Vespidae
Guides
Ancistrocerus adiabatus cytainus
Ancistrocerus adiabatus cytainus is a subspecies of mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. As a member of the genus Ancistrocerus, it shares the characteristic transverse carina (ridge) on the base of the first abdominal segment that distinguishes this genus from other eumenine wasps. The subspecies was described by Cameron in 1906. Like other mason wasps in this genus, it is presumed to be a solitary nester that provisions its offspring with paralyzed caterpillars.
Ancistrocerus albophaleratus
White-banded Potter Wasp
Ancistrocerus albophaleratus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, commonly known as the White-banded Potter Wasp. Like other Ancistrocerus species, it is a cavity-nesting wasp that constructs nests using mud in pre-existing hollows. The species is part of a genus characterized by distinctive morphological traits including a transverse carina on the first abdominal segment. It is native to North America with confirmed records in the northeastern United States.
Ancistrocerus capra
Ancistrocerus capra is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Like other Ancistrocerus species, females construct nests using mud, either in pre-existing cavities or as free-form structures attached to hard surfaces. They provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their developing larvae. The species exhibits the characteristic hooked antennae in males typical of many eumenine wasps.
Ancistrocerus capra spenceri
Ancistrocerus capra spenceri is a subspecies of mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. As a member of the genus Ancistrocerus, it is a solitary wasp that constructs mud nests and provisions them with paralyzed caterpillars for its developing larvae. The specific biology and distribution of this subspecies have not been well documented in available literature.
Ancistrocerus lineativentris
Ancistrocerus lineativentris is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, family Vespidae. It is one of approximately 70 species in the genus Ancistrocerus, which occurs primarily in the Holarctic region. Like other eumenine wasps, it is a solitary nester that provisions its offspring with paralyzed caterpillars. The species was described by Cameron in 1906, but detailed natural history information specific to this species remains limited in published sources.
Ancistrocerus lutonidus
Ancistrocerus lutonidus is a solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1974. As a member of the genus Ancistrocerus, it shares the diagnostic transverse carina on the first abdominal segment that characterizes this group. The species belongs to a genus of primarily solitary wasps that nest in pre-existing cavities or construct free-form mud nests, provisioning cells with paralyzed caterpillars for their developing larvae.
Ancistrocerus spilogaster
Ancistrocerus spilogaster is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Cameron in 1905. As with other members of the genus Ancistrocerus, it exhibits the diagnostic transverse carina on the first abdominal tergum. The species is part of a diverse genus of potter and mason wasps that construct nests using mud and provision cells with paralyzed caterpillars for their developing larvae. Specific biological details for A. spilogaster remain poorly documented in published sources.
Ancistrocerus spinolae
Spinola's Mason Wasp
Ancistrocerus spinolae is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, commonly known as Spinola's Mason Wasp. As a member of the genus Ancistrocerus, it shares the diagnostic transverse carina on the first abdominal segment that characterizes this group. Like other eumenine wasps, it is a solitary nester that provisions its offspring with paralyzed caterpillars. The species was described by de Saussure in 1856 and has been documented through 204 iNaturalist observations.
Ancistrocerus undescribed-b
Ancistrocerus undescribed-b is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. As a member of the genus Ancistrocerus, it possesses the diagnostic transverse carina on the first abdominal segment. The species constructs free-form mud nests attached to hard surfaces, provisioning cells with paralyzed moth caterpillars for larval development.
Delta
potter wasps
Delta is a genus of Old World potter wasps in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. The genus was established by Henri Louis Frédéric de Saussure in 1855. Species are predominantly distributed through tropical Africa and Asia, with some representation in the Palearctic region. A few species have been introduced to the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Delta wasps construct characteristic pot-shaped mud nests and provision them with paralyzed caterpillars for their developing larvae.
Delta higletti rendalli
Delta higletti rendalli is a subspecies of potter wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It was described by Bingham in 1902. Like other members of the genus Delta, it is a solitary wasp that constructs mud nests. The species is part of a diverse group of vespid wasps known for their distinctive nest-building behavior using mud or clay.
Dolichodynerus vandykei
Dolichodynerus vandykei is a species of potter wasp in the family Vespidae, described by Bohart in 1950. It belongs to the genus Dolichodynerus, which is characterized by elongated body proportions. The species epithet honors the entomologist Edwin C. Van Dyke, whose name appears in multiple other insect species. As a member of the Eumeninae subfamily, it is a solitary wasp that constructs nest cells from mud.
Dolichovespula
Aerial Yellowjackets, yellowjackets
Dolichovespula is a genus of social wasps in the family Vespidae, commonly known as aerial yellowjackets. These wasps build exposed paper nests in trees, shrubs, or under building overhangs rather than underground. The genus includes approximately 20 species distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, with notable members including the baldfaced hornet (D. maculata) and the aerial yellowjacket (D. arenaria). Some species, such as D. arctica, are social parasites that lack a worker caste and infiltrate nests of other Dolichovespula species to exploit their workforce.
Dolichovespula albida
Arctic Yellowjacket
Dolichovespula albida, commonly known as the Arctic Yellowjacket, is a social wasp species in the family Vespidae. It is closely related to other Dolichovespula species such as D. arctica and D. arenaria, with which it shares ecological and behavioral traits. The species is primarily associated with northern and high-elevation habitats. Like other members of its genus, it constructs paper nests and exhibits social colony behavior with distinct castes.
Dolichovespula alpicola
Rocky Mountain Aerial Yellowjacket
Dolichovespula alpicola is a social wasp in the family Vespidae, described by Eck in 1984. It is known from high-elevation habitats in western North America, particularly in coniferous forests of the Rocky Mountains. The species belongs to a genus that includes both independent-founding wasps and social parasites, though the specific biology of D. alpicola remains poorly documented compared to its congeners.
Eumenes bollii
Boll's Potter Wasp
Eumenes bollii, commonly known as Boll's Potter Wasp, is a solitary potter wasp in the family Vespidae. The species is named for its distinctive nest construction: females craft small, urn-shaped mud cells resembling miniature pottery. These nests are provisioned with paralyzed caterpillars that serve as food for the developing larva. The wasp is part of the diverse Eumeninae subfamily, which includes many species with similar mud-nesting behaviors.
Eumenes verticalis
Vertical potter wasp
Eumenes verticalis is a solitary potter wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, known for constructing distinctive urn-shaped mud nests. Females build marble-sized clay vessels with fluted necks, provision them with paralyzed caterpillars, and lay a single egg inside before sealing the nest with a mud plug. The larva develops within, feeding on the fresh prey, then pupates and emerges by chewing an exit hole in the side of the pot. Like other solitary wasps, it poses minimal sting risk to humans.
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Euodynerus apopkensis is a mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, family Vespidae. As a member of the genus Euodynerus, it shares the characteristic blocky, angular thorax typical of this group. The species is one of numerous North American Euodynerus, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in published literature. Like other mason wasps, females likely nest in pre-existing cavities and provision cells with paralyzed caterpillars for their larval offspring.
Euodynerus auranus
Euodynerus auranus is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is recognized as a valid species with four described subspecies: E. a. albivestis, E. a. aquilus, E. a. auranus, and E. a. azotopus. As a member of the genus Euodynerus, it shares the characteristic stinging capability and solitary nesting behavior typical of mason wasps.
Euodynerus bidens
Euodynerus bidens is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, characterized by distinctive mandibular morphology with two teeth. The species is part of a widespread North American genus known for nesting in pre-existing cavities and provisioning nests with paralyzed caterpillars. Like congeners, it likely serves as a biological control agent for pest moth larvae.
Euodynerus exoglyphus
Euodynerus exoglyphus is a mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1939. Like other members of the genus Euodynerus, it is a solitary wasp that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring. The species is part of a diverse genus of potter and mason wasps found across North America.
Euodynerus megaera
Euodynerus megaera is a solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. The species was described by Lepeletier in 1841. Like other members of the genus, it is a predatory wasp that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring.
Euodynerus tempiferus
Euodynerus tempiferus is a species of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. As a member of the genus Euodynerus, it shares characteristics with other solitary vespid wasps that provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars for their larval offspring. The species was described by Viereck in 1908. Specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available sources, though it likely exhibits the general nesting behaviors typical of the genus, including use of pre-existing cavities or self-excavated burrows.
Euodynerus undescribed-f
An undescribed species of mason wasp in the genus Euodynerus, family Vespidae. As with other members of this genus, it is a solitary wasp that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring. The specific identity and distinguishing characteristics of this taxon remain undocumented pending formal scientific description.
Euodynerus undescribed-g
Euodynerus undescribed-g is a mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae that has not yet received a formal scientific name. As an undescribed species within the well-studied genus Euodynerus, it shares the characteristic blocky, angular thorax typical of many congeners. The genus Euodynerus contains numerous widespread North American species with diverse nesting habits, including use of pre-existing cavities, mud construction, and soil excavation. This particular undescribed form awaits formal taxonomic description.
Euparagia scutellaris
Euparagia scutellaris is a species of potter wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Masarinae. It is native to the western United States. The species was described by Cresson in 1879 and is currently treated as a synonym of Euparagia maculiceps by some authorities, though both names remain in use. Larvae are known to feed on weevil larvae.
Gastrodynerus vanduzeei
Gastrodynerus vanduzeei is a species of potter wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1948. The genus Gastrodynerus is a small group within the Vespidae, and this species is among the least documented members of the family. Very few observations or collections have been recorded, with iNaturalist showing only four observations total. The specific epithet honors the entomologist Edward P. Van Duzee.
Maricopodynerus optimus
Maricopodynerus optimus is a species of potter wasp (subfamily Eumeninae) described by Bohart in 1988. The genus Maricopodynerus is part of the vespid wasp family and comprises species that construct mud nests. Like other eumenine wasps, this species is solitary and provisions its nests with paralyzed prey for larval development.
Mischocyttarus mexicanus mexicanus
Mexican Paper Wasp
Mischocyttarus mexicanus mexicanus is a subspecies of paper wasp in the family Vespidae. It is one of three Mischocyttarus species occurring in the United States and southwestern Canada, all belonging to the subgenus Phi. The species constructs small, uncovered paper combs similar to those of Polistes wasps. Nests have been observed in exposed situations in Texas, though related subspecies may use cavities. This wasp is a social species with flexible colony founding, where 1–20 females may initiate nests together.
Monobia arizonensis
Monobia arizonensis is a species of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Like other members of the genus Monobia, it is presumed to be a solitary wasp that utilizes pre-existing cavities for nesting. The species is native to the southwestern United States, specifically Arizona. Very little specific information has been published about its biology compared to the better-known congener Monobia quadridens.
Parancistrocerus bicornis
Parancistrocerus bicornis is a small mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Roberts in 1901. Like other members of the genus, it is a solitary, cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species is part of a taxonomically challenging group where live specimens and even microscope examination often cannot reliably distinguish between closely related species such as Parancistrocerus and Stenodynerus.
Parancistrocerus bicornis ceanothi
Parancistrocerus bicornis ceanothi is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It belongs to a genus of small, solitary cavity-nesting wasps that provision their nests with paralyzed caterpillars. The subspecies name "ceanothi" suggests a potential association with Ceanothus host plants, though this relationship requires verification. Like other Parancistrocerus species, it likely nests in pre-existing cavities such as hollow twigs or beetle borings.
Parancistrocerus pedestris
Parancistrocerus pedestris is a small solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. The species was first described by de Saussure in 1856. Like other members of its genus, it is a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larval offspring. The species is part of a taxonomically challenging group where live specimens are often difficult to distinguish from related species without microscopic examination.
Parancistrocerus pensylvanicus
Pennsylvania mason wasp
Parancistrocerus pensylvanicus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a cavity-nesting species that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species has been documented in the northeastern United States, including Vermont. Like other members of its genus, it is difficult to distinguish from closely related species such as Stenodynerus without microscopic examination.
Parancistrocerus rectangulis
Parancistrocerus rectangulis is a small solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Like other members of its genus, it nests in pre-existing cavities such as hollow twigs or beetle borings, provisioning cells with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species was described by Viereck in 1908. Specific natural history details for this species remain poorly documented in published literature, though genus-level traits suggest typical eumenine biology.
Polistes annularis
Ringed Paper Wasp, Jack Spaniard Wasp, Red Paper Wasp
Polistes annularis is a primitively eusocial paper wasp native to the eastern United States, distinguished by its large size and distinctive red-and-black coloration with a prominent yellow ring on the abdomen. The species exhibits complex social behavior including cooperative nest founding by multiple foundresses, dominance hierarchies, and unique overwintering strategies involving honey storage. Nests are constructed in aggregations under overhangs near water bodies, with colonies typically containing 500 or more cells. Unlike many temperate Polistes species, P. annularis shows relatively robust cold tolerance and has been extensively studied as a model organism for social insect behavior and kin recognition.
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Bahamian Paper Wasp
Polistes bahamensis is a large, colorful paper wasp native to the Bahamas, with populations also established in Florida, Louisiana, and coastal areas of the southeastern United States. First described in 1931, this species has undergone extensive taxonomic revision, having been treated as varieties of P. exclamans before being re-elevated to full species status in 1983. It builds characteristic umbrella-shaped paper nests suspended by a stalk, typically under building eaves or palm fronds. The species is notable for its taxonomic complexity, with three originally described color varieties based on geographic distribution within the Bahamas.
Polistes comanchus comanchus
Polistes comanchus comanchus is a subspecies of paper wasp in the genus Polistes. As a member of this widespread genus, it shares the characteristic social colony structure with a single foundress or multiple females cooperating to build paper nests from chewed wood fibers. The subspecies designation indicates geographic variation within the species P. comanchus, though specific distinguishing traits for this subspecies are not well documented in available sources. Like other Polistes, it is predatory on caterpillars and other insects to feed its larvae.
Polistes comanchus navajoe
A subspecies of paper wasp in the genus Polistes. As a member of this widespread genus, it likely shares the characteristic social behavior and nest-building habits of other Polistes wasps, including constructing open, umbrella-shaped paper nests and provisioning larvae with chewed caterpillars. The subspecific epithet 'navajoe' suggests a southwestern North American distribution.
Polistes dominula
European Paper Wasp
Polistes dominula is a highly successful invasive social wasp native to Eurasia that has established populations across North America, South America, New Zealand, South Africa, and other regions. First detected in North America near Boston in 1978, it has become one of the most abundant wasps on the continent. The species builds small, exposed paper nests in protected locations and preys primarily on live insects, particularly caterpillars. Unlike yellowjackets, it does not scavenge for meat or sugar. Its rapid spread has been attributed to ecological flexibility, superior competitive ability, and tolerance of human-altered environments.
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dorsalis dorsalis
Least Paper Wasp
Polistes dorsalis dorsalis is a subspecies of paper wasp commonly known as the Least Paper Wasp. It belongs to the genus Polistes, which comprises social wasps that construct paper nests from chewed plant fibers. This subspecies is part of a group of Polistes species found in the Americas, characterized by relatively small colony sizes compared to yellowjackets and hornets. Paper wasps in this genus are known for their distinctive umbrella-shaped nests with exposed hexagonal cells.
Polistes flavus
Yellow Paper Wasp
Polistes flavus, commonly known as the yellow paper wasp, is a large, conspicuous paper wasp native to the southwestern United States and Mexico. It is strongly associated with the Sonoran Desert, where it occupies the same elevation belt as saguaro cacti. The species builds exposed paper nests from wood fibers mixed with saliva, typically placing them under building eaves or among tree branches. Adults forage for caterpillars and other insects to feed larvae, while consuming nectar and honeydew for their own energy needs. Despite its relative abundance in suitable habitats, detailed natural history information remains limited.
Polistes kaibabensis
Kaibab Paper Wasp
The Kaibab Paper Wasp is a social paper wasp endemic to the southwestern United States, specifically associated with the Kaibab Plateau region of northern Arizona. It builds exposed paper combs suspended from vegetation or structures. Like other Polistes species, it forms small colonies with a flexible dominance hierarchy among females. The species is notable for its restricted geographic range and association with high-elevation habitats in the Colorado Plateau region.
Polistes major
Horse Paper Wasp, avispa de caballo
Polistes major is a Neotropical social paper wasp, one of the largest species in its genus. It ranges from South America north into the southern United States. The species is known locally as 'avispa de caballo' (horse wasp) in the Dominican Republic. Five subspecies are recognized, with variation in coloration from yellow-striped forms to entirely reddish-brown individuals.
Polistes major major
horse's wasp
Polistes major major is a neotropical eusocial paper wasp subspecies most commonly found on Hispaniola Island and within Central America. It is known locally as "avispa de caballo" (horse's wasp) in the Dominican Republic. As a member of the genus Polistes, it is a social wasp that constructs exposed paper nests and lives in colonies with a reproductive hierarchy.
Polistes palmarum
Palm Paper Wasp
Polistes palmarum is a species of paper wasp in the family Vespidae, described by Bequard in 1936. The species is known by the common name "Palm Paper Wasp," reflecting its association with palm habitats. As a member of the genus Polistes, it exhibits the characteristic social behavior and nest-building traits of paper wasps.
Pseudepipona herrichii aldrichi
Pseudepipona herrichii aldrichi is a subspecies of potter wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. It was originally described by Fox in 1892 and has undergone taxonomic revision; the name P. herrichii mongolica Giordani Soika, 1970 was synonymized with this taxon. The subspecies belongs to the P. herrichii-group, characterized by specific morphological features of the propodeum and male mandible.
Pseudomasaris zonalis
Pseudomasaris zonalis is a species of pollen wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Masarinae. Like other members of the genus Pseudomasaris, it is a solitary wasp that provisions its nests with pollen and nectar rather than paralyzed prey. The species was described by Cresson in 1864. Pollen wasps in this genus are known for their specialized oligolectic relationships with certain flowering plants, particularly in the genera Penstemon, Phacelia, and Eriodictyon.
Pterocheilus denticulatus
Pterocheilus denticulatus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, characterized by fossorial nesting behavior in sandy or soft soils. Females excavate burrows using specialized morphological adaptations including a tarsal rake on the front feet and a psammophore—a "beard" of long setae on the palps used to transport excavated soil away from the nest entrance. The species was described by de Saussure in 1855 and belongs to a genus of approximately 40 North American species, most diverse in the southwestern United States.
Pterocheilus diversicolor
Pterocheilus diversicolor is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Rohwer in 1911. Like other members of the genus Pterocheilus, females are fossorial, excavating burrows in soil or sand using specialized tarsal spines and a psammophore (beard-like setae on the mouthparts) to carry excavated material away from the nest entrance. The species belongs to a genus of approximately 40 North American species with greatest diversity in the southwestern United States. Specific biological details for P. diversicolor remain poorly documented compared to better-studied congeners such as P. quinquefasciatus.