Tortricidae
Guides
Acleris caliginosana
Acleris caliginosana is a tortricid moth species native to North America. It has been recorded across a broad geographic range spanning Canada and the United States. The species is associated with deciduous trees in the genera Alnus and Betula.
Acleris celiana
Celiana's Acleris
Acleris celiana, commonly known as Celiana's Acleris, is a small tortricid moth native to North America. Adults are active across a broad seasonal range from March through November. The species exhibits polyphagous larval feeding on woody plants in three genera: Prunus, Betula, and Salix.
Acleris clarkei
Acleris clarkei is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. The 'cf-' notation indicates a specimen that resembles A. clarkei but has not been definitively identified. Species in this genus are commonly known as leafroller moths due to larval feeding habits. Adults are small with distinctive wing patterns that aid identification.
Acleris comariana
strawberry tortrix
Acleris comariana, the strawberry tortrix, is a tortricid moth and significant agricultural pest of cultivated strawberries. Adults have two annual flight periods in summer and autumn. Larval feeding on flowers and leaves causes direct crop damage, including deformed or aborted berries. The species is difficult to distinguish from Acleris laterana without genitalic examination.
Acleris effractana
Hook-winged Tortrix Moth
Acleris effractana is a tortricid moth with a Holarctic distribution, found across northern Europe, northwestern Russia, Japan, Canada, and the northwestern United States. It is externally indistinguishable from Acleris emargana, requiring genital examination for positive identification. Adults are active from July to October. The species has historically been underreported due to confusion with its more common congener.
Acleris flavivittana
multiform leafroller moth
Acleris flavivittana, commonly known as the multiform leafroller moth, is a small tortricid moth native to eastern North America. The species exhibits year-round adult activity, an unusual trait among temperate moths. Larvae are documented to feed on apple (Malus pumila) and wild black cherry (Prunus pensylvanica), suggesting potential economic significance in orchards.
Acleris forbesana
Forbes' Acleris Moth
Acleris forbesana is a small tortricid moth native to North America. Adults are active in spring and again in summer through fall, producing two or more generations annually. The species is associated with dogwood species (Cornus), on which larvae feed.
Acleris fuscana
Small Aspen Leaftier Moth
Acleris fuscana is a small tortricid moth commonly known as the Small Aspen Leaftier Moth. The species has been recorded across northern Europe and North America, with observations concentrated in boreal and hemiboreal regions. It is treated as an ambiguous synonym of Acleris obtusana in some taxonomic sources, reflecting ongoing nomenclatural uncertainty. The common name references larval behavior of tying aspen leaves together.
Acleris inana
Acleris inana-of-authors is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. The name "inana-of-authors" indicates a name that has been used by various authors but whose application is problematic or uncertain, often reflecting historical confusion with other species. The species belongs to the large genus Acleris, which contains numerous leafroller moths. Reliable biological and ecological information for this specific entity is limited due to taxonomic uncertainty.
Acleris kearfottana
Acleris kearfottana is a small tortricid moth with a wingspan of approximately 15 mm. It is known from northeastern North America, with records from Maine, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, and West Virginia. Adults are active in spring, summer, and late autumn, suggesting a possible multivoltine life cycle. The larvae feed on specific host plants including sweetfern (Comptonia peregrina), bayberries (Myrica species), and witch-hazel (Hamamelis).
Acleris maculidorsana
stained-back leafroller moth
Acleris maculidorsana, commonly known as the stained-back leafroller moth, is a small tortricid moth native to eastern North America. Adults are active nearly year-round in southern portions of its range. The species is associated with several woody and herbaceous host plants, including members of Ericaceae, Hypericaceae, and Ericaceae. Larvae are leafrollers that feed on foliage of their host plants.
Acleris negundana
speckled acleris moth
Acleris negundana, the speckled acleris moth, is a small tortricid moth native to eastern North America. Adults are active nearly year-round and have a wingspan of 16–17 mm. The species is strongly associated with its larval host plant, Acer negundo (boxelder), from which its specific epithet is derived.
Acleris nigrolinea
Black-lined Acleris
Acleris nigrolinea is a tortricid moth native to North America, commonly known as the Black-lined Acleris. The species exhibits broad geographic distribution across Canada and the United States. Adults are active nearly year-round in suitable climates. Larvae feed on a diverse range of woody plants including birch, cherry, poplar, fir, pine, and willow.
Acleris pulverosana
Acleris pulverosana is a synonym of Acleris hastiana, a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. The name was described by Francis Walker in 1863 but is not currently accepted as a valid species. Records exist from Belgium, suggesting it has been historically documented in western Europe. As a synonym, biological information attributed to this name should be verified against current taxonomy under Acleris hastiana.
Acleris santacrucis
Acleris santacrucis is a small tortricid moth described by Obraztsov in 1963. It is known only from California in western North America. The species has a wingspan of approximately 14 mm. Adults are active from June through August and again in October.
Acleris semiannula
Half-ringed Acleris Moth
Acleris semiannula is a small tortricid moth found across eastern and central North America. Adults are active year-round and have a wingspan of 12–15 mm. Larvae develop on three documented host plants: red maple, silver maple, and white oak. The species was originally described as Teras semiannula by Robinson in 1869.
Acleris variana
Eastern Black-headed Budworm, Black-headed Budworm
Acleris variana is a tortricid moth endemic to North American coniferous forests, ranging from Cape Breton Island to Alaska. The species is a recurrent epidemic defoliator of coniferous trees, with periodic population outbreaks causing significant forest damage. Larvae feed on multiple conifer genera with regionally variable host preferences. Population trends are strongly influenced by weather conditions, particularly cold, wet periods that increase larval mortality.
Acleris viburnana
Viburnum Acleris Moth
Acleris viburnana is a tortricid moth currently treated as a synonym of Acleris schalleriana (Clemens, 1860). It is associated with viburnum plants, as indicated by its specific epithet and common name. Records exist from Belgium and the Azores (Pico, São Miguel). The species has been documented on iNaturalist with over 1,300 observations, suggesting it is regularly encountered by observers.
Actia diffidens
Actia diffidens is a tachinid fly (family Tachinidae) described by Curran in 1933. It belongs to the autumnalis species group within the genus Actia. The species is a known parasitoid of tortricid moth larvae, specifically recorded as a parasite of Peronea variana (black-headed budworm) in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Its immature stages develop within a secondary integumental funnel—an ingrowth of the host body wall located on either side of the host larva's mesothorax. The species occurs across eastern and central North America.
Adoxophyes
Summerfruit tortrix moths
Adoxophyes is a genus of tortricid moths in the tribe Archipini, established by Meyrick in 1881. The genus includes economically significant agricultural pests, most notably Adoxophyes orana (summerfruit tortrix), which damages fruit crops across Europe and Asia. Species in this genus are characterized by their polyvoltine life cycles, larval feeding on buds, leaves, and fruits of numerous host plants, and the use of sex pheromones for mate location. Several species have been introduced to new regions, causing significant damage to orchards and requiring integrated pest management.
Aethes
Conch moths
Aethes is a genus of small tortricid moths (family Tortricidae, subfamily Tortricinae, tribe Cochylini) comprising approximately 70-75 described species distributed across the Palaearctic region. Species are characterized by small size (wingspans typically 8-23 mm), narrow forewings, and often subtle coloration in yellow, brown, or grey tones with variable fasciation patterns. Larvae are generally associated with Asteraceae, feeding in stems, roots, and seed heads of host plants. The genus includes several well-known species such as Aethes cnicana (Thistle Conch) and Aethes hartmanniana that have been subject to intensive ecological study.
Aethes angulatana
Angular Aethes Moth, angular aethes
Aethes angulatana, commonly known as the Angular Aethes Moth, is a small tortricid moth described by Robinson in 1869. Adults are active during summer months, with flight periods varying by latitude. The species is relatively well-documented with over 200 iNaturalist observations.
Aethes argentilimitana
Silver-bordered Aethes
Aethes argentilimitana, commonly known as the silver-bordered aethes, is a small tortricid moth native to North America. The species inhabits dry, open meadows and fields across a broad eastern and central range extending from Ontario south to Mississippi. Adults are active from spring through late summer, with multiple generations likely occurring annually. The species is relatively well-documented, with over 1,400 observations recorded.
Aethes atomosana
Two-spotted Aethes
Aethes atomosana, commonly known as the two-spotted aethes, is a small tortricid moth native to eastern North America. Adults are active during summer months, with forewings measuring 6.6–9.8 mm and displaying distinctive ochreous coloration with darker scaling. The species appears to have a single annual generation.
Aethes baloghi
A small tortricid moth of North American prairies. Adults are active from spring through late summer, with forewings measuring 4–6.8 mm. The species was described in 2002 and named for entomologist George J. Balogh.
Aethes deutschiana
Aethes deutschiana is a small tortricid moth first described by Zetterstedt in 1839. It belongs to the genus Aethes, a group of moths commonly known as false bell moths or flat-bodied moths. The species has a notably broad geographic range spanning the Palearctic region and extending to North America, suggesting either natural dispersal capabilities or possible human-mediated introduction to the Nearctic.
Aethes floccosana
A small tortricid moth native to the eastern and central United States. First described in 1863, this species is characterized by its compact size and relatively restricted geographic range. Adults are active during late spring and early summer. The species has been documented across seven states but remains poorly studied regarding its biology and ecology.
Aethes louisiana
Aethes louisiana is a small tortricid moth described from the United States in 1907. The species is distinguished by its light straw-colored forewings with golden yellow overlay and two dark golden brown basal fasciae. It has been recorded from Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana, with adults active during late spring. The species name reflects its association with the state of Louisiana, though current records suggest a broader midwestern distribution.
Aethes patricia
Aethes patricia is a species of tortricid moth described by Metzler in 2000. It is known from a limited geographic range in the north-central United States, specifically Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. As a member of the genus Aethes, it belongs to a group of small moths commonly known as tortricid moths or leafroller moths. The species appears to be relatively poorly documented, with only 65 observations recorded on iNaturalist as of the available data.
Aethes rana
A small tortricid moth described by August Busck in 1907. Adults have a wingspan of 16–18 mm and are active from July to September in the eastern and midwestern United States. The species is characterized by distinctive forewing coloration: a whitish ocherous base strongly suffused with dark fuscous and marked with blackish-brown patterns.
Aethes sonorae
streaked aethes moth
Aethes sonorae is a small tortricid moth with a wingspan of approximately 13 mm. The species was described by Walsingham in 1884 from Sonora, Mexico, and has since been recorded from the southern United States. It belongs to the genus Aethes, a diverse group of small moths commonly known as the aethes moths.
Aethes terriae
Aethes terriae is a small tortricid moth described in 2002. It is known from only three US states in the Great Lakes and mid-Atlantic regions. The species name honors Terri Balogh.
Ahmosia
Ahmosia is a genus of tortricid moths in the subfamily Olethreutinae, established by Heinrich in 1926. The genus contains two described species: Ahmosia aspasiana and Ahmosia galbinea. These moths are part of the diverse Tortricidae family, commonly known as leafroller moths. The genus is rarely encountered, with limited observational records available.
Amorbia
leafroller moths
Amorbia is a New World genus of tortricid moths containing approximately 29 species distributed from Brazil through Central America, the Caribbean, Mexico, and into the United States and Canada. Larvae of at least some species are known leafrollers that feed on host plants including blackberry (Rubus). The genus has been subject to systematic revision, with eight informal species groups proposed based on morphological characters. Several species are of economic concern as pests of Rubus crops in Mexico.
Amorbia concavana
Amorbia concavana is a tortricid moth species distributed from Panama through Mexico and Cuba, with recent establishment in southern Florida. Forewing length ranges from 7.5–8.6 mm. The larvae are polyphagous, feeding on multiple plant genera including Inga, Phaseolus, Mimosa, and Hammelia.
Amorbia emigratella
Mexican leaf-roller
Amorbia emigratella, commonly known as the Mexican leaf-roller, is a tortricid moth native to the southern United States, Mexico, and Central America. It was first described from Hawaii in 1910 by August Busck, where it has become established on all major islands. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in forewing length and undergoes multiple generations annually. Larvae are polyphagous, feeding on a broad range of cultivated and wild plants.
Amorbia synneurana
Amorbia synneurana is a synonym of Amorbia cuneana (Walsingham), commonly known as the western avocado leafroller moth. The name was proposed by Barnes & Busck in 1920 but was synonymized with A. cuneana in the 2007 revision of the genus Amorbia. No biological data specific to A. synneurana as a distinct entity exists; records under this name refer to A. cuneana.
Amorbia vero
Amorbia vero is a tortricid moth species described by Powell & Brown in 2012. It is endemic to southern Florida, where it inhabits subtropical environments. As a member of the genus Amorbia, it belongs to the leafroller moth group, though specific ecological details remain undocumented.
Ancylis
Ancylis is a genus of tortricid moths in the subfamily Olethreutinae, tribe Enarmoniini. Species are commonly known as leafrollers or leaf folders, with larvae that construct silk shelters by folding or rolling host plant leaves. The genus has a Holarctic distribution with some species also recorded from the Oriental region and South America. Several species are economically significant agricultural pests, including the strawberry leafroller (A. comptana) and the jujube leafroller (A. sativa). Taxonomic revision using DNA barcoding has clarified species boundaries, revealing that presumed Holarctic distributions were often due to misidentification.
Ancylis
Ancylis is a genus of tortricid moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) commonly known as leafroller moths. Species in this genus are typically small moths with mottled or banded forewings. Many are univoltine and associated with specific host plants, with larvae that fold or roll leaves of trees and shrubs. The genus has a Holarctic distribution with some species also recorded from Asia. Several species are of economic importance as pests of fruit crops and forestry trees.
Ancylis apicana
Raspberry Leaffolder Moth
Ancylis apicana, commonly known as the Raspberry Leaffolder Moth, is a small tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. The species is distributed across central and western Canada and the northern United States. Larvae are associated with Rubus species, particularly raspberry, where they fold leaves and feed within. Adults are active during the summer months.
Ancylis comptana
Strawberry leafroller
Ancylis comptana is a tortricid moth whose larvae roll leaves of strawberry plants, historically recognized as a significant pest in North American strawberry cultivation. The species has undergone taxonomic revision, with populations formerly identified as A. comptana now often assigned to A. fragariae or other species, creating confusion in older literature. Adults are small moths with distinctive wing patterns. The species complex remains under study.
Ancylis diminuatana
A tortricid moth reinstated as a valid species by Huemer and Gilligan (2016) following taxonomic revision of the Ancylis geminana group. Previously treated as a synonym of A. diminutana (Haworth), it is now recognized as distinct based on DNA barcode data and morphological differences. The species is not Holarctic in distribution, unlike some related Ancylis species.
Ancylis discigerana
Yellow Birch Leaffolder Moth, Birch Leaffolder
Ancylis discigerana is a small tortricid moth specialized on yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis). The species completes one generation annually, with larvae that fold leaves to feed within protected shelters. It is restricted to northeastern North America where its host tree occurs.
Ancylis maritima
Ancylis maritima is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, described by Harrison Gray Dyar in 1904. It belongs to the genus Ancylis, a group of small moths commonly known as leafroller moths or tortrix moths. The specific epithet 'maritima' suggests a possible association with coastal or maritime habitats, though this has not been confirmed by available sources. Very little is known about the biology, ecology, or distribution of this species beyond its taxonomic classification.
Ancylis muricana
Red-headed Ancylis Moth
Ancylis muricana is a small tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, commonly known as the Red-headed Ancylis Moth. The species was described by Walsingham in 1879 from specimens collected in North America. It is a member of the diverse genus Ancylis, which contains many species of leaf-roller moths. The common name refers to the distinctive reddish coloration of the head in adult specimens.
Ancylis nubeculana
Little Cloud Ancylis Moth
Ancylis nubeculana, known as the Little Cloud Ancylis Moth, is a species of tortricid moth described by James Brackenridge Clemens in 1860. The species belongs to the subfamily Olethreutinae within the family Tortricidae, a large group of small moths commonly called leafroller moths. It has been documented across parts of Canada and the northern United States. The common name references the distinctive cloud-like markings on its forewings.
Ancylis subaequana fergusoni
Ancylis subaequana fergusoni is a subspecies of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. It belongs to the large genus Ancylis, which comprises small leafroller moths. The subspecies designation indicates geographic or morphological differentiation from the nominate form. As a member of the Tortricidae, it likely exhibits the characteristic bell-shaped resting posture and forewings with a squared-off apex typical of the family.
Ancylis tineana
Rannoch Roller
Ancylis tineana is a small tortricid moth with a wingspan of 11–15 mm. It has a broad distribution across the Palearctic, from southern Sweden through Asia Minor, the Trans-Caucasus, Siberia, and eastern Russia, with introduced populations in North America. In Europe, it produces two generations annually. The species is known to feed on a range of woody plants and can occasionally become a minor pest in orchards.
Ancylis uncella
Bridge Roller
Ancylis uncella is a small tortricid moth with a Holarctic distribution spanning the Palearctic region and North America. First described from the Vienna area in 1775, it has been recorded across Europe and was recently confirmed from China. The species is distinguished by reddish-brown forewings with grey dorsal spots and light costal lines. Larvae feed on birch and heather.