Dynastinae

Guides

Anoplognatho
Anoplognatho is a monotypic genus of rhinoceros beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, containing the single described species A. dunnianus. The genus was established by Rivers in 1889. As a member of the subfamily Dynastinae, it belongs to the group of scarab beetles commonly known for enlarged head or thoracic horns in males.
rhinoceros-beetle monotypic Scarabaeidae Dynastinae Nearctic
Anoplognatho dunnianus
Anoplognatho dunnianus is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It is the sole described species in the genus Anoplognatho. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Dynastinae Pentodontini Nearctic Neotropical Southwest-USA Mexico monotypic-genus rhinoceros-beetle
Aphonus castaneus
Aphonus castaneus is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It belongs to the subfamily Dynastinae, a group known for species with prominent horns or tubercles. The species is distributed across eastern North America, from Quebec southward through the eastern United States. Records indicate it has been collected in 18 U.S. states and the District of Columbia.
rhinoceros-beetle Dynastinae Scarabaeidae Coleoptera North-America Nearctic
Aphonus texanus
Aphonus texanus is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, described by Gill and Howden in 1985. It belongs to the subfamily Dynastinae, which includes the well-known rhinoceros and Hercules beetles. The species is native to the south-central United States.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle Scarabaeidae Coleoptera Nearctic Texas Oklahoma
Aphonus variolosus
Aphonus variolosus is a small rhinoceros beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae, described by John LeConte in 1847. It belongs to the tribe Pentodontini, a group characterized by reduced or absent horns in both sexes. The species is recorded from the southeastern United States.
beetle scarab rhinoceros-beetle Dynastinae North-America United-States Southeast
Archophileurus
Archophileurus is a genus of rhinoceros beetles (Dynastinae) established by Kolbe in 1910. It comprises at least 30 described species distributed in the Neotropical region. Members of this genus belong to the tribe Phileurini, a group characterized by distinctive morphological adaptations. The genus has been documented through over 600 observation records, indicating moderate research attention.
rhinoceros-beetles Dynastinae Phileurini Neotropical Scarabaeidae
Archophileurus cribrosus
Archophileurus cribrosus is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Dynastinae. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The species belongs to the tribe Phileurini, a group characterized by distinctive morphological features. It has been documented across multiple states and Mexican states, primarily in arid and semi-arid regions.
rhinoceros-beetle Dynastinae Phileurini Nearctic Neotropical desert-beetle LeConte-1854
Coscinocephalus
Coscinocephalus is a genus of rhinoceros beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, established by Prell in 1936. The genus comprises at least two described species: Coscinocephalus cribrifrons, described by Schaeffer in 1906, and Coscinocephalus tepehuanus, described by Morón & Ratcliffe in 1996. Members of this genus belong to the subfamily Dynastinae and tribe Pentodontini, placing them among the smaller rhinoceros beetles.
Dynastinae Pentodontini rhinoceros-beetle North-America Mexico 1936 Prell Scarabaeidae Scarabaeoidea Coleoptera Insecta Arthropoda Animalia Coscinocephalus-cribrifrons Coscinocephalus-tepehuanus Schaeffer-1906 Morón-&-Ratcliffe-1996 Nearctic genus beetle
Coscinocephalus cribrifrons
Coscinocephalus cribrifrons is a rhinoceros beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae. The species was described by Schaeffer in 1906. It occurs in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Like other dynastine beetles, it possesses enlarged cephalic or thoracic horns, though specific horn morphology for this species is not well documented.
rhinoceros-beetle Dynastinae Scarabaeidae Coleoptera Nearctic Neotropical Arizona New-Mexico Mexico Schaeffer-1906
Cyclocephala
Masked Chafers
Cyclocephala is a large genus of scarab beetles in the subfamily Dynastinae, commonly known as masked chafers. Adults are small brown beetles (10–15 mm) with a distinctive black facial mask across the eyes. The genus is endemic to the Americas, ranging from southeastern Canada to Argentina, India, and the West Indies. Adults are nocturnal or crepuscular and attracted to lights. Larvae develop in soil, feeding on organic matter and plant roots, and are significant pests of turfgrass.
scarab-beetles masked-chafers turfgrass-pests white-grubs nocturnal-beetles Dynastinae soil-dwelling-larvae root-feeders sex-pheromones pollinators agricultural-pests entomopathogenic-fungi-research
Cyclocephala aravaipensis
Cyclocephala aravaipensis is a species of scarab beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae, first described by Brett Ratcliffe in 1992. It belongs to the masked chafer genus Cyclocephala, a group of beetles whose larvae are commonly known as "white grubs" and are significant pests of turfgrass. The species epithet "aravaipensis" refers to the Aravaipa region in Arizona, indicating its known geographic association. Like other members of its genus, adults are small brown beetles with a distinctive dark facial marking, while larvae are cream-colored, C-shaped grubs that feed on plant roots.
Scarabaeidae Dynastinae Cyclocephalini masked-chafer white-grub turfgrass-pest Arizona-endemic Nearctic Coleoptera Ratcliffe-1992
Cyclocephala longula
Cyclocephala longula is a rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Dynastinae. It is a member of the masked chafer group, characterized by adults with a distinctive dark facial marking. The species is native to western North America, ranging from Canada through the western United States into northern Mexico. Like other Cyclocephala species, the larvae are white grubs that feed on plant roots, though specific life history details for this species remain poorly documented.
masked-chafer rhinoceros-beetle white-grub Scarabaeidae Dynastinae Cyclocephalini western-North-America LeConte-1863
Cyclocephala lurida
Southern Masked Chafer
Cyclocephala lurida, commonly known as the southern masked chafer, is a scarab beetle native to the southeastern United States. Adults are small brown beetles with distinctive black facial markings, measuring 10–14 mm in length. The species is univoltine, with adults active primarily in June and July. While adults do not feed on plants and cause no damage, the subterranean larvae—known as white grubs—are significant turfgrass pests that feed on grass roots and can cause extensive lawn damage under dry conditions.
Scarabaeidae Dynastinae turfgrass-pest white-grub univoltine pheromone-communication southeastern-United-States root-feeder integrated-pest-management biological-control milky-spore Paenibacillus-popilliae
Cyclocephala melanocephala
masked chafer
Cyclocephala melanocephala is a species of scarab beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae, commonly known as masked chafers. The species occurs across North and Central America and has been documented in association with flowers of yellow passionfruit (Passiflora edulis). Adults have been observed feeding on sunflower inflorescences (Helianthus annuus).
scarab-beetle Dynastinae masked-chafer floral-visitor sunflower-feeder passionflower-associate
Cyclocephala pasadenae
Southwestern Masked Chafer, Pasadena Masked Chafer
Cyclocephala pasadenae, commonly known as the southwestern masked chafer or Pasadena masked chafer, is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. Native to southwestern North America, it is one of several masked chafer species whose larvae are significant pests of turfgrass. The species is tan or auburn in color, approximately 13 mm in length, with some patterning on the elytra. Along with its congener Cyclocephala hirta, it is locally abundant in the Los Angeles basin.
masked-chafer white-grub turfgrass-pest rhinoceros-beetle scarab Dynastinae Cyclocephalini southwestern-United-States root-feeder
Cyclocephala robusta
Cyclocephala robusta is a species of masked chafer beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1863. It belongs to the subfamily Dynastinae, though unlike many members of this group it lacks the large horns characteristic of the subfamily. The species is native to the south-central and southeastern United States. Like other Cyclocephala species, it likely has a life cycle involving root-feeding larval stages and adult beetles that do not feed on plants.
Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Dynastinae masked-chafer white-grub turfgrass-pest Nearctic United-States LeConte-1863 soil-dwelling-larva nocturnal light-attracted Cyclocephalini
Cyclocephalini
Masked Chafers and Rice Beetles
Cyclocephalini is a tribe of scarab beetles within the subfamily Dynastinae, comprising 14 genera and over 500 species. The tribe includes the most speciose genus of dynastines, Cyclocephala, with more than 350 species. Members are primarily Neotropical in distribution and are commonly known as masked chafers and rice beetles. These beetles are strongly associated with flowers, serving as pollinators and florivores, with many species exhibiting specialized relationships with palm inflorescences and other flowering plants.
scarab-beetles Dynastinae pollinators florivores Neotropical chemical-ecology agricultural-pests palm-associated nocturnal masked-chafers rice-beetles
Dynastes tityus
Eastern Hercules beetle, elephant beetle, ox beetle
Dynastes tityus, the eastern Hercules beetle, is among the largest and heaviest beetles in the United States. Males possess prominent thoracic and cephalic horns used in combat with rival males for access to mates. The species exhibits remarkable humidity-dependent color change in its elytra, shifting from green-gray-tan to deep brown when moisture is absorbed. Adults are nocturnal and attracted to lights. The complete life cycle may extend up to three years in the wild, with larvae developing in decaying wood within tree cavities.
Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Dynastinae Dynastes eastern-Hercules-beetle rhinoceros-beetle North-America United-States saproxylic horn-combat color-change biomimicry
Dynastini
True Rhinoceros Beetles
Dynastini is a tribe of large scarab beetles commonly known as true rhinoceros beetles. The group includes some of the largest and most iconic beetles in the world, with males typically bearing prominent horns on the head and pronotum used in combat. Notable genera include Dynastes (Hercules beetles), Megasoma, and Golofa. Members are primarily tropical and subtropical in distribution, with some species reaching temperate regions of North America.
scarabaeidae dynastinae rhinoceros-beetles horned-beetles large-beetles sap-feeders wood-decomposers sexual-dimorphism combat-behavior tropical-beetles nearctic neotropical
Dyscinetus picipes
Dyscinetus picipes is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Dynastinae. It belongs to the tribe Cyclocephalini, a group of scarab beetles commonly known as rhinoceros beetles. The species has been recorded across the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, with distribution spanning the south-central and southwestern United States, Mexico, and various Caribbean islands. Available information on this species is limited, with few detailed biological studies published.
scarabaeidae dynastinae cyclocephalini rhinoceros-beetle nearctic neotropical coleoptera
Hemiphileurus
Hemiphileurus is a genus of rhinoceros beetles (Dynastinae) in the family Scarabaeidae, established by Kolbe in 1910. The genus comprises at least 60 described species distributed across the Neotropical region. Members are characterized by the typical dynastine morphology including horns or tubercles, though often less dramatically developed than in some related genera. The genus is part of the tribe Phileurini, which includes other horned scarabs with primarily tropical distributions.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetles Neotropical Scarabaeidae Phileurini horned-beetles
Hemiphileurus illatus
Lesser Triceratops Beetle
Hemiphileurus illatus is a rhinoceros beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae, known as the lesser triceratops beetle. Adults are black, 19–25 mm long, with a pitted exoskeleton and two cephalic horns—smaller in females. Unlike its congener Phileurus truncatus, it lacks a third horn. The species is native to the southwestern United States and is attracted to UV light.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle detritivore fossorial southwestern-US-endemic stridulation UV-light-attraction
Ligyrus
Ligyrus is a genus of scarab beetles in the tribe Pentodontini, distributed across the Americas. The genus was erected by Hermann Burmeister in 1847, subsequently merged with Tomarus, and restored as a valid genus in 2022 based on phylogenetic and morphological evidence. It contains approximately 16 recognized species, including the economically significant carrot beetle (Ligyrus gibbosus). Species are assigned to two subgenera: Ligyrodes and Ligyrus.
Dynastinae Pentodontini Scarabaeidae scarab-beetles rhinoceros-beetles Americas
Ligyrus peninsularis
Ligyrus peninsularis is a scarab beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae (rhinoceros beetles), described by Casey in 1915. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and Baja California region of Mexico. Like other members of the genus, it is likely associated with sandy or loose soil habitats where larvae develop. Adult activity patterns and specific ecological relationships remain poorly documented in published literature.
Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Dynastinae Ligyrus Nearctic Neotropical Baja-California California Nevada scarab-beetle rhinoceros-beetle
Ligyrus ruginasus
Ligyrus ruginasus is a scarab beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae (rhinoceros beetles), described by LeConte in 1856. It belongs to a genus of relatively small dynastines that lack the prominent horns seen in larger relatives. The species is distributed across arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle Nearctic Neotropical nocturnal light-attracted burrowing arid-adapted
Megasoma sleeperi
Sleeper's Elephant Beetle
Megasoma sleeperi is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It is endemic to the Algodones Dunes of southeastern California and adjacent areas of southwestern Arizona and northwestern Mexico. Like other members of the genus Megasoma, it is among the largest beetles in North America. Males possess prominent horns used in combat with other males. The species was described by Hardy in 1972 and is named in honor of collector R. C. Sleeper.
endemic sand-dune-specialist rhinoceros-beetle dynastinae scarabaeidae coleoptera algodones-dunes imperial-sand-dunes california arizona nearctic desert horned-beetle large-beetle
Orizabus pinalicus
Orizabus pinalicus is a rhinoceros beetle described in 2011 from the southwestern United States. It belongs to the genus Orizabus, a group of relatively small dynastine scarabs. The species is known from limited records in Arizona and Texas.
rhinoceros-beetle dynastinae scarabaeidae nearctic southwestern-united-states 2011-description
Orizabus pyriformis
Orizabus pyriformis is a rhinoceros beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae. It occurs in the southwestern United States and central Mexico. The species was originally described as Bothynus pyriformis by John Lawrence LeConte in 1847.
rhinoceros-beetle Dynastinae Nearctic Neotropical
Oryctini
rhinoceros beetles
Oryctini is a tribe of large, robust scarab beetles within the subfamily Dynastinae, commonly referred to as "rhinoceros beetles." Members range from 25–60 mm in length and are typically dark brown to black. The tribe includes approximately 25 genera distributed worldwide, with particular diversity in the Neotropical region. Several species are economically significant pests, notably in the genus Oryctes, which damages palms and sugarcane. Males frequently possess pronounced horns or armored projections on the head and pronotum, with horn development influenced by larval nutrition.
Scarabaeidae Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetles nocturnal horn-dimorphism pest-species decomposer Neotropical-diversity
Parastasia
Parastasia is a genus of scarab beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, currently classified within the subfamily Rutelinae but with strong molecular evidence suggesting placement in the subfamily Dynastinae near the tribe Cyclocephalini. The genus occurs in Southeast Asia and includes at least four described species. Adults are associated with the flowers of aroid plants (Araceae), particularly Amorphophallus and Epipremnum.
Scarabaeidae Rutelinae Dynastinae Southeast-Asia flower-visitors aroid-associates molecular-systematics taxonomic-revision
Pentodontini
rhinoceros beetles
Pentodontini is the most diverse tribe within the subfamily Dynastinae (rhinoceros beetles), containing over 100 genera distributed across multiple biogeographic regions. Most genera are restricted to a single biogeographic region. The tribe is characterized by substantial morphological diversity, with generic-level identification often relying on mouthpart morphology in females and secondary sexual characters (horns, claw modifications, antennal club length) in males.
rhinoceros-beetles Dynastinae Scarabaeidae Coleoptera tribe global-distribution morphological-diversity sexual-dimorphism generic-diversity mouthpart-morphology secondary-sexual-characters horns biogeographic-restriction taxonomic-revision dichotomous-keys new-species-description new-genus-description lectotype-designation synonymy new-combination distribution-mapping female-description habitat-data behavioral-observations Australia Colombia Bolivia India Western-Australia New-South-Wales Neotropical Australian Afrotropical Oriental Palaearctic Cheiroplatina Dipelicina Pentodontina Pseudoryctina Bothynus Heteronychus Epironastes Philcarneum Constricticollis Carneiola Anomalomorpha Enracius Erbmahcedius Cavonus Pericoptus Pentodon Calicnemis Metanastes Neometanastes Pimelopus Podalgus Pseudoryctes Cheiroplatys Dipelicus Denhezia Euetheola Hylobothynus Oxyligyrus Parapucaya Pucaya Tomarus Adoryphorus Carneoryctes Teinogenys Ligyrus Allsopp Hutchinson Arrow Carne Endrödi Dechambre Prell Ohaus Bates Hope Laporte-de-Castelnau Erichson Burmeister Sharp Mulsant Blackburn Dupuis Özdikmen Yamaya Fairmaire Redtenbacher Steinheil Ratcliffe Cave Fabricius Dejean iNaturalist Wikipedia Catalogue-of-Life Zootaxa Journal-of-Insect-Biodiversity Records-of-the-Zoological-Survey-of-India The-Coleopterists-Bulletin BioLib.cz Wikimedia-Commons DOI 10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.4.2 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.3.2 10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2s/2025/172964 10.11646/zootaxa.5716.4.7 10.11646/zootaxa.5072.5.2 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.4.3 10.12976/jib/2024.54.2.2 10.1649/1186.1 new-synonymy lectotype distribution-map habitat-description key-to-species key-to-genera male-genitalia external-morphology aedeagus habitus photographs illustrations specimen-records natural-history biogeography endemic restricted-distribution coastal southwestern southeastern northern Arani Cochabamba Kununurra Menzies New-Zealand South-America first-record misidentification erroneous-record invisible-taxon formal-nomenclature cephalic-horns thoracic-horns claw-modification antennal-club mouthparts mandibles maxillae labium clypeus pronotum elytra pygidium tarsi metatarsi tibiae femora prosternal-process mesosternal-process metasternal-process abdominal-sternites parameres phallobase internal-sac spermatheca ovipositor larva pupa adult instar third-instar C-shaped scarabaeiform soil-dwelling nocturnal crepuscular flight aggregation mating oviposition feeding root-feeding detritivory saprophagy herbivory frugivory pollen-feeding nectar-feeding decay decomposition nutrient-cycling soil-aeration pest agricultural-pest pasture-pest sugarcane-pest root-damage turf-damage biological-control indicator-species conservation biodiversity endemism cryptic-species species-complex morphological-variation geometric-morphometrics phylogenetics molecular-systematics DNA-barcoding COI 16S 28S 18S ITS biogeographic-region biogeographic-realm Neotropics Afrotropics Australasia Indomalaya Palearctic Nearctic Madagascar oceanic-islands continental insular montane lowland tropical subtropical temperate arid semi-arid humid rainforest savanna grassland woodland forest coastal-dune riparian wetland agricultural pasture plantation urban disturbed primary-habitat secondary-habitat seasonal-activity rainy-season dry-season monsoon altitude elevation latitude longitude geographic-range range-extension range-contraction disjunct-distribution vicariance dispersal colonization invasion introduced native cosmopolitan widespread restricted rare common abundant scarce data-deficient IUCN CITES protected threatened vulnerable endangered critically-endangered extinct fossil subfossil quaternary holocene pleistocene museum-specimen collection voucher type-specimen holotype paratype syntype paralectotype neotype topotype original-description redescription diagnosis emended-diagnosis key dichotomous-key illustrated-key interactive-key digital-key mobile-app online-database GBIF BOLD GenBank MorphBank ZooBank 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Phileurini
Phileurini is a tribe of scarab beetles within the subfamily Dynastinae, established by Burmeister in 1847. The tribe includes two subtribes: Cryptodina (Burmeister & Schaum, 1840) containing the genus Cryptodus, and Phileurina (Burmeister, 1847). Members of this tribe are primarily Neotropical in distribution, with some species extending into North America. The genus Phileurus, the namesake of the tribe, includes species that are sometimes mistaken for bess beetles (Passalidae) due to their flattened, parallel-sided body form.
Scarabaeidae Dynastinae tribe Neotropical Phileurus Cryptodus Burmeister-1847 beetles Coleoptera
Phileurus truncatus
Triceratops Beetle
Phileurus truncatus, commonly known as the Triceratops Beetle, is a large scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. The species is named for its distinctive horn-like projections on the head and pronotum, which resemble the horns of a triceratops dinosaur. It occurs across the southern United States and extends south through Mexico into Central America. Adults are nocturnal and frequently attracted to ultraviolet and mercury-vapor lights.
Scarabaeidae Dynastinae nocturnal light-attracted horned-beetle North-America Mexico Central-America triceratops-beetle oak-juniper-woodland mesquite-scrub summer-activity
Phileurus valgus
Phileurus valgus is a small dynastine scarab beetle in the tribe Phileurini, distributed from the southern United States through Central America and into South America. Adults are attracted to lights and have been found under bark of decaying wood. Larvae develop in rotting wood cavities. The species is sometimes mistaken for bess beetles (Passalidae) due to its flattened, parallel-sided body form.
scarabaeidae dynastinae phileurini rhinoceros-beetle saproxylic wood-inhabiting nocturnal attracted-to-lights
Strategus
Ox Beetles
Strategus is a genus of rhinoceros beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, commonly known as ox beetles. The genus is widespread in the Americas, ranging from Kansas southward through South America. Species in this genus are notable for their large size and prominent horns, particularly in males. Some species, such as S. aloeus, are significant agricultural pests of oil palm plantations in Latin America, where they reproduce in decomposing organic matter from replanting operations.
rhinoceros-beetle ox-beetle pest oil-palm semiochemical pheromone Dynastinae Scarabaeidae Coleoptera agricultural-pest integrated-pest-management
Strategus antaeus
ox beetle, smooth ox beetle
Strategus antaeus, commonly known as the ox beetle or smooth ox beetle, is a large rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It is the second largest beetle in eastern North America. The species occurs in xeric sand prairie remnants and is associated with oak trees, particularly Quercus marilandica (post oak). Live individuals are rarely encountered; carcass remnants are typically found at the base of host trees.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle scarab sand-prairie oak-associated nocturnal carrion-detection-method Missouri-state-record large-beetle xeric-habitat rarely-observed-live
Strategus cessus
rhinoceros beetle
Strategus cessus is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Dynastinae. It belongs to a genus of large, horned scarabs found in the Americas. The species has been documented from the southwestern United States and Mexico.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle Scarabaeidae nocturnal light-attracted Nearctic Neotropical Southwest-USA Mexico
Strategus mormon
Strategus mormon is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Dynastinae. It is a large scarab beetle native to the south-central United States. Like other members of its genus, males possess prominent cephalic and pronotal horns used in combat with other males. The species is primarily nocturnal and attracted to lights.
scarabaeidae dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle nocturnal south-central-US
Strategus splendens
Splendid Ox Beetle
Strategus splendens is a large scarab beetle commonly known as the Splendid Ox Beetle. It belongs to the rhinoceros beetle subfamily Dynastinae, characterized by prominent horns in males. The species occurs in the southeastern United States, where it has been documented in sandy habitats and associated with oak woodlands. Adults are attracted to lights and are active during summer months.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle scarab beetle Coleoptera Nearctic southeastern-USA light-attracted nocturnal
Tomarus
Tomarus is a genus of rhinoceros beetles in the subfamily Dynastinae. The genus is native to the Americas, ranging from the central United States to Argentina, with some species in the Caribbean. Adults are nocturnal and attracted to lights. The genus has been subject to taxonomic revision, with some species now placed in the restored genus Ligyrus.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetles Scarabaeidae nocturnal Americas soil-dwelling-larvae
Xyloryctes
rhinoceros beetles
Xyloryctes is a genus of rhinoceros beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, tribe Oryctini, subfamily Dynastinae. The genus contains approximately 13 described species distributed primarily in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Adults are characterized by prominent cephalic horns, particularly in males, and are nocturnally active, frequently attracted to artificial lights. The genus has been documented as a vector for the giant thorn-headed worm of swine (Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus), with X. satyrus representing a newly recorded host for this acanthocephalan parasite.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetles nocturnal light-attracted parasite-vector Nearctic Neotropical woodland-beetles
Xyloryctes jamaicensis
Eastern Rhinoceros Beetle, Rhinoceros Beetle, Unicorn Beetle
Xyloryctes jamaicensis, commonly called the Eastern Rhinoceros Beetle or Unicorn Beetle, is a medium-sized rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Dynastinae. Males possess a prominent horn projecting from the head, used in combat with other males. The species is native to eastern and central North America, ranging from southern Canada through the eastern United States and into Mexico. Adults are nocturnal and frequently attracted to lights.
Dynastinae rhinoceros-beetle horn nocturnal attracted-to-light woodland North-America
Xyloryctes thestalus
Western Rhinoceros Beetle
Xyloryctes thestalus is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, commonly known as the Western Rhinoceros Beetle. Males possess prominent horns on the head and pronotum, a characteristic feature of the Dynastinae subfamily. The species is nocturnal and strongly attracted to lights, often appearing in large numbers at ultraviolet and mercury vapor light setups. It occurs across the southwestern United States and Mexico, with two recognized subspecies: X. t. thestalus and X. t. borealis.
nocturnal phototactic scarab rhinoceros-beetle Dynastinae southwestern-US Mexico light-attracted