European-fauna

Guides

Anogmus
Anogmus is a genus of chalcidoid wasps in the family Pteromalidae, first described by Foerster in 1856. These small parasitoid wasps belong to the subfamily Pteromalinae and are part of the diverse radiation of pteromalid wasps that attack various insect hosts. The genus is documented from parts of northern Europe including Denmark, Norway, and Poland.
parasitoid-wasps Pteromalidae Chalcidoidea Hymenoptera European-fauna
Archarius salicivorus
Archarius salicivorus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Paykull in 1792. The specific epithet 'salicivorus' indicates an association with willow (Salix). It is native to Europe and has been recorded in Belgium.
weevil European-fauna willow-associated
Artheneidae
Artheneid Bugs
Artheneidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera, containing approximately 7 genera and at least 20 described species. The family was previously classified within Lygaeidae but is now recognized as distinct. It comprises three subfamilies: Artheneinae, Dilompinae, and Nothochrominae. Members are distributed across parts of Europe, with records from Denmark and Sweden.
true-bugs Hemiptera Lygaeoidea European-fauna
Arthrolytus
A genus of small parasitoid wasps in the family Pteromalidae. European species have been reared from cynipid galls on oak, indicating a parasitoid relationship with gall wasps. The genus includes at least two newly described European species, A. nanus and A. incisus, alongside A. ocellus.
parasitoid oak-galls cynipid-wasps Pteromalidae European-fauna
Aulogymnus
Aulogymnus is a genus of chalcidoid wasps in the family Eulophidae, first described by Förster in 1851. Members of this genus are small parasitoid wasps, part of a diverse family that primarily parasitizes other insects. The genus has been recorded from Europe and Asia. Specific biological details for the genus as a whole remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
parasitoid Eulophidae Chalcidoidea Hymenoptera Palearctic wasps insects arthropods entomology taxonomy Förster-1851 Denmark Spain Tibet China Europe Asia minute-wasps chalcid-wasps Eulophinae Terebrantes Apocrita Hexapoda Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Aulogymnus small-wasps tiny-wasps parasitic-wasps biological-control insect-parasitoids systematics morphology identification keys Nearctic Oriental Xizang citizen-science iNaturalist observations records distribution Förster 1851 genus accepted valid synonymy chalcidoid chalcid chalcids eulophid eulophids eulophid-wasps eulophines parasitoid-wasps parasitic-Hymenoptera biological-control-agents insect-diversity biodiversity fauna entomological hymenopteran arthropod hexapod hexapods pterygote pterygotes endopterygote endopterygotes holometabolous holometabola tiny-insects minute-insects small-insects microhymenoptera micro-wasps micro-parasitoids micro-chalcids micro-eulophids wing-venation antennae thorax diagnostic-characters taxonomic-keys identification-keys generic-keys Nearctic-fauna European-fauna Asian-fauna Tibetan-fauna Spanish-fauna Danish-fauna poorly-known data-deficient understudied cryptic-diversity host-unknown biology-unknown life-history-unknown ecology-unknown distribution-records occurrence-records specimen-records museum-records database-records GBIF Catalogue-of-Life NCBI Wikipedia Universal-Chalcidoidea-Database Key-to-Nearctic-eulophid-genera literature sources references citations bibliography original-description type-species type-locality nomenclature systematic-entomology hymenopterology chalcidology parasitology biological-control-research integrated-pest-management IPM agricultural-entomology forest-entomology medical-entomology veterinary-entomology urban-entomology conservation-entomology insect-ecology community-ecology population-ecology behavioral-ecology evolutionary-ecology phylogenetics phylogeny molecular-systematics DNA-barcoding taxonomy-and-phylogeny classification biodiversity-informatics biogeography historical-biogeography phylogeography dispersal vicariance speciation diversification evolution adaptation natural-selection sexual-selection life-history-evolution host-parasitoid-interactions coevolution tritrophic-interactions food-webs ecosystem-services natural-enemies biocontrol augmentative-biological-control classical-biological-control conservation-biological-control invasive-species-management pest-management sustainable-agriculture organic-farming agroecology ecosystem-health environmental-monitoring bioindicators indicator-species climate-change global-change habitat-loss fragmentation conservation-status IUCN red-list not-evaluated research-needs knowledge-gaps future-research priorities specimen-collection vouchering museum-collections natural-history-collections digitization data-sharing open-science FAIR-principles citizen-science-contributions community-science public-engagement science-communication education outreach natural-history insect-watching wasp-watching nature-observation biodiversity-appreciation
Axinotarsus
Axinotarsus is a genus of soft-bodied beetles in the family Melyridae, subfamily Malachiinae. The genus was established by Motschulsky in 1854 and contains approximately 14 described species distributed primarily in Europe. Members of this genus are small, typically elongate beetles with the characteristic flexible elytra typical of malachiine beetles.
beetle soft-bodied-beetle Malachiinae Melyridae European-fauna
Batia lunaris
Lesser Tawny Crescent
Batia lunaris, commonly known as the Lesser Tawny Crescent, is a small gelechioid moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is the type species of genus Batia. Adults are nocturnal and fly in mid-summer, with a wingspan of 7–10 mm. The species is widespread across European woodlands.
gelechioid-moth concealer-moth European-fauna nocturnal woodland-species
Bohemannia pulverosella
Dusty Apple Pigmy
Bohemannia pulverosella is a species of minute moth in the family Nepticulidae, commonly known as the Dusty Apple Pigmy. It is distributed across much of Europe, from Fennoscandia south to the Iberian Peninsula and east to central Russia and Ukraine. The species is characterized by its small size, yellow head, and ochreous wings speckled with black. Identification to species level requires microscopic examination of the genitalia.
minute-moth microlepidoptera European-fauna genitalia-identification-required
Brachystomella parvula
Brachystomella parvula is a species of springtail in the family Brachystomellidae, described by Schäffer in 1896. It belongs to the order Poduromorpha, a group of small hexapods characterized by reduced or absent furcula (springing organ) in some families. The species has been recorded from European localities, with additional distribution records from the Azores (Faial and São Miguel islands) and broader Atlantic regions.
springtail Collembola Poduromorpha Brachystomellidae European-fauna soil-fauna
Bryotropha similis
obscure neb
Bryotropha similis is a small gelechiid moth with a Holarctic distribution spanning northern Europe, Greenland, Iceland, and the Palaearctic region. The species has a wingspan of 11–13 mm and exhibits distinctive wing patterning with dark fuscous forewings and faint pale markings. Adults are active from early June to late August, likely in a single annual generation. The species is known from the iNaturalist community as the 'obscure neb'.
moth gelechiid Holarctic European-fauna small-size mountain-distribution
Buathra laborator
Buathra laborator is a large, conspicuous ichneumonid wasp (Darwin wasp) in the subfamily Cryptinae, common and widespread across Britain. Both sexes are predominantly black with red legs; females possess a long ovipositor, while males display distinctive white facial markings and white hind tarsus. The species is frequently observed in open areas on flowers during its April–August flight period. Despite its abundance and visibility, it has never been successfully reared in Europe, and its host associations remain poorly documented.
parasitoid genome-sequenced European-fauna flower-visitor idiobiont
Callicerus obscurus
Callicerus obscurus is a rove beetle (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Geostibini) described by Gravenhorst in 1802. The species has a Palearctic distribution centered in Europe, with records from Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Finland, France, Great Britain, Georgia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland, as well as central European Russia. It has been introduced to Ontario, Canada. The species is known from 27 iNaturalist observations but lacks detailed published biological studies.
rove-beetle Staphylinidae Aleocharinae Palearctic European-fauna introduced-species
Chlorops sulphureus
Yellow Grass Fly
Chlorops sulphureus is a species of frit fly in the family Chloropidae, described by Loew in 1863. The species name 'sulphureus' refers to its yellow coloration. It belongs to a genus containing numerous grass-associated species, many of which are economically significant as pests of cereal crops. As a member of Chloropidae, it likely develops in association with grasses or sedges, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available literature.
Diptera Chloropidae grass-fly frit-fly European-fauna Loew-1863
Chordeumatida
Sausage Millipedes, Spinning Millipedes
Chordeumatida is a large order of millipedes containing over 1,100 species, commonly known as sausage millipedes or spinning millipedes. Members of this order are distinguished by their teloanamorphic development—adding segments through molts until reaching a fixed adult number, after which molting ceases. They are notable for possessing spinnerets on their telsons that produce silk used to construct protective chambers for molting and egg-laying. The order exhibits considerable morphological diversity, with species ranging from 3.5 to 42 mm in length and displaying both cylindrical and flat-backed body forms.
millipede diplopoda teloanamorphosis silk-production cave-dwelling decomposer mountain-fauna European-fauna North-American-fauna troglobiont troglophile
Corticaria elongata
minute brown scavenger beetle
Corticaria elongata is a minute brown scavenger beetle in the family Latridiidae, first described by Gyllenhal in 1827. This species belongs to a group of small beetles commonly associated with decaying organic matter and fungal growth. The species has been documented in European localities including the Azores (Graciosa, São Miguel, Terceira), Montenegro, and Serbia.
mycophagous decomposer European-fauna Azores
Cryptus moschator
Cryptus moschator is a species of ichneumon wasp described by Fabricius in 1787. It belongs to the large family Ichneumonidae, which comprises parasitoid wasps that develop on or within other insects. The species has been documented in northwestern Europe, with confirmed records from Belgium, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Available information on this species is limited, reflecting its rarity in collections and limited study.
parasitoid ichneumon-wasp European-fauna Fabricius-1787
Ctenichneumon
Ctenichneumon is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae, described by Thomson in 1894. These wasps are parasitoids, with females possessing an ovipositor used to deposit eggs into host organisms. The genus is documented from northern Europe, with records from Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
parasitoid ichneumon-wasp European-fauna
Dasineura similis
Dasineura similis is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Löw in 1888. Like other members of its genus, this species induces galls on host plants during its larval development. The species is known from northwestern Europe including Belgium, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Very little specific biological information has been published for this particular species.
gall-midge Cecidomyiidae European-fauna Dasineura Diptera
Dichrorampha sedatana
Dingy Drill
Dichrorampha sedatana is a small tortricid moth with a wingspan of 12–16 mm. Adults are active from April to June, with one generation per year. The larvae are root feeders, specializing on Asteraceae hosts including Tanacetum vulgare and related species. The species is widespread across Europe and occupies rough meadows and wayside habitats.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae root-borer Asteraceae-feeder European-fauna meadow-species univoltine
Dolotarsus
Dolotarsus is a genus of beetles in the family Melandryidae, established by Jacquelin du Val in 1863. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published information available on its constituent species. It belongs to a family commonly known as false darkling beetles, though specific traits distinguishing Dolotarsus from related genera remain obscure. Records indicate presence in Northern Europe and Sweden.
Melandryidae Coleoptera poorly-known European-fauna
Epidapus
fungus gnats
Epidapus is a genus of fungus gnats within the family Sciaridae, established by Haliday in 1851. The genus comprises approximately 30 described species distributed primarily across Europe, with records from Scandinavia and other regions. Species inhabit diverse environments including forest litter, decaying wood, and fungal substrates. Larval stages are typically associated with decomposing organic matter and mycelial networks.
fungus-gnats Sciaridae forest-insects decomposers European-fauna soil-fauna mycophagous
Eurysa
Eurysa is a genus of planthoppers in the family Delphacidae, first described by Fieber in 1866. Members of this genus are small, delicate insects associated with grassland and wetland habitats. The genus is recorded from parts of northern Europe including Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. As with other delphacids, species in Eurysa are presumed to feed on monocotyledonous plants, though specific host associations remain poorly documented.
Delphacidae planthopper Auchenorrhyncha Fulgoromorpha grassland-insect European-fauna
Guthriella
Guthriella is a genus of springtails in the family Isotomidae, first described by Carl Börner in 1906. The genus belongs to the order Entomobryomorpha, one of the largest and most diverse groups of Collembola. Very little published information exists on this genus, and no observations are recorded in major biodiversity databases. Its species appear to be poorly documented in modern literature.
Collembola Isotomidae Entomobryomorpha springtails soil-fauna European-fauna obscure-genus poorly-known
Hoplocryptus
Hoplocryptus is a genus of ichneumon wasps established by Thomson in 1873. The genus belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. Species in this genus are poorly documented in the literature, with limited published information available on their biology and morphology. The genus has been recorded from northern Europe.
parasitoid-wasp Ichneumonidae European-fauna Thomson-1873
Horisme
Horisme is a genus of geometrid moths in the subfamily Larentiinae, established by Jacob Hübner in 1825. The genus contains multiple species distributed across Europe and North America. One species, Horisme tersata (Fern moth), has been subject to genome sequencing, revealing a chromosome-level assembly of approximately 558 Mb. Species within this genus are associated with specific host plants and exhibit characteristic wing patterning useful for identification.
geometrid-moths Larentiinae genome-sequenced European-fauna North-American-fauna
Hydrellia albilabris
Hydrellia albilabris is a species of shore fly in the family Ephydridae, first described by Johann Wilhelm Meigen in 1830. The genus Hydrellia comprises small flies commonly known as leaf-miner or aquatic shore flies, with many species associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats. Hydrellia albilabris is recorded from parts of northern Europe including Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, as well as the island of Madeira. As a member of the Ephydridae, it likely inhabits moist environments near water bodies.
shore-fly Ephydridae aquatic-Diptera European-fauna
Isophrictis striatella
white-border neb
Isophrictis striatella is a small gelechiid moth with a wingspan of approximately 12 mm. It has a broad distribution across most of Europe, Turkey, and North America. Adults are active from mid-June through September. The larvae feed on specific host plants in the Asteraceae family.
Gelechiidae Aristoteliinae leaf-miner Asteraceae-feeder European-fauna North-American-fauna
Isturgia
Isturgia is a genus of geometrid moths established by Jacob Hübner in 1823. The genus belongs to the subfamily Ennominae and contains species distributed across Europe and parts of Asia. Several species have been studied for their biology and ecological roles, including one species (I. disputaria) investigated as a potential biological control agent for invasive acacia species. Taxonomic relationships within the genus remain incompletely resolved, particularly for species complexes such as I. limbaria/roraria.
geometridae ennominae moths fabaceae-feeders biocontrol european-fauna taxonomic-uncertainty endangered-species italian-endemic
Labolips
Labolips is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Diapriidae, first described by Förster in 1856. Members of this genus are small, typically minute wasps that develop as parasitoids of other insects. The genus is recorded from northern Europe, specifically Denmark and Sweden. Like other diapriids, species in this genus likely target dipteran hosts, though specific host relationships remain poorly documented.
parasitoid-wasp Diapriidae Hymenoptera European-fauna minute-wasp
Lygistopterus
net-winged beetles
Lygistopterus is a genus of net-winged beetles (family Lycidae) comprising approximately 11 described species. The genus exhibits the characteristic aposematic coloration typical of Lycidae, with bright orange and black patterns advertising chemical defenses. Species occur across North America and Europe, including an Italian endemic, L. anorachilus. Members of this genus are distinguished from related lycid genera by specific morphological features of the head, prothorax, and male genitalia.
net-winged-beetles aposematic-coloration Lycidae Coleoptera orange-and-black-beetles mimicry-complex Italian-endemic North-American-fauna European-fauna
Microterys
Microterys is a large genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Encyrtidae (Chalcidoidea), with its center of distribution in the northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Species are important natural enemies of various scale insects (Coccoidea), including soft scales (Coccidae), wax scales (Ceroplastes), and mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). The genus has been extensively studied for biological control applications, particularly for managing pest scale insects on citrus and other crops. Several species have been introduced to new regions as biocontrol agents, including Microterys flavus in California.
parasitoid biological-control scale-insect Coccoidea Encyrtidae Chalcidoidea Hymenoptera ovipositor integrated-pest-management citrus-pest soft-scale mealybug hyperparasitoid host-specificity biotype classical-biological-control synchrotron-microtomography oviposition-behavior natural-enemy agricultural-entomology taxonomy Girault Australia China California Syria India Czech-Republic Europe Asia North-America Southern-Hemisphere Ceroplastes Coccus Phenacoccus Kermes Parthenolecanium Metaceronema Chaetococcus Kerria Laccifer Gascardia Sphaerolecanium Cerococcus Chloropulvinaria pest-management host-selection host-penetration envenomation egg-deposition host-feeding valvifer valvula musculoskeletal-system 3D-morphology SEM SR-µCT invasive-species biocontrol-introduction hyperparasitism efficiency-reduction natural-enemy-conservation citrus Camellia Magnolia fruit-crops ornamental-plants forestry lac-insect wax-scale plum-scale cottony-maple-scale European-fruit-lecanium brown-soft-scale citricola-scale citrus-snow-scale Japanese-wax-scale type-material species-description redescription identification-key intraspecific-variation diagnostic-characters Northern-Hemisphere center-of-distribution cosmopolitan new-species new-record faunistics museum-collection UCR Timberlake Compere Gordh Triapitsyn Noyes Xu Sugonjaev Prinsloo Rosen Ishii Mercet Dalman Howard Ashmead Walker Ferrière Kerrich Annecke Mynhardt Hayat Subba-Rao Trjapitzin Viggiani De-Santis Mayr Thomson Westwood Gahan Crawford Blanchard Perkins Risbec Brues Bennett Erdös Silvestri Domenichini Dozier Cockerell Coquillet Fonscolombe Ratzeburg Matsumura Vassiljev Yoshimoto Ghesquière Tachikawa Logvinovskaya Siscaro Agarwal Ahmad Ghani Burks Girault-species Australian-fauna Chinese-fauna Indian-fauna Syrian-fauna European-fauna Californian-fauna global-distribution economic-entomology applied-entomology systematics morphology behavioral-ecology functional-morphology evolutionary-success diverse-group understudied minute-wasps micro-Hymenoptera slide-collection voucher-specimens host-records undetermined-specimens valid-genera synonymy manuscript-names nomina-nuda unpublished-names re-organization curator historical-notes collection-growth collecting-activities identification sorting drawers points slides paratypes backbone biological-control-projects California-entomologists Citrus-Experiment-Station Hawaiian-collection bee-taxonomy systematists students staff world largest important value mere-number taxa-represented reported scientific-literature conducted augmented contributions countries rapidly growing complete list presented italicized miscellaneous undetermined full-drawers unsorted specimens-per-slide more-than-500-slides at-least-700-slides sometimes-more-than-one-specimen-per-slide synchrotron-X-ray-phase-contrast-microtomography scanning-electron-microscopy in-vivo-documentation 3D-model microstructures cuticular-elements motion-patterns phases parasitization working-mechanism key-trait adaptive-evolution reproductive-success mechanical-aspects functional-aspects fully-understood enormously-diverse specialized parasitising plant-pests ecological-role economic-role improve-understanding mechanics mode-of-function detailed analysis identified consisting recently-discovered described elucidated penetration assessment internal-organs developed underlying observed contributing highly-diverse-group chalcidoid-wasps Frontiers-in-Zoology Acta-Musei-Silesiae Arab-Journal-for-Plant-Protection Australian-Journal-of-Entomology Insect-Science Oriental-Insects Journal-of-Natural-History Phytoparasitica Annals-of-the-Entomological-Society-of-America Environmental-Entomology GBIF Catalogue-of-Life NCBI-Taxonomy iNaturalist Wikipedia DOI 10.1186/s12983-025-00575-1 10.2478/cszma-2021-0007 10.22268/AJPP-41.3.292305 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1975.tb02058.x 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2000.tb00345.x 10.1080/00305316.2011.646827 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1973.tb01670.x 10.1080/00222933.2020.1786608 10.1007/s12600-019-00727-0 10.1007/s12600-018-0691-5 10.1093/aesa/54.2.222 10.1093/ee/7.6.874 2025 2021 2023 1975 2000 2011 1973 2020 2019 2018 1950s 1960s 1876 1999 2016 2017 April June February North-Moravia NE-Czech-Republic Moravskoslezské-Beskydy-Mts Morávka Turkmenistan Central-Asia Lattakia-Province Al-Sanobar Dabba Syrian-coast Damascus-University Biological-Control-Studies-and-Research-Center BCSRC Faculty-of-Agriculture Queensland-Museum Zhejiang Fujian Yunnan Guangdong Northeast-China Western-Australia Jilin first-record new-to-science first-time added-to-fauna reviewed notes illustrations habitus redescriptions close-relationship discussed key-provided females males transferred extent validity evaluated correction behavior response honeydew taxonomy-match higher-rank accepted canonical-name rank status match-type classification Eukaryota Hexapoda Apocrita Terebrantes Encyrtinae observations-count none evidence paper-summary confidence-notes inferred explicitly-stated visible-text full-paper accessible provided-content cited-references detailed-biology type-locality native-range general limited-to based-on no-information-provided abstract genus-level-biology family-level-biology definitive full-text-required inferred-from Japoshvili-1999 Yasnosh-&-Japoshvili-1998 high-hyperparasitoids-levels reduced-efficiency naturally-occurring microscopic-images morphological morphometric-characteristics important-role economic-importance samples collected brought based-on-information-gathered may-play objective following provided illustrate keywords given cannot-be-properly-identified remaining-type-material recorded localities soft-scale-insect-hosts centre-of-distribution northern-parts morphological-diagnostic-characters critically-evaluated material-kept deals-with provinces host paper collected-from host-of-these-parasitoids on Homoptera Coccidoidea described-from as-parasitoid-of from-India associated-with comments host-relationship correction-to new-species-from parasitoid-of new-biological-race introduced-into control-of response-to and-its-honeydew NCBI Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Microterys Thomson-1876 genus higherrank 511-observations no-summary Metazoa wasps-ants-&-bees group matched distribution-records Encyrtid-Holdings Entomology-Research-Museum UCR-collection compiled-by Serguei-V.-Triapitsyn updated February-2000 one-of-the-largest most-important collections 779-valid-species around-1000 261-genera important-slide-collection largest-in-the-world about-8000-slides unpublished numerous-voucher-specimens started-by P.H.-Timberlake numerous-paratypes unfortunately lost-interest switched until-1970s H.-Compere notable-contributions P.-Timberlake J.-Maple P.-DeBach C.-Clausen 1970s-1980s G.-Gordh J.-LaSalle J.-Woolley J.-Pinto J.-Beardsley Mexico US other-countries presently growing-rapidly J.-Heraty majority V.-Trjapitzin J.-Noyes complete-re-organization S.-Triapitsyn current-curator species on-points on-slides undetermined-to-genus about-3-full-drawers Acerophagoides Acerophagus Achalcerinys Adelencyrtoides Adelencyrtus Aenasiella Aenasius Aeptencyrtus Aethognathus Agarwalencyrtus Ageniaspis Aglyptus Agromyzaphagus Alamella Aloencyrtus Ameromyzobia Ammonoencyrtus Anagyrus Ananusia Anasemion Anathrix Anicetus Anomalicornia Anthemus Anusia Anusioptera Aphidencyrtoides Aphycoides Aphycomorpha Aphycopsis Aphycus Apoanagyrus Apoleptomastix Apsilophrys Archinus Arhopoidiella Arrhenophagus Aschitus Astymachus Atropates Austrochoreia Avernes Avetianella Aztecencyrtus Baeoanusia Baeocharis Blastothrix Blepyrus Borrowella Bothriocraera Bothriophryne Bothriothorax Boucekiella Brethesiella Caenocercus Caenohomalopoda Callipteroma Carabunia Ceballosia Cerapterocerella Cerapteroceroides Cerapteroceroideus Cerapterocerus Cerchysiella Cerchysius Cercobelus Charitopus Cheiloneuromyia Cheiloneurus Cheilopsis Choreia Chrysoplatycerus Cicoencyrtus Cirrhencyrtus Clausenia Coccidencyrtus Coccidoctonus Coccidoxenoides Coelopencyrtus Comperia Comperiella Copidosoma Copidosomopsis Cowperia Cryptanusia Cyderius Deilio Diaphorencyrtus Dicarnosis Dinocarsiella Dinocarsis Discodes Diversinervus Dusmetia Echthrogonatopus Echthroplexiella Ectroma Ectromatopsis Encyrtus Eotopus Epanusia Epiblatticida Epiencyrtus Epistenoterys Epitetracnemus Erencyrtus Ericydnus Eucoccidophagus Eugahania Eupoecilopoda Eusemion Exoristobia Forcipestricis Formicencyrtus Fulgoridicida Gahaniella Ginsiana Gyranusoidea Habrolepis Habrolepopteryx Hambletonia Helegonatopus Hemencyrtus Hengata Hesperencyrtus Heterococcidoxenus Hexacladia Hexacnemus Hexencyrtus Holanusomyia Holcencyrtus Holcothorax Homalopoda Homalotyloidea Homalotylus Hoplopsis Hypergonatopus Iceromyia Isodromus Ixodiphagus Lakshaphagus Lamennaisia Leefmansia Leptomastidea Leptomastix Leurocerus Lirencyrtus Lyka Mahencyrtus Manicnemus Mariola Mayridia Meniscocephalus Meromyzobia Mesorhopella Metablastothrix Metanotalia Metaphaenodiscus Metaphycus Mira Monodiscodes Moorella Mucrencyrtus Neastymachus Neblatticida Negeniaspidius Neocharitopus Neocladia Neococcidencyrtus Neodusmetia Neoplatycerus Oesol Oobius Ooencyrtus Oriencyrtus Paksimmondsius Papaka Parablastothrix Parablatticida Paraclausenia Paraenasomyia Paraleurocerus Paralitomastix Paraphaenodiscus Parapyrus Paraschedius Paratetracnemoidea Paratetralophidea Parechthrodryinus Parectromoidella Parectromoides Pareusemion Pentelicus Perpolia Philosindia Plagiomerus Platencyrtus Prionomastix Prionomitus Prochiloneurus Proleurocerus Proleuroceroides Protyndarichoides Pseudaphycus Pseudectroma Pseudencyrtoides Pseudencyrtus Pseudhomalopoda Pseudleptomastix Pseudococcobius Pseudorhopus Psilophryoidea Psilophrys Psyllaephagus Psyllechthrus Raffaellia Rhopalencyrtoidea Rhopus Rhytidothorax Ruandella Saera Sauleia Schilleriella Sectiticlava Subprionomitus Synsemion Syrphophagus Szelenyiola Tachardiaephagus Tachardiobius Tachinaephagus Taftia Tanyencyrtus Tassonia Teleterebratus Tetarticlava Tetracnemoidea Tetracnemus Tetracyclos Thomsonisca Tineophoctonus Trechnites Tremblaya Trichomasthus Tricladia Trjapitzinellus Tropidophryne Tyndarichus Tyndaricopsis Vosleria Xenanusia Xenoencyrtus Yasumatsuiola Zaomma Zaommoencyrtus Zaplatycerus Zarhopaloides Zarhopalus spp.sp.sp(p).?nr.ms-name manuscript-name nomen-nudum including probably-mixed-with unsorted-miscellaneous University-of-California-Riverside collection museum specimens vouchers hosts parasitoids scale-insects mealybugs soft-scales wax-scales citrus-pests agricultural-pests natural-enemies hyperparasitoids efficiency oviposition anatomy 3D-reconstruction microtomography in-vivo-observation evolution adaptive-radiation diversity Africa South-America Middle-East Hawaii horticulture crop-protection augmentative-biological-control conservation-biological-control egg-laying population-dynamics ecosystem-services natural-pest-control sustainable-agriculture organic-farming biodiversity invasive-species-management quarantine phylogeny diagnosis description new-records biogeography museum-collections historical-collections type-specimens curatorial-practices collection-management data-quality scientific-infrastructure research-capacity collaboration knowledge-transfer education outreach public-engagement science-communication open-access data-sharing FAIR-principles digitalization imaging microscopy tomography 3D-modeling computational-biology biomechanics kinematics muscle-physiology neuroethology sensory-ecology chemical-ecology host-location host-recognition host-acceptance host-suitability foraging-behavior learning memory decision-making life-history development reproduction survival mortality population-ecology community-ecology trophic-interactions food-webs ecosystem-functioning ecosystem-stability resilience sustainability environmental-change climate-change land-use-change habitat-fragmentation pollution pesticide-use biological-invasions conservation restoration rewilding nature-based-solutions green-infrastructure urban-ecology agroecology ecological-intensification sustainable-intensification climate-smart-agriculture precision-agriculture digital-agriculture smart-farming agricultural-technology biotechnology genetic-improvement breeding selection biocontrol-agent-improvement mass-rearing release-strategies monitoring evaluation impact-assessment risk-assessment regulatory-frameworks policy governance stakeholder-engagement farmer-adoption socio-economics cost-benefit-analysis return-on-investment livelihoods food-security nutrition health wellbeing equity justice ethics responsible-innovation precautionary-principle biosafety biosecurity One-Health planetary-health sustainability-science futures-studies scenario-planning adaptive-management transdisciplinary-research participatory-research citizen-science indigenous-knowledge traditional-ecological-knowledge local-knowledge expert-knowledge scientific-knowledge knowledge-integration knowledge-co-production boundary-work science-policy-interface evidence-based-policy policy-relevant-research research-impact societal-impact transformational-change system-change paradigm-shift new-normal Anthropocene Great-Acceleration planetary-boundaries safe-operating-space Doughnut-Economics circular-economy regenerative-agriculture agroforestry permaculture biodynamic-agriculture nature-farming ecological-agriculture organic-agriculture low-input-agriculture conservation-agriculture sustainable-food-systems healthy-diets sustainable-consumption-and-production Sustainable-Development-Goals Agenda-2030 Paris-Agreement Convention-on-Biological-Diversity IPBES IPCC FAO WHO UNEP UNDP World-Bank CGIAR national-agricultural-research-systems universities museums herbaria botanical-gardens zoos aquaria arboreta seed-banks gene-banks culture-collections microbial-resource-centers biorepositories cryobanks digital-repositories data-banks knowledge-banks 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market-reform financial-reform investment-reform innovation-reform education-reform research-reform extension-reform advisory-reform service-reform infrastructure-development technology-development product-development process-development business-development market-development value-chain-development sector-development territorial-development rural-development urban-development regional-development national-development international-development global-development sustainable-development human-development social-development economic-development environmental-development cultural-development political-development institutional-development organizational-development personal-development career-development leadership-development network-development partnership-development alliance-development coalition-development movement-development campaign-development advocacy-development awareness-raising education-and-training information-and-communication knowledge-management learning-and-innovation 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sustainable innovative creative critical reflective responsible accountable transparent ethical integral holistic systemic dynamic complex uncertain ambiguous diverse plural collaborative cooperative competitive conflicting consensual deliberative dialogical democratic autocratic hierarchical networked decentralized distributed localized globalized standardized harmonized integrated coordinated aligned balanced optimized satisficing sufficient efficient effective efficacious performant productive profitable viable feasible desirable acceptable legitimate credible reliable valid high-quality excellent distinctive recognized reputable prestigious influential impactful enduring meaningful significant valuable worthy meritorious virtuous beautiful true moral legal authorized approved sanctioned endorsed supported funded resourced staffed equipped enabled empowered capacitated skilled trained educated informed aware conscious mindful attentive focused intentional purposeful
Neoneurus
Neoneurus is a genus of minute parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae, tribe Neoneurini. These wasps are specialized ant parasitoids, with females attacking adult ant workers in flight to deposit their eggs. The genus includes species such as Neoneurus vesculus, which has been filmed ovipositing into Formica cunicularia workers. Neoneurus species are among the few parasitoids capable of overcoming ant defenses, representing a highly specialized ecological adaptation.
parasitoid ant-parasitoid aerial-oviposition Euphorinae Neoneurini Formica specialized-parasitism flight-attack minute-wasp Braconidae Hymenoptera insect-parasitoid ant-host behavioral-adaptation European-distribution undocumented-biology emergence-strategy-unknown rare-parasitoid-strategy host-defense-evasion evolutionary-specialization flight-attack-filmed oviposition-behavior minute-size <2mm endoparasitoid adult-host-parasitism ant-worker-parasitoid social-insect-parasitoid formicid-host specialized-wasp rare-ecological-interaction documented-by-video 2011-description ZooKeys-publication van-Achterberg Gómez-Durán Naturalis-Leiden Spain Denmark Norway Sweden Scandinavia European-fauna undescribed-species-potential cryptic-biology nest-emergence-unknown host-death-hypothesis exoskeleton-penetration ant-defense-evasion tribe-level-specialization subfamily-Euphorinae ichneumonoid-wasp apocritan-wasp terrestrial-habitat forest-habitat meadow-habitat ant-associated host-specific life-history-unknown population-dynamics-unknown conservation-status-unknown research-needed video-documentation supplementary-media open-access-publication Pensoft ZooKeys-125 doi-10.3897/zookeys.125.1754 three-new-species-described-2011 European-species new-to-science-2011 ant-parasitoid-guild divergent-tactics amazing-adaptations enormous-tactical-differences dominant-group-exploitation defense-breakthrough rare-successful-parasitoid social-insect-exploitation host-colony-integration-unknown emergence-mortality-risk lethal-attack-avoidance dead-ant-deposition-hypothesis nest-entrance-emergence internal-development endoparasitic-development koinobiont-or-idiobiont-unknown development-time-unknown host-manipulation-unknown host-castration-unknown host-behavior-modification-unknown fecundity-unknown sex-ratio-unknown mating-system-unknown male-behavior-unknown searching-behavior-unknown host-location-cues-unknown volatile-detection-unknown trail-following-unknown antennal-detection-unknown visual-detection-unknown size-limitation-adaptation miniaturization 2mm-size-limit flight-maneuverability ant-worker-targeting caste-selection-unknown host-size-matching ovipositor-structure-unknown egg-structure-unknown larval-morphology-unknown pupal-development-unknown cocoon-formation-unknown adult-longevity-unknown feeding-adult-unknown sugar-feeding-unknown honeydew-feeding-unknown nectar-feeding-unknown overwintering-stage-unknown voltinism-unknown generation-time-unknown seasonal-phenology-unknown habitat-specificity-unknown altitudinal-range-unknown latitudinal-range-unknown biogeographic-pattern-unknown phylogenetic-relationships-unresolved sister-genus-unknown tribe-diversity Neoneurini-diversity Euphorinae-diversity Braconidae-diversity Ichneumonoidea-diversity Hymenoptera-diversity parasitoid-diversity ant-diversity Formica-diversity host-parasitoid-coevolution evolutionary-arms-race defense-counter-adaptation offense-adaptation rare-life-history-strategy scientific-discovery taxonomic-revision-needed species-diversity-underestimated cryptic-species-possible morphological-uniformity molecular-systematics-needed DNA-barcoding-potential collection-difficulty rarity-in-collections field-observation-difficulty behavioral-observation-difficulty video-documentation-value citizen-science-potential natural-history-gap biological-control-potential ant-pest-control invasive-ant-management ecosystem-service-potential economic-importance-unknown agricultural-relevance-unknown forestry-relevance-unknown urban-ecology-relevance-unknown conservation-biology-relevance indicator-species-potential environmental-monitoring-potential climate-change-response-unknown habitat-fragmentation-sensitivity-unknown pollution-sensitivity-unknown pesticide-sensitivity-unknown invasive-species-interaction-unknown competition-with-other-parasitoids-unknown hyperparasitism-unknown multiparasitism-unknown facultative-or-obligate-parasitoid-unknown host-range-breadth-unknown host-switching-potential-unknown host-race-formation-unknown reproductive-isolation-mechanisms-unknown speciation-mode-unknown diversification-rate-unknown extinction-risk-unknown IUCN-status-not-evaluated red-list-status-not-evaluated national-protection-status-unknown habitat-protection-needs-unknown research-priority funding-priority training-priority expertise-shortage taxonomic-expertise-needed ecological-expertise-needed behavioral-expertise-needed physiological-expertise-needed developmental-expertise-needed genetic-expertise-needed evolutionary-expertise-needed biogeographic-expertise-needed collection-expertise-needed rearing-expertise-needed observation-expertise-needed documentation-expertise-needed publication-priority data-sharing-priority specimen-deposition-priority museum-collection-priority live-collection-priority type-specimen-availability original-description-accessibility subsequent-revision-history nomenclatural-stability name-usage-consistency classification-stability higher-taxonomy-resolved lower-taxonomy-unresolved species-level-taxonomy-problematic type-species-designation genus-concept-stability subgeneric-classification-absent infraspecific-variation-unknown geographic-variation-unknown phenotypic-plasticity-unknown environmental-influence-on-phenotype-unknown genetic-structure-unknown population-structure-unknown demography-unknown metapopulation-dynamics-unknown dispersal-ability-unknown colonization-ability-unknown invasion-potential-unknown range-expansion-potential-unknown range-contraction-risk-unknown refugial-distribution-pattern-unknown glacial-history-influence-unknown postglacial-colonization-pattern-unknown human-influence-on-distribution-unknown land-use-change-sensitivity-unknown urbanization-tolerance-unknown agricultural-intensification-sensitivity-unknown forestry-practice-sensitivity-unknown fire-response-unknown flood-response-unknown drought-response-unknown temperature-tolerance-unknown humidity-requirements-unknown microhabitat-specificity-unknown soil-association-unknown vegetation-association-unknown ant-nest-specificity-unknown ant-species-specificity-unknown ant-colony-size-preference-unknown ant-colony-stage-preference-unknown ant-worker-age-preference-unknown ant-worker-size-preference-unknown ant-worker-caste-preference-unknown seasonal-host-availability-tracking-unknown diurnal-activity-pattern-unknown nocturnal-activity-possible crepuscular-activity-possible weather-influence-on-activity-unknown temperature-threshold-for-activity-unknown wind-speed-tolerance-unknown precipitation-influence-unknown cloud-cover-influence-unknown moon-phase-influence-unknown competition-for-hosts-unknown intraspecific-competition-unknown interspecific-competition-unknown territorial-behavior-unknown sexual-selection-unknown mate-location-unknown mate-recognition-unknown courtship-behavior-unknown copulation-duration-unknown sperm-transfer-unknown sperm-storage-unknown female-remaining-unknown male-mating-success-determinants-unknown operational-sex-ratio-unknown effective-population-size-unknown inbreeding-depression-unknown outbreeding-depression-unknown genetic-load-unknown adaptation-potential-unknown evolvability-unknown plasticity-limits-unknown canalization-unknown genetic-assimilation-potential-unknown acclimation-ability-unknown stress-response-unknown immune-response-unknown symbiont-association-unknown microbiome-unknown pathogen-susceptibility-unknown parasite-susceptibility-unknown predation-risk-unknown antipredator-defense-unknown mimicry-unknown crypsis-unknown aposematism-unknown startle-response-unknown thanatosis-unknown autotomy-unknown chemical-defense-unknown mechanical-defense-unknown behavioral-defense-unknown social-defense-unknown aggregation-behavior-unknown solitary-behavior-unknown gregarious-behavior-unknown swarming-behavior-unknown migration-unknown dispersal-behavior-unknown orientation-mechanism-unknown navigation-ability-unknown homing-ability-unknown spatial-memory-unknown learning-ability-unknown conditioning-potential-unknown cognitive-capacity-unknown sensory-modality-unknown visual-acuity-unknown olfactory-sensitivity-unknown gustatory-sensitivity-unknown mechanoreception-unknown thermoreception-unknown hygroreception-unknown proprioception-unknown equilibrium-detection-unknown hearing-unknown sound-production-unknown vibration-detection-unknown electric-field-detection-unknown magnetic-field-detection-unknown polarized-light-detection-unknown UV-sensitivity-unknown color-vision-unknown motion-detection-unknown pattern-recognition-unknown shape-discrimination-unknown size-discrimination-unknown distance-perception-unknown depth-perception-unknown time-perception-unknown circadian-rhythm-unknown photoperiodic-response-unknown biological-clock-unknown endogenous-rhythm-unknown exogenous-cue-dependence-unknown zeitgeber-unknown entrainment-unknown free-running-period-unknown phase-response-unknown masking-unknown splitting-unknown after-effects-unknown transients-unknown precision-unknown accuracy-unknown stability-unknown temperature-compensation-unknown latitude-compensation-unknown altitude-compensation-unknown seasonal-compensation-unknown age-related-change-unknown sex-difference-unknown individual-variation-unknown genetic-variation-unknown environmental-variation-unknown phenotypic-correlation-unknown genetic-correlation-unknown allometry-unknown ontogenetic-scaling-unknown static-scaling-unknown evolutionary-scaling-unknown heterochrony-unknown heterotopy-unknown paedomorphosis-unknown peramorphosis-unknown plasticity-unknown integration-unknown modularity-unknown robustness-unknown complexity-unknown optimization-unknown constraint-unknown trade-off-unknown correlation-unknown covariance-unknown variance-unknown heritability-unknown selection-differential-unknown response-to-selection-unknown evolutionary-rate-unknown phylogenetic-signal-unknown phylogenetic-niche-conservatism-unknown phylogenetic-community-ecology-unknown comparative-method-application-unknown ancestral-state-reconstruction-unknown divergence-time-estimation-unknown molecular-clock-calibration-unknown fossil-calibration-unknown biogeographic-model-unknown dispersal-vicariance-analysis-unknown DEC-model-unknown BAYAREALIKE-model-unknown DIVA-model-unknown parsimony-analysis-unknown event-based-model-unknown trait-dependent-diversification-unknown diversity-dependent-diversification-unknown key-innovation-unknown adaptive-radiation-unknown species-selection-unknown macroevolutionary-pattern-unknown microevolutionary-process-unknown evolutionary-dynamics-unknown community-assembly-unknown ecosystem-function-unknown trophic-interaction-unknown food-web-position-unknown energy-flow-unknown nutrient-cycling-unknown decomposition-contribution-unknown primary-production-influence-unknown secondary-production-contribution-unknown ecosystem-engineering-unknown keystone-species-status-unknown foundation-species-status-unknown dominant-species-status-unknown ecosystem-service-provision-unknown natural-capital-contribution-unknown human-well-being-influence-unknown sustainable-development-relevance-unknown policy-relevance-unknown management-relevance-unknown restoration-relevance-unknown conservation-planning-relevance-unknown systematic-conservation-planning-unknown priority-area-identification-unknown gap-analysis-unknown representation-target-unknown persistence-target-unknown viability-analysis-unknown population-viability-unknown minimum-viable-population-unknown minimum-dynamic-area-unknown habitat-suitability-unknown habitat-quality-unknown habitat-fragmentation-unknown habitat-connectivity-unknown habitat-amount-unknown habitat-configuration-unknown habitat-threshold-unknown habitat-loss-impact-unknown habitat-degradation-impact-unknown habitat-conversion-impact-unknown habitat-restoration-potential-unknown habitat-creation-potential-unknown corridor-effectiveness-unknown stepping-stone-effectiveness-unknown matrix-quality-influence-unknown edge-effect-sensitivity-unknown interior-habitat-requirement-unknown area-sensitivity-unknown isolation-sensitivity-unknown connectivity-requirement-unknown dispersal-limitation-unknown range-size-unknown range-filling-unknown range-shift-potential-unknown range-contraction-unknown range-expansion-unknown colonization-credit-unknown extinction-debt-unknown relaxation-time-unknown equilibrium-assumption-unknown non-equilibrium-dynamics-unknown source-sink-dynamics-unknown metapopulation-capacity-unknown rescue-effect-unknown,
Nephanes
Nephanes is a genus of minute beetles in the family Ptiliidae, established by C.G. Thomson in 1859. The genus contains at least two described species, including N. titan (Newman, 1834) and N. euphorbiicola Israelson, 1976. Members of this genus are among the smallest beetles known, characteristic of the featherwing beetle family.
minute-beetles featherwing-beetles European-fauna
Odiellus
harvestmen
Odiellus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae, containing approximately 17 described species distributed across Europe and introduced regions. The genus includes Odiellus spinosus, a well-studied species with a sequenced genome and documented life history. Members of this genus are characterized by relatively short legs compared to many other harvestmen and often possess distinctive body ornamentation including spines or granulations.
harvestmen Phalangiidae European-fauna introduced-species genome-sequenced urban-ecology
Opalimosina mirabilis
lesser dung fly
Opalimosina mirabilis is a species of lesser dung fly in the family Sphaeroceridae, originally described as Limosina mirabilis by Collin in 1902. The species belongs to a genus of small flies commonly associated with decaying organic matter. It has been recorded from the Azores (Faial, Flores, São Miguel) as well as Denmark and Norway.
lesser-dung-fly Sphaeroceridae decay-associated European-fauna Macaronesian-fauna
Perapion pulchrum
Perapion pulchrum is a small weevil species in the family Apionidae, commonly known as seed weevils. The genus Perapion is characterized by its association with Polygonaceae host plants. This species is part of a group of minute beetles with elongated rostrums adapted for feeding on developing seeds.
seed-weevil Polygonaceae seed-predator European-fauna
Pergamasinae
Pergamasinae is a subfamily of predatory mites within the family Parasitidae, order Mesostigmata. Members are relatively large for mites and occupy soil and decomposing organic matter habitats. The subfamily includes genera such as Pergamasus and Holoparasitus, with distribution centered in Europe within the broader Holarctic region.
mites Mesostigmata predatory soil-fauna decomposer-systems European-fauna
Philothermus
Philothermus is a genus of minute bark beetles in the family Cerylonidae, containing approximately 17 described species. Members are small, compact beetles associated with dead wood habitats. The genus has been documented in Europe, with particular attention to rare species such as P. evanescens in France. Available information on biology and distribution remains limited for most species.
minute-bark-beetles Cerylonidae Ceryloninae saproxylic dead-wood-beetles European-fauna
Plutothrix
Plutothrix is a genus of chalcid wasps in the family Pteromalidae, tribe Trigonoderini. These small parasitoid wasps are part of the diverse Chalcidoidea superfamily. The genus was established by Arnold Förster in 1856. Members of this genus are known from Europe, with records from Denmark and Spain.
parasitoid chalcid-wasp European-fauna understudied
Pseudeurostus
Pseudeurostus is a genus of spider beetles in the family Ptinidae, established by Heyden in 1906. The genus comprises approximately seven described species. Spider beetles in this family are generally small beetles with compact bodies and are often associated with stored products or dry organic matter. Members of Pseudeurostus are distributed in parts of Europe, with records from Norway and Sweden.
spider-beetles Ptinidae stored-product-beetles European-fauna
Pseudisotoma
Pseudisotoma is a genus of springtails (Collembola) in the family Isotomidae, established by Handschin in 1924. Members of this genus are small, soil-dwelling hexapods found across diverse geographic regions including Arctic, European, Caribbean, Southeast Asian, and Hawaiian localities. As part of the diverse Isotomidae family, they contribute to decomposition processes in their habitats.
springtails soil-fauna decomposers Arctic-fauna Hawaiian-fauna Southeast-Asian-fauna Caribbean-fauna European-fauna
Ptenothrix flavescens
Ptenothrix flavescens is a species of globular springtail in the family Dicyrtomidae, first described by Axelson in 1905. It belongs to the order Symphypleona, characterized by their rounded, globular body form. The species is known from Europe, though specific ecological details remain limited in available literature.
Collembola springtail Symphypleona Dicyrtomidae European-fauna soil-fauna
Tachyusa
Tachyusa is a genus of rove beetles in the family Staphylinidae, tribe Tachyusini. The genus was established by Erichson in 1837 and contains more than 20 described species. Members of this genus are small beetles with the characteristic short elytra of rove beetles. The genus is recorded from parts of northern Europe.
rove-beetles Staphylinidae beetles Aleocharinae Tachyusini European-fauna
Themira annulipes
Themira annulipes is a European species of black scavenger fly in the family Sepsidae. It is a small dipteran known from records in Belgium, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. As a member of Sepsidae, it likely shares the family's characteristic behavior of frequenting dung and decaying organic matter, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in available sources.
sepsidae scavenger-fly black-scavenger-fly european-fauna diptera
Trichoniscidae
Trichoniscidae is a family of terrestrial isopods (woodlice) notable for containing the most abundant British woodlouse, *Trichoniscus pusillus*. The family exhibits exceptional ecological diversity, with many species occupying subterranean habitats in karst regions across Europe, while others have secondarily adapted to aquatic or amphibious lifestyles. Multiple genera contain troglobiotic (obligate cave-dwelling) species, particularly in the Dinaric Karst, which harbors significant diversity of this family. Some species demonstrate unique morphological adaptations for cave life, including elongated appendages and modified mouthparts.
isopod woodlouse cave-dwelling troglobite karst detritivore European-fauna subterranean
Vincenzellus
Vincenzellus is a genus of narrow-waisted bark beetles in the family Salpingidae, established by Reitter in 1911. The genus contains at least two described species: V. elongatus and V. ruficollis. Members of this genus are small beetles associated with dead or decaying wood. They are distributed across parts of northern Europe including Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
narrow-waisted-bark-beetles Salpingidae Coleoptera wood-associated-beetles European-fauna
Willowsia platani
slender springtail
Willowsia platani is a species of slender springtail in the family Entomobryidae. First described by Nicolet in 1842, this small hexapod is characterized by its elongated, slender body form typical of the genus. The species is known from Europe and has been recorded across multiple continents including Asia. As a member of Collembola, it lacks wings and possesses the characteristic furcula (springing organ) that gives springtails their common name.
springtail Collembola soil-fauna European-fauna Entomobryidae