Subtribe
Guides
Acrolytina
Acrolytina is a subtribe within the ichneumonid subfamily Campopleginae. Members are parasitoid wasps, with the subtribe containing at least the genus Acrolyta. The group is part of the diverse ichneumonid fauna, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in available literature.
Agriotina
Agriotina is a subtribe of click beetles (Elateridae) established by Laporte in 1840. It belongs to the tribe Agriotini within the subfamily Elaterinae. Members are characterized by morphological traits associated with the elaterid body plan, including the prosternal process that interacts with the mesosternum to enable the 'clicking' escape mechanism. The subtribe encompasses multiple genera of generally small to medium-sized beetles.
Agrothereutina
Agrothereutina is a subtribe of ichneumonid wasps within the subfamily Cryptinae, tribe Phygadeuontini. Members are parasitoid wasps, likely targeting concealed hosts such as pupae or larvae of other insects. The subtribe is represented by thousands of observations, indicating relatively common occurrence in suitable habitats. As with most cryptine ichneumonids, species in this subtribe are generally small to medium-sized with slender bodies and long antennae.
Alleculina
comb-clawed beetles
Alleculina is a subtribe of comb-clawed beetles within the darkling beetle family Tenebrionidae. Members of this group were formerly classified as a separate family (Alleculidae) but have been reclassified as a subfamily (Alleculinae) and subsequently as a subtribe within the Tenebrionidae. These beetles do not resemble 'classic' darkling beetles in appearance, presenting a challenge for identification. The subtribe includes genera such as Hymenorus.
Anisolinina
Anisolinina is a subtribe of rove beetles (Staphylinidae) established by Hayashi in 1993. It belongs to the tribe Staphylinini within the subfamily Staphylininae. The subtribe contains multiple genera of small to medium-sized predatory beetles. Members of this group share derived morphological features that distinguish them from related subtribes within Staphylinini.
Autoplusiina
Autoplusiina is a subtribe of moths within the family Noctuidae, tribe Plusiini. Members of this subtribe are characterized by distinctive wing patterns and morphological features that separate them from other plusiine groups. The subtribe includes genera such as Autoplusia, from which it takes its name. These moths are primarily nocturnal and are found in various regions globally.
Baryceratina
Baryceratina is a subtribe of parasitoid wasps within the family Ichneumonidae. Members belong to the tribe Ichneumonini and subfamily Ichneumoninae. The group comprises genera characterized by specific morphological features in the antennae and areole of the forewing. These wasps are koinobiont endoparasitoids, developing within living hosts.
Blerina
Blerina is a subtribe of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) established by Mutin in 1999. It comprises six genera: Blera, Caliprobola, Cynorhinella, Lejota, Philippimyia, and Somula. These hoverflies belong to the diverse family of flower flies, many of which are important pollinators. The subtribe represents a distinct lineage within the Syrphidae, though detailed biological and ecological information remains limited in the available literature.
Brachyina
Brachyina is a subtribe within the tribe Trachyini (family Buprestidae), established by Cobos in 1979. The subtribe includes small to minute metallic wood-boring beetles, with Taphrocerus being the primary genus in North America. Members are characterized by their compact body form and association with herbaceous or woody vegetation. The group is taxonomically stable but relatively understudied compared to other buprestid lineages.
Calaphidina
Calaphidina is a subtribe of aphids within the tribe Calaphidini and subfamily Calaphidinae, established by Oestlund in 1919. The group is currently treated as a synonym in modern taxonomic databases, indicating it has been merged with or subsumed under other taxonomic concepts. Members of this group are part of the diverse aphid fauna that feed on various host plants, though specific diagnostic features distinguishing this subtribe remain poorly documented in contemporary literature.
Chetostomatina
Chetostomatina is a subtribe of true fruit flies (family Tephritidae) established by Han in 1999. It belongs to the diverse group of tephritid flies, many of which are economically significant agricultural pests. The subtribe is part of the broader classification of fruit flies that includes numerous species with specialized relationships with host plants.
Cosmiina
Cosmiina is a subtribe of owlet moths (Noctuidae) within the tribe Xylenini. It comprises multiple genera including Ipimorpha, which contains species with broad geographic distributions spanning Europe, Asia, and North America. Members of this subtribe have been documented in high-altitude wetland habitats in China.
Dicaelina
Dicaelina is a subtribe of ground beetles (Carabidae: Licininae: Licinini) established by Laporte in 1834. Members of this subtribe are included within the tribe Licinini, a group of predatory beetles characterized by elongated bodies and relatively long legs adapted for running. The subtribe contains multiple genera of moderate to large-sized carabids distributed across various regions. iNaturalist records indicate substantial observational data (4,358 observations), suggesting these beetles are moderately well-documented by naturalists.
Dicercina
Dicercina is a subtribe of metallic wood-boring beetles within the family Buprestidae. It contains at least two genera, Dicerca and Lampetis, with approximately 20 described species. The subtribe belongs to the tribe Dicercini and subfamily Chrysochroinae. Members exhibit the characteristic metallic coloration typical of jewel beetles.
Echiasterina
Echiasterina is a subtribe of rove beetles within the family Staphylinidae, established by Casey in 1905. It belongs to the tribe Lathrobiini in the subfamily Paederinae. Members of this subtribe are small to medium-sized beetles characterized by the typically short elytra that expose much of the abdomen, a defining feature of Staphylinidae. The group has limited observational records, with 47 observations documented on iNaturalist. Information regarding specific species composition, biology, and ecological roles remains sparse in published literature.
Endaseina
Endaseina is a subtribe of parasitoid wasps within the family Ichneumonidae. Members of this group are part of the diverse and species-rich ichneumonid lineage, which comprises one of the largest families of Hymenoptera. The subtribe is classified within the tribe Endaseini. Specific morphological and biological characteristics distinguishing this subtribe from related groups remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
Gorytina
Gorytina is a subtribe of digger wasps within the tribe Bembicini, family Crabronidae. These wasps are solitary and typically nest in soil, with many species specializing on particular prey types. The subtribe includes approximately 20 genera distributed globally, with notable diversity in North America. Members are distinguished from other Bembicini by morphological features of the clypeus and labrum.
Hemicrepidiina
Hemicrepidiina is a subtribe of click beetles (Elateridae) established by Champion in 1896. Members belong to the family Elateridae, a large group characterized by their ability to "click" and right themselves when overturned. The subtribe is placed within the tribe Dendrometrini and subfamily Dendrometrinae. iNaturalist records indicate substantial observational data with over 10,000 observations, suggesting ecological significance and active research interest.
Hemitelina
Hemitelina is a subtribe within the family Ichneumonidae, a large group of parasitoid wasps. Members of this subtribe are characterized by specific morphological features of the mesosoma and wing venation that distinguish them from related ichneumonid groups. The subtribe includes the genus Klutiana, which contains species such as Klutiana hemitelina described from Madagascar.
Jorumina
Jorumina is a subtribe of leafhoppers within the tribe Empoascini, subfamily Typhlocybinae, and family Cicadellidae. It was established by McAtee in 1926. Members of this subtribe are small, sap-feeding insects that belong to a diverse group of Hemiptera commonly known as leafhoppers.
Lathrobiina
Lathrobiina is a subtribe of rove beetles (Staphylinidae: Paederinae) containing approximately 25 genera. Members are small to medium-sized beetles characterized by the typical staphylinid body plan: shortened elytra exposing most of the abdomen. The subtribe has a global distribution with particular diversity in the Palaearctic region. Recent taxonomic revisions have recognized new genera based on subtle morphological distinctions, indicating ongoing refinement of the group's classification.
Myzocallidina
Myzocallidina is a subtribe of aphids within the family Aphididae, established by Börner in 1942. It is currently treated as a synonym in modern taxonomic databases. The subtribe belongs to the tribe Myzocallidini in the subfamily Calaphidinae, a group of aphids primarily associated with woody host plants. The subtribe classification reflects historical attempts to organize the diverse aphid fauna based on morphological and biological characteristics.
Opatrina
Opatrina is a subtribe of darkling beetles (family Tenebrionidae) established by Brullé in 1832. It belongs to the tribe Opatrini within the subfamily Blaptinae. The subtribe contains multiple genera distributed in Southern Africa, including Helibatus (with two known species: H. morio and H. banaszkiewiczae) and Planostibes. Members of this subtribe are characterized by morphological features of the metaventrum used in species-level identification.
Panaphidina
Panaphidina is a subtribe within the aphid tribe Panaphidini, family Aphididae. It was established by Oestlund in 1923 and is currently treated as a synonym in modern taxonomic databases. The subtribe encompasses certain aphid genera historically grouped together based on morphological similarities. Members belong to the subfamily Calaphidinae, a diverse group of aphids found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere.
Paraterelliina
Paraterelliina is a subtribe of fruit flies within the family Tephritidae, established by Korneyev in 1995. It belongs to the tribe Carpomyini in the subfamily Trypetinae. The subtribe contains genera of small to medium-sized tephritid flies, though the constituent genera and species-level composition remain incompletely documented in public sources.
Pentodontini
rhinoceros beetles
Pentodontini is the most diverse tribe within the subfamily Dynastinae (rhinoceros beetles), containing over 100 genera distributed across multiple biogeographic regions. Most genera are restricted to a single biogeographic region. The tribe is characterized by substantial morphological diversity, with generic-level identification often relying on mouthpart morphology in females and secondary sexual characters (horns, claw modifications, antennal club length) in males.
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Pericalina is a subtribe of ground beetles (Carabidae: Lebiinae: Lebiini) comprising arboreal species distributed across tropical and subtropical forests of the New World and Asia. The subtribe includes several complexes distinguished by morphological characters of the mouthparts, pronotum, and ovipositor. New World eucheiloid members are characterized by securiform labial palpomere 3, serrate-setose pronotal margins, and flattened stylomere 2 of the ovipositor. Asian members such as Pericalus exhibit flattened body forms adapted for life under bark. The group has undergone significant diversification in tropical South America with subsequent northward dispersal into Central America and independent radiations in Asia.
Sericomyiina
Sericomyiina is a subtribe of hoverflies within the family Syrphidae. Members are small to medium-sized flies, often with metallic coloration. The subtribe includes the genera Sericomyia and Arctophila, which are found primarily in temperate and boreal regions.
Siettitiina
Siettitiina is a subtribe of diving beetles (family Dytiscidae) established by Smrz in 1982. It belongs to the subfamily Hydroporinae and tribe Hydroporini. The group includes the genus Iberoporus, which contains the first known stygobiont beetle species from Portugal, Iberoporus pluto, discovered in 2019. Members of this subtribe are associated with subterranean and groundwater habitats.
Sphecophagina
Sphecophagina is a subtribe of ichneumonid wasps within the family Ichneumonidae. Members are parasitoid wasps, with larvae developing inside or on other arthropod hosts. The subtribe is part of the diverse ichneumonid radiation, one of the largest families of wasps.
Spilosomina
Spilosomina is a subtribe of tiger moths within the tribe Arctiini of the family Erebidae. Members are commonly known as tiger moths and often exhibit aposematic coloration. The subtribe was formerly classified as the tribe Spilosomini in the family Arctiidae before taxonomic revision. It contains numerous genera, though the complete list remains unresolved due to unassigned arctiine genera.
Stenolophina
seedcorn beetles (for genus Stenolophus)
Stenolophina is a subtribe of ground beetles in the family Carabidae, comprising approximately 9 genera and at least 50 described species. The subtribe includes the genus Stenolophus, commonly known as seedcorn beetles. Members are small to medium-sized carabids found in diverse terrestrial habitats.
Stilicopsina
Stilicopsina is a subtribe of rove beetles (Staphylinidae) established by Casey in 1905, classified within the tribe Lathrobiini and subfamily Paederinae. As a subtribe, it represents a grouping of genera sharing derived morphological characteristics that distinguish them from other Lathrobiini. The subtribe is part of the megadiverse Staphylinidae family, one of the largest families of organisms. Species within Stilicopsina are small to medium-sized beetles with the characteristic reduced elytra and exposed abdominal segments typical of rove beetles. The subtribe has been documented in iNaturalist with over 100 observations, indicating some level of field detectability.
Tachyina
Tachyina is a subtribe of small ground beetles (Carabidae: Trechinae: Bembidiini) established by Motschulsky in 1862. Members include diminutive species typically measuring 2–3 mm in body length. The subtribe contains genera such as Tachyura, characterized by distinctive male genitalic morphology and specific puncture patterns on the elytra. Taxonomic revisions continue to clarify species boundaries and the availability of historical infrasubspecific names.
Trachyderina
Trachyderina is a subtribe of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) within the tribe Trachyderini and subfamily Cerambycinae. The subtribe includes numerous genera and species distributed primarily in the Americas, with many members exhibiting robust body forms and often striking coloration patterns. These beetles are characterized by their relatively large size among cerambycines and diverse ecological associations with woody plants.
Trichonychina
Trichonychina is a subtribe of minute rove beetles within the subfamily Pselaphinae, family Staphylinidae. Members of this subtribe are characterized by their small body size and are part of the diverse Euplectitae supertribe. The subtribe was established by Reitter in 1882 and contains multiple genera of these cryptic beetles. Pselaphinae beetles are generally associated with leaf litter and soil habitats, though specific ecological data for Trichonychina as a whole is limited.
Trimiina
Trimiina is a subtribe of rove beetles (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) established by Brendel & Wickham in 1890. Members of this subtribe belong to the tribe Trichonychini within the diverse subfamily Pselaphinae, a group characterized by small body size and often complex morphology associated with life in leaf litter and soil habitats. The subtribe is rarely referenced in general literature and is primarily documented in taxonomic catalogs.
Tropidiina
Tropidiina is a subtribe of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) containing 11 genera. Recent phylogenetic studies indicate it is sister to the tribe Eristalini, revealing that Milesiini as currently defined is polyphyletic. Members are characterized by a thickened hind femur and a body that narrows progressively from rear to head. The subtribe has broad geographic distribution with highest diversity in the Americas and Europe.
Xanthopygina
Xanthopygina is a subtribe of rove beetles (Staphylinidae) containing approximately 334 species distributed across the Neotropical region from the southern United States to Argentina. Species within this subtribe are frequently encountered in tropical forests and can be abundant in various microhabitats. The subtribe has been the subject of extensive taxonomic revision due to historically poorly defined genera, particularly the genus Gastrisus, which accumulated morphologically disparate species without clear diagnostic boundaries. Recent phylogenomic studies have resolved relationships within Xanthopygina, identifying nine major lineages and clarifying generic limits.