Leafcutter-bee
Guides
Megachile addenda
cranberry leafcutter bee
Megachile addenda is a solitary leafcutter bee native to North America, first described by Ezra Townsend Cresson in 1878. It is commonly known as the cranberry leafcutter bee due to its documented role as a pollinator of cranberry crops. The species nests in sand beds and belongs to the subgenus Delomegachile. Like other Megachile species, females cut leaf pieces to construct brood chambers.
Megachile brevis
leafcutter bee
Megachile brevis is a species of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, first described by Thomas Say in 1837. As a member of the genus Megachile, it shares the characteristic behavior of cutting leaves or petals to line its nest cavities. The species occurs in North America and Middle America according to distribution records. Like other leafcutter bees, it is a solitary nester and contributes to pollination services in its range.
Megachile comata
Megachile comata is a leafcutter bee species in the family Megachilidae, first described by Cresson in 1872. As a member of the genus Megachile, it exhibits the characteristic nest-building behavior of cutting leaves or petals to line its nest cavities. The species has been documented in North and Middle America. Like other leafcutter bees, it is a solitary pollinator.
Megachile davidsoni
Megachile davidsoni is a solitary bee species in the family Megachilidae, first described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1902. It belongs to the leafcutter bee genus Megachile, whose members are characterized by cutting leaf pieces to line their nest cavities. The species is known from a restricted geographic range in southwestern California. Like other Megachile species, it is a solitary cavity-nesting bee that carries pollen on the underside of its abdomen rather than on its legs.
Megachile discorhina
Megachile discorhina is a species of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1924. As a member of the genus Megachile, it belongs to a group of solitary bees known for cutting leaf fragments to construct nest cells. The species is accepted as valid in major taxonomic databases including GBIF and Catalogue of Life. Specific details about its biology, distribution, and ecology remain poorly documented in readily accessible sources.
Megachile exilis parexilis
Megachile exilis parexilis is a subspecies of leafcutter bee described by Mitchell in 1937. As a member of the genus Megachile, it shares the characteristic behavior of cutting leaf or petal pieces to construct nest chambers. The subspecies is recognized as accepted in taxonomic databases, with distribution records indicating presence in Middle America and North America. No specific ecological or behavioral studies of this subspecies have been documented in the available literature.
Megachile fidelis
Faithful Leafcutting Bee, Horn-faced Leafcutter Bee
Megachile fidelis is a solitary leafcutting bee native to western North America. Females construct nests using circular pieces cut from leaves or petals, which they carry back to pre-existing cavities. The species is an important native pollinator frequently observed in gardens and meadows, where it forages on composite flowers. Adults emerge in spring and exhibit a distinctive nesting behavior where offspring remain in brood cells until all intervening cells have been vacated.
Megachile fortis
Megachile fortis is a species of solitary bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1872. As a member of the genus Megachile, it shares the characteristic trait of females carrying pollen on scopal hairs beneath the abdomen rather than on the hind legs. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology remain limited in published sources.
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gemula
Small-handed Leaf-cutter Bee
Megachile gemula is a solitary leafcutter bee species in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1878. It is commonly known as the Small-handed Leaf-cutter Bee. As a member of the genus Megachile, it shares the characteristic behavior of cutting leaf pieces to construct nest chambers. The species has been recorded in North America, with specific observations documented in Vermont, United States.
Megachile gentilis
Megachile gentilis is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1872. It is a non-metallic, robust black bee that constructs nests using leaf pieces or plant resin. Females carry pollen on the underside of the abdomen and create "bee loaves" of pollen, nectar, and saliva to provision brood cells. The species has been recorded in North America, Middle America, and Oceania.
Megachile inermis
Unarmed Leafcutter Bee
Megachile inermis is a solitary leafcutter bee described by Provancher in 1888. Unlike many Megachile species that use pre-existing cavities, this bee excavates its own nesting tunnels in decayed poplar wood. It has been recorded from trap-nest studies in Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Wisconsin, with a notable male-biased sex ratio in rearings.
Megachile inimica sayi
Megachile inimica sayi is a subspecies of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae. As a member of the genus Megachile, this bee exhibits the characteristic leaf-cutting behavior for which the group is named. The subspecies is found in parts of North America and Middle America. Like other Megachilidae, females carry pollen on scopal hairs located on the underside of the abdomen rather than on the legs. The specific epithet "inimica" suggests a Latin origin meaning "hostile" or "unfriendly," though the behavioral significance of this name is not documented in available sources.
Megachile lanata
Woolly Wall Bee
Megachile lanata is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Fabricius in 1775. It is considered an invasive species in Pakistan and has been introduced to regions including Colombia and Florida. The species is an important pollinator of horticultural, ornamental, aromatic, and agricultural crops. Studies have documented its nesting behavior in pre-existing cavities and its foraging activity across diverse landscapes.
Megachile melanophaea
Black-and-gray Leafcutter Bee
Megachile melanophaea is a solitary leafcutter bee native to North America, first described by Frederick Smith in 1853. Females construct nests in ground holes or small cavities, lining individual cells with carefully cut leaf pieces and provisioning them with pollen and nectar. This species has been documented as a pollinator of slipper orchids (Cypripedium species), including the rare Cypripedium macranthos var. rebunense, which is otherwise pollinated almost exclusively by queen bumble bees. The species is parasitized by cuckoo bees Coelioxys sodalis and Coelioxys rufitarsus.
Megachile mellitarsis
Megachile mellitarsis is a solitary bee species in the family Megachilidae, first described by Cresson in 1878. Like other leafcutter bees, females carry pollen on scopal hairs beneath the abdomen rather than on the hind legs. The species is known from limited observations in Middle America and North America.
Megachile montivaga
Silver-tailed Petalcutter, Silver-tailed Petal-cutter Bee, Mégachile des collines
Megachile montivaga is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1878. It is notable for its unusual nesting behavior in live thistle plants (Cirsium neomexicanum), representing the first explicit Nearctic record of the genus Megachile nesting in live vegetation. The species is widespread across North and Middle America and is commonly known as the silver-tailed petalcutter bee.
Megachile mucida
Megachile mucida is a species of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1878. As a member of the genus Megachile, it is a solitary bee that carries pollen on scopal hairs beneath its abdomen rather than on leg baskets. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain limited in published literature.
Megachile newberryae
Megachile newberryae is a species of solitary bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1900. Like other members of the genus Megachile, this species is a leafcutter bee, characterized by females that cut leaf pieces to line their nest cells. The species has been recorded in Middle America and North America.
Megachile nivalis
Megachile nivalis is a species of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Friese in 1903. Current taxonomic treatment considers this name a synonym of Megachile lapponica. The species belongs to a large genus of solitary bees known for cutting leaf segments to line their nest cavities. As with other Megachile species, females construct individual brood cells provisioned with pollen and nectar.
Megachile odontostoma
Megachile odontostoma is a species of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cockerell in 1924. The species belongs to a large genus of solitary bees characterized by females that cut leaves or petals to line their nest chambers. As with other Megachile species, females carry pollen on specialized hairs (scopa) on the underside of the abdomen rather than on the hind legs. The specific epithet "odontostoma" refers to toothed mouthparts, though detailed morphological studies of this particular species remain limited.
Megachile parallela
Parallel Leafcutter Bee
Megachile parallela is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Smith in 1853. As a member of the genus Megachile, it exhibits the characteristic trait of cutting leaf fragments to construct and line its nest cells. The species is found in North and Middle America. Like other Megachile species, females carry pollen on scopal hairs beneath the abdomen rather than on the legs.
Megachile perihirta
Western Leafcutter Bee, Western leafcutting bee
Megachile perihirta, commonly known as the Western Leafcutter Bee, is a solitary bee native to western North America. It is an important pollinator of alfalfa and other crops, recognized by its distinctive leaf-cutting behavior where females cut circular pieces from leaves to line nest cells. The species nests in pre-existing cavities in soil, sand, gravel, or rotting wood, and carries pollen on a scopa located on the underside of the abdomen rather than on the hind legs.
Megachile petulans
Petulant Leafcutter Bee
Megachile petulans is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1878. The species is known from Middle America and North America, with 577 observations recorded on iNaturalist. As a member of the genus Megachile, it likely exhibits the characteristic leaf-cutting behavior for nest construction, though specific behavioral details for this species remain poorly documented.
Megachile policaris
Texas leafcutter bee, policaris leafcutter bee
Megachile policaris is a large, solitary leafcutter bee native to North America that has established invasive populations in Hawaiʻi. First detected on Oʻahu in 2017, it is now present on multiple Hawaiian islands including Maui, Kauaʻi, and Hawaiʻi Island. It is among the largest Megachile species in North America, with females reaching 18–22 mm. The species constructs nests in pre-existing cavities and uses cut leaf pieces to line brood cells.
Megachile pruina
Hoary Leafcutter Bee
Megachile pruina, commonly known as the Hoary Leafcutter Bee, is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae. It is medium-sized (11–13 mm) and exhibits sexual dichromatism, with females often appearing very dark. The species occurs along coastal habitats from Virginia to Florida and westward to Texas, with an isolated population in Bermuda that represents a genetically distinct evolutionary lineage. Bermuda's population is classified as Vulnerable and is the only arthropod protected under the Bermuda Protected Species Act.
Megachile pruina nigropinguis
Megachile pruina nigropinguis is a subspecies of leafcutter bee described by Mitchell in 1937. As a member of the genus Megachile, it shares the characteristic behavior of cutting leaf fragments to construct nest cells. The subspecies is classified within the family Megachilidae, a group of solitary bees known for carrying pollen on scopal hairs located on the underside of the abdomen rather than on the hind legs.
Megachile pseudobrevis
southeastern little leaf-cutter bee
Megachile pseudobrevis, commonly known as the southeastern little leaf-cutter bee, is a solitary bee species in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Mitchell in 1935. As a member of the genus Megachile, it belongs to a diverse group of bees characterized by their leaf-cutting nesting behavior, though specific behavioral details for this species remain poorly documented. The species occurs in North America.
Megachile pugnata
Pugnacious Leafcutter Bee, Sunflower Leafcutting Bee
Megachile pugnata is a solitary, cavity-nesting leafcutter bee native to North America. Females construct nests in preexisting hollow cavities using cut leaves to line brood cells, which are partitioned by plugs of mud, sand, or vegetation. Adults feed exclusively on flowers in the Asteraceae family, making them particularly effective pollinators of sunflowers. The species exhibits strong instinctive aggregation behavior, with females preferentially nesting near conspecifics even when cavities are abundant. Males emerge before females in spring, mate quickly, and die, while females live approximately two months and produce 35-40 eggs across multiple nests.
Megachile pugnata pomonae
Megachile pugnata pomonae is a subspecies of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1916. As a member of the genus Megachile, it belongs to a diverse group of solitary bees known for cutting leaf or petal fragments to construct nest cells. The subspecific epithet 'pomonae' suggests an association with apple (Malus pumila, formerly Pyrus malus or Poma), though the precise nature of this relationship requires verification. Like other Megachile species, females carry pollen on scopal hairs beneath the abdomen rather than on the hind legs.
Megachile relativa
Golden-tailed Leafcutter Bee
Megachile relativa is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Ezra Townsend Cresson in 1878. The species nests in pre-existing cavities such as trap-nests and has been documented in Wisconsin and Vermont. Like other members of the genus Megachile, females carry pollen on scopal hairs beneath the abdomen rather than on the hind legs.
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa Leafcutter Bee, Alfalfa Leaf-Cutter Bee, Leafcutter Bee
Megachile rotundata is a solitary leafcutting bee native to Europe and the Mediterranean region, now widely established as a managed pollinator across North America and other continents. It is the second most important commercial pollinator globally after the honey bee, specifically renowned for its efficiency in alfalfa pollination. Females construct individual nests in pre-existing cavities, lining cells with precisely cut circular leaf pieces. The species is non-aggressive, does not produce honey, and has been introduced deliberately and accidentally to multiple regions for agricultural pollination services.
Megachile sidalceae
Megachile sidalceae is a species of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1897. Like other members of the genus Megachile, it is a solitary bee. The species name 'sidalceae' suggests a possible association with plants in the genus Sidalcea (mallow family), though this relationship has not been confirmed in the available literature. The species has been recorded in North America and Middle America, with 90 observations documented on iNaturalist.
Megachile zapoteca
Megachile zapoteca is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, first described by Cresson in 1878. It is native to Mexico and Central America, with records from multiple Mexican states including Chiapas, Oaxaca, and Veracruz, as well as Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras. As a member of the genus Megachile, it likely exhibits the characteristic leaf-cutting behavior for nest construction, though specific behavioral details for this species remain poorly documented.
Megachile zaptlana
Megachile zaptlana is a solitary leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, first described by Cresson in 1878. The species belongs to the subgenus Sayapis and has been documented across the Americas from the southern United States through Central America to South America. As a member of the genus Megachile, it exhibits the characteristic trait of cutting leaves or other plant materials to line its nest cavities. Research indicates it utilizes pre-existing cavities for nesting and shows specific floral associations, though detailed natural history remains incompletely documented.
Trachusa
Trachusa is a genus of resin bees in the family Megachilidae, tribe Anthidiini, comprising at least 50 described species distributed across the Palearctic region. Recent taxonomic revisions have revealed extensive cryptic diversity, with several species complexes (e.g., T. interrupta and T. pubescens groups) resolved from formerly recognized single widespread species into multiple distinct, often allopatric or narrowly sympatric species. These bees are characterized by resin-collecting behavior and are classified as leafcutter, mason, and resin bees, though specific nesting biology is documented for few species.
Trachusa dorsalis
Stripe-backed Resin-Leafcutter
Trachusa dorsalis is a species of resin-leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae. It is native to North America. Members of the genus Trachusa are known for using plant resins in nest construction, a trait that distinguishes them from many other megachilid bees that rely primarily on leaf pieces.
Trachusa perdita
California leafcutting bee, California Resin-Leafcutter
Trachusa perdita is a solitary leafcutting bee native to California, belonging to the family Megachilidae. Females construct underground nests in hillsides, lining brood cells with leaves collected from Buckthorn shrubs. The species is notable for its distinctive nesting behavior and specific host-plant relationship for nest construction materials.
Trachusa timberlakei
Timberlake's Resin-Leafcutter
Trachusa timberlakei is a species of resin-leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae. It is native to North America. The species was described by H.F. Schwarz in 1928 and is named after entomologist P.H. Timberlake. Like other members of the genus Trachusa, it constructs nests using resin and leaf fragments.