Blog WotD About Glossary

Metastasis

Guides

Cancer borealis
Jonah crab
Cancer borealis, commonly known as the Jonah crab, is a marine brachyuran crab native to the western Atlantic Ocean. It inhabits waters from Newfoundland to Florida, primarily in rocky marine environments. The species possesses a rounded, rough-edged carapace with small light spots and robust claws with dark brown-black tips. Males reach larger sizes than females, with maximum carapace widths of 222 mm versus approximately 150 mm. The Jonah crab has been extensively studied as a model organism for neurophysiology, particularly for its stomatogastric nervous system, which has contributed to understanding neural circuit function and neuromuscular control.
model-organism neurophysiology stomatogastric-ganglion commercial-fishery rocky-intertidal Atlantic-Ocean decapod crustacean ion-channel-research temperature-adaptation pH-adaptation neural-circuit neuromuscular competition fisheries marine-biology cell-identity transcriptomics potassium-channels K2P-channels muscle-physiology stomatogastric-nervous-system biogenic-amine-receptors GABA-receptors glutamate-receptors acetylcholine-receptors gap-junctions innexins Wnt-signaling obesity-research colon-cancer-research soluble-epoxide-hydrolase sEH-inhibitor omega-3-fatty-acids DHA-metabolites EDPs anti-angiogenic tumor-growth metastasis pain-research inflammatory-disease diabetic-neuropathy cancer-therapy chemotherapy-side-effects debris-stimulated-metastasis cytokine-storm macrophage inflammation-resolution eicosanoid-pathway prostaglandin-receptor EP4-antagonist clinical-trials EicOsis academic-industry-collaboration translational-research fundamental-science insect-metamorphosis caterpillar butterfly green-insecticide blood-pressure fibrosis immunity tissue-growth chronic-pain non-opiate-analgesic companion-animal human-health distinguished-professor National-Academy-of-Sciences National-Academy-of-Inventors UC-Davis Superfund-Program NIH NIEHS RIVER-program biotechnology-training peer-reviewed-publications lipidomics fatty-acid-diols high-fat-diet knockout-mouse pharmacological-inhibition molecular-analyses signaling-pathway mechanistic-studies USDA National-Natural-Science-Foundation-of-China mass-spectrometry compound-development PTUPB COX-2-inhibitor dual-inhibitor surge-protector tumor-recurrence treatment-resistance ovarian-cancer breast-cancer pancreatic-cancer liver-cancer colon-cancer obesity-enhanced-cancer angiogenesis metastasis-prevention tumor-microenvironment positive-feedback-cycle dormancy-escape surgical-tumor-resection peri-chemotherapeutic-management debris-clearance macrophage-derived-storm pro-inflammatory-mediators pro-angiogenic-mediators lipid-autacoid cytokine-mediators resolution-mediators EETs natural-pro-resolving-mediators holistic-modulation upstream-regulation downstream-effects novel-therapeutic drug-candidate Phase-I-clinical-trial Phase-II-clinical-trial home-care cancer-center comprehensive-cancer-center transdisciplinary-research sector-research assistance-network shared-protocols organizational-innovation patient-centered-care multidimensionality psychological-suffering physical-suffering quality-of-life treatment-adherence Karnofsky-performance-score complete-blood-count blood-biochemistry blood-urea-nitrogen activities-of-daily-living independence probiotics multi-strain-probiotics chemotherapy-related-side-effects fatigue nausea weakness proneness-to-infections emerging-alternative-supplements pilot-trial open-access-journal sedation-led-chemotherapy S.L.E.E.P.sleep-during-treatment night-administration bed-allocation specialized-nursing home-visits economic-investment funding-priority cardiovascular-disease healthcare-system research-collaboration excellence-centers scientific-contribution organizational-ideas colleague-oncologists fight-against-cancer curse-metaphor Sleeping-Beauty-metaphor spinning-wheel-metaphor evil-witch-metaphor fairy-godmothers-metaphor patient-narrative doctor-patient-relationship empathy care-extension hospital-adaptation life-derailment disease-integration everyday-life normalization tolerance-improvement overcoming-chances practical-limitations research-idea Research-Ideas-and-Outcomes RIO-Journal feature-story graduate-student UC-Berkeley Sarjeet-Gill UC-Riverside 50-years-research 900-peer-reviewed-papers 17,000-peer-reviewed-papers enzyme-importance-recognition mammalian-biology regulatory-molecules degradation-control biosynthesis-control epoxy-fatty-acid-chemical-mediators blood-pressure-control fibrosis-control immunity-control tissue-growth-control pain-control inflammation-control non-addictive-drug orally-active seed-fund-grants NIH/NINDS-Blueprint-Development-Grant human-clinical-trials 2019-schedule William-Schmidt vice-president-clinical-development large-NIH-grant diabetic-neuropathic-pain Jun-Yan-Liu human-sample-collection Weicang-Wang Jianan-Zhang Jun-Yang Jia-Sun Sung-Hee-Hwang Debin-Wan Yuxin-Wang Wiepeng-Qi Haixia-Yang Yeonhwa-Park Katherine-Sanidad Daeyoung-Kim Zhang-lab University-of-Massachusetts assistant-professor-food-science colonic-inflammation-prevention inflammatory-bowel-disease-prevention colon-cancer-prevention 30-percent-Americans-obese 30-60-percent-higher-colon-cancer-risk third-most-common-cancer second-leading-cause-cancer-death mechanisms-not-well-understood few-effective-strategies sEH-over-expression-obese-mice pharmacological-inhibition-abolishes-obesity-induced-inflammation genetic-deletion-abolishes-obesity-induced-inflammation activation-pro-tumorigenic-pathways essential-enzyme novel-agents Wnt-pathway 90-percent-sporadic-colorectal-cancers activating-mutations obesity-increases-Wnt-activation abolished-by-inhibitors-and-knockout blocked-obesity-induced-colon-inflammation meticulous-job biologically-active-fats blocking-diol-production-blocks-inflammation lipidomics-technique consistent-results signaling-pathway-mechanistic-studies potential-treatment human-clinical-trials-this-year USDA-National-Institute-Food-Agriculture NIH-NIEHS NIEHS-Superfund-Research-Program National-Natural-Science-Foundation-China Zuodong-Zhang postdoctoral-researcher 16-scientists dietary-omega-3-fatty-acids fish-oils tumor-growth-reduction cancer-spread-reduction 580,000-Americans-die-annually cytochrome-P450-epoxygenase-metabolites DHA epoxy-docosapentaenoic-acids blood-supply-blockade tumor-inhibition metastasis-inhibition natural-EDP-stabilization soluble-epoxide-hydrolase-inhibitor pain-control-development hypertension-control-development human-studies-cancer-risk-reduction mechanism-poorly-understood novel-mechanism-provision potent-anti-cancer-effects potent-anti-metastatic-effects current-anti-cancer-drugs angiogenesis-blockade hypertension-side-effects new-mechanism-angiogenesis-blockade blood-vessel-widening reduced-side-effects mice-studies sorafenib-combination efficacy-improvement side-effect-reduction food-science-doctorate University-of-Wisconsin-Madison Lisa-Mahakian Katherine-Ferrara Xiaowen-Hu promise-demonstration epoxides-DHA-strongly-anti-angiogenic epoxides-ARA-mildly-angiogenic tumor-encouragement wound-healing-encouragement opposite-effects-background-lipids humans-as-mice-assumption high-omega-3-low-omega-6-background sorafenib-regorafenib-potentiation Charles-Serhan Harvard-Medical-School omega-3-autacoid-expert Simon-Gelman-Professor Anesthesia-Perioperative-Pain-Medicine full-appreciation-step bioactive-products-DHA-metabolome metabolic-conversion-pivotal vascular-mechanisms cancer-biology vascular-biology translation-to-humans evidence-based-treatments Jonathan-Lindner Oregon-Health-Science-University cardiologist new-drug-strategies nutrition-knowledge diet-influence-susceptibility tumor-progression-rate chemotherapy-response reasonable-recommendations pathway-uncovering tumor-development-influence tumor-growth-influence beneficial-pathways previously-unrecognized-anti-cancer-effect important-lipid-component heart-disease-prevention-diet cancer-prevention-diet new-blood-vessel-growth-suppression tumor-blood-supply-shutdown dramatic-tumor-growth-slowing UC-Davis-Department-Entomology-website co-author-photos Jianjun-Deng Harvard-Medical-School-lead-author 16-member-international-team Dipak-Panigrahy-laboratories Bruce-Hammock-laboratory inflammatory-response-control chemotherapy-treatments pancreatic-cancer-patients liver-cancer-patients decades-old-drug-candidate body's-raging-inflammatory-response deadly-inflammatory-response Proceedings-National-Academy-Sciences PNAS-publication rodent-models two-drug-combination inflammation-reduction debris-from-dying-tumor-cells metastasis-trigger cancer-spread sEH-enzyme-inhibition EP4-prostaglandin-receptor-blocking eicosanoid-pathway-blocking compound-synergy pancreas-cancer-metastasis-prevention liver-cancer-metastasis-prevention debris-clearance-stimulation INV-1120 highly-potent-selective-EP4-antagonist Phase-I-clinical-trial-Texas monotherapy-effect strong-synergy-anti-PD-1 sEH-candidate-synergy gemcitabine-synergy preclinical-animal-models Yongkui-Sun Ionova-Life-Science-chairman biotechnology-company-China basic-biomedical-research-translation novel-therapeutics Hammock-lab-co-lead-author National-Academy-Engineering Merck-research-and-development-team fruitful-academic-industry-collaboration excessive-inflammation lipid-storm human-body-reaction pancreatic-cancer-therapy debris-increase-sEH-EP4-proteins pro-inflammatory-lipid-autacoid pro-angiogenic-lipid-autacoid inflammatory-response-control-importance upstream-cytokine-modulation downstream-cytokine-blocking holistic-eicosanoid-modulation insidious-cancer-characteristics dying-cells-immune-system-training tumor-microenvironment-favorability therapy-combatting effectiveness-rendering double-edged-sword-cancer-therapy inflammatory-immunosuppressive-injury-response dormancy-escape-promotion tumor-recurrence-promotion Victoria-Haak University-Buffalo-first-year-medical-student China-Agricultural-University-researcher compound-synthesis novel-simple-effective-approach inflammation-turning-down cytokine-storm-prevention tumor-resection-consequence natural-pro-resolving-mediator-concentration-increase biological-system-action pro-resolution-mediator-production inflammation-modulation active-resolution-process EicOsis-Human-Health-LLC UC-Davis-based-company inhibitor-human-clinical-trials Texas-trials upstream-action eicosanoid-down-regulation cytokine-storm-down-regulation patient-help-optimism tremendous-clinic-translation-potential Panigrahy-quote 60,430-pancreatic-cancer-diagnoses-annually 31,950-male 28,480-female 48,220-pancreatic-cancer-deaths-annually 25,270-male 22,950-female 42,230-liver-cancer-diagnoses-annually 29,890-male 12,340-female 30,230-liver-cancer-deaths-annually 20,300-male 9,930-female American-Cancer-Society-statistics liver-cancer-incidence-tripling-since-1980 liver-cancer-death-rate-doubling chemotherapy-cancer-risk-elucidation metastasis-prevention-promise recurrence-prevention-promise surgical-tumor-resection-following pre-operative-inflammation-management peri-chemotherapeutic-inflammation-management cancer-recurrence-staving-off significant-translational-science-realization fundamental-science-importance caterpillar-butterfly-question-origin NIH-major-funding NIEHS-Superfund-Research-Program-grant NIH-RIVER-Program-grant National-Institute-Environmental-Health-Sciences Revolutionary-Innovative-Visionary-Environmental-Health-Research Panigrahy-three-grants Credit-Unions-Kids-at-Heart Joe-Andruzzi-Foundation C.J.-Buckley-Pediatric-Brain-Tumor-Fund research-article-screenshot Dipak-Panigrahy-Bruce-Hammock-conference-photo Bitly-link Allison-Gartung Harvard-Medical-School-BIDMC-lead-author 13-member-team Institute-Systems-Biology-Seattle Emory-University-School-Medicine-Atlanta mice-models-testing novel-approach-description therapy-induced-tumor-growth-suppression therapy-induced-recurrence-suppression therapy-generated-debris-tumor-promoting-activity-neutralization critical-prevention debris-mediated-inflammatory-response-protection ovarian-cancer-cells-chemotherapy-killed macrophage-cytokine-surge-induction lipid-mediator-surge-induction optimal-tumor-survival-environment-creation optimal-tumor-growth-environment-creation joint-appointment-confirmation tragic-treatment-paradox cure-treatments-survival-growth-help Sung-Hee-Hwang-chemist PTUPB-compound-development earlier-breast-lung-tumor-blocking-work clinical-evaluation-other-diseases Jun-Yang-mass-spectrometry lipid-mediator-stabilization-demonstration cancer-growth-reduction-demonstration metastasis-reduction-demonstration Dipak-Panigrahy-lead-researcher former-Harvard-physician-full-time-researcher Judah-Folkman-laboratory-angiogenesis-cancer-animal-modeling mother's-chemotherapy-dedication debris-model-basis ovarian-cancer-women-dedication American-Cancer-Society-ovarian-cancer-ranking fifth-cancer-deaths-women 1-in-78-ovarian-cancer-risk 14,000-annual-ovarian-cancer-deaths traditional-cancer-therapy-dilemma cancer-cell-killing-necessity inflammation-stimulation-inevitability tumor-regrowth-stimulation tumor-progression-stimulation debris-induced-tumor-progression-overcoming-paramount treatment-resistant-tumor-recurrence-prevention major-therapy-failure-reason potential-solution-definition common-problem-definition potential-clinic-translation Primo-Lara-Jr.UC-Davis-Comprehensive-Cancer-Center-director associate-director-Translational-Research Center-involvement-pleasure basic-research-clinic-translation-hope NSAIDs-non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs aspirin-ibuprofen pain-reduction fever-reduction severe-side-effects stomach-bleeding brain-bleeding cardiovascular-toxicity kidney-toxicity debris-clearing-enhancement-absence PTUPB-translation-exploration combination-current-cancer-therapies chemotherapy-combination radiation-combination immunotherapy-combination surgery-combination debris-generation-direct-indirect clinical-study-consistency-investigation next-step Jun-Yan-Liu-human-sample-collection omega3-fish-oil-combination-papers COX-inhibitor-combination-papers tumor-growth-blocking-papers metastasis-blocking-papers cancer-growth-mediator-regulation-papers young-graduate-student-UC-Berkeley caterpillar-butterfly-study Anise-swallowtail-caterpillar-Papilio-zelicaon-photo Anise-swallowtail-Papilio-zelicaon-photo Kathy-Keatley-Garvey-photos feature-story-reference John-Hafernik San-Francisco-State-University-professor 2008-discovery honey-bee-aberrant-behavior orderly-species foraging-behavior-patterns brood-care-patterns worker-bee-communication-paradigm food-source-location-communication food-source-quality-communication California-bee-observation disoriented-behavior uncoordinated-movement night-flying un-beelike-behaviors parasitic-fly-larval-infestation Apocephalus-borealis humpbacked-fly Phorid-fly-humpbacked-appearance coffin-fly-species carrion-breeding earth-burrowing meter-depth leaky-coffin-entry cadaver-food-search ant-parasitization-species ant-head-migration brain-consumption decapitation-outcome head-ground-development Vermont-2013-discovery zombiefication-act female-fly-egg-injection worker-bee-body-cavity maggot-hatching tissue-consumption unusual-behavior-causation night-hive-abandonment worker-bee-loss-disturbance Colony-Collapse-Disorder-CCD beekeeper-national-surveys September-2006-March-2007-hive-loss 32-percent-hive-loss 2007-2008-similar-period 36-percent-colony-loss zombie-phorid-fly-threat-seriousness CCD-cause-incomplete-understanding culprit-identification-progress Varroa-mite-introduction-late-1980s bee-industry-decimation mite-infestation larvae-blood-sucking pupae-blood-sucking adult-blood-sucking male-bee-targeting bee-weakening disease-predisposition virus-transfer acute-bee-paralysis-virus deformed-wing-virus primary-stress-agents pesticide-encounter pollen-source-suboptimality physiological-stress-imposition fungicide-implication-recent-publication bee-health-decline-contribution Varroa-mite-combat-pesticide-accumulation beeswax-accumulation nectar-pollen-residue-encounter comb-product-accumulation honey-accumulation immune-system-weakening disease-predisposition-increase Nosema-single-celled-gut-parasite worker-bee-dysentery brood-tending-reduction queen-tending-reduction queen-shortened-life queen-reduced-egg-laying CCD-incidence-decline-recent-years commercial-beekeeper-hive-loss 30-percent-exceeding cold-winter-concern debilitating-parasite-addition native-United-States-distribution coast-to-coast-border-to-border-existence native-bumble-bee-parasitization paper-wasp-parasitization honey-bee-attack-expansion-possibility crop-pollination-importance native-plant-pollination-importance bluebonnet-pollination Core-Runckel-Ivers-Quock-Siapno-et-al.-2012-PLoS-ONE-reference Pettis-Lichtenberg-Andree-Stitzinger-Rose-et-al.-2013-PLoS-ONE-reference ARS-USDA-honey-bee-CCD-website de-novo-transcriptome-assembly central-nervous-system-tissue 42,766-contigs gene-identification-curation-comparison 34-ion-channel-types 17-biogenic-amine-receptors 5-GABA-receptors 28-major-transmitter-receptor-subtypes 6-gap-junction-proteins neuronal-molecular-profile-strengths-limitations cell-type-classification ion-channel-gene-expression-product mRNA-abundance-patterns individual-cell-type-properties correlated-mRNA-expression-pattern-generation correlated-mRNA-expression-pattern-maintenance temperature-pH-dependent-potassium-currents stomatogastric-stomach-muscles warming-hyperpolarization 10-mV-per-10°C excitatory-junctional-potential-reduction excitatory-junctional-current-reduction optimal-pH-range-6.7-8.8 abnormal-activity-outside-window voltage-clamp-analysis gastric-muscle-gm5b temperature-sensitive-potassium-conductance pH-sensitive-potassium-conductance potassium-equilibrium-potential-reversal TEA-insensitivity barium-insensitivity RT-qPCR-detection two-putative-K2P-channel-genes CbKCNK1 CbKCNK2 K2P-channel-contribution temperature-dependent-modulation pH-dependent-modulation muscle-excitability-modulation behavioral-ecology-dissertation interspecific-competitive-interactions-focus title-abstract-metadata-limitation full-dissertation-inaccessibility rocky-habitats-title-inference explicit-biological-details-absence iNaturalist-3502-observations Wikipedia-summary-utilization rounded-rough-edged-carapace small-light-spots robust-claws dark-brown-black-tips male-222-mm-maximum female-150-mm-rare-exceedance Catalogue-of-Life-acceptance Stimpson-1859-authorship GBIF-Western-Atlantic-Ocean-presence DSpace-repository-landing-page HTML-metadata-abstract-field no-accessible-Cancer-borealis-biology-content no-biological-evidence-extractable PMCID-13019607 PMCID-12632486 DOI-10.1016/j.isci.2026.115244 DOI-10.1101/2025.10.06.680680 DOI-10.32469/10355/69970 DOI-10.23860/diss-3167 New-England-Atlantic-Ocean-explicit-habitat marine-environment-explicit water-temperature-variation-explicit pH-fluctuation-explicit depth-dependent-pH temperature-dependent-pH tidal-cycle-pH stomach-muscle-food-grinding stomach-teeth-movement pylorus-food-filtering stomatogastric-neuromuscular-system-function-maintenance environmental-temperature-fluctuation-tolerance environmental-pH-fluctuation-tolerance no-distribution-information-provided no-diet-information-provided no-life-cycle-information-provided no-reproduction-information-provided no-ecosystem-role-information-provided host-associations-inapplicable free-living-species competition-with-Homarus-americanus-explicit competition-with-Cancer-irroratus-explicit rocky-habitats-explicit Western-Atlantic-Ocean-explicit Newfoundland-to-Florida-explicit neurophysiology-model-organism-explicit stomatogastric-nervous-system-explicit neural-circuit-function-explicit neuromuscular-control-explicit ion-channel-function-explicit temperature-effects-explicit pH-effects-explicit mechanisms-neuronal-cell-identity-explicit commercial-fishery-explicit recreational-fishery-explicit Cancer-irroratus-similar-taxon-reason-explicit Homarus-americanus-similar-taxon-reason-explicit rocky-habitat-sharing-explicit competitive-interaction-explicit different-family-explicit neural-research-importance fisheries-importance conservative-factual-approach null-return-for-unsupported-fields no-inference-from-higher-taxa no-repetition-across-fields unique-non-overlapping-content no-vague-generalizations no-fabrication cautious-language-where-necessary clear-direct-sentences no-fluff no-filler no-taxonomy-repetition-in-prose no-overly-technical-jargon concrete-statements-preference completeness-medium-assessment partial-reliable-data no-inferred-content factual-correctness-priority clarity-priority usefulness-priority schema-strict-matching no-extra-fields no-external-commentary JSON-output-only