Coccinellidae
Guides
Adalia
ladybugs, lady beetles, ladybirds
Adalia is a genus of lady beetles (Coccinellidae) containing two species: A. bipunctata (two-spot ladybird) and A. decempunctata (ten-spot ladybird). These beetles are aphid predators found across the Palearctic region. Both species exhibit color pattern polymorphism and possess alkaloid chemical defenses. A. bipunctata is known to harbor multiple male-killing symbionts including Wolbachia, Rickettsia, and Spiroplasma, though symbiont phenotypes vary geographically.
Anatis
Giant Lady Beetles
Anatis is a genus of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) commonly known as "giant lady beetles." The genus contains approximately ten extant species distributed primarily in North America, with at least two fossil species described. Members are relatively large compared to most lady beetles and are predatory as adults and larvae. The genus includes notable species such as Anatis mali and Anatis labiculata, which have been studied for their biological control potential.
Anatis mali
Eye-spotted Lady Beetle
Anatis mali, commonly known as the eye-spotted lady beetle, is a North American lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 7.3–10 mm in length and display variable coloration from yellow to brownish red with black markings. The species has been documented as a specialized predator of aphids in balsam fir plantations, where it plays a significant role in biological control. Research indicates that larvae require approximately 296 aphids to complete development and pupate.
Aphidecta
larch ladybird, larch ladybug
Aphidecta is a genus of Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) containing at least one well-documented species, A. obliterata, commonly known as the larch ladybird. Members are specialized predators of conifer-infesting adelgids and aphids. The genus has been the subject of biological control research, particularly for management of balsam woolly aphid.
Arawana
Arawana is a genus of ladybirds (family Coccinellidae) established by Leng in 1908. It belongs to the subfamily Chilocorinae and tribe Chilocorini, a group known for often being scale-feeding specialists. The genus contains at least four described species distributed in the Americas, with Arawana arizonica being the type species. Species were historically described under other genera before being transferred to Arawana.
Arawana arizonica
Arawana arizonica is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, measuring 3.25–3.50 mm in length. Adults are black or piceous with a distinctive red spot on each elytron. The species is known only from Arizona in southwestern North America.
Axion plagiatum
Twice-struck Lady Beetle
Axion plagiatum is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is commonly known as the Twice-struck Lady Beetle. The species occurs in the Caribbean and North America, with records from Louisiana to Oregon and southern California. Adults can be distinguished from the closely related Axion tripustulatum by the absence of a sutural spot on the elytron.
Azya
Azya is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) comprising approximately 12 described species. The genus is notable for its unusual coloration—many species display cobalt blue rather than the typical red-orange-and-black pattern of most coccinellids. Azya species are predators of scale insects, particularly in agricultural settings. The genus was established by Mulsant in 1850 and occurs primarily in the Neotropics.
Azya orbigera
globe-marked lady beetle
Azya orbigera, commonly known as the globe-marked lady beetle, is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. It is distinguished by its unusual cobalt blue coloration and dense dorsal pubescence, which contrast sharply with the typical red-and-black pattern of most lady beetles. Adults measure 2.90–4.25 mm in length and possess a yellow head with greenish-black dorsum and a characteristic round discal spot on each elytron. The species has a broad distribution across North America, Oceania, and South America, with two recognized subspecies.
Blaisdelliana sexualis
Pitch Lady Beetle
Blaisdelliana sexualis is a minute lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) found in the southwestern United States. Adults measure approximately 1.25–1.78 mm in length. The species has been recorded from California and Arizona, where it inhabits arid and semi-arid environments. Little is known of its biology beyond basic morphological description.
Brachiacantha arizonica
Arizona lady beetle, Arizona Spurleg
Brachiacantha arizonica, known as the Arizona lady beetle, is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.90–3.60 mm in length. The species is characterized by distinctive coloration: a yellow anterior margin and anterolateral angle on the pronotum, with black elytra bearing four yellow spots. It has been recorded from Arizona in North America.
Brachiacantha barberi
Barber's lady beetle
Brachiacantha barberi is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, tribe Hyperaspidini. It belongs to the dentipes group within the genus Brachiacantha. The species was described by Gordon in 1985 and is named for H. S. Barber. It is known from North America, with records from Texas and additional Neotropical localities reported in taxonomic revisions.
Brachiacantha bollii
Boll's lady beetle, Confluent-spotted Spurleg
Brachiacantha bollii, commonly known as Boll's lady beetle, is a small species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.40–3 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotal coloration: males have a black pronotum with the anterior one-third yellow, while females have a black pronotum with a yellow anterolateral angle. The elytra display five large round spots. It has been recorded from Louisiana and Texas in North America.
Brachiacantha decora
Decorated Spurleg, decorated lady beetle
Brachiacantha decora Casey, 1899 is a North American lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) historically recognized as a distinct species. A 2020 taxonomic revision synonymized it with Brachiacantha bistripustulata (Fabricius, 1801), rendering B. decora a junior synonym. The species belongs to the dentipes species group within Brachiacantha. No independent biological data exist for B. decora as a separate taxon; all ecological information refers to the synonymized B. bistripustulata.
Brachiacantha dentipes
Brachiacantha dentipes is a small lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) native to North America. Adults measure 4.75–6.30 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration: males have a black pronotum with yellow or orange anterior margin and lateral areas, while females have a similar pattern but with a black anterior margin. The elytra are black with an orange or yellow apical spot and a median band. The subspecies B. dentipes americana Leng, 1911 has been synonymized with the nominate form.
Brachiacantha felina
Orange-spotted Lady Beetle
Brachiacantha felina is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, native to eastern and central North America. Adults measure 2.2–3 mm and exhibit distinct sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration. The species is known from scattered records across its range, with relatively few observations documented.
Brachiacantha indubitabilis
Small-spotted Spurleg
Brachiacantha indubitabilis is a minute lady beetle (Coccinellidae) distinguished by strong sexual dimorphism in coloration. Males display a yellow head and black pronotum with yellow anterior margin, while females have a yellowish-brown head and laterally yellow pronotum. Both sexes share black elytra marked with three yellow spots. The species is recorded from the northeastern and midwestern United States.
Brachiacantha lepida
Lepidine Spurleg Lady Beetle
Brachiacantha lepida is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.50–3.60 mm in length. The species is known from Central America, with records from Mexico to Costa Rica. It is distinguished by specific coloration patterns on the head, pronotum, and elytra.
Brachiacantha quadrillum
Corner-spotted Spurleg
Brachiacantha quadrillum is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, first described by LeConte in 1858. It belongs to the dentipes group within the genus Brachiacantha. The species is known from North America, with records from Texas and additional Neotropical localities documented in recent taxonomic revisions. Adults are characterized by distinctive coloration on the pronotum and elytra.
Brachiacantha quadripunctata
Four-spotted Spurleg
Brachiacantha quadripunctata is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, native to North America. Adults measure 2.5–4.0 mm and exhibit distinct sexual dimorphism in head coloration and elytral spot patterns. The species comprises two recognized subspecies with partially overlapping but distinct geographic ranges in the eastern and southeastern United States.
Brachiacantha quadripunctata flavifrons
A subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, distinguished by its yellowish frontal coloration. The specific epithet "flavifrons" (meaning yellow forehead) refers to this distinguishing facial characteristic. It belongs to a genus of small, often inconspicuous lady beetles that are typically associated with forest habitats and leaf litter environments.
Brachiacantha quadripunctata quadripunctata
Brachiacantha quadripunctata quadripunctata is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America and has been documented in the northeastern United States, including Vermont. The species belongs to a genus characterized by small, often dark-colored lady beetles with distinctive markings.
Brachiacantha rotunda
Brachiacantha rotunda is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, described by Gordon in 1985. The species name refers to its rounded body form. Adults measure approximately 3.10–4.00 mm in length. The species has been recorded from multiple states and provinces in eastern North America.
Brachiacantha stephani
Stephan's lady beetle
Brachiacantha stephani, known as Stephan's lady beetle, is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults exhibit distinctive coloration with black bodies marked by yellow and reddish-orange patterns on the pronotum and elytra. The species is known from a limited geographic range in North America, specifically recorded from Arizona. It is named in honor of Karl Stephan, collector of part of the type series.
Brachiacantha tau
t-marked larkspur lady beetle, T-marked Spurleg
Brachiacantha tau is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) measuring approximately 2–3 mm in length. Adults are oval and shiny. The species is notable for its larval biology: larvae feed on scale insects within ant colonies, making them rarely observed. Adults are sometimes found on flowers or hunting in foliage. The specific epithet "tau" refers to a T-shaped marking on the species.
Brachiacantha testudo
Turtle Lady, Texas Ten-spotted Spurleg
A small North American lady beetle distinguished by its distinctive spotted pattern and turtle-like appearance. Adults measure 2.25–3.30 mm. The species has been recorded from Texas and is known by two common names reflecting its appearance and distribution.
Brachiacantha ursina
ursine spurleg lady beetle, orange-spotted lady beetle
A small North American lady beetle, 3–4 mm in length, recognized by the male's black pronotum with yellow anterior margin and five yellow spots on each elytron. The species has been recorded from Nova Scotia to South Carolina, west to Manitoba and Iowa. It belongs to the genus Brachiacantha, which is characterized by modified hind legs in males.
Brumoides histrio
Lepine Lady Beetle
Brumoides histrio is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the Lepine Lady Beetle. Adults measure 2.75–4.0 mm in length. The species is native to North America, with documented records from Utah to Arizona and southern California. Its color pattern resembles that of the related species Brumoides septentrionis.
Brumoides septentrionis
Winter Lady Beetle
Brumoides septentrionis is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) native to North America. Adults measure approximately 2.9–3 mm in length. The species exhibits distinctive coloration with black markings on a yellowish-brown to red elytral background. It is known by the common name 'Winter Lady Beetle' and comprises three recognized subspecies with distinct geographic ranges across North America.
Brumoides septentrionis hogei
Brumoides septentrionis hogei is a subspecies of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by Gorham in 1894. It belongs to the genus Brumoides, a group of small, elongate lady beetles often associated with scale insects. The subspecific designation indicates geographic or morphological differentiation within the widespread species B. septentrionis. Very few observations exist in citizen science databases, suggesting either genuine rarity or undercollection.
Brumus
Brumus is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) established by Mulsant in 1850. The genus contains approximately 10 described species distributed across Europe, Asia, and Africa. Species in this genus are generally small to medium-sized coccinellids with somewhat elongated body forms compared to the more rounded typical lady beetles.
Brumus quadripustulatus
Cream-spot ladybird, Cream-spot lady beetle
Brumus quadripustulatus is a small ladybird beetle native to Europe and northern Asia, now established in North America. It is recognized by its distinctive cream-colored spots on a dark, nearly black background. The species inhabits various wooded and shrubby environments and has been observed preying on aphids and scale insects.
Calvia quatuordecimguttata
cream-spot ladybird, cream-spotted ladybird, polkadot ladybird, eighteen spot ladybird
A small Holarctic ladybird measuring 4–5.5 mm, highly variable in coloration across its range. In Europe it appears maroon-brown with fourteen cream spots; in North America and eastern Asia, color forms range from black with white spots to yellow or pink with eighteen large blotches. It inhabits deciduous woodlands, hedgerows, and ruderal areas, overwintering in bark crevices and leaf litter.
Carinodulinka
Carinodulinka is a genus of beetles in the family Coccinellidae, established by Slipinski and Tomaszewska in 2002. The genus is currently classified as doubtful in GBIF, indicating taxonomic uncertainty or pending revision. No species observations have been recorded in iNaturalist, and little published information is available regarding its biology or distribution. It belongs to the lady beetle family but its precise placement and distinguishing characteristics remain poorly documented.
Cephaloscymnus zimmermanni
Zimmermann's lady beetle
Cephaloscymnus zimmermanni is a minute lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.15–2.40 mm in length with a dark piceous to black body. The species occurs in eastern North America, with records from Washington D.C., Ohio, Indiana, Maryland, New Jersey, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, a group of small predatory lady beetles.
Chilocorinae
Scale-feeding Lady Beetles
Chilocorinae are a subfamily of lady beetles (Coccinellidae) commonly known as scale-feeding lady beetles. They are specialized predators of scale insects, though some species have been observed feeding on cowpea aphids. Members are typically medium-sized with shiny, often unmarked elytra and rounded, helmet-shaped bodies. They exhibit defensive reflex bleeding when disturbed and may form winter aggregations.
Chilocorus bipustulatus
heather ladybird, heather lady beetle
Chilocorus bipustulatus is a small lady beetle in the subfamily Chilocorinae, commonly known as the heather ladybird. It is widely distributed across the Palearctic and has been introduced to tropical Africa, Hawaii, and North America for biological control. The species is recognized by its shiny brown elytra with two reddish-orange spots. Both adults and larvae are specialist predators of scale insects, particularly armored scales (Diaspididae), and are used commercially to manage scale infestations in orchards and forests.
Chilocorus cacti
cactus lady beetle, twice-stabbed cactus lady beetle
Chilocorus cacti is a small predatory lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, native to the New World and introduced to several regions including South Africa, India, and New Zealand. Both adults and larvae are specialized predators of scale insects, with documented consumption of numerous agricultural pest species. The species has been evaluated for biological control programs with variable success. Its common name derives from its frequent association with prickly pear cacti and the distinctive two reddish-brown spots on its otherwise black elytra.
Chilocorus nigrita
black ladybird beetle, black lady beetle
Chilocorus nigrita is a species of ladybird beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It belongs to the genus Chilocorus, which comprises small, often dark-colored ladybirds that feed primarily on scale insects. The species is known from forested habitats and is considered a beneficial predator in natural ecosystems. Unlike some commercially used ladybird species, Chilocorus nigrita is not widely sold for biological control purposes.
Chrysaster on-canavalia
Chrysaster on-canavalia is a species of lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) in the subfamily Chilocorinae. This species is known from limited documented records, primarily associated with tropical regions. It belongs to a genus characterized by small, often inconspicuous coccinellids that differ in morphology from the more familiar brightly colored lady beetles. The specific epithet references Canavalia, a legume genus, suggesting a potential ecological association.
Clitostethus
dusky lady beetles
Clitostethus is a genus of minute lady beetles (Coccinellidae: Scymninae) comprising over 40 species. Members are recognized as specialized predators of whiteflies (Aleyrodidae). Several species have been evaluated as biological control agents against agricultural pests including Bemisia tabaci and Siphoninus phillyreae. The genus was established by Weise in 1885 and includes species formerly classified under Nephaspis.
Clitostethus arcuatus
Horseshoe Ladybird
Clitostethus arcuatus is a minute ladybird beetle in the subfamily Scymninae, measuring 1.3–1.5 mm as an adult. Native to Europe, it has been introduced or reported from Bermuda and is expanding its range northward in European Russia. It serves as an important biological control agent of whitefly pests, particularly the ash whitefly Siphoninus phillyreae, and has been evaluated for augmentation biocontrol programs.
Coccidula lepida
snow lady beetle, black arrow lady beetle
Coccidula lepida is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, known by the common names snow lady beetle and black arrow lady beetle. Adults measure 2.75–3.45 mm in length and are characterized by yellow elytra with black spots, a black head, and yellow body coloration. The species is distributed across northern North America, with records from Quebec to New Jersey, west to Alaska and Colorado, and additional Canadian provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, and Manitoba.
Coccinella
ladybird, ladybug, lady beetle
Coccinella is a genus of lady beetles recognized by their convex, hemispherical bodies and typically red or orange elytra marked with black spots or bands. The genus contains approximately 94 species and occurs throughout the Northern Hemisphere, with greater diversity in Eurasia than North America. Several species, particularly C. septempunctata, are valued as biological control agents due to their predatory habits.
Coccinella alta
High-country Lady Beetle
Coccinella alta is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, first described by W.J. Brown in 1962. It is native to western North America, with confirmed records from Alberta, Utah, Colorado, and California. Adults measure approximately 4.80–5.30 mm in length and display distinctive black and pale coloration patterns on the head, pronotum, and elytra. The species appears to be associated with high-elevation or montane habitats, as suggested by its specific epithet and common name.
Coccinella californica
California Lady Beetle
Coccinella californica is a ladybird beetle endemic to coastal California. Adults measure 5.10–6.80 mm and are distinguished by predominantly red, usually spotless elytra and a mostly black thorax. The species plays a documented role in biological pest control in vineyard ecosystems.
Coccinella fulgida
Gleaming Lady Beetle
Coccinella fulgida is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, described by Watson in 1954. Adults measure 4.50–5.60 mm in length. The species is found in northern North America, with records from Alaska, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, and Quebec. It is among the less commonly documented members of the genus Coccinella.
Coccinella hieroglyphica
Hieroglyphic Lady Beetle, Hieroglyphic Ladybird, Hieroglyphic Ladybug
Coccinella hieroglyphica is a Palearctic lady beetle species associated with heath and moorland habitats, particularly on Ericaceae plants. It is distributed across northern Europe, extending beyond the Arctic Circle, through Russia and Siberia to East Asia. The species is aphidophagous, with populations showing considerable annual fluctuation. Adults are active from May through October and overwinter in coarse woody debris beneath pines and birches.
Coccinella hieroglyphica humboldtiensis
Coccinella hieroglyphica humboldtiensis is a subspecies of lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) described by Nunenmacher in 1912. It belongs to a species complex within the genus Coccinella that includes beetles with distinctive spot patterns. The subspecies designation humboldtiensis suggests a geographic association, likely with the Humboldt region of western North America. Very few observations of this subspecies have been documented, with only 3 records in iNaturalist as of the data cutoff.
Coccinella hieroglyphica kirbyi
Coccinella hieroglyphica kirbyi is a subspecies of hieroglyphic lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is classified within the diverse genus Coccinella, which includes numerous aphid-feeding species distributed across North America, Europe, and Asia. This subspecies represents part of the broader C. hieroglyphica complex found across northern regions.
Coccinella hieroglyphica mannerheimi
Coccinella hieroglyphica mannerheimi is a subspecies of hieroglyphic lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is part of the Coccinella hieroglyphica species complex, which is characterized by distinctive elytral markings. The subspecies was described by Mulsant in 1850. It occurs across parts of Europe, Northern Asia, and North America.
Coccinella monticola
mountain lady beetle, Tamarack ladybug
Coccinella monticola is a species of lady beetle native to western North America, with disjunct populations in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. Adults measure 5.2 to 7 mm in length and are distinguished by two oval spots on each elytron plus a single spot behind the head. The species is known to occur in montane and northern forest habitats, including areas with tamarack (Larix laricina), which contributes to one of its common names. It can be confused with the similar Coccinella difficilis.
Coccinella prolongata
Prolongate Lady Beetle
Coccinella prolongata, the prolongate lady beetle, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is a small beetle measuring 5.7–7 mm in length, with distinctive black and pale markings on the head, pronotum, and elytra. The species is native to western North America and comprises three recognized subspecies with somewhat different geographic ranges. Like other members of the genus Coccinella, it is presumed to be a predator of soft-bodied insects such as aphids.
Coccinella trifasciata perplexa
American Three-banded Lady Beetle
Coccinella trifasciata perplexa is a subspecies of three-banded lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It occurs in North America and has been documented as a host for the parasitoid wasp Perilitus coccinellae in Ontario, where approximately 7% of adult beetles were parasitized in field studies. The subspecies is part of a broader species complex with distribution across multiple continents.
Coelophora
Coelophora is a genus of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) established by Mulsant in 1850, containing approximately 14 described species distributed across Asia, Australia, and surrounding regions. Members of this genus are predominantly aphidophagous predators, with several species studied for their potential as biological control agents in agricultural systems. The genus exhibits notable colour pattern polymorphism, particularly in Coelophora inaequalis, where multiple elytral pattern morphs are controlled by alleles showing mosaic dominance. Some species have been transferred to other genera upon taxonomic revision, such as Coelophora circumusta moved to Phrynocaria.
Coleomegilla
Coleomegilla is a genus of lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae native to the Americas. The genus contains at least five described species, with Coleomegilla maculata (the pink-spotted or twelve-spotted lady beetle) being the most studied and economically significant. Members of this genus are generalist predators used in biological control programs, with C. maculata being notable as the only North American lady beetle known to complete its life cycle on plant pollen alone. The genus is distinguished from other coccinellids by its elongated body form and distinctive pink or reddish coloration with black spotting.
Coleomegilla maculata
spotted pink lady beetle, spotted lady beetle, pink spotted lady beetle, twelve-spotted lady beetle
Coleomegilla maculata is a native North American coccinellid beetle widely used in biological control programs. Adults and larvae are primarily aphid predators, though this species is unusual among North American lady beetles in its facultative pollen-feeding habit—pollen may constitute up to 50% of adult diet. The species shows increasing abundance and westward range expansion while many native coccinellids are declining, possibly due to its dietary flexibility reducing competitive impacts from invasive species. Multiple subspecies exist, with C. m. fuscilabris distinguished by bright orange-red rather than pink coloration.
Coleomegilla maculata fuscilabris
Spotted Orange Lady Beetle
Coleomegilla maculata fuscilabris is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It belongs to a genus notable for having up to 50 percent of its diet composed of plant pollen, a unique trait among North American lady beetles. The species-level characteristics of this subspecies are not well documented in available sources.
Cryptognatha
Cryptognatha is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) established by Mulsant in 1850. The genus contains at least 40 described species, with members distributed across tropical and subtropical regions. At least one species, Cryptognatha nodiceps, has been studied as a potential biological control agent against scale insects.
Cryptognatha nodiceps
coconut scale predator, sugarcane scale predator
Cryptognatha nodiceps is a small lady beetle introduced to multiple tropical and subtropical regions as a biological control agent targeting scale insects. Native to Trinidad and Tobago, it has established populations across the Caribbean, Florida, and various Pacific and Indian Ocean islands. Both larvae and adults are specialized predators of armored and soft scales, particularly the coconut scale (Aspidiotus destructor). The species has been deliberately released in numerous countries to manage coconut scale outbreaks in coconut-growing regions.
Cryptolaemus
Cryptolaemus is a genus of predatory lady beetles (Coccinellidae) native to eastern Australia, New Guinea, and Indonesia. The genus contains approximately 40 species, with Cryptolaemus montrouzieri being the most widely known and commercially important. Both larvae and adults prey primarily upon mealybugs and other scale insects. C. montrouzieri has been introduced globally as a biological control agent and is commonly known as the mealybug destroyer.
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri
Mealybug Destroyer, Mealybug Ladybird
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri is a small ladybird beetle native to eastern Australia, widely used as a biological control agent against mealybugs and scale insects in agricultural and horticultural systems globally. Adults are approximately 6 mm long with dark brown elytra and orange-brown head, pronotum, and appendages. Larvae reach 14–15 mm and are covered in white waxy filaments that provide aggressive mimicry of their mealybug prey, potentially protecting them from ant aggression. The species has been introduced to numerous regions including California (1891), Europe, and New Zealand for classical biological control of citrus mealybug and related pests.
Curinus
Curinus is a genus of lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae, established by Mulsant in 1850. The genus contains at least one described species, Curinus coeruleus, commonly known as the metallic blue ladybeetle. Curinus coeruleus has been studied as a biological control agent for armored scale insects in citrus production systems.
Cycloneda
Spotless Lady Beetles
Cycloneda is a genus of lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as spotless lady beetles. The genus contains approximately 18–20 described species distributed primarily in the Americas. Members of this genus are recognized by their typically unmarked, polished elytra lacking the spots characteristic of many other coccinellids. They are predatory beetles that feed on soft-bodied insects, particularly aphids and spider mites, and are valued as biological control agents in agricultural and garden settings.
Cycloneda emarginata
Cycloneda emarginata is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. The species was described by Mulsant in 1850, originally placed in the genus Coccinella. Records indicate occurrence in South America, including Brazil (Santa Catarina) and Colombia across multiple departments. The genus Cycloneda contains species commonly known as spotless lady beetles, characterized by unmarked or minimally marked elytra.
Cycloneda polita
Western Polished Lady Beetle, Western Blood-red Lady Beetle, Polished Ladybug, Western Spotless Ladybird Beetle
Cycloneda polita is a small, spotless lady beetle native to western North America. Unlike most lady beetles, it lacks the characteristic spots on its elytra, presenting a uniform red or orange-red appearance. The species is commonly found in diverse habitats ranging from grasslands to forest edges, where it preys on aphids and other small soft-bodied insects. It is one of the most frequently observed lady beetles in its range, with over 6,000 documented observations on citizen science platforms.
Cycloneda sanguinea
Spotless Lady Beetle, Spotless Ladybug
Cycloneda sanguinea, commonly known as the spotless lady beetle, is a widespread ladybird beetle native to the Americas. It is distinguished by its lack of spots on the elytra, with coloration ranging from orange to deep red. The species is a voracious predator of aphids and other soft-bodied insects, making it valuable for biological control in agricultural systems. Adults and larvae both actively hunt prey, with females using volatile chemical cues to assess patch quality and avoid competitor-rich habitats. Recent research has also identified C. sanguinea as a potential vector for dispersing plant pathogens in soybean fields.
Decadiomus bahamicus
Rubin Vase Lady Beetle
Decadiomus bahamicus is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to the Caribbean region and has been recorded in southern Florida. The species is known by the common name "Rubin Vase Lady Beetle." Knowledge of this species is limited, with few documented observations.
Delphastus
whitefly destroyers
Delphastus is a genus of small predatory lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae, tribe Serangiini. The genus contains approximately 7-20 described species, with several species commercially utilized as biological control agents of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in agricultural and ornamental systems. Species such as D. catalinae, D. pusillus, and D. pallidus are well-documented predators of immature whitefly stages, feeding on eggs and nymphs of multiple whitefly species including Bemisia tabaci, B. argentifolii, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and Singhiella simplex. The genus is characterized by specialized predatory behavior on whiteflies, with documented functional response curves and prey preferences varying by species and whitefly life stage.
Delphastus catalinae
Whitefly Predatory Lady Beetle
Delphastus catalinae is a minute predatory lady beetle (Coccinellidae) specialized in feeding on whiteflies (Aleyrodidae). Adults measure 1.40–1.50 mm with a medium reddish-brown body and slightly darker median pronotum. The species name derives from Latin 'catalinae' meaning fierce, referring to its forbidding head and mouthpart appearance. It is widely used as a biological control agent against pest whiteflies including Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, and Aleurothrixus trachoides in agricultural systems. Mass rearing protocols have been developed using whitefly-infested poinsettia plants, with production costs estimated at $0.22 per adult beetle.
Delphastus pusillus
Whitefly Destroyer
Delphastus pusillus is a minute coccinellid beetle specialized as a predator of whiteflies. Adults measure approximately 1.6 mm (1/16 in) and are shiny black with brown heads, though newly emerged individuals appear pale brown to nearly white. The species is a voracious predator of all whitefly life stages, with demonstrated preference for eggs and first-instar nymphs. It has been widely studied as a biological control agent for agricultural whitefly pests including Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Both larvae and adults are active predators capable of consuming over 100 whitefly eggs daily under optimal conditions.
Didion longulum
dusky lady beetle
Didion longulum is a species of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) in the genus Didion, characterized by its dull, non-reflective coloration that distinguishes it from the typically bright, spotted lady beetles. The species is native to North America and has been documented in western Canada including Alberta and British Columbia. Like other members of its genus, it belongs to a group sometimes referred to as "dusky lady beetles" due to their subdued appearance. The genus Didion is relatively small and understudied compared to more familiar lady beetle genera.
Didion punctatum
twice-stained miniature, twice-stained ladybug
Didion punctatum is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, native to North America. It is commonly known as the "twice-stained miniature" or "twice-stained ladybug." The species has been recorded in Canadian provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, and Manitoba. It belongs to the dusky lady beetle group, which are generally smaller and less brightly colored than the familiar spotted ladybugs.
Diomus
lady beetles, ladybirds
Diomus is a genus of small lady beetles (Coccinellidae) comprising at least 20 described species. Species within this genus exhibit diverse ecological strategies, including generalist predation on mealybugs and aphids, as well as specialized myrmecophilous associations. Several species have been evaluated or employed as biological control agents against agricultural pests such as the papaya mealybug (Paracoccus marginatus), yellow sugarcane aphid (Sipha flava), and cassava mealybug (Phenacoccus manihoti). The genus shows notable variation in habitat associations, from agricultural crops to ant nests.
Diomus amabilis
amiable lady
Diomus amabilis, commonly known as the amiable lady, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America, with distribution records from Canada including Nova Scotia and Québec. The species was first described by LeConte in 1852. As a member of the genus Diomus, it belongs to a group of small lady beetles that are generally less conspicuous than the larger, more commonly recognized Coccinellinae.
Diomus debilis
lady beetle
Diomus debilis is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1852. The species is documented from North America and Oceania, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain sparse. Like other members of the genus Diomus, it is likely a predator of small arthropods, but direct observations of its feeding habits have not been published.
Diomus liebecki
Liebeck's lady
Diomus liebecki, commonly known as Liebeck's lady, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It was described by Horn in 1895. The species is found in North America, with distribution records from Manitoba and Ontario, Canada.
Diomus terminatus
Firefly Duskyling
Diomus terminatus is a minute lady beetle native to eastern North America, measuring 1.5–2 mm. It has been evaluated for biological control of sugarcane aphids, particularly Melanaphis sacchari and Sipha flava. Laboratory studies confirm its complete development on aphid prey, with a generation time of approximately 12 days from egg to adult at 26°C.
Diomus texanus
Diomus texanus is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America. The species was described by Gordon in 1976. Very little specific information about its biology or ecology has been documented in the available literature.
Egius platycephalus
Yellow-crested Aegis
Egius platycephalus is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, representing the sole member of the genus Egius. The species is known from both native and introduced ranges, with established populations in Hawaii and the continental United States. It is commonly referred to as the Yellow-crested Aegis.
Epilachna tredecimnotata
Southern Squash Lady Beetle
Epilachna tredecimnotata is a phytophagous lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the southern squash lady beetle. Adults measure 6.75–10 mm in length and are distinguished from related species by their relatively small elytral spots. The species occurs across the Caribbean, Central America, South America, and southwestern North America (western Texas to Arizona). Like other members of the genus Epilachna, it feeds on plant material rather than other insects.
Epilachninae
leaf-feeding lady beetles, phytophagous lady beetles
Epilachninae is a subfamily of lady beetles (Coccinellidae) distinguished from other coccinellids by their herbivorous diet. Adults superficially resemble predatory lady beetles but feed exclusively on plant material, making several species significant agricultural pests. The subfamily comprises approximately 16% of described Coccinellidae species. Larvae are covered with bands of spiny projections, unlike the smooth larvae of predatory coccinellids. Many species are monophagous or narrowly oligophagous, feeding on specific host plants within Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and other families. Some species, particularly in the genus Henosepilachna, have been introduced to new regions where they have become invasive pests of solanaceous crops.
Exochomus
Exochomus is a genus of lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae, first described by Redtenbacher in 1843. The genus comprises at least 77 recognized species distributed globally. Multiple species have been studied as biological control agents against mealybugs and other soft-bodied pests in agricultural and forestry systems. Research has focused particularly on E. nigripennis in Egypt and E. flaviventris in Central Africa as predators of invasive mealybug species.
Exochomus aethiops
Ebony Shield Lady Beetle, round black ladybug
Exochomus aethiops is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the round black ladybug or Ebony Shield Lady Beetle. Adults measure 3–4.2 mm in length and are uniformly black with yellowish brown antennae and mouthparts. The species occurs across Central America and North America, with records from South Dakota to New Mexico, west to Alberta and southern California.
Exochomus californicus Casey, 1899
Exochomus californicus is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, described by Casey in 1899. Adults measure 3.5–4 mm in length and display distinctive coloration with black or brown elytra marked by yellow to orange patterns. The species has been documented across a restricted range in western North America, from Washington through Nevada to northern California. Like other members of Coccinellidae, it is presumed to be predatory, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Exochomus childreni childreni
Exochomus childreni childreni is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, distributed across North America. Members of the genus Exochomus are generally recognized as small to medium-sized lady beetles with somewhat elongated body forms compared to the more rounded Coccinella species. This subspecies belongs to a group of coccinellids that often occupy coniferous and mixed forest habitats. Specific biological details for this subspecies remain limited in published literature.
Exochomus childreni guexi
Exochomus childreni guexi is a subspecies of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1852. It belongs to the genus Exochomus, a group of lady beetles characterized by their elongated body form and often dark coloration with contrasting markings. The subspecies is recognized as part of the North American fauna, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in the literature.
Gnathoweisea texana
Gnathoweisea texana is a species of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by Gordon in 1985. It is native to North America, with the specific epithet suggesting a connection to Texas. Like other members of its family, it is likely a small, predatory beetle, though detailed ecological studies appear limited.
Harmonia
Greater Lady Beetles
Harmonia is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) commonly known as Greater Lady Beetles. The genus includes the widely introduced Multicolored Asian Lady Beetle (Harmonia axyridis), which has become established across North America and other regions as a biological control agent for aphids and other soft-bodied pests. Members of this genus are predatory beetles with highly variable coloration and spot patterns. The genus is native to Asia, with some species now distributed globally due to intentional introductions for pest management.
Helesius
Helesius is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) containing two described species: Helesius nigripennis and Helesius nubilans. The genus was established by Casey in 1899. These beetles are part of the diverse Coccinellidae family, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Helesius nigripennis
Helesius nigripennis is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) found in western North America. Adults measure approximately 2.45–3 mm in length and exhibit distinctive coloration with a red head and pronotal markings contrasting against black or dark brown elytra. The species has been recorded from Colorado and Montana.
Helesius nubilans
Helesius nubilans is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.8–3 mm in length. The species is known from a limited number of records in North America, specifically Texas. Its small size and distinctive coloration distinguish it from larger, more commonly encountered lady beetles.
Hippodamia
Oblong Lady Beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs
Hippodamia is a genus of lady beetles (Coccinellidae) containing several economically important species. The most common native North American species is H. convergens, which forms overwintering aggregations numbering in the millions and is widely used in biological control. Another notable species, H. variegata, has a cosmopolitan distribution across both hemispheres. Members of this genus are primarily aphidophagous predators valued in agriculture for pest management.
Hippodamia americana
American lady beetle
Hippodamia americana is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 4.40–5.10 mm in length. The species has been recorded from western and central Canada and the north-central United States, including Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Saskatchewan, and Wisconsin. Published observations of this species are limited, with only six records documented on iNaturalist.
Hippodamia arctica
Arctic lady beetle
Hippodamia arctica is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae with a Holarctic distribution spanning Europe, Northern Asia (excluding China), and North America. Adults measure approximately 4–4.5 mm and display a distinctive black body with yellowish-red markings. The species inhabits northern boreal and arctic-alpine regions, with records from British Columbia, Labrador, Yukon, Alaska, and across northern Eurasia.
Hippodamia caseyi
Casey's lady beetle, Casey's ladybird
Hippodamia caseyi, commonly known as Casey's lady beetle, is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 4.80–6.70 mm in length. The species is native to western North America, with confirmed records from British Columbia, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Alberta. The pronotum sometimes displays pale spots. Like other members of the genus Hippodamia, it is likely a predator of small insects such as aphids, though specific ecological studies for this species are limited.
Hippodamia convergens
Convergent Lady Beetle, Convergent Ladybug
The convergent lady beetle is among the most common lady beetles in North America, recognized by the distinctive white converging lines on its pronotum. It is a voracious predator of aphids and other soft-bodied insects, with both larvae and adults actively hunting prey. The species exhibits complex life history traits including facultative reproductive diapause triggered by food scarcity, mass aggregations for overwintering in western mountain valleys, and long-distance migratory behavior. It is one of the few natural enemies commercially collected from wild aggregations for biological control distribution, though released beetles often disperse rapidly from release sites.
Hippodamia glacialis extensa
Hippodamia glacialis extensa is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It belongs to a genus widely recognized for its role as biological control agents of aphids and other soft-bodied insect pests. As a subspecies of H. glacialis, it is part of a taxon with a primarily northern distribution. The species H. glacialis is sometimes referred to by the common name 'glacial lady beetle' in reference to its association with cooler, higher-elevation habitats.
Hippodamia glacialis lecontei
Leconte's lady beetle, glacial lady beetle (Leconte's form)
Hippodamia glacialis lecontei is a subspecies of lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) native to North America. It belongs to a genus widely recognized for its role as aphid predators in agricultural and natural ecosystems. The subspecies epithet 'lecontei' honors the American entomologist John Lawrence LeConte. Like other Hippodamia species, it is a generalist predator, though specific ecological studies on this subspecies are limited compared to the well-studied convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens).
Hippodamia lunatomaculata
crescent lady beetle
Hippodamia lunatomaculata, commonly known as the crescent lady beetle, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is found in western North America, with records from British Columbia, Oregon, Washington, and California. Adults measure 4.15–5.60 mm in length. The species includes two recognized subspecies: H. l. lunatomaculata (restricted to California) and H. l. dobzhanskyi (found across the full range).
Hippodamia moesta
sorrowful lady beetle
Hippodamia moesta, commonly known as the sorrowful lady beetle, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to western North America and is characterized by its predominantly black elytra with a pale marginal spot and body length of 6–7.5 mm. The species includes three recognized subspecies with distinct geographic distributions.
Hippodamia moesta bowditchi
Bowditch's Lady Beetle
Hippodamia moesta bowditchi is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, described by Johnson in 1910. It is native to North America. As a member of the genus Hippodamia, it belongs to a group of predatory lady beetles commonly used in biological control of aphids and other soft-bodied insects. The subspecies designation indicates geographic or morphological variation within the broader H. moesta species complex.
Hippodamia moesta moesta
Sorrowful Lady Beetle
Hippodamia moesta moesta is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America and is commonly known as the Sorrowful Lady Beetle. The species belongs to a genus widely recognized for its role in biological control of agricultural pests. Limited specific information is available for this particular subspecies.
Hippodamia oregonensis
Oregon Lady Beetle
Hippodamia oregonensis is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 4–5 mm in length. The species is native to western North America and has been documented in Alberta, British Columbia, Colorado, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. It is distinguished by a black pronotum with yellow lateral and apical borders and elytra bearing black spots.
Hippodamia parenthesis
Parenthesis Lady Beetle
Hippodamia parenthesis, commonly known as the parenthesis lady beetle, is a small lady beetle species native to North America. Adults measure 3.75–5.60 mm in length and are distinguished by spotted elytra with apical spots that are often suffused. The species has been recorded across a broad geographic range from Nova Scotia to South Carolina, westward to Alaska and California. As a member of the genus Hippodamia, it is presumed to be predatory like congeners, though specific prey associations for this species are not well documented.
Hippodamia quindecimmaculata
Scarce Convergent Ladybeetle
Hippodamia quindecimmaculata is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, measuring 5-7 mm in length. It is characterized by pale spots on the pronotum and heavily maculate (spotted) elytra. The species has a limited known distribution in North America, with records from Ontario, Saskatchewan, and several midwestern and southern U.S. states including Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin. It appears to be relatively uncommon, with few documented observations.
Hippodamia quinquesignata ambigua
Pacific Five-spotted Lady Beetle
Hippodamia quinquesignata ambigua is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It occurs in western North America, with records from the Pacific region and introduced populations in Hawaii. The species is a generalist predator, feeding primarily on aphids and other small soft-bodied insects.
Hippodamia quinquesignata quinquesignata
Five-spot lady beetle, Five-spotted lady beetle
Hippodamia quinquesignata quinquesignata is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America, with records from Vermont and Hawaii. As a member of the genus Hippodamia, it shares characteristics with other species in this group, including predatory habits. The subspecies designation indicates geographic variation within the broader species H. quinquesignata.
Hippodamia sinuata sinuata
Hippodamia sinuata sinuata is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It belongs to a genus containing several species used in biological control of agricultural pests. The subspecies has been recorded from North America and Oceania. Like other Hippodamia species, it is likely a predator of soft-bodied insects, though specific ecological studies for this subspecies are limited.
Hippodamia washingtoni
Washington's Lady Beetle
Hippodamia washingtoni is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 5.40–6.70 mm in length. The species is known from a restricted range in the Pacific Northwest of North America.
Hyperaspidius hardyi
Hyperaspidius hardyi is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, described by Gordon in 1985. The species is known from California and is notable for its sexually dimorphic coloration, with males and females differing in head and pronotum pigmentation. It is one of approximately 20 species in the genus Hyperaspidius, a group of minute lady beetles found primarily in the Americas.
Hyperaspidius insignis Casey, 1899
Hyperaspidius insignis is a small lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) native to North America. Adults measure approximately 2.25–3.20 mm in length. The species has been recorded from Alberta, Saskatchewan, Colorado, and Oklahoma. It is characterized by distinctive coloration: a yellow pronotum with reddish-yellow spots, and black elytra with yellow borders and discal spots. The genus Hyperaspidius belongs to the tribe Hyperaspidini, which comprises small, often inconspicuous lady beetles.
Hyperaspidius marginatus
Hyperaspidius marginatus is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, first described by Gaines in 1933. Adults measure 1.75-2.40 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotal coloration. It is known from Texas and potentially broader North American distribution, though records remain sparse.
Hyperaspidius simulatus
Hyperaspidius simulatus is a minute lady beetle species described by Gordon in 1985. Adults measure approximately 1.6–1.7 mm in length. The species name refers to its resemblance to other Hyperaspidius species in dorsal coloration. It is known from California, North America.
Hyperaspidius venustulus
Eight-spotted Hyperaspidius
Hyperaspidius venustulus is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.80 mm. The species has been recorded from Georgia and is associated with big cordgrass (Spartina cynosuroides) stands, where it has been found with the mealybug Dysmicoccus dennoi. It is rarely collected and poorly known.
Hyperaspis
Sigil Lady Beetles
Hyperaspis is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) comprising more than 100 described species. Members are known as Sigil Lady Beetles. Species in this genus are predatory, with documented associations with scale insects and mealybugs. The genus has a wide distribution including North America and northern Europe, though individual species vary in range.
Hyperaspis aemulator
Hyperaspis aemulator is a small lady beetle in the tribe Hyperaspini, first described by Casey in 1908. Adults measure approximately 2.40–2.80 mm in length. The species is poorly documented, with only one observation recorded on iNaturalist and limited published information available.
Hyperaspis annexa
Hyperaspis annexa is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) native to North America, with records from California. Adults measure 2.0–2.75 mm and are characterized by black elytra with two yellow vittae. Males have a yellow anterior pronotal margin, sometimes black. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are notable predators of scale insects, though specific prey relationships for this species remain undocumented.
Hyperaspis bensonica
Hyperaspis bensonica is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae native to southwestern North America. Adults measure 1.90–2.90 mm and exhibit distinctive coloration: males have yellow lateral and anterior pronotal margins, and the elytra bear a discal spot and lateral vitta. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, this species is a predator of scale insects. The larvae produce waxy secretions that serve as protective camouflage, causing them to be frequently mistaken for mealybugs or scale insects.
Hyperaspis bolteri
A small North American lady beetle in the genus Hyperaspis, measuring 3.0–3.25 mm. Distinguished by a highly distinctive color pattern and an extremely dull pronotal surface. Like other members of its genus, it is likely a predator of scale insects, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited.
Hyperaspis brunnescens
Hyperaspis brunnescens is a small species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, described by Dobzhansky in 1941. It is native to North America and has been recorded from Illinois and Nova Scotia. Adults measure approximately 2.30–2.50 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration: males have a dull yellow pronotum, while females have a brownish black pronotum with a faint yellow lateral border. The elytra are brownish black with two longitudinal vittae (stripes).
Hyperaspis cincta
Corona Sigil Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis cincta is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, measuring approximately 2.0–2.6 mm in length. It is native to western North America, with confirmed records from California and Utah. Adults are distinguished from the similar Hyperaspis inflexa by their wider marginal vitta on the elytra. The genus Hyperaspis includes species known as predatory biocontrol agents of scale insects.
Hyperaspis conspirans
Hyperaspis conspirans is a small predatory lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 1.90–2.30 mm in length. Males have a black pronotum with a yellow lateral area, while females show a slightly reddened yellow area on the pronotum. The elytra bear three yellow spots. The species is known from Arizona and Texas in southwestern North America. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, larvae are covered in white wax secreted from lateral glands, which serves as protection against ants and other predators while hunting scale insects.
Hyperaspis conviva
Hyperaspis conviva is a small lady beetle native to North America. Adults measure 2.70–3.80 mm and display a black body with red spot patterning similar to Hyperaspis signata. The species is a specialized predator of scale insects, with larvae producing a distinctive white waxy coating that serves as camouflage and protection against ants and other predators. The waxy larvae are frequently mistaken for mealybugs, leading to unnecessary mortality from insecticide applications.
Hyperaspis cruenta
bloody lady beetle
Hyperaspis cruenta, commonly known as the bloody lady beetle, is a small predatory lady beetle native to North America. Adults measure approximately 2.50–2.65 mm in length and exhibit sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration. The species is known from Texas and New Mexico, with limited documented observations. Like other Hyperaspis species, it likely preys on scale insects, though specific dietary records for this species are sparse.
Hyperaspis disconotata
disk-marked lady beetle
Hyperaspis disconotata, commonly known as the disk-marked lady beetle, is a small predatory beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.30–2.80 mm in length and are characterized by five yellow spots on the elytra. The species is native to North America, with records from Alberta, Quebec, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, and Wisconsin. As a member of the Hyperaspis genus, it is a specialized predator of scale insects, contributing to biological control of these plant pests.
Hyperaspis disrupta
Hyperaspis disrupta is a small lady beetle native to southwestern North America. Adults measure 1.60–1.80 mm and are distinguished by yellow anterior and lateral borders on the pronotum in males, with elytra bearing discal and apical spots. The species is a specialist predator of scale insects. Its larvae are covered in white waxy secretions that serve as camouflage and protection against ant attacks, making them frequently mistaken for mealybugs or other pests.
Hyperaspis dissoluta
dissolute lady beetle
Hyperaspis dissoluta is a small lady beetle native to western North America. Adults measure 2.0–2.75 mm and are characterized by black elytra with yellow or red markings. The species is a specialized predator of scale insects, with larvae that produce a distinctive white waxy coating for protection. Two subspecies are recognized: H. d. dissoluta and H. d. nevadica, differing in size and elytral pattern.
Hyperaspis dobzhanskyi
Dobzhansky's lady beetle
Hyperaspis dobzhanskyi is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, known from Arizona in the southwestern United States. Adults measure approximately 2.45 mm in length. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are notable for producing waxy secretions that camouflage them among scale insects, their primary prey. Like other Hyperaspis species, it likely serves as a biological control agent of scale insect pests.
Hyperaspis fastidiosa
fastidious lady beetle
Hyperaspis fastidiosa is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the fastidious lady beetle. Adults measure 2.10–2.80 mm in length and exhibit sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration. The species is native to western North America, with records from the Canadian prairies through the western United States. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it is presumed to be a predator of scale insects.
Hyperaspis gemina
twin-spotted lady beetle
Hyperaspis gemina is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the twin-spotted lady beetle. The species is native to eastern North America, with confirmed records from Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Adults are characterized by their small size, yellow head, and distinctive elytral pattern featuring two yellow spots. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, this species is predatory and associated with scale insects.
Hyperaspis gemma Casey, 1899
Hyperaspis gemma is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae native to southwestern North America. Adults measure 2.20–2.80 mm and exhibit distinct sexual dimorphism in pronotal coloration. The species belongs to a genus known for predation on scale insects, though specific ecological details for H. gemma remain limited.
Hyperaspis globula
globular lady beetle
Hyperaspis globula is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the globular lady beetle. Adults measure approximately 1.8–2 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration: males have a yellow anterior border, while females have a black anterior border. It is recorded from Texas and is part of a genus known for preying on scale insects.
Hyperaspis haematosticta
Hyperaspis haematosticta is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.70–3.80 mm in length. The species is native to North America, with documented records from New Mexico and Arizona. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it is a predator of scale insects.
Hyperaspis imitator
Hyperaspis imitator is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, described by Gordon in 1985. The species is known from Texas and is part of a genus whose larvae are specialized predators of scale insects. Adults are approximately 2–2.25 mm in length with distinctive black elytra marked by a discal spot and lateral yellow vitta.
Hyperaspis inedita
Hyperaspis inedita is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.65–3 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotal coloration: males have a yellow anterior margin and lateral area on the pronotum, while females have a black anterior margin with a yellow lateral area. A red spot is present on each elytron. The species is found in the southeastern and central United States.
Hyperaspis inflexa
curved lady beetle, curved ladybug
Hyperaspis inflexa, commonly known as the curved lady beetle, is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae native to North America. Adults measure 1.80–2.85 mm in length. Males are distinguished by yellow coloration on the lateral area and anterior border of the pronotum. The species is a specialized predator of scale insects, with larvae that produce a distinctive white waxy coating for protection. It has been recorded across a broad geographic range in North America from western Canada to the eastern United States.
Hyperaspis jovialis
Jovial Sigil Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis jovialis is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, known from western North America. Adults measure 2.40–2.80 mm and exhibit sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are specialized predators of scale insects, often producing waxy coatings for camouflage and protection. Adults display variable elytral color patterns ranging from black with orange spots to orange with black markings.
Hyperaspis lateralis
Lateral Sigil Lady Beetle, lateral lady beetle
Hyperaspis lateralis is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, native to Central and North America. Adults measure 2.50–3.80 mm and exhibit sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration: males have yellow anterior margins and lateral areas, while females have entirely black pronota. The species is one of several Hyperaspis known to prey on scale insects.
Hyperaspis lugubris
lugubrious lady beetle
Hyperaspis lugubris, commonly known as the lugubrious lady beetle, is a small North American lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.40–3.30 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotum coloration: males have a reddish yellow pronotum often with darkened areas, while females have a black pronotum with yellow lateral margins and a yellow head. The elytra bear three spots. It is one of several Hyperaspis species native to North America that specialize in preying on scale insects.
Hyperaspis medialis
medial lady beetle
Hyperaspis medialis, the medial lady beetle, is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2–2.5 mm in length. The species is native to North America and has been recorded from Arizona and Texas. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it is a predator of scale insects. The larvae are covered in white waxy secretions that serve as camouflage and protection against predators.
Hyperaspis nigrosuturalis
Hyperaspis nigrosuturalis is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults reach approximately 3.40 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in coloration: males have yellow heads and yellow lateral margins on the pronotum, while females have black heads and entirely black pronota. The elytra are red with black margins in both sexes. It is native to North America, with records from Florida.
Hyperaspis octavia
Octavia Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis octavia is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, measuring approximately 2.5 mm in length. It is native to North America and has been recorded from Mississippi, Quebec, Michigan, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Ontario. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it is a specialist predator of scale insects. The species exhibits distinctive coloration with a shiny black body and pale red-brown spots, along with paler brown legs.
Hyperaspis oculaticauda
eye-tailed lady beetle
Hyperaspis oculaticauda, the eye-tailed lady beetle, is a small predatory lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 1.80–2.40 mm in length and are characterized by black elytra with a single apical spot. The species is native to western North America, with confirmed records from California, Nevada, and Oregon. Like other Hyperaspis species, it is a specialized predator of scale insects.
Hyperaspis oculifera
Hyperaspis oculifera is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, recorded from Arizona. Adults measure 2.0–2.6 mm in length. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in pronotal coloration: males have yellow anterior margins and lateral areas of the pronotum, while females have a black anterior margin with yellow lateral areas. Each elytron bears a yellow spot. As a member of the genus Hyperaspis, it is likely a predator of scale insects, though specific prey records for this species are not documented.
Hyperaspis ornatella
Hyperaspis ornatella is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.4–2.6 mm in length. Males have a yellow head and pronotum with a large rectangular black medial area; females have a black head and similar pronotal pattern. The elytra are black with yellow spots. The species name derives from Latin ornamentum, referencing its distinctive color pattern. The species is known from Florida and is part of a genus whose larvae are important biological control agents of scale insects.
Hyperaspis osculans
Hyperaspis osculans is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.50–3.10 mm. The species is native to North America and has been recorded from California. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it is a predator of scale insects. The larvae produce a white waxy coating that serves as camouflage and protection against predators.
Hyperaspis paludicola
swamp lady beetle
Hyperaspis paludicola, the swamp lady beetle, is a small North American lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 1.70–2.10 mm in length. The species is a specialized predator of scale insects and mealybugs, with larvae that produce distinctive white waxy secretions for protection. It has been recorded from Alberta, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina.
Hyperaspis pinguis
Hyperaspis pinguis is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 3.30–3.50 mm in length. The species is known from Arizona in North America and is closely related to Hyperaspis lateralis, from which it can be distinguished by specific pronotal coloration patterns. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, this species is a predator of scale insects and likely contributes to biological control of these pests in its native range.
Hyperaspis pleuralis
Side-spotted Sigil Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis pleuralis is a small lady beetle native to western North America, measuring 1.95–2.85 mm in length. Males are distinguished by yellow coloration on the lateral and anterolateral areas of the pronotum. The species exhibits typical Hyperaspis biology: larvae produce a white waxy coating that camouflages them among scale insects while providing protection from predators and ants. Both larvae and adults are specialized predators of scale insects, making them valuable biological control agents in natural and ornamental ecosystems.
Hyperaspis postica
postica lady beetle
Hyperaspis postica, the postica lady beetle, is a small North American lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.30–3.10 mm in length. The species is distinguished by a single apical spot on each elytron that varies in size and shape. It occurs from British Columbia to southern California, with additional records from Alberta, Arizona, and Colorado. Like other Hyperaspis species, it is likely a predator of scale insects.
Hyperaspis proba
esteemed lady beetle, esteemed sigil lady beetle
Hyperaspis proba, commonly known as the esteemed lady beetle, is a small species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America with a recorded range extending from Maine to South Carolina and westward to South Dakota and western Texas. Adults measure approximately 2–3 mm in length and exhibit sexual dimorphism in pronotal coloration.
Hyperaspis punctata
Hyperaspis punctata is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, native to North America with confirmed records from Texas. Adults measure 1.70–2.30 mm in length. The species belongs to a genus of specialized scale insect predators whose larvae are covered in protective white wax. Like other Hyperaspis species, it likely functions as a biological control agent against scale insect pests.
Hyperaspis quadrioculata
Four-eyed Lady Beetle, Four-eyed Sigil Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis quadrioculata, commonly known as the four-eyed lady beetle, is a small predatory beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.7–4.0 mm and display variable color patterns on their elytra. The species is native to North America, with confirmed records from central and southern California. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it is a specialized predator of scale insects.
Hyperaspis querquesi
Hyperaspis querquesi is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.55–2.70 mm in length. The species is known from California, where it has been recorded in association with scale insects. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it likely functions as a biological control agent of scale insect pests.
Hyperaspis rotunda
Hyperaspis rotunda is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, first described by Casey in 1899. It is native to North America, with confirmed records from Texas. The species belongs to a genus whose members are known as specialized predators of scale insects.
Hyperaspis schaefferi
Schaeffer's lady beetle, Schaeffer's Coastal Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis schaefferi is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) known from North America, with records primarily from Texas. Adults measure 2.20–2.75 mm in length. The species is distinguished from the similar Hyperaspis caseyi by having an incomplete lateral vitta on the elytron. As a member of the genus Hyperaspis, it is likely a predator of scale insects, though specific ecological data for this species are limited.
Hyperaspis signata
Red-spotted Sigil complex
Hyperaspis signata is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, found in North America from Massachusetts to Florida and west to Wisconsin and Texas. Adults are small (2.6–4.0 mm), with males displaying yellow anterior and lateral margins on the pronotum. The elytra bear one or two yellow or red spots. The species includes two recognized subspecies: H. s. signata (eastern) and H. s. bicentralis (Oklahoma and Texas).
Hyperaspis taeniata
Ribboned lady beetle, Ribboned Sigil Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis taeniata, known as the ribboned lady beetle, is a small predatory beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.2–3 mm in length. Males are distinguished by a yellow lateral border on the pronotum. The species is native to western North America, with confirmed records from California, Arizona, and Utah. Like other Hyperaspis species, it is a specialist predator of scale insects and their eggs.
Hyperaspis troglodytes
troglodyte lady beetle
Hyperaspis troglodytes, known as the troglodyte lady beetle, is a small North American species in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 2.0-2.75 mm in length. The species is distinguished from similar Hyperaspis by the widely separated basal spots on the elytra. It has been recorded from six U.S. states and three Canadian provinces.
Hyperaspis undulata
undulate lady beetle, Undulate Sigil Lady Beetle
Hyperaspis undulata is a small North American lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 1.80–2.75 mm in length. The elytra are black with a distinctive lateral vitta (stripe). The species is distributed across much of North America, with records from Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Manitoba) and numerous U.S. states including Connecticut, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin.
Hyperaspis weisei
Weise's lady beetle
Hyperaspis weisei, commonly known as Weise's lady beetle, is a small species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure approximately 2.25 mm in length. The species is native to North America, with confirmed records from Texas. Like other members of the genus Hyperaspis, it is likely a predator of scale insects, though specific prey relationships for this species remain undocumented.
Limonia venusta
V-marked Lady Beetle
Limonia venusta, commonly known as the V-marked Lady Beetle, is a metallic blue beetle with a distinctive orange pronotum. The subspecies Neoharmonia venusta ampla is restricted to a narrow geographic range from central Arizona to south Texas. This beetle is not commonly encountered despite its striking appearance. It was documented during field surveys in New Mexico, specifically along the Middle Fork of the Gila River.
Macronaemia
Macronaemia is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) containing three described species. The genus was established by Casey in 1899 and was long considered monotypic until additional species were recognized. It belongs to the diverse lady beetle radiation but remains relatively poorly documented compared to more familiar genera such as Coccinella or Harmonia.
Macronaemia episcopalis
Episcopal Ladybird
Macronaemia episcopalis is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, known by the common name Episcopal Ladybird. Adults measure approximately 3.25–4 mm in length. The species is distributed across North America from Ontario and New York westward to Yukon and northern California, with additional records from Canadian provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, and Manitoba. The genus Macronaemia currently contains three described species.
Mulsantina
Mulsantina is a genus of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae) native to North and Central America and the Caribbean. The genus was established by Julius Weise in 1906, honoring French entomologist Étienne Mulsant, who had previously described this group under the name Cleis—a name later found to be preoccupied. The genus contains approximately nine species.
Mulsantina cyathigera
Ivory Lady Beetle
Mulsantina cyathigera is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) native to Central and North America, ranging from Guatemala through Mexico to the southern United States. Adults measure 3.3–4.7 mm and are characterized by a yellow body with distinctive brown markings: an M-shaped pattern on the pronotum and six spots on the elytra. The species is commonly known as the Ivory Lady Beetle.
Mulsantina hudsonica
Hudsonian lady beetle, Hudsonian Ladybird
Mulsantina hudsonica, known as the Hudsonian lady beetle, is a small predatory beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America with a broad transcontinental range. The species is recognized by its distinctive yellow coloration with black markings on the head and pronotum, and brown and black patterns on the elytra. It has been documented as a predator of the balsam woolly adelgid.
Mulsantina luteodorsa
clay-colored lady beetle, Saffron Lady Beetle
A small lady beetle measuring 3.8–4.6 mm, endemic to the southeastern United States. The pronotum is yellow with two black vittae, and the elytra are unmarked. It is one of the lesser-known species in the genus Mulsantina.
Myzia interrupta
Broken-dashed Lady Beetle
Myzia interrupta, commonly known as the broken-dashed lady beetle, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 6.5–8 mm in length and are characterized by pale yellowish-brown coloration with distinctive pronotal spotting and elytral markings. The species is found across western North America, from Alberta and British Columbia south to western Texas and California.
Myzia pullata
Streaked Lady Beetle
Myzia pullata, commonly known as the streaked lady beetle, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America with a broad geographic range extending from Labrador to South Carolina and westward to Alberta and Colorado. Adults are relatively large for the family, measuring 6.5–8 mm in length, and display distinctive pale brownish-yellow coloration with dark brown markings on the pronotum.
Myzia subvittata
Subvittate Lady Beetle
Myzia subvittata is a North American lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Adults measure 5.7–8 mm in length and exhibit distinctive yellowish brown coloration with dark brown markings on the pronotum and elytra. The species has been documented from western Canada through the western United States to southern California.
Naemia seriata litigiosa
Western Seaside Lady Beetle
Naemia seriata litigiosa is a subspecies of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) known as the Western Seaside Lady Beetle. It is distributed in coastal regions of western North America and the Caribbean. The species belongs to a small genus of lady beetles associated with saline and coastal environments.
Neda
Neda is a genus of beetles in the family Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles). The genus was established by Chambers in 1874. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Autoneda in some classifications, though sources vary in its taxonomic treatment. The genus belongs to the diverse ladybird beetle family, which includes many species valued for their predatory habits on agricultural pests.
Neoharmonia venusta
V-marked Lady Beetle
Neoharmonia venusta is a species of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) found across much of North America and Mexico. The species comprises two recognized subspecies: N. v. venusta in the eastern and central United States, and N. v. ampla in the southwestern U.S. and Mexico. The nominate subspecies displays a metallic blue coloration with an orange pronotum, while the southwestern subspecies N. v. ampla is notably less commonly encountered.
Neoharmonia venusta ampla
V-marked Lady Beetle
Neoharmonia venusta ampla is a subspecies of lady beetle (Coccinellidae) distinguished by its striking metallic blue elytra and orange pronotum. This subspecies has a restricted range in the southwestern United States, occurring from central Arizona to south Texas. It is not commonly encountered in the field. The species name 'venusta' refers to its beautiful appearance, while 'ampla' denotes this larger, more western subspecies.
Neoharmonia venusta venusta
V-marked Lady Beetle
Neoharmonia venusta venusta is a subspecies of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. The nominate subspecies is characterized by distinctive coloration including a metallic blue elytra with an orange or reddish pronotum, creating a striking V-shaped or contrasting pattern. It occurs in North America, with records spanning multiple regions. Like other lady beetles, it is a predator of soft-bodied insects. The species has been documented through citizen science platforms and appears to be encountered regularly enough to have accumulated several hundred observations.
Nephaspis
minute lady beetles
Nephaspis is a genus of minute lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae. Species within this genus are specialized predators of whiteflies, particularly Bemisia argentifolii, and have been extensively studied as biological control agents. The genus was established by Casey in 1899. Many species formerly placed in Nephaspis have been reclassified to Clitostethus. The best-studied species, N. oculatus, exhibits a Type II functional response to prey density and completes development from egg to adult in approximately 24 days at 26°C.
Nephaspis oculatus
eyed lady
Nephaspis oculatus is a small coccinellid beetle specialized as a predator of whitefly eggs. Under laboratory conditions at 26°C, development from egg to adult averages 22.7 days. The species exhibits highly specific feeding behavior, consuming only eggs of Bemisia argentifolii and rejecting nymphal and adult stages. Both larvae and adults are predatory, with consumption increasing through larval instars. The species has been evaluated for biological control potential against silverleaf whitefly in agricultural systems.
Nephus
Nephus is a genus of small lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae, subfamily Scymninae. The genus contains more than 25 described species. Several former species have been transferred to the genus Scymnobius. Members of this genus are known as specialized predators of mealybugs and have been investigated for biological control of these pests.
Nephus atramentarius
dusky lady beetle
Nephus atramentarius is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. It was originally described as Scymnobius atramentarius by Boheman in 1859. The species is found in North America. It belongs to the genus Nephus, which contains minute lady beetles often associated with scale insects.
Nephus binaevatus
Dusky Lady Beetle
Nephus binaevatus is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the Dusky Lady Beetle. The genus Nephus comprises diminutive lady beetles, many of which are associated with scale insects and mealybugs as prey. This species has a notably broad geographic distribution spanning Africa, North America, and Oceania, suggesting either natural dispersal capabilities or human-mediated spread. The specific epithet 'binaevatus' refers to two spots or markings, though the exact pattern requires verification from specimen examination.
Nephus flavifrons
yellow-fronted lady beetle
Nephus flavifrons, commonly known as the yellow-fronted lady beetle, is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It belongs to a genus of dusky lady beetles characterized by their diminutive size and often subtle coloration compared to more conspicuous lady beetles. The species occurs in North America, with records from Canada and the northeastern United States.
Nephus georgei
George's lady beetle, Farmer's lady beetle
Nephus georgei is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as George's lady beetle or Farmer's lady beetle. It belongs to the genus Nephus, a group of dusky lady beetles characterized by their diminutive size and often subdued coloration compared to the brightly patterned lady beetles of the genus Coccinella. The species is known from limited records in North America.
Nephus intrusus
Nephus intrusus is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, first described by Horn in 1895. The species was formerly classified under the genus Scymnobius but is currently placed in Nephus. It is known from limited observations in North America, with documented records from Ontario, Canada. Like other members of the subfamily Scymninae, it likely preys on scale insects and mealybugs, though specific ecological studies are sparse.
Nephus ornatus
ornate lady beetle
Nephus ornatus is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the ornate lady beetle. It is classified among the dusky lady beetles, a group characterized by generally subdued coloration compared to the brightly patterned lady beetles more familiar to the public. The species was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1850 and is known to occur across North America.
Nephus sordidus
Little Brown Mealybug Destroyer, Sordid Ladybug
Nephus sordidus is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. Commonly known as the little brown mealybug destroyer or sordid ladybug, this species is found in North America. It belongs to the genus Nephus, a group of minute lady beetles often associated with scale insects and mealybugs. The species was originally described by Horn in 1895 and has been documented in Canadian provinces including Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan.
Nephus timberlakei
dusky lady beetle
Nephus timberlakei is a species of dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It was described by Gordon in 1985 and is found in North America. The species belongs to the genus Nephus, a group of small lady beetles often referred to as dusky lady beetles due to their typically subdued coloration compared to the brightly colored Coccinellinae.
Nipus
Nipus is a genus of lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae, established by Casey in 1899. The genus comprises at least four described species distributed in North America: N. biplagiatus and N. niger (both described by Casey, 1899), and N. occiduus and N. planatus (both described by Gordon, 1970). These beetles are part of the diverse Coccinellidae family, which includes many species valued for predation on pest insects.
Novius
Novius is a genus of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) and the sole member of the tribe Noviini. The genus contains over 70 species, most formerly placed in the genera Rodolia and Anovia, which are now considered junior synonyms. Species of Novius are specialist predators of scale insects, particularly cotton cushion scales in the genus Icerya, and have been widely used in classical biological control programs. The best-known species, Novius cardinalis (the vedalia beetle), was introduced from Australia to California in the 1880s and achieved historic success in controlling Icerya purchasi.
Novius koebelei
Koebele's ladybird
Novius koebelei is a ladybird beetle native to Australia, first described by Olliff in 1892. The species exhibits notable color variation, having been described as new six times after its original description due to this variation. It has been introduced to New Zealand, where it was first recorded in Auckland in 2006, and to California for biological control purposes alongside N. cardinalis, though it is not believed to persist there now.
Novius virginalis
Native Anovia
Novius virginalis is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, measuring 2.43–3.05 mm in length. The species was formerly classified under the genus Anovia, and is distinguished by its red body with dark markings on the head, pronotum, and elytra. It occurs in the southwestern United States.
Olla
Lady beetle
Olla is a genus of lady beetles (Coccinellidae) in the subfamily Coccinellinae. Members of this genus are predatory beetles known for their role in biological control of pest insects. The genus includes species such as Olla v-nigrum, commonly known as the ash-gray lady beetle.
Olla v-nigrum
Ashy Gray Lady Beetle
Olla v-nigrum is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) native to the Americas, commonly known as the ashy gray lady beetle. The species exhibits striking color polymorphism, occurring in both gray-with-black-spots and black-with-red-spots forms. It has been widely introduced outside its native range for biological control of psyllids and aphids, though its effectiveness is often compromised by parasitism and competition with other lady beetles. The species name refers to the distinctive V-shaped marking on the pronotum originally described by Mulsant.
Phalacrotophora
scuttle flies
Phalacrotophora is a genus of scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) comprising at least 50 described species. Species in this genus are parasitoids of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae), attacking host pupae. Documented hosts include Anatis ocellata, Olla v-nigrum, and Harmonia axyridis. The genus has been recorded from Europe and the Pacific region.
Propylea
fourteen-spotted lady beetles
Propylea is a genus of small lady beetles (Coccinellidae) containing four recognized species. The most widely known member, Propylea quatuordecimpunctata, is native to the Palearctic region and has become invasive in North America. Propylea japonica is an important biological control agent in Chinese agroecosystems, where it preys on aphids, whiteflies, and other soft-bodied pests. Species in this genus exhibit complex behaviors including selective foraging, intraguild predation, and mating-related dietary shifts.
Psyllobora parvinotata
Small-spotted Fairy Lady Beetle, small-spotted psyllobora
Psyllobora parvinotata is a minute lady beetle in the tribe Psylloborini, distinguished by its reduced spot pattern compared to congeners. Adults measure 2.75–3.40 mm and exhibit pale, often faint markings on the elytra. The species occurs in the southeastern United States, with records from Florida to Louisiana. It belongs to a genus whose members are specialized feeders on powdery mildews and other plant-pathogenic fungi.
Psyllobora schwarzi
Schwarz's Fairy Lady Beetle
Psyllobora schwarzi is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as Schwarz's Fairy Lady Beetle. The genus Psyllobora comprises diminutive, often pale-colored species sometimes referred to as 'fairy lady beetles.' As of current records, this species has relatively few documented observations, suggesting it may be uncommon, geographically restricted, or underreported due to its small size. It belongs to a genus whose members are typically associated with powdery mildew fungi rather than the aphid prey of larger lady beetles.
Sasajiscymnus tsugae
hemlock woolly adelgid lady beetle
Sasajiscymnus tsugae is a small black lady beetle native to Japan that was introduced to eastern North America as a biological control agent against the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae). First described in 1997 and released in the United States beginning in 1995, this predator has established populations in forest and urban environments. The species exhibits high host specificity, feeding primarily on three adelgid species. Field studies demonstrated 47–88% reduction in adelgid densities within five months of beetle introduction.
Scymninae
Scymnine lady beetles, Minute lady beetles
Scymninae is a subfamily of minute lady beetles within Coccinellidae, comprising at least 170 described species globally. Members are recognized as efficient biological control agents, particularly in agricultural systems. The subfamily is taxonomically diverse, represented by 5 tribes, 15 genera, and 138 species in the Indian subcontinent alone. Species within Scymninae exhibit morphological characteristics distinct from other coccinellid subfamilies, including specific arrangements of coxal lines and genitalia structures.
Scymnini
Dusky Lady Beetles, dusky ladybugs
Scymnini is a tribe of minute lady beetles (Coccinellidae) commonly known as dusky ladybugs. Adults are typically 1–2 mm long with hemispherically domed, densely hairy bodies. The tribe has been synonymized with Coccidulini under modern classifications. Members are predatory as both adults and larvae, feeding on spider mites, scale insects, whiteflies, and aphids. Many species are economically important as biological control agents of agricultural pests.
Scymnus americanus
American scymnus lady beetle
Scymnus americanus is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the American scymnus lady beetle. It is one of numerous species in the genus Scymnus, a group often referred to as dusky lady beetles due to their typically subdued coloration compared to the more familiar brightly colored lady beetles. The species is documented from North America, with records from Ontario and Québec in Canada.
Scymnus apicanus
apicanus lady beetle
Scymnus apicanus is a small lady beetle species described by Chapin in 1973. It belongs to the genus Scymnus, commonly known as dusky lady beetles due to their generally dark coloration. The species is known from North America and has two recognized subspecies: S. a. apicanus and S. a. pseudapicanus. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to be a predator of small soft-bodied insects, though specific ecological studies are limited.
Scymnus calaveras
Scymnus calaveras is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, described by Thomas L. Casey in 1899. The species epithet refers to Calaveras County, California, suggesting a type locality in the Sierra Nevada foothills region. As a member of the genus Scymnus, it likely belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, a group of minute lady beetles often associated with scale insect prey. Published records indicate presence in western North America including British Columbia, Canada, and California, USA.
Scymnus caurinus
northwestern lady beetle
Scymnus caurinus, commonly known as the northwestern lady beetle, is a species of dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is a small predatory beetle native to western North America, with records from the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan. As a member of the genus Scymnus, it belongs to a group of lady beetles generally associated with aphid predation, though specific prey relationships for this species remain poorly documented. The species was described by Horn in 1895.
Scymnus compar
dusky lady beetle
Scymnus compar is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by Thomas L. Casey in 1899. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, a group commonly known as dusky lady beetles due to their typically subdued coloration compared to the brightly spotted species familiar to most observers. The species is documented from North America, with specific records from Ontario, Canada. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to be a predator of small soft-bodied insects, though direct observations of its biology remain limited.
Scymnus coniferarum
conifer lady beetle
Scymnus coniferarum is a small predatory lady beetle native to western North America. It has been studied as a potential biological control agent for the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae), an invasive pest of eastern hemlock in eastern North America. Field studies in Washington State indicate it feeds on multiple adelgid species across different conifer hosts, with higher abundance observed on pine adelgids than on hemlock woolly adelgid.
Scymnus consobrinus
consobrinous lady beetle
Scymnus consobrinus is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the consobrinous lady beetle. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, a group often referred to as dusky lady beetles due to their typically subdued coloration compared to the bright patterns of larger coccinellids. The species was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1852 and is known to occur in North America. Like other members of Scymnus, it is likely a predator of small soft-bodied insects, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Scymnus difficilis
dusky lady beetle
Scymnus difficilis is a minute lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, described by Casey in 1899. Adults measure approximately 1.8–2.1 mm in length. The species is known from southern California and is part of the diverse Scymnus genus, which contains many small, often dark-colored lady beetles commonly referred to as dusky lady beetles.
Scymnus falli
Fall's lady beetle, Fall's dusky lady beetle
Scymnus falli is a small lady beetle species described by Gordon in 1976. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, commonly known as dusky lady beetles, which are generally smaller and more slender than the familiar brightly colored ladybugs. The species is known from North America, though specific details about its biology remain limited in published literature.
Scymnus fraternus
dusky lady beetle
Scymnus fraternus is a small lady beetle in the subfamily Scymninae, commonly known as dusky lady beetles. The species was described by LeConte in 1852 and occurs in northeastern North America. Records indicate presence in Ontario, Québec, and Vermont. Like other Scymnus species, it likely preys on small hemipteran pests such as aphids and scale insects, though specific ecological studies for this species are limited.
Scymnus garlandicus
garland lady beetle
Scymnus garlandicus, commonly known as the garland lady beetle, is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, a group of minute lady beetles often characterized by their diminutive size and inconspicuous coloration. The species was described by Casey in 1899 and is recorded from North America. Like other members of Scymnus, it is presumed to be a predator of small soft-bodied insects, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Scymnus horni
dusky lady beetle
Scymnus horni is a small lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) first described by Gorham in 1897. It is classified as a 'dusky lady beetle,' a common name applied to several Scymnus species with generally dark or inconspicuous coloration. The species has a notably broad geographic distribution spanning three distinct regions: Central America, North America, and Oceania. Like other members of Scymnus, it is presumed to be a predator of small soft-bodied insects such as aphids and scale insects, though specific prey records for this species are not documented.
Scymnus indianensis
Indiana lady beetle
Scymnus indianensis, commonly known as the Indiana lady beetle, is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It belongs to the genus Scymnus, which comprises minute lady beetles often characterized by their dull coloration and pubescent bodies. The species was described by Weise in 1929 and is documented from North America, with specific records from Ontario, Canada. Like other members of Scymninae, it is presumed to be a predator of small soft-bodied insects, though direct observations of its biology remain limited.
Scymnus iowensis
Iowa lady beetle
Scymnus iowensis, commonly known as the Iowa lady beetle, is a small species of dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to North America and has been recorded from multiple Canadian provinces including British Columbia, Manitoba, and New Brunswick. The species was described by Thomas Casey in 1899.
Scymnus kansanus
Kansas Lady Beetle
Scymnus kansanus, commonly known as the Kansas lady beetle, is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It was described by Thomas Casey in 1899. The species is recorded from North America, with specific distribution records from Canada (Ontario and Québec) and the United States. It belongs to the genus Scymnus, a diverse group of small lady beetles often characterized by their subdued coloration and association with scale insects and other small prey.
Scymnus louisianae
Scymnus louisianae is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by J. Chapin in 1973. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, a group of minute lady beetles often associated with scale insect and mealybug prey. The species is documented in North America with a notable concentration of observations. Like other Scymnus species, it likely serves as a biological control agent for agricultural and forest pests.
Scymnus marginicollis
dusky lady beetle
Scymnus marginicollis is a species of dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, first described by Mannerheim in 1843. It is recognized as a member of the subfamily Scymninae, a group of small lady beetles often referred to as 'dusky' or 'scymnine' lady beetles due to their typically dull coloration compared to the brightly colored Coccinellinae. The species is known to occur across North America with two recognized subspecies: S. marginicollis marginicollis and S. marginicollis borealis.
Scymnus nebulosus
Nebulous Lady Beetle, dusky lady beetle
Scymnus nebulosus, commonly known as the nebulous lady beetle, is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is found in North America and Oceania. The species is part of the Scymnus genus, which includes numerous small predatory beetles often referred to as dusky lady beetles due to their typically dark or dull coloration compared to the more brightly colored lady beetles in other genera.
Scymnus nevadensis
Nevada lady beetle
Scymnus nevadensis is a small dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the Nevada lady beetle. The species was described by Weise in 1929. It is known from North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented.
Scymnus pacificus
Scymnus pacificus is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by Crotch in 1874. Adults measure approximately 2.0–2.8 mm in length. The species occurs in western North America, with records from California extending eastward to western Texas, Colorado, and Utah. As a member of the genus Scymnus, it belongs to a group of minute lady beetles often associated with scale insect and mealybug predation, though specific ecological data for this species remain limited.
Scymnus securus
Coastal Marsh Scymnus
Scymnus securus is a small lady beetle (Coccinellidae) described by Chapin in 1973. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, a group of minute lady beetles often associated with wetland habitats. The species is known from coastal marsh environments in eastern North America, with confirmed records from Ontario, Canada. It is among the less frequently documented Scymnus species, with limited observational data available.
Scymnus semiruber
Scymnus semiruber is a species of dusky lady beetle (family Coccinellidae) described by Horn in 1895. It belongs to the genus Scymnus, a group of small lady beetles often characterized by their inconspicuous coloration and association with scale insects. The species is known from North America, though published biological details remain sparse.
Scymnus socer
dusky lady beetle
Scymnus socer is a small lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1852. It belongs to the subfamily Scymninae, commonly known as dusky lady beetles, which are generally smaller and more cryptically colored than the familiar spotted lady beetles. The species is known from North America, though detailed biological information remains limited.
Scymnus suturalis
Pine Dusky Lady Beetle
Scymnus suturalis is a tiny ladybird beetle (2.0–2.5 mm) native to the Palearctic, now introduced to North America. It inhabits coniferous and mixed forests, where it feeds primarily on scale insects (Coccoidea), particularly Chionaspis salicis, and adelgids on pine. The species has been found under bark flakes, in moss on tree trunks, and in conifer litter. Its small size and hairy elytra distinguish it from larger, more familiar ladybird species.
Scymnus tenebrosus
Darkling Lady Beetle, Dusky Lady Beetle
Scymnus tenebrosus is a small lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as the Darkling Lady Beetle or Dusky Lady Beetle. The species was described by Mulsant in 1850. It belongs to the genus Scymnus, which comprises numerous small lady beetle species often characterized by their modest size and subdued coloration compared to the more familiar brightly colored lady beetles.
Stethorus
Mite-eating Ladybirds, Spider Mite Destroyers
Stethorus is a genus of minute ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) commonly known as spider mite destroyers. The genus contains more than 40 described species, though some sources cite at least 20. These beetles are highly specialized predators of spider mites (Tetranychidae) and are recognized as important natural enemies of agricultural pests such as the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi). Their small size and cryptic coloration make them easily overlooked in field settings.
Stethorus pusillus
Dot Ladybird
Stethorus pusillus is the smallest European ladybird beetle, belonging to the family Coccinellidae and subfamily Scymninae. This species has been documented as a host for the ectoparasitic fungus Hesperomyces coccinelloides, with the first Polish records representing the northernmost and easternmost occurrence of this fungus. The species has been collected from roadside willow trees and floodplain forests in Poland, and is known from various European localities including Spain and Belgium, as well as from the Azores islands.
Stethorus utilis
Stethorus utilis is a minute lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, measuring only 1–2 mm in length. It is characterized by a black body with yellow antennae, mouthparts, and legs. The species is known from the southeastern United States, with records from North Carolina to Florida and west to eastern Texas. Like other members of the genus Stethorus, it is likely a predator of small arthropods, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Sticholotidinae
Sticholotidinae is a subfamily of lady beetles (family Coccinellidae). Phylogenetic analyses have found that Sticholotidinae is not a monophyletic group, rendering the subfamily invalid as currently circumscribed. The group has been the subject of recent taxonomic revisions, particularly for genera such as Stictobura and Sticholotis. Members of this subfamily are generally small, often flattened beetles with varied habits.
Zagloba
Zagloba is a genus of lady beetles (Coccinellidae) established by Casey in 1899. The genus contains relatively few described species and is among the less commonly encountered coccinellid genera in North America. Members of this genus are small, dark-colored beetles with reduced or absent spotting patterns compared to more familiar lady beetles.
Zagloba hystrix
Zagloba hystrix is a minute lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae, first described by Casey in 1899. Adults measure approximately 1.45–1.75 mm in length. The species is known from North America, with confirmed records from Texas. It is among the smallest coccinellid beetles documented in the region.
Zilus
Velvethead Lady Beetles
Zilus is a genus of small lady beetles in the family Coccinellidae, commonly known as Velvethead Lady Beetles. The genus was established by Mulsant in 1850 and contains approximately 20 described species, with many occurring in the United States. Members of this genus belong to the tribe Coccidulini within the subfamily Coccinellinae. The common name refers to a characteristic velvety or pubescent appearance of the head region.
Zilus aterrimus
Western Velvethead Lady Beetle
Zilus aterrimus is a minute lady beetle species in the family Coccinellidae. It is known from western North America, with records from Idaho and Washington south to California and Arizona. Adults measure approximately 1.25–1.60 mm in length.
Zilus horni
Eastern Velvethead Ladybug
Zilus horni is a minute lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae, measuring approximately 1.40–1.60 mm in length. The species is native to eastern North America, with records from Maryland to Florida and west to Wisconsin and Louisiana. It was described by Gordon in 1985 and named in honor of American entomologist George H. Horn. The specific epithet commemorates Horn's contributions to coleopterology.