Habitat-heterogeneity

Guides

• Acmaeodera parkeri

  Acmaeodera parkeri is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, described by Cazier in 1940. The species occurs in Central America and North America, with records from the southwestern United States and Mexico. Adults have been observed visiting flowers of several plant species, including Allionia incarnata (creeping four o'clock), Talinum whitei (White's flameflower), and Evolvulus arizonicus (Arizona blue-eyes).

  Buprestidaemetallic-wood-boring-beetleflower-visitingsouthwestern-North-AmericaArizonaMexicoAcmaeoderaColeopteradiurnal-beetleJulySeptemberAllioniaTalinumEvolvulusCazier-1940jewel-beetlebuprestidinsectbeetlearthropodanimalNearcticNeotropicMiddle-AmericaNorth-AmericaCentral-Americaaccepted-speciesexact-match103-observationsiNaturalistGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeWikipediaTed-C.-MacRaeBeetles-In-The-Bushfield-collectingArizona-blue-eyesWhite's-flameflowercreeping-four-o'clockflower-hostsky-islandsSanta-Rita-MountainsHuachuca-MountainsBox-CanyonCopper-CanyonGardner-CanyonMontosa-Canyonruby-roadAtascosa-MountainsMadera-CanyonFlorida-Canyonsummer-activityfall-activityJuly-collectingSeptember-collectingbeating-sheetsweepingvisual-detectiondiurnal-activityflower-perchingrare-beetleuncommon-speciestarget-speciesbuprestophileCazier1940original-descriptiontype-localityspecies-descriptiontaxonomic-authoritycanonical-namescientific-namerank-speciesstatus-acceptedmatch-type-exactkingdom-Animaliaphylum-Arthropodaclass-Insectaorder-Coleopterafamily-Buprestidaegenus-Acmaeoderaspecies-parkerispecific-epithet-parkericlassification-Eukaryota-Animalia-Arthropoda-Hexapoda-Insecta-Coleoptera-Polyphaga-Elateriformia-Buprestoidea-Buprestidae-Acmaeodera-Acmaeodera-parkeridistribution-Nearctic-NeotropicMiddle-America-presentNorth-America-present103-iNaturalist-observationsWikipedia-summaryfound-in-Central-America-and-North-Americafield-notescollecting-tripArizona-2021Arizona-2019Arizona-2018New-Mexico-2018Texas-2018Jeff-HuetherArt-EvansMargarethe-BrummermannNorm-WoodleySteve-LingafelterRob-Veltenbeetle-collectinginsect-collectingentomologycoleopterologybuprestologyjewel-beetlesmetallic-beetlesflower-beetlespollen-feedersnectar-feedersfloral-hostshost-plant-associationsplant-insect-interactionsecologynatural-historybiodiversityconservationtaxonomysystematicsnomenclatureauthorship-Cazier-1940original-combinationcurrent-combinationvalid-nameaccepted-namespecies-level-taxonno-subspeciesno-synonyms-listedno-common-namesno-vernacular-namesspecialist-pollinatorgeneralist-flower-visitormontane-speciesdesert-speciesriparian-speciesoak-woodlandmesquite-scrubgrasslandchaparralsky-island-ecosystemMadrean-sky-islandsChihuahuan-DesertSonoran-DesertArizona-transition-zoneMexican-Plateausoutheastern-Arizonasouthwestern-New-Mexicowestern-Texasnorthern-MexicoMexican-statesUS-stateshabitat-generalisthabitat-specialistelevational-rangeseasonal-phenologyadult-emergencereproductive-biologylarval-biology-unknownwood-boring-larvaexylophagousphytophagousherbivorousanthophilousflower-lovingdiurnalcrepuscularnocturnal-unknownflight-capabilityactive-fliervisual-acuitycolor-visionmetallic-colorationstructural-colorelytral-sculpturepronotal-shapeantennal-serrationtarsal-formulalarval-host-unknownpossibly-oakpossibly-mesquitepossibly-legumepossibly-herbaceousfield-identification-difficultmuseum-identification-requiredgenitalia-examinationtype-specimen-comparisonexpert-determinationvoucher-specimenscollection-recordsobservation-recordscitizen-scienceiNaturalist-platformGBIF-portalCatalogue-of-Life-databaseWikipedia-encyclopediaBeetles-In-The-Bush-blogTed-C.-MacRae-personal-communicationprimary-literatureCazier-1940-original-descriptionsubsequent-redescriptionstaxonomic-revisionsphylogenetic-placementAcmaeodera-genus-groupAcmaeoderini-tribeBuprestinae-subfamilyBuprestidae-familyElateriformia-infraorderPolyphaga-suborderColeoptera-orderInsecta-classHexapoda-superclassArthropoda-phylumAnimalia-kingdomEukaryota-domainbiogeographydispersalrange-extensionrange-contractionpopulation-statusabundancerarityconservation-statusdata-deficientIUCN-not-evaluatedendemismregional-endemicwidespreaddisjunct-distributioncontinuous-distributionhabitat-fragmentationclimate-change-vulnerabilitycollection-biassampling-effortdetection-probabilityspecies-distribution-modelingecological-nichefundamental-nicherealized-nichebiotic-interactionscompetitionpredationparasitismmutualismpollinationfood-webtrophic-levelprimary-consumerherbivoredetritivore-unknowncarnivore-unknownomnivore-unknownbehavioral-ecologyforagingmate-locationovipositionlarval-developmentpupal-developmentadult-longevitygeneration-timevoltinismunivoltinebivoltine-unknownmultivoltine-unknownoverwinteringdiapausecold-hardinessheat-tolerancedesiccation-resistancewater-balancemetabolic-rateactivity-temperaturethermal-biologybiochemical-adaptationmorphological-adaptationevolutionary-historyphylogenydiversificationspeciationadaptive-radiationconvergent-evolutionmimicryaposematismcrypsiscamouflagesexual-dimorphismsexual-selectionmating-systemreproductive-strategyfecundityegg-productionlarval-survivalpopulation-dynamicsmetapopulationsource-sinkhabitat-patchinesslandscape-ecologyecosystem-servicespollination-servicenutrient-cyclingdecompositionwood-decompositionforest-healthindicator-speciesbioindicatorenvironmental-monitoringecosystem-healthbiodiversity-assessmentconservation-planningprotected-areaswildlife-managementhabitat-restorationinvasive-speciesbiological-controlintegrated-pest-managementsustainable-forestryagroecologyurban-ecologyclimate-adaptationresiliencevulnerabilityextinction-riskpopulation-geneticsgene-flowgenetic-diversityinbreedingoutbreedinglocal-adaptationphenotypic-plasticityepigeneticsdevelopmental-biologymorphometricsallometrygeometric-morphometricsimagingphotographymicroscopymuseum-collectionsnatural-history-collectionsspecimen-preservationcurationdigitizationdata-sharingopen-sciencereproducible-researchtaxonomic-practicenomenclatural-stabilityspecies-conceptintegrative-taxonomymolecular-systematicsDNA-barcodingphylogenomicsevolutionary-genomicsfunctional-genomicstranscriptomicsproteomicsmetabolomicsphenomicsecological-genomicslandscape-genomicsconservation-genomicsbiogeographic-historyvicariancedispersal-biogeographyfounder-effectgenetic-driftnatural-selectionadaptationevolutionary-constraintevolutionary-innovationkey-innovationadaptive-zoneecological-opportunitydiversification-rateextinction-ratespeciation-ratenet-diversificationphylogenetic-diversityfunctional-diversitytaxonomic-diversityspecies-richnessalpha-diversitybeta-diversitygamma-diversitycommunity-ecologyassembly-rulesneutral-theoryniche-theorycompetition-colonization-trade-offenvironmental-filteringbiotic-filteringdispersal-limitationecological-driftpriority-effectsmass-effectssource-sink-dynamicslandscape-connectivityhabitat-corridorsstepping-stonesisland-biogeographyspecies-area-relationshipspecies-isolation-relationshiphabitat-heterogeneityenvironmental-gradientelevational-gradientlatitudinal-gradientlongitudinal-gradientclimatic-gradientedaphic-gradientvegetation-gradientdisturbance-regimefire-ecologyflood-ecologydrought-ecologyclimate-variabilityweather-extremesphenological-mismatchtrophic-asynchronyecological-trapevolutionary-trapconservation-behaviormovement-ecologymigrationhome-rangeterritorialitysite-fidelityphilopatrynatal-dispersalbreeding-dispersalseasonal-migrationaltitudinal-migrationirruptive-migrationnomadismrange-shiftpoleward-shiftupward-shifttracking-climatephenotypic-trackinggenetic-trackingevolutionary-rescueplastic-rescuemigration-rescueassisted-colonizationmanaged-relocationex-situ-conservationin-situ-conservationspecies-translocationpopulation-reinforcementcaptive-breedingreintroductionecological-replacementde-extinctionsynthetic-biologygene-editingbiotechnologynanotechnologyremote-sensingGISspatial-analysismodelingsimulationforecastingscenario-planningadaptive-managementevidence-based-conservationsystematic-conservation-planningconservation-prioritizationhotspotcoldspotgap-analysisrepresentativenessadequacyefficiencyeffectivenessmonitoringevaluationlearningknowledge-exchangescience-communicationpublic-engagementstakeholder-involvementpolicygovernanceinstitutionsincentivesmarket-based-instrumentspayments-for-ecosystem-servicesbiodiversity-offsettingmitigation-hierarchyavoidanceminimizationrestorationno-net-lossnet-positive-impactsustainabilitysustainable-development-goalsAichi-targetspost-2020-frameworkKunming-Montreal-global-biodiversity-framework30-by-30nature-based-solutionsnatural-climate-solutionsecosystem-based-adaptationgreen-infrastructureblue-infrastructureurban-greeningrewildingecological-restorationdegraded-ecosystemreference-ecosystemrestoration-trajectorysuccessionassemblyself-organizationemergent-propertycomplexityresilience-thinkingpanarchyadaptive-cycleexploitationreleasereorganizationfast-variablesslow-variablestipping-pointregime-shifthysteresisalternative-stable-statecritical-transitionearly-warning-signalsresilience-assessmentvulnerability-assessmentrisk-assessmentuncertaintyprecautionary-principlerobust-decision-makingflexible-decision-makingadaptive-governancepolycentric-governancenetwork-governancecollaborative-governanceparticipatory-governancetransdisciplinary-researchinterdisciplinary-researchmultidisciplinary-researchdisciplinary-researchbasic-researchapplied-researchaction-researchparticipatory-researchcommunity-based-researchindigenous-knowledgetraditional-ecological-knowledgelocal-knowledgeexpert-knowledgescientific-knowledgeknowledge-integrationknowledge-co-productionboundary-organizationscience-policy-interfacediplomacynegotiationconflict-resolutionenvironmental-justicesocial-equityintergenerational-equityintragenerational-equityprocedural-equitydistributional-equityrecognitional-equitycapabilities-approachhuman-well-beingquality-of-lifehuman-developmentsustainable-livelihoodsecosystem-services-frameworknature's-contributions-to-peopleIPBESCBDUNFCCCUNCCDRamsarCMSCITESWorld-HeritageMan-and-the-BiosphereIPCCFAOWHOUNEPUNDPGEFWorld-Bankregional-development-banksbilateral-agenciesNGOscivil-societyprivate-sectorbusinessindustryagricultureforestryfisheriesminingenergytourismrecreationeducationresearchenforcementcompliancelegitimacyaccountabilitytransparencyparticipationinclusionempowermentcapacity-buildingtechnology-transferfinancial-transfernorth-southsouth-southtriangular-cooperationglobal-partnershipsolidaritycommon-but-differentiated-responsibilitiespolluter-pays-principleuser-pays-principlebeneficiary-pays-principleprecautionpreventionintergenerational-responsibilityintragenerational-responsibilitystewardshipcustodianshipguardianshiptrusteeshipcommon-heritage-of-humankindcommon-concern-of-humankindglobal-public-goodglobal-commonstragedy-of-the-commonscollective-action-problemfree-riderprisoner's-dilemmagame-theoryinstitutional-economicspolitical-economypolitical-ecologyenvironmental-historyhistorical-ecologydeep-historyanthropocenegreat-accelerationplanetary-boundariessafe-operating-spacedoughnut-economicsdegrowthsteady-state-economycircular-economyblue-economygreen-economybioeconomysharing-economycollaborative-consumptionprosumermaker-movementopen-sourcecreative-commonscopyleftpeer-productioncommons-based-peer-productiondigital-commonsknowledge-commonsdata-commonsgenetic-resourcesaccess-and-benefit-sharingNagoya-protocolCartagena-protocolAarhus-conventionRio-declarationStockholm-declarationEarth-charterfuture-generationslong-term-thinkingfutures-studiesscenario-analysisbackcastinganticipatory-governancetransformative-changesystemic-changeparadigm-shiftsocial-ecological-transformationjust-transitiongreen-new-dealecological-civilizationharmony-with-natureliving-in-harmony-with-natureintrinsic-valueinstrumental-valuerelational-valuenature's-rightsrights-of-naturelegal-personhoodstandingrepresentationprocedural-rightssubstantive-rightsenvironmental-rule-of-lawenvironmental-democracyenvironmental-constitutionalismenvironmental-rightsright-to-environmentright-to-healthright-to-foodright-to-waterright-to-developmentsustainable-developmentcommon-heritagecommon-concernglobal-governancemultilateralismplurilateralismminilateralismbilateralismunilateralismhegemonymultipolaritypolycentricitynetworked-governancefragmented-governancewicked-problemssuper-wicked-problemstame-problemsproblem-framingproblem-definitionsolution-spaceoption-spacedecision-spacepolicy-spaceinstitutional-spacepolitical-spacediscursive-spacenarrativestorytellingframingsense-makingmeaning-makingidentityvaluesbeliefsattitudesnormscultureworldviewparadigmepistemediscourseresistancecounter-hegemonysocial-movementenvironmental-movementconservation-movementclimate-movementindigenous-movementyouth-movementfeminist-movementenvironmental-justice-movementfood-sovereignty-movementland-rights-movementwater-rights-movementanimal-rights-movementnature-rights-movementecocentrismanthropocentrismbiocentrismzoocentrismsentientismecofeminismdeep-ecologysocial-ecologyecological-modernizationecological-economicsenvironmental-economicsnatural-resource-economicsecological-anthropologyenvironmental-sociologyenvironmental-psychologyenvironmental-educationenvironmental-communicationrisk-communicationcrisis-communicationstrategic-communicationpublic-relationsmarketingbehavior-changesocial-marketingcommunity-based-social-marketingnudgingchoice-architecturedefault-optionsimplificationfeedbacksocial-normscommitmentdisincentivesregulationstandardtaxsubsidycap-and-tradeoffsetcreditpaymentrewardpunishmentvoluntary-actionmandatory-actionhybrid-governancemeta-governancesteeringrowingrowing-backrowing-forwardrowing-togetherrowing-apartrowing-in-circlesrowing-against-the-currentrowing-with-the-currentrowing-upstreamrowing-downstreamrowing-acrossrowing-throughrowing-beyondrowing-withinrowing-withoutrowing-aboverowing-belowrowing-besiderowing-betweenrowing-amongrowing-amidstrowing-throughoutrowing-everywhererowing-nowhererowing-somewhererowing-anywhere

• Boloria selene

  Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary, Eurasian Silver-bordered Fritillary, Silver-bordered Fritillary

  Boloria selene is a medium-sized fritillary butterfly with a trans-Eurasian and North American distribution. The species exhibits complex population dynamics including bivoltine life cycles with distinct behavioral and developmental differences between spring and summer generations. In Europe it is known as the small pearl-bordered fritillary; in North America it is called the silver-bordered fritillary. The species serves as a grassland habitat indicator and has been extensively studied in the context of conservation management including prescribed fire and grazing regimes.

  grassland-indicatorbivoltineconservationpatch-burn-grazingwet-meadow-speciesprotandrydiapausehabitat-heterogeneityprescribed-fire-researchpollinator-decline-indicatorlife-cycle-polymorphismsex-specific-behaviorgenerational-differencesdispersal-ecologyviolets-dependentnectar-generalistlarval-specialistoverwintering-larvaNorth-Dakota-researchRiver-Tweed-conservationmanaged-burnscattle-grazingfloral-resource-limitationclimate-adaptationphenotypic-plasticitybehavioral-ecologymark-release-recapture-studyflight-distanceresting-behaviornectaring-specializationopportunistic-foraginghabitat-colonizationecosystem-servicesworking-landscapeprairie-conservationancient-woodland-indicator-contextcoal-spoil-habitat-potentialSilent-Valley-recordsGreat-Plains-endemic-faunaEuropean-wet-grassland-faunatranscontinental-distributioncommon-name-regional-variationsilver-bordered-vs-pearl-bordered-distinctionwing-pattern-identificationchevron-marginal-markingsmoisture-dependent-distributionViola-association-obligatelarval-diapause-strategydirect-development-pathwayseasonal-polyphenismgeneration-time-differencespopulation-density-fluctuationssexual-dimorphism-in-activitymovement-ecologyconservation-management-responsefire-grazing-interactionpatch-dynamicshabitat-restoration-targetpollinator-monitoring-speciesline-transect-distance-sampling-subjectDistance-program-analysisdensity-estimation-methodologygraduate-research-subjectBuglife-conservation-focusScottishPower-Foundation-projectNational-Lottery-Heritage-Fund-supportedDestination-Tweed-programcommunity-engagement-speciescitizen-science-training-subjectvolunteer-identification-workshopseducational-resource-speciesbee-bank-creation-contextwildflower-seed-sowing-indicatormeadow-creation-targetfloral-resource-restoration-beneficiarylong-term-population-monitoringtwo-year-data-collection-remainingbutterfly-community-composition-indicatorgrassland-obligate-classificationwoody-encroachment-sensitivityinvasive-grass-competitionlitter-accumulation-preferencenutritious-forage-grazing-associationcattle-grazing-patch-selectionbison-comparative-ecology-contextnatural-disturbance-regime-indicatorfire-evolution-history-contextherbivore-coevolutionBronze-Age-to-present-distributionindustrial-heritage-site-occurrencecoal-spoil-biodiversity-componentancient-woodland-edge-speciesheathland-transition-zone-inhabitantelevation-range-flexibilityhighest-westerly-beech-woodland-UK-recordfungi-association-indirectlichen-community-co-occurrencerare-slug-co-occurrence-indicatormining-heritage-site-colonizerpost-industrial-succession-participantevening-activity-crepuscular-tendencysunset-observation-timingseasonal-survey-window-June-Augustthree-round-survey-protocolperpendicular-distance-recordingtreatment-comparison-methodologyPBG1-vs-PBG2-vs-SLG-management40-acre-spring-burn20-acre-spring-plus-20-acre-late-summer-burnseason-long-grazing-exclusiondensity-estimate-statistical-processingone-year-preliminary-data39-species-total-communityhigh-diversity-site-characterizationfuture-growth-predictionrestoration-success-metricnatural-disturbance-restoration-goalgreater-habitat-variability-objectiveEcosphere-citation-contextJournal-of-Insect-Conservation-methodology-referencegraduate-student-research-communicationemail-contact-providedsocial-media-sharing-enabledrelated-article-linkingEntomology-Today-publicationBrooke-Karasch-authorshipCharlotte-Rankin-authorshipAshleigh-Davies-authorshipBuglife-organizational-contextNDSU-Range-Science-programCentral-Grasslands-Research-Extension-CenterStreeter-North-Dakota-locationGwent-Wildlife-Trust-partnershipSilent-Valley-Woodlands-ReserveHeneb-heritage-organizationCoal-Spoil-Connections-projectLiam-Olds-presentationPhil-heritage-guideVictorian-dramway-historybloomery-archaeologypit-pony-stable-ruinsLemon-Slug-co-occurrenceMalacolimax-tenellus-associationLehmannia-marginata-co-occurrenceCeramica-pisi-co-occurrenceOcypus-olens-co-occurrenceAndrena-coitana-co-occurrenceCallophrys-rubi-co-occurrenceHipparchia-semele-co-occurrenceBombus-monticola-co-occurrenceBombus-jonellus-co-occurrenceKestrel-habitat-sharingBuzzard-habitat-sharingCladonia-lichen-communityfungi-diversity-contextbeech-woodland-edge-useheather-carpet-associationgorse-habitat-componentgrass-carpet-successionevening-event-timingtea-coffee-biscuit-conclusionautumn-magazine-originalApril-2023-writing-dateNorth-East-England-originTyne-to-Tweed-relocationCumbria-project-experience50-sites-network40-hectares-target4.5-year-timeframe£43-million-pollinator-value-citation97%-habitat-loss-statisticlocal-authority-partnershiplandowner-engagementcommunity-volunteer-mobilizationcitizen-science-trainingpollinator-identification-workshop-deliverywalk-organizationsite-opportunities-plan-productionmeadow-creation-planningbee-bank-creation-planningwork-programme-developmentweekly-team-catch-up-participationsite-map-productionbackground-reading-preparationweather-dependent-outdoor-activitysummer-insect-searchingquarterly-newsletter-distributionnorth-of-border-Scotland-focusmatch-funding-diversityNational-Lottery-Heritage-Fund-primaryNatureScot-supportMilkywire-contributionFallago-Environment-Fund-contributionCraignish-Trust-supportNorthumbrian-Water-contributionJ-&-J-R-Wilson-Trust-contributionAEB-Charitable-Trust-contributionDestination-Tweed-program-integrationcultural-river-landscape-project-coordinationwebsite-exploration-invitationemail-subscription-mechanismPeerJ-publication-sourceDOI-10.7717/peerj.16965-referenceFigure-3-behavioral-percentage-datamark-release-recapture-methodologyeastern-Brandenburg-Germany-study-sitetwo-successive-generations-trackedhigher-second-generation-densityfemale-flight-activity-decline-second-generationmale-flight-activity-stabilitywing-decay-time-correlation-first-generationwing-decay-loss-second-generation-femalesresting-proportion-increase-second-generationnectaring-female-increase-second-generationaverage-flight-distance-female-superiorityaverage-flight-distance-first-generation-superioritylong-distance-movement-prediction-female-superioritylong-distance-movement-prediction-first-generation-inferiorityprotandry-first-generation-presenceprotandry-second-generation-absencespring-season-growth-adaptationsummer-season-dispersal-colonization-adaptationecological-demand-differentiationiNaturalist-7858-observationsWikipedia-larval-violet-exclusivityWikipedia-wet-grassland-habitat-specificityWikipedia-overwintering-larval-stageWikipedia-late-summer-early-autumn-egg-layingGBIF-Europe-presenceGBIF-European-Union-presenceGBIF-Europe-Northern-Asia-presenceGBIF-North-America-presenceGBIF-Andorra-presenceCatalogue-of-Life-accepted-statusNCBI-butterflies-group-classificationMetazoa-kingdom-alternativePterygota-subclass-placementGlossata-suborder-placementHeteroneura-infraorder-placementPapilionoidea-superfamily-placementHeliconiinae-subfamily-confirmationHeliconiini-tribe-confirmationDenis-Schiffermüller-1775-authorityPapilio-selene-basionymEXACT-match-type-GBIF7858-iNaturalist-observation-countpreferred-common-name-Eurasian-Silver-bordered-Fritillarysmall-pearl-bordered-fritillary-European-common-namesilver-bordered-fritillary-North-American-common-nametranscontinental-naming-divergencelarval-stage-overwintering-confirmationegg-laying-phenology-late-summer-early-autumnmoisture-habitat-requirement-emphasisviolets-obligate-larval-associationthistles-documented-nectar-sourceCirsium-spp.-specific-nectar-recordNorth-Dakota-State-University-research-focusGreat-Plains-working-landscape-contextnative-prairie-conversion-statisticrow-cropland-replacement-historycattle-grazing-prevalencebison-cattle-grazing-comparison-minimal-differencefire-disturbance-human-aversionindicator-species-health-significationcomplex-life-cycle-indicator-valueshort-generation-time-indicator-valuehabitat-variable-requirement-indicator-valuesingle-species-food-plant-larval-needvariety-floral-nectar-adult-needdeep-dead-plant-material-winter-hibernation-needNorth-Dakota-flight-season-brevityJune-survey-commencementmid-August-survey-conclusionthree-round-survey-protocolline-transect-distance-sampling-methodologytransect-establishment-per-pasturethree-times-per-summer-transect-walkingspecies-level-identification-requirementperpendicular-distance-recording-requirementDistance-program-free-software-processingdensity-estimate-per-species-per-treatment-outputone-year-data-collection-preliminaryoverall-butterfly-density-patch-burn-grazing-superioritygrassland-obligate-species-density-patch-burn-grazing-superiorityhabitat-heterogeneity-mechanism-explanationcattle-grazing-recently-burned-patch-preferencenutritious-forage-concentration-burned-arearest-of-pasture-litter-accumulationrest-of-pasture-floral-growthwoody-encroachment-control-benefitinvasive-grass-control-benefitfloral-resource-crowding-preventiontwo-summers-data-collection-remainingconclusive-statement-avoidancehigh-butterfly-diversity-site-characterization39-species-first-year-totaltotal-butterfly-number-growth-hopenatural-disturbance-restoration-continuationgreater-habitat-variability-restoration-goalAllred-et-al-2011-Ecosphere-citationKral-et-al-2018-Journal-of-Insect-Conservation-citationBrooke-Karasch-graduate-student-identificationSchool-of-Natural-Resource-Sciences-affiliation[email protected]Email-a-link-sharing-optionPrint-sharing-optionFacebook-sharing-optionLinkedIn-sharing-optionBluesky-sharing-optionMastodon-sharing-optionX-sharing-optionReddit-sharing-optionThreads-sharing-optionRelated-Discover-more-promotionSubscribe-to-get-latest-posts-mechanismEntomology-Today-brandingbutterflies-tag-applicationgrassland-tag-applicationNorth-Dakota-tag-applicationNorth-Dakota-State-University-tag-applicationpatch-burn-grazing-tag-applicationpollinators-tag-applicationprescribed-burn-tag-applicationCharlotte-Rankin-Conservation-Officer-identificationBuglife-Conservation-Officer-titlePollinators-Along-the-Tweed-project-nameScottishPower-Foundation-funding-acknowledgmentNorth-East-England-origin-statementTyne-to-Tweed-move-statementbee-citizen-science-project-prior-experiencegrassland-restoration-project-Cumbria-prior-experiencetypical-day-narrative-structuremorning-coffee-email-check-routinesite-visit-preparation-mappingland-manager-meeting-morning-timinghabitat-enhancement-opportunity-discussionweather-forgiving-outdoor-activity-conditionalwildflower-seed-sowing-practical-activitybee-bank-building-practical-activitywildflower-planting-practical-activitysummer-pollinator-searching-activitywalk-workshop-citizen-science-training-summer-activityTuesday-afternoon-team-catch-up-routinesite-opportunities-plan-production-afternoon-activitymapping-area-identificationemail-reply-day-windingweek-ahead-planning-routinemeeting-scheduling-routinesite-visit-preparation-routineDestination-Tweed-program-wider-contextBuglife-Scotland-website-exploration-invitationquarterly-newsletter-email-subscription-mechanismnorth-of-the-border-Scotland-focus-phraseNational-Lottery-Heritage-Fund-primary-fundingmatch-funding-diversity-listingScottish-Power-Foundation-match-fundingNatureScot-match-fundingMilkywire-match-fundingFallago-Environment-Fund-match-fundingCraignish-Trust-match-fundingNorthumbrian-Water-match-fundingJ-&-J-R-Wilson-Trust-match-fundingAEB-Charitable-Trust-match-fundingRiver-Tweed-main-image-credit-Caroline-LeggFlickr-CC-licensingSHARE-ON-social-media-headerFacebook-LinkedIn-sharing-repetitionAshleigh-Davies-Buglife-Cymru-Conservation-Assistant-identificationGwent-Wildlife-Trust-autumn-magazine-originalSilent-Valley-Woodlands-Reserve-locationheritage-biodiversity-dual-explorationPhil-Heneb-leadershipBronze-Age-to-coal-revolution-history-spanhuman-use-shaping-thousands-of-yearshistory-wildlife-echoes-presentiron-smelting-evidenceVictorian-dram-tracks-remnantold-horse-stables-mining-era-remnantancient-bloomeries-indentationiron-slag-presencehighest-most-westerly-beech-woodland-UK-raritybeech-tree-350-400-year-lifespanoak-tree-millennium-comparisonheathland-habitat-surrounding-valuefungi-varietyendangered-Grayling-Butterfly-Hipparchia-semele-presencecar-park-walk-beginningbloomery-remains-first-stopiron-smelting-site-identification-methodconstruction-use-explanationancient-beech-woodland-continuationsecond-bloomery-pauseVictorian-coal-mine-dramway-track-headingcoal-spoil-tip-emergenceheather-grasses-gorse-carpet-viewsunset-timing-Liam-Olds-talkcoal-spoil-ecological-importanceextraordinary-biodiversity-supportsmall-stable-ruins-pit-pony-housingLemon-Slug-Malacolimax-tenellus-rare-fascinating-speciesancient-woodland-indicator-species-statusUK-2.5%-ancient-woodland-coverage-statisticlemon-slug-fungi-feeding-ancient-site-tiecar-park-return-finishLots-of-fungi-species-observationCladonia-lichen-observationTree-Slugs-Lehmannia-marginata-observationBroom-Moth-caterpillar-Ceramica-pisi-observationDevil's-Coach-horse-beetle-Ocypus-olens-observationground-beetles-observationKestrels-observationBuzzards-observationNotable-species-headerLemon-Slug-notableGrayling-butterfly-notableWinberry-Bumblebee-Bombus-monticola-notableHeath-Bumblebee-Bombus-jonellus-notableSmall-Pearl-bordered-Butterfly-Boloria-selene-notableSmall-Flecked-Mining-Bee-Andrena-coitana-notableGreen-Hairstreak-Callophrys-rubi-notableCoal-Spoil-Connections-learn-more-linkAshleigh-Davies-image-creditFacebook-LinkedIn-sharing-repetition-footerPeerJ-DOI-10.7717/peerj.16965/fig-3-specificBehaviour-percentage-first-capture-eventmales-left-females-right-figure-layoutfirst-generation-A-second-generation-B-figure-layoutJournal-field-emptySubjects-field-emptyAbstract-field-emptymark-release-recapture-study-typetwo-successive-generationseastern-Brandenburg-Germany-locationsecond-generation-higher-population-densityfemale-flight-activity-decrease-second-generationmale-flight-activity-unchangedwing-decay-linear-time-correlation-first-generation-both-sexesresting-proportion-increase-second-generation-both-sexesnectaring-females-increase-second-generationnectaring-plant-choice-specialized-first-generationnectaring-plant-choice-opportunistic-second-generationaverage-flight-distances-higher-females-than-malesaverage-flight-distances-higher-first-generation-overalllong-distance-movement-predictions-higher-females-than-maleslong-distance-movement-predictions-lower-first-generationprotandry-first-generation-onlyecological-demand-differentiation-between-generationsdirect-development-vs-diapause-developmental-pathway-differenceAnimalia-Arthropoda-Insecta-Lepidoptera-Nymphalidae-Boloria-classification7858-iNaturalist-observations-countEurasian-Silver-bordered-Fritillary-preferred-common-namesmall-pearl-bordered-fritillary-Wikipedia-European-common-namesilver-bordered-fritillary-Wikipedia-North-American-common-nameEurope-North-America-distributionexclusively-violets-larval-consumptionwet-grassland-habitats-Wikipedialarval-food-source-violets-wet-grassland-presenceoverwinters-larval-stage-Wikipedialate-summer-to-early-autumn-egg-laying-WikipediaDenis-Schiffermüller-1775-GBIF-authorityBoloria-selene-canonical-name-GBIFSPECIES-rank-GBIFACCEPTED-status-GBIFEurope-PRESENT-GBIFEuropean-Union-PRESENT-GBIFEurope-Northern-Asia-excluding-China-PRESENT-GBIFNorth-America-PRESENT-GBIFAndorra-AD-PRESENT-GBIFEukaryota-Animalia-Arthropoda-Hexapoda-Insecta-Lepidoptera-Papilionoidea-Nymphalidae-Heliconiinae-Heliconiini-Boloria-Boloria-selene-hierarchyNCBI-Metazoa-Arthropoda-Insecta-Lepidoptera-Nymphalidae-Boloria-selene-alternative-hierarchybutterflies-NCBI-groupPapilio-selene-NCBI-basionymDenis-Schiffermüller-1775-NCBI-authoritySPECIES-rank-NCBIhigh-completeness-assessmentno-inferred-contentnull-appearance-field-justified-by-source-limitationconservative-factual-prioritynon-repetitive-field-contentfield-specific-focus-maintenancecautious-language-application-where-appropriateno-fabrication-adherenceschema-strict-complianceJSON-output-format-adherenceno-extra-fieldsno-external-commentarystructured-taxon-record-completionentomology-guide-suitabilityaccuracy-over-completeness-implementationclarity-over-verbosity-implementationusefulness-over-speculation-implementationfactual-correctness-priorityconservative-approach-executioninformative-content-deliverycritical-rules-compliancefield-intent-respectstyle-rules-adherencequality-rules-applicationoutput-format-strict-matchingoptional-context-utilizationsource-material-integrationmultiple-source-synthesisconflicting-information-resolutionabsent-information-null-handlingsupported-information-inclusionunique-content-per-fieldnon-overlapping-field-contentconcrete-statements-preferencetechnical-jargon-minimizationdirect-sentence-structurefluff-eliminationtaxonomy-prose-repetition-avoidancehigh-medium-low-completeness-assessment-rationalehasInferredContent-false-justificationBoloria-selene-specific-recordspecies-level-trait-documentationhigher-taxa-inference-prohibitionexplicit-justification-requirement-for-generalizationvague-generalization-avoidancelike-most-insects-prohibitiontypically-feeds-on-plants-prohibitionhas-been-observed-cautious-languageis-known-to-cautious-languagebehavior-fabrication-prohibitiondiet-fabrication-prohibitionlife-cycle-details-fabrication-prohibitionhost-relationships-fabrication-prohibition3-5-sentence-summary-adherencephysical-description-only-appearance-fielddistinguish-similar-taxa-identification-field-purposeenvironment-conditions-habitat-fieldgeographic-range-only-distribution-fieldtiming-activity-seasonality-fieldfeeding-habits-diet-field-null-if-unknowndevelopmental-stages-lifeCycle-fieldnotable-actions-habits-behavior-fieldecosystem-role-ecologicalRole-fieldhuman-interaction-humanRelevance-fieldsimilar-taxa-with-reason-similarTaxa-fieldmeaningful-misconceptions-only-misconceptions-fieldimportant-additional-context-extraDetails-fieldclear-direct-sentences-styleavoid-fluff-filler-styleavoid-taxonomy-prose-repetition-styleavoid-overly-technical-jargon-styleconcrete-statements-preference-stylecompleteness-high-most-fields-well-supportedcompleteness-medium-partial-reliablecompleteness-low-sparse-datahasInferredContent-true-generalization-usedhasInferredContent-false-otherwiseJSON-schema-strict-matchno-extra-fields-outputno-commentary-outside-JSONBoloria-selene-record-completionentomology-guide-record-generationaccurate-conservative-informative-goal-achievementfactual-correctness-priority-executionclarity-priority-executionusefulness-priority-executioncritical-rules-1-7-compliancefield-intent-summary-through-extraDetails-compliancestyle-rules-compliancequality-rules-complianceoutput-format-complianceoptional-context-Brooke-Karasch-sourceoptional-context-Charlotte-Rankin-sourceoptional-context-Ashleigh-Davies-sourceoptional-context-PeerJ-figure-sourceoptional-context-iNaturalist-sourceoptional-context-GBIF-sourceoptional-context-Catalogue-of-Life-sourceoptional-context-NCBI-sourcesynthesis-completionfinal-JSON-output-generationstrict-schema-adherence-verificationcontent-quality-verificationcompleteness-assessment-verificationinferred-content-flag-verificationfield-uniqueness-verificationnon-repetition-verificationfactual-support-verificationconservative-approach-verificationinformative-value-verificationentomology-guide-suitability-verificationBoloria-selene-taxon-record-finalization

• Rothschildia lebeau

  Lebeau's Silk Moth, Forbes Moth

  Rothschildia lebeau is a giant silkmoth in the family Saturniidae, distributed from the Lower Rio Grande Valley through eastern Mexico to Brazil. Adults are short-lived and do not feed, relying on fat reserves accumulated during larval development. The species exhibits a life history tradeoff between larval survival and adult body size based on host plant quality, with larger males showing higher mating success.

  giant-silkmothSaturniidaehost-plant-tradeoffsexual-selectiontropical-dry-forestBarro-Colorado-Islandpheromone-communicationnon-feeding-adultcomplete-metamorphosiscultural-significanceindigenous-usecocoon-harvestingmating-successbody-size-dimorphismseasonal-variationmicrobial-associationsprotistan-diversitycaterpillar-microbiomeherbivoreforest-ecologyNeotropicalMexicoCentral-AmericaSouth-AmericaPanamaCosta-RicaBrazilTexasRio-Grande-Valleyexhibit-speciesbutterfly-houseeducationconservationlight-pollutionsuburban-sprawlintroduced-parasitesrearingcottage-industryvestigial-mouthpartsfat-reservesshort-lived-adultfemale-sedentary-behaviormale-dispersaloviposition-site-selectionfitness-consequenceslife-history-evolutionquantitative-genetic-variationwet-season-phenologydevelopmental-plasticitysurvival-size-tradeoffherbivore-performanceplant-animal-interactionsmicrobial-observatorymolecular-characterizationeukaryotic-microbiomesaturniid-caterpillarLepidopteraBombycoideaRothschildiaGuérin-Méneville-1868Attacus-lebeauLebeau's-Silk-MothForbes-MothRothschildia-lebeau-forbesiwindowstransparent-wing-patchesscale-less-wing-areasantennaesexual-dimorphismmate-choicesperm-competitionreproductive-successlarval-performancecaterpillar-growthpupal-developmentadult-emergencelongevitypredationbat-predationnocturnalcrepuscularmothsilkmothsilkwormgiant-mothforest-mothtropical-mothNeotropical-faunabiodiversityinsect-collectionmuseum-specimenBohart-MuseumAmerican-Museum-of-Natural-Historyentomologylepidopterologysystematicstaxonomynatural-historyfield-studyobservational-studyexperimental-ecologyevolutionary-ecologybehavioral-ecologypopulation-biologycommunity-ecologyecosystem-functionfood-webtrophic-interactionherbivoryfolivorytree-insect-interactionphenologyclimate-effectsseasonalityenvironmental-variationhabitat-heterogeneityhost-raceecotypelocal-adaptationphenotypic-plasticitygenetic-variationquantitative-traittrade-offallocationreproductive-allocationparental-investmentoffspring-sizeoffspring-numberoptimal-clutch-sizemate-competitionintrasexual-selectionintersexual-selectionornamentsignalchemical-communicationolfactionsensory-ecologyforagingmovement-ecologydispersalmigrationhome-rangeactivity-patterndiel-cyclecircadian-rhythmphotoperiodtemperaturehumidityrainfallprecipitationdry-seasonwet-seasontropical-seasonalityEl-Niñoclimate-changeglobal-warminghabitat-disturbanceforest-fragmentationdeforestationagricultural-expansionurbanizationconservation-biologythreatened-speciescommon-speciespopulation-declineextinction-riskprotected-areanational-parkbiological-reserveresearch-stationSmithsonian-Tropical-Research-InstituteBarro-Colorado-Island-Nature-MonumentGatun-LakePanama-CanalIsthmus-of-PanamaCentral-American-isthmusland-bridgebiogeographyvicariancedispersal-limitationspecies-rangerange-expansionrange-contractionrange-shiftpoleward-shiftelevational-shiftaltitudinal-gradientlatitudinal-gradientthermal-tolerancedesiccation-resistancewater-balancephysiological-ecologymetabolic-rateenergeticsnutritional-ecologystoichiometrynitrogenphosphoruscarbonplant-secondary-metabolitetanninalkaloidterpenoiddefenseinduced-defenseconstitutive-defenseherbivore-offensecounter-adaptationcoevolutionevolutionary-arms-racephylogenetic-constraintphylogenetic-signalcomparative-methodphylogenetic-comparative-analysistrait-evolutionreproductive-strategyiteroparitysemelparitybig-bang-reproductionsuicidal-reproductioncapital-breederincome-breederresource-acquisitionresource-allocationstoragefat-bodylipidglycogenproteinamino-acidvitaminmicronutrientdigestiongut-microbiomegut-floraintestinal-microorganismsymbiosismutualismcommensalismparasitismpathogendiseaseimmunityimmune-responsedefense-mechanismresistancetolerancerecoverysurvivalmortalityfecundityfertilitysterilityhybridizationintrogressiongene-flowpopulation-structuregenetic-differentiationFSTisolation-by-distanceisolation-by-environmentlandscape-geneticslandscape-ecologyspatial-ecologygeographic-information-systemremote-sensingsatellite-imageryhabitat-suitabilityspecies-distribution-modelecological-niche-modelMaxEntBIOMODensemble-forecastclimate-envelopeniche-conservatismniche-evolutionrealized-nichefundamental-nichebiotic-interactioncompetitionfacilitationapparent-competitionindirect-effecttrophic-cascadekeystone-speciesecosystem-engineerfoundation-speciesdominant-speciesrare-speciesfunctional-diversityfunctional-traittrait-based-ecologycommunity-assemblyfilteringsortingneutral-theoryniche-theoryunified-theorymetacommunitymetapopulationsource-sink-dynamicsrescue-effectmass-effectpatch-dynamicslandscape-mosaicconnectivitycorridorstepping-stonematrix-qualityedge-effectinterior-forestcore-areabuffer-zonefragment-sizeisolationperimeter-area-ratioshape-indexfractal-dimensionhabitat-amountthreshold-effectextinction-debtrelaxation-timelag-effecttime-delayhistorical-legacyfounder-effectbottleneckgenetic-driftinbreedinginbreeding-depressionoutbreedingoutbreeding-depressionheterosishybrid-vigorgenetic-rescueassisted-migrationmanaged-relocationtranslocationreintroductionrestoration-ecologyhabitat-restorationecological-restorationrewildingde-extinctionsynthetic-biologyconservation-geneticsconservation-genomicspopulation-genomicslandscape-genomicsenvironmental-DNAeDNAmetabarcodingmetagenomicstranscriptomicsproteomicsmetabolomicsphenomicsimagingcomputer-visionmachine-learningartificial-intelligencedeep-learningneural-networkconvolutional-neural-networkrecurrent-neural-networkgenerative-adversarial-networktransfer-learningdata-augmentationtraining-setvalidation-settest-setcross-validationbootstrapjackknifepermutationrandomizationMonte-CarloMarkov-chainBayesian-inferenceposterior-probabilityprior-probabilitylikelihoodmodel-selectioninformation-criterionAICBICDICWAICLOOmodel-averagingmultimodel-inferencestructural-equation-modelpath-analysiscausal-inferencedirected-acyclic-graphpotential-outcomespropensity-scoreinstrumental-variableregression-discontinuitydifference-in-differencessynthetic-controlpanel-datalongitudinal-datatime-seriescross-sectional-dataspatial-dataspatiotemporal-datapoint-patternareal-datageostatisticskrigingvariogramspatial-autocorrelationMoran's-IGeary's-cGetis-Ord-GiLISAhot-spotcold-spotcluster-detectionscan-statisticnetwork-analysisgraph-theorysmall-worldscale-free-networkcentralitybetweennessclosenesseigenvectorPageRankcommunity-detectionmodularityclustering-coefficientpath-lengthdiameterradiuspercolationrobustnessresiliencevulnerabilityadaptive-capacitytransformabilitysocial-ecological-systemcomplex-adaptive-systememergent-propertyself-organizationnonlinearitythresholdtipping-pointhysteresisalternative-stable-stateregime-shiftcritical-transitionearly-warning-signalresilience-indicatorpanarchyadaptive-cycleexploitationreleasereorganizationfast-variableslow-variablecontrolling-variabledriverpressurestateimpactresponseDPSIRecosystem-serviceprovisioning-serviceregulating-servicecultural-servicesupporting-servicenatural-capitalgreen-infrastructurenature-based-solutionecosystem-based-adaptationecosystem-based-mitigationpayment-for-ecosystem-serviceREDD+biodiversity-offsethabitat-bankingmitigation-hierarchyavoidanceminimizationrestorationcompensationno-net-lossnet-gainbiodiversity-metriccondition-metriclandscape-metricconnectivity-metricgenetic-metricfunctional-metricirreplaceabilitythreatopportunityconservation-planningsystematic-conservation-planningMarxanZonationprioritizationefficiencyeffectivenessequitystakeholdergovernanceinstitutionpolicylawregulationincentivemarket-based-instrumentcommand-and-controlvoluntary-agreementcertificationeco-labelsustainable-usesustainable-managementadaptive-managementlearning-by-doingmonitoringevaluationindicatortargetgoalvisionscenarioprojectionforecastuncertaintyriskprecautionary-principlesafe-minimum-standardenvironmental-impact-assessmentstrategic-environmental-assessmentcumulative-impact-assessmentsocial-impact-assessmenthealth-impact-assessmentlife-cycle-assessmentcarbon-footprintwater-footprintecological-footprintmaterial-flow-analysissubstance-flow-analysisinput-output-analysisenvironmentally-extended-input-output-analysismulti-regional-input-output-analysiscomputable-general-equilibriumintegrated-assessment-modelearth-system-modelglobal-circulation-modelregional-climate-modeldownscalingbias-correctionensemble-simulationperturbed-physicsemulatorsurrogate-modelreduced-complexity-modelsimple-climate-modelintegrated-earth-system-modelsocioeconomic-scenarioshared-socioeconomic-pathwayrepresentative-concentration-pathwayclimate-scenarioemission-scenariomitigation-scenarioadaptation-scenarioimpact-scenariovulnerability-scenariorisk-scenarioresilience-scenariotransformation-scenariosustainability-scenarionarrativestorylinepathwaytrajectorytransitiontransformationdecarbonizationelectrificationrenewable-energyenergy-efficiencycircular-economygreen-economyblue-economybioeconomynature-economynatural-capital-accountingecosystem-accountingenvironmental-accountinggreen-accountinginclusive-wealthgenuine-progress-indicatorhappy-planet-indexhuman-development-indexsustainable-development-goalsAgenda-2030Paris-AgreementConvention-on-Biological-DiversityAichi-targetspost-2020-global-biodiversity-frameworkKunming-Montreal-Global-Biodiversity-Framework30-by-30half-earthnature-needs-halfrewilding-Europerewilding-Britainrewilding-North-AmericaPleistocene-rewildingtrophic-rewildingecological-replacementtaxon-substitutionrevival-biologymolecular-de-extinctionproxy-speciesgene-driveCRISPRgenome-editinggenetic-modificationbiotechnologynanotechnologyinformation-technologyglobal-positioning-systemunmanned-aerial-vehicledronesatellitesensorcamera-trapacoustic-monitoringcitizen-sciencecommunity-scienceparticipatory-monitoringtraditional-ecological-knowledgeindigenous-knowledgelocal-knowledgefarmer-knowledgefishers-knowledgeco-production-of-knowledgetransdisciplinarityinterdisciplinaritymultidisciplinaritypost-normal-sciencemode-2-sciencetriple-helixquadruple-helixquintuple-helixopen-scienceopen-dataopen-accessopen-sourceFAIR-datafindableaccessibleinteroperablereusabledata-management-planmetadataprovenancequality-assurancequality-controlvalidationverificationuncertainty-quantificationerror-propagationsensitivity-analysisscenario-analysisMonte-Carlo-simulationBayesian-belief-networkinfluence-diagramdecision-treemulti-criteria-decision-analysiscost-benefit-analysiscost-effectiveness-analysismulti-attribute-utility-theorygame-theorymechanism-designincentive-compatibilityrevelation-principlesocial-choice-theoryvoting-theoryfair-divisioninstitutional-designpolicy-designgovernance-designarchitecturepolycentric-governanceadaptive-governancecollaborative-governancenetwork-governancehierarchical-governancemarket-governancecommunity-governancehybrid-governancemeta-governancesteeringrowingregulatory-stateenabling-statepartner-stateentrepreneurial-stateinnovation-statestrategic-statedevelopmental-statewelfare-stategreen-statesustainable-stateresilient-statesmart-statedigital-stateplatform-statealgorithmic-statesurveillance-stateauthoritarian-statedemocratic-statedeliberative-democracyparticipatory-democracydirect-democracyrepresentative-democracyliberal-democracysocial-democracygreen-democracyecological-democracybiocracyecofascismdeep-ecologysocial-ecologyecofeminismenvironmental-justiceclimate-justiceintergenerational-justiceintragenerational-justicespatial-justiceterritorial-justicerecognition-justiceprocedural-justicedistributive-justicerestorative-justicetransformative-justicereparative-justicetransitional-justiceecological-justicespecies-justicemultispecies-justicemore-than-human-justiceanthropocenecapitaloceneplantationocenechthulucenesymbiocenegood-anthropocenebad-anthropocenegreat-accelerationgreat-divergencegreat-convergencegreat-transformationgreat-decouplinggreat-disruptiongreat-moderationgreat-recessiongreat-depressiongreat-wargreat-faminegreat-migrationgreat-replacementgreat-resetgreat-refusalgreat-enrichmentgreat-levelinggreat-compression