Brachypterous
Guides
Acentria
watermilfoil moth, water veneer
Acentria is a monotypic moth genus in the family Crambidae containing a single species, Acentria ephemerella. The genus is notable for extreme sexual dimorphism in wing development and for having the only known fully aquatic adult female moths. Most females are flightless with rudimentary wings and spend their entire lives underwater, while males are fully winged and terrestrial. The species is native to Europe and has been introduced to North America.
Agroecotettix
Aridland Scrub Jumpers
Agroecotettix is a genus of medium-sized brachypterous grasshoppers in the subfamily Melanoplinae, containing 19 described species. These short-winged, flight-limited grasshoppers inhabit aridland scrub and desert regions of the southwestern United States and Mexico. The genus was revised in 2024 with the description of 16 new species, revealing previously unrecognized diversity in this cryptic group. Species identification relies primarily on male genitalia morphology.
Agrothereutes abbreviatus
Agrothereutes abbreviatus is a parasitic wasp in the family Ichneumonidae, characterized by sexual dimorphism in wing development. Females are brachypterous with wings reduced to the postscutellum or first abdominal tergite, while males have fully developed wings. The species is active in spring and searches for hosts on the ground and in leaf litter.
Amaurorhinus bewickianus
Amaurorhinus bewickianus is a weevil species in the family Curculionidae, endemic to the Madeira archipelago. It was first described by Wollaston in 1860 and has been recorded from Madeira Island and the nearby Desertas Islands. The species belongs to a small genus of flightless weevils with restricted distributions in the Macaronesian region. Its island endemism and apparent absence from mainland Europe suggest limited dispersal capability.
Anafroptilum
Anafroptilum is a genus of small mayflies in the family Baetidae. The genus was first described from the East Palaearctic and Nearctic regions, with a single species A. kazlauskasi known from the former and eight species from the latter. In 2016, two new species were described from Thailand, marking the first report of the genus from the Oriental Region. Species in this genus are characterized by the absence of hind wings in adults and distinctive larval morphological features.
Areniscythris
Areniscythris is a genus of small moths in the family Scythrididae, established by Powell in 1976. The genus contains two described species: A. brachypteris and A. whitesands, both associated with sandy habitats. The genus name references its association with sand (Latin 'arena' = sand).
Areniscythris brachypteris
Oso Flaco Flightless Moth, sand-dune grasshopper moth
Areniscythris brachypteris is a flightless moth in the family Scythrididae, described by Jerry A. Powell in 1976. It is endemic to coastal sand dunes of California and is notable among Lepidoptera for its reduced wings and inability to fly. The species has been observed in 90 iNaturalist records, suggesting it is documented but not abundant.
Belocephalus
short-winged coneheads
Belocephalus is a genus of short-winged conehead katydids comprising approximately eight described species. Members of this genus are characterized by abbreviated wing development and are endemic to the southeastern United States. The genus was established by Scudder in 1875 and belongs to the tribe Copiphorini within the subfamily Conocephalinae.
Blatta orientalis
Oriental Cockroach, Waterbug
Blatta orientalis is a large, dark-colored cockroach and a significant urban pest. Adult males measure 18–29 mm and females 20–27 mm. Females appear wingless but are brachypterous with non-functional wing pads; males have reduced wings that do not cover the abdomen. The species thrives in dark, damp environments such as basements, crawl spaces, and sewers. It is a major vector for pathogens including E. coli, Staphylococcus, and Salmonella, and proteins from this species can trigger allergic reactions and asthma.
Booneacris
Wingless Mountain Grasshoppers
Booneacris is a genus of spur-throated grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, established by Rehn & Randell in 1962. The genus contains four described species, all characterized by reduced or absent wings. These grasshoppers are restricted to mountainous regions of western North America, with species found at high elevations. The common name "Wingless Mountain Grasshoppers" reflects their most distinctive trait and habitat preference.
Bostaera balli
Bostaera balli is a species of delphacid planthopper in the family Delphacidae, first described by Penner in 1952. It belongs to the genus Bostaera, a group of small planthoppers characterized by their reduced wings and association with grasses and sedges. The species is known from limited records in the southeastern United States.
Calosoma discors
different beautiful black searcher
Calosoma discors is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Carabinae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1857. This species is known from California and Washington, where it inhabits coastal grasslands and oak savannahs in the Sierra Nevada foothills. Adults are brachypterous, meaning they have reduced wings that limit flight capability.
Calosoma haydeni
Hayden's caterpillar hunter
Calosoma haydeni is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, described by Horn in 1870. It belongs to the genus Calosoma, commonly known as caterpillar hunters. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), which limits their flight capability. The species occurs in Mexico and the southern United States, with two recognized subspecies showing distinct geographic distributions.
Calosoma latipenne
broad beautiful black searcher
Calosoma latipenne is a large ground beetle in the family Carabidae, commonly known as the broad beautiful black searcher. It inhabits sandy soils in arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged) and have been observed preying on grasshopper species. The species belongs to a genus renowned for its caterpillar-hunting behavior, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited.
Calosoma luxatum
dislocated beautiful black searcher
Calosoma luxatum, commonly known as the dislocated beautiful black searcher, is a large ground beetle in the family Carabidae. Adults are brachypterous, meaning they have reduced wings and are flightless. The species is distributed across western and central North America, from the Canadian prairies through the western United States. It inhabits open short grass prairies and dry forest clearings, where it hunts as an active predator.
Calosoma moniliatum
collared beautiful black searcher
Calosoma moniliatum, commonly known as the collared beautiful black searcher, is a large predatory ground beetle in the family Carabidae. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged and flightless). The species occurs in western North America, inhabiting short grass prairies and dry forests.
Calosoma monticola
mountain beautiful black searcher
Calosoma monticola is a ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Casey in 1913. It is found in the western United States, where it inhabits sagebrush areas. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged) and have been documented preying on various soil-dwelling insect larvae and other beetles. The species belongs to a genus known for active predation on caterpillars and other soft-bodied insects.
Calosoma subaeneum
coppery beautiful black searcher
Calosoma subaeneum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Carabinae, described by Maximilien Chaudoir in 1869. It belongs to the genus Calosoma, commonly known as caterpillar hunters or searchers, which are large predatory beetles. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), a trait that limits dispersal ability. The species occurs in lowland areas of western North America.
Calosoma wilkesii
Wilkes's beautiful black searcher
Calosoma wilkesii is a flightless ground beetle in the family Carabidae, commonly known as Wilkes's beautiful black searcher. It is one of approximately 120 species in the genus Calosoma, a group known as "caterpillar hunters" for their predatory habits on lepidopteran larvae. The species has been the subject of genomic research due to its brachypterous (short-winged) condition, which represents an evolutionary transition to flightlessness. It occurs in western North America from British Columbia to California.
Carabus chamissonis
Fisher's worm and slug hunter
Carabus chamissonis is a ground beetle species restricted to tundra environments across northern North America. It occupies open, dry tundra habitats with better drainage than those used by the related Carabus truncaticollis. The species exhibits brachyptery (reduced wings) and nocturnal activity patterns. Adults overwinter within their own pupal cavities, an unusual behavior among ground beetles. Disjunct populations occur on isolated mountaintops in New England, far south of the main Arctic range.
Carabus finitimus
Haldeman's worm and slug hunter
Carabus finitimus is a bluish-colored ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It inhabits bottomland forests along rivers in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged) and nocturnal. The common name "Haldeman's worm and slug hunter" reflects its predatory habits.
Carabus forreri
Forrer's worm and slug hunter
Carabus forreri is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, known from dry oak-pine forests in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged) and nocturnal. The species is part of the large genus Carabus, which includes many predatory ground beetles.
Carabus goryi
Gory's worm and slug hunter
Carabus goryi is a North American ground beetle in the family Carabidae, commonly known as Gory's worm and slug hunter. The species inhabits cool, moist forests as well as agricultural settings including orchards and cultivated fields. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), nocturnal, and exhibit gregarious behavior. They are predatory, feeding on soft-bodied insect larvae including those of the spongy moth (Lymantria dispar).
Carabus sylvosus
woodland ground beetle, sylvan worm and slug hunter, silvan worm and slug hunter
Carabus sylvosus, commonly known as the woodland ground beetle or sylvan worm and slug hunter, is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is native to North America, where it inhabits wooded environments including deciduous mixed forests, coniferous forests, and orchards. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged) and nocturnal, preying on Lepidoptera pupae and scarabaeids. The species has been documented in Canada and the United States.
Cosumnoperla hypocrena
Cosumnes Spring Stonefly
Cosumnoperla hypocrena is a species of spring stonefly in the family Perlodidae, described from California in 1987. The genus Cosumnoperla contains species associated with spring-fed habitats. As a member of the subfamily Isoperlinae, it shares characteristics with other western North American perlodids. The specific epithet refers to the type locality near the Cosumnes River.
Cychrus tuberculatus
tuberculate rare snail-eating beetle
Cychrus tuberculatus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Carabinae, commonly known as the tuberculate rare snail-eating beetle. First described by T.W. Harris in 1839, this species is notable for its specialized diet of snails and its brachypterous (short-winged), nocturnal adults. It inhabits coniferous forests, forest clearings, and moraines in western North America, with documented populations in British Columbia, Quebec, California, Oregon, and Washington. The species is considered rare and has specific habitat requirements tied to forested environments.
Cyphomyrmex
fungus-growing ants
Cyphomyrmex is a genus of small, drab-colored fungus-growing ants in the tribe Attini, found primarily in the Neotropics. These ants cultivate fungi in the tribe Leucocoprineae as their primary food source, with most species growing fungal nodules rather than full mycelial gardens. Colonies are typically monogynous and small, rarely exceeding 500 workers. The genus is divided into two species complexes: the strigatus complex (South America only) and the rimosus complex (southern North America to South America). Cyphomyrmex represents a basal lineage among attine ants and serves as sister group to Mycetophylax.
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brachyptera
A small scarab beetle in the genus Diplotaxis, family Scarabaeidae, described by Patricia Vaurie in 1960. The species name 'brachyptera' (short-winged) suggests reduced flight capability. Records indicate presence in arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Like other Diplotaxis species, adults are likely nocturnal and may aggregate on vegetation.
Elachiptera
frit flies
Elachiptera is a genus of small frit flies in the family Chloropidae, subfamily Oscinellinae. The genus contains approximately 81 valid species distributed across North America, Europe, and Asia, with some species extending into the Oriental Region. Several species are known agricultural pests of cereal crops, with larvae feeding internally within stems of wheat and maize. The genus includes both fully winged and wingless (brachypterous) species.
Eucnecosum brachypterum
Eucnecosum brachypterum is a small rove beetle (Staphylinidae: Omaliinae) with a Holarctic distribution, occurring across boreal and temperate regions of North America and Eurasia. The species was originally described in the genus Arpedium and later transferred to Eucnecosum, a generic placement confirmed by taxonomic revision. It is one of three holarctic Eucnecosum species recognized in North America. The species name refers to its short-winged (brachypterous) condition.
Eupelmus messene
Eupelmus messene is a tiny parasitoid wasp in the family Eupelmidae. Females are brachypterous (short-winged) and reproduce via thelytoky, producing only daughters. The species is a specialized idiobiont ectoparasitoid of the gall wasp Aulacidea hieracii, attacking both concealed and exposed larvae and pupae of its host. Females possess a remarkably thin, flexible, and mobile ovipositor capable of drilling through hard substrates, including polystyrene Petri dish walls in laboratory observations.
Gymnoscirtetes
Gymnoscirtetes is a genus of small (11–22 mm), slender, flightless grasshoppers endemic to the southeastern North American Coastal Plain. The genus was revised from two to six species based on male genital morphology and geographic data. Species are divided into two groups: the western morsei group (G. morsei, G. rex) and the eastern pusillus group (G. pusillus, G. pageae, G. wadeorum, G. georgiaensis). The genus is characterized by vestigial wings, linear body shape, and brownish-green or bronze coloration with a black lateral stripe.
Hormiinae
Hormiinae is a subfamily of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) comprising approximately 8 species in 4 genera and 2 tribes in Iran, with a cosmopolitan genus Hormius. Members include brachypterous and micropterous species with reduced wings. Some species are parasitoids of lepidopteran pupae.
Hysteropterini
Hysteropterini is a tribe of planthoppers within the family Issidae, subfamily Hysteropterinae. Members of this tribe are characterized by their compact body form and reduced wings, adaptations associated with a ground-dwelling or low-vegetation lifestyle. The tribe was established by Melichar in 1906 and contains multiple genera distributed primarily in the Palearctic region. These insects are part of the diverse fulgoromorph fauna but are less frequently encountered than their more volant relatives.
Leistus ferrugineus
Palearctic rusty basket-throat
Leistus ferrugineus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, native to the Palearctic region and introduced to northeastern North America. It inhabits mixed forests, where it occurs on moist gravelly ground, grassy areas, hedges, and open woodland. Adults are brachypterous, possessing reduced wings that limit flight capability. The species is part of the subfamily Nebriinae, a group of ground beetles often associated with cool, moist habitats.
Litaneutria obscura
obscure ground mantis
Litaneutria obscura is a small ground-dwelling mantid native to the desert southwest of North America. Unlike most mantids that employ ambush predation from vegetation, this species is cursorial, actively running down prey on the ground. It is one of two Litaneutria species in the United States, with a more restricted range than its congener L. minor. The species is currently treated as a synonym of L. ocularis by some taxonomic authorities.
Meconematinae
quiet-calling katydids, quiet crickets
Meconematinae is a subfamily of katydids (Tettigoniidae) commonly known as quiet-calling katydids or quiet crickets. The subfamily has a worldwide distribution with notable gaps in Antarctica and North America. It comprises three tribes: Meconematini (mostly Europe and Asia, with some African representation), Phisidini (pan-tropical), and Phlugidini (pan-tropical). Members are characterized by their ability to produce ultrasonic sound, with some species being miniature and brachypterous.
Melanoliarus forcipatus
Melanoliarus forcipatus is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, first described by Caldwell in 1947. Species in this genus are small to medium-sized fulgoroid insects characterized by their brachypterous (short-winged) condition in females and macropterous (long-winged) condition in males. Cixiidae planthoppers are generally associated with woody or herbaceous host plants, with nymphs often feeding on roots. The specific epithet "forcipatus" refers to a forceps-like structure, likely describing a morphological feature of the male genitalia or other appendage.
Melanoplus huroni
Huron Short-winged Locust, Huron Short-wing Grasshopper
Melanoplus huroni is a North American grasshopper in the spur-throated grasshopper group, first described by Blatchley in 1898. The species is characterized by its short-winged morphology, which distinguishes it from many congeneric species. It belongs to the large genus Melanoplus, which contains over 200 species across North America. The specific epithet refers to Lake Huron, reflecting its original discovery location in the Great Lakes region.
Melanoplus mirus
Weldon short-wing grasshopper
Melanoplus mirus is a species of spur-throated grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is endemic to North America, with confirmed records from North Carolina. The species is characterized by reduced wing development, as indicated by its common name. It was described by Rehn and Hebard in 1916.
Melanoplus oreophilus
Mount Hood Short-wing Grasshopper
Melanoplus oreophilus is a spur-throated grasshopper species endemic to the Mount Hood region of Oregon. The species is characterized by reduced wing development, a trait reflected in its common name. It inhabits high-elevation alpine environments and has a restricted geographic range.
Minitingis
Minitingis is a genus of lace bugs (Tingidae) comprising two described species: M. minusculus (Barbados, 1954) and M. elsae (West Indies, 1968). Originally synonymized with Zetekella by Drake & Ruhoff (1960), it was revalidated by Froeschner (1968) based on distinct morphological characters and zoogeographical separation. The genus is restricted to the West Indies, contrasting with Zetekella's Neotropical mainland distribution (Panama, Brazil, Ecuador). Both species are known only from brachypterous forms.
Nabis rufusculus
Short-winged Nabis
Nabis rufusculus is a species of damsel bug in the family Nabidae, commonly known as the Short-winged Nabis. It is a small predatory true bug found in North American agroecosystems, particularly alfalfa and soybean fields. The species has been studied for its phenology and abundance patterns alongside congeners N. americoferus and N. roseipennis. Like other damsel bugs, it is an economically important predator in agricultural systems.
Nebria appalachia
southern Appalachian gazelle beetle
Nebria appalachia is a flightless ground beetle endemic to the southern Appalachian Mountains. Adults are brachypterous, with reduced wings preventing aerial dispersal. The species occupies a restricted geographic range limited to mid- to upland mixed forests in North Carolina and Tennessee.
Nebria coloradensis
Colorado gazelle beetle
Nebria coloradensis is a flightless ground beetle endemic to the mountainous regions of Colorado. Adults possess reduced wings (brachypterous) and are active nocturnally. The species inhabits wet ground in alpine and subalpine environments.
Nebria diversa
sea beach gazelle beetle
Nebria diversa is a coastal ground beetle endemic to sandy Pacific beaches of western North America. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), restricting dispersal to coastal habitats. The species is nocturnal and occupies a narrow ecological niche beneath driftwood and debris on open sandy shorelines.
Nebria gregaria
gregarious gazelle beetle
Nebria gregaria is a ground beetle in the family Carabidae, commonly known as the gregarious gazelle beetle. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), nocturnal, and carnivorous. The species is restricted to riparian habitats and is found in Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, eastern Russia, and China.
Nebria kincaidi
Kincaid's gazelle beetle
Nebria kincaidi is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, first described by Schwarz in 1900. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), nocturnal, and carnivorous. The species comprises two recognized subspecies with distinct geographic distributions in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska.
Nebria lituyae
Lituya's gazelle beetle
Nebria lituyae, known as Lituya's gazelle beetle, is a ground beetle species in the subfamily Nebriinae. It is endemic to a restricted alpine region spanning Alaska and British Columbia. The species inhabits moist ground on hill summits at high elevations. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), nocturnal, and carnivorous.
Nebria ovipennis
oval gazelle beetle
Nebria ovipennis is a ground beetle endemic to California and Nevada, where it inhabits meadows and snowfield margins in upland and mountainous areas. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), nocturnal, and carnivorous. The species belongs to the subfamily Nebriinae, a group often associated with cool, moist habitats at higher elevations.