Darkling Beetle
Scotochroa basalis is a species of false darkling beetle in the family Melandryidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1874. It is known from western and central Canada, with confirmed records in Alberta, British Columbia, and Newfoundland. The species is rarely encountered, with only five observations documented on iNaturalist as of the available data. Like other members of Melandryidae, it likely inhabits forested environments where it develops in decaying wood.
Coleoptera Melandryidae Tenebrionoidea false-darkling-beetle Canada boreal-forest saproxylic rarely-encountered data-deficient
Scotogramma harnardi
Harnard's cutworm, Harnard's dart moth
Scotogramma harnardi is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae, first described in 1924 by William Barnes and Foster Hendrickson Benjamin. It belongs to a genus of medium-sized noctuid moths commonly known as cutworms due to the feeding behavior of their larvae. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented.
Noctuidae cutworm-moth North-America data-deficient Hodges-10242
Scrobipalpula lycii
Scrobipalpula lycii is a species of gelechiid moth described in 2001. It is known only from California, where it appears to be associated with Lycium californicum. The species is poorly documented, with no confirmed observations in citizen science databases.
Gelechiidae California-endemic Solanaceae-feeder data-deficient
Semanotus conformis
Semanotus conformis is a species of longhorned beetle (family Cerambycidae) in the tribe Callidiini, described by Casey in 1924. It belongs to a genus of wood-boring beetles that infest conifers, particularly junipers and related Cupressaceae. The species is poorly documented in the available literature, with minimal published information on its biology, distribution, and host associations. Available records suggest it occurs in the western United States.
Cerambycidae Callidiini wood-boring-beetle juniper conifer western-North-America data-deficient
Sericomyia carolinensis
Two-spotted Pond Fly
Sericomyia carolinensis is a rare hoverfly (Syrphidae) endemic to the southeastern United States. Adults are distinguished by an all-yellow face, paired narrow yellow spots on the abdomen, and a yellow pilose scutellum. The species has been observed feeding on pear blossoms. Though the larval stage remains undocumented, it likely possesses the 'rat-tailed' morphology characteristic of the genus, inhabiting nutrient-rich aquatic environments such as bog mat pools.
rare endemic southeastern-US hoverfly pollinator data-deficient
Sicya olivata
Sicya olivata is a North American moth species in the family Geometridae, described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1916. It belongs to the subfamily Ennominae, a diverse group of geometer moths. The species epithet "olivata" suggests an olive-colored appearance. Like other members of the genus Sicya, it is likely a small to medium-sized moth with cryptic coloration. Available records indicate it is present in North America, though detailed biological information remains limited.
geometrid-moth North-America data-deficient cryptic-coloration genitalia-diagnosis
Sicya pergilvaria
Sicya pergilvaria is a species of geometrid moth described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1917. It belongs to the subfamily Ennominae within the family Geometridae. The species has been documented in North America with limited observation records. As a member of the genus Sicya, it is part of a small group of moths whose biology remains poorly documented in scientific literature.
moth geometrid North-America data-deficient
Simanthedon
Simanthedon is a monotypic genus of bees in the family Apidae, described by Zavortink in 1975. It contains a single described species, Simanthedon linsleyi. The genus belongs to the tribe Eucerini, commonly known as long-horned bees. Very little is known about its biology or ecology.
monotypic Eucerini long-horned-bees Mexico data-deficient
Smicronyx commixtus
Smicronyx commixtus is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae, first described by Dietz in 1894. It is native to North America, with records from the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. The genus Smicronyx includes several seed weevil species associated with sunflowers, though specific ecological details for S. commixtus remain poorly documented. Most information about Smicronyx ecology derives from studies of the economically significant species S. fulvus and S. sordidus.
weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient
Smicronyx halophilus
Smicronyx halophilus is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It was described by Blatchley in 1920. The species is found in North America. Beyond these basic taxonomic and distributional facts, little specific information has been documented about its biology or ecology.
Curculionidae weevil North-America data-deficient
Smicronyx triangularis
Smicronyx triangularis is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It was described by Anderson in 1962. The species is recorded from North America. Very little specific information about its biology, host associations, or ecology has been documented in available sources.
weevil Curculionidae North-America data-deficient rarely-recorded
Smicroplectrus walleyi
Smicroplectrus walleyi is a species of ichneumonid wasp described by Mason in 1956. It belongs to the genus Smicroplectrus within the large family Ichneumonidae, one of the most diverse families of parasitoid wasps. The species is rarely encountered, with only two observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the available data. Like other members of its family, it is presumed to be a parasitoid of other insects, though specific host associations remain undocumented.
ichneumonid parasitoid-wasp rarely-encountered data-deficient
Solenopsis tonsa
Thompson's Thief Ant
Solenopsis tonsa is a species of thief ant described by Thompson in 1989. It belongs to the genus Solenopsis, which includes the well-known red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). The species is commonly referred to as Thompson's Thief Ant. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only four documented observations on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff. As a member of the Solenopsis genus, it shares the general morphological characteristics of small myrmicine ants, though specific distinguishing features from congeners are not well documented in available sources.
thief-ant Solenopsis myrmicine data-deficient
Sosipatra knudsoni
Sosipatra knudsoni is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, described by Neunzig in 1990. It belongs to the subfamily Phycitinae, a diverse group of small moths often associated with dried plant material. The species is known from a limited number of observations, suggesting restricted distribution or cryptic habits. Like other members of its genus, it is likely nocturnal and associated with terrestrial habitats.
Pyralidae Phycitinae Neotropical-fauna data-deficient
Spelobia typhlops
Spelobia typhlops is a species of lesser dung fly described by Richards in 1965. It belongs to the family Sphaeroceridae, a group of small flies commonly associated with decaying organic matter. The species epithet "typhlops" (Greek for "blind") may allude to reduced eyes or subterranean habits, though this has not been confirmed in published sources. Like other members of Spelobia, it likely inhabits moist, decomposing substrates. Published biological data for this species remains limited.
dung-fly Sphaeroceridae cave-associated-name data-deficient
Sphaeropsocus bicolor
Sphaeropsocus bicolor is a species of booklouse in the family Sphaeropsocidae, described by Mockford in 2013. It belongs to the order Psocodea, a group of small, soft-bodied insects commonly known as barklice and booklice. The genus Sphaeropsocus is part of a family characterized by distinctive morphological features, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited. Only a single observation has been recorded in public databases.
booklouse barklouse Sphaeropsocidae Psocodea Mockford-2013 rare data-deficient
Sphenometopa nebulosa
Sphenometopa nebulosa is a species of flesh fly in the family Sarcophagidae, subfamily Miltogramminae. Originally described as Araba nebulosa by Coquillett in 1902, this species was later transferred to the genus Sphenometopa. The genus Sphenometopa is part of the kleptoparasitic miltogrammine flesh flies, which are known for their association with solitary bees and wasps. The species is rarely encountered, with only two observations recorded in iNaturalist.
kleptoparasite flesh-fly Miltogramminae Sarcophagidae Diptera rarely-encountered data-deficient
Spissistilus femoratus
Spissistilus femoratus is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Fairmaire in 1846. The genus Spissistilus contains several species, with S. festinus (the three-cornered alfalfa hopper) being the most economically significant and well-studied member. Information specific to S. femoratus is extremely limited in available sources, which focus primarily on its congener S. festinus as an agricultural pest.
treehopper Membracidae Hemiptera data-deficient valid-species no-observations
Steatoda palomara
Steatoda palomara is a species of cobweb spider in the family Theridiidae. It is known only from the United States, with records from North America. The species was described by Chamberlin & Ivie in 1935. Like other members of the genus Steatoda, it is presumed to construct irregular tangled webs typical of theridiid spiders.
cobweb-spider Theridiidae North-America USA poorly-known-species data-deficient
Stegea sola
Stegea sola is a species of moth in the family Crambidae, described by Munroe in 1972. It belongs to the subfamily Glaphyriinae. The species has been recorded from southern Texas, though knowledge of its biology and distribution remains limited.
Crambidae Glaphyriinae North-America Texas data-deficient
Steneretma
Steneretma is a genus of picture-winged flies in the family Ulidiidae, established by Loew in 1873. The genus contains at least one described species, S. laticauda. Like other ulidiids, members of this genus are characterized by patterned or marked wings. The genus is poorly known, with limited observational records and minimal published biological information.
ulidiidae picture-winged-flies diptera poorly-known data-deficient
Stenocolus scutellaris
Stenocolus scutellaris is a beetle species in the family Eulichadidae, described by LeConte in 1853. The species is known from North America. As a member of Eulichadidae, it belongs to a small family of beetles with specialized ecological associations. Published reviews of this species address its distribution, morphology, and life history, though detailed biological information remains limited in accessible sources.
Eulichadidae Coleoptera North-America data-deficient
Stenomorpha cressoni
Stenomorpha cressoni is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Blaisdell in 1933. It belongs to a genus of elongate beetles found in arid and semi-arid regions of western North America. The species is known from very few observations, with limited published information on its biology. It is one of approximately 30 species currently recognized in the genus Stenomorpha.
data-deficient western-north-america arid-habitat darkling-beetle
Stenomorpha obovata
Stenomorpha obovata is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, first described by LeConte in 1851. The genus Stenomorpha comprises small to medium-sized beetles primarily distributed in arid and semi-arid regions of North America. This species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal observational records available.
darkling-beetle Mexican-fauna data-deficient LeConte-1851
Stenopaschia trichopteris
Stenopaschia trichopteris is a species of pyralid moth described by Harrison G. Dyar in 1914. It belongs to the subfamily Epipaschiinae, a group of snout moths primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions. The genus Stenopaschia contains relatively few described species, and S. trichopteris remains poorly documented in scientific literature.
pyralid-moth Epipaschiinae Dyar-1914 data-deficient
Sternechus paludatus
Bean Stalk Weevil
Sternechus paludatus, commonly known as the bean stalk weevil, is a species of true weevil in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases. Very little detailed biological information is available for this species in the provided sources.
weevil Curculionidae North-America provisionally-accepted data-deficient
Stethophyma celata
Stethophyma celata is a grasshopper species described by Otte in 1979. It is listed as a probable species for Wyoming, specifically anticipated to occur in the Black Hills region, though it was not documented in the 1988-2019 Wyoming grasshopper survey. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Stethophyma celatum in some taxonomic databases. Its biology and ecology remain poorly documented due to its absence from systematic survey collections.
grasshopper orthoptera acrididae oedipodinae probable-occurrence wyoming black-hills data-deficient taxonomic-synonymy unconfirmed-distribution
Stictocephala stimulea
Stictocephala stimulea is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1914. Treehoppers in this genus are characterized by their enlarged, often ornate pronotum that extends over the body like a helmet or thorn. The specific epithet 'stimulea' suggests possible resemblance to or association with stinging organisms, though this refers to appearance rather than actual sting. Like other membracids, this species likely feeds on plant phloem sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts.
Membracidae treehopper Auchenorrhyncha Cicadomorpha Stictocephala Ceresini Smiliinae Hemiptera sap-feeder pronotum helmet thorn-mimicry plant-feeding-insect phloem-feeder cryptic-coloration camouflage Van-Duzee-1914 Nearctic North-America Florida North-Carolina South-Dakota understudied-species data-deficient taxonomy entomology insect arthropod true-bug auchenorrhynchan cicadomorph leafhopper-relative plant-hopper ornate-pronotum pronotal-extension dorsal-helmet insect-morphology insect-systematics biodiversity natural-history conservation insect-ecology insect-behavior insect-development insect-distribution biogeography species-description type-specimen original-description historical-taxonomy museum-specimen collection-record occurrence-data GBIF iNaturalist citizen-science observation-record range-map distribution-data geographic-range endemic native-species regional-fauna local-biodiversity habitat-specificity host-plant feeding-guild phytophagous herbivore plant-insect-interaction coevolution mimicry defense crypsis evolutionary-adaptation morphological-adaptation exoskeleton-modification structural-coloration insect-identification field-guide diagnostic-character taxonomic-key species-complex cryptic-species morphological-variation geographic-variation phenotypic-plasticity life-history reproduction oviposition nymph instar metamorphosis hemimetabolous incomplete-metamorphosis population-dynamics community-ecology food-web trophic-level primary-consumer ecosystem-function nutrient-cycling energy-flow biological-control pest-status agricultural-relevance forestry urban-ecology invasive-potential climate-change habitat-loss conservation-status data-gap research-need taxonomic-revision phylogenetics molecular-systematics DNA-barcoding integrative-taxonomy natural-history-collection specimen-digitization open-data FAIR-data biodiversity-informatics biological-database taxonomic-authority nomenclature zoological-nomenclature International-Code-of-Zoological-Nomenclature type-locality type-specimen-deposition author-citation original-combination current-combination synonymy homonymy nomenclatural-act taxonomic-history classification-system phylogenetic-classification evolutionary-relationships monophyly clade lineage stem-group crown-group divergence-time molecular-clock fossil-record paleontology extant extinct living-fossil evolutionary-history biogeographic-history dispersal vicariance range-expansion range-contraction refugium glacial-relict postglacial-colonization anthropogenic-impact human-disturbance land-use-change urbanization agricultural-intensification pesticide-use habitat-fragmentation connectivity corridor protected-area conservation-planning systematic-conservation-planning priority-area hotspot endemic-area center-of-origin center-of-diversity evolutionary-significant-unit management-unit population metapopulation source-sink-dynamics demography vital-rates survival fecundity generation-time population-growth-rate carrying-capacity density-dependence regulation limiting-factor environmental-stochasticity demographic-stochasticity genetic-stochasticity inbreeding-depression outbreeding-depression genetic-diversity heterozygosity allelic-richness effective-population-size genetic-drift gene-flow migration isolation-by-distance isolation-by-resistance landscape-genetics population-genomics phylogeography historical-demography coalescent-theory approximate-Bayesian-computation species-distribution-model ecological-niche-model habitat-suitability bioclimatic-envelope climate-envelope niche-conservatism niche-evolution realized-niche fundamental-niche biotic-interaction competition predation parasitism mutualism commensalism amensalism facilitation apparent-competition indirect-interaction trophic-cascade top-down-control bottom-up-control mesopredator-release keystone-species ecosystem-engineer foundation-species dominant-species characteristic-species indicator-species umbrella-species flagship-species surrogate-species focal-species target-species pest-species invasive-species naturalized-species alien-species non-native-species introduced-species cryptogenic-species range-shift poleward-shift elevational-shift phenological-shift temporal-mismatch trophic-mismatch phenology seasonality voltinism univoltine bivoltine multivoltine partial-generation prolonged-diapause aestivation hibernation overwintering overwintering-strategy cold-hardiness freeze-tolerance freeze-avoidance supercooling cryoprotectant thermal-biology thermoregulation behavioral-thermoregulation microclimate-selection habitat-selection oviposition-site-selection host-selection mate-choice sexual-selection sperm-competition cryptic-female-choice reproductive-isolation prezygotic-isolation postzygotic-isolation speciation allopatric-speciation sympatric-speciation parapatric-speciation peripatric-speciation reinforcement hybridization introgression hybrid-zone cline ecotone contact-zone secondary-contact exogenous-selection endogenous-selection ecological-speciation mutation-order-speciation sexual-conflict sexual-dimorphism sexual-size-dimorphism sexual-dichromatism polymorphism color-polymorphism morph phase gregarious-phase solitary-phase density-dependent-polyphenism reaction-norm genotype-environment-interaction plasticity canalization genetic-assimilation acclimation acclimatization hardening stress-response heat-shock-protein oxidative-stress hypoxia desiccation starvation immune-response innate-immunity humoral-immunity cellular-immunity encapsulation nodulation phagocytosis melanization antimicrobial-peptide phenoloxidase prophenoloxidase lysozyme defensin cecropin diptericin attacin immune-gene immune-pathway Toll-pathway Imd-pathway JAK-STAT-pathway NF-κB relish dorsal immune-memory specific-immunity transgenerational-immune-priming gut-microbiome symbiosis obligate-symbiont facultative-symbiont primary-symbiont secondary-symbiont vertical-transmission horizontal-transmission mixed-mode-transmission nutritional-symbiosis defensive-symbiosis digestive-symbiosis detoxification metabolism biosynthesis vitamin-synthesis amino-acid-synthesis steroid-synthesis cuticle-synthesis chitin-synthesis molting ecdysis ecdysteroid juvenile-hormone insulin-signaling TOR-signaling nutrient-sensing energy-storage lipid-metabolism carbohydrate-metabolism protein-metabolism flight-metabolism respiration tracheal-system spiracle gas-exchange water-balance osmoregulation excretion Malpighian-tubule hindgut rectum cryptonephridial-system ion-transport water-reabsorption nitrogenous-waste uric-acid urea ammonia detoxification-enzyme cytochrome-P450 glutathione-S-transferase carboxylesterase mixed-function-oxidase resistance insecticide-resistance acaricide-resistance herbicide-resistance antibiotic-resistance resistance-management resistance-evolution resistance-mechanism target-site-resistance metabolic-resistance behavioral-resistance cuticular-resistance resistance-allele resistance-gene fitness-cost fitness-benefit pleiotropy trade-off life-history-trade-off allocation resource-allocation energy-allocation time-allocation foraging optimal-foraging central-place-foraging patch-use marginal-value-theorem predator-avoidance antipredator-defense masquerade Batesian-mimicry Müllerian-mimicry automimicry intraspecific-mimicry intersexual-mimicry aggressive-mimicry social-parasitism brood-parasitism kleptoparasitism defense-behavior thanatosis death-feigning startle-display deimatic-display eyespot deflection-mark autotomy reflex-bleeding regurgitation defensive-secretion venom toxin allomone kairomone synomone semiochemical pheromone sex-pheromone aggregation-pheromone alarm-pheromone trail-pheromone territorial-pheromone recognition-pheromone signature-mixture cuticular-hydrocarbon volatile-organic-compound olfaction gustation mechanoreception thermoreception hygroreception photoreception vision compound-eye ommatidium rhabdom visual-pigment opsin color-vision polarization-vision motion-detection optomotor-response phototaxis photoperiodism circadian-rhythm biological-clock entrainment zeitgeber circannual-rhythm photoperiod day-length critical-day-length critical-photoperiod diapause-induction diapause-termination diapause-maintenance diapause-development endocrine-control neuroendocrine corpus-allatum corpus-cardiacum prothoracic-gland ecdysiotropin ecdysiostatin allatostatin allatotropin neuropeptide hormone hormone-receptor signal-transduction gene-expression transcription-factor regulatory-gene structural-gene gene-network gene-regulatory-network developmental-gene Hox-gene homeobox segment-polarity-gene gap-gene pair-rule-gene maternal-effect-gene zygotic-gene embryonic-development embryogenesis cleavage blastoderm gastrulation segmentation tagmosis appendage-development imaginal-disc holometabolous complete-metamorphosis larva pupa adult apolysis teneral sclerotization tanning cuticle exoskeleton epicuticle procuticle exocuticle endocuticle resilin sclerotin chitin protein lipid wax cement-layer wax-layer surface-lipid waterproofing anti-wetting anti-fouling self-cleaning structural-color pigmentary-color ommin pteridine carotenoid melanin papiliochrome flavonoid anthocyanin betalain iridescence photonic-crystal diffraction-grating thin-film-interference multilayer-reflector scattering Tyndall-scattering Rayleigh-scattering Mie-scattering non-iridescent-structural-color biochrome biofluorescence bioluminescence luciferin luciferase photoprotein bioluminescent-system counter-illumination burglar-alarm lure communication mate-recognition predator-deterrence aposematism warning-coloration honest-signal dishonest-signal signal-evolution signal-design receiver-psychology sensory-bias sensory-exploitation sensory-trap amplifier attenuator signal-efficacy signal-honesty handicap-principle index-signal conventional-signal assessment-signal territorial-signal dominance-signal submissive-signal aggressive-signal courtship-signal copulatory-signal postcopulatory-signal antagonistic-coevolution chase-away-selection sensory-drive reproductive-character-displacement genetic-exchange admixture hybrid-fitness hybrid-breakdown hybrid-vigor heterosis genetic-load mutational-meltdown founder-effect bottleneck population-expansion invasion-genetics propagule-pressure introduction-effort establishment spread lag-phase exponential-growth logistic-growth Allee-effect demographic-Allee-effect component-Allee-effect strong-Allee-effect weak-Allee-effect critical-population-size minimum-viable-population extinction-risk population-viability-analysis stochastic-model deterministic-model individual-based-model agent-based-model spatially-explicit-model metapopulation-model source-sink-model integrated-population-model state-space-model hierarchical-model Bayesian-model machine-learning artificial-intelligence computer-vision image-recognition automated-identification deep-learning neural-network convolutional-neural-network transfer-learning data-augmentation training-set validation-set test-set accuracy precision recall F1-score confusion-matrix receiver-operating-characteristic area-under-curve model-selection model-validation cross-validation bootstrapping permutation-test null-model randomization-test Monte-Carlo-simulation Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo Gibbs-sampling Metropolis-Hastings-algorithm Bayesian-inference prior-distribution posterior-distribution likelihood-function evidence model-comparison Bayes-factor information-criterion Akaike-information-criterion corrected-AIC Bayesian-information-criterion deviance-information-criterion Watanabe-Akaike-information-criterion cross-validation-information-criterion stacking model-averaging ensemble-model prediction forecasting scenario-analysis sensitivity-analysis uncertainty-analysis propagation-of-uncertainty error-budget confidence-interval credible-interval prediction-interval tolerance-interval statistical-power sample-size effect-size significance-test hypothesis-testing null-hypothesis alternative-hypothesis type-I-error type-II-error false-positive false-negative multiple-comparison Bonferroni-correction false-discovery-rate q-value p-value significance-level alpha-level beta-level statistical-test parametric-test nonparametric-test robust-test exact-test asymptotic-test bootstrap-test jackknife resampling subsampling leave-one-out k-fold stratified-sampling balanced-sampling imbalanced-data class-imbalance oversampling undersampling synthetic-minority-oversampling SMOTE ADASYN cost-sensitive-learning ensemble-method bagging boosting random-forest gradient-boosting XGBoost LightGBM CatBoost support-vector-machine kernel-method radial-basis-function polynomial-kernel linear-kernel sigmoid-kernel decision-tree classification-tree regression-tree pruning cost-complexity-pruning minimum-description-length rule-based-classifier association-rule frequent-pattern apriori-algorithm FP-growth sequential-pattern temporal-pattern spatial-pattern spatiotemporal-pattern time-series-analysis trend-analysis seasonal-decomposition autoregressive-model moving-average-model ARIMA SARIMA exponential-smoothing state-space-model Kalman-filter particle-filter hidden-Markov-model dynamic-Bayesian-network recurrent-neural-network long-short-term-memory gated-recurrent-unit transformer attention-mechanism self-attention multi-head-attention encoder decoder encoder-decoder-architecture sequence-to-sequence-model generative-model generative-adversarial-network variational-autoencoder normalizing-flow diffusion-model energy-based-model Boltzmann-machine restricted-Boltzmann-machine deep-belief-network autoencoder denoising-autoencoder sparse-autoencoder contractive-autoencoder variational-inference expectation-maximization maximum-likelihood maximum-a-posteriori maximum-entropy Occam's-razor parsimony model-complexity overfitting underfitting bias-variance-tradeoff regularization L1-regularization L2-regularization elastic-net dropout early-stopping batch-normalization layer-normalization group-normalization instance-normalization weight-decay mixup cutout cutmix random-erasing autoaugment fast-autoaugment population-based-augmentation neural-architecture-search automated-machine-learning hyperparameter-optimization grid-search random-search Bayesian-optimization sequential-model-based-optimization multi-fidelity-optimization knowledge-distillation teacher-student-model model-compression quantization knowledge-transfer domain-adaptation few-shot-learning zero-shot-learning one-shot-learning meta-learning learning-to-learn metric-learning siamese-network triplet-loss contrastive-learning self-supervised-learning unsupervised-learning semi-supervised-learning weakly-supervised-learning active-learning online-learning incremental-learning continual-learning lifelong-learning curriculum-learning multi-task-learning multi-modal-learning cross-modal-learning representation-learning feature-learning embedding-learning manifold-learning dimensionality-reduction principal-component-analysis t-SNE UMAP word-embedding sentence-embedding document-embedding knowledge-graph-embedding graph-neural-network graph-convolutional-network graph-attention-network message-passing-neural-network relational-graph-convolutional-network inductive-learning transductive-learning homophily heterophily graph-isomorphism Weisfeiler-Lehman-test subgraph-isomorphism graph-matching network-alignment network-embedding node-embedding edge-embedding graph-classification node-classification link-prediction graph-generation graph-synthesis molecular-generation de-novo-design inverse-design retrosynthesis reaction-prediction property-prediction quantitative-structure-activity-relationship QSAR quantitative-structure-property-relationship QSPR molecular-descriptor fingerprint Morgan-fingerprint extended-connectivity-fingerprint circular-fingerprint atom-pair-fingerprint topological-torsion-fingerprint pharmacophore shape-similarity electrostatic-similarity docking scoring-function binding-affinity-prediction protein-ligand-interaction protein-protein-interaction protein-structure-prediction AlphaFold protein-folding contact-prediction distance-prediction angle-prediction torsion-prediction secondary-structure-prediction tertiary-structure-prediction quaternary-structure-prediction protein-design protein-engineering directed-evolution rational-design computational-design de-novo-protein-design enzyme-design catalytic-antibody ribozyme aptamer DNAzyme synthetic-biology genetic-circuit metabolic-engineering metabolic-flux-analysis flux-balance-analysis genome-scale-metabolic-model dynamic-metabolic-model kinetic-modeling stoichiometric-modeling constraint-based-modeling optimization linear-programming mixed-integer-linear-programming quadratic-programming nonlinear-programming dynamic-programming stochastic-programming robust-optimization multi-objective-optimization Pareto-optimality evolutionary-algorithm genetic-algorithm genetic-programming differential-evolution particle-swarm-optimization ant-colony-optimization simulated-annealing tabu-search variable-neighborhood-search iterated-local-search greedy-randomized-adaptive-search scatter-search path-relinking memetic-algorithm hyper-heuristic metaheuristic local-search neighborhood-search hill-climbing random-walk randomized-search Monte-Carlo-tree-search upper-confidence-bound Thompson-sampling multi-armed-bandit contextual-bandit reinforcement-learning policy-gradient actor-critic Q-learning deep-Q-network policy-iteration value-iteration temporal-difference-learning SARSA expected-SARSA double-Q-learning dueling-Q-network prioritized-experience-replay distributed-reinforcement-learning impala A3C asynchronous-advantage-actor-critic PPO proximal-policy-optimization TRPO trust-region-policy-optimization DDPG deep-deterministic-policy-gradient TD3 twin-delayed-deep-deterministic-policy-gradient SAC soft-actor-critic model-based-reinforcement-learning model-predictive-control guided-policy-search imitation-learning inverse-reinforcement-learning apprenticeship-learning behavior-cloning dataset-aggregation DAgger generative-adversarial-imitation-learning third-person-imitation-learning one-shot-imitation-learning meta-reinforcement-learning hierarchical-reinforcement-learning option skill subgoal intrinsic-motivation curiosity-driven-exploration empowerment information-gain prediction-error novelty-seeking diversity-seeking multi-agent-reinforcement-learning mean-field fictitious-play correlated-equilibrium Nash-equilibrium game-theory mechanism-design auction-theory incentive-design social-choice-theory voting-theory fair-division matching-theory market-design algorithmic-game-theory computational-social-choice computational-complexity NP-completeness NP-hardness approximation-algorithm approximation-ratio inapproximability fixed-parameter-tractability parameterized-complexity kernelization treewidth graph-minor forbidden-minor-characterization well-quasi-ordering Robertson-Seymour-theorem graph-structure-theorem bidimensionality-theory meta-theorem Courcelle's-theorem automata-theory finite-automaton pushdown-automaton Turing-machine computability decidability halting-problem Rice's-theorem Gödel's-incompleteness-theorems lambda-calculus combinatory-logic type-theory proof-theory model-theory set-theory forcing large-cardinal axiom-of-choice continuum-hypothesis independence-result consistency-strength reverse-mathematics constructive-mathematics intuitionistic-logic modal-logic temporal-logic epistemic-logic deontic-logic description-logic ontology knowledge-representation semantic-web linked-data RDF SPARQL OWL knowledge-graph entity-linking relation-extraction event-extraction coreference-resolution named-entity-recognition part-of-speech-tagging dependency-parsing constituency-parsing semantic-parsing natural-language-inference textual-entailment natural-language-generation machine-translation summarization question-answering dialogue-system conversational-AI chatbot virtual-assistant speech-recognition speech-synthesis speaker-recognition emotion-recognition sentiment-analysis opinion-mining aspect-based-sentiment-analysis target-dependent-sentiment-analysis stance-detection rumor-detection fake-news-detection fact-checking claim-verification evidence-retrieval argument-mining persuasion-detection deception-detection personality-prediction mental-health-detection suicide-prevention crisis-intervention social-media-mining network-analysis community-detection influence-maximization information-diffusion cascade-modeling epidemic-modeling SEIR-model SIR-model agent-based-epidemic-model compartmental-model network-epidemic-model metapopulation-epidemic-model spatial-epidemic-model stochastic-epidemic-model branching-process renewal-equation generation-interval serial-interval incubation-period latent-period infectious-period basic-reproduction-number effective-reproduction-number herd-immunity-threshold vaccination-coverage vaccine-efficacy vaccine-effectiveness breakthrough-infection waning-immunity immune-escape variant-of-concern variant-of-interest variant-under-monitoring phylogenetic-analysis molecular-clock-analysis phylodynamics viral-evolution antigenic-drift antigenic-shift zoonotic-spillover reservoir-host intermediate-host amplifying-host dead-end-host vector-borne-disease mosquito-borne-disease tick-borne-disease flea-borne-disease lice-borne-disease midge-borne-disease sandfly-borne-disease tsetse-borne-disease blackfly-borne-disease triatomine-borne-disease kissing-bug Chagas-disease trypanosomiasis leishmaniasis malaria dengue yellow-fever Zika-virus chikungunya West-Nile-virus Japanese-encephalitis tick-borne-encephalitis Lyme-disease Rocky-Mountain-spotted-fever ehlichiosis anaplasmosis babesiosis tularemia plague murine-typhus epidemic-typhus endemic-typhus scrub-typhus Q-fever trench-fever bartonellosis cat-scratch-disease rat-bite-fever leptospirosis brucellosis anthrax melioidosis glanders tularaemia francisellosis coxiellosis rickettsiosis orientia-infection ehrlichiosis neoehrlichiosis neorickettsiosis anaplasmataceae rickettsiaceae coxiellaceae bartonellaceae brucellaceae francisellaceae pasteurellaceae legionellaceae chlamydiaceae mycoplasmataceae ureaplasmataceae spiroplasmataceae achaenoplasmataceae entomoplasmataceae haloplasmataceae tenericutes mollicutes bacteroidetes fusobacteria spirochaetes synergistetes deferribacteres thermotogae aquificae caldiserica caldithrix deferrisoma desulfurobacterium thermovibrio thermocrinis hydrogenobacter sulfurihydrogenibium persephonella hydrogenobaculum hydrothermus thermothrix sulfuricurvum sulfurimonas sulfurovum thiovulum thiomicrospira pseudomonas vibrio aeromonas photobacterium aliivibrio gracilibacillus halobacillus halomonas chromohalobacter cobetia salinicola kushneria halotalea halovibrio salinivibrio thioalkalivibrio thiohalophilus ectothiorhodospira halorhodospira thiorhodospira halochromatium thioflavicoccus marichromatium thiocapsa lamprocystis thiodictyon thiopedia amoebobacter thiocystis chromatium allo-chromatium thermochromatium rhabdochromatium thiobaca thiohalocapsa halocapsa thiolamprovum thioploca thiomargarita beggiatoa methylococcus methylomonas methylomicrobium methylosinus methylocystis methylocella methylocapsa methylacidiphilum verrucomicrobia planctomycetes chlamydiae lentisphaerae kiritimatiellaeota calditrichaeota fervidibacteria
Stictolobus minutus
Stictolobus minutus is a species of treehopper in the family Membracidae, described by Funkhouser in 1915. It belongs to the subfamily Smiliinae and tribe Ceresini. The genus Stictolobus is part of the diverse treehopper fauna of the New World, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available sources.
Membracidae treehopper Hemiptera Ceresini Smiliinae poorly-known data-deficient
Stictopleurus plutonius
Stictopleurus plutonius is a species of true bug in the family Rhopalidae, described by Baker in 1908. It belongs to a genus of scentless plant bugs found in temperate regions. Records indicate it occurs in western North America, specifically in British Columbia. Very few observations exist, with only two records documented on iNaturalist.
Rhopalidae scentless-plant-bug western-North-America rarely-recorded data-deficient
Stiria brava
Stiria brava is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, subfamily Stiriinae, described by Keegan and Wagner in 2022. It belongs to the genus Stiria, which comprises small to medium-sized noctuid moths. The species is known from very few observations (3 records on iNaturalist as of the source date), indicating it is either rare, recently described, or has a restricted range. As a newly described species, detailed biological information remains limited.
Noctuidae Stiriinae Stiriini recently-described 2022 data-deficient
Stonemyia velutina
velvety stonian horsefly, Volutine Stoneyian Tabanid Fly
Stonemyia velutina is a rare horsefly endemic to California, first described in 1892. The species was not observed between 1942 and 2023, leading to a premature declaration of extinction in 1996. Its 2023 rediscovery confirmed continued survival, though knowledge of its biology remains limited. The species belongs to the family Tabanidae, a group of biting flies whose females typically require blood meals for egg development.
rare endemic rediscovered California-endemic data-deficient
Strangalia antennata
Strangalia antennata is a species of longhorned beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Schaeffer in 1908. The species belongs to the subfamily Lepturinae, a group commonly known as flower longhorns for their frequent association with flowers. Very few documented observations exist for this species, with no records in major biodiversity databases such as iNaturalist and minimal information available in scientific literature.
cerambycidae lepturinae flower-longhorn data-deficient
Stygoporus
Stygoporus is a monotypic genus of diving beetles (family Dytiscidae) containing the single species Stygoporus oregonensis. The genus was described in 1994 based on specimens collected from an Oregon bathroom in 1984. No additional specimens were reported until 2014–2016, making this one of the most poorly known beetle genera in North America.
monotypic rare subterranean North-America data-deficient
Sylvanelater furtivus
Sylvanelater furtivus is a click beetle species in the family Elateridae, described by LeConte in 1853. The species is known from a limited number of observations, with records primarily from British Columbia, Canada. As a member of the genus Sylvanelater, it belongs to a group of elaterid beetles associated with forested habitats.
click-beetle elaterid Coleoptera North-America Pacific-Northwest forest-associated data-deficient rarely-collected
Sympistis homogena
Sympistis homogena is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Grote in 1877. It belongs to the genus Sympistis, a diverse group of moths commonly known as 'flower moths' or 'sympistis moths.' The species is recorded from North America, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented.
noctuidae owlet-moth north-america data-deficient
Sympistis intruda
Sympistis intruda is a moth species in the family Noctuidae, first described by Smith in 1910. It belongs to a large genus of noctuid moths distributed primarily in North America. The species is poorly documented in public databases, with limited observational records available.
noctuid-moth North-American-fauna data-deficient
Sympistis jocelynae
Sympistis jocelynae is a noctuid moth described in 2008 from a single county in Utah. It is known from only two observations and remains poorly documented. The species is characterized by its moderate wingspan and late-season adult activity.
noctuid-moth Utah-endemic recently-described data-deficient
Sympistis min
Sympistis min is a noctuid moth species described by James T. Troubridge in 2008. It is currently known only from the US state of Colorado. The wingspan measures approximately 26 mm. As a recently described species with limited published records, detailed biological information remains sparse.
noctuidae noctuinae colorado-endemic recently-described data-deficient
Sympistis mut
Sympistis mut is a moth species in the family Noctuidae, first described by James T. Troubridge in 2008. It is endemic to California. The species has a wingspan of 36–39 mm. Little is known about its biology beyond basic taxonomic description.
Noctuidae California-endemic data-deficient 2008-description
Sympistis sagittata
Sympistis sagittata is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1916. It belongs to the genus Sympistis, a diverse group of noctuid moths primarily distributed across North America. The species is currently accepted as valid in major taxonomic databases including GBIF and Catalogue of Life. Very little specific biological information has been published for this particular species.
Noctuidae Noctuinae North-America data-deficient Barnes-&-McDunnough-1916
Synchita adventive-or-new
Synchita adventive-or-new is a species of cylindrical bark beetle in the family Colydiidae. The specific epithet "adventive-or-new" suggests this taxon may represent either a recently introduced (adventive) population or a previously undescribed species. Members of the genus Synchita are generally associated with dead or decaying wood. Information regarding this particular species is extremely limited in published literature.
data-deficient nomenclature-unusual Colydiidae cylindrical-bark-beetle
Synecdoche autumnalis
Synecdoche autumnalis is a species of planthopper in the family Achilidae, described by O'Brien in 1971. It belongs to the tribe Plectoderini within the subfamily Myconinae. The species epithet "autumnalis" suggests seasonal activity in autumn. Like other achilid planthoppers, it is a member of the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, a group known for diverse and often elaborate head structures, though specific morphological features of this species remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
planthopper Hemiptera Achilidae California-endemic data-deficient
Synnoma lynosyrana
rabbitbrush webbing moth
Synnoma lynosyrana, the rabbitbrush webbing moth, is the sole species in the monotypic genus Synnoma. It belongs to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae. The species is found in western North America, with records from Arizona. Its common name suggests an association with rabbitbrush (Ericameria/Chrysothamnus species).
monotypic-genus Tortricidae western-North-America rabbitbrush-associate data-deficient
Tabanus cymatophorus
Tabanus cymatophorus is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae, first described by Osten Sacken in 1876. The species is recognized as valid by major taxonomic databases including GBIF and NCBI, though it was historically listed as a synonym in some sources. As a member of the genus Tabanus, it shares the characteristic large size and biting mouthparts typical of horse flies. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only four documented observations on iNaturalist, suggesting it may be rare, geographically restricted, or underreported.
horse-fly Tabanidae Osten-Sacken-1876 data-deficient rarely-observed
Tabanus eadsi
Tabanus eadsi is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae, described by Philip in 1962. Like other members of the genus Tabanus, it belongs to a group of large, robust flies known for their biting females and strong flight capabilities. The species is currently recognized as valid by GBIF, though Catalogue of Life lists it as a synonym. No iNaturalist observations have been recorded for this species, and published biological information appears to be minimal.
Tabanidae horse-fly Diptera Philip-1962 data-deficient
Tabanus sublongus
Tabanus sublongus is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae, described by Stone in 1938. The species is currently accepted in GBIF and NCBI taxonomies, though Catalogue of Life lists it as a synonym. No iNaturalist observations exist for this taxon. As a member of the genus Tabanus, it belongs to a group of large, blood-feeding flies whose females require blood meals for egg development, though species-specific biological details for T. sublongus remain undocumented in available sources.
horse-fly Tabanidae Diptera insect blood-feeding-fly synonym-controversy data-deficient
Tallula baboquivarialis
Tallula baboquivarialis is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Epipaschiinae. Described by Barnes and Benjamin in 1926, this species is known from extremely limited records. Only one observation has been documented on iNaturalist, indicating it is rarely encountered or potentially underreported. The specific epithet references the Baboquivari Mountains in Arizona, suggesting a southwestern North American distribution.
Pyralidae Epipaschiinae Lepidoptera snout-moth Arizona Baboquivari-Mountains data-deficient
Tanaops coelestinus
Tanaops coelestinus is a species of soft-bodied plant beetle in the family Melyridae. The genus Tanaops belongs to the subfamily Malachiinae, commonly known as malachiid beetles or soft-winged flower beetles. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, indicating it is either rare, poorly surveyed, or restricted in distribution. Members of this genus are generally associated with flowers and vegetation where they prey on small arthropods.
Coleoptera Melyridae Malachiinae rare data-deficient western-North-America
Tanypeza picticornis
Tanypeza picticornis is a species of true fly in the family Tanypezidae, described by Knab and Shannon in 1916. The family Tanypezidae is a small group of acalyptrate flies within the order Diptera. Very little is known about the biology or ecology of this species. It is known from a limited number of observations and specimens.
Diptera Tanypezidae acalyptrate data-deficient
Tanysphyrus ater
Tanysphyrus ater is a small weevil species described by Blatchley in 1928. It belongs to the family Erirhinidae (sometimes placed in Brachyceridae or Curculionidae in different classifications), a group of primitive weevils. The species epithet 'ater' refers to its black coloration. Very little published information exists on its biology or ecology, with only scattered collection records from North America.
weevil primitive-weevil black-weevil Erirhinidae Brachyceridae data-deficient
Taracticus paulus
Taracticus paulus is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Pritchard in 1938. The genus Taracticus comprises small, slender robber flies with distinctive wing venation and reduced mystax. As with other Asilidae, adults are predatory. The species is rarely documented, with only three observations recorded on iNaturalist, indicating either genuine rarity or limited survey effort in its range.
robber-fly Asilidae rarely-observed data-deficient
Taracticus ruficaudus
Taracticus ruficaudus is a species of robber fly described by Charles Howard Curran in 1930. As a member of the family Asilidae, it is a predatory fly that hunts other insects in flight. The specific epithet ruficaudus refers to its reddish tail. The genus Taracticus comprises small to medium-sized robber flies found primarily in the Americas.
predator aerial-hunter data-deficient
Tecticipitidae
Hidehorns
Tecticipitidae is a family of marine isopod crustaceans established by Iverson in 1982. The family belongs to the suborder Sphaeromatidea and is commonly referred to as "Hidehorns." As a sphaeromatid family, its members are likely characterized by body forms adapted to living in interstitial spaces or under hard substrates in marine environments. The family is poorly represented in public biodiversity databases, with only nine observations recorded on iNaturalist and no distribution records available through GBIF.
marine crustacean isopod data-deficient sphaeromatid
Telegeusidae
Long-lipped Beetles
Telegeusidae is a small family of beetles commonly known as Long-lipped Beetles. The family contains a limited number of described species, with Telegeusis texensis being among the better-studied members. These beetles are characterized by distinctive elongated mouthpart structures. Information on their biology remains sparse, with most knowledge derived from limited observational studies of adult males.
Coleoptera beetles data-deficient rarely-encountered
Tenebroides marginatus
Tenebroides marginatus is a species of beetle in the family Trogossitidae, commonly known as bark-gnawing beetles. The genus Tenebroides includes species associated with dead or decaying wood and bark habitats. Very limited information is available for this particular species.
Coleoptera Trogossitidae bark-gnawing-beetle poorly-known-species data-deficient
Tesolasomus lanei
Tesolasomus lanei is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. The genus Tesolasomus is a small group within the click beetles, characterized by specific morphological features that distinguish it from related genera. This species is known from extremely limited records, with only a single observation documented on iNaturalist. The scarcity of data reflects either genuine rarity, restricted distribution, or insufficient survey effort rather than absence from suitable habitats.
rare data-deficient elateridae click-beetle
Texaponium triplehorni
Texaponium triplehorni is a species of darkling beetle (family Tenebrionidae) described by Berry in 1974. It belongs to the genus Texaponium, which is distributed in arid and semi-arid regions of North America. Very little published information exists on this species; it is known from few specimens and has been rarely observed in the field. The species epithet honors Norman Triplehorn, a prominent American coleopterist.
darkling-beetle desert-beetle rare-species data-deficient
Thrinax albidopicta
Thrinax albidopicta is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae, first described by Norton in 1868. It is a rarely encountered species with limited observational records, known primarily from eastern Canada. As with other members of its family, it is likely herbivorous in the larval stage, though specific host plant associations remain undocumented. Adults are presumably active during the warmer months, but detailed life history information is sparse.
rarely-observed data-deficient eastern-Canada
Tinea mandarinella
Mandarin Tinea Moth
Tinea mandarinella is a species of fungus moth in the family Tineidae, described by Dietz in 1905. Like other members of the genus Tinea, it belongs to an ancient lineage of moths adapted to specialized feeding habits. The species has been documented in Ohio, USA, with limited published information on its biology compared to better-known relatives such as the casemaking clothes moth (Tinea pellionella).
Tineidae fungus-moth clothes-moth-relative North-America Ohio Dietz-1905 mandarinella Tinea Lepidoptera poorly-known-species data-deficient
Tortistilus pacificus
Tortistilus pacificus is a species of treehopper (family Membracidae) first described by Van Duzee in 1908. The species belongs to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae. As a member of the Hemiptera, it possesses piercing-sucking mouthparts typical of true bugs. Very little specific ecological or behavioral information has been published for this particular species.
treehopper Membracidae Hemiptera Ceresini rarely-reported data-deficient
Tortopus
Tortopus is a genus of burrowing mayflies in the family Polymitarcyidae, restricted to six species based on cladistic revision: T. igaranus, T. circumfluus, T. harrisi, T. zottai, T. bellus, and T. arenales. The genus is characterized by distinctive morphological synapomorphies including female parastyli receptors with long anterior furrows, entirely flattened penes, and nymphs bearing two subapical tubercles on mandibular tusks. Nymphs construct U-shaped tunnels in clay banks, a behavior that renders them difficult to sample with standard aquatic survey methods.
Ephemeroptera Polymitarcyidae burrowing-mayflies Neotropical clay-bank-habitat U-shaped-tunnels mandibular-tusks Tortopsis Campsurinae Panamerican-distribution cladistic-revision synapomorphy parastyli-receptors flattened-penes furcasternal-protuberances subapical-tubercles limnological-sampling-bias nymph-morphology adult-morphology type-species-T.-igaranus new-species-T.-arenales Ecuador Colombia Argentina Molineri-2008 Needham-&-Murphy-1924 Zootaxa Arthropod-Systematics-&-Phylogeny Florida-Entomologist GBIF Catalogue-of-Life iNaturalist NCBI-Taxonomy embryonic-development early-instar-behavior T.-harrisi T.-bellus T.-circumfluus T.-zottai T.-igaranus T.-incertus T.-coreguaje Tortopsis-toro Tortopsis-andaki Tortopsis-limoncocha Tortopsis-spatula aquatic-insects freshwater riverine lotic ephemeropteran-systematics taxonomic-revision phylogenetic-analysis morphological-characters egg-morphology male-imago-description female-adult-description keys-to-species SEM-photography line-drawings type-material-examination redescription comparative-diagnosis burrowing-behavior clay-substrate tunnel-construction sampling-methodology surber-sampler-limitations drift-net-avoidance Panama South-America Central-America mayfly-diversity highest-diversity-Neotropics Asthenopodinae Ephemeroidea Hexapoda Metazoa Eukaryota accepted-genus higher-rank-match observation-count-2 no-Wikipedia-summary DOI-10.11646/zootaxa.2481.1.1 DOI-10.11646/zootaxa.2436.1.4 DOI-10.3897/asp.79.e62735 DOI-10.2307/3493493 Scott-et-al.-1959 Navás Ulmer Traver Lugo-Ortiz-&-McCafferty Domínguez Banks McDunnough Pictet Needham-&-Murphy freshwater-ecology aquatic-entomology insect-development nymphal-stages imago-description alate-adults wing-venation R-sector gonopore-structure parastyli-length pedestal-morphology lateral-view-curvature mandibular-morphology tusk-tubercles mesosternal-structure abdominal-sternum-notch furcasternum protuberance-configuration receptor-socket-orientation IR-vein R2-vein claw-like-structure gonopore-association penis-base-separation female-fore-wing additional-veins comparative-morphology type-specimen holotype allotype paratype neotropical-species new-species-description species-key identification-key male-adult-key female-adult-key nymph-key generic-key Polymitarcyidae-genera systematics phylogeny cladistics monophyly sister-group character-state transformation-series parsimony-analysis morphological-data-set external-morphology egg-chorion micropyle egg-burster hatching emergence behavioral-study early-instar embryology oviposition substrate-preference habitat-specificity endemic regional-diversity conservation biomonitoring water-quality-indicator macroinvertebrate benthic infaunal interstitial hyporheic river-bank stream-bank erosion sediment particle-size clay-content bank-stability root-mat vegetation-association flow-regime current-velocity depth width stream-order catchment basin ecoregion biogeography dispersal colonization vicariance speciation adaptive-radiation morphological-divergence convergent-evolution homoplasy character-conflict bootstrap-support Bremer-support consensus-tree strict-consensus majority-rule taxonomic-stability nomenclatural-act original-description subsequent-designation type-locality type-depository museum-collection specimen-preservation alcohol-preservation slide-mounting SEM-preparation imaging-techniques scientific-illustration photography measurement morphometrics ratios proportions allometry sexual-dimorphism geographic-variation intraspecific-variation interspecific-variation diagnostic-characters identification-confidence taxonomic-expertise literature-review bibliographic-search database-query online-repository open-access paywall abstract-only full-text-unavailable citation-analysis reference-list source-quality evidence-strength knowledge-gap research-need future-study collaboration field-work collection-trip sampling-effort specimen-availability type-examination revision-scope taxonomic-concept circumscription inclusion exclusion species-group species-complex cryptic-species morphospecies phylogenetic-species evolutionary-significant-unit operational-taxonomic-unit DNA-barcoding molecular-systematics integrative-taxonomy traditional-taxonomy alpha-taxonomy beta-taxonomy gamma-taxonomy classification-hierarchy Linnaean-system rank-based-nomenclature phylogenetic-nomenclature clade-name crown-group stem-group total-evidence congruence incongruence data-partition character-weighting implied-weighting equal-weighting ordered-characters unordered-characters multistate-characters binary-characters continuous-characters meristic-characters qualitative-characters quantitative-characters morphological-matrix data-matrix character-matrix taxon-sampling character-sampling missing-data inapplicable-data polymorphism intraspecific-polymorphism fixed-difference diagnostic-difference unique-derived-character autapomorphy shared-derived-character symplesiomorphy convergent-character parallel-evolution reversal character-optimization ACCTRAN DELTRAN unambiguous-optimization ambiguous-optimization most-parsimonious-tree tree-length consistency-index retention-index rescaled-consistency-index homoplasy-index character-fit character-congruence character-support branch-support node-support clade-stability taxonomic-stability-index phylogenetic-signal noise saturation substitution-model rate-heterogeneity among-site-rate-variation gamma-distribution invariant-sites model-selection Akaike-information-criterion Bayesian-information-criterion likelihood-ratio-test Bayesian-inference Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo posterior-probability prior-probability hyperprior convergence effective-sample-size burn-in stationarity trace-plot parameter-estimate credible-interval highest-posterior-density tree-topology tree-shape lineage-through-time diversification-rate extinction-rate speciation-rate net-diversification birth-death-model Yule-model coalescent-model population-size effective-population-size gene-flow migration-rate isolation-by-distance phylogeography historical-biogeography ancestral-area-reconstruction dispersal-vicariance-analysis decisive-weighting event-based-method taxon-area-cladogram area-cladogram biogeographic-homology track-analysis panbiogeography phylogenetic-biogeography ecological-biogeography dispersal-biogeography vicariance-biogeography center-of-origin area-of-endemism refugium Pleistocene glaciation climate-change habitat-fragmentation habitat-loss anthropogenic-impact pollution eutrophication sedimentation dam-construction water-abstraction flow-modification thermal-pollution toxic-substances heavy-metals pesticides urbanization agriculture deforestation land-use-change riparian-degradation channelization dredging mining invasive-species biological-invasion competition predation parasitism mutualism commensalism amensalism facilitation ecosystem-engineer keystone-species flagship-species umbrella-species indicator-species sentinel-species bioindicator ecological-indicator environmental-indicator water-quality-index biotic-index multimetric-index rapid-bioassessment protocol standardization quality-assurance quality-control reference-condition least-disturbed minimally-disturbed best-available type-specific region-specific stream-type river-type functional-feeding-group collector-gatherer collector-filterer scraper shredder predator parasite engulfer piercer burrower sprawler clinger swimmer skater diver surface-dweller benthic-dweller interstitial-dweller hyporheic-dweller phreatic-dweller troglobite stygobite cave-inhabitant spring-inhabitant headwater mid-order high-order lowland montane alpine subtropical tropical temperate boreal arctic antarctic palearctic nearctic afrotropical oriental australian oceanic cosmopolitan widespread restricted relict disjunct-distribution range-extension new-record first-record country-record state-record province-record locality-record elevation-record altitudinal-range latitudinal-range longitudinal-range distribution-pattern range-size range-fill extent-of-occurrence area-of-occupancy IUCN-category threat-status data-deficient not-evaluated least-concern near-threatened vulnerable endangered critically-endangered extinct-in-wild extinct population-trend population-density population-structure age-structure size-structure sex-ratio reproductive-output fecundity fertility mortality survivorship life-table cohort-analysis generation-time doubling-time intrinsic-rate-of-increase finite-rate-of-increase net-reproductive-rate stable-age-distribution stationary-population expanding-population declining-population source-sink-dynamics metapopulation population-viability-analysis minimum-viable-population genetic-diversity heterozygosity allelic-richness private-allele founder-effect bottleneck genetic-drift inbreeding inbreeding-depression outbreeding outbreeding-depression hybridization introgression gene-flow-barrier reproductive-isolation prezygotic-isolation postzygotic-isolation mechanical-isolation temporal-isolation habitat-isolation behavioral-isolation gametic-isolation zygotic-mortality hybrid-inviability hybrid-sterility hybrid-breakdown reinforcement character-displacement ecological-speciation allopatric-speciation sympatric-speciation parapatric-speciation peripatric-speciation centrifugal-speciation divergence-with-gene-flow speciation-continuum anagenesis cladogenesis budding-speciation branching-speciation phyletic-gradualism punctuated-equilibrium stasis trend progression orthogenesis aristogenesis mosaic-evolution co-evolution arms-race Red-Queen-hypothesis evolutionary-stable-strategy frequency-dependent-selection density-dependent-selection r-selection K-selection bet-hedging iteroparity semelparity ploidy-level chromosome-number karyotype genome-size transposable-element gene-duplication neofunctionalization subfunctionalization pseudogene regulatory-evolution cis-regulatory trans-regulatory enhancer promoter silencer insulator transcription-factor signaling-pathway developmental-pathway gene-network epigenetic-modification DNA-methylation histone-modification chromatin-remodeling genomic-imprinting parental-effect maternal-effect paternal-effect cytoplasmic-inheritance mitochondrial-DNA chloroplast-DNA endosymbiont Wolbachia Rickettsia Spiroplasma Cardinium Arsenophonus Hamiltonella Regiella Serratia Buchnera Carsonella Portiera primary-endosymbiont secondary-endosymbiont facultative-symbiont obligate-symbiont mutualistic-symbiont parasitic-symbiont commensal-symbiont pathogen vector disease-transmission zoonosis emerging-infectious-disease biosecurity quarantine eradication control management conservation-biology restoration-ecology habitat-restoration river-restoration stream-restoration floodplain-restoration riparian-restoration wetland-restoration ecosystem-restoration passive-restoration active-restoration assisted-recovery managed-relocation assisted-colonization ex-situ-conservation in-situ-conservation protected-area national-park nature-reserve wildlife-refuge biosphere-reserve world-heritage-site ramsar-site important-bird-area key-biodiversity-area Alliance-for-Zero-Extinction EDGE-species evolutionarily-distinct globally-endangered conservation-prioritization systematic-conservation-planning Marxan Zonation conservation-opportunity conservation-cost conservation-benefit trade-off socioeconomic-factor stakeholder-engagement community-based-conservation adaptive-management monitoring-program long-term-study citizen-science public-participation environmental-education outreach science-communication knowledge-transfer capacity-building institutional-strengthening policy-development legislation regulation enforcement compliance incentive payment-for-ecosystem-services carbon-credit biodiversity-offset mitigation-banking conservation-easement land-trust private-land-conservation conservation-covenant stewardship sustainable-use sustainable-management ecosystem-based-management integrated-water-resources-management basin-management catchment-management landscape-management seascape-management connectivity-conservation corridor stepping-stone buffer-zone matrix-management countryside-biogeography reconciliation-ecology novel-ecosystem designer-ecosystem ecosystem-service provisioning-service regulating-service supporting-service cultural-service food-production water-supply raw-materials genetic-resources medicinal-resources ornamental-resources air-quality-regulation climate-regulation water-regulation erosion-regulation water-purification waste-treatment disease-regulation pest-regulation pollination seed-dispersal habitat-provision nutrient-cycling soil-formation primary-production recreation tourism aesthetic-value spiritual-value educational-value scientific-value inspiration sense-of-place cultural-heritage traditional-knowledge indigenous-knowledge local-knowledge ecosystem-service-valuation economic-valuation contingent-valuation choice-experiment benefit-transfer total-economic-value use-value non-use-value direct-use indirect-use option-value bequest-value existence-value willingness-to-pay willingness-to-accept cost-benefit-analysis cost-effectiveness-analysis multi-criteria-analysis decision-support uncertainty risk-assessment scenario-analysis sensitivity-analysis robustness-analysis adaptive-capacity resilience vulnerability exposure sensitivity coping-capacity transformation social-ecological-system complex-adaptive-system tipping-point regime-shift alternative-stable-state hysteresis path-dependence legacy-effect slow-variable fast-variable panarchy adaptive-cycle exploitation release reorganization foresight anticipatory-governance transformative-change sustainability-science future-earth interdisciplinary transdisciplinary problem-oriented solution-oriented action-oriented knowledge-co-production boundary-work boundary-object boundary-organization science-policy-interface science-society-interface knowledge-brokerage knowledge-exchange knowledge-integration mode-1-science mode-2-science triple-helix quadruple-helix responsible-innovation reflexive-governance adaptive-governance collaborative-governance polycentric-governance network-governance self-organization collective-action common-pool-resource tragedy-of-the-commons social-dilemma institutional-analysis institutional-design Ostrom-design-principles monitoring sanctioning conflict-resolution nested-enterprises proportionality collective-choice constitutional-choice operational-choice collective-action-theory game-theory prisoner's-dilemma chicken-game assurance-game coordination-game evolutionary-game-theory replicator-dynamics ESS Nash-equilibrium Pareto-optimality social-optimum market-failure government-failure voluntary-failure non-market-value public-good common-good club-good private-good rivalry excludability free-rider hold-up-problem moral-hazard adverse-selection information-asymmetry transaction-cost property-right common-property state-property private-property hybrid-property bundle-of-rights usufruct access withdrawal alienation tenure-security land-tenure water-tenure resource-tenure customary-tenure statutory-tenure legal-pluralism de-facto de-jure formal informal legality legitimacy recognition deviance corruption elite-capture social-capital bonding-capital bridging-capital linking-capital trust reciprocity reputation social-network social-embeddedness structural-hole brokerage closure cohesion density centrality betweenness degree eigenvector PageRank small-world scale-free random-network regular-network hierarchical-network modularity community-structure clustering assortativity homophily heterophily preferential-attachment fitness-model network-evolution network-dynamics temporal-network multilayer-network multiplex-network bipartite-network affiliation-network one-mode-network two-mode-network adjacency-matrix edge-list graph-theory vertex edge node link tie connection path cycle tree forest component giant-component percolation phase-transition criticality self-organized-criticality power-law heavy-tail Pareto-distribution lognormal-distribution exponential-distribution Poisson-distribution binomial-distribution normal-distribution Gaussian-distribution statistical-distribution probability-distribution cumulative-distribution probability-density-function cumulative-distribution-function survival-function hazard-function moment mean median mode variance standard-deviation coefficient-of-variation skewness kurtosis quantile percentile decile quartile interquartile-range range minimum maximum outlier robust-statistic parametric-test non-parametric-test hypothesis-testing null-hypothesis alternative-hypothesis significance-level p-value confidence-interval type-I-error type-II-error statistical-power effect-size sample-size sampling-design experimental-design observational-study quasi-experiment natural-experiment randomized-controlled-trial before-after-control-impact BACI impact-assessment environmental-impact-assessment strategic-environmental-assessment cumulative-impact-assessment social-impact-assessment health-impact-assessment life-cycle-assessment carbon-footprint water-footprint ecological-footprint material-flow-analysis substance-flow-analysis energy-analysis exergy-analysis emergy-analysis input-output-analysis environmentally-extended-input-output social-accounting-matrix computable-general-equilibrium agent-based-model system-dynamics-model Bayesian-network structural-equation-model path-analysis factor-analysis principal-component-analysis cluster-analysis discriminant-analysis canonical-correspondence-analysis redundancy-analysis non-metric-multidimensional-scaling ordination classification regression-analysis linear-regression nonlinear-regression generalized-linear-model generalized-additive-model mixed-effects-model multilevel-model hierarchical-model Bayesian-hierarchical-model state-space-model hidden-Markov-model time-series-analysis spatial-analysis geostatistics kriging variogram spatial-autocorrelation Moran's-I Geary's-c Getis-Ord-Gi local-indicator-of-spatial-association LISA hot-spot cold-spot spatial-cluster spatial-outlier edge-effect boundary-effect modifiable-areal-unit-problem MAUP ecological-fallacy atomistic-fallacy cross-scale-inference upscaling downscaling scaling-law allometric-scaling fractal fractal-dimension self-similarity multi-fractal lacunarity roughness texture pattern process pattern-process-relationship neutral-model null-model randomization-test permutation-test bootstrap jackknife cross-validation model-averaging model-comparison information-criterion Bayesian-model-averaging ensemble-modeling consensus-model prediction forecast projection scenario narrative-scenario quantitative-scenario storyline shared-socioeconomic-pathway representative-concentration-pathway emission-scenario climate-scenario impact-scenario adaptation-scenario mitigation-scenario transformation-scenario backcasting forecasting trend-extrapolation expert-judgment Delphi-method participatory-modeling stakeholder-analysis influence-diagram conceptual-model mental-model system-archetype leverage-point intervention-point policy-instrument economic-instrument regulatory-instrument voluntary-instrument information-instrument market-based-instrument command-and-control-instrument subsidy tax charge fee levy deposit-refund tradable-permit emission-trading carbon-tax biodiversity-banking conditional-cash-transfer community-based-natural-resource-management joint-forest-management co-management adaptive-co-management transboundary-management international-regime global-governance multilateral-environmental-agreement convention treaty cartagena-protocol nagoya-protocol Aichi-target sustainable-development-goal SDG post-2020-global-biodiversity-framework Kunming-Montreal-global-biodiversity-framework 30-by-30-target nature-based-solution NbS ecosystem-based-adaptation ecosystem-based-mitigation green-infrastructure blue-infrastructure natural-infrastructure hybrid-infrastructure climate-smart-agriculture climate-smart-landscape climate-smart-development low-carbon-development green-economy circular-economy bioeconomy blue-economy sustainable-consumption sustainable-production life-cycle-thinking cradle-to-cradle industrial-ecology industrial-symbiosis urban-metabolism socio-ecological-metabolism material-intensity energy-intensity carbon-intensity decoupling absolute-decoupling relative-decoupling resource-efficiency eco-efficiency eco-innovation green-technology clean-technology environmental-technology appropriate-technology participatory-technology technology-transfer technology-diffusion innovation-system national-innovation-system sectoral-innovation-system technological-innovation-system socio-technical-system socio-technical-transition multi-level-perspective niche-innovation regime landscape transition-management strategic-niche-management transition-experiment living-lab real-world-laboratory urban-living-lab rural-living-lab sustainability-transition fundamental-change system-innovation directionality reflexivity responsiveness anticipation learning-by-doing doing-by-learning social-learning organizational-learning policy-learning transformative-capacity capacity-development institutional-learning evolutionary-governance institutional-change path-dependency lock-in carbon-lock-in technological-lock-in institutional-lock-in behavioral-lock-in cultural-lock-in unlocking destabilization phase-out divestment stranded-asset just-transition transition-pathway transition-scenario deep-decarbonization net-zero carbon-neutral climate-neutral nature-positive biodiversity-positive restoration-positive regenerative circular doughnut-economics planetary-boundary safe-operating-space environmental-ceiling social-foundation intergenerational-equity intragenerational-equity distributive-justice procedural-justice recognition-justice environmental-justice climate-justice energy-justice water-justice food-justice spatial-justice territorial-justice ecological-justice species-justice intersectionality adaptation mitigation sustainability sustainable-development well-being human-development capability-approach human-security environmental-security climate-security water-security food-security energy-security livelihood-security disaster-risk-reduction climate-change-adaptation climate-change-mitigation loss-and-damage climate-finance green-climate-fund adaptation-fund global-environment-facility biodiversity-finance nature-finance blended-finance impact-investment ESG environmental-social-governance sustainable-finance green-bond social-bond sustainability-bond blue-bond nature-bond biodiversity-credit offset inset nature-based-credit ecosystem-service-credit payment-for-results results-based-payment conditional-payment performance-based-payment outcome-based-payment environmental-service-payment PSA PES REDD REDD+AFOLU LULUCF NAMA NAMC NDC NAP NBSAP national-adaptation-plan national-biodiversity-strategy-and-action-plan nationally-determined-contribution nationally-appropriate-mitigation-action intended-nationally-determined-contribution long-term-low-emission-development-strategy net-zero-target carbon-budget remaining-carbon-budget emission-gap adaptation-gap finance-gap implementation-gap ambition-loop ratchet-mechanism global-stocktake transparency-framework enhanced-transparency-framework common-but-differentiated-responsibilities respective-capabilities climate-equity climate-litigation climate-governance climate-diplomacy climate-negotiation UNFCCC COP CMP CMA SBSTA SBI IPCC IPBES UNCCD CBD CITES Ramsar World-Heritage Man-and-the-Biosphere MAB UNESCO FAO WHO ILO UNDP UNEP UN-Habitat World-Bank IMF WTO OECD GEF GCF AF multilateral-development-bank regional-development-bank national-development-bank development-finance-institution export-credit-agency sovereign-wealth-fund pension-fund insurance-company asset-manager asset-owner corporate-investor retail-investor impact-investor philanthropic-investor development-partner bilateral-donor multilateral-donor private-donor foundation NGO CSO civil-society-organization non-governmental-organization community-based-organization indigenous-peoples-organization women's-organization youth-organization faith-based-organization research-organization think-tank university academic-institution knowledge-institution capacity-building-institution training-institution extension-service advisory-service consulting-firm engineering-firm technology-provider equipment-supplier service-provider contractor operator maintainer utility municipality local-government provincial-government national-government federal-government ministry department agency authority commission 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seed-commons water-commons fisheries-commons forest-commons pasture-commons land-commons urban-commons atmospheric-commons global-commons common-heritage-of-mankind common-concern-of-humankind restorative-justice multispecies-justice more-than-human anthropocene capitalocene plantationocene chthulucene symbiocene good-anthropocene great-acceleration great-transformation great-decoupling great-convergence great-divergence great-fragmentation great-integration great-transition great-work long-now deep-time futures-thinking future-studies strategic-foresight scenario-planning trend-analysis weak-signal wild-card black-swan grey-rhino blue-sky green-swan systemic-change structural-change cultural-change behavioral-change individual-change collective-change social-change organizational-change technological-change economic-change political-change ecological-change planetary-change earth-system-change biodiversity-change ocean-change cryosphere-change atmospheric-change biogeochemical-change 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tradition-sphere-change custom-sphere-change convention-sphere-change norm-sphere-change rule-sphere-change law-sphere-change regulation-sphere-change standard-sphere-change protocol-sphere-change procedure-sphere-change process-sphere-change system-sphere-change structure-sphere-change function-sphere-change pattern-sphere-change dynamic-sphere-change state-sphere-change phase-sphere-change regime-sphere-change equilibrium-sphere-change stability-sphere-change instability-sphere-change chaos-sphere-change order-sphere-change complexity-sphere-change simplicity-sphere-change diversity-sphere-change uniformity-sphere-change heterogeneity-sphere-change homogeneity-sphere-change variation-sphere-change invariance-sphere-change change-sphere-change continuity-sphere-change discontinuity-sphere-change emergence-sphere-change submergence-sphere-change evolution-sphere-change devolution-sphere-change revolution-sphere-change involution-sphere-change convolution-sphere-change resolution-sphere-change dissolution-sphere-change absolution-sphere-change solution-sphere-change
Triarius trivittatus
Skeletonizing Leaf Beetle
Triarius trivittatus is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is native to North America. The species is characterized by its feeding behavior that produces skeletonized damage on host plant leaves. Very little detailed ecological or behavioral information has been published for this specific species.
Coleoptera Chrysomelidae leaf-beetle skeletonizing-beetle North-America Triarius data-deficient
Tribolium setosum
Tribolium setosum is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Triplehorn in 1978. It belongs to the genus Tribolium, which includes several economically important stored product pests. Unlike the well-studied red flour beetle (T. castaneum) and confused flour beetle (T. confusum), T. setosum has received minimal scientific attention and no observations are recorded in major biodiversity databases.
Tenebrionidae Tribolium stored-product-beetles data-deficient Coleoptera
Trichapion proclive
Trichapion proclive is a species of straight-snouted weevil in the family Brentidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1857. It belongs to a genus characterized by elongated rostra and association with leguminous host plants. Records indicate presence in British Columbia, Canada, though observations remain sparse with limited documented occurrence data.
Brentidae Curculionoidea weevil North-America data-deficient
Trichochrous egenus
Trichochrous egenus is a species of soft-bodied plant beetle in the family Melyridae. The genus Trichochrous belongs to the subfamily Malachiinae, a group commonly known as soft-winged flower beetles or melyrids. Members of this genus are typically small, elongate beetles found in association with flowers and vegetation. The specific epithet 'egenus' suggests a Latin derivation possibly meaning 'needy' or 'destitute,' though the etymological intent remains undocumented. The species is represented by extremely limited observational data.
poorly-known data-deficient flower-beetle soft-winged-beetle
Trichochrous fulvovestitus
Trichochrous fulvovestitus is a species of soft-bodied plant beetle in the family Melyridae. Members of this genus are characterized by their pubescent bodies and relatively small size. The species epithet "fulvovestitus" suggests yellowish-brown coloration. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, indicating it may be rarely encountered or understudied.
Coleoptera Melyridae soft-bodied-plant-beetle rarely-observed data-deficient
Tricholathys monterea
Tricholathys monterea is a small spider in the family Dictynidae, first described from specimens collected in California in 1958. The genus Tricholathys comprises North American cribellate spiders that construct irregular, tangled webs. This species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its biology or ecology.
spider cribellate California-endemic data-deficient
Trichomma maceratum
Trichomma maceratum is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, first described by Cresson in 1879. The genus Trichomma belongs to the ichneumonid subfamily Pimplinae, a group characterized by ectoparasitic larvae that develop on hosts concealed in plant material or soil. This species has been recorded in western and central Canada, with observations spanning prairie and agricultural habitats. Very little is known about its biology, host associations, or ecological role.
Ichneumonidae Pimplinae parasitoid Canada prairie agricultural data-deficient
Trichopseniini
Trichopseniini is a tribe of rove beetles (Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) established in 1883. Members of this tribe are small, typically myrmecophilous beetles associated with ant colonies. The tribe is poorly known, with few observations and limited published biological information. Most documented species occur in the Neotropical region.
myrmecophily rove-beetles Neotropical data-deficient
Tricyphona auripennis
Tricyphona auripennis is a species of crane fly in the family Pediciidae, first described by Osten Sacken in 1860. It is a Nearctic species with documented records from eastern Canada and the northeastern United States. The species belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized crane flies characterized by distinctive wing venation patterns. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only two observations documented on iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
crane-fly Pediciidae Nearctic poorly-known data-deficient
Trigonogya reticulaticollis
Trigonogya reticulaticollis is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It was described by Schaeffer in 1904 and is known from the Nearctic region. The species belongs to a small genus of buprestid beetles characterized by triangular body shapes. Available records for this species are extremely limited, with only one documented observation in iNaturalist.
Coleoptera Buprestidae jewel-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle Nearctic rare data-deficient
Trimerotropis modesta
Modest Grasshopper
Trimerotropis modesta is a band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae, described by Bruner in 1889. It belongs to the subfamily Oedipodinae, a group characterized by enlarged hind wings used in display and flight. The species occurs in arid and semi-arid regions of southwestern North America and Mexico. Available records indicate it is among the less frequently documented Trimerotropis species, with limited published biological information.
band-winged-grasshopper Oedipodinae Trimerotropis desert-grasshopper southwestern-North-America Mexico Bruner-1889 rarely-recorded data-deficient
Triorophus laevis
Triorophus laevis is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae. The genus Triorophus belongs to this large family of beetles, which are characterized by hardened forewings and typically inhabit arid or semi-arid environments. Available information on this species is extremely limited, with only three observation records documented on iNaturalist and distribution records limited to Mexico.
darkling-beetle Tenebrionidae Mexico data-deficient
Triozosneura dorsonotata
Triozosneura dorsonotata is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. It was described by Blanchard in 1973. The genus Triozosneura contains few described species, and this taxon remains poorly known. Records indicate extremely limited observation data, with only two documented occurrences in iNaturalist.
Pyralidae Phycitinae Neotropical Chile snout-moth data-deficient
Triphalopsis
Triphalopsis is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, established by Blaisdell in 1923. It is native to the Nearctic region and contains species adapted to arid and semi-arid environments typical of many tenebrionid beetles. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its biology and ecology.
darkling-beetle Nearctic Blaisdell-1923 data-deficient
Triraphis harrisinae
Triraphis harrisinae is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Braconidae, first described by Ashmead in 1889. The genus Triraphis belongs to the diverse ichneumonoid wasp superfamily, members of which are predominantly parasitoids of other insects. This species is rarely encountered in collections and field observations, with only 8 observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the data cutoff.
parasitoid rare data-deficient North-America Braconidae Ichneumonoidea
Trophophion tenuiceps
Trophophion tenuiceps is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Cushman in 1947. It belongs to the genus Trophophion within the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. The species is poorly documented in published literature, with no observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the available data. Like other members of Ichneumonidae, it is presumed to be a parasitoid, though specific host associations and biology remain undocumented.
parasitoid data-deficient Cushman-1947
Trupanea pseudovicina
Trupanea pseudovicina is a species of tephritid fruit fly described by Hering in 1942. The species is known from very few observations and limited published records. It belongs to a genus whose members are commonly associated with plants in the Asteraceae family.
fruit-fly tephritid Nearctic Neotropical data-deficient
Trypeta fractura
Trypeta fractura is a species of fruit fly in the family Tephritidae, first described by Coquillett in 1902. The genus Trypeta belongs to the subfamily Trypetinae, a group characterized by distinctive wing patterns used in species identification. As with other tephritid fruit flies, T. fractura likely exhibits the family's typical wing patterning, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented in available literature.
fruit-fly Tephritidae Trypetinae Coquillett-1902 data-deficient
Trypetisoma eutretoides
Trypetisoma eutretoides is a species of small fly in the family Lauxaniidae, described by Arnaud in 1968. The genus Trypetisoma is characterized by distinctive wing patterns and body markings. Records of this species are sparse, with limited observational data available.
Diptera Lauxaniidae Trypetisoma data-deficient
Trypherus latipennis
Trypherus latipennis is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae, first described by Germar in 1824. It is native to North America, with confirmed records from Ontario, Canada. As a member of Cantharidae, it belongs to a family characterized by soft elytra and predatory or omnivorous feeding habits, though species-specific biology remains poorly documented.
soldier-beetle Cantharidae North-America Coleoptera data-deficient
Tsalia
Tsalia is a genus of mayflies in the family Ephemerellidae, established by Jacobus and McCafferty in 2008. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information on its species composition, biology, or ecology. As a member of Ephemerellidae, it belongs to a family commonly known as spiny-crawler mayflies, though genus-specific traits remain largely uncharacterized.
mayfly Ephemerellidae recently-described-genus data-deficient
Tsinilla lineana
Tsinilla lineana is a species of tortricid moth described by Fernald in 1901. It belongs to the subfamily Olethreutinae, a group of small to medium-sized moths commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths. The genus Tsinilla is a small, poorly documented group within the diverse Tortricidae family. Based on iNaturalist records, this species has been observed only a handful of times, indicating it is either genuinely rare, cryptic, or underreported.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae microlepidoptera data-deficient North-America
Tyloderma capitale
hidden snout weevil
Tyloderma capitale is a species of hidden snout weevil in the family Curculionidae. It was described by Wibmer in 1981. The species is known from North America, with confirmed records from Ontario, Canada. Like other members of the genus Tyloderma, it is characterized by a concealed rostrum that gives the group its common name.
weevil hidden-snout-weevil Curculionidae North-American-fauna data-deficient
Typhlusechus chemehuevii
Typhlusechus chemehuevii is a darkling beetle (family Tenebrionidae) described in 1985 from the southwestern United States. The species epithet honors the Chemehuevi people, whose traditional territory spans parts of California, Arizona, and Nevada. As a member of the genus Typhlusechus, it belongs to a group of small, often eye-reduced beetles associated with arid environments. The species remains poorly known due to limited collection records and no documented observations in biodiversity databases such as iNaturalist.
darkling-beetle Tenebrionidae desert-beetle eye-reduced Southwestern-United-States Chemehuevi 1985-description data-deficient cryptic-species
Ursia furtiva
Ursia furtiva is a moth species in the family Notodontidae, first described by André Blanchard in 1971. It is endemic to Texas in the United States. The species is known from very few records, with only one observation documented on iNaturalist. Its larvae feed on specific Prunus species native to the region.
endemic Texas Notodontidae prominent-moth Prunus-feeder data-deficient
Vanduzea albifrons
Vanduzea albifrons is a species of treehopper described by Fowler in 1895. It belongs to the family Membracidae, a group of insects known for their highly modified pronotum that often extends into elaborate projections. The species has been documented in North and Central America, with distribution records from California, Baja California, and Bocas del Toro. Like other treehoppers, it is presumed to feed on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts, though specific host plant associations have not been documented in the available sources.
treehopper Membracidae Hemiptera North-America Central-America sap-feeder Auchenorrhyncha Smiliinae Amastrini Vanduzea insect arthropod Fowler-1895 rarely-observed data-deficient
Vectura longiceps
Vectura longiceps is a species of soft-winged flower beetle in the family Melyridae. It is a poorly documented species with only six observations recorded on iNaturalist, suggesting it is either rare, cryptic, or undercollected. The genus Vectura contains species associated with vegetation in arid and semi-arid regions.
data-deficient Melyridae Coleoptera soft-winged-flower-beetle
Vecturoides
Vecturoides is a genus of soft-winged flower beetles (family Melyridae) established by Fall in 1930. The genus is currently classified as doubtful in GBIF, indicating taxonomic uncertainty regarding its validity or circumscription. Very few observations exist, with only 10 records on iNaturalist. As a poorly documented genus, most aspects of its biology remain unknown.
rare data-deficient taxonomic-uncertainty
Vecturoides pseudonycha
Vecturoides pseudonycha is a species of soft-bodied plant beetle in the family Melyridae. The genus Vecturoides is endemic to New Zealand, and this species is known from a small number of observations. Melyridae beetles are generally characterized by their soft, flexible elytra and often elongated bodies. The species has been documented through citizen science observations, but formal taxonomic description and ecological study remain limited.
endemic New-Zealand Melyridae soft-bodied-plant-beetle data-deficient
Vidia
Vidia is a genus of mites in the family Winterschmidtiidae (subfamily Ensliniellinae), first described by Oudemans in 1905. These mites belong to the order Sarcoptiformes, a group that includes many astigmatid mites associated with various habitats and hosts. The genus is part of the diverse mite fauna within the Acariformes subclass. Very few observations of this genus have been recorded in biodiversity databases.
mites astigmatid-mites Winterschmidtiidae Sarcoptiformes Arachnida poorly-known data-deficient
Villa nigricauda
Villa nigricauda is a species of bee fly (family Bombyliidae) first described by Loew in 1869. The genus Villa contains parasitoid flies whose larvae develop in the nests of bees and wasps. This species belongs to the subfamily Anthracinae and tribe Villini. Available information on this species is extremely limited, with only a single observation documented on iNaturalist and minimal published literature.
Bombyliidae bee-fly parasitoid Diptera Villa data-deficient
Wespus
Wespus is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae, established by Goodnight & Goodnight in 1942. It contains one described species, Wespus arkansasensis, known from Hot Springs, Arkansas. The genus belongs to the suborder Laniatores, a group of harvestmen characterized by robust bodies and raptorial pedipalps. Members are small, with the described species measuring approximately 2.2 mm in body length.
harvestman Opiliones Laniatores Phalangodidae North-America monotypic data-deficient
Xanthocomus rutilans
Xanthocomus rutilans is a species of beetle in the family Phalacridae, a group commonly known as shining flower beetles. The genus Xanthocomus is small and poorly documented in the literature. Available records from iNaturalist indicate very few observations, suggesting it is either genuinely rare, cryptic in habit, or underreported. No detailed biological studies appear to have been published on this species.
Coleoptera Phalacridae shining-flower-beetles data-deficient rarely-observed
Xanthomyia platyptera
Xanthomyia platyptera is a small tephritid fruit fly described by Loew in 1873. Originally placed in the genus Trypeta, it is now classified in Xanthomyia within the tribe Eutretini. The species is known from the United States, with limited published documentation beyond taxonomic records.
fruit-fly tephritid North-America data-deficient
Xanthonia marquai
Davis Mountains Juniper Xanthonian
Xanthonia marquai is a recently described species of leaf beetle (Chrysomelidae) endemic to the Davis Mountains in western Texas. The species was described in 2019 and is known from a single iNaturalist observation. It is associated with juniper vegetation in montane habitats.
endemic Texas Davis-Mountains leaf-beetle 2019-description data-deficient
Xerbus
Xerbus is a genus of planthoppers in the family Achilidae, described by O'Brien in 1971. It belongs to the tribe Plectoderini within the subfamily Myconinae. Members of this genus are part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, a group of sap-feeding insects. The genus is poorly known, with limited published information on its species diversity and biology.
Achilidae Fulgoroidea planthopper Plectoderini Myconinae data-deficient
Xestobium gaspensis
Gaspé Death-watch Beetle
Xestobium gaspensis is a small beetle species in the family Ptinidae, originally described from eastern Canada in 1975. The species is known from a limited number of records in Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Québec. It belongs to a genus commonly associated with wood-boring habits, though specific biology for this species remains poorly documented.
Coleoptera Ptinidae North-America Canada wood-boring-beetles data-deficient
Xyletinus lugubris
Xyletinus lugubris is a species of beetle in the family Ptinidae (formerly Anobiidae), described by LeConte in 1878. It is known from North America with records from Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario in Canada. The species belongs to a genus of beetles commonly associated with dead wood and wood-boring habits. Very little specific biological information has been documented for this particular species.
Coleoptera Ptinidae North-America wood-boring-beetles data-deficient
Xylophilus cylindriformis
Xylophilus cylindriformis is a species of false click beetle (family Eucnemidae) in the order Coleoptera. The species is known from a single observation record, indicating extreme rarity or limited detection in the field. Members of the genus Xylophilus are typically associated with dead or decaying wood, where larvae develop as saproxylic feeders. Adults are generally small to medium-sized beetles with elongated, cylindrical body forms.
Eucnemidae false-click-beetle saproxylic rare data-deficient
Xylotrechus obliteratus
Xylotrechus obliteratus is a longhorned beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1873. It belongs to the tribe Clytini, a group of wood-boring beetles often characterized by patterned or banded elytra. The species name 'obliteratus' (meaning 'obliterated' or 'erased') likely refers to reduced or indistinct markings compared to congeners. Like other members of the genus Xylotrechus, this species is associated with woody plants, though specific host records are limited in the available literature.
Cerambycidae Cerambycinae Clytini Xylotrechus longhorned-beetle wood-boring-beetle Nearctic LeConte-1873 data-deficient
Zabrops tagax
Zabrops tagax is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Samuel Wendell Williston in 1883. The genus Zabrops is a small group within the diverse Asilidae family, which comprises predatory flies known for their aerial hunting behavior. This species is known from very few records, with limited documentation of its biology and ecology. Robber flies in this genus are generally associated with arid and semi-arid regions of western North America.
robber-fly Asilidae predatory-fly rare-species data-deficient
Zabrotes bexarensis
Zabrotes bexarensis is a species of seed beetle in the subfamily Bruchinae, described by Kingsolver in 1990. The genus Zabrotes contains species associated with legume seeds, though specific biological details for this species remain limited. It is recorded from North America with very few documented observations.
seed-beetle Bruchinae legume-associated North-American data-deficient
Zamagiria laidion
Zamagiria laidion is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. It was described by Zeller in 1881. The species belongs to a genus of relatively obscure moths with limited documented information. Available records indicate very few observations, suggesting it is either rare, poorly surveyed, or restricted in distribution.
Pyralidae Phycitinae snout-moth rarely-recorded data-deficient
Zenodoxus sidalceae
Zenodoxus sidalceae is a clearwing moth in the family Sesiidae, described by Engelhardt in 1946. The species epithet 'sidalceae' suggests a likely association with plants in the genus Sidalcea (mallow family, Malvaceae), though this relationship requires confirmation. As a member of the Tinthiinae subfamily, it belongs to a group of sesiid moths often characterized by wasp-mimicking appearance and diurnal activity. The species is poorly known, with limited observational records.
clearwing-moth Sesiidae Tinthiinae Nearctic Alberta Engelhardt-1946 data-deficient
Zeropamera
Zeropamera is a genus of seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae, established by Barber in 1948. It belongs to the tribe Myodochini within the subfamily Rhyparochrominae. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with very few observations recorded. Members of this genus are true bugs (Hemiptera) characterized by their piercing-sucking mouthparts.
seed-bug true-bug Rhyparochromidae poorly-known data-deficient
Zomaria andromedana
Zomaria andromedana is a species of tortricid moth in the subfamily Olethreutinae, first described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1917. It belongs to a small genus of moths whose biology remains poorly documented. The species is known from limited observations, with most records originating from North America. Like other members of Olethreutinae, it likely has concealed larval habits, though specific host associations have not been established.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae North-America data-deficient genitalia-identification-required