Minute-wasp
Guides
Alaptus
Alaptus is a genus of minute egg parasitoid wasps in the family Mymaridae, commonly known as fairyflies. The genus contains approximately 17 described species in the Holarctic region, with several new species described from North America and Russia in recent taxonomic revisions. These wasps are specialized parasitoids of psocid eggs (barklice), with some species also associated with scale insects and other small arthropod eggs. Alaptus species are among the smallest insects, with body lengths typically under 1 mm.
Baeoneurella bicolor
Baeoneurella bicolor is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Scelionidae, a group of minute wasps that parasitize the eggs of various insects. The species epithet 'bicolor' suggests a two-toned color pattern, though specific morphological details remain undocumented in available sources. Scelionidae are among the most diverse families of parasitoid wasps, with most species being egg parasitoids of Orthoptera, Hemiptera, and other insect groups. The genus Baeoneurella is poorly known and represented by very few specimens in collections.
Chrysoplatycerus
Chrysoplatycerus is a genus of parasitic wasps in the family Encyrtidae, first described by Ashmead in 1889. The genus belongs to the subfamily Tetracneminae and contains species that are parasitoids, primarily associated with scale insects (Coccoidea). Based on museum records, the genus includes at least three described species: C. ferrisi, C. flavicollis, and C. splendens. These wasps are minute, typically under 2 mm in body length, with reduced wing venation characteristic of the family. The genus has been recorded from Hawaii, Cuba, and Panama, suggesting a distribution concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions.
Gnamptodon
Gnamptodon is a genus of small braconid wasps in the subfamily Telengaiinae. Members are minute parasitoids, with body lengths around 1.3 mm and fore wing lengths of approximately 1.5 mm. The genus has been documented from both Palearctic and Neotropical regions, with recent descriptions extending its known distribution to Brazil. Species are distinguished by subtle morphological differences in tergite sculpture, such as striated versus smooth second tergites.
Kleidotoma
Kleidotoma is a genus of small parasitoid wasps in the family Figitidae. Members are hyperparasitoids, developing on the larvae of other parasitoid wasps that attack gall-forming insects. The genus occurs primarily in the Holarctic region, with records from northern Europe.
Labolips
Labolips is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Diapriidae, first described by Förster in 1856. Members of this genus are small, typically minute wasps that develop as parasitoids of other insects. The genus is recorded from northern Europe, specifically Denmark and Sweden. Like other diapriids, species in this genus likely target dipteran hosts, though specific host relationships remain poorly documented.
Leptacis
Leptacis is a genus of minute parasitoid wasps in the family Platygastridae. These wasps are known to parasitize gall midges (Cecidomyiidae), particularly those associated with freshly cut or damaged wood. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution with documented species across multiple continents. Leptacis wasps are typically less than 2 mm in length and are often overlooked due to their small size.
Megaspilus
Megaspilus is a genus of minute parasitoid wasps in the family Megaspilidae, characterized by reduced wing venation and distinctive body sculpturing. The genus includes three described species: M. armatus, M. dux, and M. striolatus. These wasps are part of the superfamily Ceraphronoidea, a group of small, often overlooked parasitoids.
Mymar taprobanicum
Mymar taprobanicum is a species of fairyfly in the family Mymaridae, described by Ward in 1875 from Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon). The genus Mymar is one of the oldest-established genera in Mymaridae and serves as the type genus for the family. Mymar taprobanicum represents one of approximately 100 species currently recognized in this genus, though species-level taxonomy within Mymar remains challenging due to the minute size of these wasps and subtle morphological differences.
Neoneurus
Neoneurus is a genus of minute parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae, tribe Neoneurini. These wasps are specialized ant parasitoids, with females attacking adult ant workers in flight to deposit their eggs. The genus includes species such as Neoneurus vesculus, which has been filmed ovipositing into Formica cunicularia workers. Neoneurus species are among the few parasitoids capable of overcoming ant defenses, representing a highly specialized ecological adaptation.
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Paragaleopsomyia is a genus of minute parasitic wasps in the family Eulophidae, subfamily Tetrastichinae. The genus was described by Girault in 1917. Like other eulophid wasps, members of this genus are likely parasitoids of other insects, though specific host associations remain poorly documented. The genus is known from the Nearctic region.
Pentapria
Pentapria is a genus of minute parasitoid wasps in the family Diapriidae, established by Kieffer in 1905. Members of this genus are part of the diverse Proctotrupomorpha radiation within Hymenoptera. As with other diapriid wasps, species in this genus are likely parasitoids of other insects, though specific biological details remain poorly documented. The genus is rarely encountered in field studies and is represented by few observations in citizen science databases.
Spilomicrus exul
Spilomicrus exul is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Diapriidae, a group of small, often minute wasps that develop as parasitoids of other insects. The genus Spilomicrus is part of the diverse hymenopteran fauna that includes thousands of poorly studied species. Like other diapriid wasps, this species likely has a specialized host relationship, though specific biological details remain undocumented in available sources.
Synopeas hopkinsi
Synopeas hopkinsi is a minute parasitoid wasp in the family Platygastridae, first described by Crawford and Bradley in 1911. Members of the genus Synopeas are known to parasitize gall midges (Cecidomyiidae), though the specific host associations for S. hopkinsi remain undocumented. The species is characterized by an extremely small body size and typical platygastrid morphology, including a short spine on the scutellum that distinguishes the genus from related taxa. Like other Synopeas species, adults likely locate hosts using chemical cues associated with host damage or activity.
Tetramesa
Tetramesa is a genus of minute phytophagous wasps in the family Eurytomidae comprising over 200 described species. Members are exclusively associated with grasses (Poaceae), where they typically induce stem or inflorescence galls. The genus exhibits pronounced host specificity, with most species restricted to a single grass species or closely related congeners. Several species have been deployed as biological control agents against invasive grasses, including T. romana for giant reed (Arundo donax) and candidate agents for medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) and African lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula). Adults feed on nectar. Recent phylogenomic studies have synonymized the genera Aiolomorphus and Cathilaria within Tetramesa.
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Trisacantha is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Scelionidae, first described by Ashmead in 1887. Members of this genus are minute wasps that develop as parasitoids of insect eggs. The genus is placed within the superfamily Platygastroidea, a group characterized by reduced wing venation and specialized host-finding behaviors. Only one observation of this genus is currently documented on iNaturalist, indicating either rarity or undercollection.