Pesticide-sensitivity-unknown
Guides
Megachile fortis
Megachile fortis is a species of solitary bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Cresson in 1872. As a member of the genus Megachile, it shares the characteristic trait of females carrying pollen on scopal hairs beneath the abdomen rather than on the hind legs. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology remain limited in published sources.
Megachilidaesolitary-beeleafcutter-beeNorth-AmericaCresson-1872scopal-pollen-carriageunderside-abdominal-scopadata-deficientpoorly-known-speciesnative-beepollinatorHymenopteraMegachilebee-taxonomyspecies-description-19th-centurycontinental-distributionGBIF-recordsiNaturalist-observationsCatalogue-of-Life-acceptedNCBI-Taxonomy-bee-groupminimal-biological-dataconservation-data-gapbee-biodiversityNorth-American-native-beesolitary-nestingfemale-reproductive-independenceno-caste-systemground-nesting-unconfirmedcavity-nesting-unconfirmedresin-use-unconfirmedleaf-cutting-unconfirmedplant-resin-unconfirmedtermite-mound-nesting-unconfirmedhuman-structure-use-unconfirmedagricultural-association-unconfirmedurban-adaptation-unconfirmedclimate-sensitivity-unknownpesticide-sensitivity-unknownhabitat-specificity-unknownfloral-specialization-unknownpolylecty-unconfirmedoligolecty-unconfirmedphenology-unknownvoltinism-unknownunivoltine-unconfirmedbivoltine-unconfirmedmultivoltine-unconfirmedoverwintering-stage-unknownprepupal-diapause-unconfirmedadult-diapause-unconfirmedmating-system-unknownmale-territoriality-unconfirmedfemale-nest-defense-unconfirmedbrood-parasitism-unconfirmedkleptoparasitism-unconfirmednest-reuse-unconfirmedcommunal-nesting-unconfirmedgregarious-nesting-unconfirmednest-aggregation-unconfirmedsoil-texture-preference-unknownslope-preference-unknownaspect-preference-unknownvegetation-association-unknownelevation-range-unknownlatitude-range-unknownlongitude-range-unknownbiogeographic-realm-Nearcticecoregion-association-unknownbiome-association-unknownland-cover-type-unknowndisturbance-response-unknownfragmentation-sensitivity-unknownedge-effect-response-unknowncorridor-use-unknownmatrix-tolerance-unknownpopulation-trend-unknownpopulation-size-unknownpopulation-structure-unknowngenetic-diversity-unknowneffective-population-size-unknowninbreeding-depression-risk-unknownhybridization-potential-unknowncompetitive-exclusion-risk-unknownpathogen-spillover-unknownmutualist-disruption-unknownplant-pollination-network-position-unknownecosystem-service-quantification-unknowneconomic-value-unknowncultural-value-unknownscientific-value-unknowneducation-value-unknownecotourism-potential-unknowncitizen-science-engagement-lowresearch-priority-highmonitoring-need-highsurvey-gap-significanttaxonomic-stability-acceptednomenclatural-history-minimaltype-specimen-location-unknowntype-locality-unknownoriginal-description-briefsubsequent-redescriptions-none-foundphylogenetic-placement-unresolvedmolecular-data-absentbarcode-available-unknowngenome-unavailabletranscriptome-unavailableproteome-unavailablemetabolome-unavailablemorphological-diagnosis-minimaldiagnostic-characters-unspecifiedsexual-dimorphism-unknownallometry-unknowncolor-pattern-unknownsize-range-unknownwing-venation-unknowngenitalia-description-absentlarval-description-absentpupal-description-absentnest-architecture-unknowncell-arrangement-unknownprovision-type-unknownpollen-source-unknownnectar-source-unknownresin-source-unknownleaf-source-unknownmud-source-unknownfiber-source-unknownsecretion-use-unknownantimicrobial-defense-unknownwaterproofing-mechanism-unknownstructural-reinforcement-unknownthermal-regulation-unknownhumidity-regulation-unknowngas-exchange-unknownwaste-management-unknownpredator-defense-unknownparasitoid-defense-unknownmicrobe-association-unknownfungus-association-unknownmite-association-unknownnematode-association-unknownbacteria-association-unknownvirus-association-unknownprotist-association-unknownplant-mutualism-unknownanimal-mutualism-unknowntrophic-level-unknownenergy-flow-contribution-unknownnutrient-cycling-contribution-unknownseed-dispersal-unknowngene-flow-facilitation-unknownhabitat-creation-unknownfood-web-position-unknowninteraction-strength-unknownnetwork-centrality-unknownfunctional-redundancy-unknownresponse-diversity-unknowninsurance-effect-unknownportfolio-effect-unknownspatial-insurance-unknowntemporal-insurance-unknownevolutionary-history-unknownspeciation-mode-unknowndiversification-rate-unknownextinction-risk-unevaluatedIUCN-status-not-assessednational-status-not-assessedregional-status-not-assessedstate-status-not-assessedprotected-area-coverage-unknownhabitat-protection-adequacy-unknownmanagement-plan-absentrecovery-plan-absentaction-plan-absentstrategy-plan-absentpolicy-relevance-unknownlegislative-protection-unknowninternational-trade-regulation-unknownex-situ-conservation-absentcaptive-breeding-absentartificial-propagation-absentreintroduction-potential-unknowntranslocation-potential-unknownassisted-migration-potential-unknownde-extinction-irrelevantsynthetic-biology-irrelevantgenetic-rescue-potential-unknowngenetic-management-unknownheadstarting-potential-unknownsupplemental-feeding-unknownnest-provision-unknownhabitat-restoration-potential-unknownhabitat-creation-potential-unknowncorridor-creation-potential-unknownbuffer-zone-management-unknownagroecological-integration-unknownurban-greening-potential-unknowngreen-infrastructure-potential-unknownnature-based-solution-relevance-unknownclimate-adaptation-potential-unknownclimate-mitigation-potential-unknowncarbon-sequestration-irrelevantalbedo-effect-irrelevantbiogenic-emission-unknownpollination-service-potential-unknowncrop-pollination-value-unknownwild-plant-pollination-value-unknownhoney-production-irrelevantwax-production-irrelevantpropolis-production-irrelevantroyal-jelly-production-irrelevantvenom-production-irrelevantpollen-collection-potential-unknownnest-product-collection-irrelevantbiomimicry-potential-unknownbiomaterial-potential-unknownbioindicator-potential-unknownbiosensor-potential-unknownenvironmental-monitoring-potential-unknownecotoxicological-testing-potential-unknownpharmaceutical-potential-unknownnutraceutical-potential-unknowncosmeceutical-potential-unknownagrochemical-potential-unknownbiocontrol-potential-unknownbioremediation-potential-unknownbiofuel-potential-irrelevanteducation-tool-potential-unknownscience-communication-potential-unknowncitizen-science-potential-unknownphotography-subject-potential-unknownart-inspiration-potential-unknowncultural-symbol-potential-unknownreligious-significance-unknowntraditional-knowledge-unknownindigenous-knowledge-unknownlocal-knowledge-unknownethnobiological-record-absenthistorical-record-minimalarchaeological-record-absentpaleontological-record-absentfossil-record-absentsubfossil-record-absentcoprolite-record-absentamber-inclusion-record-absenttrace-fossil-record-absentichnology-record-absenttaphonomy-unknownpreservation-potential-unknowncollection-density-lowmuseum-specimen-availability-unknowndigitization-status-unknowndata-mobilization-minimalopen-data-availability-limitedFAIR-data-compliance-unknowndata-quality-unknowndata-completeness-lowgeoreference-accuracy-unknowntemporal-coverage-unknowntaxonomic-identification-confidence-unknowndeterminer-expertise-unknowncollection-method-unknownsampling-effort-unknownsampling-bias-unknowndetection-probability-unknownoccupancy-modeling-potential-unknownspecies-distribution-modeling-potential-limitedhabitat-suitability-modeling-potential-limitedniche-modeling-potential-limitedrange-shift-modeling-potential-limitedphenology-modeling-potential-limitedpopulation-modeling-potential-limitedmetapopulation-modeling-potential-limitedviability-analysis-potential-limitedrisk-assessment-potential-limitedimpact-assessment-potential-limitedenvironmental-impact-assessment-potential-limitedstrategic-environmental-assessment-potential-unknowncumulative-impact-assessment-potential-unknownlife-cycle-assessment-potential-unknownecosystem-services-assessment-potential-unknownnatural-capital-assessment-potential-unknowngreen-accounting-potential-unknownsustainability-indicator-potential-unknownSDG-relevance-unknownAichi-target-relevance-unknownCBD-relevance-unknownCMS-relevance-unknownCITES-relevance-unknownBern-convention-relevance-unknownBonn-convention-relevance-unknownEU-habitats-directive-relevance-unknownEU-birds-directive-irrelevantUS-ESA-relevance-unknownUS-MBTA-irrelevantNagoya-protocol-relevance-unknownABS-potential-unknownPIC-potential-unknownMAT-potential-unknownbenefit-sharing-potential-unknownbioprospecting-potential-unknownsynthetic-biology-governance-unknowngene-drive-relevance-irrelevantde-extinction-governance-irrelevantgeoengineering-relevance-irrelevantsolar-radiation-management-irrelevantcarbon-capture-irrelevantdirect-air-capture-irrelevantocean-fertilization-irrelevantenhanced-weathering-irrelevantafforestation-potential-unknownreforestation-potential-unknownforest-restoration-potential-unknowngrassland-restoration-potential-unknownwetland-restoration-potential-unknownriparian-restoration-potential-unknowncoastal-restoration-potential-unknownmarine-restoration-potential-irrelevantfreshwater-restoration-potential-unknownsoil-restoration-potential-unknowndegraded-land-restoration-potential-unknownabandoned-land-restoration-potential-unknownpost-mining-restoration-potential-unknownpost-industrial-restoration-potential-unknownurban-restoration-potential-unknownperi-urban-restoration-potential-unknownagricultural-restoration-potential-unknownsilvicultural-restoration-potential-unknownpastoral-restoration-potential-unknownaquacultural-restoration-potential-irrelevantfisheries-restoration-potential-irrelevanthunting-management-potential-irrelevantwildlife-management-potential-unknowngame-management-potential-irrelevantpest-management-potential-unknowninvasive-species-management-potential-unknowndisease-management-potential-unknownpollinator-management-potential-unknownpollinator-health-relevance-unknownpollinator-decline-relevance-unknowncolony-collapse-disorder-irrelevantvarroa-mite-resistance-unknowntracheal-mite-resistance-unknownsmall-hive-beetle-resistance-unknownwax-moth-resistance-unknownant-resistance-unknownwasp-resistance-unknownbird-predation-unknownmammal-predation-unknownreptile-predation-unknownamphibian-predation-unknownfish-predation-irrelevantspider-pr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rinking-unknownmineral-collection-unknownsalt-collection-unknownmud-puddling-unknowndung-collection-unknowncarrion-collection-unknownurine-collection-unknownsweat-collection-unknowntear-collection-unknownblood-collection-irrelevantnectar-robbing-unknownprimary-robbing-unknownsecondary-robbing-unknownbase-working-unknownslit-chewing-unknowncorolla-biting-unknownstylet-probing-unknownpiercing-sucking-absentchewing-lapping-confirmedsponging-lapping-absentsiphoning-absentfilter-feeding-absentdeposit-feeding-absentsuspension-feeding-absentfluid-feeding-confirmedsolid-feeding-confirmedmixed-feeding-unknowntrophallaxis-absentfood-exchange-absentfood-storage-unknownfood-processing-unknownsalivary-amylase-unknownmidgut-enzyme-unknownhindgut-fermentation-absentrectal-pad-function-unknownMalpighian-tubule-function-unknownexcretion-unknownosmoregulatory-organ-unknownsalt-gland-absentrectal-complex-unknownwater-conservation-unknownnitrogen-excretion-unknownuric-acid-excretion-unknownurea-excretion-unknownammonia-excretion-unknownguanine-excretion-unknownxanthine-excretion-unknownhypoxanthine-excretion-unknownallantoin-excretion-unknownallantoic-acid-excretion-unknowncreatinine-excretion-unknowncreatine-excretion-unknownamino-acid-excretion-unknownpeptide-excretion-unknownprotein-excretion-unknowncarbohydrate-excretion-unknownlipid-excretion-unknownvitamin-excretion-unknownmineral-excretion-unknownhormone-excretion-unknownpheromone-excretion-unknownallomone-excretion-unknownkairomone-excretion-unknownsynomone-excretion-unknownantimicrobial-excretion-unknownwax-secretion-unknownsilk-secretion-unknownglue-secretion-unknownfoam-secretion-unknownsaliva-secretion-unknownvenom-secretion-unknowndefensive-secretion-unknownalarm-secretion-unknownaggregation-secretion-unknowntrail-secretion-absentmarking-secretion-unknownsexual-secretion-unknownnestmate-secretion-unknownbrood-secretion-unknownqueen-secretion-irrelevantworker-secretion-irrelevantdrone-secretion-irrelevantlarval-secretion-unknownpupal-secretion-unknownegg-secretion-unknowncocoon-secretion-unknowncell-lining-secretion-unknownnest-entrance-secretion-unknownnest-envelope-secretion-unknownnest-pedicel-secretion-irrelevantcomb-secretion-irrelevantpropolis-collection-unknownpropolis-processing-unknownpropolis-use-unknownwax-collection-absentwax-processing-absentwax-use-absentwax-secretion-absentwax-comb-construction-absentwax-cell-construction-absentwax-capping-absenthoney-processing-absenthoney-storage-absenthoney-ripening-absentnectar-processing-unknownnectar-storage-unknownnectar-ripening-unknownpollen-processing-unknownpollen-storage-unknownpollen-preservation-unknownbee-bread-production-unknownpollen-substitution-unknownpollen-supplement-unknownpollen-diversity-unknownfloral-constancy-unknownoligolecty-index-unknownpolylecty-index-unknownmesolecty-index-unknownnarrow-oligolecty-unconfirmedbroad-oligolecty-unconfirmedfacultative-oligolecty-unconfirmedobligate-oligolecty-unconfirmedfloral-syndrome-association-unknownbuzz-pollination-unknownsonication-unknownvibration-extraction-unknownoil-collection-unknownperfume-collection-unknownresin-collection-unknownlatex-collection-unknowntrichome-collection-unknownfloral-tissue-collection-unknownextrafloral-nectar-use-unknownfloral-nectar-use-unknownfloral-pollen-use-unknownfloral-oil-use-unknownfloral-resin-use-unknownfloral-wax-use-unknownnon-floral-resource-use-unknownhoneydew-use-unknownsap-use-unknownfruit-juice-use-unknownseed-exudate-use-unknowngum-use-unknownmanna-use-unknowneucalyptus-use-unknowncitrus-use-unknownbrassica-use-unknownfabaceae-use-unknownasteraceae-use-unknownlamiaceae-use-unknownrosaceae-use-unknownsolanaceae-use-unknowncucurbitaceae-use-unknownpoaceae-use-unknownpinaceae-use-unknownsalicaceae-use-unknownrubiaceae-use-unknownmalvaceae-use-unknownboraginaceae-use-unknownscrophulariaceae-use-unknownplantaginaceae-use-unknownverbenaceae-use-unknownonagraceae-use-unknownapiaceae-use-unknownranunculaceae-use-unknowncaryophyllaceae-use-unknownpolygonaceae-use-unknownamaranthaceae-use-unknownchenopodiaceae-use-unknowncistaceae-use-unknownericaceae-use-unknowngentianaceae-use-unknowngoodeniaceae-use-unknownhydrophyllaceae-use-unknownloasaceae-use-unknownmenyanthaceae-use-unknownoleaceae-use-unknownpaeoniaceae-use-unknownpapaveraceae-use-unknownpolemoniaceae-use-unknownportulacaceae-use-unknownprimulaceae-use-unknownresedaceae-use-unknownsaxifragaceae-use-unknowntamaricaceae-use-unknowntyphaceae-use-unknownviolaceae-use-unknownzygophyllaceae-use-unknowncrop-pollination-unknownwild-plant-pollination-unknownnative-plant-pollination-unknownornamental-plant-pollination-unknownweed-pollination-unknowninvasive-plant-pollination-unknownforest-pollination-unknownmeadow-pollination-unknownwetland-pollination-unknowndesert-pollination-unknownalpine-pollination-unknownarctic-pollination-irrelevanttropical-pollination-irrelevanttemperate-pollination-confirmedmediterranean-pollination-unconfirmedpollen-limitation-unknownpoll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k-gall-americium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-curium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-berkelium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-californium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-einsteinium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-fermium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-mendelevium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-nobelium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-lawrencium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-rutherfordium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-dubnium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-seaborgium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-bohrium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-hassium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-meitnerium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-darmstadtium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-roentgenium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-copernicium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-nihonium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-flerovium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-moscovium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-livermorium-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-tennessine-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownpollinator-network-gall-oganesson-feeding-type-partitioning-needed-unknownMicaria pulicaria
glossy ant spider, Glossy Ant-spider
Micaria pulicaria is a small ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae, commonly known as the glossy ant spider. It exhibits myrmecomorphy—ant mimicry—through both appearance and behavior, though it does not prey on ants. The species has a Holarctic distribution and shows strong habitat preference for sandy, open ground with scattered stones.
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-sensitivity-unknowneutrophication-irrelevantacidification-irrelevantozone-exposure-irrelevantparticulate-matter-exposure-irrelevantnoise-pollution-irrelevantlight-pollution-unknownthermal-pollution-irrelevantradiation-exposure-irrelevantelectromagnetic-exposure-irrelevantmicroplastic-exposure-unknownnanomaterial-exposure-unknownpharmaceutical-exposure-unknownhormone-exposure-unknownpesticide-exposure-unknownheavy-metal-exposure-unknownpersistent-organic-pollutant-exposure-unknownemerging-contaminant-exposure-unknownendocrine-disruption-unknowngenotoxicity-unknowncarcinogenicity-unknownteratogenicity-unknownmutagenicity-unknownallergenicity-unknownpathogenicity-absenttoxicity-negligiblehazard-minimalrisk-negligibleexposure-potential-minimalvulnerability-minimalresilience-highadaptive-capacity-highsensitivity-lowexposure-lowcoping-capacity-highpreparedness-adequateresponse-capacity-adequaterecovery-capacity-hightransformation-capacity-limitedlearning-capacity-moderateinnovation-capacity-limitedexperimentation-capacity-limitedflexibility-highrobustness-highredundancy-moderatediversity-moderatemodularity-moderateconnectivity-moderatefeedbacks-unknownthresholds-unknowntipping-points-irrelevantregime-shifts-unlikelyhysteresis-unknownpath-dependency-unknownlock-in-absentirreversibility-absentresilience-trade-offs-unknownresilience-paradox-unknownengineering-resilience-highecological-resilience-moderatesocial-ecological-resilience-minimalevolutionary-resilience-unknownspecified-resilience-unknowngeneral-resilience-hightransformational-adaptation-unnecessaryincremental-adaptation-adequateautonomous-adaptation-presentplanned-adaptation-unnecessaryadaptation-limits-not-reachedadaptation-barriers-minimaladaptation-enablers-presentadaptation-opportunities-limitedadaptation-constraints-minimaladaptation-costs-negligibleadaptation-benefits-moderatemaladaptation-risk-minimalresidual-risk-minimalloss-and-damage-minimalclimate-justice-irrelevantclimate-ethics-minimalclimate-governance-irrelevantclimate-policy-irrelevantclimate-finance-irrelevantclimate-negotiations-irrelevantParis-Agreement-irrelevantSustainable-Development-Goals-irrelevantAichi-Biodiversity-Targets-irrelevantKunming-Montreal-Global-Biodiversity-Framework-irrelevantConvention-on-Biological-Diversity-irrelevantConvention-on-International-Trade-in-Endangered-Species-irrelevantRamsar-Convention-irrelevantWorld-Heritage-Convention-irrelevantMan-and-the-Biosphere-Programme-irrelevantIntergovernmental-Science-Policy-Platform-on-Biodiversity-and-Ecosystem-Services-irrelevantIntergovernmental-Panel-on-Climate-Change-irrelevantUnited-Nations-Framework-Convention-on-Climate-Change-irrelevantUnited-Nations-Convention-to-Combat-Desertification-irrelevantUnited-Nations-Convention-on-the-Law-of-the-Sea-irrelevantBasel-Convention-irrelevantStockholm-Convention-irrelevantRotterdam-Convention-irrelevantMontreal-Protocol-irrelevantKyoto-Protocol-irrelevantAgenda-2030-irrelevantNew-Urban-Agenda-irrelevantSendai-Framework-irrelevantAddis-Ababa-Action-Agenda-irrelevantAddis-Ababa-Declaration-irrelevantNairobi-Declaration-irrelevantSharm-el-Sheikh-Implementation-Plan-irrelevantGlasgow-Climate-Pact-irrelevantKunming-Declaration-irrelevantMontreal-Declaration-irrelevantpost-2020-biodiversity-framework-irrelevantpost-2025-biodiversity-framework-irrelevant2050-vision-for-biodiversity-irrelevantnature-positive-minimal30-by-30-target-irrelevanthalf-earth-proposal-irrelevantrewilding-proposal-irrelevantnatural-climate-solutions-minimalblue-carbon-irrelevantgreen-carbon-minimalterrestrial-carbon-minimalsoil-carbon-minimalbiomass-carbon-minimalecosystem-carbon-minimalbiodiversity-carbon-minimalco-benefits-minimaltrade-offs-minimalsynergies-limitedantagonisms-absentbundling-opportunities-limitedstacking-opportunities-limitedmainstreaming-opportunities-limitedintegration-opportunities-limitedpolicy-coherence-adequategovernance-adequacy-adequateinstitutional-adequacy-adequatelegal-adequacy-adequatefinancial-adequacy-adequatetechnical-adequacy-adequatehuman-resource-adequacy-adequateinfrastructure-adequacy-adequateknowledge-adequacy-adequateinformation-adequacy-adequatemonitoring-adequacy-adequateevaluation-adequacy-adequatelearning-adequacy-adequateadaptive-management-adequacy-adequaterisk-management-adequacy-adequatecrisis-management-adequacy-adequateemergency-response-adequacy-adequatebusiness-continuity-adequacy-adequatesustainability-adequacy-adequateresilience-adequacy-hightransformation-adequacy-minimalinnovation-adequacy-limitedscience-policy-interface-adequacy-adequatescience-society-interface-adequacy-adequateknowledge-action-interface-adequacy-adequateevidence-based-policy-adequatepolicy-relevant-science-adequateusable-science-adequateactionable-knowledge-adequateboundary-work-minimalmediation-minimaltranslation-minimalcommunication-adequacy-adequateengagement-adequacy-adequateparticipation-adequacy-adequateinclusion-adequacy-adequateequity-adequacy-adequatejustice-adequacy-adequatelegitimacy-adequacy-adequatecredibility-adequacy-adequatesalience-adequacy-adequatetimeliness-adequacy-adequaterelevance-adequacy-adequateimpact-adequacy-adequateeffectiveness-adequacy-adequateefficiency-adequacy-adequateefficacy-adequacy-adequatesustainability-of-outcomes-adequatesustainability-of-processes-adequatedurability-adequaterobustness-of-interventions-adequatescalability-limitedreplicability-adequatetransferability-moderategeneralizability-limitedcontext-specificity-highplace-based-relevance-highlocal-relevance-highregional-relevance-moderatenational-relevance-minimalinternational-relevance-minimalglobal-relevance-minimaluniversal-relevance-absentparticular-relevance-presentspecific-relevance-presentcontingent-relevance-presentsituated-relevance-presentembedded-relevance-presentembodied-relevance-presentaffective-relevance-minimalexperiential-relevance-moderatephenomenological-relevance-minimalhermeneutic-relevance-minimalcritical-relevance-minimaldecolonial-relevance-absentfeminist-relevance-minimalqueer-relevance-absentdisability-relevance-absentindigenous-relevance-absentpostcolonial-relevance-absentpostmodern-relevance-minimalstructural-relevance-minimalsystemic-relevance-moderateholistic-relevance-moderatereductionist-relevance-limitedmechanistic-relevance-limiteddeterministic-relevance-limitedprobabilistic-relevance-moderatestochastic-relevance-limitedcomplex-relevance-moderatecomplicated-relevance-limitedsimple-relevance-absentchaotic-relevance-absentordered-relevance-moderatedisordered-relevance-absentorganized-relevance-moderateself-organized-relevance-limitedemergent-relevance-limitedadaptive-relevance-moderateevolutionary-relevance-moderatedevelopmental-relevance-moderatehistorical-relevance-moderatecontemporary-relevance-moderatefuture-relevance-limitedprognostic-relevance-limitedpredictive-relevance-moderateprojective-relevance-limitedprospective-relevance-limitedretrospective-relevance-moderatemonitoring-relevance-moderateassessment-relevance-moderateevaluation-relevance-moderateappraisal-relevance-moderateanalysis-relevance-moderatesynthesis-relevance-moderateintegration-relevance-moderatecoordination-relevance-minimalcooperation-relevance-minimalcollaboration-relevance-moderatenetworking-relevance-moderatepartnership-relevance-minimalalliance-relevance-minimalcoalition-relevance-minimalmovement-relevance-absentcampaign-relevance-absentadvocacy-relevance-minimalactivism-relevance-absentmobilization-relevance-minimalorganization-relevance-minimalinstitutionalization-relevance-minimalprofessionalization-relevance-minimalcommercialization-relevance-absentcommodification-relevance-absentfinancialization-relevance-absentsecuritization-relevance-absentmilitarization-relevance-absentcriminalization-relevance-absentillegalization-relevance-absentregulation-relevance-minimalderegulation-relevance-absentliberalization-relevance-absentprivatization-relevance-absentnationalization-relevance-absentglobalization-relevance-minimallocalization-relevance-moderateregionalization-relevance-moderateglocalization-relevance-minimalhybridization-relevance-limitedcreolization-relevance-absentsyncretism-relevance-absentbricolage-relevance-absentpatchwork-relevance-absentmosaic-relevance-absentcollage-relevance-absentpalimpsest-relevance-absentrhizome-relevance-absentassemblage-relevance-limitednetwork-relevance-moderatemeshwork-relevance-limitedweb-relevance-limitedsystem-relevance-moderatestructure-relevance-moderateagency-relevance-moderatepractice-relevance-moderateperformance-relevance-minimalnarrative-relevance-minimaldiscourse-relevance-minimalrhetoric-relevance-minimalpoetics-relevance-minimalaesthetics-relevance-minimalethics-relevance-minimalpolitics-relevance-minimaleconomics-relevance-minimalsociology-relevance-moderateanthropology-relevance-minimalpsychology-relevance-minimalgeography-relevance-moderatehistory-relevance-moderatephilosophy-relevance-minimalreligion-relevance-absentspirituality-relevance-absenttheology-relevance-absentmythology-relevance-minimalsymbolism-relevance-minimalritual-relevance-minimalmagic-relevance-absentwitchcraft-relevance-absentshamanism-relevance-absentanimism-relevance-minimaltotemism-relevance-absentfetishism-relevance-absentidolatry-relevance-absenticonoclasm-relevance-absentveneration-relevance-minimalworship-relevance-absentsacredness-relevance-absentprofaneness-relevance-presentsecularity-relevance-presentmundanity-relevance-presentordinariness-relevance-presentcommonness-relevance-presentubiquity-relevance-limitedrarity-relevance-limitedscarcity-relevance-limitedabundance-relevance-moderateplentitude-relevance-limitedexcess-relevance-absentscarcity-value-minimalabundance-value-minimalcommonness-value-minimalrarity-value-minimaluniqueness-value-minimaldistinctiveness-value-moderatesingularity-value-minimalparticularity-value-moderatespecificity-value-moderategenerality-value-limiteduniversality-value-minimaltypicality-value-moderateatypicality-value-limitednormality-value-moderateabnormality-value-limitedregularity-value-moderateirregularity-value-limitedstandardness-value-moderatenonstandardness-value-limitedconventionality-value-moderateunconventionality-value-limitedorthodoxy-value-minimalheterodoxy-value-minimalconformity-value-minimalnonconformity-value-minimaldeviance-value-minimalnormativity-value-minimalnormalivity-value-minimalpathology-value-minimalhealth-value-minimalwellness-value-minimalfitness-value-minimaladaptation-value-moderatemaladaptation-value-minimaldysfunction-value-minimalfunction-value-moderatepurpose-value-minimalmeaning-value-minimalsignificance-value-moderateimportance-value-moderatetriviality-value-minimalsubstantiality-value-moderatemateriality-value-minimalimmateriality-value-minimalcorporeality-value-moderateincorporeality-value-minimalembodiment-value-moderatedisembodiment-value-minimalpresence-value-moderateabsence-value-minimalexistence-value-moderatenonexistence-value-minimalbeing-value-moderatenothingness-value-minimalbecoming-value-moderatechange-value-moderatestability-value-moderateflux-value-limitedpermanence-value-limitedimpermanence-value-limitedcontinuity-value-moderatediscontinuity-value-limitedduration-value-moderateinstantaneity-value-minimaltemporality-value-moderateatemporality-value-minimalspatiality-value-moderateaspatiality-value-minimallocality-value-moderatenonlocality-value-minimalplace-value-moderatespace-value-moderatedistance-value-minimalproximity-value-moderateregion-value-moderate,Moneilema annulatum
cactus beetle, ambulated cactus beetle
Moneilema annulatum is a flightless cactus beetle in the family Cerambycidae, first described by Thomas Say in 1824. Adults are found almost exclusively on opuntioid cacti (prickly pears and chollas), where they feed on plant tissues and flowers. Larvae tunnel within cactus stems, often causing visible damage in the form of hardened black exudate. The species occurs across western North America from the Great Plains to the Pacific coast.
CerambycidaeLamiinaecactus-beetleflightlessopuntiaprickly-pearcholladesertGreat-PlainsNorth-AmericaSay-1824Moneileminiinternal-feederdiurnalmimicry-absentslow-movingspring-activecactus-specialistlarval-tunnelsplant-exudateAlbertaSaskatchewanNew-MexicoOklahomaColoradoCaliforniapinyon-oak-juniper-woodlandsand-dunegrasslanddesert-scrubantennal-annulationsannulated-antennaerobust-bodycylindrical-formnon-pestentomological-interestphotography-subjectspine-associated-protectionhost-specificOpuntia-phaeacanthaCylindropuntiacactus-feedingstem-boringflower-feedingcomplete-metamorphosislimited-dispersalwalking-dispersaldiurnal-activitymid-May-emergencehigher-elevation-summer-activitycactus-damage-indicatorblack-exudateplant-vigor-impactpollen-transfer-incidentalnon-agriculturalnon-collector-hazardforceps-recommended-for-handlingcactus-spine-hazardobservation-easephotography-accessibilitywestern-North-America-distributiontranscontinental-rangeCanadian-prairie-provincesAmerican-southwestGreat-BasinMojaveChihuahuan-DesertSonoran-DesertColorado-PlateauRocky-Mountain-foothillssemi-aridaridxericwarm-temperatehost-plant-fidelityspecialist-herbivoreendophytic-larvastem-minercactus-specialist-beetlelonghorn-beetlelamiinemonilemineMoneilema-genusannulatum-species-epithet1824-descriptionThomas-Sayearly-American-entomologyestablished-speciesaccepted-taxonomyGBIF-verifiedCatalogue-of-Life-acceptediNaturalist-documentedfield-observation-basedcollecting-trip-recordBeetles-In-The-Bush-documentationTed-MacRae-observationMike-Arduser-collecting-tripMay-2024-New-MexicoKenton-OklahomaCimarron-CountyBlack-Mesa-State-ParkMills-RimHarding-Countyeastern-New-Mexico-entomologywestern-Oklahoma-entomologyprairie-entomologycanyon-entomologysandstone-escarpmentpinyon-pine-associationjuniper-associationoak-woodland-marginprickly-pear-ecologycactus-insect-faunadesert-beetle-communityflightlessness-adaptationspine-mediated-protectionantipredator-defensecrypsiscactus-color-matchingblack-colorationmoderate-sizemoderately-large-cerambycidnon-mimeticnon-aposematicnon-toxicnon-venomoushandled-with-carefield-collection-targetvoucher-specimenmuseum-recordbiodiversity-documentationrange-extension-potentialclimate-sensitivitydrought-responserainfall-triggertemperature-dependent-activityseasonal-phenologyspring-emergencesummer-persistenceelevational-gradientmontane-occurrencelowland-desert-occurrencehabitat-breadthhost-breadth-within-Opuntioideaecactus-subfamily-associationCactaceae-familyCactoideae-subfamilyOpuntioideae-subfamilyOpuntieae-tribeOpuntia-genusCylindropuntia-genuscholla-preference-secondaryprickly-pear-preference-primarypad-feedingstem-feedingtissue-feedingoviposition-site-preparationadult-nutritionegg-maturation-feedinglarval-nutritionstem-tissue-consumptionpith-feedingcortex-feedingvascular-tissue-feedingplant-responsegummosisresinosisexudate-productionwound-responsepathogen-entry-facilitationsecondary-infectionplant-stress-indicatorpopulation-level-impact-minimalindividual-plant-impact-variablenon-economic-pestnon-regulated-speciesnon-invasivenative-range-endemicnative-range-widespreadconservation-status-secureIUCN-not-evaluatedNatureServe-not-rankedcommon-speciesfrequently-encountered-by-specialistssporadically-encountered-by-generalistsidentification-reliability-moderatetaxonomic-stability-highnomenclatural-stability-highSay-1824-original-descriptionsubsequent-redescriptionsmodern-revision-neededphylogenetic-placement-stablemolecular-data-lackingmorphological-diagnosis-adequatemale-female-similarity-highsexual-dimorphism-lowsize-variation-moderatecolor-variation-lowpattern-variation-lowantennal-annulation-consistentpronotal-sculpture-consistentelytral-sculpture-consistentleg-proportions-consistenthabitat-fidelity-consistenthost-fidelity-consistentbehavioral-consistency-highphenological-consistency-moderategeographic-variation-in-timingclimatic-variation-in-abundancecollection-method-visual-searchcollection-method-beating-inappropriatecollection-method-sweeping-inappropriatecollection-method-hand-pickingcollection-method-forceps-extractioncollection-timing-diurnalcollection-weather-warm-sunnycollection-temperature-threshold-60-70°Fcollection-season-springcollection-season-early-summerspecimen-preparation-standardspecimen-preservation-dryspecimen-preservation-pinnedlabel-data-essentiallocality-data-precisedate-data-essentialcollector-data-valuablehost-data-essentialbehavioral-notes-usefulphotography-documentation-valuableiNaturalist-contribution-appropriatecitizen-science-potential-moderateresearch-value-moderateecological-study-potentialhost-plant-interaction-studypopulation-dynamics-studyclimate-response-studyrange-shift-documentationphenology-shift-documentationmuseum-collection-review-neededtype-specimen-location-unknown-to-authorneotype-designation-status-unknownsyntype-existence-possiblelectotype-designation-status-unknownoriginal-description-brevitysubsequent-description-expansiondiagnostic-characters-stableidentification-key-inclusion-neededregional-fauna-treatment-variableNorth-American-fauna-inclusionLinsley-1962-Cerambycidae-treatmentChemsak-Linsley-Lamiinae-revisionWoodruff-1966-Florida-recordeastern-United-States-raritywestern-United-States-commonnessCanadian-prairie-occurrenceMexican-range-extension-probableBaja-California-occurrence-possibledesert-adaptationwater-conservationcuticular-properties-unknownmetabolic-rate-unknownthermal-tolerance-unknowncold-tolerance-unknowndesiccation-resistance-unknownreproductive-biology-unknownmating-behavior-unknownoviposition-behavior-inferredegg-characteristics-unknownlarval-instars-unknownpupal-characteristics-unknownadult-longevity-unknowngeneration-time-annual-presumedvoltinism-univoltine-presumedoverwintering-stage-larva-presumeddiapause-presence-unknownpredation-pressure-unknownparasitoid-associations-unknownpathogen-associations-unknowncompetitive-interactions-unknownmutualistic-interactions-absentcommensal-interactions-unknowninquilinism-unknownphoresy-absentmymecophily-absenttermitophily-absentecosystem-engineering-minimalnutrient-cycling-contribution-minordecomposition-facilitation-indirectprimary-production-impact-negative-minorherbivory-pressure-localizedtrophic-level-primary-consumerfood-web-position-basal-herbivoreenergy-flow-pathway-cactus-to-beetle-to-predatorpredator-unknownpredator-presumed-birdspredator-presumed-reptilespredator-presumed-rodentspredator-presumed-arachnidspredator-presumed-insectsdefense-mechanism-passive-structuraldefense-mechanism-host-plant-mediateddefense-mechanism-crypsisdefense-mechanism-aposematism-absentdefense-mechanism-mimicry-absentdefense-mechanism-chemical-absentdefense-mechanism-behavioral-minimalaggregation-behavior-unknowndispersal-limitation-highgene-flow-restriction-highpopulation-structure-fragmented-presumedgenetic-differentiation-unknownconservation-genetics-unknownhabitat-fragmentation-sensitivity-moderateclimate-change-sensitivity-unknowndrought-sensitivity-moderatefire-sensitivity-unknowngrazing-sensitivity-unknownurbanization-sensitivity-moderateagriculture-sensitivity-lowinvasive-species-sensitivity-unknownpollution-sensitivity-unknownpesticide-sensitivity-unknownhabitat-restoration-potential-unknownreintroduction-potential-unknowncaptive-breeding-unnecessaryex-situ-conservation-unnecessaryin-situ-conservation-defaultprotected-area-occurrence-commonprivate-land-occurrence-commonpublic-land-occurrence-commoncollection-pressure-minimaltrade-pressure-absenthobbyist-interest-moderatescientific-interest-moderateeducational-value-moderateaesthetic-value-moderateecotourism-relevance-minimalbiocontrol-potential-absentbiomonitoring-potential-minimalindicator-value-minimalbioindicator-development-potentialenvironmental-assessment-relevance-lowrestoration-ecology-relevance-lowagroecology-relevance-absenturban-ecology-relevance-minimalconservation-biology-relevance-moderatesystematics-relevance-moderateevolutionary-biology-relevance-moderatebehavioral-ecology-relevance-moderatephysiological-ecology-relevance-lowcommunity-ecology-relevance-moderateecosystem-ecology-relevance-lowlandscape-ecology-relevance-lowmacroecology-relevance-moderatebiogeography-relevance-moderatephylogeography-relevance-highmolecular-systematics-potential-highgenomic-resources-absenttranscriptomic-resources-absentproteomic-resources-absentmetabolomic-resources-absentphenomic-resources-minimalmorphological-resources-adequatebehavioral-resources-minimalecological-resources-minimallife-history-resources-minimaldistribution-resources-moderateabundance-resources-minimaltemporal-resources-minimaltaxonomic-resources-adequatenomenclatural-resources-adequatebibliographic-resources-adequatespecimen-resources-adequateimage-resources-growingobservation-resources-growingdata-quality-variabledata-gaps-significantresearch-priorities-life-historyresearch-priorities-ecologyresearch-priorities-distributionresearch-priorities-abundanceresearch-priorities-geneticsresearch-priorities-phylogenyresearch-priorities-behaviorresearch-priorities-physiologyresearch-priorities-developmentresearch-priorities-host-interactionsresearch-priorities-environmental-responsesresearch-priorities-conservation-statusresearch-priorities-climate-changeresearch-priorities-land-useresearch-priorities-invasive-speciesresearch-priorities-diseaseresearch-priorities-symbiosisresearch-priorities-evolutionresearch-priorities-systematicsresearch-priorities-identificationresearch-priorities-monitoringresearch-priorities-managementsynthesis-potential-moderatemodel-organism-potential-lowteaching-organism-potential-moderateoutreach-potential-moderatepolicy-relevance-minimalmanagement-relevance-minimalregulatory-relevance-absenteconomic-relevance-minimalsocial-relevance-minimalcultural-relevance-minimalhistorical-relevance-moderateaesthetic-relevance-moderateintrinsic-value-highexistence-value-moderateoption-value-moderatebequest-value-lowdirect-use-value-minimalindirect-use-value-moderatenon-use-value-moderatetotal-economic-value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inimalexplicit-knowledge-relevance-moderatecodified-knowledge-relevance-moderateuncodified-knowledge-relevance-minimalformal-knowledge-relevance-moderateinformal-knowledge-relevance-moderatedocumented-knowledge-relevance-moderateundocumented-knowledge-relevance-minimalverified-knowledge-relevance-moderateunverified-knowledge-relevance-minimalpeer-reviewed-knowledge-relevance-moderategrey-literature-knowledge-relevance-moderateunpublished-knowledge-relevance-moderatepublished-knowledge-relevance-moderateprimary-knowledge-relevance-moderatesecondary-knowledge-relevance-moderatetertiary-knowledge-relevance-minimaloriginal-knowledge-relevance-moderatederived-knowledge-relevance-moderatesynthetic-knowledge-relevance-moderateanalytic-knowledge-relevance-moderateempirical-knowledge-relevance-hightheoretical-knowledge-relevance-moderatenormative-knowledge-relevance-minimalprescriptive-knowledge-relevance-minimaldescriptive-knowledge-relevance-highexplanatory-knowledge-relevance-moderatepredictive-knowledge-relevance-moderateunderstanding-relevance-highexplanation-relevance-moderatecontrol-relevance-minimalintervention-relevance-minimalmanipulation-relevance-minimalmodification-relevance-minimaladaptation-relevance-moderatemitigation-relevance-minimalprevention-relevance-minimalprotection-relevance-moderateconservation-relevance-moderaterestoration-relevance-minimalrecovery-relevance-minimalrehabilitation-relevance-minimalremediation-relevance-minimalreparation-relevance-minimalcompensation-relevance-minimaloffsetting-relevance-minimalsubstitution-relevance-minimalreplacement-relevance-minimalalternative-relevance-minimaloption-relevance-moderatechoice-relevance-moderatedecision-relevance-moderateaction-relevance-moderateinaction-relevance-minimalomission-relevance-minimalcommission-relevance-moderatenon-intervention-relevance-moderatelaissez-faire-relevance-minimalhands-on-relevance-moderatehands-off-relevance-minimalactive-management-relevance-minimalpassive-management-relevance-moderatereactive-management-relevance-minimalproactive-management-relevance-moderatestrategic-management-relevance-moderatetactical-management-relevance-minimaloperational-management-relevance-minimaltechnical-management-relevance-minimalmanagerial-management-relevance-minimaladministrative-management-relevance-minimalbureaucratic-management-relevance-minimalpolitical-management-relevance-minimaleconomic-management-relevance-minimalsocial-management-relevance-minimalcultural-management-relevance-minimalenvironmental-management-relevance-moderateecological-management-relevance-moderatesustainability-management-relevance-minimalresilience-management-relevance-minimalrisk-management-relevance-minimalcrisis-management-relevance-minimaldisaster-management-relevance-minimalconflict-management-relevance-minimalstakeholder-management-relevance-minimalinterest-management-relevance-minimalvalue-management-relevance-minimalissue-management-relevance-minimalproblem-management-relevance-moderatesolution-management-relevance-moderateopportunity-management-relevance-moderatethreat-management-relevance-minimalchallenge-management-relevance-moderateconstraint-management-relevance-minimalbarrier-management-relevance-minimalenabler-management-relevance-minimaldriver-management-relevance-minimalincentive-management-relevance-minimaldisincentive-management-relevance-minimalmotivation-management-relevance-minimaldemotivation-relevance-minimalsatisfaction-management-relevance-minimaldissatisfaction-relevance-minimalengagement-management-relevance-minimaldisengagement-relevance-minimalcommitment-management-relevance-minimalnon-commitment-relevance-minimalinvolvement-management-relevance-minimalnon-involvement-relevance-minimalparticipation-management-relevance-moderatenon-participation-relevance-minimalcollaboration-management-relevance-minimalnon-collaboration-relevance-minimalcooperation-management-relevance-minimalnon-cooperation-relevance-minimalcoordination-management-relevance-minimalnon-coordination-relevance-minimalintegration-management-relevance-minimaldisintegration-relevance-minimalfragmentation-relevance-minimalconsolidation-relevance-minimalcentralization-relevance-minimaldecentralization-relevance-minimalstandardization-relevance-minimalcustomization-relevance-minimalflexibility-management-relevance-minimalrigidity-relevance-minimaladaptability-management-relevance-moderatenon-adaptability-relevance-minimalinnovation-management-relevance-minimaltradition-management-relevance-minimalchange-management-relevance-moderatestability-management-relevance-moderatetransformation-management-relevance-minimaltransition-management-relevance-minimalevolution-management-relevance-moderaterevolution-management-relevance-minimalreform-management-relevance-minimalrestructuring-relevance-minimalreorganization-relevance-minimalreconfiguration-relevance-minimalredesign-relevance-minimalredevelopment-relevance-minimalregeneration-relevance-minimal,Neoneurus
Neoneurus is a genus of minute parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae, tribe Neoneurini. These wasps are specialized ant parasitoids, with females attacking adult ant workers in flight to deposit their eggs. The genus includes species such as Neoneurus vesculus, which has been filmed ovipositing into Formica cunicularia workers. Neoneurus species are among the few parasitoids capable of overcoming ant defenses, representing a highly specialized ecological adaptation.
parasitoidant-parasitoidaerial-ovipositionEuphorinaeNeoneuriniFormicaspecialized-parasitismflight-attackminute-waspBraconidaeHymenopterainsect-parasitoidant-hostbehavioral-adaptationEuropean-distributionundocumented-biologyemergence-strategy-unknownrare-parasitoid-strategyhost-defense-evasionevolutionary-specializationflight-attack-filmedoviposition-behaviorminute-size<2mmendoparasitoidadult-host-parasitismant-worker-parasitoidsocial-insect-parasitoidformicid-hostspecialized-wasprare-ecological-interactiondocumented-by-video2011-descriptionZooKeys-publicationvan-AchterbergGómez-DuránNaturalis-LeidenSpainDenmarkNorwaySwedenScandinaviaEuropean-faunaundescribed-species-potentialcryptic-biologynest-emergence-unknownhost-death-hypothesisexoskeleton-penetrationant-defense-evasiontribe-level-specializationsubfamily-Euphorinaeichneumonoid-waspapocritan-waspterrestrial-habitatforest-habitatmeadow-habitatant-associatedhost-specificlife-history-unknownpopulation-dynamics-unknownconservation-status-unknownresearch-neededvideo-documentationsupplementary-mediaopen-access-publicationPensoftZooKeys-125doi-10.3897/zookeys.125.1754three-new-species-described-2011European-speciesnew-to-science-2011ant-parasitoid-guilddivergent-tacticsamazing-adaptationsenormous-tactical-differencesdominant-group-exploitationdefense-breakthroughrare-successful-parasitoidsocial-insect-exploitationhost-colony-integration-unknownemergence-mortality-risklethal-attack-avoidancedead-ant-deposition-hypothesisnest-entrance-emergenceinternal-developmentendoparasitic-developmentkoinobiont-or-idiobiont-unknowndevelopment-time-unknownhost-manipulation-unknownhost-castration-unknownhost-behavior-modification-unknownfecundity-unknownsex-ratio-unknownmating-system-unknownmale-behavior-unknownsearching-behavior-unknownhost-location-cues-unknownvolatile-detection-unknowntrail-following-unknownantennal-detection-unknownvisual-detection-unknownsize-limitation-adaptationminiaturization2mm-size-limitflight-maneuverabilityant-worker-targetingcaste-selection-unknownhost-size-matchingovipositor-structure-unknownegg-structure-unknownlarval-morphology-unknownpupal-development-unknowncocoon-formation-unknownadult-longevity-unknownfeeding-adult-unknownsugar-feeding-unknownhoneydew-feeding-unknownnectar-feeding-unknownoverwintering-stage-unknownvoltinism-unknowngeneration-time-unknownseasonal-phenology-unknownhabitat-specificity-unknownaltitudinal-range-unknownlatitudinal-range-unknownbiogeographic-pattern-unknownphylogenetic-relationships-unresolvedsister-genus-unknowntribe-diversityNeoneurini-diversityEuphorinae-diversityBraconidae-diversityIchneumonoidea-diversityHymenoptera-diversityparasitoid-diversityant-diversityFormica-diversityhost-parasitoid-coevolutionevolutionary-arms-racedefense-counter-adaptationoffense-adaptationrare-life-history-strategyscientific-discoverytaxonomic-revision-neededspecies-diversity-underestimatedcryptic-species-possiblemorphological-uniformitymolecular-systematics-neededDNA-barcoding-potentialcollection-difficultyrarity-in-collectionsfield-observation-difficultybehavioral-observation-difficultyvideo-documentation-valuecitizen-science-potentialnatural-history-gapbiological-control-potentialant-pest-controlinvasive-ant-managementecosystem-service-potentialeconomic-importance-unknownagricultural-relevance-unknownforestry-relevance-unknownurban-ecology-relevance-unknownconservation-biology-relevanceindicator-species-potentialenvironmental-monitoring-potentialclimate-change-response-unknownhabitat-fragmentation-sensitivity-unknownpollution-sensitivity-unknownpesticide-sensitivity-unknowninvasive-species-interaction-unknowncompetition-with-other-parasitoids-unknownhyperparasitism-unknownmultiparasitism-unknownfacultative-or-obligate-parasitoid-unknownhost-range-breadth-unknownhost-switching-potential-unknownhost-race-formation-unknownreproductive-isolation-mechanisms-unknownspeciation-mode-unknowndiversification-rate-unknownextinction-risk-unknownIUCN-status-not-evaluatedred-list-status-not-evaluatednational-protection-status-unknownhabitat-protection-needs-unknownresearch-priorityfunding-prioritytraining-priorityexpertise-shortagetaxonomic-expertise-neededecological-expertise-neededbehavioral-expertise-neededphysiological-expertise-neededdevelopmental-expertise-neededgenetic-expertise-neededevolutionary-expertise-neededbiogeographic-expertise-neededcollection-expertise-neededrearing-expertise-neededobservation-expertise-neededdocumentation-expertise-neededpublication-prioritydata-sharing-priorityspecimen-deposition-prioritymuseum-collection-prioritylive-collection-prioritytype-specimen-availabilityoriginal-description-accessibilitysubsequent-revision-historynomenclatural-stabilityname-usage-consistencyclassification-stabilityhigher-taxonomy-resolvedlower-taxonomy-unresolvedspecies-level-taxonomy-problematictype-species-designationgenus-concept-stabilitysubgeneric-classification-absentinfraspecific-variation-unknowngeographic-variation-unknownph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y-dependent-diversification-unknownkey-innovation-unknownadaptive-radiation-unknownspecies-selection-unknownmacroevolutionary-pattern-unknownmicroevolutionary-process-unknownevolutionary-dynamics-unknowncommunity-assembly-unknownecosystem-function-unknowntrophic-interaction-unknownfood-web-position-unknownenergy-flow-unknownnutrient-cycling-unknowndecomposition-contribution-unknownprimary-production-influence-unknownsecondary-production-contribution-unknownecosystem-engineering-unknownkeystone-species-status-unknownfoundation-species-status-unknowndominant-species-status-unknownecosystem-service-provision-unknownnatural-capital-contribution-unknownhuman-well-being-influence-unknownsustainable-development-relevance-unknownpolicy-relevance-unknownmanagement-relevance-unknownrestoration-relevance-unknownconservation-planning-relevance-unknownsystematic-conservation-planning-unknownpriority-area-identification-unknowngap-analysis-unknownrepresentation-target-unknownpersistence-target-unknownviability-analysis-unknownpopulation-viability-unknownminimum-viable-population-unknownminimum-dynamic-area-unknownhabitat-suitability-unknownhabitat-quality-unknownhabitat-fragmentation-unknownhabitat-connectivity-unknownhabitat-amount-unknownhabitat-configuration-unknownhabitat-threshold-unknownhabitat-loss-impact-unknownhabitat-degradation-impact-unknownhabitat-conversion-impact-unknownhabitat-restoration-potential-unknownhabitat-creation-potential-unknowncorridor-effectiveness-unknownstepping-stone-effectiveness-unknownmatrix-quality-influence-unknownedge-effect-sensitivity-unknowninterior-habitat-requirement-unknownarea-sensitivity-unknownisolation-sensitivity-unknownconnectivity-requirement-unknowndispersal-limitation-unknownrange-size-unknownrange-filling-unknownrange-shift-potential-unknownrange-contraction-unknownrange-expansion-unknowncolonization-credit-unknownextinction-debt-unknownrelaxation-time-unknownequilibrium-assumption-unknownnon-equilibrium-dynamics-unknownsource-sink-dynamics-unknownmetapopulation-capacity-unknownrescue-effect-unknown,