Colour-polymorphism
Guides
Coelophora
Coelophora is a genus of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) established by Mulsant in 1850, containing approximately 14 described species distributed across Asia, Australia, and surrounding regions. Members of this genus are predominantly aphidophagous predators, with several species studied for their potential as biological control agents in agricultural systems. The genus exhibits notable colour pattern polymorphism, particularly in Coelophora inaequalis, where multiple elytral pattern morphs are controlled by alleles showing mosaic dominance. Some species have been transferred to other genera upon taxonomic revision, such as Coelophora circumusta moved to Phrynocaria.
Sparasionidae
Sparasionidae is a family of parasitic wasps in the superfamily Platygastroidea. The family contains five extant genera—Sparasion, Mexon, Listron, Sceliomorpha, and Archaeoteleia—plus one extinct genus (Electroteleia) known from Eocene Baltic amber. The genus Sparasion is the most diverse with 141 valid species. All known species are egg parasitoids of orthopterans, specifically katydids (Tettigoniidae). The family exhibits a disjunct distribution, occurring in the Nearctic, Palearctic, Afrotropical, and Oriental regions but absent from the Neotropics and Australasia.
Timema boharti
Bohart's timema
Timema boharti is a small walkingstick species in the family Timematidae, endemic to California. It inhabits xeric pinyon-juniper woodland with chaparral intrusions at elevations around 915 m. The species exhibits two distinct colour morphs—greyish and green—with assortative mating by colour phase. It is nocturnal and has been collected in late April, with both mating pairs and late-instar nymphs observed. Like other Timema species, it is wingless and feeds on host plants within its specialized habitat.