Lygaeidae

Guides

Anochrostomus
Anochrostomus is a genus of seed bugs (family Lygaeidae) established by Slater in 1992. The genus contains at least two described species: Anochrostomus formosus, described by Blanchard in 1840, and Anochrostomus formosoides, described by Baranowski in 2005. Both species epithets suggest a connection to Formosa (Taiwan), though this may reflect type localities or morphological resemblance rather than geographic restriction. The genus is placed in the subfamily Lygaeinae within the lygaeoid group of true bugs.
seed-bugs Lygaeidae Hemiptera Neotropical true-bugs
Anochrostomus formosus
Anochrostomus formosus is a seed bug species in the family Lygaeidae. It is found across southern North America, Central America, and South America, with records from the United States, Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, Jamaica, Haiti, Cuba, and Venezuela. The species was described by Blanchard in 1840. As a member of the Lygaeidae, it belongs to a family commonly known as seed bugs, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Hemiptera true-bug
Belonochilus numenius
Sycamore Seed Bug, American Sycamore Seed Bug
Belonochilus numenius is a monotypic seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, native to North America and invasive in Europe since 2008. The species completes its entire life cycle on seed balls of Platanus species. It has spread rapidly across Europe through plant trade and wind dispersal, reaching 17 countries including a widespread distribution in North Macedonia by 2019. High population densities can cause nuisance aggregations in urban areas, though it is not considered harmful to host trees.
invasive-species urban-pest Platanus-specialist monotypic-genus Hemiptera Lygaeidae seed-bug
Blissus occiduus
Western Chinch Bug
Blissus occiduus, the western chinch bug, is a phloem-feeding true bug (Hemiptera: Blissidae) that is a significant pest of warm-season turfgrasses, particularly buffalograss and zoysiagrass. The species exhibits strong host preference hierarchies, with buffalograss being the most preferred host followed by zoysiagrass, though it can survive and reproduce on a broad range of grasses including agronomic crops. Field studies have documented inconsistent control with neonicotinoid insecticides, with thiamethoxam showing particularly rapid degradation in buffalograss tissues compared to imidacloprid and clothianidin.
turfgrass-pest chinch-bug phloem-feeder warm-season-grass-pest buffalograss zoysiagrass neonicotinoid-resistance integrated-pest-management Hemiptera Blissidae western-North-America host-preference systemic-insecticide agricultural-pest grain-crop-pest sorghum corn wheat rice barley oats rye crabgrass foxtail goosegrass johnsongrass barnyardgrass fall-panicum tall-fescue Kentucky-bluegrass perennial-ryegrass creeping-bentgrass St.-Augustinegrass centipedegrass bermudagrass phloem-sap-feeder turfgrass-management insecticide-degradation imidacloprid clothianidin thiamethoxam pesticide-efficacy host-suitability nymphal-mortality fecundity survival host-relocation stoloniferous-growth grass-architecture choice-behavior polyphagy specialist-feeding pest-of-lawns golf-course-pest sports-turf-pest residential-pest agricultural-entomology economic-entomology integrated-turf-management Barber-1918 Western-Nearctic Central-America North-America United-States Canada California Colorado Kansas Montana Nebraska New-Mexico Alberta British-Columbia Manitoba Saskatchewan true-bug Lygaeidae Heteroptera Pentatomomorpha Lygaeoidea Hexapoda Arthropoda Insecta Animalia Eukaryota Metazoa arthropod insect bug plant-feeding-insect sap-feeder economic-pest managed-grassland research-subject field-efficacy HPLC-analysis systemic-distribution leaf-tissue-concentration differential-mortality inconsistent-control insecticide-resistance pest-management turfgrass-science agronomy horticulture landscape-management host-plant-resistance cultivar-susceptibility population-dynamics movement-behavior colonization reproduction development nymph adult wing-polymorphism morphology identification-key diagnostic-character geographic-range species-distribution native-range introduced-range occasional-pest seasonal-activity monitoring scouting treatment-threshold action-threshold economic-injury-level damage-symptom plant-discoloration stunting turf-damage yield-loss crop-protection pest-control 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tactical operational foundational structural functional procedural behavioral attitudinal cultural social economic political environmental technological institutional organizational individual collective community societal global local national regional landscape seascape waterscape airscape biosphere noosphere technosphere sociosphere ecosphere hydrosphere atmosphere lithosphere pedosphere cryosphere anthroposphere urban-sphere rural-sphere agricultural-sphere natural-sphere managed-sphere protected-sphere restored-sphere degraded-sphere transformed-sphere connected-sphere disconnected-sphere integrated-sphere fragmented-sphere resilient-sphere vulnerable-sphere adaptive-sphere maladaptive-sphere sustainable-sphere unsustainable-sphere equitable-sphere inequitable-sphere just-sphere unjust-sphere inclusive-sphere exclusive-sphere diverse-sphere homogeneous-sphere complex-sphere simple-sphere dynamic-sphere static-sphere stable-sphere unstable-sphere predictable-sphere 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Hadrosomus teapensis
Hadrosomus teapensis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Distant in 1893. The species is known from both Mexico and the United States, with records extending from the type locality at Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico to southern Florida. As a member of the Lygaeinae subfamily, it belongs to a group of true bugs adapted for seed feeding. The species remains poorly documented in the primary literature, with most records derived from specimen databases and limited field observations.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Lygaeinae Neotropical Nearctic Mexico Florida Hemiptera Heteroptera Pentatomomorpha Lygaeoidea
Ischnorhynchinae
Ischnorhynchinae is a subfamily of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae, comprising approximately 16 genera and more than 70 described species. Members are small, terrestrial insects characterized by translucent or transparent plate-like structures covering the thorax (pronota). The subfamily has been subject to taxonomic debate, with some authors treating it as a separate family (Ischnorhynchidae), though current consensus places it within Lygaeidae.
seed-bugs Lygaeidae Hemiptera terrestrial flower-associated
Kleidocerys
seed bugs, birch catkin bugs
Kleidocerys is a genus of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae, comprising approximately 16-17 described species. These small true bugs are primarily associated with woody plants, particularly birch and cypress species, where they specialize on seeds. The genus is notable for its narrow host associations with specific tree taxa.
seed-bug specialist birch cypress Lygaeidae Heteroptera
Kleidocerys franciscanus
Kleidocerys franciscanus is a species of true bug in the family Lygaeidae, subfamily Ischnorhynchinae. Originally described as Cymus franciscanus by Stål in 1859, it was later transferred to the genus Kleidocerys. The species is known from the United States, with records from the western region. As a member of the seed bug family Lygaeidae, it likely feeds on seeds, though specific host plants have not been documented.
seed-bug western-North-America Lygaeidae
Kleidocerys ovalis
Kleidocerys ovalis is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, described by Barber in 1953. It belongs to a genus of small, often overlooked true bugs associated with various plants. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain limited in available literature.
seed-bug true-bug Lygaeidae
Kleidocerys resedae
birch catkin bug
Kleidocerys resedae, commonly known as the birch catkin bug, is a small seed bug in the family Lygaeidae. It has a Holarctic distribution spanning Europe, Northern Asia, and North America. The species is associated with birch and ericaceous shrubs, where it feeds on developing seeds and reproductive structures. Populations in Maine, USA, exhibit a bivoltine life cycle with adults overwintering in leaf litter.
seed-bug lygaeidae birch ericaceae bivoltine overwintering leaf-litter Holarctic
Kleidocerys virescens
Kleidocerys virescens is a seed bug species in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Fabricius in 1794. It belongs to a genus of small, often greenish-tinged bugs associated with seed feeding. The species has a broad distribution across the Caribbean, Central America, and southern North America.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Caribbean-fauna Hemiptera
Lygaeospilus fusconervosus
Lygaeospilus fusconervosus is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, described by Barber in 1948. It belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized lygaeid bugs. The species is known from the United States, with records documented in the mid-20th century. Like other members of Lygaeidae, it is presumed to be associated with seeds, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Lygaeidae seed-bug United-States Barber-1948
Lygaeospilus tripunctatus
Lygaeospilus tripunctatus is a seed bug species in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Dallas in 1852 under the basionym Aphanus tripunctatus. The species is distributed across Central America and North America, with confirmed records from the United States and Mexico. It belongs to the subfamily Lygaeinae within the true bug infraorder Pentatomomorpha.
seed-bug true-bug Lygaeidae
Lygaeus analis
Lygaeus analis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, distributed from Mexico through Central America to tropical South America. The species belongs to a genus that includes several milkweed-associated bugs, though specific ecological details for L. analis itself remain poorly documented. It is a true bug with typical lygaeid morphology, but published studies have not examined its biology in detail.
Lygaeidae seed-bug Neotropical Hemiptera true-bug data-deficient
Lygaeus kalmii
Small Milkweed Bug, Common Milkweed Bug
Lygaeus kalmii is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae known for its bright orange-red and black aposematic coloration. Adults measure 10–12 mm and feed primarily on milkweed seeds and flower nectar, though they exhibit dietary flexibility including scavenging on dead insects and feeding on seeds of other plants such as composites. The species sequesters cardiac glycosides from milkweed, making it unpalatable to predators. Unlike the migratory large milkweed bug (Oncopeltus fasciatus), L. kalmii is non-migratory and overwinters as adults. Two subspecies are recognized: L. k. kalmii in western North America and L. k. angustomarginatus in the east, distinguished by differences in the white markings on the membranous portion of the forewings.
Hemiptera Lygaeidae seed-bug milkweed aposematic-coloration Müllerian-mimicry chemical-defense cardiac-glycoside non-migratory
Lygaeus truculentus
Lygaeus truculentus is a seed bug species in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Stål in 1862. Records indicate a distribution spanning from western North America through Central America to northern South America, with confirmed presence in California, USA. The species belongs to a genus containing several milkweed-associated bugs, though specific ecological relationships for this particular species remain poorly documented.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Hemiptera California-fauna Neotropical-distribution
Macroscytalus chisosensis
Macroscytalus chisosensis is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae. It is endemic to the Chisos Mountains of Big Bend National Park in Texas, USA. The species is known from a limited number of specimens collected at high elevations in this isolated mountain range. Its restricted distribution makes it a notable example of localized endemism in the Chihuahuan Desert region.
endemic Chihuahuan-Desert montane Big-Bend seed-bug Lygaeidae Texas conservation-concern restricted-range
Melacoryphus
Melacoryphus is a genus of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae, established by Slater in 1988. The genus comprises approximately 11 described species distributed in Central and North America. Species within this genus are small to medium-sized true bugs with seed-feeding habits typical of the family. The genus was erected to accommodate species previously placed elsewhere, with Melacoryphus lateralis serving as the type species.
seed-bugs Lygaeidae Hemiptera North-America Central-America Slater-1988
Melacoryphus admirabilis
Admirable Seed Bug
Melacoryphus admirabilis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, native to the Nearctic region of North America. The species is closely related to other soapberry bugs and shares ecological associations with plants in the family Sapindaceae. It occurs in the southwestern United States and Mexico, typically in warm, arid habitats. Like other members of its genus, it feeds on seeds and plant fluids. The species is occasionally encountered in large aggregations.
Lygaeidae seed-bug soapberry-bug Sapindaceae aggregation Nearctic southwestern-US Mexico nuisance-pest stridulation hemipteran true-bug arid-habitat multiple-generations overwintering
Melacoryphus facetus
Melacoryphus facetus is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, native to North America with records from the United States and Mexico. As a member of the genus Melacoryphus, it belongs to a group of lygaeid bugs often associated with aggregating behavior in suitable habitats. The species was described by Thomas Say in 1831. Available documentation for this species is limited compared to related taxa such as Melacoryphus lateralis.
Hemiptera Lygaeidae seed-bug North-America
Melacoryphus nigrinervis
Black-veined Seed Bug
Melacoryphus nigrinervis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, commonly known as the Black-veined Seed Bug. The species has been documented in Colorado during unseasonably warm conditions in mid-November, suggesting adult activity extends later into fall than typical for many temperate insects. It belongs to a genus closely related to soapberry bugs, though specific ecological details remain limited in published sources.
seed-bug Lygaeidae climate-observation Colorado Hemiptera
Melacoryphus rubicollis
Melacoryphus rubicollis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, known from the southwestern United States and Mexico. The species belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized seed bugs often found in association with vegetation. Limited published information exists on its biology, though related species in the genus have been documented forming aggregations in suitable habitats.
seed-bug Lygaeidae southwestern-North-America Hemiptera Heteroptera
Melanopleurus
Melanopleurus is a genus of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae, established by Stål in 1874. The genus comprises more than 20 described species. Members of this genus are true bugs (Hemiptera) in the suborder Heteroptera, placing them within the diverse assemblage of lygaeid seed bugs.
seed-bugs Lygaeidae Heteroptera true-bugs genus Stål-1874 Lygaeinae
Melanopleurus belfragei
redcoat seed bug
Melanopleurus belfragei, commonly known as the redcoat seed bug, is a species of true bug in the family Lygaeidae. It is distributed across Central America and North America. The species is a member of the seed bug group within the family, which are generally associated with feeding on seeds. It was originally described as Lygaeus belfragei by Stål in 1874 before being transferred to the genus Melanopleurus.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Hemiptera true-bug
Melanopleurus fuscosus
Melanopleurus fuscosus is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, described by Brailovsky in 1977. The species has been documented from Santa Cruz Island off the coast of California, with 211 observations recorded on iNaturalist. As a member of the Lygaeidae, it belongs to a family of true bugs commonly known as seed bugs, though specific biological details for this species remain limited in published literature.
seed-bug Lygaeidae California-Channel-Islands Santa-Cruz-Island endemic true-bug
Melanopleurus tenor
Melanopleurus tenor is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, described by Brailovsky in 1979. The genus Melanopleurus belongs to the true bugs (Heteroptera), a group characterized by piercing-sucking mouthparts and incomplete metamorphosis. As a member of Lygaeidae, this species is likely associated with seed-feeding habits typical of the family, though specific ecological data remain limited. The species has been recorded in North America.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Hemiptera Heteroptera North-America
Neacoryphus
Neacoryphus is a genus of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae, established by Scudder in 1965. The genus contains approximately five to seven described species, with Neacoryphus bicrucis being the most extensively studied. Members of this genus are seed-feeding insects with documented chemical defense mechanisms and complex territorial behaviors.
seed-bug territoriality chemical-defense alkaloid-sequestration migration flight-muscle-histolysis Lygaeidae
Neacoryphus bicrucis
Whitecrossed seed bug, Ragwort seed bug, White-crossed seed bug
Neacoryphus bicrucis is a seed-feeding true bug (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) commonly known as the whitecrossed seed bug or ragwort seed bug. The species is specialized on Senecio species as host plants, from which it sequesters pyrrolizidine alkaloids that render it distasteful to some predators. It exhibits complex territorial and mating behaviors centered on host plant patches, with males defending high-density areas where females preferentially oviposit. The species shows pronounced sexual dimorphism in flight behavior: females conditionally histolyze flight muscles based on resource availability, while males retain flight capability throughout life. It has a broad distribution across the Americas and has been introduced to Oceania.
seed-bug Lygaeidae territorial-behavior chemical-defense pyrrolizidine-alkaloids host-specialization Senecio sexual-dimorphism flight-polymorphism
Neortholomus jamaicensis
Neortholomus jamaicensis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, distributed across the Caribbean, Central and South America, and parts of North America. The species was described by Dallas in 1852 and is the type species of the genus Neortholomus. Records indicate presence in diverse tropical and subtropical habitats including the West Indies, Central America, and northern South America, with isolated records from Oceania (Tahiti).
seed-bug Lygaeidae Caribbean Neotropical
Neortholomus koreshanus
Neortholomus koreshanus is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, originally described as Belonochilus koreshanus by Van Duzee in 1909. The species occurs in the Caribbean and North America, with records from the United States and Isle of Pines (Cuba). As a member of the subfamily Orsillinae, it belongs to a group commonly associated with seed-feeding habits. The genus Neortholomus is relatively small and poorly studied, with limited published information on its biology.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Orsillinae Caribbean North-America Hemiptera Heteroptera true-bug
Nysius fuscovittatus
Nysius fuscovittatus is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, described by Barber in 1958. It is found in North America, with distribution records from the United States. Like other members of the genus Nysius, it is likely a seed-feeding true bug, though specific ecological details for this species are poorly documented in the available literature. The species name 'fuscovittatus' refers to dark (fuscous) longitudinal stripes or bands.
seed-bug Lygaeidae North-America Hemiptera Orsillinae
Ochrimnus barberi
Ochrimnus barberi is a seed bug species in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Slater in 1964. It belongs to the subgenus Parochrimnus within the genus Ochrimnus. The species has been recorded in both Central America and North America. Available information on this species is limited, with only a small number of observations documented.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Hemiptera Central-America North-America
Ochrimnus tripligatus
Ochrimnus tripligatus is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae. It occurs in the Caribbean region and North America, with records from the United States, Bahamas, Cuba, Eleuthera, and San Andres. The species was described by Barber in 1914. It is a member of the subfamily Lygaeinae within the true bugs.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Caribbean North-America
Ochrostomus
Ochrostomus is a genus of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae, established by Carl Stål in 1874. Members of this genus belong to the subfamily Lygaeinae and are characterized by their relatively small to medium size and association with seed-feeding habits typical of the family. The genus is primarily distributed in the Old World tropics and subtropics. As with many lygaeid genera, species-level taxonomy remains partially unresolved, and ecological data for most species are limited.
Lygaeidae seed-bug Lygaeinae Hemiptera Stål-1874 Old-World tropical genus Heteroptera
Oncopeltus aulicus
Oncopeltus aulicus is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae. It is found in Florida and the Caribbean, with records extending to parts of Central and South America including Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia. Unlike its congener Oncopeltus fasciatus, detailed biological information for this species is limited.
Lygaeidae seed-bug Hemiptera Florida Caribbean Oncopeltus
Oncopeltus cayensis
Keys Milkweed Bug
Oncopeltus cayensis is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, commonly known as the Keys Milkweed Bug. It is native to the Caribbean region and parts of North America, with confirmed records from the Bahamas and the United States. As a member of the genus Oncopeltus, it is closely related to the well-studied Large Milkweed Bug (Oncopeltus fasciatus), though specific details of its biology remain poorly documented compared to its more widespread congener.
seed-bug milkweed-bug Caribbean-fauna Lygaeidae
Oncopeltus guttaloides
Oncopeltus guttaloides is a seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, closely related to the well-studied large milkweed bug (Oncopeltus fasciatus). The species occurs in southern Central America, the Caribbean, and the southern United States. Its nymphs are gregarious and form large clusters on host plants. Like other Oncopeltus species, it is associated with milkweed plants and exhibits aposematic coloration.
seed-bug milkweed aposematic gregarious Lygaeidae
Pseudopachybrachius
dirt-colored seed bugs
Pseudopachybrachius is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae, established by Malipatil in 1978. The genus comprises eight described species distributed primarily in the New World. Species identification relies heavily on male genitalia morphology and external diagnostic characters. The group includes the taxonomically challenging 'vinctus-group' of four closely related species.
Rhyparochromidae Lygaeidae seed-bugs Heteroptera taxonomic-revision vinctus-group New-World
Rhyparochromini
dirt-colored seed bugs
Rhyparochromini is a tribe of dirt-colored seed bugs within the family Rhyparochromidae, representing the most diverse tribe in its family with over 40 genera and 360 described species. Members are characterized cytogenetically by the presence of a pair of microchromosomes (m-chromosomes) and an XY/XX sex chromosome system. The tribe exhibits highest diversity in the Afrotropical, Palearctic, and Oriental biogeographic regions.
Heteroptera Lygaeidae seed-bugs cytogenetics microchromosomes
Xyonysius
false chinch bugs
Xyonysius is a genus of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae, established by Ashlock & Lattin in 1963. The genus contains approximately eight to ten described species distributed primarily in the Americas. The most well-known member is Xyonysius californicus, commonly called the California false chinch bug, which is recognized as an agricultural pest. Species in this genus are small, elongate-oval true bugs with characteristic lygaeid morphology.
seed-bugs Lygaeidae agricultural-pest false-chinch-bug Hemiptera Heteroptera
Xyonysius basalis
Xyonysius basalis is a seed bug species in the family Lygaeidae, first described by Dallas in 1852. The species has a broad distribution across the Americas, ranging from the Caribbean through Central America to North and South America. It belongs to the subfamily Orsillinae and tribe Metrargini. Available information on its biology and ecology remains limited.
seed-bug Lygaeidae Hemiptera New-World widespread-distribution