Lygaeoidea
Guides
Artheneidae
Artheneid Bugs
Artheneidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera, containing approximately 7 genera and at least 20 described species. The family was previously classified within Lygaeidae but is now recognized as distinct. It comprises three subfamilies: Artheneinae, Dilompinae, and Nothochrominae. Members are distributed across parts of Europe, with records from Denmark and Sweden.
Blissus barberi
Blissus barberi is a species of chinch bug in the family Blissidae, described by Leonard in 1968. It belongs to a genus containing several economically significant pests of cereal crops and turfgrass. The species is part of a taxonomic group whose members are characterized by piercing-sucking mouthparts and association with grasses. Specific biological and ecological details for B. barberi remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Blissus occiduus
Western Chinch Bug
Blissus occiduus, the western chinch bug, is a phloem-feeding true bug (Hemiptera: Blissidae) that is a significant pest of warm-season turfgrasses, particularly buffalograss and zoysiagrass. The species exhibits strong host preference hierarchies, with buffalograss being the most preferred host followed by zoysiagrass, though it can survive and reproduce on a broad range of grasses including agronomic crops. Field studies have documented inconsistent control with neonicotinoid insecticides, with thiamethoxam showing particularly rapid degradation in buffalograss tissues compared to imidacloprid and clothianidin.
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ere-spherecollective-sphere-sphere-spherecommunity-sphere-sphere-spheresocietal-sphere-sphere-sphereglobal-sphere-sphere-spherelocal-sphere-sphere-spherenational-sphere-sphere-sphereregional-sphere-sphere-spherelandscape-sphere-sphere-sphereseascape-sphere-sphere-spherewaterscape-sphere-sphere-sphereairscape-sphere-sphere-spherebiosphere-sphere-sphere-spherenoosphere-sphere-sphere-spheretechnosphere-sphere-sphere-spheresociosphere-sphere-sphere-sphereecosphere-sphere-sphere-spherehydrosphere-sphere-sphere-sphereatmosphere-sphere-sphere-spherelithosphere-sphere-sphere-spherepedosphere-sphere-sphere-spherecryosphere-sphere-sphere-sphereanthroposphere-sphere-sphere-sphereCordillonotus stellatus
Cordillonotus stellatus is a species of true bug in the family Rhyparochromidae (seed bugs), described by Scudder in 1984. It belongs to the subfamily Rhyparochrominae within the superfamily Lygaeoidea. The species is known from North America, though detailed information about its biology and ecology remains limited.
Cryphula
dirt-colored seed bugs
Cryphula is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs (family Rhyparochromidae) comprising approximately 14 described species distributed in the Americas. The genus was established by Stål in 1874. Species in this genus have been documented in association with decomposing plant material, particularly dead Heliconia inflorescences and leaves.
Cymidae
Cymidae is a family of true bugs within the infraorder Pentatomomorpha. The family comprises approximately 60 described species distributed across 12 genera, organized into two subfamilies: Cyminae and Ontiscinae. Members are classified within the superfamily Lygaeoidea. The family includes two fossil genera: †Cephalocoris and †Procymus.
Cymoninus
Cymoninus is a genus of true bugs in the family Ninidae, established by Breddin in 1907. The genus comprises at least four described species distributed across tropical and subtropical regions. Members of this genus are small, seed-feeding heteropterans within the superfamily Lygaeoidea. The family Ninidae is relatively poorly studied compared to other lygaeoid families.
Cymus nigrofemoralis
Cymus nigrofemoralis is a species of seed bug in the family Cymidae, described by Hamid in 1975. It is one of approximately 30 species in the genus Cymus, which are small, delicate true bugs associated with moist habitats. The species is known from the United States, though detailed biological information remains limited. Cymids are generally found in damp environments where they feed on seeds and plant material.
Ereminellus arizonensis
Ereminellus arizonensis is a species of true bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, first described by Barber in 1932. It belongs to the tribe Myodochini within the subfamily Rhyparochrominae. The species is known from the southwestern United States and Middle America. As a member of the seed bug family Rhyparochromidae, it likely feeds on seeds, though specific dietary habits remain undocumented.
Gampsocorinae
stilt bugs
Gampsocorinae is a subfamily of stilt bugs (family Berytidae) established by Southwood & Leston in 1959. It contains approximately 60 described species distributed across two tribes: Gampsocorini and Hoplinini. Members are characterized by their elongated, slender legs that give the group its common name. The subfamily has been documented in multiple global databases including ITIS, Catalogue of Life, and GBIF.
Geocoridae
Big-eyed bugs
Geocoridae is a family of predatory true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) comprising over 290 described species. Members are commonly known as big-eyed bugs due to their prominent, laterally expanded eyes. The family is classified within the superfamily Lygaeoidea and includes five subfamilies: Australocorinae, Bledionotinae, Geocorinae, Henestarinae, and Pamphantinae. Several species, particularly in the genus Geocoris, are recognized as important biological control agents in agricultural systems.
Hadrosomus teapensis
Hadrosomus teapensis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Distant in 1893. The species is known from both Mexico and the United States, with records extending from the type locality at Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico to southern Florida. As a member of the Lygaeinae subfamily, it belongs to a group of true bugs adapted for seed feeding. The species remains poorly documented in the primary literature, with most records derived from specimen databases and limited field observations.
Heterogastridae
Heterogastridae is a family of seed bugs in the superfamily Lygaeoidea, comprising approximately 20–23 genera and 97–100 species. The group has been variously classified as subfamily, tribe, and subtribe, but is currently recognized at family rank. Members possess a distinctive midgut M4 region with two rows of crypts housing Caballeronia bacterial symbionts, representing a stable and specific mutualistic association. The family forms a basal lineage of Lygaeoidea alongside Pachygronthidae.
Holcocranum
Holcocranum is a genus of true bugs in the family Artheneidae, established by Fieber in 1860. The genus contains at least two described species: Holcocranum diminutum and Holcocranum saturejae. These small lygaeoid bugs are part of the diverse seed bug assemblage within the Pentatomomorpha infraorder. The genus has been documented through 155 observations on iNaturalist, indicating moderate but growing recognition among naturalists.
Mayana ramosus
Mayana ramosus is a species of true bug in the family Oxycarenidae, first described by Barber in 1938. The genus Mayana is a small group within the lygaeoid complex, and this species is one of few documented members. Records indicate occurrence in the United States. Like other Oxycarenidae, it is presumed to be a seed-feeding heteropteran, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Metopoplax
Metopoplax is a genus of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in the family Oxycarenidae, established by Fieber in 1860. The genus contains at least three described species: M. ditomoides, M. fuscinervis, and M. origani. Members of this genus are small heteropterans classified within the superfamily Lygaeoidea.
Oedalocanthus
Oedalocanthus is a genus of stilt bugs in the family Berytidae, established by Henry in 1996. It belongs to the subfamily Gampsocorinae and tribe Hoplinini. Members of this genus are characterized by their elongated, slender body form typical of stilt bugs, with extremely long legs adapted for life on vegetation. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with very few observations recorded.
Oedancala
Oedancala is a genus of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in the family Pachygronthidae, established by Amyot & Serville in 1843. The genus comprises approximately 14 described species distributed in the Americas. Members are classified within the infraorder Pentatomomorpha, superfamily Lygaeoidea. Some species have been documented utilizing grasses as host plants.
Ozophora depicturata
dirt-colored seed bug
Ozophora depicturata is a seed bug species in the family Rhyparochromidae, first described by Barber in 1928. It belongs to the large and diverse group of 'dirt-colored seed bugs' characterized by generally dull, earth-toned coloration. The species is documented from North America, with occurrence records from the United States.
Ozophorini
dirt-colored seed bugs
Ozophorini is a tribe of true bugs within the family Rhyparochromidae, established by Sweet in 1967. The tribe comprises more than 30 genera and approximately 220 described species. Members are classified within the seed bug assemblage of the superfamily Lygaeoidea. The tribe has been subject to taxonomic revision, particularly for genera such as Vertomannus, and biological studies including life cycle documentation for species like Balboa variabilis.
Pachygronthidae
Pachygronthidae is a family of true bugs (Hemiptera) within the infraorder Pentatomomorpha, superfamily Lygaeoidea. The family comprises approximately 14 genera and at least 80 described species, organized into two subfamilies: Pachygronthinae and Teracriinae. Members are seed bugs with documented occurrence across North America, Mexico, and temperate regions of East Asia including Korea, Japan, China, and Russia.
Paurocoris punctata
Paurocoris punctata is a seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, first described by Distant in 1893. The species belongs to the tribe Antillocorini and is known from scattered records in the southern United States and Panama. As a member of the Lygaeoidea superfamily, it likely exhibits the typical seed-feeding habits common to this group, though specific ecological data remain limited. The genus Paurocoris is relatively poorly studied, with most species known from few specimens and limited geographic documentation.
Peritrechus fraternus
dirt-colored seed bug
Peritrechus fraternus is a species of seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, described by Uhler in 1871. It belongs to a group commonly referred to as dirt-colored seed bugs, characterized by their dull, earth-toned coloration. The species occurs across much of North America and extends into Central America. Records indicate presence in Canada, the United States, and Mexico.
Phlegyas annulicrus
Phlegyas annulicrus is a true bug in the family Pachygronthidae, distributed from the southern United States through Mexico to Central America. It inhabits marshy and wetland habitats, feeding on seeds of sedges (Cyperaceae), particularly Cyperus species. The species undergoes five nymphal instars before reaching adulthood.
Piesmatidae
ash-grey leaf bugs, ash-gray leaf bugs
Piesmatidae is a small family of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in the superfamily Lygaeoidea, commonly known as ash-grey leaf bugs. The family contains three extant subfamilies and eleven genera, with over 40 described species. Members are small phytophagous insects, typically 2–4 mm in length, characterized by a distinctive reticulate or dimpled pattern on the head, thorax, and corium of the hemelytra. This dimpled texture represents convergent evolution with the lace bugs (Tingidae) of the infraorder Cimicomorpha. The family has a predominantly temperate Northern Hemisphere distribution, with additional occurrences in Africa, Australia, and South America.
Plinthisus martini
dirt-colored seed bug
Plinthisus martini is a species of seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, described by Van Duzee in 1921. It belongs to a group commonly known as dirt-colored seed bugs, characterized by their generally dull, earth-toned coloration. The species is documented from North America. As a member of the subfamily Plinthisinae, it is part of a lineage of small, ground-dwelling lygaeoid bugs whose biology remains poorly documented in the scientific literature.
Prytanes oblongus
dirt-colored seed bug
Prytanes oblongus is a species of seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, first described by Stål in 1862. It belongs to the dirt-colored seed bug group, characterized by generally dull, earth-toned coloration. The species has a broad distribution spanning the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America. As a member of the Lygaeoidea superfamily, it shares traits with other ground-dwelling seed bugs that feed on plant seeds.
Pseudopamera aurivilliana
Long Brown-washed Seed Bug
Pseudopamera aurivilliana is a species of dirt-colored seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, described by Distant in 1882. It is commonly known as the Long Brown-washed Seed Bug. The species has been documented across parts of North America and Central America.
Slaterobius chisos
Slaterobius chisos is a species of seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, described by Slater & Sweet in 1993. It is known from the Chisos Mountains region of western Texas, a rugged desert mountain range within Big Bend National Park. The species belongs to a genus of ground-dwelling seed bugs associated with arid and semi-arid habitats. Like other members of Rhyparochromidae, it is presumed to feed on seeds, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The species is rarely collected and appears to have a restricted geographic range.
Tempyra
Tempyra is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. The genus was established by Stål in 1874 and contains at least two described species: Tempyra biguttula and Tempyra testacea. These true bugs belong to the superfamily Lygaeoidea and tribe Udeocorini.
Togodolentus
Togodolentus is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae, tribe Drymini. It was established by Barber in 1918. Species in this genus are small, ground-dwelling true bugs with cryptic coloration. The genus is part of the lygaeoid radiation of seed-feeding heteropterans.
Trapezonotus
dirt-colored seed bugs
Trapezonotus is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae, established by Fieber in 1861. The genus comprises approximately 19-20 described species distributed primarily across Europe and parts of Asia. Taxonomic revision has clarified subspecies boundaries in some members, notably Trapezonotus dispar, which is divided into European and Caucasian-Asian Minor subspecies. The genus is part of the diverse lygaeoid assemblage of true bugs.
Wheelerodemus
Wheelerodemus is a genus of true bugs in the family Blissidae, described by Henry and Sweet in 2015. The genus contains at least one described species, Wheelerodemus muhlenbergiae. Members of this genus are associated with grasses in the genus Muhlenbergia.
Zeridoneus
dirt-colored seed bugs
Zeridoneus is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae, established by Barber in 1918. The genus contains three described species: Z. costalis, Z. knulli, and Z. petersoni. These true bugs belong to the tribe Myodochini within the subfamily Rhyparochrominae.