Alaska
Guides
Achorotile distincta
Achorotile distincta is a species of planthopper in the family Delphacidae, first described by Scudder in 1963. It belongs to a genus of small, delicate delphacid planthoppers characterized by reduced wing venation and distinctive genitalia structures. The species is known from western and northern regions of North America, with records from Canada extending into Alaska. Like other delphacids, it likely inhabits moist grassland and marsh habitats where host grasses occur.
Aegialites debilis
narrow-waisted bark beetle
Aegialites debilis is a species of narrow-waisted bark beetle in the family Salpingidae, described by Mannerheim in 1853. It is found in North America, with records from Alaska and the contiguous United States. The species belongs to a small genus of beetles characterized by their constricted body form. Very little detailed biological information has been published for this species.
Aeropedellus arcticus
Arctic Grasshopper
Aeropedellus arcticus is a species of grasshopper in the family Acrididae, described by Hebard in 1935. It belongs to the genus Aeropedellus, commonly known as clubhorned grasshoppers due to their distinctive clavate antennae. The species epithet 'arcticus' suggests an association with arctic or high-latitude environments. As a member of the subfamily Gomphocerinae, it is part of a group characterized by slant-faced grasshoppers with specific antennal modifications. The species is known from Alaska and broader North America, though detailed biological studies appear limited compared to its congener A. clavatus.
Aeshna juncea
Common Hawker, Moorland Hawker, Sedge Darner
Aeshna juncea, known as the Common Hawker, Moorland Hawker, or Sedge Darner, is a large hawker dragonfly with a Holarctic distribution spanning the Palearctic from Ireland to Japan and northern North America. It is one of the larger Aeshna species and is strongly associated with acidic bog habitats, particularly in Scotland where it is a prominent bog specialist. The species has a flight period from June to early October. Recent genomic research has revealed that Alaskan populations underwent population bottlenecks during the most recent ice age, and the species has been used as a model for studying genome size variation in Odonata driven by transposons and repetitive elements.
Amara sinuosa
Amara sinuosa is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. The species was originally described as Celia sinuosa by Casey in 1918 before being transferred to the genus Amara. It is recorded from Alaska, Canada, and the United States. Like other members of the genus Amara, it is likely associated with seed-feeding habits, though specific dietary details for this species are not documented.
Amara spuria
Amara spuria is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Lindroth in 1968. It belongs to the large genus Amara, commonly known as sun beetles. The species has been recorded from Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States.
Amerizus spectabilis
spectacular riverbank ground beetle
Amerizus spectabilis is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It occurs along the Pacific coast of North America from Alaska to California. The species is commonly known as the spectacular riverbank ground beetle.
Anaspis sericea
Anaspis sericea is a species of false flower beetle in the family Scraptiidae, first described by Mannerheim in 1843. The species is known from North America, with records from Alaska, United States and British Columbia, Canada. False flower beetles in this family are generally small, inconspicuous beetles often associated with flowers and decaying vegetation.
Aphelia gregalis
Aphelia gregalis is a small tortricid moth described by Razowski in 1981. The species is known from Alaska, representing a northern distribution within the genus Aphelia. Adults have a wingspan of approximately 21 mm. As a member of the tribe Archipini, it belongs to a diverse group of leafroller moths, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Aphelia septentrionalis
Aphelia septentrionalis is a species of tortricid moth described by Obraztsov in 1959. It belongs to the tribe Archipini within the subfamily Tortricinae. The species is known from a single geographic record in Alaska, representing a northern distribution within the genus Aphelia.
Bembidion alaskense
Bembidion alaskense is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, described by Carl Lindroth in 1962. The species has a Holarctic distribution, with records from Alaska and Russia. It belongs to the large genus Bembidion, which comprises numerous small, often riparian-associated beetles. The species name reflects its Alaskan type locality.
Bembidion balli
Bembidion balli is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Lindroth in 1962. The species is known from North America, with records from Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States. As a member of the genus Bembidion, it belongs to a large and diverse group of small carabid beetles commonly found in riparian and moist habitats.
Bembidion convexulum
Bembidion convexulum is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by Hayward in 1897. It is distributed across northern North America, with records from Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States. As a member of the genus Bembidion, it belongs to a large and diverse group of small carabid beetles often associated with riparian and moist habitats. The species has been documented through museum specimens and limited observational records.
Bembidion gratiosum
Bembidion gratiosum is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Casey in 1918. It is found in North America, with records from Alaska, Canada, and the United States. As a member of the genus Bembidion, it belongs to a diverse group of small carabid beetles commonly known as ground beetles.
Bembidion nebraskense
Bembidion nebraskense is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by LeConte in 1863. It is native to North America, with distribution records from Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States. As a member of the large genus Bembidion, it belongs to a group of small, active predators commonly found in diverse terrestrial habitats. The species remains poorly known, with only two observations recorded on iNaturalist.
Bembidion sordidum
Bembidion sordidum is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is distributed across northern North America including Alaska, Canada, and the United States. As a member of the genus Bembidion, it belongs to a large and diverse group of small predatory beetles commonly found in varied terrestrial and riparian habitats.
Bembidion versicolor
Bembidion versicolor is a small ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by Jacquelin du Val in 1851. The species is distributed across northern North America, with records from Alaska, Canada, and the United States. It is also present on Saint Pierre and Miquelon. As a member of the genus Bembidion, it belongs to a large and diverse group of ground beetles commonly found in varied terrestrial habitats.
Bombus neoboreus
Active Bumble Bee
Bombus neoboreus, commonly known as the active bumble bee, is an arctic species of bumblebee described by Sladen in 1919. Its range spans northern Canada and extends westward into Alaska. The species is adapted to cold, high-latitude environments. It is among the less-studied North American bumble bees, with relatively few documented observations.
Byrsopages villosus
Byrsopages villosus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Entiminae, described by Boheman in 1842. The genus Byrsopages belongs to the tribe Byrsopagini, a group of broad-nosed weevils. Distribution records indicate presence in the Holarctic region, specifically Alaska and Kamchatka. Very little detailed biological information is available for this species.
Calodera parviceps
Calodera parviceps is a species of rove beetle (Staphylinidae) in the subfamily Aleocharinae. First described by Casey in 1893, this small beetle is distributed across northern North America including Canada and Alaska. It belongs to the tribe Oxypodini, a group of aleocharine rove beetles. The species epithet "parviceps" (small head) likely refers to a distinguishing morphological feature.
Caurinus
snow scorpionflies
Caurinus is a genus of snow scorpionflies in the family Boreidae, containing two described species: Caurinus dectes from Washington and Oregon, and Caurinus tlagu from Alaska. These tiny, flea-like insects are among the most unusual members of Mecoptera, with a fossil lineage dating back over 145 million years to the Jurassic. They are non-parasitic and feed on leafy liverworts in coastal forest habitats.
Ceratagallia siccifolia alaskana
Ceratagallia siccifolia alaskana is a subspecies of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, tribe Agalliini. It belongs to a genus characterized by distinctive morphological features including enlarged pronotal structures. As a member of the Megophthalminae subfamily, it shares traits with other ceratagalliine leafhoppers that feed on plant vascular tissues. The subspecies epithet 'alaskana' indicates a geographic association with Alaska, distinguishing it from the nominate subspecies C. s. siccifolia.
Cicadula junea
Cicadula junea is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Hamilton in 1972. It belongs to the tribe Cicadulini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The species has been recorded from Alaska and the Canadian Prairie provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Like other members of the genus Cicadula, it is presumed to feed on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts, though specific host plant associations have not been documented.
Cicindela depressula depressula
Dispirited Tiger Beetle
Cicindela depressula depressula is a subspecies of tiger beetle in the family Carabidae, known by the common name Dispirited Tiger Beetle. As a member of the Cicindelinae subfamily, it shares the characteristic traits of tiger beetles: large eyes, long legs, and predatory habits. This subspecies is part of the nominate form of C. depressula.
Cicindela limbata nogahabarensis
Nogahabara Tiger Beetle
Cicindela limbata nogahabarensis is a subspecies of sandy tiger beetle endemic to the Nogahabara Dunes in northwestern Alaska. Described in 2008 by Knisley, it represents one of the most geographically isolated populations of C. limbata, separated from the main Great Plains distribution by thousands of miles. Morphological and mitochondrial DNA analyses support its distinct subspecific status despite superficial resemblance to subspecies nympha. Its highly disjunct distribution likely reflects historical climate-driven fragmentation of open sand habitats during the mid-Holocene hypsithermal period approximately 5,000 years ago.
Clepsis kearfotti
Clepsis kearfotti is a species of tortricid moth described by Obraztsov in 1962. The species is named in honor of William Dunham Kearfott, an American entomologist. It belongs to the leafroller moth family Tortricidae, a large group of small moths whose larvae typically roll or fold leaves for shelter. Documented records are limited to Alaska and Alberta in North America.
Clypastraea obesa
A minute beetle in the family Corylophidae (minute fungus beetles), Clypastraea obesa was described by Casey in 1900. The species is documented from North America with records from British Columbia, Canada and Alaska, United States. Corylophidae are among the smallest beetles, typically associated with fungal substrates.
Copablepharon alaskensis
Copablepharon alaskensis is a noctuid moth described from Alaska in 2004. It belongs to a genus of sand-verbena moths associated with coastal and dune habitats. The species is known from a limited geographic range in northern North America.
Corticaria dentiventris
Corticaria dentiventris is a minute beetle in the family Latridiidae (plaster beetles), described by Poppius in 1903. The species is known from high-latitude regions of the Holarctic, with confirmed records from Yukon Territory, Canada and Alaska, USA. Like other members of Latridiidae, it likely inhabits moist, decaying organic matter. Very few observations exist in public databases.
Coulinus
Coulinus is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae, tribe Athysanini. It was established by Beirne in 1954. The genus is placed within the Athysanina subtribe and is known from a single iNaturalist observation in Alaska. As a member of the Auchenorrhyncha, species in this genus are presumed to be phloem-feeding insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts, though specific biological details remain undocumented in available sources.
Dinychus
Dinychus is a genus of mites in the family Dinychidae, order Mesostigmata. The genus was established by Kramer in 1886. Species have been recorded from northern regions including Canada, Alaska, and Scandinavia. A 1989 description of Dinychus ruseki from Canada noted close morphological similarity to D. micropunctatus from Alaska, suggesting possible ecospecies relationships.
Diplocolenus evansi
Diplocolenus evansi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae. It was described by Ashmead in 1904. The species is placed in the tribe Paralimnini and has been recorded from Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, Colorado, and Chita (Russia). Available records indicate extremely limited documentation, with only two observations reported on iNaturalist.
Diplous aterrimus
Diplous aterrimus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is native to North America, with documented records from Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States. As a member of the subfamily Patrobinae, it belongs to a group of small to medium-sized ground beetles often associated with moist habitats.
Dirksia cinctipes
Dirksia cinctipes is a species of true spider in the family Cybaeidae, described by Nathan Banks in 1896. The species has been documented across northern North America including Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States. Cybaeidae are wandering spiders typically associated with ground-level habitats rather than web-building.
Ditylus gracilis
false blister beetle
Ditylus gracilis is a species of false blister beetle in the family Oedemeridae. It occurs in North America with confirmed records from British Columbia, Canada, and Alaska, United States. The species was described by LeConte in 1854. As a member of Oedemeridae, it belongs to a family commonly known as false blister beetles or false oil beetles, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented in available sources.
Dolurgus pumilus
Dolurgus pumilus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Eichhoff in 1868. It belongs to the genus Dolurgus, a group of bark beetles within the weevil superfamily Curculionoidea. The species has been recorded from northwestern North America, specifically British Columbia in Canada and Alaska in the United States. Very little detailed biological or ecological information is available for this species.
Epuraea ambigua
Epuraea ambigua is a species of sap beetle in the family Nitidulidae. It is native to North America, with records from British Columbia, Canada and Alaska, United States. The species was described by Mannerheim in 1843. As a member of Nitidulidae, it is associated with fermenting plant materials and fungal substrates.
Harpalus cordifer
Harpalus cordifer is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, subfamily Harpalalinae, described by Notman in 1919. It belongs to the large genus Harpalus, one of the most diverse genera of ground beetles in North America. The species is documented from Alaska and northern North America, with records extending into Canada and the contiguous United States. Like other members of the genus, it is a nocturnal ground beetle likely associated with open, disturbed habitats where it preys on small invertebrates and may consume seeds.
Harpalus fulvilabris
Harpalus fulvilabris is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae, described by Carl Gustaf Mannerheim in 1853. It belongs to the genus Harpalus, one of the most diverse genera of Carabidae with over 400 described species. The species is classified within the newly described subgenus Meroharpalus, established with H. fulvilabris as its type species. This subgenus is part of a broader systematic reorganization of the genus Harpalus based on adult morphological characters.
Harpalus opacipennis
Harpalus opacipennis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae, described by Haldeman in 1843. It belongs to the large and diverse genus Harpalus, which contains numerous species of medium-sized ground beetles distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. The species name 'opacipennis' refers to the dull or opaque appearance of the elytra (wing covers). Like other members of Harpalus, this species is likely a generalist predator and scavenger, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Harpalus somnulentus
Harpalus somnulentus is a ground beetle species in the family Carabidae, subfamily Harpalinae. It was first described by Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean in 1829. The species belongs to the large genus Harpalus, which contains numerous ground beetle species distributed across North America and other regions. As a member of the Carabidae family, it is a predatory beetle likely active in terrestrial habitats.
Holoboreaphilus nordenskioldi
Holoboreaphilus nordenskioldi is a species of rove beetle in the family Staphylinidae, subfamily Omaliinae. It has a Holarctic distribution spanning northern regions of North America and Eurasia. The species was described by Mäklin in 1878 and is placed in the tribe Coryphiini. Like other members of this genus, it is associated with northern boreal and arctic-alpine habitats.
Hypogastrura tooliki
toolik snow flea
Hypogastrura tooliki, commonly known as the toolik snow flea, is a species of springtail in the family Hypogastruridae. It belongs to the genus Hypogastrura, which contains species often found active on snow surfaces during winter months. The species was described by Fjellberg in 1985. Like other members of its genus, it possesses cryoprotectant proteins that enable activity in subfreezing conditions.
Ligmargus funebris
Dark Click Beetle
Ligmargus funebris, commonly known as the Dark Click Beetle, is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. This beetle is found in boreal and subarctic regions of North America, including Alaska, western Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Yukon), and potentially extending into northern forested areas. Click beetles are named for their ability to right themselves when flipped on their backs by rapidly flexing their thoracic hinge, producing an audible clicking sound. The genus Ligmargus belongs to the subfamily Dendrometrinae and tribe Athoini.
Macrophya oregona
Macrophya oregona is a sawfly species in the family Tenthredinidae, first described by Cresson in 1880. The species is native to western North America, with records from British Columbia, Canada, and Alaska, United States. As a member of the genus Macrophya, it belongs to a group of sawflies that are typically associated with woody plants. Very little detailed biological information has been published specifically for this species.
Macrosteles claridgei
Macrosteles claridgei is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Kwon & Kwon in 2022. It belongs to the genus Macrosteles, a group of small leafhoppers distributed across multiple continents. The species is currently known from Alaska based on distribution records. As a recently described species, detailed biological information remains limited.
Macrosteles frigidus
A leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described from North America in 2010. Distribution records indicate occurrence across northern regions of the continent including Alaska and Canadian provinces. As a member of genus Macrosteles, it shares the tribe's general association with herbaceous plant habitats.
Macrosteles tesselatus
Macrosteles tesselatus is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Hamilton in 1983. The species belongs to the genus Macrosteles, a group of small, agile insects commonly associated with grasses and herbaceous plants. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to feed on plant phloem. The species has been documented across northern North America including Alaska and multiple Canadian provinces.
Melanoplus islandicus
island short-wing grasshopper, forest locust, island locust
Melanoplus islandicus is a spur-throated grasshopper in the family Acrididae, found in coastal regions of Alaska, Canada, and the Great Lakes area. Populations have declined due to habitat loss and invasive species, prompting conservation concern. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service proposed it for Endangered Species Act listing in 2003, though it remains unlisted.
Nebria gebleri cascadensis
Nebria gebleri cascadensis is a subspecies of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Kavanaugh in 1979. It belongs to the subgenus Catonebria within the genus Nebria. The subspecies is distributed in northwestern North America, including Alaska and parts of Canada and the contiguous United States. Very few observations exist in public databases, suggesting it may be uncommon or underreported.
Nebria gregaria
gregarious gazelle beetle
Nebria gregaria is a ground beetle in the family Carabidae, commonly known as the gregarious gazelle beetle. Adults are brachypterous (short-winged), nocturnal, and carnivorous. The species is restricted to riparian habitats and is found in Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, eastern Russia, and China.
Nebria obliqua
Oblique Mountains gazelle beetle
Nebria obliqua is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, first described by LeConte in 1867. It belongs to the subgenus Reductonebria and is one of two recognized subspecies: the nominate N. o. obliqua and N. o. chuskae. The species is distributed across northern North America, including Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States.
Neohypdonus musculus
Neohypdonus musculus is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae. It was described by Eschscholtz in 1822. The species is known from northwestern North America, with confirmed records from British Columbia, Canada and Alaska, United States. As a member of the click beetle family, it possesses the characteristic body plan and clicking mechanism used for righting itself when overturned.
Nephrotoma altissima
Nephrotoma altissima is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It occurs across northern and western North America, ranging from Alaska and northern Canada south to Oregon, Arizona, and New Mexico. As a member of the genus Nephrotoma, it belongs to a group commonly known as tiger crane flies, which are distinguished by patterned wings and bodies.
Opisthius richardsoni
Opisthius richardsoni is a ground beetle in the family Carabidae, native to northern North America. It is frequently mistaken for tiger beetles (Cicindelinae) due to its superficial resemblance, a common identification error among collectors. The species occurs across Alaska, Canada, and the northern United States.
Oreoneta
A genus of dwarf spiders (family Linyphiidae) established in 1894, comprising approximately 30 species distributed across cold-temperate and Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most species inhabit high-latitude or high-altitude environments. The genus was revised extensively by Saaristo & Marusik in 2004, resulting in numerous new species descriptions.
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machaon aliaska
Alaskan Old World Swallowtail
Papilio machaon aliaska is a subspecies of the Old World Swallowtail butterfly found in Alaska. It represents a distinct population that has colonized novel host plants in the Asteraceae family in addition to its ancestral Apiaceae hosts. Studies indicate that larval fitness is highest on the ancestral host plant Cnidium cnidiifolium when reared in controlled environments without predation, though field observations suggest survival advantages on novel hosts when natural enemies are present. The subspecies demonstrates the complex ecological and evolutionary dynamics of host plant relationships in swallowtail butterflies.
Pieris angelika
Arctic White
Pieris angelika, commonly known as the Arctic White, is a cold-adapted butterfly in the family Pieridae. It occurs in subarctic and boreal regions of northwestern North America. The species was described by Eitschberger in 1984, though its taxonomic status may be subject to revision due to potential earlier descriptions. It is one of the few Pieris species specialized for high-latitude environments.
Pityohyphantes subarcticus
Taiga Sheetweb Weaver
Pityohyphantes subarcticus is a species of sheetweb weaver spider in the family Linyphiidae, commonly known as the Taiga Sheetweb Weaver. It occurs in boreal and subarctic regions of western Canada and Alaska. As a member of the genus Pityohyphantes, it constructs characteristic hammock-shaped webs suspended in vegetation. The species was described by Chamberlin and Ivie in 1943.
Polistes dominula
European Paper Wasp
Polistes dominula is a highly successful invasive social wasp native to Eurasia that has established populations across North America, South America, New Zealand, South Africa, and other regions. First detected in North America near Boston in 1978, it has become one of the most abundant wasps on the continent. The species builds small, exposed paper nests in protected locations and preys primarily on live insects, particularly caterpillars. Unlike yellowjackets, it does not scavenge for meat or sugar. Its rapid spread has been attributed to ecological flexibility, superior competitive ability, and tolerance of human-altered environments.
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holmbergi
Prothalpia holmbergi is a species of false darkling beetle in the family Melandryidae. It is distributed across northern North America, with records from Alaska and British Columbia. The species was described by Mannerheim in 1852.
Pseudips concinnus
Pseudips concinnus is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, described by Cognato in 2000. The genus Pseudips belongs to the true weevils, a diverse group of beetles characterized by their distinctive elongated snouts. Very little published information exists regarding the biology, ecology, or specific morphology of this species.
Pterostichus barryorum
woodland ground beetle
Pterostichus barryorum is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Ball in 1962. It is one of many species within the large genus Pterostichus, which comprises numerous woodland-dwelling carabid beetles found across North America. The species is recorded from Alaska, Canada, and the United States.
Pterostichus congestus
woodland ground beetle
Pterostichus congestus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America, particularly in Alaska and the northern United States. Like other members of the genus Pterostichus, it is a ground-dwelling beetle adapted to woodland habitats. The species was described by Ménétriés in 1843.
Pterostichus empetricola
Pterostichus empetricola is a species of woodland ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is distributed across the Holarctic region, with records from Europe, Northern Asia (excluding China), and North America including Alaska, Canada, and the United States. The species is part of the diverse genus Pterostichus, which contains numerous ground beetle species.
Pterostichus kotzebuei
Pterostichus kotzebuei is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It was described by Ball in 1962. The species is found in North America, with records from Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States. Like other members of the genus Pterostichus, it is a woodland ground beetle.
Rhinoncus castor
Rhinoncus castor is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Gyllenhal in 1837. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases and has distribution records from Alaska, United States. As a member of the weevil family, it possesses the characteristic rostrum (snout) typical of Curculionidae, though specific morphological details for this species remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
Sanfilippodytes pacificus
Sanfilippodytes pacificus is a predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. The species was described by Fall in 1923 and is known from western North America, including Alaska and British Columbia. Like other members of Dytiscidae, it is an aquatic predator.
Schizotus fuscicollis
A small beetle in the family Pyrochroidae, known from the Holarctic region with confirmed records from Alaska. The species is placed in the genus Schizotus, which is characterized by soft-bodied adults and larvae typically associated with decaying organic matter. Specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in published literature.
Trichalophus alternatus
Trichalophus alternatus is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Say in 1831. It is a member of the subfamily Entiminae, which comprises the so-called 'true' weevils characterized by their elongated snouts. The species has been documented across western North America from Alaska to Colorado.
Trypophloeus
Trypophloeus is a genus of bark beetles in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Scolytinae, containing approximately 12 species distributed across North America, Europe, and Asia. The genus is primarily associated with Salicaceae hosts, particularly Populus and Salix species. Trypophloeus populi has gained recent attention as the causative agent of sudden aspen decline in North America. Several species are significant forest pests, with T. klimeschi causing extensive damage to shelter forests in northwest China and T. binodulus affecting poplar plantations in Spain.
Vespula infernalis
cuckoo yellowjacket, American cuckoo yellowjacket
Vespula infernalis is an obligate social parasite (inquiline) that invades and usurps colonies of other yellowjacket species, primarily Vespula acadica in North America. Unlike most parasitic wasps, it exhibits intensely aggressive behavior during colony takeover, using specialized morphological adaptations including a large, heavily curved stinger to subdue host workers. The species lacks a worker caste and cannot build nests or rear its own young, instead forcing host workers to feed and care for its brood through dominance behaviors including mauling and forced trophallaxis.
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