Nearctic-fauna
Guides
Aulogymnus
Aulogymnus is a genus of chalcidoid wasps in the family Eulophidae, first described by Förster in 1851. Members of this genus are small parasitoid wasps, part of a diverse family that primarily parasitizes other insects. The genus has been recorded from Europe and Asia. Specific biological details for the genus as a whole remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
parasitoidEulophidaeChalcidoideaHymenopteraPalearcticwaspsinsectsarthropodsentomologytaxonomyFörster-1851DenmarkSpainTibetChinaEuropeAsiaminute-waspschalcid-waspsEulophinaeTerebrantesApocritaHexapodaAnimaliaArthropodaInsectaAulogymnussmall-waspstiny-waspsparasitic-waspsbiological-controlinsect-parasitoidssystematicsmorphologyidentificationkeysNearcticOrientalXizangcitizen-scienceiNaturalistobservationsrecordsdistributionFörster1851genusacceptedvalidsynonymychalcidoidchalcidchalcidseulophideulophidseulophid-waspseulophinesparasitoid-waspsparasitic-Hymenopterabiological-control-agentsinsect-diversitybiodiversityfaunaentomologicalhymenopteranarthropodhexapodhexapodspterygotepterygotesendopterygoteendopterygotesholometabolousholometabolatiny-insectsminute-insectssmall-insectsmicrohymenopteramicro-waspsmicro-parasitoidsmicro-chalcidsmicro-eulophidswing-venationantennaethoraxdiagnostic-characterstaxonomic-keysidentification-keysgeneric-keysNearctic-faunaEuropean-faunaAsian-faunaTibetan-faunaSpanish-faunaDanish-faunapoorly-knowndata-deficientunderstudiedcryptic-diversityhost-unknownbiology-unknownlife-history-unknownecology-unknowndistribution-recordsoccurrence-recordsspecimen-recordsmuseum-recordsdatabase-recordsGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeNCBIWikipediaUniversal-Chalcidoidea-DatabaseKey-to-Nearctic-eulophid-generaliteraturesourcesreferencescitationsbibliographyoriginal-descriptiontype-speciestype-localitynomenclaturesystematic-entomologyhymenopterologychalcidologyparasitologybiological-control-researchintegrated-pest-managementIPMagricultural-entomologyforest-entomologymedical-entomologyveterinary-entomologyurban-entomologyconservation-entomologyinsect-ecologycommunity-ecologypopulation-ecologybehavioral-ecologyevolutionary-ecologyphylogeneticsphylogenymolecular-systematicsDNA-barcodingtaxonomy-and-phylogenyclassificationbiodiversity-informaticsbiogeographyhistorical-biogeographyphylogeographydispersalvicariancespeciationdiversificationevolutionadaptationnatural-selectionsexual-selectionlife-history-evolutionhost-parasitoid-interactionscoevolutiontritrophic-interactionsfood-websecosystem-servicesnatural-enemiesbiocontrolaugmentative-biological-controlclassical-biological-controlconservation-biological-controlinvasive-species-managementpest-managementsustainable-agricultureorganic-farmingagroecologyecosystem-healthenvironmental-monitoringbioindicatorsindicator-speciesclimate-changeglobal-changehabitat-lossfragmentationconservation-statusIUCNred-listnot-evaluatedresearch-needsknowledge-gapsfuture-researchprioritiesspecimen-collectionvoucheringmuseum-collectionsnatural-history-collectionsdigitizationdata-sharingopen-scienceFAIR-principlescitizen-science-contributionscommunity-sciencepublic-engagementscience-communicationeducationoutreachnatural-historyinsect-watchingwasp-watchingnature-observationbiodiversity-appreciationEustala
humpbacked orb-weavers
Eustala is a genus of orb-weaver spiders in the family Araneidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. As of November 2024, the genus contains 87 species distributed primarily across the Americas, from the United States through Central America to South America, with highest diversity in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Several species have been documented exhibiting specialized ecological relationships, including myrmecophily (living among ants) in Central American species that inhabit ant-defended acacia plants. The genus includes the well-known humpbacked orb-weaver, Eustala anastera, found across North and Central America.
Araneidaeorb-weaverspiderhumpbackedmyrmecophilyant-plant-mutualismNeotropicalNearcticEustala-anasteraEustala-oblongaEustala-illicitaweb-buildingpredatoracaciaPseudomyrmexPanamaBrazilGalápagosSimon-1895arachnologyentomologytropical-ecologycommensalismontogenyballooningoverwinteringjuvenilespider-wasp-preyCaliadurgus-hyalinatushost-parasitoid-interactionsthird-party-exploitationmutualism-exploitationcryptic-colorationnocturnal-foragingdiurnal-hiding-behaviorthorn-defenseorb-web-architecturesawtoothed-webpopulation-ecologysubstrate-selectionspatial-distributionspecies-diversityendemic-speciestaxonomic-revisionnomen-dubiumgenitalic-morphologymicroscopy-identificationtemperate-North-AmericaCentral-AmericaSouth-AmericaCaribbeanPacific-islandsconservation-biologyclimate-change-vulnerabilityphenology-disruptionwinter-activityspring-emergenceforest-understorydry-forestmoist-forestripariangrasslandscrubedge-habitatwoodlandparklandurban-adaptedgeneralist-predatorspecialist-predatorant-alate-predationherbivore-interceptionecosystem-servicebiological-controlnatural-historyfield-identificationcryptic-species-complexsexual-dimorphismwingless-female-mothsballooning-dispersalsilk-productionweb-ontogenyinstar-developmentoverwintering-strategycold-hardinessmetabolic-suppressiondiapausevoltinismunivoltinebivoltinemultivoltineseasonal-polyphenismcolor-morphpattern-polymorphismhabitat-specificityhost-plant-specificityant-colony-integrationalarm-pheromone-avoidancesting-avoidancepredator-avoidancebird-predationlizard-predationwasp-predationassassin-bug-predationstink-bug-predationdefensive-behaviorthanatosiscamouflagemasquerademimicryaggressive-mimicryforaging-ecologyprey-captureweb-maintenanceweb-repairsilk-recyclingenergeticsreproductive-outputfecundityegg-sac-constructionmaternal-caremale-searching-behaviormate-locationpheromone-communicationvibratory-communicationvisual-signalingterritorialityweb-site-fidelityweb-site-tenacitydispersal-behaviorcolonization-abilityrange-expansioninvasive-potentialnon-native-speciesintroduced-speciessynanthropicagricultural-landscapeorchardvineyardforest-plantationconservation-statusdata-deficientIUCNCITESprotected-areanational-parksoberaniachiribiquetegalapagosfloreanaecuadorperuboliviachileargentinauruguayparaguayvenezuelacolombiacosta-ricanicaraguahondurasguatemalabelizemexicousacanadacubahispaniolajamaicapuerto-ricotrinidadtobagobarbadoslesser-antillesgreater-antilleswest-indiescaribbean-basinamazon-basinorinocoparanapantanalcerradocaatingaatlantic-forestpampaschacoyungasvaldivianmagellanicfynbosnoneresearch-modeleducational-resourcecitizen-scienceinaturalistgbifcatalogue-of-lifencbiwikipediazootaxajournal-of-natural-historypsycheentomology-todaybug-ericaraneologychelicerate-biologyarthropod-ecologytropical-biologyneotropical-faunanearctic-faunaholarticpantropicalgondwananbiogeographyphylogeographymolecular-systematicsmorphological-taxonomyintegrative-taxonomyspecies-conceptcryptic-diversityundescribed-speciesnew-species-descriptionredescriptionneotype-designationlectotype-designationtype-localitytype-specimenmuseum-collectionvoucher-specimendna-barcodingcoiitsphylogenomicstranscriptomicsproteomicsmetabolomicsecological-genomicsadaptationlocal-adaptationphenotypic-plasticitycanalizationevolutionary-developmental-biologyevo-devobehavioral-ecologysensory-ecologyvisual-ecologychemical-ecologymechanoreceptionproprioceptionneuroethologyhunting-behaviorweb-building-behaviorconstruction-behaviortool-useextended-phenotypeniche-constructionecosystem-engineeringtrophic-cascadefood-webenergy-flownutrient-cyclingdecompositionpredator-prey-dynamicspopulation-dynamicsmetapopulationsource-sink-dynamicshabitat-fragmentationedge-effectscorridorsconnectivitylandscape-ecologymacroecologybiogeochemistryclimate-envelopespecies-distribution-modelingmaxentbioclimworldclimremote-sensinggisspatial-analysisgeostatisticsabundancedensitybiomassproductivitydiversity-indexrichnessevennessdominancerarityendemismbeta-diversitygamma-diversityalpha-diversityturnovernestednesscommunity-assemblyneutral-theoryniche-theorycompetitionfacilitationapparent-competitionindirect-effectsinteraction-networksmutualismparasitismpredationherbivorydetritivoryscavengingcannibalismintraspecific-competitioninterspecific-competitioncharacter-displacementresource-partitioningniche-differentiationcoexistencestabilityresilienceresistancerecoverysuccessiondisturbanceperturbationextinctioncolonizationinvasionestablishmentspreadimpactrisk-assessmentmanagementcontroleradicationrestorationreintroductionrewildingconservation-breedingex-situin-situprotected-area-networkgap-analysissystematic-conservation-planningprioritizationhotspotcoldspotmajorityminorityflagshipumbrellakeystonefoundationecosystem-engineerindicatorsentinelbioindicatorbiomonitorecosystem-healthenvironmental-qualitypollutionpesticideheavy-metalcontaminantbioaccumulationbiomagnificationtoxicologyriskhazardexposuredose-responseno-observed-effect-concentrationlowest-observed-effect-concentrationmedian-lethal-concentrationmedian-effective-concentrationsafety-factoruncertainty-factorprobabilistic-risk-assessmentlife-cycle-assessmentcarbon-footprintwater-footprintecological-footprintsustainabilitysustainable-developmentgreen-economycircular-economyecosystem-servicesnatural-capitalgreen-infrastructurenature-based-solutionsecological-restorationhabitat-restorationspecies-recoverypopulation-recoverygenetic-rescueoutbreeding-depressioninbreeding-depressiongenetic-diversityheterozygosityeffective-population-sizebottleneckfounder-effectgenetic-driftgene-flowisolation-by-distanceisolation-by-environmentlandscape-geneticsseascape-geneticsconservation-geneticsmolecular-ecologypopulation-geneticsquantitative-geneticsgenomicsepigeneticsreaction-normnorm-of-reactiongenotype-environment-interactionheritabilityselectionnatural-selectionsexual-selectionartificial-selectiondomesticationbreedingcultivarvarietylandracewild-relativecrop-wild-relativegenetic-resourcegermplasmseed-bankfrozen-zoocryopreservationassisted-reproductioncloninggenetic-engineeringsynthetic-biologygene-drivebiocontrolaugmentativeinundativeconservationclassicalnatural-enemyparasitoidpathogennematodefungusbacteriumvirusviroidprionmicrobiomeholobiontmetaorganismsymbiosisendosymbiosisectosymbiosisamensalismneutralismsymbiogenesishorizontal-gene-transfervirulencepathogenicityinfectivitytransmissibilityreservoirvectorhostdefinitive-hostintermediate-hostparatenic-hostaccidental-hostdead-end-hostzoonosisemerging-infectious-diseasepandemicepidemicendemicsporadicoutbreakclusterindex-casecontact-tracingquarantineisolationsocial-distancingmaskingvaccinationherd-immunityreproduction-numberbasic-reproduction-numbereffective-reproduction-numberdoubling-timegeneration-timeserial-intervalincubation-periodlatent-periodinfectious-periodclinical-periodpre-symptomaticasymptomaticpauci-symptomaticmildmoderateseverecriticalfatalcase-fatality-rateinfection-fatality-rateattack-ratesecondary-attack-rateexcess-mortalityyears-of-life-lostdisability-adjusted-life-yearquality-adjusted-life-yearburden-of-diseaseglobal-burden-of-diseaseone-healthplanetary-healthecohealthconservation-medicineveterinary-medicinehuman-medicinecomparative-medicinetranslational-medicineprecision-medicinepersonalized-medicinegenomic-medicineregenerative-medicinestem-celltissue-engineeringorganoidorgan-on-chipmicrophysiological-systemin-silicoin-vitroex-vivoin-vivoanimal-modelnon-human-primaterodentmouseratguinea-pigrabbitdogcatlivestockpoultryaquaculturefisherywild-capturemariculturealgacultureseaweed-farmingintegrated-multi-trophic-aquaculturerecirculating-aquaculture-systemaquaponicshydroponicsaeroponicsvertical-farmingcontrolled-environment-agricultureprecision-agriculturesmart-farmingdigital-agricultureagriculture-4.0internet-of-thingsartificial-intelligencemachine-learningdeep-learningneural-networkcomputer-visiondroneunmanned-aerial-vehiclesatellitegpsgnssgeographic-information-systemdecision-support-systemexpert-systemknowledge-based-systemontologysemantic-weblinked-dataopen-databig-datadata-miningdata-sciencedata-analyticspredictive-analyticsprescriptive-analyticsdescriptive-analyticsdiagnostic-analyticsbusiness-intelligenceartificial-intelligence-ethicsalgorithmic-biasfairnessaccountabilitytransparencyexplainabilityinterpretabilityprivacysecuritysafetyreliabilityrobustnessadaptabilityflexibilityscalabilityefficiencyeffectivenessefficacyperformanceprofitabilitycost-benefitcost-effectivenesseconomic-analysisfinancial-analysisinvestmentreturn-on-investmentnet-present-valueinternal-rate-of-returnpayback-periodbreak-evensensitivity-analysisscenario-analysismonte-carlo-simulationdecision-treereal-optionsgame-theorybehavioral-economicsnudgechoice-architecturedefaultframinganchoringavailability-heuristicrepresentativeness-heuristicaffect-heuristicconfirmation-biasavailability-biasanchoring-biasframing-biasloss-aversionendowment-effectstatus-quo-biassunk-cost-fallacyplanning-fallacyoptimism-biaspessimism-biasoverconfidenceunderconfidencedunning-kruger-effectimposter-syndromestereotypingprejudicediscriminationimplicit-biasexplicit-biasstructural-biassystemic-biasinstitutional-biasinterpersonal-biasintrapersonal-biasunconscious-biasconscious-biasaffinity-biassimilarity-biasin-group-biasout-group-biashalo-effecthorns-effectcontrast-effectrecency-effectprimacy-effectserial-position-effectmere-exposure-effectfamiliarity-principlepropinquity-effectsocial-proofauthorityscarcityreciprocitycommitmentconsistencylikingunityinfluencepersuasioncomplianceconformityobedienceempowermentagencyautonomyself-determinationmotivationintrinsic-motivationextrinsic-motivationself-efficacyself-esteemself-conceptself-identitysocial-identitycollective-identitycultural-identitynational-identitygender-identitysexual-orientationreligionspiritualityvaluesbeliefsattitudesnormscustomstraditionsritualsceremoniescelebrationsfestivalsholidayscommemorationsmemorialsmonumentsheritagelegacyhistoryhistoriographyarchaeologypaleontolog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htperchroostnestdenburrowtunneldigexcavateminequarryextractremoveeliminateeradicateexterminatedestroydemolishruinwreckdamageharminjurehurtwoundmaimcripplelamedisableincapacitateparalyzestunshockastonishamazeastoundstaggerstupefydazebewilderconfusepuzzleperplexbafflemystifyenigmaGeocoris lividipennis
bigeyed bug
Geocoris lividipennis is a predatory true bug in the family Geocoridae, commonly known as bigeyed bugs. The species is recognized as a beneficial insect in agricultural systems, where it serves as a natural enemy of various crop pests. Adults and nymphs are generalist predators that feed on small arthropods and their eggs. The species has a broad distribution across the Americas and Caribbean islands.
Gryllidea
crickets
Gryllidea is an infraorder within the suborder Ensifera comprising crickets and their relatives. The group contains two superfamilies—Grylloidea (true crickets, tree crickets, scaly crickets, and allies) and Gryllotalpoidea (mole crickets and ant crickets)—encompassing more than 6,000 described species globally. Members are characterized by acoustic communication through stridulation, with males producing species-specific songs to attract mates. The infraorder originated in the Triassic period approximately 250–200 million years ago and represents the third most diverse group within Orthoptera.
cricketsOrthopteraEnsiferaacoustic-communicationstridulationmole-cricketsant-cricketsmyrmecophilybioacousticsedible-insectsagricultural-pesthousehold-pestTriassic-originhemimetabolous-developmentkleptoparasitismchemical-mimicryautotomythigmotaxisinvasive-speciesDiestrammena-asynamoraAcheta-domesticusGryllodes-sigillatusGryllus-firmusParagordius-variushost-parasite-interactionsmitochondrial-genomicspositive-selectioncox1Nearctic-faunaYunnan-biodiversityurban-ecologysoil-ecosystem-engineeringdecomposerfood-securityalternative-proteinLasius nearcticus
New World Fuzzy Ant
Lasius nearcticus is a species of citronella ant in the family Formicidae, native to eastern North America. It belongs to a genus characterized by the production of citronellal, a lemon-scented compound used for alarm communication and defense. The species is part of the Nearctic fauna and has been documented in the eastern United States and parts of Canada.
Lophocampa pura
Lophocampa pura is a moth species in the family Erebidae, first described by Berthold Neumoegen in 1882. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, with documented records from Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and adjacent Mexican states. As a member of the genus Lophocampa, it belongs to a group commonly known as tussock moths, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in published literature.
Sathria internitalis
Sathria internitalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae, subfamily Spilomelinae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1854. The species has a restricted Caribbean and Floridian distribution, occurring on the islands of Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Cuba, as well as in the southeastern United States (Florida). As a member of the grass moth family Crambidae, it likely exhibits the slender body form and thread-like antennae characteristic of this group.
Zelus
sundew assassin bugs, milkweed assassin bugs, leafhopper assassin bugs
Zelus is a genus of assassin bugs (Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) containing approximately 60 described species, with the majority distributed in Central and South America and five species occurring in North America. The genus is characterized by a distinctive predatory adaptation: the forelegs bear dense hairs coated with a sticky, glue-like secretion produced by specialized glands, enabling prey capture through adhesion rather than force. This 'sticky trap' strategy has earned them the common name 'sundew assassin bugs,' analogous to the carnivorous sundew plants. The genus includes notable species such as Zelus longipes (milkweed assassin bug), Z. luridus, Z. renardii (leafhopper assassin bug), and Z. tetracanthus.