Cicadomorpha
Guides
Acinopterus acuminatus
Acinopterus acuminatus is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1892. It belongs to the tribe Acinopterini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The species is recorded from multiple U.S. states including Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, and Colorado. As a member of the leafhopper family, it is a small, plant-feeding insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts.
Aconophora compressa
lantana bug, lantana treehopper, lantana stemsucking treehopper, lantana sap-sucking bug
Aconophora compressa is a treehopper (family Membracidae) native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. It was introduced to Australia in 1995 as a biological control agent for the invasive weed Lantana camara. The species is brown, up to 8 mm long, with a thorn-shaped body and produces copious honeydew. It has been documented to attack non-target plants, particularly fiddlewood (Citharexylum spinosum) in Australia, leading to its discontinuation as a biocontrol agent after 2001. It was also rejected for use in South Africa due to unacceptable risks to indigenous Lippia species.
treehopperbiological-controlinvasive-species-managementMembracidaephloem-feedermaternal-caregregarioushoneydew-producernon-target-effectsLantana-camaraMexicoAustraliaSouth-AfricaVerbenaceaeCitharexylum-spinosumLippiaAloysia-citrodorathermal-tolerancestem-suckingsap-feedingegg-guardinginstarsnymphal-developmentweed-biocontrolhost-range-expansionecological-risk-assessmentbiosecurityWalker-1851AconophoriniMembracinaeHemipteraAuchenorrhynchaCicadomorphaMembracoideaAcutalis
Acutalis is a genus of treehoppers in the family Membracidae, subfamily Smiliinae, first described by Léon Fairmaire in 1846. The genus contains four species distributed across eastern North America and parts of Central and South America. Like other treehoppers, species in this genus possess an enlarged pronotum that extends over the body. Acutalis tartarea has been photographed in the field on goldenrod (Solidago sp.) in Missouri.
Agallia bidactylata
A small leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described by Oman in 1933. It belongs to the tribe Agalliini, a group of leafhoppers often associated with herbaceous vegetation. The species is documented from Arizona and is characterized by distinctive genital structures that aid in identification.
Allygidius atomarius
Allygidius atomarius is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae. First described by Fabricius in 1794 as Cicada atomaria, this species has been documented across parts of Europe and Asia, with distribution records from locations including Belgorod and Chernihiv in Ukraine, Bursa in Turkey, Corse (Corsica), and Emilia-Romagna in Italy. The species belongs to the tribe Athysanini within the diverse leafhopper fauna.
Atymna simplex
Atymna simplex is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1908. It belongs to the subfamily Smiliinae and tribe Smiliini. The species has been recorded in Arizona and Texas, with limited observational data available.
Balclutha knulli
Balclutha knulli is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Davidson & DeLong in 1935. It belongs to the genus Balclutha, a group of small, often colorful leafhoppers commonly known as sharpshooters or leafhoppers. The species name honors Joseph Knull, a prominent American coleopterist who described many Buprestidae and other beetle species. As a member of the subfamily Deltocephalinae and tribe Macrostelini, it is part of a large and diverse radiation of leafhoppers that feed on plant vascular tissues.
Brenda
Brenda is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Megophthalminae, established by Oman in 1941. It belongs to the tribe Megophthalmini within the infraorder Cicadomorpha. The genus is part of the diverse Membracoidea superfamily, which includes many sap-feeding insects associated with vascular plants.
Clastoptera octonotata
Clastoptera octonotata is a species of spittlebug described by Hamilton in 2015. It belongs to the family Clastopteridae, a group of xylem-feeding insects known for producing frothy spittle masses as nymphs. The species name refers to eight distinct markings. As a recently described species, detailed natural history information remains limited. It occurs in North America and has been documented through observations on iNaturalist.
Colladonus brunneus
Colladonus brunneus is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Osborn in 1915. It belongs to the tribe Platymetopiini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The species has been recorded from several northeastern and midwestern U.S. states.
Cuerna emeljanovi
Cuerna emeljanovi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, tribe Proconiini, described in 2015. It belongs to the genus Cuerna, a group of relatively large, robust leafhoppers within the subfamily Cicadellinae. The species was described by Krishnankutty and Rakitov. Like other members of its tribe, it likely exhibits the characteristic enlarged hind femora adapted for jumping that define the family.
Cuerna undescribed-sp-tx-i
Cuerna undescribed-sp-tx-i is an undescribed species of sharpshooter leafhopper in the genus Cuerna, known from Texas. The genus Cuerna belongs to the tribe Cicadellini and includes several described species characterized by bold color patterns and association with woody host plants. This particular taxon represents a distinct morphotype or lineage that has been documented but not yet formally described in the scientific literature.
Darninae
Darninae is a subfamily of treehoppers (family Membracidae) comprising approximately 30 genera arranged in five tribes: Cymbomorphini, Darnini, Hemikypthini, Hyphinoini, and Procyrtini. The subfamily is predominantly Neotropical in distribution and is characterized by diverse pronotal modifications. Members are phytophagous, with some species documented feeding on Asteraceae and Solanaceae. The subfamily Darninae represents one of several major lineages within Membracidae that diversified during the Tertiary period following the isolation of South America.
Davisonia snowi
Davisonia snowi is a species of leafhopper (family Cicadellidae) in the tribe Macrostelini. It was originally described as Cicadula snowi by Dorst in 1931 and later transferred to the genus Davisonia. The species has been recorded from western North America, including Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, Colorado, and Illinois. As a member of the subfamily Deltocephalinae, it belongs to one of the largest and most diverse groups of leafhoppers.
Diceroprocta knighti
Dusty Flag-Bearer
Diceroprocta knighti is a cicada species in the family Cicadidae, distributed across the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Like other members of its genus, it is an annual cicada with a multi-year nymphal stage spent underground feeding on tree and shrub roots. Adults emerge during summer months, with males producing species-specific acoustic signals to attract females. The species is part of the diverse cicada fauna of the Sonoran Desert region, where it co-occurs with related congeners at different elevations.
cicadaDiceroproctaSonoran-Desertannual-cicadaHemipteraCicadidaeacoustic-communicationroot-feeding-nymphssummer-emergencesouthwestern-North-Americaxylem-feederdesert-arthropodinsect-songmulti-year-life-cycletymbal-organmonsoon-associated-emergenceCicadinaeFidicininiDavis-1917Dusty-Flag-BearerArizonaCaliforniaBaja-CaliforniaSinaloaSonoraMexicoUnited-Statesarthropodinsecttrue-bugAuchenorrhynchaCicadomorphaCicadoideaGuyalninaDraeculacephala constricta
A species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described from western Texas in 1943. The genus Draeculacephala is characterized by distinctive head morphology, with species often exhibiting elongated or modified facial structures. Draeculacephala constricta occurs in arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States and has been documented in association with woody legumes including Vachellia constricta (whitethorn acacia), which shares its specific epithet.
leafhopperCicadellidaedesertsouthwestern-USVachelliaacaciaphloem-feederCicadomorphaHemiptera1943-descriptionDavidsonDeLongwestern-Texasaridland-insectwoody-legume-associatehead-morphologygenus-Draeculacephalainsectaarthropodaanimaliaaccepted-speciesGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeNCBIiNaturalistobserved-313-timesAlbertaFloridaIllinoisIndianaIowaNew-MexicoArizonasummer-activityJulymonsoon-seasonphloem-feedernutrient-cyclingpredator-preyspider-preybird-preydesert-scrubsemi-aridmesquitecreosoteFabaceaehost-planttaxonomic-descriptionmale-genitaliawing-venationconcave-headproduced-headfacial-structurespecific-epithetconstrictednarrowedidentificationmorphological-detailscongenersCuernaCicadelliniCicadellinaeMembracoideaClypeataAuchenorrhynchaHexapodatrue-bugsMetazoaEukaryotaEllescina
Ellescina is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Species in this genus are small, delicate insects associated with vegetation. The genus is part of the diverse Erythroneurini tribe, one of the largest groups of typhlocybine leafhoppers.
Enchenopa on-betula
Enchenopa on-betula is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, subfamily Membracinae. The genus Enchenopa belongs to the tribe Membracini, a group of treehoppers characterized by their enlarged, often elaborately shaped pronotum that extends backward over the abdomen. Species in this genus are associated with various host plants, with some showing specificity to particular plant taxa. The specific epithet 'on-betula' suggests an association with birch (Betula) host plants, though this requires confirmation. Treehoppers in this group feed on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts and are known for their often striking pronotal modifications.
Eratoneura hymettana
Eratoneura hymettana is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Knull in 1949. As a member of the subfamily Typhlocybinae, it shares the characteristic brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties—found throughout the family. The species belongs to a genus of small, often colorful leafhoppers that feed on plant vascular tissues.
Erronus affinis
Erronus affinis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Oman in 1987. It belongs to the subfamily Errhomeninae and tribe Bathysmatophorini. The genus Erronus is part of a group of leafhoppers characterized by particular morphological features associated with this tribe. Very little specific information is available about the biology, ecology, or distribution of this particular species.
Eupterella
Eupterella is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by DeLong & Ruppel in 1950. It belongs to the tribe Typhlocybini and subtribe Typhlocybina. The genus is poorly documented with minimal available information on its species diversity and biology.
Flexamia huroni
Huron River Leafhopper
Flexamia huroni is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described by Bess & Hamilton in 1999. It belongs to the genus Flexamia, a group of leafhoppers known for their specialized host plant associations with grasses. The species is named after the Huron River in Michigan, where it was first collected. Like other members of the genus, it likely exhibits strong ecological dependence on specific grass host plants.
leafhoppercicadellidaedeltocephalinaeparalimniniflexamiagrass-specialistmichigan-endemicauchenorrhynchahemipterainsectaarthropodaanimaliatrue-bugplanthopper-relative1999-descriptionbesshamiltonhuronihuron-riverusanorth-americagrassland-insecthost-specificpoorly-knownrareuncommondata-deficientgbifcatalogue-of-lifencbiinaturalisttaxonspeciesacceptedhexapodacicadomorphaclypeatamembracoideaparalimninaflexamia-huronibess-&-hamilton1999exact-matchaccepted-namecanonical-namescientific-nameauthorshiprankstatusmatchedtaxonomyclassificationeukaryotametazoadistributionmichiganobservations0wikipedianonepreferred-common-namehuron-river-leafhoppertrue-bugsgroupkingdomphylumclassorderfamilygenusauthorityiptintegrated-publishing-toolkitbiodiversity-data-journalzookeysnature-conservationcomparative-cytogeneticsopen-accessopen-accessjournalpublicationdatasetspecimentypenomenclatural-typeherbariumuniversity-of-granadaspainfungilichensagaricalescortinariusantonio-ortegamediterraneanfranceitalyimage-collectioncolección-de-imágenes-de-los-tipos-nomenclaturales-de-hongoslíquenesmusgos-y-algasgdagdacvizosoquesada2015doi10.3897bdj3e5204new-speciesnew-jersey-pine-barrensmuhlenbergia-torreyanapinebarren-smokegrassthreatened-speciesandrew-hicksmuseum-of-natural-historyuniversity-of-coloradogerry-moorenatural-resources-conservation-servicegreensboronculi-lorimerbrooklyn-botanic-gardenf.-whitcombirobert-whitcombmicrobiologyornithologyecologyhost-plantwarming-climatehuman-activitieszookeys-51169-79zookeys.511.9572roundwormnematodeantarcticamblydorylaimus-isokaryonipararhyssocolpus-paradoxusbulgariascanning-electron-microscopysemmaritime-antarcticantarctic-islandslip-regionspearvulvapostembryonic-developmentmolecular-analysesdorylaimidaelshishkalazarovaradoslavovhristovpeneva25-68zookeys.511.9793anidiv2bulgarian-academy-of-sciencesnational-scientific-fundoctocoralokinawajapannanipora-kamurailiving-fossilblue-coralhelioporaaragonite-calcium-carbonateskeletonscleractinianssoft-coralheliporacealithotelestidaeepiphaxumdeep-seashallow-coral-reefzamami-islandnational-parkmiyazakireimer1-23zookeys.511.9432non-biting-midgechironomusch.-bernensisnorth-caucasusrussiacaucasian-populationseuropesiberiakaryotypemorphologymouthpartslarvaechromosomegenotypic-combinationsmineralizationeutrophicationkarmokovpolukonovasinichkinatembotov-institute-of-ecology-of-mountain-territoriessaratov-state-medical-universitycomparative-cytogenetics-9281-297compcytogen.v9i3.4519sea-turtlerescue-centrefirst-aid-stationloggerheadgreen-turtlecaretta-carettachelonia-mydasbycatchmortalitygreecemigrationsexual-maturityullmannstachowitschuit-the-arctic-university-of-norwaynature-conservation-1045-69natureconservation.10.4890regional-activity-centre-for-specially-protected-areasporcupinecoendou-ichilluslower-urubambaperucanopy-bridgepipelinenatural-gasarborealcamera-trapdwarf-porcupineiquitos770ggregorylundezamora-mezacarrasco-ruedarepsol-exploración-perúzookeys-509109-121zookeys.509.9821antprionopeltamadagascarseychellessubterraneanleaf-litterdracula-anthemolymphlarval-hemolymph-feedingoophagymadagascar-biodiversity-centeroversonfisherzookeys-507115-150zookeys.507.9303itobillenmasukospideranelosimussubsocialcobweb-spidertheridiidaedeforestationbiodiversity-hotspotagnarssonuniversity-of-vermontsmithsonian-national-museum-of-natural-historywallacehuxleybuffonhookerlamarckdarwinmoramoraeriophyoid-miteacarixinjiangchinarosaceaeparacolomerusgallji-wei-liwangxuezhangzookeys-50897-111zookeys.508.8940shihezi-universitygrasshopperwyomingmelanoplusmelanoplinaeacrididaetetrigidaegomphocerniaeoedipodinaecyrtacanthacridinaedistribution-atlasfield-guidewgiswyoming-grasshopper-information-systemkeycapinerasechristhebardhelferscudderblatchleythomassayharrisdegeerbrunersaussuregirarddodgewalkerfieberfabriciusservillemcneilltinkhamburmeisterhaldemanbig-horn-mountainsblack-hillsgladstonindigensinfantilisdodgeioregonensismarshalliyellowstone-national-parksagebrushpineelevationshortgrass-prairiemixedgrass-prairieforbgrasseconomic-damagerangelandbenefitoverwinteregghatchadultlate-summeraugustoctoberjunelife-cyclefood-habitsizecollectionsurveyunderreportedcommonendemicrestricted-rangeforest-openinggrassymoderate-elevationlargersmallereastwestunited-statesamericanorthsouthcentralrangeextentlimitedrestrictedabundantpopulationdensityoccurrencepresenceabsencehabitatenvironmentconditionaltitudetopographyterrainvegetationplantshrubtreeforestopeningmeadowprairiesteppesavannawoodlanddrawslopeaspectsoilsubstratemoisturetemperatureclimateweatherseasonphenologytimingactivitynymphemergemoltdevelopgrowreproducemateovipositdiegenerationvoltinismunivoltinebivoltinemultivoltinesemivoltinediapauseaestivationhibernationdispersalmovementbehaviorhabitactionfeedingdietfoodhostassociationrelationshipinteractionspecialistgeneralistmonophagyoligophagypolyphagyherbivoredetritivorepredatorparasitoidscavengereconomic-importancepestbeneficialneutraldamagecontrolmanagementconservationthreatenedendangeredvulnerablesecureunknownglobal-biodiversity-information-facilityesbiodiversity-image-portalspanish-collectionstype-specimenlichenantarcticabernensisliyellowstoneGyponana cacumina
Gyponana cacumina is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by DeLong in 1942. Like other members of its genus, it produces brochosomes—complex protein-lipid nanoparticles that form a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on its body and wings. The species has been recorded from multiple states in the northeastern United States and Arizona.
Hepzygina
Hepzygina is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, and tribe Erythroneurini. The genus was formally described by Dietrich and Dmitriev in 2006. Like other erythroneurine leafhoppers, members of this genus are small, plant-feeding insects that inhabit diverse terrestrial environments. The genus is represented by relatively few documented observations.
Idioderma virescens
Idioderma virescens is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1909. The species has been recorded from Florida and Panama. A dedicated study on its systematics and biology was published in the Annals of the Entomological Society of America, though detailed biological information requires access to the full article.
Joruma
Joruma is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, and tribe Empoascini. It was established by McAtee in 1924. Members of this genus are small, delicate leafhoppers characteristic of the Typhlocybinae, a group known for reduced wing venation and plant-feeding habits. The genus is part of the diverse Membracoidea superfamily within the Auchenorrhyncha.
Kyboasca splendida
Kyboasca splendida is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. First described by Gillette in 1898, this species belongs to a genus of small, plant-feeding insects commonly known as leafhoppers. Members of this subfamily are characterized by their reduced wing venation and association with host plants.
Mesamia diana
Mesamia diana is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae, described by Van Duzee in 1925. It belongs to the tribe Platymetopiini, a group of leafhoppers within the large and diverse family Cicadellidae. The genus Mesamia is part of the leafhopper superfamily Membracoidea, which includes some of the most economically significant plant-feeding insects. Very little specific information is available about the biology or ecology of this particular species.
Microcentrus
Microcentrus is a genus of treehoppers in the family Membracidae, containing approximately 10 described species. The genus belongs to the tribe Microcentrini within the subfamily Stegaspidinae. Species in this genus are found in North America and Mexico, including the hickory stegaspidine treehopper (M. caryae). The genus was established by Stål in 1870.
Paraphlepsius rileyi
Paraphlepsius rileyi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Baker in 1898. It belongs to the subfamily Deltocephalinae and tribe Pendarini. The species has been recorded from multiple U.S. states including Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, and Kansas. Like other leafhoppers, it is a small, plant-feeding insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts.
Polyamia interrupta
Polyamia interrupta is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae. It was described by DeLong in 1916 and is currently accepted as a valid species. The genus Polyamia belongs to the tribe Deltocephalini, a diverse group of leafhoppers within the superfamily Membracoidea. Distribution records indicate occurrence in the eastern and midwestern United States.
Prosapia ignifera
Prosapia ignifera is a spittlebug species in the family Ischnorhinidae, described by Hamilton in 1977. It belongs to the genus Prosapia, which includes economically significant pasture pests. The species is part of a group of tropical spittlebugs that cause substantial damage to forage grasses and sugarcane. Unlike the congeneric Prosapia bicincta, which has been extensively documented as an invasive pest in Hawaiʻi since 2016, specific biological and ecological data for P. ignifera remain limited in published sources.
Rabela
Rabela is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, and tribe Alebrini. It was established by Young in 1952. As a member of the Typhlocybinae, it belongs to a group of small, often delicate leafhoppers characterized by reduced wing venation. The genus contains relatively few described species and is poorly documented in the scientific literature.
Scalmophorus minutus
Scalmophorus minutus is a species of treehopper in the family Membracidae, described by Ball in 1933. It belongs to the tribe Hypsoprorini, a group within the subfamily Membracinae. Distribution records indicate presence in Arizona, USA. The genus Scalmophorus is part of the diverse treehopper fauna of North America, though detailed biological information for this particular species remains limited in available sources.
Scaphoideus productus
Scaphoideus productus is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Osborn in 1900. It belongs to the subfamily Deltocephalinae and tribe Scaphoideini. The species has been documented from several U.S. states in the Midwest and Northeast, with iNaturalist records indicating relatively few observations (17). As a member of the genus Scaphoideus, it shares taxonomic affinities with the well-studied American grapevine leafhopper (S. titanus), though specific biological details for S. productus remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.
Spangbergiella viridis
Spangbergiella viridis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae. It is classified within the subfamily Deltocephalinae and tribe Hecalini. The species was described by Provancher in 1872. Available information is limited to taxonomic classification and basic nomenclatural data.
Stictocephala diminuta
Stictocephala diminuta is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, described by Van Duzee in 1908. The genus Stictocephala belongs to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae, a group characterized by pronounced pronotal expansions. This species appears to have a limited documented distribution in the southeastern United States, with records from Florida and North Carolina. As with many membracids, detailed natural history information for this species remains sparse in the available literature.
Stictocephala stimulea
Stictocephala stimulea is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1914. Treehoppers in this genus are characterized by their enlarged, often ornate pronotum that extends over the body like a helmet or thorn. The specific epithet 'stimulea' suggests possible resemblance to or association with stinging organisms, though this refers to appearance rather than actual sting. Like other membracids, this species likely feeds on plant phloem sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts.
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dorana
Telamona dorana is a species of treehopper in the family Membracidae, described by Ball in 1931. As a member of the genus Telamona, it shares the characteristic enlarged pronotum typical of this group. The species is part of the diverse Nearctic fauna of Smiliinae, a subfamily known for varied pronotal ornamentation. Information specific to this species remains limited in published literature.
Telamona reclivata
Telamona reclivata is a Nearctic treehopper species in the tribe Telamonini, characterized by pronotal modifications typical of the genus. First described by Fitch in 1851, this species belongs to a group known for their enlarged, often elaborately shaped pronota that extend over the thorax. Like other members of Membracidae, it possesses piercing-sucking mouthparts and undergoes incomplete metamorphosis. The species has been documented across western and central North America.
Telamona stephani
Telamona stephani is a species of treehopper in the family Membracidae, described by Wallace in 2018. It belongs to the genus Telamona, a group of North American treehoppers characterized by their enlarged pronotum that forms distinctive helmet-like or horn-like structures. As a recently described species, detailed biological information remains limited. Treehoppers in this genus are generally associated with woody host plants and are known for their complex pronotal morphology.
Telamonanthe rileyi
Telamonanthe rileyi is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, subfamily Smiliinae, and tribe Telamonini. The species was described by Goding in 1892. It is part of a genus characterized by distinctive pronotal modifications typical of treehoppers. Based on collection records, it occurs in Texas and potentially other parts of the southern and central United States. As with other members of Membracidae, it is presumed to feed on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts, though specific host plants for this species have not been documented in the available sources.
Telonaca ramona pasadena
Telonaca ramona pasadena is a subspecies of treehopper in the family Membracidae, first described by Ball in 1931. It belongs to the tribe Telamonini within the subfamily Smiliinae. Treehoppers in this genus are characterized by their enlarged pronotum, which forms distinctive helmet-like or thorn-like structures. The subspecies epithet "pasadena" suggests a geographic association with the Pasadena area of California.
Tibicinoides uncinata
Tibicinoides uncinata is a cicada species in the family Cicadidae, originally described as Okanagana uncinata by Van Duzee in 1915 before being transferred to the genus Tibicinoides. It belongs to the subfamily Tibicininae, a group of cicadas primarily distributed in western North America. The species epithet "uncinata" (meaning "hooked") likely refers to some morphological feature of the species. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only six records in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Tortistilus abnorma
Tortistilus abnorma is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Caldwell in 1949. The species has been documented in North Carolina and Texas based on distribution records. Like other members of Membracidae, it possesses an enlarged pronotum that extends over the body. The specific epithet "abnorma" suggests distinctive morphological characteristics, though detailed descriptions of these features are not readily available in the provided sources.
Tortistilus wickhami
A North American treehopper in the family Membracidae, recently documented for the first time in Mexico's Baja California peninsula. Previously known from the western and southwestern United States, this species was collected from grapevines in Valle de Guadalupe vineyards during 2023. Its presence in commercial vineyards raises concerns about potential economic impact, as it is suspected to be a candidate vector for grapevine red blotch virus.
treehopperMembracidaevineyard-pestgrapevine-red-blotch-virusagricultural-pestMexico-first-recordBaja-CaliforniaValle-de-GuadalupeVitis-viniferaDNA-barcoding-identification2023-detectioneconomic-entomologyplant-virus-vectorSmiliinaeCeresiniHemipteraCicadomorphaNorth-Americawestern-United-Statesinvasive-potentialviticulturewine-grape-pestVestistilus patruelis
Vestistilus patruelis is a species of treehopper in the family Membracidae, first described by Carl Stål in 1864. The species belongs to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae, a group characterized by often elaborate pronotal modifications. Treehoppers in this family are known for their diverse and frequently ornate pronotal structures that extend over the body. As a member of the Membracidae, V. patruelis is presumed to be a phloem-feeding insect utilizing plant vascular tissues.
Xantholobus intermedius
Xantholobus intermedius is a species of treehopper in the family Membracidae, subfamily Smiliinae. The species was described by Emmons in 1855 and is currently accepted as valid. Like other members of the genus Xantholobus, this species possesses the characteristic enlarged pronotum that extends posteriorly over the abdomen, a defining feature of treehoppers. The genus Xantholobus is classified within the tribe Smiliini, which comprises numerous genera of primarily Nearctic treehoppers.
Xestocephalus similis
Xestocephalus similis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Peters in 1933. The species belongs to the tribe Xestocephalini within the subfamily Aphrodinae. It is currently listed as an ambiguous synonym in the Catalogue of Life, suggesting taxonomic uncertainty regarding its status relative to other Xestocephalus species. The genus Xestocephalus comprises small leafhoppers characterized by distinctive head morphology and reduced wing venation.
Zyginama tricolor
Zyginama tricolor is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, tribe Erythroneurini. First described by Beamer in 1929, this species belongs to a genus of small, often colorful leafhoppers. The species epithet 'tricolor' suggests a three-colored coloration pattern. Like other typhlocybine leafhoppers, it likely feeds on plant vascular tissue.