Synonym
Guides
Abagrotis benjamini
Coastal Heathland Cutworm Moth
Abagrotis benjamini is a moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Franclemont in 1955. It is currently treated as a synonym of Abagrotis nefascia. The species is known from coastal heathland habitats in North America, with records from Alberta, Canada. As a member of the cutworm moth group, it likely shares ecological traits with related Abagrotis species, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Acleris pulverosana
Acleris pulverosana is a synonym of Acleris hastiana, a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae. The name was described by Francis Walker in 1863 but is not currently accepted as a valid species. Records exist from Belgium, suggesting it has been historically documented in western Europe. As a synonym, biological information attributed to this name should be verified against current taxonomy under Acleris hastiana.
Acleris viburnana
Viburnum Acleris Moth
Acleris viburnana is a tortricid moth currently treated as a synonym of Acleris schalleriana (Clemens, 1860). It is associated with viburnum plants, as indicated by its specific epithet and common name. Records exist from Belgium and the Azores (Pico, São Miguel). The species has been documented on iNaturalist with over 1,300 observations, suggesting it is regularly encountered by observers.
Acronicta liturata
Acronicta liturata is a moth species in the family Noctuidae, originally described by Smith in 1897. It is currently treated as a synonym of Acronicta brumosa in taxonomic databases. The species belongs to the dagger moth genus Acronicta, a group known for caterpillars with distinctive tufts or 'daggers' of setae. Like other members of this genus, it is presumed to have a life cycle involving herbivorous larval stages and nocturnal adult moths.
Acupalpus punctulatus
Marsh ground beetle
Acupalpus punctulatus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, tribe Stenolophini. It was described by Hatch in 1953 and is currently treated as a synonym of Anthracus punctulatus in some taxonomic databases. The species is known by the common name "marsh ground beetle," suggesting an association with wetland or moist habitats. Very few observations exist in public databases, indicating it may be rarely encountered or underreported.
Acupalpus tener
A small ground beetle in the family Carabidae, originally described by LeConte in 1857. Currently treated as a synonym of Anthracus tener. The species is part of the tribe Stenolophini, a group of small carabid beetles commonly found in various terrestrial habitats.
Acylophorus pratensis
Acylophorus pratensis is a rove beetle species in the family Staphylinidae, first described by LeConte in 1863. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Amacylophorus pratensis. It has been documented in limited observations across parts of Canada and the northeastern and midwestern United States.
Admontia rufochaeta
Admontia rufochaeta is a tachinid fly described by Curran in 1927. It is currently recognized as a junior synonym of Admontia nasoni. The species was originally described from North American material. As a synonym, it retains no independent taxonomic status.
Agabus cordatus
Agabus cordatus is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae, originally described by LeConte in 1853. It is currently treated as a synonym of Ilybiosoma cordatum, a genus distinguished from Agabus by subtle morphological features of the male genitalia and body proportions. Like other members of the subfamily Agabinae, it is an aquatic beetle inhabiting freshwater systems. Records indicate presence in North America.
Agabus triton
Agabus triton is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae, described by Fall in 1922. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Agabus amnicola. It has been recorded from Europe, Northern Asia (excluding China), and North America. As a member of the Dytiscidae, it belongs to a family of aquatic beetles adapted to life in freshwater habitats.
Agrilaxia arizonae
Agrilaxia arizonae is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle (family Buprestidae) native to the southwestern United States and Mexico. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Agrilaxia flavimana, though this status remains ambiguous in some taxonomic sources. It is associated with oak habitats in montane regions of Arizona and has been collected by sweeping foliage of Quercus arizonica (Arizona white oak) and other oak species.
Aleochara littoralis
Aleochara littoralis is a species of rove beetle in the family Staphylinidae, first described by Wollaston in 1864. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Aleochara obscurella in some taxonomic databases, though this status appears inconsistent across sources. It has been recorded from Europe, Morocco, and the Canary Islands.
Allonemobius sparsalus
Allonemobius sparsalus is a small cricket species described by Fulton in 1930, currently treated as a synonym within the genus Allonemobius (family Trigonidiidae). The species has been recorded from coastal and southeastern United States localities. Like other members of Allonemobius, it belongs to a group of ground-dwelling crickets often associated with moist or grassy habitats. The taxonomic status of this name requires verification against current revisions of the genus.
Amorbia synneurana
Amorbia synneurana is a synonym of Amorbia cuneana (Walsingham), commonly known as the western avocado leafroller moth. The name was proposed by Barnes & Busck in 1920 but was synonymized with A. cuneana in the 2007 revision of the genus Amorbia. No biological data specific to A. synneurana as a distinct entity exists; records under this name refer to A. cuneana.
Amphigonalia aridella
Amphigonalia aridella is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, originally described by DeLong in 1948. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Neokolla aridella. It has been recorded from arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Amphinemura linda
Amphinemura linda is a species of spring stonefly in the family Nemouridae. It was described by Ricker in 1952. The species is currently considered a synonym of Amphinemura palmeni. It has been recorded from North America, with distribution records from Alberta, Alaska, British Columbia, and Iowa, as well as from Finland.
Amplicephalus nebulosus
Amplicephalus nebulosus is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, originally described as Endria nebulosa by Ball in 1900. It is currently treated as a synonym of Endria nebulosa in major taxonomic databases. The species has been recorded from both North America (Colorado) and parts of Asia (Buryat, Chita, Chuvash, Hentiy regions), indicating a transcontinental distribution. As a member of the subfamily Deltocephalinae, it belongs to a large and diverse group of leafhoppers with varied host plant associations.
Andrena cyanura
Andrena cyanura is a species of mining bee in the family Andrenidae, described by Cockerell in 1916. It is currently treated as a synonym of Andrena transnigra in major taxonomic databases including Catalogue of Life and GBIF. The species was originally described from North America. As a member of the genus Andrena, it would share the general biology of mining bees: solitary, ground-nesting bees that excavate tunnels in soil to provision with pollen for their larvae.
Anomala carlsoni
Anomala carlsoni is a species of scarab beetle described by Hardy in 1976. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Leptohoplia carlsoni in some taxonomic databases, reflecting ongoing taxonomic uncertainty in the Rutelinae subfamily. The species is known from California, USA, placing it within the Nearctic realm. Like other members of the genus Anomala, it belongs to the chafer group of scarab beetles, though specific ecological and biological details remain undocumented in the available literature.
Anomala cavifrons
Anomala cavifrons is a species of shining leaf chafer in the family Scarabaeidae, originally described by LeConte in 1868. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Paranomala cavifrons. It belongs to the subfamily Rutelinae, a group commonly known as shining leaf chafers. Limited specific information is available regarding its biology and ecology.
Anomala flavilla
shining leaf chafer
Anomala flavilla is a species of shining leaf chafer in the family Scarabaeidae. The species was described by Bates in 1888 and is currently recognized as a synonym of Paranomala flavilla in some taxonomic databases. As a member of the subfamily Rutelinae, it belongs to a group of scarab beetles commonly known as shining leaf chafers, characterized by their metallic or iridescent coloration. Information regarding its biology, distribution, and ecology remains limited in available sources.
Anomala flavipennis okaloosensis
Panhandle Beach Anomala Beetle
Anomala flavipennis okaloosensis is a subspecies of scarab beetle described by Potts in 1977. It is currently treated as a synonym in major taxonomic databases, with the accepted name being Paranomala flavipennis. The subspecies epithet "okaloosensis" suggests a geographic association with Okaloosa County or the Florida Panhandle region. Like other members of the genus Anomala, it belongs to the tribe Anomalini within the subfamily Rutelinae, a group commonly known as shining leaf chafers.
Anomala foraminosa
shining leaf chafer
Anomala foraminosa is a species of shining leaf chafer in the family Scarabaeidae. The species was described by Bates in 1888 and is currently classified under the genus Anomala, though it has also been placed in Paranomala in some taxonomic treatments. As a member of the Rutelinae subfamily, it belongs to a diverse group of scarab beetles commonly known as shining leaf chafers. The species has been documented in 61 observations on iNaturalist.
Anomala hardyorum
Hardy's Dune Beetle, Hardys' dune beetle
Anomala hardyorum, commonly known as Hardy's Dune Beetle, is a species of shining leaf chafer in the family Scarabaeidae. The species was described by Potts in 1976 and is endemic to the Algodones Dunes of North America. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Paranomala hardyorum in some taxonomic databases. As a member of the genus Anomala, it belongs to a group of scarab beetles commonly referred to as chafers or shining leaf chafers.
Anomala oblivia
pine chafer
Anomala oblivia, commonly known as the pine chafer, is a species of shining leaf chafer in the family Scarabaeidae. It was described by Horn in 1884. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Paranomala oblivia in some taxonomic databases. Very little specific information is available about its biology or ecology.
Anomala undulata
shining leaf chafer
Anomala undulata is a species of shining leaf chafer in the family Scarabaeidae. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Paranomala undulata according to GBIF taxonomy. The species was described by Melsheimer in 1845 and belongs to the diverse group of scarab beetles commonly known as chafers, many of which are associated with feeding on plant material.
Anoplius brevihirta
Anoplius brevihirta is a species of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae. According to current taxonomic databases, this name is treated as a synonym of Anoplius cylindricus. The species was originally described by Nathan Banks in 1945. As a member of the genus Anoplius, it belongs to a diverse group of spider wasps known for hunting wolf spiders and other ground-dwelling spiders to provision their nests.
Anthepiscopus
Anthepiscopus is a genus of small flies originally described by Becker in 1891. It is currently treated as a synonym of Iteaphila within the family Iteaphilidae, though some sources still list it under Empididae. The genus contains at least two described species, including A. caelebs (the type species) and A. antipodus. These flies are found in Europe and northern North America.
Anthonomus consors
cherry curculio
Anthonomus consors, commonly known as the cherry curculio, is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. The species was described by Dietz in 1891. It belongs to the genus Anthonomus, a large and economically significant group of weevils that includes several agricultural pests. The common name suggests an association with cherry plants, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in available sources.
Antistrophus pisum
Antistrophus pisum is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. It is a synonym of Antistrophus lygodesmiaepisum, a monophagous cynipid wasp that induces pea-like stem galls on the rush skeletonplant (Lygodesmia juncea). The species occurs in the Loess Hills region of western Iowa and extreme northwestern Missouri, where its host plant persists as a hypsithermal relict in hilltop prairie remnants. The galls are solid, succulent structures that exude latex-like sap when damaged.
Apanteles diacrisiae
Apanteles diacrisiae is a species of braconid wasp described by Risbec in 1951. According to GBIF and Catalogue of Life records, this name is currently treated as a synonym of Apanteles bambeytriplus. The genus Apanteles belongs to the subfamily Microgastrinae, a diverse group of small parasitoid wasps (typically 1-5 mm) that are among the most common parasitoids recovered from caterpillars. Species in this genus are known to parasitize lepidopteran larvae, with many showing high host specificity.
Apogeshna acestealis
Apogeshna acestealis is a moth species described by Walker in 1859. It is currently treated as a junior synonym of Apogeshna stenialis, commonly known as the checkered apogeshna moth. The species belongs to the family Crambidae and subfamily Spilomelinae. Records indicate it has been documented in Vermont and other parts of the United States.
Aporus luxus assimilis
Aporus luxus assimilis is a subspecies of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae, originally described by Banks in 1917. Current taxonomic databases list this name as a synonym of Aporus luxus rather than a valid subspecies. The parent species A. luxus is a small iridescent blue-black wasp, 8–15 mm in length, known from western North America. Adults are commonly found on flowers of umbellifers and other plants where they feed on nectar. Females hunt trapdoor spiders (family Euctenizidae), paralyzing them and using the spider's own burrow as a nest for their offspring.
Apterodryinus
Apterodryinus is a genus of dryinid wasps erected by R. Perkins in 1907. The genus is currently treated as a synonym of Gonatopus. It was established for species characterized by reduced or absent wings in females. Records indicate presence in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
Arachnospila arcta
Arachnospila arcta is a species of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae, first described by Cresson in 1865. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Arachnospila arctus. Members of this genus are solitary wasps that provision nests with paralyzed spiders. The taxon has been documented in very few observations, suggesting it is either rare, undercollected, or primarily of historical taxonomic interest due to its synonym status.
Arachnospila scelestus
Arachnospila scelestus is a species of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae. The species was originally described as Pompilus scelestus by Cresson in 1865 and later transferred to the genus Arachnospila. As with other members of this family, it is presumed to be a solitary wasp that hunts spiders to provision nests for its offspring, though specific natural history details for this species remain poorly documented. The species is currently treated as a synonym in some taxonomic databases, reflecting ongoing revisions within the genus.
Aradus crenatus
flat bug
Aradus crenatus is a species of flat bug in the family Aradidae, first described by Thomas Say in 1832. The species has been recorded from Central America and North America, with additional reports from Europe. GBIF indicates its current accepted status is as a synonym of Aradus conspicuus, though this taxonomic treatment may vary across sources. As with other members of the genus Aradus, it belongs to a group of cryptic insects associated with dead wood habitats.
Argia fumipennis atra
Black Dancer
Argia fumipennis atra is a subspecies of damselfly commonly known as the Black Dancer. It belongs to the family Coenagrionidae and is currently treated as a synonym of Argia fumipennis. The subspecies was described by Gloyd in 1968 and is found in North America and Middle America, with confirmed presence in Vermont, USA. As a member of the genus Argia, it shares the typical characteristics of dancer damselflies, which are known for their distinctive wing-flicking behavior.
Asciodes quietalis
Asciodes quietalis is a moth species originally described by Walker in 1859 as Scoparia quietalis. It is currently treated as a synonym of Asciodes gordialis, a species in the family Crambidae (subfamily Spilomelinae). The taxon has been documented in 46 iNaturalist observations. As a synonym, it does not represent a currently recognized valid species, and biological information attributed to this name should be referred to the accepted species Asciodes gordialis.
Asiopus
Asiopus is a genus of leaf beetles in the family Chrysomelidae, currently treated as a synonym of Cryptocephalus. It was established by Lopatin in 1965 for certain Palaearctic species. The genus name continues to appear in some databases and literature due to historical usage. Species formerly placed in Asiopus share the general characteristics of Cryptocephalus, including compact bodies and enlarged hind femora.
Aspila
Aspila is a junior synonym of Grapholita, a genus of tortrix moths in the family Tortricidae. The name was established by Stephens in 1834 but has been synonymized under Grapholita, which is the type genus of the tribe Grapholitini within the subfamily Olethreutinae. Specimens historically identified under Aspila are now classified within Grapholita.
Asterocampa celtis antonia
Empress Antonia
Asterocampa celtis antonia is a subspecies of tawny emperor butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Asterocampa leilia according to GBIF taxonomy, though NCBI and iNaturalist maintain it as a distinct subspecies. The taxon was originally described by W.H. Edwards in 1878 as Apatura antonia.
Ataenius punctifrons
Ataenius punctifrons is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, originally described by Cartwright in 1974. GBIF records indicate this name is currently treated as a synonym of Ataenius texanus. The species has been documented from the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, including multiple U.S. states and Mexican states as well as parts of Central America and the Caribbean.
Auleutes asper
minute seed weevil
Auleutes asper is a species of minute seed weevil in the family Curculionidae. It is native to North America and is currently classified as a synonym of Lixus asper. As a member of the tribe Auleutini, it belongs to a group of small weevils associated with seeds.
Baphala
snout moths
Baphala is a genus of snout moths established by Carl Heinrich in 1956. It is currently treated as a junior synonym of Vitula, a genus within the subfamily Phycitinae of the family Pyralidae. The genus originally included seven described species, with Baphala pallida (Comstock, 1880) being among the earliest described. Species originally placed in Baphala are now classified under Vitula.
Belladonna
Belladonna
Belladonna is a genus of bulbous flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, native to South Africa. The most notable species, Amaryllis belladonna, is commonly known as the belladonna lily or 'naked lady' due to its leafless flowering stalks in summer. The name 'belladonna' derives from Italian, meaning 'beautiful lady.' The genus is now treated as a synonym of Amaryllis in modern taxonomy. Plants in this group produce showy pink flowers that attract pollinators including honey bees.
Bembidion amnicum
Bembidion amnicum is a synonym of Bembidion nubiculosum, a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. The name was published by Casey in 1918. The currently accepted name is Bembidion (Notaphus) nubiculosum.
Bembidion intermedium
Bembidion intermedium is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is currently classified as a synonym of Bembidion (Peryphus) lenae in some taxonomic treatments, though GBIF recognizes it as an accepted species. The species was described by Poppius in 1906 and is known from North America.
Benthalia
Benthalia is a genus of non-biting midges in the family Chironomidae, established by Lipina in 1939. The genus is currently treated as a synonym of Einfeldia in the Catalogue of Life, reflecting ongoing taxonomic revision in the Chironomini tribe. Species historically placed in Benthalia are primarily benthic, inhabiting the bottom sediments of aquatic environments.
Boloria chariclea rainieri
Tacoma Fritillary
Boloria chariclea rainieri is a subspecies of fritillary butterfly in the family Nymphalidae, known by the common name Tacoma Fritillary. It was described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1913. GBIF lists this name as a synonym, with the accepted name placed in the genus Clossiana as Clossiana chariclea. The subspecies appears to be associated with the Pacific Northwest region of North America based on its epithet.