Ant
Guides
Anochetus mayri
Mayr's Lesser Trap-jaw Ant
Anochetus mayri is a species of trap-jaw ant in the subfamily Ponerinae, distributed across much of northern and central South America. Like other members of the genus Anochetus, it possesses enlarged mandibles capable of rapid closure to capture prey. The species was described by Carlo Emery in 1884 and remains relatively understudied compared to its congener Anochetus simoni. Records indicate presence in Brazil, Colombia, and other Neotropical regions, primarily in forested habitats.
Aphaenogaster fulva
Tawny Collared Ant
Aphaenogaster fulva is a species of myrmicine ant in the genus Aphaenogaster, first described by Roger in 1863. It is part of a species complex that has undergone taxonomic revision, with some authorities treating related forms as separate species or subspecies. The species has been studied for its spatial distribution patterns in temperate forests, particularly in relation to environmental gradients such as soil moisture and vegetation cover. Like other Aphaenogaster species, it is a ground-nesting ant with generalist foraging habits.
Aphaenogaster huachucana
Aphaenogaster huachucana is a rarely collected ant species described from the Huachuca Mountains of Arizona. The sexual forms (males and females) were described for the first time in 1951. Two subspecies are recognized: A. h. huachucana and A. h. crinimera. The species belongs to the spine-waisted ant genus Aphaenogaster, which includes frequent hosts for myrmecophilous beetles in the southwestern United States.
Aphaenogaster occidentalis
Western Collared Ant
Aphaenogaster occidentalis is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, commonly known as the Western Collared Ant. It is a generalist omnivore found in western North America. The species is known to be maintained in live colonies for research and educational display purposes, including at the Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis.
Aphaenogaster patruelis
Aphaenogaster patruelis is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, first described by Auguste Forel in 1886. The species comprises two recognized subspecies: A. p. patruelis and A. p. carbonaria. It is known to play significant ecological roles in temperate forest ecosystems, particularly in soil aeration and seed dispersal. The species has been observed contributing to nutrient cycling by transporting seeds and organic material underground.
Aphaenogaster rudis
Winnow Ant
Aphaenogaster rudis is a common woodland ant in eastern North American hardwood forests, known for its distinctive seed dispersal behavior and frequent colony relocations. Colonies are moderate in size and nest in soil under stones or logs. The species exhibits tool use through debris dropping during foraging, a specialized task performed by subsets of workers. A. rudis is an ecologically dominant forest ant with generalized seasonal activity and no strong food preferences, allowing it to maintain broad temporal and spatial niches in sympatry with other ant species.
Aphaenogaster tennesseensis
Tennessee Collared Ant, Tennessee Spine-waisted Ant
Aphaenogaster tennesseensis is a medium-sized ant species in the family Formicidae, commonly known as the Tennessee Collared Ant or Tennessee Spine-waisted Ant. It belongs to the genus Aphaenogaster, a diverse group of ants found primarily in temperate and subtropical regions. The species has been documented in the eastern United States, with records from Vermont and other states. Workers have been observed foraging on fungi and scavenging dead or injured insects.
Aphaenogaster treatae
Treat's Collared Ant
Aphaenogaster treatae, commonly known as Treat's Collared Ant, is a species of ant in the genus Aphaenogaster. Described by Forel in 1886, this species belongs to the tribe Stenammini within the subfamily Myrmicinae. The species has been documented through 188 iNaturalist observations, indicating it is a recognized though not extensively studied member of the eastern temperate forest ant fauna. As with many Aphaenogaster species, it is likely a ground-nesting ant, though specific natural history details remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Aphaenogaster uinta
Aphaenogaster uinta is a myrmicine ant species described by Wheeler in 1917. It is native to the western United States and may also occur in Saskatchewan, Canada. Like other members of the genus Aphaenogaster, it belongs to the spine-waisted ant group, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Apocephalus
ant-decapitating flies, scuttle flies (informal)
Apocephalus is a genus of phorid flies comprising at least 300 described species, commonly known as ant-decapitating flies. Species within this genus are primarily parasitoids of ants, with females laying eggs in hosts that subsequently develop into larvae that consume the host from within, often resulting in host decapitation. The genus has gained particular attention due to Apocephalus borealis, which parasitizes honey bees and causes aberrant nocturnal behavior leading to hive abandonment. Several species groups have been taxonomically revised, including the mucronatus group and subgenus Mesophora, with numerous new species described in recent decades.
Brachymyrmex brevicornis
Brachymyrmex brevicornis is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, originally described by Emery in 1906. The species is currently recognized as accepted in major taxonomic databases, though some sources list it as a synonym of Brachymyrmex cordemoyi. It belongs to the subfamily Formicinae and tribe Myrmelachistini. The genus Brachymyrmex consists of small, inconspicuous ants commonly known as "rover ants" that are frequently associated with human-modified environments.
Brachymyrmex depilis
Hairless Rover Ant
Brachymyrmex depilis is a North American species of rover ant in the subfamily Formicinae. The species was described by Emery in 1893. A 2019 study synonymized B. nanellus and rejected the subspecies B. depilis flavescens due to lack of significant morphological differences. The common name "Hairless Rover Ant" reflects its relatively glabrous appearance compared to congeners.
Brachymyrmex minutus
Hairy Yellow Rover Ant
A small ant species in the genus Brachymyrmex, native to South America with introduced populations in the United States. The species is commonly known as the Hairy Yellow Rover Ant and has been documented in Brazil and the conterminous 48 United States.
Camponotus caryae (Fitch, 1855)
Walnut Carpenter Ant
Camponotus caryae is a species of carpenter ant in the genus Camponotus, commonly known as the Walnut Carpenter Ant. It is native to eastern North America, with records from the eastern United States and eastern Canada, and has also been reported from Mexico (Nuevo León and Chihuahua). There are unconfirmed reports of its presence in parts of the western United States, Spain, Italy, and Bulgaria. Like other carpenter ants, it nests in wood and is associated with hickory and walnut trees.
Camponotus floridanus
Florida Carpenter Ant
Camponotus floridanus, the Florida carpenter ant, is a large, conspicuous ant species native to the southeastern United States. It is notable for its striking bicolored appearance—reddish-orange head and mesosoma contrasting with a black gaster—and its highly aggressive defensive behavior. The species exhibits pronounced worker polymorphism with distinct minor and major castes, and maintains an obligate mutualism with the endosymbiotic bacterium Blochmannia floridanus. Colonies are fast-growing and can reach thousands of individuals, with unique behaviors including surgical amputation of injured nestmate limbs to prevent infection.
Camponotus snellingi
Snelling's Carpenter Ant
Camponotus snellingi is a species of carpenter ant named in honor of the myrmecologist Roy R. Snelling. As a member of the genus Camponotus, it shares the characteristic wood-nesting behavior typical of carpenter ants, excavating galleries in dead or decaying wood rather than consuming it. The species was described by Barry Bolton in 1995. Like other Camponotus species, it exhibits polymorphic worker castes with distinct size classes.
Cardiocondyla emeryi
Cardiocondyla emeryi is a small ant species in the subfamily Myrmicinae with a wide introduced distribution across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The species is known from two recognized subspecies: the nominate C. e. emeryi and C. e. fezzanensis from Algeria. Its extensive range includes native populations in Africa and the Middle East, with numerous introduced populations in the Americas, Caribbean, Pacific islands, and parts of Europe and Asia. The species has been documented in over 40 countries and island groups, indicating significant human-mediated dispersal.
Cardiocondyla minutior
Cardiocondyla minutior is a small ant species in the subfamily Myrmicinae, described by Auguste Forel in 1899. It has a remarkably wide distribution spanning multiple continents, including the Americas, Asia, and Oceania, suggesting either human-mediated dispersal or exceptional ecological adaptability. The species belongs to a genus known for diverse male morphologies and reproductive strategies, though specific details for C. minutior remain limited.
Carebara longii
Carebara longii is a species of minute myrmicine ant in the genus Carebara, one of the smallest ant genera globally. Workers are barely visible to the naked eye and are typically collected by sifting leaf litter and examining extracts under a microscope. The species was described by Wheeler in 1903. Like other Carebara species, it likely inhabits leaf litter in tropical and subtropical environments, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
Cephalotes texanus
Texanus-group Turtle Ants
Cephalotes texanus is a species of arboreal ant in the genus Cephalotes, commonly known as turtle ants. The species is characterized by its ability to glide through the air when falling from trees, a behavior facilitated by enlarged, flattened legs. It exhibits phragmosis, a defensive adaptation where soldiers use their uniquely shaped heads to block nest entrances. The species inhabits pre-existing cavities in wood, particularly those created by longhorn beetle larvae, rather than constructing its own nests. Native to Texas and northeastern Mexico, it was first described by Felix Santschi in 1915.
Colobopsis riehlii
Mangrove Gate-keeper Ant
Colobopsis riehlii is an ant species in the genus Colobopsis, first described by Roger in 1863. The species belongs to the Colobopsis cylindrica group, a lineage known for specialized defensive behaviors including autothysis (self-sacrifice) in some members. It is commonly referred to as the Mangrove Gate-keeper Ant, suggesting an association with mangrove habitats. Like other Colobopsis species, it likely exhibits caste polymorphism with specialized major workers functioning as nest entrance blockers.
Crematogaster depilis
Crematogaster depilis is a species of acrobat ant in the family Formicidae, described by Wheeler in 1919. The genus Crematogaster is known for its characteristic heart-shaped gaster that can be raised over the thorax when alarmed, a behavior that gives these ants their common name. Like other members of this genus, C. depilis is likely to be arboreal or associated with woody vegetation. The species has been documented through 24 observations on iNaturalist, though detailed biological studies remain limited.
Crematogaster emeryana
Crematogaster emeryana is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, described by Creighton in 1950. It belongs to the genus Crematogaster, commonly known as acrobat ants, which are characterized by their distinctive heart-shaped gaster that can be raised over the thorax when alarmed. The species is part of a diverse genus with over 400 described species worldwide. Specific ecological and behavioral details for C. emeryana remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Crematogaster lineolata
Small-lined Acrobat Ant
Crematogaster lineolata is a species of acrobat ant in the genus Crematogaster, characterized by its ability to raise its abdomen over its thorax when disturbed. The species has been documented in grassland habitats of northeastern Kansas, where it engages in a notable mutualistic relationship with the clytrine leaf beetle Anomoea flavokansiensis. Ant workers are attracted to beetle eggs, carry them into their nests, and provide a protected environment for beetle larval development. The species is part of the diverse Crematogaster genus, which contains numerous species worldwide.
Crematogaster marioni
Marion's Acrobat Ant
Crematogaster marioni is a species of acrobat ant in the family Formicidae, described by Buren in 1968. It belongs to the genus Crematogaster, commonly known as acrobat ants due to their distinctive habit of raising their gaster (abdomen) over their head when alarmed. The species is part of a large and diverse genus with worldwide distribution, though specific details about C. marioni's biology and ecology remain limited in published literature.
Crematogaster minutissima
Forest Floor Yellow Acrobat Ant
Crematogaster minutissima is a small ant species in the genus Crematogaster, commonly known as the Forest Floor Yellow Acrobat Ant. The species is characterized by its diminutive size and yellowish coloration. It belongs to a genus notable for its heart-shaped gaster and defensive 'acrobatic' stinging posture, though specific behavioral documentation for this species is limited.
Crematogaster missouriensis
Missouri Acrobat Ant
Crematogaster missouriensis is a species of acrobat ant in the family Formicidae, native to North America. Like other members of the genus Crematogaster, it possesses a distinctive heart-shaped gaster that can be raised over the thorax when disturbed—a behavior that gives acrobat ants their common name. The species was described by Emery in 1895 and is known from scattered observations across its range.
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punctulata
Crematogaster punctulata is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, first described by Emery in 1895. The species belongs to the genus Crematogaster, commonly known as acrobat ants due to their habit of raising their abdomens over their heads when alarmed. As with other members of this genus, it is likely to exhibit typical Crematogaster traits including a heart-shaped gaster and defensive behaviors, though specific ecological details for this particular species remain poorly documented in available literature.
Crematogaster rifelna
Crematogaster rifelna is a species of acrobat ant in the family Formicidae, described by Buren in 1968. Like other members of the genus Crematogaster, it possesses the characteristic heart-shaped gaster (abdomen) that can be raised over the thorax when disturbed, earning the group its common name. The species is part of a diverse genus of ants known for their distinctive defensive postures and ecological roles as predators in various habitats.
Discothyrea testacea
Discothyrea testacea is a species of ant in the subfamily Proceratiinae, described by Roger in 1863. It is native to the Southeastern United States, with additional records from Caribbean islands and the Yucatán Peninsula. The genus Discothyrea is characterized by a highly specialized morphology and cryptic lifestyle, making species in this genus poorly represented in museum collections.
Dolichoderus mariae
Mary's Odorous Ant
Dolichoderus mariae is a distinctive North American ant species named after naturalist Mary Treat, who discovered it. The species is notable for its reddish-brown and black bicolored appearance, large polydomous colonies with dozens of nests, and its specialized ecology in prairie and glade habitats where it nests among plant roots. Colonies exhibit dramatic seasonal fluctuations in nest numbers and worker populations, and engage in territorial aggression with neighboring colonies.
Dolichoderus pustulatus
Bog Odorous Ant
Dolichoderus pustulatus is a North American ant species in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. Workers exhibit geographic color variation, with southern populations showing orangish-brown heads, antennae, metasoma, and legs with a darker gaster, while northern populations tend toward uniform reddish-brown or dark brown. The species constructs distinctive nests with carton material or under leaf litter in wetland and grassland habitats.
Dolichoderus taschenbergi
Taschenberg's Odorous Ant
Dolichoderus taschenbergi is a North American ant species in the odorous ant subfamily Dolichoderinae. Described by Mayr in 1866, it is endemic to Canada and the United States. The species exhibits sporadic dispersion patterns and has been studied for its mutualistic relationships with honeydew-producing hemipterans. Colony structure may include polygynous nesting patterns, though this requires further research.
Dorymyrmex bicolor
Bicolored Pyramid Ant
Dorymyrmex bicolor is a small ant species (~2-3 mm) in the subfamily Dolichoderinae, commonly known as the bicolored pyramid ant. It exhibits distinctive two-toned coloration and builds conspicuous crater-shaped nest mounds in bare soil. The species lacks a functional sting and instead relies on chemical defense via a slit-like acidopore. Native to arid and semi-arid regions of the Americas, it is a dominant, disturbance-tolerant species with significant ecological roles in seed dispersal and plant germination. Recent phylogeographic studies indicate complex population structure shaped by topographic barriers and incomplete lineage sorting.
Dorymyrmex bureni
Buren's Pyramid Ant, Pyramid Ant
Dorymyrmex bureni is a medium-sized ant species in the genus Dorymyrmex, commonly known as pyramid ants. Described by Trager in 1988, this species is native to the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. Workers are light orange, fast-moving, and range 2–4 mm in length. The species is distinguished by its crater-shaped nest mounds in sandy soil and a characteristic coconut-like odor emitted when crushed. Unlike the aggressive red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta), D. bureni is relatively harmless to humans and lacks a functional sting.
Dorymyrmex grandulus
Great Cone Ant, Mousy Pyramid Ant
Dorymyrmex grandulus, commonly known as the great cone ant or mousy pyramid ant, is a species of ant in the genus Dorymyrmex described by Auguste Forel in 1922. The species is endemic to the United States and belongs to the pyramid ant group, which are characterized by their distinctive conical nest mounds. Like other Dorymyrmex species, they are typically found in open, sandy habitats and are active foragers during warm periods.
Dorymyrmex smithi
Smith's Pyramid Ant
Dorymyrmex smithi is a species of pyramid ant in the genus Dorymyrmex, described by Cole in 1936. The species is endemic to the United States and Mexico. Pyramid ants are known for their distinctive conical nest mounds and preference for open, dry habitats. Dorymyrmex smithi is part of a genus that exhibits high diversity in the Neotropics and has undergone rapid evolutionary radiation in North America.
Elasmosoma michaeli
Elasmosoma michaeli is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Braconidae, described by Shaw in 2007. It belongs to a genus of small wasps that attack ants. The genus Elasmosoma is part of the subfamily Euphorinae, tribe Neoneurini, which are specialized ant parasitoids.
Eurhopalothrix
Eurhopalothrix is a genus of small myrmicine ants in the tribe Attini. Species are characterized by distinctive shield-like facial structures with reduced eyes and specialized mandibular dentition. The genus occurs primarily in the Neotropics, with documented records from Central America through northern South America and into the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and temperate grasslands of Argentina. Several species have been described in recent taxonomic revisions, including 33 new species from Central America documented by Jack Longino.
Eurhopalothrix floridana
Eurhopalothrix floridana is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae, originally described by Brown & Kempf in 1960. It belongs to the genus Eurhopalothrix, a group of small, cryptic ants within the Attini tribe. The species is known from the Dominican Republic, with records from the Jardín Botánico Nacional in Santo Domingo de Guzmán. Very little biological information has been published about this species; it has been mentioned in taxonomic literature primarily in comparative studies of male morphology.
Flexamia huroni
Huron River Leafhopper
Flexamia huroni is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described by Bess & Hamilton in 1999. It belongs to the genus Flexamia, a group of leafhoppers known for their specialized host plant associations with grasses. The species is named after the Huron River in Michigan, where it was first collected. Like other members of the genus, it likely exhibits strong ecological dependence on specific grass host plants.
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lobal-biodiversity-information-facilityesbiodiversity-image-portalspanish-collectionstype-specimenlichenantarcticabernensisliyellowstoneForelius pruinosus
high noon ant
Forelius pruinosus, commonly known as the high noon ant, is a North American ant species in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. It is notable for its diurnal foraging activity during hot, dry conditions, its polygynous colony structure with multiple queens, and its documented mutualistic relationships with various plants and insects. The species has been observed in sea turtle nests on Georgia's barrier islands and has been studied as a native ant mutualist in contrast to invasive ant species.
Formica aerata
grey field ant
Formica aerata, commonly known as the grey field ant, is a species of ant in the family Formicidae. It is native to western North America and has been studied extensively in California vineyard ecosystems, where it disrupts biological control of mealybugs by tending them for honeydew. The species is active year-round when temperatures exceed 9°C, with peak foraging in spring before mealybug honeydew becomes available.
Formica argentea
Silvery Field Ant
Formica argentea is a North American ant species in the fusca group, first described by Wheeler in 1912. It is characterized by a silvery sheen on abdominal pubescence and reddish-brown appendages. The species occurs in western montane regions, including the Sierra Nevada, and has been documented as a host for the slave-making ant Polyergus breviceps. It belongs to the subsericea species complex and is closely related to F. subsericea, with which it overlaps in parts of its range.
Formica bradleyi
Bradley's Field Ant, sandhill ant
Formica bradleyi, commonly known as Bradley's Field Ant or the sandhill ant, is a species of ant in the genus Formica. It is notable among North American ants for its strict association with sandy soil habitats, a relationship first documented by E. W. Wheeler in 1944. The species exhibits striking sexual dimorphism in coloration: females and workers are bright red, while males are shining black. This coloration has led to its description as 'the most beautiful species of the genus'.
Formica comata
Formica comata is a species of ant in the genus Formica, family Formicidae. The species was described by Wheeler in 1909. Very little specific information about its biology, behavior, or ecology has been documented in the available literature.
Formica densiventris
Compact Mound Ant
Formica densiventris is a North American ant species in the genus Formica, described by Viereck in 1903. It is known by the common name Compact Mound Ant. The species belongs to the subfamily Formicinae and is part of the diverse Formica genus, which includes many socially parasitic and mound-building species. Available information about this species is limited in the provided sources.
Formica foreliana
Formica foreliana is a species of ant in the family Formicidae, first described by Wheeler in 1913. It belongs to the large and diverse genus Formica, which includes numerous species across the Northern Hemisphere. Many Formica species exhibit complex social behaviors, including facultative or obligate social parasitism. As a member of this genus, F. foreliana shares the characteristic eusocial colony structure with workers, queens, and males. The species is recognized as valid in major taxonomic databases including Catalogue of Life and GBIF.
Formica francoeuri
Francoeur's Field Ant
Formica francoeuri is a species of field ant in the genus Formica, family Formicidae. It was described by Bolton in 1995. The species is part of the diverse Formica genus, which includes many North American ant species with varied ecological strategies including social parasitism. As a member of the Formicinae subfamily, it lacks a stinger and instead uses formic acid for defense.
Formica glacialis
Icy Mound Ant
Formica glacialis is a cold-adapted ant species in the Formicinae subfamily, described by William Morton Wheeler in 1908. It belongs to the Formica fusca species group and is primarily found in montane and boreal environments of eastern North America. The species is notable for its association with cold, high-elevation habitats, including areas with persistent snow cover.