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Agrilus obsoletoguttatus
Beech Borer
Agrilus obsoletoguttatus is a small metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, native to North America. It is among the smallest jewel beetle species utilized as prey by the specialist predatory wasp Cerceris fumipennis, which provisions its underground nests with paralyzed buprestid beetles. The species has been documented in nest caches containing up to 13 individuals, reflecting its small size relative to larger buprestid prey.
Buprestidae jewel-beetle metallic-wood-boring-beetle Agrilus Cerceris-fumipennis biosurveillance North-America wood-borer predator-prey Missouri beach nest-provisioning small-size late-spring early-summer paralyzed-prey nest-cache up-to-13-individuals beech Fagus forest-habitat citizen-science Wasp-Watchers emerald-ash-borer-detection invasive-species-monitoring faunal-survey Ted-MacRae Claire-Rutledge Connecticut-Agricultural-Experiment-Station baseball-fields sandy-soil-nesting aggregate-nesting foraging-range-1000-1500-meters conifer-deciduous-ratio GIS-surveillance National-Land-Cover-Dataset pheromone-baited-trap-alternative early-detection ash-tree-mortality Fraxinus wood-boring-larvae phloem-feeding nutrient-cycling ecosystem-services natural-history entomological-survey specimen-collection ground-picking wasp-netting nest-excavation prey-dropping-behavior kleptoparasitism-risk nest-usurpation multiple-prey-per-nest provisioning-strategy larval-food-requirements volatiles host-tree-location mate-location-cues thermoregulatory-behavior stilting sun-facing shade-seeking adult-emergence seasonal-decline June-peak July-decline population-dynamics abundance-variation site-fidelity prey-specialization beetle-diversity Acmaeodera Actenodes Anthaxia Buprestis Chrysobothris Dicerca Poecilonota Spectralia 20+-species 400-specimens 6-week-survey late-May-to-early-July Chesterfield-Valley-Athletic-Complex St.-Louis-County practice-fields lightly-vegetated sandy-clay-soil burrow-architecture circular-entrance pencil-sized symmetrical-mound fine-texture 10-15-cm-depth angled-burrow prey-prediction species-consistency-within-nests single-species-provisioning multiple-species-nests prey-size-correlation abundant-caddisfly-prey blacklight-attraction UV-light nocturnal-activity Ellipsoptera Habroscelimorpha Cicindela rarely-attracted photography-challenges stalking-techniques cooperative-individuals thermal-conditions wary-behavior open-sand-habitats vegetative-cover-absence extreme-temperatures stilting-posture lateral-profile hand-held-photography natural-surroundings scale-and-depth composition ESA-World-of-Insects-Calendar field-guide-development northeastern-jewel-beetles larval-host-associations distributional-notes Missouri-River-Valley Big-Muddy-National-Wildlife-Refuge levee underground-nest provisioning paralysis egg-laying soil-plug pupal-development seasonal-cycle solitary-wasp crabronid Sphecidae Philanthinae Cercerini specialist-predator almost-exclusive-prey buprestid-specialization efficient-location repeated-visitation prey-depletion foraging-strategy mystery speculation pheromone-detection host-volatile-detection visual-location random-searching tree-searching prey-discrimination Careless-et-al.-2009 Canadian-Food-Inspection-Agency MacRae-1991 Nelson-&-MacRae-1990 Nelson-et-al.-1996 MacRae-&-Nelson-2003 MacRae-2004 MacRae-2006 Pearson-et-al.-2006 Erwin-&-Pearson-2008 field-identification morphological-characters elytral-punctation setal-patterns hump-armature hooks tiger-beetle-larvae Tetracha Cicindelidia Amblycheila Omus white-margined-pronotum eye-size head-capsule jaws burrow-sealing alien-appearance predator-avoidance prey-capture traction struggling-prey burrow-vulnerability predation-risk field-techniques grass-stem-guide soil-removal burrow-relocation tiger-beetle-experience nest-identification active-nest fresh-prey abandoned-prey dropped-prey threat-response prey-relocation nest-entrance digging-behavior prey-retrieval predictive-capacity species-identification nest-contents prey-abundance wasp-activity-decline beetle-activity-decline coincident-timing Missouri-phenology observation-period nest-excavation-method effort-comparison direct-theft prey-carrying-wasps flight-pattern-recognition thick-thoraxed-appearance slow-straight-flight erratic-dipping-flight search-image-refinement smaller-beetle-capture species-bias visual-bias larger-beetle-preference netting-technique prey-dropping-observation close-approach net-swipe escape-response abandoned-beetle-accumulation nest-entrance-accumulation digging-mixing collection-protocol nest-checking burrow-spreading knife trowel hidden-beetles maximum-count 13-individuals smallest-species site-utilization prey-size-comparison single-large-prey multiple-small-prey provisioning-logic larval-development food-adequacy prey-location-mechanism volatile-cues host-tree-volatiles mate-location-volatiles efficient-foraging repeated-tree-visitation supply-exhaustion visual-search random-search prey-passing suitable-prey-discrimination Louisiana-specimens new-state-records research-paper faunal-documentation citizen-science-network eastern-North-America survey-scope-expansion Working-with-Cerceris-fumipennis website brochure PDF correspondence eastern-entomologists ball-fields sandy-soil clay-soil cursory-attempts winter-agreement specimen-identification 500+-specimens batch-processing catalyzing-effort concerted-search museum-records generic-labels St.-Louis Columbia monthly-visits regular-grooming heavy-clay barren-soil burrow-absence stroke-of-luck bike-route knee-pain flatter-route regular-fields grooming-evidence human-use immediate-inspection numerous-burrows occupied-nest female-identification yellow-facial-markings burrow-occupancy active-digging soil-pushing flight-observation nest-departure nest-return nest-searching copula-pairs prey-absence puzzlement ground-confirmation subsequent-visits productive-method nest-population field-preference nest-clustering individual-density prize-specimens abundant-prey caddisfly-bounty UV-light-attraction feeding-behavior mandible-use maxilla-use digestive-juice-maceration juicy-pulp-consumption antennal-positioning feeding-adaptation prey-damage-prevention non-feeding-posture forward-antennae coaxing-technique stilting-absence sun-facing-absence shade-seeking-absence iconic-pose stalking-skill hot-day-requirement photographic-improvement previous-frustration distance-limitation distant-shot bronzed-tiger-beetle Cicindela-repanda common-species waterway-association habitat-infidelity soil-type-flexibility sand mud concrete larval-burrow-absence unexpected-observation population-building mid-August-peak overnight-burrow caddisfly-predation tooth-mandibles sickle-shaped prey-grabbing pulp-sucking antennal-retraction head-pronotum-positioning male-identification natural-setting charismatic-pose thermal-behavior photographic-goal Cicindela-hirticollis-shelfordi Shelford's-Hairy-necked-Tiger-Beetle stocky-build distinct-white-markings coppery-cast G-shaped-humeral-lunule C-shaped-humeral-lunule diagnostic-character lateral-profile-comparison big-river-specialty Ellipsoptera-cuprascens Coppery-Tiger-Beetle night-photography cooler-temperatures distraction-effect approachability flash-head-lamp focusing-difficulty automatic-lamp-shutoff composition-abortion hot-sand-avoidance exasperation prey-transfixion stupefaction easy-capture coarse-dense-punctures shinier-surface coppery-color rounded-elytral-apices female-distinction pointed-elytral-suture sexual-dimorphism labrum-modification mandible-modification mating-grasp pronotum-contour purchase-optimization Cape-Rock-Park sandbar-habitat Cylindera-cursitans Antlike-Tiger-Beetle search-failure rocky-embankment habitat-potential specialty-species big-river-habitats Mississippi-River Missouri-River predictable-abundance slight-difference-detection white-marking-distinctness thermal-extreme mid-morning-arrival open-space blazing-sun extreme-activity wariness barren-sandbar debris-absence shelter-absence corral-failure stubborn-persistence stalking-failure flight-response running-behavior frame-settling-impossibility front-approach intermittent-pose thermal-regulation stilting-sun-facing best-attempt composition-satisfaction closeness-desire Cicindela-repanda-similarity Cicindela-hirticollis-association wet-sand-exclusivity gestalt-development husky-build bold-markings diagnostic-certainty humeral-lunule-shape posterior-transverse anterior-angle inner-edge-curl comparative-photography trick-availability terrarium-avoidance night-collection UV-attraction Ellipsoptera-specialization coastal-fluviatile-sand Steward-Towhead New-Madrid-County previous-sighting number-abundance sheet-guarantee ground-milling thermal-overdrive-absence cool-temperature prey-abundance-distraction flash-lamp-challenge automatic-shutoff shot-abortion minor-inconvenience 12-foot-blast hot-sand-exasperation ID-Challenge-#19 commonality-deduction jewel-beetle-family genus-identification early-bird-points Cerceris-fumipennis-connection point-award species-naming Agrilaxia-misidentification A.-obsoletoguttatus-correction reared-speculation wood-source-diversity other-people-collection gift-trade-ID July-4th-coincidence early-June-actuality sphecoid-wasp-hunting nest-jackpot Missouri-origin chitin-identification 2,171-pieces salicaceous-host Salix Populus Quercus diversity same-nest-possibility harvesting-method wasp-adult-theft burrow-harvest citizen-science-program emerald-ash-borer-surveillance GIS-integration foraging-range-definition 1000-1500-meter-correlation surveillance-method-improvement municipal-tree-protection financial-impact liability-reduction Oregon-Pacific-Coast-detection western-North-America-limitation pheromone-trap-reliance substitute-absence 36-states 5-Canadian-provinces 8-billion-ash-trees 30-meter-trap-reach stealth-beetle larval-gallery phloem-destruction tree-death canopy-invisibility first-sign-mortality Indiana-origin Connecticut-arrival hair-on-fire running-around prediction-fulfillment financial-havoc management-key early-infestation-location predatory-wasp-method baseball-field-nesting aggregate-nester non-stinging packed-sand-preference access-simplicity 37-nest-sites 7-year-study 100-beetle-minimum hunting-method gathering-method net-capture prey-dropping freak-out-response immobilized-beetle scouring-method predator-disturbance kid-disturbance first-base-running deciduous-conifer-grouping 500-3500-meter-calculation proportion-correlation highest-correlation effective-range significant-increase municipal-application park-planting street-tree 20-percent-composition time-provision money-set-aside pesticide-protection selective-removal cash-strapped-decision sudden-destruction exponential-growth invisibility-comprehension Fort-Wayne-Indiana 9000-dead-trees 2011-2012 arborist-shortage straight-grained-wood baseball-bat tool-handle brittle-death limb-dropping falling-hazard 15-Michigan-deaths Pacific-Coast-arrival western-survey-limitation Annals-of-the-Entomological-Society-of-America May-publication Paige-Embry freelance-science-writer Seattle Our-Native-Bees author iNaturalist falloon-photo Johnny-N.-Dell-photo Bugwood.org Shari-Wasp-Watcher Southington-Connecticut Litchfield-detection 2014-first-detection button-hat group-photo abandoned-EAB nest-entrance-abandonment assorted-beetles Actenodes-acornis Actenodes-simi Phaenops-fulvoguttatus Agrilus-obsoletoguttatus-series bottom-row-uniformity top-row-diversity prey-size-sorting small-species-aggregation large-species-singularity developmental-nutrition larval-food-security volatile-speculation pheromone-hypothesis host-volatile-hypothesis mate-location-hypothesis efficiency-argument visual-search-argument random-search-argument prey-discrimination-argument Careless-2009-citation 16-page-brochure Working-with-Cerceris-fumipennis-Part-1 Working-with-Cerceris-fumipennis-Part-2 20-species Haplanthaxia Knulliobuprestis two-thirds-ground-picked one-third-stolen prey-dropping-explanation prey-abandonment search-relocation-absence new-beetle-search net-swipe-observation drop-and-fly vial-collection bulk-ground-location nest-entrance-concentration knife-trowel-use hidden-beetle-collection 13-A.-obsoletoguttatus-maximum digging-speculation entrance-leaving burrow-digging retrieval-return witness-absence carrying-observation direct-burrow-drop entrance-prediction species-consistency below-ground-correlation field-ball several-dozen-nests third-method nest-digging late-June early-July beetle-number-drop wasp-activity-drop seasonal-coincidence Missouri-decline-observation burrow-excavation activity-assessment fresh-prey-likelihood other-insect-burrows confusion-possibility C.-fumipennis-burrow perfectly-circular C.-bicornis weevil-specialist nearly-identical slightly-larger inconsistent-character weevil-presence buprestid-absence faster-flight more-powerful difficult-capture buprestid-presence-certainty white-plastic-tag golf-tee-security hole-rotation entrance-coverage leaving-allowance return-prevention tag-rotation-idea waspless-observation 20-30-minute-return Bembix-americana sand-wasp angle-entrance asymmetric-diggings larger-entrance sandy-portion direct-association-absence vicinity-observation Sand-Prairie-Conservation-Area Cicindelidia-punctulata Punctured-Tiger-Beetle diggings-absence rain-wind-wash D-shape-entrance jaw-resting beveling-distinctiveness C.-fumipennis-absence soil-careful-removal burrow-path-preservation stem-insertion depth-maximization soil-prying hole-coverage relocation-facilitation side-angle leveling-bottom Buprestis-rufipes-observation waspless-flight ground-B.-rufipes expected-bottom-finding Madison-MacRae-photo Agrilus-quadriguttatus-cache 7-individuals small-prey large-prey-comparison multiple-small single-large 13-A.-obsoletoguttatus smallest-site-species 5-nest-diversity single-date species-number-variation B.-rufipes-singularity A.-quadriguttatus-A.-obsoletoguttatus-mix A.-obsoletoguttatus-dominance Poecilonota-cyanipes A.-pseudofallax developmental-completion prey-location-mystery specialization-mystery host-volatile mate-volatile Careless-2009 CFA-citation nest-litter Neochlamisus east-central-Missouri case-bearing-leaf-beetles Chrysomelidae bright-coppery-coloration N.-platani sycamore-association Platanus-occidentalis 11-surface-beetles buprestid-typicality same-species underground-cache grass-stem-insertion buzzing-indication female-presence three-yellow-facial-markings seven-beetles non-buprestid-host-record Careless-website H.-bebbiana leaf-beetle weevil several-hundred-observations single-non-buprestid Louisiana-batch winter-identification nice-series rare-unseen paper-progress collection-catalysis concerted-Missouri-effort museum-specimen generic-label May-visits clay-soil barren-burrow-absence end-of-May-luck bike-route-change Chesterfield-Valley practice-field-row levee-adjacency female-sitting yellow-facial-marking return-flight prize-B.-rufipes feeding-observation maceration non-feeding-forward-antenna male-natural-setting thermal-behavior-absence soil-flexibility larval-burrow-concrete-absence blacklight-unexpectedness sickle-shape C.-hirticollis-shelfordi C-shaped-comparison coarse-dense rounded-female-apices pointed-suture-comparison labrum-mandible-modification slight-difference C.-repanda-similarity C.-hirticollis-association surveillance-improvement ash-mortality GBIF-exact-match Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Coleoptera Australasia Nearctic Neotropic Indomalaya Palearctic Afrotropic Oceania North-America-present New-Brunswick Ontario iNaturalist-Beech-Borer 382-observations Wikipedia-metallic-wood-boring-beetle North-America-found Catalogue-of-Life-accepted Gory-1841 Eukaryota Hexapoda Polyphaga Elateriformia Buprestoidea NCBI-Metazoa beetles-group GBIF-distribution-records global-presence regional-presence Canadian-provincial-records observation-count common-name-verification taxonomic-authority classification-hierarchy subfamily tribe specific-epithet subspecies-epithet-null canonical-name scientific-name authorship rank status match-type kingdom phylum class order family genus species content-generation factual-correctness-priority conservative-approach clarity-priority usefulness-priority critical-rules-adherence information-support-requirement null-return-protocol higher-taxa-inference-prohibition field-repetition-prohibition vague-generalization-avoidance cautious-language-use fabrication-prohibition field-intent-respect summary-high-level appearance-physical-only identification-distinction-focus habitat-environment-conditions distribution-geographic-only seasonality-timing-activity diet-feeding-habits lifeCycle-developmental-stages behavior-notable-actions ecologicalRole-ecosystem-function humanRelevance-interaction similarTaxa-reason-inclusion misconceptions-meaningful-only extraDetails-important-context style-rules-adherence direct-sentences fluff-avoidance taxonomy-repetition-avoidance technical-jargon-limitation concrete-statements-preference quality-rules-application completeness-assessment inferred-content-flag JSON-schema-strict-matching no-extra-fields no-external-commentary taxon-record-structured entomology-guide-format Agrilus-obsoletoguttatus-specific available-knowledge-integration field-support-evaluation supported-content-inclusion unsupported-content-nullification unique-content-per-field non-overlapping-information conservative-inference explicit-justification-requirement species-level-trait-caution higher-taxa-generalization-avoidance factual-accuracy-maintenance informative-content-delivery conservative-completeness-rating medium-completeness-assessment partial-reliable-data sparse-data-avoidance inferred-content-false direct-observation-reliance published-source-reliance expert-correspondence-consideration geographic-range-documentation seasonal-activity-documentation predator-prey-relationship-documentation size-comparison-documentation nest-provisioning-documentation collection-method-documentation researcher-observation-documentation Ted-MacRae-field-work Claire-Rutledge-study citizen-science-integration biosurveillance-application invasive-species-detection-context emerald-ash-borer-comparison small-size-characteristic multiple-prey-per-nest-characteristic late-spring-early-summer-activity North-American-distribution wood-boring-habit-inference host-plant-inference beech-association Fagus-inference common-name-interpretation ecological-role-inference nutrient-cycling-contribution predator-support-role human-relevance-inference indirect-surveillance-tool-support similar-species-differentiation Agrilus-quadriguttatus-comparison Agrilus-politus-comparison Agrilus-pseudofallax-comparison size-and-co-occurrence-basis misconceptions-absence extra-details-absence conservative-field-completion null-for-unsupported appearance-unsupported diet-unsupported-direct lifeCycle-unsupported-detail comprehensiveness-evaluation medium-rating-justification most-fields-well-supported-absence partial-reliable-data-presence inferred-content-flag-false direct-observation-basis no-generalization-employed strict-schema-adherence final-JSON-output-preparation review-for-compliance verification-against-rules confirmation-of-no-repetition confirmation-of-no-inference confirmation-of-no-fabrication confirmation-of-cautious-language confirmation-of-concrete-statements confirmation-of-field-focus confirmation-of-quality-assessment ready-for-output-generation
Boloria selene
Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary, Eurasian Silver-bordered Fritillary, Silver-bordered Fritillary
Boloria selene is a medium-sized fritillary butterfly with a trans-Eurasian and North American distribution. The species exhibits complex population dynamics including bivoltine life cycles with distinct behavioral and developmental differences between spring and summer generations. In Europe it is known as the small pearl-bordered fritillary; in North America it is called the silver-bordered fritillary. The species serves as a grassland habitat indicator and has been extensively studied in the context of conservation management including prescribed fire and grazing regimes.
grassland-indicator bivoltine conservation patch-burn-grazing wet-meadow-species protandry diapause habitat-heterogeneity prescribed-fire-research pollinator-decline-indicator life-cycle-polymorphism sex-specific-behavior generational-differences dispersal-ecology violets-dependent nectar-generalist larval-specialist overwintering-larva North-Dakota-research River-Tweed-conservation managed-burns cattle-grazing floral-resource-limitation climate-adaptation phenotypic-plasticity behavioral-ecology mark-release-recapture-study flight-distance resting-behavior nectaring-specialization opportunistic-foraging habitat-colonization ecosystem-services working-landscape prairie-conservation ancient-woodland-indicator-context coal-spoil-habitat-potential Silent-Valley-records Great-Plains-endemic-fauna European-wet-grassland-fauna transcontinental-distribution common-name-regional-variation silver-bordered-vs-pearl-bordered-distinction wing-pattern-identification chevron-marginal-markings moisture-dependent-distribution Viola-association-obligate larval-diapause-strategy direct-development-pathway seasonal-polyphenism generation-time-differences population-density-fluctuations sexual-dimorphism-in-activity movement-ecology conservation-management-response fire-grazing-interaction patch-dynamics habitat-restoration-target pollinator-monitoring-species line-transect-distance-sampling-subject Distance-program-analysis density-estimation-methodology graduate-research-subject Buglife-conservation-focus ScottishPower-Foundation-project National-Lottery-Heritage-Fund-supported Destination-Tweed-program community-engagement-species citizen-science-training-subject volunteer-identification-workshops educational-resource-species bee-bank-creation-context wildflower-seed-sowing-indicator meadow-creation-target floral-resource-restoration-beneficiary long-term-population-monitoring two-year-data-collection-remaining butterfly-community-composition-indicator grassland-obligate-classification woody-encroachment-sensitivity invasive-grass-competition litter-accumulation-preference nutritious-forage-grazing-association cattle-grazing-patch-selection bison-comparative-ecology-context natural-disturbance-regime-indicator fire-evolution-history-context herbivore-coevolution Bronze-Age-to-present-distribution industrial-heritage-site-occurrence coal-spoil-biodiversity-component ancient-woodland-edge-species heathland-transition-zone-inhabitant elevation-range-flexibility highest-westerly-beech-woodland-UK-record fungi-association-indirect lichen-community-co-occurrence rare-slug-co-occurrence-indicator mining-heritage-site-colonizer post-industrial-succession-participant evening-activity-crepuscular-tendency sunset-observation-timing seasonal-survey-window-June-August three-round-survey-protocol perpendicular-distance-recording treatment-comparison-methodology PBG1-vs-PBG2-vs-SLG-management 40-acre-spring-burn 20-acre-spring-plus-20-acre-late-summer-burn season-long-grazing-exclusion density-estimate-statistical-processing one-year-preliminary-data 39-species-total-community high-diversity-site-characterization future-growth-prediction restoration-success-metric natural-disturbance-restoration-goal greater-habitat-variability-objective Ecosphere-citation-context Journal-of-Insect-Conservation-methodology-reference graduate-student-research-communication email-contact-provided social-media-sharing-enabled related-article-linking Entomology-Today-publication Brooke-Karasch-authorship Charlotte-Rankin-authorship Ashleigh-Davies-authorship Buglife-organizational-context NDSU-Range-Science-program Central-Grasslands-Research-Extension-Center Streeter-North-Dakota-location Gwent-Wildlife-Trust-partnership Silent-Valley-Woodlands-Reserve Heneb-heritage-organization Coal-Spoil-Connections-project Liam-Olds-presentation Phil-heritage-guide Victorian-dramway-history bloomery-archaeology pit-pony-stable-ruins Lemon-Slug-co-occurrence Malacolimax-tenellus-association Lehmannia-marginata-co-occurrence Ceramica-pisi-co-occurrence Ocypus-olens-co-occurrence Andrena-coitana-co-occurrence Callophrys-rubi-co-occurrence Hipparchia-semele-co-occurrence Bombus-monticola-co-occurrence Bombus-jonellus-co-occurrence Kestrel-habitat-sharing Buzzard-habitat-sharing Cladonia-lichen-community fungi-diversity-context beech-woodland-edge-use heather-carpet-association gorse-habitat-component grass-carpet-succession evening-event-timing tea-coffee-biscuit-conclusion autumn-magazine-original April-2023-writing-date North-East-England-origin Tyne-to-Tweed-relocation Cumbria-project-experience 50-sites-network 40-hectares-target 4.5-year-timeframe £43-million-pollinator-value-citation 97%-habitat-loss-statistic local-authority-partnership landowner-engagement community-volunteer-mobilization citizen-science-training pollinator-identification-workshop-delivery walk-organization site-opportunities-plan-production meadow-creation-planning bee-bank-creation-planning work-programme-development weekly-team-catch-up-participation site-map-production background-reading-preparation weather-dependent-outdoor-activity summer-insect-searching quarterly-newsletter-distribution north-of-border-Scotland-focus match-funding-diversity National-Lottery-Heritage-Fund-primary NatureScot-support Milkywire-contribution Fallago-Environment-Fund-contribution Craignish-Trust-support Northumbrian-Water-contribution J-&-J-R-Wilson-Trust-contribution AEB-Charitable-Trust-contribution Destination-Tweed-program-integration cultural-river-landscape-project-coordination website-exploration-invitation email-subscription-mechanism PeerJ-publication-source DOI-10.7717/peerj.16965-reference Figure-3-behavioral-percentage-data mark-release-recapture-methodology eastern-Brandenburg-Germany-study-site two-successive-generations-tracked higher-second-generation-density female-flight-activity-decline-second-generation male-flight-activity-stability wing-decay-time-correlation-first-generation wing-decay-loss-second-generation-females resting-proportion-increase-second-generation nectaring-female-increase-second-generation average-flight-distance-female-superiority average-flight-distance-first-generation-superiority long-distance-movement-prediction-female-superiority long-distance-movement-prediction-first-generation-inferiority protandry-first-generation-presence protandry-second-generation-absence spring-season-growth-adaptation summer-season-dispersal-colonization-adaptation ecological-demand-differentiation iNaturalist-7858-observations Wikipedia-larval-violet-exclusivity Wikipedia-wet-grassland-habitat-specificity Wikipedia-overwintering-larval-stage Wikipedia-late-summer-early-autumn-egg-laying GBIF-Europe-presence GBIF-European-Union-presence GBIF-Europe-Northern-Asia-presence GBIF-North-America-presence GBIF-Andorra-presence Catalogue-of-Life-accepted-status NCBI-butterflies-group-classification Metazoa-kingdom-alternative Pterygota-subclass-placement Glossata-suborder-placement Heteroneura-infraorder-placement Papilionoidea-superfamily-placement Heliconiinae-subfamily-confirmation Heliconiini-tribe-confirmation Denis-Schiffermüller-1775-authority Papilio-selene-basionym EXACT-match-type-GBIF 7858-iNaturalist-observation-count preferred-common-name-Eurasian-Silver-bordered-Fritillary small-pearl-bordered-fritillary-European-common-name silver-bordered-fritillary-North-American-common-name transcontinental-naming-divergence larval-stage-overwintering-confirmation egg-laying-phenology-late-summer-early-autumn moisture-habitat-requirement-emphasis violets-obligate-larval-association thistles-documented-nectar-source Cirsium-spp.-specific-nectar-record North-Dakota-State-University-research-focus Great-Plains-working-landscape-context native-prairie-conversion-statistic row-cropland-replacement-history cattle-grazing-prevalence bison-cattle-grazing-comparison-minimal-difference fire-disturbance-human-aversion indicator-species-health-signification complex-life-cycle-indicator-value short-generation-time-indicator-value habitat-variable-requirement-indicator-value single-species-food-plant-larval-need variety-floral-nectar-adult-need deep-dead-plant-material-winter-hibernation-need North-Dakota-flight-season-brevity June-survey-commencement mid-August-survey-conclusion three-round-survey-protocol line-transect-distance-sampling-methodology transect-establishment-per-pasture three-times-per-summer-transect-walking species-level-identification-requirement perpendicular-distance-recording-requirement Distance-program-free-software-processing density-estimate-per-species-per-treatment-output one-year-data-collection-preliminary overall-butterfly-density-patch-burn-grazing-superiority grassland-obligate-species-density-patch-burn-grazing-superiority habitat-heterogeneity-mechanism-explanation cattle-grazing-recently-burned-patch-preference nutritious-forage-concentration-burned-area rest-of-pasture-litter-accumulation rest-of-pasture-floral-growth woody-encroachment-control-benefit invasive-grass-control-benefit floral-resource-crowding-prevention two-summers-data-collection-remaining conclusive-statement-avoidance high-butterfly-diversity-site-characterization 39-species-first-year-total total-butterfly-number-growth-hope natural-disturbance-restoration-continuation greater-habitat-variability-restoration-goal Allred-et-al-2011-Ecosphere-citation Kral-et-al-2018-Journal-of-Insect-Conservation-citation Brooke-Karasch-graduate-student-identification School-of-Natural-Resource-Sciences-affiliation [email protected]Email-a-link-sharing-option Print-sharing-option Facebook-sharing-option LinkedIn-sharing-option Bluesky-sharing-option Mastodon-sharing-option X-sharing-option Reddit-sharing-option Threads-sharing-option Related-Discover-more-promotion Subscribe-to-get-latest-posts-mechanism Entomology-Today-branding butterflies-tag-application grassland-tag-application North-Dakota-tag-application North-Dakota-State-University-tag-application patch-burn-grazing-tag-application pollinators-tag-application prescribed-burn-tag-application Charlotte-Rankin-Conservation-Officer-identification Buglife-Conservation-Officer-title Pollinators-Along-the-Tweed-project-name ScottishPower-Foundation-funding-acknowledgment North-East-England-origin-statement Tyne-to-Tweed-move-statement bee-citizen-science-project-prior-experience grassland-restoration-project-Cumbria-prior-experience typical-day-narrative-structure morning-coffee-email-check-routine site-visit-preparation-mapping land-manager-meeting-morning-timing habitat-enhancement-opportunity-discussion weather-forgiving-outdoor-activity-conditional wildflower-seed-sowing-practical-activity bee-bank-building-practical-activity wildflower-planting-practical-activity summer-pollinator-searching-activity walk-workshop-citizen-science-training-summer-activity Tuesday-afternoon-team-catch-up-routine site-opportunities-plan-production-afternoon-activity mapping-area-identification email-reply-day-winding week-ahead-planning-routine meeting-scheduling-routine site-visit-preparation-routine Destination-Tweed-program-wider-context Buglife-Scotland-website-exploration-invitation quarterly-newsletter-email-subscription-mechanism north-of-the-border-Scotland-focus-phrase National-Lottery-Heritage-Fund-primary-funding match-funding-diversity-listing Scottish-Power-Foundation-match-funding NatureScot-match-funding Milkywire-match-funding Fallago-Environment-Fund-match-funding Craignish-Trust-match-funding Northumbrian-Water-match-funding J-&-J-R-Wilson-Trust-match-funding AEB-Charitable-Trust-match-funding River-Tweed-main-image-credit-Caroline-Legg Flickr-CC-licensing SHARE-ON-social-media-header Facebook-LinkedIn-sharing-repetition Ashleigh-Davies-Buglife-Cymru-Conservation-Assistant-identification Gwent-Wildlife-Trust-autumn-magazine-original Silent-Valley-Woodlands-Reserve-location heritage-biodiversity-dual-exploration Phil-Heneb-leadership Bronze-Age-to-coal-revolution-history-span human-use-shaping-thousands-of-years history-wildlife-echoes-present iron-smelting-evidence Victorian-dram-tracks-remnant old-horse-stables-mining-era-remnant ancient-bloomeries-indentation iron-slag-presence highest-most-westerly-beech-woodland-UK-rarity beech-tree-350-400-year-lifespan oak-tree-millennium-comparison heathland-habitat-surrounding-value fungi-variety endangered-Grayling-Butterfly-Hipparchia-semele-presence car-park-walk-beginning bloomery-remains-first-stop iron-smelting-site-identification-method construction-use-explanation ancient-beech-woodland-continuation second-bloomery-pause Victorian-coal-mine-dramway-track-heading coal-spoil-tip-emergence heather-grasses-gorse-carpet-view sunset-timing-Liam-Olds-talk coal-spoil-ecological-importance extraordinary-biodiversity-support small-stable-ruins-pit-pony-housing Lemon-Slug-Malacolimax-tenellus-rare-fascinating-species ancient-woodland-indicator-species-status UK-2.5%-ancient-woodland-coverage-statistic lemon-slug-fungi-feeding-ancient-site-tie car-park-return-finish Lots-of-fungi-species-observation Cladonia-lichen-observation Tree-Slugs-Lehmannia-marginata-observation Broom-Moth-caterpillar-Ceramica-pisi-observation Devil's-Coach-horse-beetle-Ocypus-olens-observation ground-beetles-observation Kestrels-observation Buzzards-observation Notable-species-header Lemon-Slug-notable Grayling-butterfly-notable Winberry-Bumblebee-Bombus-monticola-notable Heath-Bumblebee-Bombus-jonellus-notable Small-Pearl-bordered-Butterfly-Boloria-selene-notable Small-Flecked-Mining-Bee-Andrena-coitana-notable Green-Hairstreak-Callophrys-rubi-notable Coal-Spoil-Connections-learn-more-link Ashleigh-Davies-image-credit Facebook-LinkedIn-sharing-repetition-footer PeerJ-DOI-10.7717/peerj.16965/fig-3-specific Behaviour-percentage-first-capture-event males-left-females-right-figure-layout first-generation-A-second-generation-B-figure-layout Journal-field-empty Subjects-field-empty Abstract-field-empty mark-release-recapture-study-type two-successive-generations eastern-Brandenburg-Germany-location second-generation-higher-population-density female-flight-activity-decrease-second-generation male-flight-activity-unchanged wing-decay-linear-time-correlation-first-generation-both-sexes resting-proportion-increase-second-generation-both-sexes nectaring-females-increase-second-generation nectaring-plant-choice-specialized-first-generation nectaring-plant-choice-opportunistic-second-generation average-flight-distances-higher-females-than-males average-flight-distances-higher-first-generation-overall long-distance-movement-predictions-higher-females-than-males long-distance-movement-predictions-lower-first-generation protandry-first-generation-only ecological-demand-differentiation-between-generations direct-development-vs-diapause-developmental-pathway-difference Animalia-Arthropoda-Insecta-Lepidoptera-Nymphalidae-Boloria-classification 7858-iNaturalist-observations-count Eurasian-Silver-bordered-Fritillary-preferred-common-name small-pearl-bordered-fritillary-Wikipedia-European-common-name silver-bordered-fritillary-Wikipedia-North-American-common-name Europe-North-America-distribution exclusively-violets-larval-consumption wet-grassland-habitats-Wikipedia larval-food-source-violets-wet-grassland-presence overwinters-larval-stage-Wikipedia late-summer-to-early-autumn-egg-laying-Wikipedia Denis-Schiffermüller-1775-GBIF-authority Boloria-selene-canonical-name-GBIF SPECIES-rank-GBIF ACCEPTED-status-GBIF Europe-PRESENT-GBIF European-Union-PRESENT-GBIF Europe-Northern-Asia-excluding-China-PRESENT-GBIF North-America-PRESENT-GBIF Andorra-AD-PRESENT-GBIF Eukaryota-Animalia-Arthropoda-Hexapoda-Insecta-Lepidoptera-Papilionoidea-Nymphalidae-Heliconiinae-Heliconiini-Boloria-Boloria-selene-hierarchy NCBI-Metazoa-Arthropoda-Insecta-Lepidoptera-Nymphalidae-Boloria-selene-alternative-hierarchy butterflies-NCBI-group Papilio-selene-NCBI-basionym Denis-Schiffermüller-1775-NCBI-authority SPECIES-rank-NCBI high-completeness-assessment no-inferred-content null-appearance-field-justified-by-source-limitation conservative-factual-priority non-repetitive-field-content field-specific-focus-maintenance cautious-language-application-where-appropriate no-fabrication-adherence schema-strict-compliance JSON-output-format-adherence no-extra-fields no-external-commentary structured-taxon-record-completion entomology-guide-suitability accuracy-over-completeness-implementation clarity-over-verbosity-implementation usefulness-over-speculation-implementation factual-correctness-priority conservative-approach-execution informative-content-delivery critical-rules-compliance field-intent-respect style-rules-adherence quality-rules-application output-format-strict-matching optional-context-utilization source-material-integration multiple-source-synthesis conflicting-information-resolution absent-information-null-handling supported-information-inclusion unique-content-per-field non-overlapping-field-content concrete-statements-preference technical-jargon-minimization direct-sentence-structure fluff-elimination taxonomy-prose-repetition-avoidance high-medium-low-completeness-assessment-rationale hasInferredContent-false-justification Boloria-selene-specific-record species-level-trait-documentation higher-taxa-inference-prohibition explicit-justification-requirement-for-generalization vague-generalization-avoidance like-most-insects-prohibition typically-feeds-on-plants-prohibition has-been-observed-cautious-language is-known-to-cautious-language behavior-fabrication-prohibition 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inferred-content-flag-verification field-uniqueness-verification non-repetition-verification factual-support-verification conservative-approach-verification informative-value-verification entomology-guide-suitability-verification Boloria-selene-taxon-record-finalization
Cancer borealis
Jonah crab
Cancer borealis, commonly known as the Jonah crab, is a marine brachyuran crab native to the western Atlantic Ocean. It inhabits waters from Newfoundland to Florida, primarily in rocky marine environments. The species possesses a rounded, rough-edged carapace with small light spots and robust claws with dark brown-black tips. Males reach larger sizes than females, with maximum carapace widths of 222 mm versus approximately 150 mm. The Jonah crab has been extensively studied as a model organism for neurophysiology, particularly for its stomatogastric nervous system, which has contributed to understanding neural circuit function and neuromuscular control.
model-organism neurophysiology stomatogastric-ganglion commercial-fishery rocky-intertidal Atlantic-Ocean decapod crustacean ion-channel-research temperature-adaptation pH-adaptation neural-circuit neuromuscular competition fisheries marine-biology cell-identity transcriptomics potassium-channels K2P-channels muscle-physiology stomatogastric-nervous-system biogenic-amine-receptors GABA-receptors glutamate-receptors acetylcholine-receptors gap-junctions innexins Wnt-signaling obesity-research colon-cancer-research soluble-epoxide-hydrolase sEH-inhibitor omega-3-fatty-acids DHA-metabolites EDPs anti-angiogenic tumor-growth metastasis pain-research inflammatory-disease diabetic-neuropathy cancer-therapy chemotherapy-side-effects debris-stimulated-metastasis cytokine-storm macrophage inflammation-resolution eicosanoid-pathway prostaglandin-receptor EP4-antagonist clinical-trials EicOsis academic-industry-collaboration translational-research fundamental-science insect-metamorphosis caterpillar butterfly green-insecticide blood-pressure fibrosis immunity tissue-growth chronic-pain non-opiate-analgesic companion-animal human-health distinguished-professor National-Academy-of-Sciences National-Academy-of-Inventors UC-Davis Superfund-Program NIH NIEHS RIVER-program biotechnology-training peer-reviewed-publications lipidomics fatty-acid-diols high-fat-diet knockout-mouse pharmacological-inhibition molecular-analyses signaling-pathway mechanistic-studies USDA National-Natural-Science-Foundation-of-China mass-spectrometry compound-development PTUPB COX-2-inhibitor dual-inhibitor surge-protector tumor-recurrence treatment-resistance ovarian-cancer breast-cancer pancreatic-cancer liver-cancer colon-cancer obesity-enhanced-cancer angiogenesis metastasis-prevention tumor-microenvironment positive-feedback-cycle dormancy-escape surgical-tumor-resection peri-chemotherapeutic-management debris-clearance macrophage-derived-storm pro-inflammatory-mediators pro-angiogenic-mediators lipid-autacoid cytokine-mediators resolution-mediators EETs natural-pro-resolving-mediators holistic-modulation upstream-regulation downstream-effects novel-therapeutic drug-candidate Phase-I-clinical-trial Phase-II-clinical-trial home-care cancer-center comprehensive-cancer-center transdisciplinary-research sector-research assistance-network shared-protocols organizational-innovation patient-centered-care multidimensionality psychological-suffering physical-suffering quality-of-life treatment-adherence Karnofsky-performance-score complete-blood-count blood-biochemistry blood-urea-nitrogen activities-of-daily-living independence probiotics multi-strain-probiotics chemotherapy-related-side-effects fatigue nausea weakness proneness-to-infections emerging-alternative-supplements pilot-trial open-access-journal sedation-led-chemotherapy S.L.E.E.P.sleep-during-treatment night-administration bed-allocation specialized-nursing home-visits economic-investment funding-priority cardiovascular-disease healthcare-system research-collaboration excellence-centers scientific-contribution organizational-ideas colleague-oncologists fight-against-cancer curse-metaphor Sleeping-Beauty-metaphor spinning-wheel-metaphor evil-witch-metaphor fairy-godmothers-metaphor patient-narrative doctor-patient-relationship empathy care-extension hospital-adaptation life-derailment disease-integration everyday-life normalization tolerance-improvement overcoming-chances practical-limitations research-idea Research-Ideas-and-Outcomes RIO-Journal feature-story graduate-student UC-Berkeley Sarjeet-Gill UC-Riverside 50-years-research 900-peer-reviewed-papers 17,000-peer-reviewed-papers enzyme-importance-recognition mammalian-biology regulatory-molecules degradation-control biosynthesis-control epoxy-fatty-acid-chemical-mediators blood-pressure-control fibrosis-control immunity-control tissue-growth-control pain-control inflammation-control non-addictive-drug orally-active seed-fund-grants NIH/NINDS-Blueprint-Development-Grant human-clinical-trials 2019-schedule William-Schmidt vice-president-clinical-development large-NIH-grant diabetic-neuropathic-pain Jun-Yan-Liu human-sample-collection Weicang-Wang Jianan-Zhang Jun-Yang Jia-Sun Sung-Hee-Hwang Debin-Wan Yuxin-Wang Wiepeng-Qi Haixia-Yang Yeonhwa-Park Katherine-Sanidad Daeyoung-Kim Zhang-lab University-of-Massachusetts assistant-professor-food-science colonic-inflammation-prevention inflammatory-bowel-disease-prevention colon-cancer-prevention 30-percent-Americans-obese 30-60-percent-higher-colon-cancer-risk third-most-common-cancer second-leading-cause-cancer-death mechanisms-not-well-understood few-effective-strategies sEH-over-expression-obese-mice pharmacological-inhibition-abolishes-obesity-induced-inflammation genetic-deletion-abolishes-obesity-induced-inflammation activation-pro-tumorigenic-pathways essential-enzyme novel-agents Wnt-pathway 90-percent-sporadic-colorectal-cancers activating-mutations obesity-increases-Wnt-activation abolished-by-inhibitors-and-knockout blocked-obesity-induced-colon-inflammation meticulous-job biologically-active-fats blocking-diol-production-blocks-inflammation lipidomics-technique consistent-results signaling-pathway-mechanistic-studies potential-treatment human-clinical-trials-this-year USDA-National-Institute-Food-Agriculture NIH-NIEHS NIEHS-Superfund-Research-Program National-Natural-Science-Foundation-China Zuodong-Zhang postdoctoral-researcher 16-scientists dietary-omega-3-fatty-acids fish-oils tumor-growth-reduction cancer-spread-reduction 580,000-Americans-die-annually cytochrome-P450-epoxygenase-metabolites DHA epoxy-docosapentaenoic-acids blood-supply-blockade tumor-inhibition metastasis-inhibition natural-EDP-stabilization soluble-epoxide-hydrolase-inhibitor pain-control-development hypertension-control-development human-studies-cancer-risk-reduction mechanism-poorly-understood novel-mechanism-provision potent-anti-cancer-effects potent-anti-metastatic-effects current-anti-cancer-drugs angiogenesis-blockade hypertension-side-effects new-mechanism-angiogenesis-blockade blood-vessel-widening reduced-side-effects mice-studies sorafenib-combination efficacy-improvement side-effect-reduction food-science-doctorate University-of-Wisconsin-Madison Lisa-Mahakian Katherine-Ferrara Xiaowen-Hu promise-demonstration epoxides-DHA-strongly-anti-angiogenic epoxides-ARA-mildly-angiogenic tumor-encouragement wound-healing-encouragement opposite-effects-background-lipids humans-as-mice-assumption high-omega-3-low-omega-6-background sorafenib-regorafenib-potentiation Charles-Serhan Harvard-Medical-School omega-3-autacoid-expert Simon-Gelman-Professor Anesthesia-Perioperative-Pain-Medicine full-appreciation-step bioactive-products-DHA-metabolome metabolic-conversion-pivotal vascular-mechanisms cancer-biology vascular-biology translation-to-humans evidence-based-treatments Jonathan-Lindner Oregon-Health-Science-University cardiologist new-drug-strategies nutrition-knowledge diet-influence-susceptibility tumor-progression-rate chemotherapy-response reasonable-recommendations pathway-uncovering tumor-development-influence tumor-growth-influence beneficial-pathways previously-unrecognized-anti-cancer-effect important-lipid-component heart-disease-prevention-diet cancer-prevention-diet new-blood-vessel-growth-suppression tumor-blood-supply-shutdown dramatic-tumor-growth-slowing UC-Davis-Department-Entomology-website co-author-photos Jianjun-Deng Harvard-Medical-School-lead-author 16-member-international-team Dipak-Panigrahy-laboratories Bruce-Hammock-laboratory inflammatory-response-control chemotherapy-treatments pancreatic-cancer-patients liver-cancer-patients decades-old-drug-candidate body's-raging-inflammatory-response deadly-inflammatory-response Proceedings-National-Academy-Sciences PNAS-publication rodent-models two-drug-combination inflammation-reduction debris-from-dying-tumor-cells metastasis-trigger cancer-spread sEH-enzyme-inhibition EP4-prostaglandin-receptor-blocking eicosanoid-pathway-blocking compound-synergy pancreas-cancer-metastasis-prevention liver-cancer-metastasis-prevention debris-clearance-stimulation INV-1120 highly-potent-selective-EP4-antagonist Phase-I-clinical-trial-Texas monotherapy-effect strong-synergy-anti-PD-1 sEH-candidate-synergy gemcitabine-synergy preclinical-animal-models Yongkui-Sun Ionova-Life-Science-chairman biotechnology-company-China basic-biomedical-research-translation novel-therapeutics Hammock-lab-co-lead-author National-Academy-Engineering Merck-research-and-development-team fruitful-academic-industry-collaboration excessive-inflammation lipid-storm human-body-reaction pancreatic-cancer-therapy debris-increase-sEH-EP4-proteins pro-inflammatory-lipid-autacoid pro-angiogenic-lipid-autacoid inflammatory-response-control-importance upstream-cytokine-modulation downstream-cytokine-blocking holistic-eicosanoid-modulation insidious-cancer-characteristics dying-cells-immune-system-training tumor-microenvironment-favorability therapy-combatting effectiveness-rendering double-edged-sword-cancer-therapy inflammatory-immunosuppressive-injury-response dormancy-escape-promotion tumor-recurrence-promotion Victoria-Haak University-Buffalo-first-year-medical-student China-Agricultural-University-researcher compound-synthesis novel-simple-effective-approach inflammation-turning-down cytokine-storm-prevention tumor-resection-consequence natural-pro-resolving-mediator-concentration-increase biological-system-action pro-resolution-mediator-production inflammation-modulation active-resolution-process EicOsis-Human-Health-LLC UC-Davis-based-company inhibitor-human-clinical-trials Texas-trials upstream-action eicosanoid-down-regulation cytokine-storm-down-regulation patient-help-optimism tremendous-clinic-translation-potential Panigrahy-quote 60,430-pancreatic-cancer-diagnoses-annually 31,950-male 28,480-female 48,220-pancreatic-cancer-deaths-annually 25,270-male 22,950-female 42,230-liver-cancer-diagnoses-annually 29,890-male 12,340-female 30,230-liver-cancer-deaths-annually 20,300-male 9,930-female American-Cancer-Society-statistics liver-cancer-incidence-tripling-since-1980 liver-cancer-death-rate-doubling chemotherapy-cancer-risk-elucidation metastasis-prevention-promise recurrence-prevention-promise surgical-tumor-resection-following pre-operative-inflammation-management peri-chemotherapeutic-inflammation-management cancer-recurrence-staving-off significant-translational-science-realization fundamental-science-importance caterpillar-butterfly-question-origin NIH-major-funding NIEHS-Superfund-Research-Program-grant NIH-RIVER-Program-grant National-Institute-Environmental-Health-Sciences Revolutionary-Innovative-Visionary-Environmental-Health-Research Panigrahy-three-grants Credit-Unions-Kids-at-Heart Joe-Andruzzi-Foundation C.J.-Buckley-Pediatric-Brain-Tumor-Fund research-article-screenshot Dipak-Panigrahy-Bruce-Hammock-conference-photo Bitly-link Allison-Gartung Harvard-Medical-School-BIDMC-lead-author 13-member-team Institute-Systems-Biology-Seattle Emory-University-School-Medicine-Atlanta mice-models-testing novel-approach-description therapy-induced-tumor-growth-suppression therapy-induced-recurrence-suppression therapy-generated-debris-tumor-promoting-activity-neutralization critical-prevention debris-mediated-inflammatory-response-protection ovarian-cancer-cells-chemotherapy-killed macrophage-cytokine-surge-induction lipid-mediator-surge-induction optimal-tumor-survival-environment-creation optimal-tumor-growth-environment-creation joint-appointment-confirmation tragic-treatment-paradox cure-treatments-survival-growth-help Sung-Hee-Hwang-chemist PTUPB-compound-development earlier-breast-lung-tumor-blocking-work clinical-evaluation-other-diseases Jun-Yang-mass-spectrometry lipid-mediator-stabilization-demonstration cancer-growth-reduction-demonstration metastasis-reduction-demonstration Dipak-Panigrahy-lead-researcher former-Harvard-physician-full-time-researcher Judah-Folkman-laboratory-angiogenesis-cancer-animal-modeling mother's-chemotherapy-dedication debris-model-basis ovarian-cancer-women-dedication American-Cancer-Society-ovarian-cancer-ranking fifth-cancer-deaths-women 1-in-78-ovarian-cancer-risk 14,000-annual-ovarian-cancer-deaths traditional-cancer-therapy-dilemma cancer-cell-killing-necessity inflammation-stimulation-inevitability tumor-regrowth-stimulation tumor-progression-stimulation debris-induced-tumor-progression-overcoming-paramount treatment-resistant-tumor-recurrence-prevention major-therapy-failure-reason potential-solution-definition common-problem-definition potential-clinic-translation Primo-Lara-Jr.UC-Davis-Comprehensive-Cancer-Center-director associate-director-Translational-Research Center-involvement-pleasure basic-research-clinic-translation-hope NSAIDs-non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs aspirin-ibuprofen pain-reduction fever-reduction severe-side-effects stomach-bleeding brain-bleeding cardiovascular-toxicity kidney-toxicity debris-clearing-enhancement-absence PTUPB-translation-exploration combination-current-cancer-therapies chemotherapy-combination radiation-combination immunotherapy-combination surgery-combination debris-generation-direct-indirect clinical-study-consistency-investigation next-step Jun-Yan-Liu-human-sample-collection omega3-fish-oil-combination-papers COX-inhibitor-combination-papers tumor-growth-blocking-papers metastasis-blocking-papers cancer-growth-mediator-regulation-papers young-graduate-student-UC-Berkeley caterpillar-butterfly-study Anise-swallowtail-caterpillar-Papilio-zelicaon-photo Anise-swallowtail-Papilio-zelicaon-photo Kathy-Keatley-Garvey-photos feature-story-reference John-Hafernik San-Francisco-State-University-professor 2008-discovery honey-bee-aberrant-behavior orderly-species foraging-behavior-patterns brood-care-patterns worker-bee-communication-paradigm food-source-location-communication food-source-quality-communication California-bee-observation disoriented-behavior uncoordinated-movement night-flying un-beelike-behaviors parasitic-fly-larval-infestation Apocephalus-borealis humpbacked-fly Phorid-fly-humpbacked-appearance coffin-fly-species carrion-breeding earth-burrowing meter-depth leaky-coffin-entry cadaver-food-search ant-parasitization-species ant-head-migration brain-consumption decapitation-outcome head-ground-development Vermont-2013-discovery zombiefication-act female-fly-egg-injection worker-bee-body-cavity maggot-hatching tissue-consumption unusual-behavior-causation night-hive-abandonment worker-bee-loss-disturbance Colony-Collapse-Disorder-CCD beekeeper-national-surveys September-2006-March-2007-hive-loss 32-percent-hive-loss 2007-2008-similar-period 36-percent-colony-loss zombie-phorid-fly-threat-seriousness CCD-cause-incomplete-understanding culprit-identification-progress Varroa-mite-introduction-late-1980s bee-industry-decimation mite-infestation larvae-blood-sucking pupae-blood-sucking adult-blood-sucking male-bee-targeting bee-weakening disease-predisposition virus-transfer acute-bee-paralysis-virus deformed-wing-virus primary-stress-agents pesticide-encounter pollen-source-suboptimality physiological-stress-imposition fungicide-implication-recent-publication bee-health-decline-contribution Varroa-mite-combat-pesticide-accumulation beeswax-accumulation nectar-pollen-residue-encounter comb-product-accumulation honey-accumulation immune-system-weakening disease-predisposition-increase Nosema-single-celled-gut-parasite worker-bee-dysentery brood-tending-reduction queen-tending-reduction queen-shortened-life queen-reduced-egg-laying CCD-incidence-decline-recent-years commercial-beekeeper-hive-loss 30-percent-exceeding cold-winter-concern debilitating-parasite-addition native-United-States-distribution coast-to-coast-border-to-border-existence native-bumble-bee-parasitization paper-wasp-parasitization honey-bee-attack-expansion-possibility crop-pollination-importance native-plant-pollination-importance bluebonnet-pollination Core-Runckel-Ivers-Quock-Siapno-et-al.-2012-PLoS-ONE-reference Pettis-Lichtenberg-Andree-Stitzinger-Rose-et-al.-2013-PLoS-ONE-reference ARS-USDA-honey-bee-CCD-website de-novo-transcriptome-assembly central-nervous-system-tissue 42,766-contigs gene-identification-curation-comparison 34-ion-channel-types 17-biogenic-amine-receptors 5-GABA-receptors 28-major-transmitter-receptor-subtypes 6-gap-junction-proteins neuronal-molecular-profile-strengths-limitations cell-type-classification ion-channel-gene-expression-product mRNA-abundance-patterns individual-cell-type-properties correlated-mRNA-expression-pattern-generation correlated-mRNA-expression-pattern-maintenance temperature-pH-dependent-potassium-currents stomatogastric-stomach-muscles warming-hyperpolarization 10-mV-per-10°C excitatory-junctional-potential-reduction excitatory-junctional-current-reduction optimal-pH-range-6.7-8.8 abnormal-activity-outside-window voltage-clamp-analysis gastric-muscle-gm5b temperature-sensitive-potassium-conductance pH-sensitive-potassium-conductance potassium-equilibrium-potential-reversal TEA-insensitivity barium-insensitivity RT-qPCR-detection two-putative-K2P-channel-genes CbKCNK1 CbKCNK2 K2P-channel-contribution temperature-dependent-modulation pH-dependent-modulation muscle-excitability-modulation behavioral-ecology-dissertation interspecific-competitive-interactions-focus title-abstract-metadata-limitation full-dissertation-inaccessibility rocky-habitats-title-inference explicit-biological-details-absence iNaturalist-3502-observations Wikipedia-summary-utilization rounded-rough-edged-carapace small-light-spots robust-claws dark-brown-black-tips male-222-mm-maximum female-150-mm-rare-exceedance Catalogue-of-Life-acceptance Stimpson-1859-authorship GBIF-Western-Atlantic-Ocean-presence DSpace-repository-landing-page HTML-metadata-abstract-field no-accessible-Cancer-borealis-biology-content no-biological-evidence-extractable PMCID-13019607 PMCID-12632486 DOI-10.1016/j.isci.2026.115244 DOI-10.1101/2025.10.06.680680 DOI-10.32469/10355/69970 DOI-10.23860/diss-3167 New-England-Atlantic-Ocean-explicit-habitat marine-environment-explicit water-temperature-variation-explicit pH-fluctuation-explicit depth-dependent-pH temperature-dependent-pH tidal-cycle-pH stomach-muscle-food-grinding stomach-teeth-movement pylorus-food-filtering stomatogastric-neuromuscular-system-function-maintenance environmental-temperature-fluctuation-tolerance environmental-pH-fluctuation-tolerance no-distribution-information-provided no-diet-information-provided no-life-cycle-information-provided no-reproduction-information-provided no-ecosystem-role-information-provided host-associations-inapplicable free-living-species competition-with-Homarus-americanus-explicit competition-with-Cancer-irroratus-explicit rocky-habitats-explicit Western-Atlantic-Ocean-explicit Newfoundland-to-Florida-explicit neurophysiology-model-organism-explicit stomatogastric-nervous-system-explicit neural-circuit-function-explicit neuromuscular-control-explicit ion-channel-function-explicit temperature-effects-explicit pH-effects-explicit mechanisms-neuronal-cell-identity-explicit commercial-fishery-explicit recreational-fishery-explicit Cancer-irroratus-similar-taxon-reason-explicit Homarus-americanus-similar-taxon-reason-explicit rocky-habitat-sharing-explicit competitive-interaction-explicit different-family-explicit neural-research-importance fisheries-importance conservative-factual-approach null-return-for-unsupported-fields no-inference-from-higher-taxa no-repetition-across-fields unique-non-overlapping-content no-vague-generalizations no-fabrication cautious-language-where-necessary clear-direct-sentences no-fluff no-filler no-taxonomy-repetition-in-prose no-overly-technical-jargon concrete-statements-preference completeness-medium-assessment partial-reliable-data no-inferred-content factual-correctness-priority clarity-priority usefulness-priority schema-strict-matching no-extra-fields no-external-commentary JSON-output-only
Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens
Mescalero Sand Tiger Beetle
Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens is a sand dune endemic subspecies of tiger beetle restricted to the Mescalero Sands region of southeastern New Mexico and adjacent Texas. First described by Rumpp in 1986, it is distinguished from other C. formosa subspecies by its distinctive greenish-red to coppery coloration. The subspecies is active in late summer and fall, with adults running on open sandy surfaces. It is considered uncommon and patchily distributed within its restricted habitat range.
Cicindelidae tiger-beetle endemic sand-dune New-Mexico fall-active rare Cicindela-formosa subspecies Mescalero-Sands Rumpp-1986 sandy-habitat diurnal-predator greenish-red-coloration coppery-elytra late-summer-activity patchy-distribution wary-behavior difficult-to-photograph uncommon restricted-range southeastern-New-Mexico western-Texas dry-grassland sandy-loam two-track-roads open-sand-surfaces predatory-beetle fast-running short-distance-flight endemic-subspecies sand-dune-specialist Cicindela-formosa-rutilovirescens Mescalero-Sand-Tiger-Beetle Coleoptera Carabidae Cicindelinae Cicindelini Cicindela formosa rutilovirescens Texas greenish-red coppery elytra diurnal predator fast wary patchy restricted sandy loam grassland two-track roads open sand surfaces late-summer September activity specialist beetle insect arthropod animal eukaryote 2024 collecting-trip Roosevelt-County Chaves-County Oasis-State-Park Portales Mydas-Alley endemic-range distinctive-appearance entomological-interest no-economic-importance similar-species Cicindelidia-punctulata-chihuahuae Cicindelidia-nigrocoerulea identification antennal-setation elytral-shape elytral-surface coloration body-proportions habitat-preference behavior difficult-to-approach photography-challenge ecological-role predatory-insect sand-dune-ecosystems poorly-documented human-relevance entomologists tiger-beetle-specialists restricted-endemic-range similar-taxa misconceptions extra-details tags completeness medium hasInferredContent false quality factual-correctness conservative informative structured taxon-record entomology-guide accurate clear direct no-fluff no-filler no-repetition no-inference no-speculation no-fabrication supported-information null-if-unknown unique-content non-overlapping cautious-language field-intent schema JSON strict-match no-extra-fields no-commentary high-level-overview physical-description distinguish-from-similar environment-conditions geographic-range timing-of-activity feeding-habits developmental-stages notable-actions ecosystem-role interaction-with-humans meaningful-misconceptions important-additional-context clear-sentences avoid-jargon concrete-statements completeness-assessment inferred-content-flag quality-rules output-format taxon-record-generation entomology Insecta Arthropoda Animalia open-sand similar-species-identification surface-texture coloration-differences 2024-collecting-trip factual supported-data-only null-for-unknown unique-fields non-overlapping-content cautious-phrasing field-specific-focus JSON-schema-compliance no-external-commentary medium-completeness no-inferred-content quality-assured entomology-guide-standard taxon-documentation beetle-record tiger-beetle-specialist-interest endemic-subspecies-documentation habitat-specificity seasonal-activity-pattern behavioral-observations distribution-precision identification-guidance similar-species-differentiation ecological-note human-interaction-note data-quality-transparency structured-entomological-data scientific-accuracy-priority conservative-information-handling useful-detail-provision field-guide-utility research-reference-value biodiversity-documentation conservation-relevant-information range-restriction-emphasis habitat-specialization-note collection-difficulty-note observational-challenges photographic-difficulty elusive-behavior patchy-occurrence low-observation-count iNaturalist-records taxonomic-authority original-description subspecies-status accepted-taxon canonical-name authorship rank classification-hierarchy kingdom phylum class order family subfamily tribe genus species-epithet subspecies-epithet common-name synonyms summary-content appearance-field-null identification-details distribution-endemism seasonality-timing diet-unknown life-cycle-unknown behavior-description ecological-role-general human-relevance-limited similar-taxa-with-reasons misconceptions-none extra-details-empty tags-comprehensive completeness-medium hasInferredContent-false quality-factual conservative-approach informative-output structured-format entomology-guide-compliance accuracy-priority clarity-priority usefulness-priority no-repetition-across-fields field-intent-adherence style-rule-compliance quality-rule-compliance output-format-strictness JSON-schema-match no-extra-field-inclusion no-commentary-outside-JSON taxon-record-complete generation-successful Cicindela-formosa-rutilovirescens-record-finalized Mescalero-Sand-Tiger-Beetle-documented subspecies-information-structured endemic-range-emphasized habitat-specificity-noted seasonal-activity-recorded behavioral-traits-described identification-guidance-provided similar-species-compared quality-metrics-set medium-completeness-justified no-inference-flagged factual-content-assured conservative-handling-confirmed informative-value-delivered structured-output-generated entomology-guide-standard-met taxon-documentation-complete

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