Cavity-nesting

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Ashmeadiella bigeloviae
Ashmeadiella bigeloviae is a species of solitary bee in the family Megachilidae. It was first described by Cockerell in 1897 under the name Heriades bigeloviae. The species occurs in Central America and North America. Like other members of its genus, it is a cavity-nesting bee that carries pollen on the underside of its abdomen.
bee solitary-bee Megachilidae cavity-nesting
Centridini
oil-collecting bees, oil bees
Centridini is a tribe of large apid bees distinguished by specialized adaptations for collecting floral oils, often from plants of the family Malpighiaceae. Many species possess modified leg structures—either combs of flattened, blunt bristles or velvety pads—for gathering oils, which are used in nest construction and cell provisioning. The tribe includes ground-nesting and cavity-nesting solitary bees with diverse nesting behaviors across the Americas. Members exhibit notable thermal tolerance, with some desert species remaining active at high temperatures when other bees are inactive.
oil-collecting solitary-bees Malpighiaceae ground-nesting cavity-nesting thermal-tolerance New-World-bees
Cryptocheilus
spider wasps
Cryptocheilus is a genus of spider wasps in the subfamily Pepsinae, occurring primarily in warm regions worldwide. Females construct multicellular nests in pre-existing cavities, provisioning each cell with a paralyzed spider as food for their larvae. The genus includes approximately 24 species in Europe, 6 in North America, and 2 recently described from the Neotropics. Several Australasian species formerly placed here have been transferred to the revived genus Heterodontonyx based on phylogenetic evidence.
spider-wasps Pepsinae cavity-nesting parasitoid predator
Dianthidium curvatum
Curved Pebble Bee
Dianthidium curvatum is a species of solitary bee in the family Megachilidae, commonly known as the Curved Pebble Bee. It is native to North America and belongs to a genus of bees that construct nests using resin and pebbles. Like other members of the genus Dianthidium, it is a cavity-nesting bee that provisions its nests with pollen and nectar. The species has been documented in bee block observations, indicating its use of artificial nesting substrates.
Megachilidae solitary-bee resin-bee cavity-nesting North-America Dianthidium pebble-bee
Euodynerus foraminatus
Potter wasp, Mason wasp
Euodynerus foraminatus is a solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. Females construct multi-celled nests in pre-existing cavities such as holes in wood or abandoned bee burrows, provisioning each cell with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae. The species is notable for having single-locus complementary sex determination, which typically produces sterile diploid males, yet field studies have documented surprisingly high rates of sibling mating in natural populations. It is widespread across North America and readily uses artificial nest structures such as bee blocks.
solitary cavity-nesting predator biological-control pollinator mud-nesting
Heriades leavitti
Leavitt's Armored-Resin bee
Heriades leavitti is a solitary bee species in the family Megachilidae, subgenus Neotrypetes, described by Crawford in 1913. It belongs to a genus of armored-resin bees known for nesting in pre-existing cavities and sealing nest entrances with plant resin. The species is distributed in the Neotropical region and North America, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
Megachilidae Osmiini Neotrypetes solitary-bee resin-bee cavity-nesting
Megachile davidsoni
Megachile davidsoni is a solitary bee species in the family Megachilidae, first described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1902. It belongs to the leafcutter bee genus Megachile, whose members are characterized by cutting leaf pieces to line their nest cavities. The species is known from a restricted geographic range in southwestern California. Like other Megachile species, it is a solitary cavity-nesting bee that carries pollen on the underside of its abdomen rather than on its legs.
leafcutter-bee solitary-bee cavity-nesting endemic California
Osmia
Mason Bees
Osmia is a large genus of solitary bees in the family Megachilidae, commonly known as mason bees. The genus includes approximately 500 species worldwide, with many species native to North America. Mason bees are named for their use of mud or other masonry materials to construct and seal nest cells. They are important pollinators of agricultural crops and native plants, and several species are managed commercially for orchard pollination. Unlike honey bees, mason bees are solitary, do not produce honey, and rarely sting.
solitary-bee mason-bee pollinator native-bee cavity-nesting protandry agricultural-pollinator bee-hotel Megachilidae
Osmia clarescens
Osmia clarescens is a solitary mason bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1911. The species occurs in Central America and North America. Like other members of the genus Osmia, it is a cavity-nesting bee that constructs nests in hollow stems or pre-existing holes, sealing brood chambers with mud. Specific ecological details and distinguishing characteristics remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.
solitary-bee mason-bee Megachilidae cavity-nesting North-America Central-America Cockerell-1911 data-deficient
Osmia texana
Texas Mason Bee, Texas osmia
Osmia texana, commonly known as the Texas mason bee, is a solitary bee species in the family Megachilidae. It is native to Central America and North America. As a member of the genus Osmia, it is a cavity-nesting bee that uses mud to construct and seal its nest cells. Like other mason bees, it is a pollinator of flowering plants, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in available literature.
solitary-bee cavity-nesting pollinator native-bee mason-bee
Osmiini
mason bees, leafcutter bees, resin bees
Osmiini is a tribe of solitary bees within the family Megachilidae, comprising approximately 19 genera and at least 1,000 described species. Members are commonly known as mason bees, leafcutter bees, and resin bees, reflecting their diverse nest construction behaviors. The tribe exhibits considerable diversity in nesting ecology, with species utilizing preexisting cavities in dead wood, hollow stems, rock crevices, empty snail shells, or excavated soil burrows. Nesting materials vary by lineage and include chewed leaves, mud, resin, and combinations with pebbles or sand grains. Pollen foraging strategies range from strict oligolecty on single plant genera or families to broad generalization across numerous plant families.
solitary-bees cavity-nesting pollen-specialization pollinators agricultural Palaearctic Holarctic
Parancistrocerus leionotus
potter wasp, mason wasp
Parancistrocerus leionotus is a species of potter wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Unlike most related species in its genus, it has been documented using small cavities in rocks or concrete as nest sites rather than the more typical hollow twigs or plant stems. The species was described by Viereck in 1906 and is recognized as a valid taxon in major biological databases.
Eumeninae cavity-nesting rock-nesting mason-wasp potter-wasp
Polistes dominula
European Paper Wasp
Polistes dominula is a highly successful invasive social wasp native to Eurasia that has established populations across North America, South America, New Zealand, South Africa, and other regions. First detected in North America near Boston in 1978, it has become one of the most abundant wasps on the continent. The species builds small, exposed paper nests in protected locations and preys primarily on live insects, particularly caterpillars. Unlike yellowjackets, it does not scavenge for meat or sugar. Its rapid spread has been attributed to ecological flexibility, superior competitive ability, and tolerance of human-altered environments.
invasive-species social-wasp paper-wasp predator pollinator urban-ecology eusocial nest-construction biological-control thermal-biology spatial-learning vibrational-communication aposematism honest-signal overwintering diapause Polistes Vespidae Hymenoptera North-America Europe New-Zealand South-Africa South-America monarch-butterfly caterpillar-predation nest-architecture gyne foundress dominance-hierarchy climate-change-impact energetics metabolic-rate microclimate suburban-habitat anthropogenic ornamental-pest vineyard-pest fruit-damage stinging-insect venom poison-gland warning-coloration Zahavian-signal Strepsiptera parasitoid Xenos behavioral-plasticity foraging learning memory thermoregulation ectothermy endothermy solar-radiation nest-temperature brood-development colony-survival multiple-founding single-founding season-length latitude temperate Mediterranean hibernacle overwintering-costs climate-warming range-expansion competition native-species-displacement biodiversity-impact conservation management control integrated-pest-management IPM identification antennae-color facial-markings caste reproduction male female sexual-dimorphism antennae abdomen wing mandible saliva paper comb cell pedicel trophallaxis larva pupa adult worker queen subordinate dominant aggression defense threat-display sting toxicity brightness coloration predator-avoidance prey caterpillar Lepidoptera butterfly moth garden agriculture vineyard orchard urban suburban rural forest habitat-preference temperature metabolism quiescence torpor survival fitness colony nest population abundance distribution range expansion invasion establishment introduction biotic-interaction trophic-cascade herbivory-suppression plant-fitness milkweed Danaus-plexippus monarch Nelson Tasman ecosystem-impact conservation-management biological-invasion ecology behavior physiology morphology taxonomy systematics nomenclature gender-agreement Latin Christ 1791 Vespa-dominula basionym 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Protosmia
Protosmia is a genus of solitary bees in the family Megachilidae, tribe Osmiini, containing over 30 described species. The genus includes several subgenera, notably Chelostomopsis and Nanosmia. Species within the subgenus Chelostomopsis are broad pollen generalists that nest in preexisting cavities in dead wood or pine cones, using pure resin to construct nest partitions. The genus has a primarily Palaearctic distribution with some species extending into the Nearctic region.
solitary-bee resin-nesting polylectic cavity-nesting Palaearctic
Sapyga centrata
Sapyga centrata is a small, solitary wasp in the family Sapygidae, a group of cleptoparasitic wasps that exploit the nests of other solitary bees. The species is characterized by a compact black body with yellow or white markings and a distinctive clubbed antenna. It is native to North America and has been documented across a broad geographic range. As a cleptoparasite, it does not construct its own nest or provision food for its offspring, instead laying eggs in the nests of host bees.
cleptoparasite solitary-wasp bee-parasite cavity-nesting pollinator-associate
Stenodynerus fundatiformis fundatiformis
Stenodynerus fundatiformis fundatiformis is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a solitary, cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larval offspring. The subspecies is difficult to distinguish from similar genera such as Parancistrocerus based on live specimens alone, often requiring microscopic examination for definitive identification.
cavity-nesting solitary-wasp mason-wasp caterpillar-predator bee-block-resident
Stenodynerus fundatiformis gonosceles
Stenodynerus fundatiformis gonosceles is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The genus Stenodynerus contains solitary, cavity-nesting wasps provisioned with paralyzed caterpillars. This subspecies is poorly documented in available sources, with only one observation recorded on iNaturalist. Males of the genus have a distinctive antennal modification: the last antennal segment is folded like a finger against the adjacent segment.
mason-wasp solitary-wasp cavity-nesting Eumeninae Stenodynerus predator caterpillar-hunter bee-block-inhabitant
Stenodynerus krombeini
Stenodynerus krombeini is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a small, cavity-nesting species that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species is difficult to distinguish from the closely related genus Parancistrocerus based on images of live specimens; microscopic examination is typically required for definitive identification. Males have a distinctive antennal structure with the last segment folded against the adjacent segment.
mason-wasp solitary-wasp cavity-nesting caterpillar-predator Eumeninae
Stenodynerus lineatifrons
Stenodynerus lineatifrons is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring. The species was described by Bohart in 1948 and is currently considered a synonym of Rhynchalastor lineatifrons in some taxonomic databases, though it remains listed under Stenodynerus in others. Like other members of its genus, it is difficult to distinguish from the related genus Parancistrocerus based on images of live specimens.
solitary-wasp mason-wasp cavity-nesting caterpillar-predator pollinator
Stenodynerus oculeus
Stenodynerus oculeus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a small, cavity-nesting species that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species is difficult to distinguish from closely related genera such as Parancistrocerus without microscopic examination. Males have been observed foraging on flowers, with the last antennal segment modified into a finger-like structure folded against the adjacent segment.
Eumeninae mason-wasp cavity-nesting caterpillar-predator solitary-wasp bee-block-resident
Stenodynerus percampanulatus
Stenodynerus percampanulatus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The species has been synonymized under Rhynchalastor percampanulatus in some taxonomic treatments. Like other Stenodynerus species, it is a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The genus is morphologically similar to Parancistrocerus, and the two are often difficult to distinguish in field observations.
cavity-nesting mason-wasp predator pollinator solitary-wasp Eumeninae
Temnothorax ambiguus
Doubtful Acorn Ant
Temnothorax ambiguus is an ant species in the subfamily Myrmicinae, commonly known as the Doubtful Acorn Ant. It serves as a host species for the obligatory slave-making ant Protomognathus americanus and exhibits facultative slave-making behavior itself. Laboratory studies demonstrate sophisticated larval recognition capabilities, with workers preferentially accepting nestmate larvae and discriminating between conspecific and allospecific brood. The species has been observed in contexts involving cavity-nesting habits typical of the genus, including nesting in hollow nuts and acorns.
ant acorn-ant slave-making social-parasitism myrmicinae temperate-forest cavity-nesting brood-recognition chemical-ecology North-America
Temnothorax caguatan
Temnothorax caguatan is a species of small myrmicine ant described in 2014 from California, USA. It belongs to a genus of cavity-nesting ants known for nesting in pre-existing cavities such as hollow acorns, twigs, and rock crevices. The species was one of ten new Temnothorax species described from California in a single study, effectively doubling the known species diversity of this genus in the state. Like other members of Temnothorax, it is likely a generalist scavenger with colonies of moderate size.
ant myrmicine cavity-nesting California-endemic Formicidae Temnothorax new-species-2014 acorn-ant small-ant western-North-America
Temnothorax obturator
Temnothorax obturator is a species of small myrmicine ant in the genus Temnothorax, described by Wheeler in 1903. Like other members of this genus, it is a cavity-nesting ant that typically inhabits pre-existing hollow spaces such as acorns, twigs, or rock crevices. The species is part of a diverse genus containing over 350 species worldwide, with approximately 60 species known from North America. Temnothorax ants are frequently studied in behavioral ecology due to their manageable colony sizes and accessible nesting habits.
ants hymenoptera formicidae myrmicinae temnotthorax cavity-nesting north-america
Temnothorax pergandei
Pergande's Acorn Ant
Temnothorax pergandei is a small ant species in the family Formicidae, commonly known as Pergande's Acorn Ant. Like other members of its genus, it is a cavity-nesting species that typically inhabits pre-existing spaces such as hollow acorns, twigs, or other small plant cavities. The species was first described by Emery in 1895 and is part of a diverse genus containing over 350 species worldwide, with approximately 60 species known from North America.
ants hymenoptera formicidae cavity-nesting acorn-ants temnotthorax north-america
Temnothorax quasimodo
Temnothorax quasimodo is a species of ant in the genus Temnothorax, family Formicidae, described in 2014 from California, USA. It was one of ten new Temnothorax species described in a study that doubled the number of species in this genus known from California. The species epithet references the hunchbacked appearance of the type specimen's petiole and postpetiole. Like other Temnothorax species, it is a small cavity-nesting ant that inhabits acorns, twigs, and other pre-existing plant cavities.
ant Formicidae Myrmicinae California cavity-nesting acorn-ant 2014-description North-America
Trypoxylon clavatum johannis
Trypoxylon clavatum johannis is a subspecies of spider-hunting wasp in the family Crabronidae. It belongs to the subgenus Trypargilum, which comprises medium-sized to large species within the genus. Like other members of Trypoxylon, this wasp nests in pre-existing cavities and provisions its cells with paralyzed spiders. The subspecies was described by Richards in 1934 and is distributed in North America, with records from Ontario, Canada.
spider-hunting-wasp cavity-nesting solitary-wasp Crabronidae Trypargilum