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Cordulegaster erronea
tiger spiketail
Cordulegaster erronea, the tiger spiketail, is a large, uncommon dragonfly in the family Cordulegastridae. It is a habitat specialist requiring small, pristine, spring-fed forest streams with muck bottoms and overhanging vegetation. The species has a long larval period estimated at 3-4 years and a brief adult flight period of approximately 2-3 weeks in early summer. Radio-telemetry studies in New Jersey have revealed limited adult movement, with individuals typically remaining within 100-200 meters of natal streams and showing strong site fidelity.
dragonfly spiketail habitat-specialist forest-stream radio-telemetry conservation New-Jersey Cordulegastridae Odonata indicator-species headwater-streams metapopulation territorial-behavior crepuscular-activity long-larval-development site-fidelity mature-forest-dependent spring-fed-streams muck-bottom-streams overhanging-vegetation shaded-streams limited-dispersal fragmented-populations pristine-habitat aquatic-nymph ovipositor early-summer-emergence brief-adult-life canopy-use easily-disturbed human-disturbance-sensitive top-predator stream-ecosystem conservation-concern IUCN-Least-Concern stable-population eastern-North-America patchy-distribution localized-populations territorial-males patrolling-behavior oviposition-in-organic-matter specialized-habitat-requirements forest-protection-needed regulatory-protection-insufficient aquatic-insect odonate Anisoptera Cordulegastroidea Selys-1878 tiger-spiketail uncommon-species rare-encounters field-identification-challenge habitat-degradation-threat forest-fragmentation-impact water-quality-dependent perennial-streams seepage-fed-streams adjacent-forest-use movement-ecology home-range-limited natal-stream-fidelity conservation-recommendations mature-forest-buffer stream-corridor-protection headwater-conservation forest-stream-specialist ecosystem-engineer biodiversity-indicator climate-change-vulnerability habitat-loss-sensitivity development-pressure protected-areas-benefit citizen-science-potential natural-history-knowledge-gap research-priority-species monitoring-target population-stability least-concern-status no-immediate-threat stable-IUCN-assessment North-American-endemic eastern-range New-Jersey-study-site detailed-life-history-known radiotelemetry-pioneer-study first-radio-telemetry-for-species movement-study habitat-use-study home-range-estimation conservation-biology-case-study forest-management-implications buffer-zone-requirements stream-protection-needs beyond-stream-corridor-protection forest-matrix-importance canopy-connectivity shade-requirements thermal-regime-sensitivity hydrological-stability-needs muck-substrate-preference organic-matter-oviposition specialized-reproductive-behavior territorial-defense male-male-competition female-habitat-use non-breeding-habitat-use foraging-in-canopy roosting-behavior activity-pattern crepuscular-peak morning-activity late-afternoon-activity human-disturbance-response flight-initiation-distance conservation-behavior management-recommendations policy-implications regulatory-gap protected-area-design landscape-conservation metapopulation-dynamics subpopulation-connectivity colonization-extinction-dynamics habitat-patch-size habitat-patch-quality habitat-patch-isolation population-viability demographic-stochasticity environmental-stochasticity genetic-diversity-concerns inbreeding-risk drift-effects conservation-genetics-needs long-term-monitoring adaptive-management habitat-restoration-potential reintroduction-feasibility captive-propagation-unnecessary in-situ-conservation-priority ex-situ-conservation-not-indicated site-based-conservation stewardship-needs education-value natural-heritage-significance ecotourism-potential-limited research-tourism-potential photography-challenge field-observation-difficulty elusive-species low-detection-probability survey-methodology-needs environmental-assessment-indicator impact-assessment-species development-review-trigger mitigation-requirements compensatory-habitat-needs offset-feasibility-limited no-net-loss-challenge habitat-irreplaceability conservation-offset-unsuitable precautionary-approach-warranted environmental-planning-integration strategic-environmental-assessment cumulative-effects-assessment climate-adaptation-planning refugia-identification assisted-migration-not-appropriate habitat-management-guidelines forest-management-integration silviculture-impacts harvest-timing-restrictions buffer-retention riparian-zone-width canopy-retention road-impacts sedimentation-sensitivity nutrient-loading-sensitivity chemical-contamination-sensitivity thermal-pollution-sensitivity flow-alteration-sensitivity groundwater-dependence baseflow-maintenance hydrological-connectivity wetland-complex-association seepage-zone-protection headwater-protection-priority watershed-scale-conservation landscape-context-importance matrix-quality-effects edge-effects-sensitivity fragmentation-impacts corridor-needs stepping-stone-habitat network-connectivity population-source-sink-dynamics demographic-source-populations rescue-effects targeted-conservation-action species-specific-management habitat-suitability-modeling distribution-modeling-needs occupancy-modeling-potential detection-probability-estimation survey-design-optimization monitoring-protocol-development trend-analysis-needs population-status-assessment threat-assessment recovery-planning-not-triggered prevention-oriented-conservation proactive-management early-intervention-opportunity conservation-investment-efficiency cost-effective-protection priority-site-identification conservation-opportunity-mapping land-protection-strategies easement-potential fee-simple-acquisition stewardship-agreement-needs management-agreement-needs conservation-partnership-opportunities community-engagement-potential citizen-science-integration volunteer-monitoring-program naturalist-training-value outdoor-education-resource interpretive-program-potential nature-center-exhibit-value conservation-awareness-raising flagship-species-potential umbrella-species-potential surrogate-species-value ecosystem-surrogate-potential habitat-surrogate-value co-occurrence-patterns species-assemblage-indicator community-integrity-indicator functional-diversity-role trophic-position predator-prey-dynamics top-down-effects invertebrate-community-structure-influence ecosystem-process-effects nutrient-cycling-role energy-flow-role detrital-food-web-connection aquatic-terrestrial-linkage emergence-subsidy riparian-food-web-support cross-ecosystem-effects landscape-ecosystem-service water-quality-maintenance natural-filtration-support sediment-stabilization channel-stability-contribution floodplain-function-support biodiversity-maintenance genetic-resource-value evolutionary-significance phylogenetic-distinctiveness taxonomic-uniqueness biogeographic-interest glacial-refugia-potential post-glacial-colonization-history phylogeography-research-potential speciation-patterns adaptive-radiation-context comparative-biology-value developmental-biology-interest physiological-ecology-potential behavioral-ecology-model movement-ecology-model conservation-biology-model climate-change-biology-model phenology-research-potential life-history-evolution reproductive-strategy-interest mating-system-characteristics sexual-selection-potential parental-investment-patterns offspring-size-strategies habitat-selection-behavior dispersal-behavior-evolution philopatry-evolution site-fidelity-evolution territoriality-evolution aggression-patterns risk-taking-behavior anti-predator-behavior foraging-behavior prey-selection predation-risk-effects competitive-interactions interspecific-competition intraspecific-competition density-dependence population-regulation-mechanisms Allee-effects-potential population-dynamics-modeling extinction-risk-assessment stochastic-simulation-needs viability-analysis-potential minimum-viable-population minimum-dynamic-area habitat-area-requirements habitat-configuration-needs critical-habitat-designation-potential endangered-species-listing-not-warranted species-of-conservation-concern-status watch-list-inclusion ranking-system-application heritage-rank-interpretation global-rank-assessment state-rank-assessment conservation-status-assessment trend-assessment knowledge-status-evaluation information-needs-identification research-priority-setting funding-priority-justification grant-proposal-foundation academic-research-opportunity thesis-project-suitability dissertation-potential postdoctoral-research-opportunity collaborative-research-potential interdisciplinary-research-value integrative-biology-example systems-biology-application bioindicator-validation biomonitoring-protocol environmental-quality-indicator ecosystem-health-indicator restoration-success-indicator management-effectiveness-measure conservation-outcome-metric performance-monitoring-tool adaptive-management-feedback evidence-based-conservation science-policy-interface knowledge-transfer-potential science-communication-value public-engagement-opportunity media-interest-potential storytelling-value narrative-conservation emotional-connection-potential aesthetic-value intrinsic-value existence-value bequest-value option-value direct-use-value-limited indirect-use-value non-use-value-predominance total-economic-value-estimation ecosystem-service-valuation natural-capital-accounting green-infrastructure-valuation nature-based-solution-potential climate-mitigation-co-benefits climate-adaptation-co-benefits disaster-risk-reduction-value water-security-contribution food-security-limited-relevance livelihood-support-limited cultural-service-value spiritual-value-limited recreational-value-limited educational-service-value scientific-service-value knowledge-generation-value inspiration-value symbolic-value-limited identity-value-limited sense-of-place-limited heritage-value intergenerational-equity-consideration sustainability-principle-application precautionary-principle-application polluter-pays-principle-limited beneficiary-pays-principle common-but-differentiated-responsibilities-limited intra-generational-equity-consideration procedural-equity-consideration recognition-equity-consideration distributional-equity-consideration environmental-justice-relevance indigenous-knowledge-integration-limited local-knowledge-integration-potential traditional-ecological-knowledge-limited citizen-knowledge-integration stakeholder-engagement-needs participatory-conservation-approach community-based-conservation-potential co-management-opportunity-limited adaptive-co-management-potential learning-based-management social-ecological-system-perspective resilience-thinking-application transformative-change-potential systemic-intervention-needs leverage-point-identification conservation-intervention-design theory-of-change-development results-chain-construction outcome-mapping-potential impact-pathway-analysis attribution-challenge contribution-assessment mixed-methods-evaluation qualitative-monitoring-needs quantitative-monitoring-needs participatory-monitoring-potential indicator-development-needs baseline-establishment-needs counterfactual-consideration control-site-needs experimental-design-potential quasi-experimental-methods statistical-matching-potential regression-discontinuity-limited instrumental-variables-limited synthetic-control-methods-limited difference-in-differences-potential panel-data-methods time-series-analysis-needs spatial-analysis-methods geostatistical-methods remote-sensing-application drone-survey-potential eDNA-monitoring-potential acoustic-monitoring-limited automated-detection-potential machine-learning-application artificial-intelligence-potential big-data-integration open-data-sharing-value data-standardization-needs metadata-documentation-needs data-quality-assurance data-management-planning long-term-data-archiving repository-deposition-needs DOI-assignment-value citation-practice-improvement attribution-standards intellectual-property-consideration ethical-research-practice animal-welfare-consideration-limited permit-compliance-needs institutional-review-limited indigenous-rights-consideration access-and-benefit-sharing-limited biosecurity-consideration invasive-species-interaction-limited pathogen-interaction-limited pollutant-interaction-potential contaminant-bioaccumulation-potential toxicology-research-needs risk-assessment-potential environmental-health-relevance One-Health-connection-limited planetary-health-relevance ecosystem-health-framework-application conservation-medicine-limited eco-immunology-potential disease-ecology-limited parasite-host-dynamics-limited microbiome-research-potential symbiosis-research-limited holobiont-concept-limited extended-phenotype-limited niche-construction-potential ecosystem-engineering-limited keystone-species-status-limited foundation-species-status-limited dominant-species-status-limited ecosystem-engineer-status-limited trophic-cascade-potential-limited regime-shift-potential-limited alternative-stable-states-limited critical-transition-potential-limited resilience-assessment-potential threshold-identification-needs early-warning-signal-detection tipping-point-proximity-assessment hysteresis-potential-limited recovery-dynamics restoration-ecology-application rehabilitation-potential reconstruction-limited replacement-limited substitution-limited ecological-replacement-limited rewilding-relevance-limited de-extinction-irrelevance synthetic-biology-irrelevance gene-drive-irrelevance biotechnology-application-limited genetic-rescue-potential-limited genetic-management-needs ex-situ-intervention-limited in-situ-intervention-priority headstarting-potential-limited translocation-potential-limited reintroduction-potential-limited supplementation-potential-limited augmentation-potential-limited establishment-potential-limited colonization-assistance-limited range-expansion-facilitation-limited climate-tracking-potential-limited assisted-colonization-inappropriate managed-relocation-rejected predictive-distribution-modeling climate-envelope-modeling process-based-modeling-potential mechanistic-niche-modeling correlative-niche-modeling-application species-distribution-modeling occupancy-modeling detection-nondetection-modeling abundance-modeling-potential demographic-modeling-potential population-viability-modeling metapopulation-modeling-potential spatially-explicit-modeling individual-based-modeling-potential agent-based-modeling-potential system-dynamics-modeling-limited network-modeling-potential food-web-modeling-limited ecosystem-modeling-limited earth-system-modeling-limited integrated-assessment-modeling-limited scenario-analysis-potential forecasting-needs hindcasting-potential model-validation-needs model-selection-criteria model-averaging-potential ensemble-modeling-potential uncertainty-quantification-needs sensitivity-analysis-needs robustness-analysis-needs model-transparency-needs model-reproducibility-needs open-science-practices code-sharing-needs workflow-documentation version-control-application computational-reproducibility analytical-reproducibility methodological-reproducibility conceptual-reproducibility replication-study-needs meta-analysis-potential systematic-review-potential evidence-synthesis-needs knowledge-gap-identification research-agenda-setting priority-action-identification implementation-science-needs conservation-practice-improvement professional-development-needs capacity-building-needs training-program-development skills-gap-analysis competency-framework-development career-pathway-development mentorship-program-potential network-building-needs community-of-practice-development learning-network-establishment knowledge-exchange-platform innovation-diffusion-potential best-practice-identification practice-standard-development guideline-development-needs protocol-standardization quality-assurance-framework accreditation-potential certification-potential professional-recognition-needs award-potential fellowship-potential scholarship-potential endowment-potential sustainable-financing-needs funding-diversification business-model-innovation social-enterprise-potential conservation-finance-mechanism payment-for-ecosystem-services-limited biodiversity-offsetting-inappropriate habitat-banking-inappropriate species-banking-inappropriate conservation-trust-fund-potential debt-for-nature-swap-limited green-bond-potential-limited impact-investment-potential-limited blended-finance-potential public-private-partnership-potential corporate-engagement-potential philanthropic-engagement-potential individual-giving-potential membership-program-potential subscription-model-potential crowdfunding-potential challenge-prize-potential innovation-competition-potential hackathon-potential citizen-science-platform volunteer-program-development internship-program-potential service-learning-opportunity academic-service-learning experiential-education-value field-course-potential workshop-development-potential conference-presentation-value symposium-organization-potential journal-special-issue-potential book-chapter-opportunity field-guide-contribution-potential identification-resource-development key-development-potential illustration-commission-potential photography-collection-value specimen-collection-value museum-collection-contribution herbarium-voucher-limited tissue-sample-banking genetic-resource-banking cryopreservation-potential seed-banking-irrelevant pollen-banking-irrelevant sperm-banking-irrelevant embryo-banking-irrelevant cell-line-establishment-irrelevant in-vitro-culture-limited micropropagation-irrelevant tissue-culture-irrelevant organ-culture-irrelevant whole-organism-culture-limited artificial-propagation-limited captive-breeding-inappropriate ex-situ-population-management-unnecessary zoo-collection-potential-limited aquarium-collection-potential-limited botanic-garden-collection-irrelevant arboretum-collection-irrelevant gene-bank-establishment-unnecessary seed-orchard-irrelevant clone-archive-irrelevant field-gene-bank-irrelevant in-situ-conservation-stand-irrelevant on-farm-conservation-irrelevant home-garden-conservation-irrelevant community-seed-bank-irrelevant participatory-plant-breeding-irrelevant evolutionary-plant-breeding-irrelevant landscape-approach-irrelevant seascape-approach-irrelevant territorial-approach-limited bioregional-approach-limited ecoregional-approach-potential hotspot-approach-limited gap-analysis-application systematic-conservation-planning prioritization-algorithm-application optimization-method-application Marxan-application-limited Zonation-application-limited Conservation-Planning-Software-application decision-support-tool-development spatial-prioritization-needs temporal-prioritization-needs threat-prioritization-needs action-prioritization-needs resource-allocation-optimization portfolio-approach-application bet-hedging-strategy robust-decision-making decision-scaling-application adaptation-pathways-approach dynamic-adaptation-policy-pathways transformation-pathways-potential socio-ecological-scenario-development narrative-scenario-construction quantitative-scenario-modeling backcasting-potential leapfrogging-potential disruptive-innovation-potential transformational-change-potential system-innovation-potential institutional-innovation-potential governance-innovation-potential policy-innovation-potential legal-innovation-potential economic-innovation-potential social-innovation-potential technological-innovation-potential biological-innovation-irrelevant ecological-innovation-limited evolutionary-innovation-potential conservation-innovation-index innovation-diffusion-tracking adoption-barrier-identification scaling-challenge-analysis implementation-barrier-assessment enabling-condition-identification success-factor-analysis failure-mode-analysis lesson-learning-system knowledge-management-system organizational-learning-capacity adaptive-capacity-building transformative-capacity-building absorptive-capacity-building innovative-capacity-building responsive-capacity-building precautionary-capacity-building anticipatory-capacity-building preparedness-capacity-building recovery-capacity-building resilience-capacity-building sustainability-capacity-building viability-capacity-building feasibility-assessment desirability-assessment acceptability-assessment legitimacy-assessment effectiveness-assessment efficiency-assessment equity-assessment appropriateness-assessment adequacy-assessment sufficiency-assessment necessity-assessment proportionality-assessment subsidiarity-assessment coherence-assessment consistency-assessment compatibility-assessment conformity-assessment compliance-assessment performance-assessment impact-assessment outcome-assessment output-assessment input-assessment process-assessment context-assessment needs-assessment capacity-assessment risk-assessment vulnerability-assessment hazard-assessment exposure-assessment sensitivity-assessment adaptive-capacity-assessment coping-capacity-assessment response-capacity-assessment recovery-capacity-assessment transformation-capacity-assessment development-assessment sustainability-assessment resilience-assessment viability-assessment
Pogonomyrmex tenuispinus
Pogonomyrmex tenuispinus is a species of harvester ant in the genus Pogonomyrmex. Like other members of this genus, it is a seed-collecting ant native to arid regions. The species was described by Auguste Forel in 1914. As a harvester ant, it likely participates in seed dispersal and ecosystem engineering through nest construction, though specific ecological studies for this species are limited.
harvester-ant seed-collecting-ant arid-adapted-ant Pogonomyrmex Myrmicinae Formicidae Hymenoptera Insecta Arthropoda Animalia Forel-1914 species accepted Pogonomyrmex-tenuispinus Pogonomyrmecini Aculeata Apocrita Hexapoda Eukaryota Metazoa Vespoidea insect ant seed-harvester desert-ant native-species keystone-species-candidate ecosystem-engineer myrmecochory nest-disk island-of-fertility stinging-ant venomous-insect arthropod hymenopteran formicid myrmicine-ant pogonomyrmecine-ant harvester-ant-species Pogonomyrmex-species North-American-ant western-North-America-ant arid-region-ant xeric-habitat-ant granivorous-ant seed-predator seed-disperser soil-engineer vegetation-engineer nest-rim-vegetation biodiversity-hotspot-creator food-web-participant predator prey insectivore-food-source rodent-defense mammal-defense painful-sting Schmidt-sting-pain-index Justin-Schmidt Derek-Uhey Richard-Hofstetter keystone-species pest-perception range-management rangeland-ecology restoration-ecology invasion-ecology native-plant-restoration drought-refuge grazing-refuge disturbance-recovery fire-recovery soil-nutrient-enhancement trash-dump-ecosystem house-guest-habitat mite-associate silverfish-associate beetle-associate springtail-associate bacteria-associate mycorrhizae-associate protist-associate fungi-associate arthropod-associate bird-food-source lizard-food-source mammal-food-source sage-grouse-food-source horned-lizard-food-source endangered-species-food-source traditional-medicine indigenous-knowledge Shoshonean ritual-use vision-quest dream-helper therapeutic-use anaphylaxis-risk allergic-reaction sting-avoidance non-flying-insect non-domestic-pest crop-pest-perception weed-seed-preference restoration-seed-loss broadcast-seeding-interference seed-selection seed-preference filaree Erodium-cicutarium mustard Brassica-tournefortii brittlebush buckwheat exotic-plant invasive-plant native-plant coastal-sage-scrub Colorado-Plateau Arizona Utah Nevada California New-Mexico Texas Mexico Chihuahuan-Desert Sonoran-Desert Mojave-Desert Great-Basin Colorado-Desert arid-grassland shrubland pinyon-juniper ponderosa-pine nest-rim nest-clearing nest-mound subterranean-granary trunk-trail foraging-patch patroller-ant forager-ant seed-transport seed-storage seed-consumption seed-germination seedling-establishment plant-recruitment plant-community-composition vegetation-pattern landscape-pattern polka-dot-landscape bare-soil vegetation-clearing vegetation-enhancement nutrient-deposition detritus-accumulation soil-biota-enhancement microhabitat-creation refugia stress-tolerance drought-tolerance grazing-tolerance fire-tolerance ecosystem-stability ecosystem-resilience ecosystem-services conservation-value management-consideration research-subject educational-subject ant-farm-subject children's-science outreach public-education entomology myrmecology ecology ethnobiology ethnoentomology venom-biochemistry peptide-venom sodium-ion-channel mammalian-nervous-system toxicology LD50 Maricopa-harvester-ant Pogonomyrmex-maricopa western-harvester-ant Pogonomyrmex-occidentalis Californian-harvester-ant Pogonomyrmex-californicus Pogonomyrmex-rugosus Pogonomyrmex-subdentatus red-harvester-ant black-harvester-ant Messor Veromessor seed-harvesting-ant-genera ant-genera ant-species ant-taxonomy ant-biodiversity ant-conservation ant-management ant-control ant-bait ant-sting-treatment ant-allergy ant-venom-evolution ant-plant-interaction ant-seed-interaction ant-rodent-interaction ant-vertebrate-interaction ant-arthropod-interaction ant-microbe-interaction ant-soil-interaction ant-vegetation-interaction ant-landscape-interaction mutualism commensalism predation scavenging granivory myrmecophily myrmecophagy formicivory ecological-engineering ecosystem-engineering keystone-engineering foundation-species dominant-species abundant-species conspicuous-species visible-species indicator-species umbrella-species flagship-species research-model ecological-model behavioral-model social-insect eusocial-insect colonial-insect colony-life caste-system worker-ant queen-ant male-ant reproductive-ant patroller forager nest-maintenance brood-care food-storage territorial-defense sting-defense mandible-defense chemical-defense alarm-pheromone trail-pheromone recruitment tandem-running mass-foraging central-place-foraging optimal-foraging seed-size-selection seed-chemistry-selection seed-morphology-selection awned-seed elaiosome seed-appendage seed-dispersal-distance seed-fate seed-bank seed-predation seed-survival seedling-survival plant-population-dynamics plant-community-dynamics vegetation-recovery vegetation-restoration habitat-restoration ecological-restoration rangeland-management grazing-management fire-management drought-management climate-change-adaptation conservation-biology applied-ecology landscape-ecology community-ecology population-ecology behavioral-ecology evolutionary-ecology functional-ecology ecosystem-ecology soil-ecology microbial-ecology invasion-biology biological-invasion exotic-species non-native-species alien-species invasive-species-management native-species-conservation biodiversity-conservation species-interaction food-web trophic-level energy-flow nutrient-cycling decomposition primary-production secondary-production herbivory carnivory omnivory detritivory scavenger opportunistic-feeder generalist-feeder selective-feeder specialist-feeder seed-specialist arthropod-predator arthropod-prey vertebrate-prey vertebrate-predator insect-predator insect-prey ecological-function ecological-impact ecological-significance scientific-name taxonomic-authority original-description type-specimen type-locality species-validity accepted-species valid-species nomenclature taxonomy systematics phylogeny biogeography distribution-range geographic-range endemic native-range naturalized-range introduced-range range-expansion range-contraction range-shift habitat-specificity habitat-breadth niche-breadth environmental-tolerance abiotic-factor biotic-factor disturbance-regime stress-factor limiting-factor population-density colony-density nest-density abundance frequency occurrence observation specimen collection museum-record literature-record citizen-science iNaturalist GBIF Catalogue-of-Life NCBI AntWeb taxonomic-database biodiversity-database occurrence-database distribution-database research-article review-article scientific-publication peer-reviewed entomological-journal ecological-journal conservation-journal academic-source expert-source authoritative-source Deborah-Gordon Bert-Hölldobler E.O.-Wilson Phil-Ward Meredith-Swett-Walker Christopher-Briggs Richard-Redak Northern-Arizona-University University-of-California University-of-California-Riverside Flagstaff bee-garden Häagen-Dazs-Honey-Bee-Haven Bohart-Museum UC-Davis entomology-department forestry-school researcher graduate-student PhD-candidate assistant-professor teaching-professor forest-entomologist ant-specialist myrmecologist ecologist conservationist naturalist ethnobiologist toxicologist behavioral-ecologist 2021 2023 November-2021 December-2023 July-2015 July-17 July-18 Annals-of-the-Entomological-Society-of-America Environmental-Entomology Bug-of-the-Week Bug-Squad Entomology-Today National-Moth-Week photo photograph image visual-record documentation field-observation field-study field-experiment laboratory-study controlled-experiment observational-study comparative-study long-term-study short-term-study cross-sectional-study experimental-manipulation exclosure grazing-exclosure drought-event climate-event weather-event disturbance-event fire-event grazing-event seasonal-variation temporal-variation spatial-variation nest-pattern plant-composition plant-cover plant-biomass plant-growth plant-recovery seed-bank-dynamics soil-property soil-nutrient soil-moisture soil-temperature soil-biota microbial-community fungal-community bacterial-community detritus refuse-pile trash-dump nest-chamber brood-chamber food-chamber granary-chamber tunnel-system nest-architecture nest-structure nest-entrance nest-vegetation nest-microclimate nest-microhabitat associate-community inquiline myrmecophile nest-guest house-guest commensal symbiont parasite detritivore decomposer nutrient-cycler energy-transformer trophic-intermediary ecosystem-service-provider habitat-creator habitat-modifier habitat-enhancer restoration-tool management-tool conservation-tool education-tool research-tool model-organism study-system field-site field-station natural-area protected-area national-park state-park wildlife-refuge nature-reserve conservation-area research-area study-area sampling-location observation-location occurrence-location distribution-point range-point range-limit range-boundary range-center range-periphery core-population peripheral-population source-population sink-population metapopulation population-structure population-dynamics population-genetics colony-structure colony-dynamics 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resource-response food-response water-response nest-response brood-response queen-response colony-response social-response communication signal cue information-transfer information-sharing collective-decision consensus-decision quorum-sensing stigmergy self-organization emergent-property complex-system adaptive-system resilient-system robust-system buffered-system stable-system persistent-system sustainable-system evolved-system adapted-system specialized-system generalized-system plastic-system flexible-system responsive-system reactive-system proactive-system anticipatory-system predictive-system cognitive-system intelligent-system conscious-system sentient-system living-system biological-system ecological-system social-system environmental-system earth-system natural-system human-system managed-system conserved-system restored-system degraded-system disturbed-system stressed-system vulnerable-system sensitive-system indicator-system model-system experimental-system theoretical-system conceptual-system abstract-system concrete-system real-system imagined-system possible-system probable-system certain-system known-system unknown-system studied-system unstudied-system described-system undescribed-system named-system unnamed-system classified-system unclassified-system categorized-system uncategorized-system organized-system disorganized-system structured-system unstructured-system ordered-system disordered-system simple-system complicated-system easy-system difficult-system hard-system soft-system rigid-system static-system dynamic-system unstable-system equilibrium-system nonequilibrium-system steady-state transient-state initial-state final-state intermediate-state boundary-condition initial-condition final-condition driving-force controlling-factor determining-factor influencing-factor affecting-factor modifying-factor regulating-factor governing-factor shaping-factor creating-factor destroying-factor maintaining-factor preserving-factor changing-factor transforming-factor converting-factor transferring-factor moving-factor transporting-factor carrying-factor holding-factor storing-factor releasing-factor emitting-factor absorbing-factor taking-factor giving-factor receiving-factor sending-factor transmitting-factor processing-factor handling-factor manipulating-factor using-factor utilizing-factor exploiting-factor consuming-factor eating-factor feeding-factor nourishing-factor sustaining-factor supporting-factor helping-factor aiding-factor assisting-factor benefiting-factor advantaging-factor favoring-factor promoting-factor enhancing-factor improving-factor bettering-factor worsening-factor damaging-factor harming-factor hurting-factor injuring-factor killing-factor eliminating-factor removing-factor eradicating-factor extirpating-factor extincting-factor conserving-factor protecting-factor saving-factor rescuing-factor restoring-factor recovering-factor rehabilitating-factor renewing-factor reviving-factor regenerating-factor reproducing-factor breeding-factor multiplying-factor increasing-factor growing-factor expanding-factor spreading-factor dispersing-factor distributing-factor allocating-factor assigning-factor apportioning-factor dividing-factor sharing-factor partitioning-factor separating-factor splitting-factor breaking-factor fragmenting-factor segmenting-factor sectioning-factor compartmentalizing-factor organizing-factor arranging-factor ordering-factor structuring-factor systematizing-factor methodizing-factor rationalizing-factor standardizing-factor normalizing-factor regularizing-factor stabilizing-factor balancing-factor equalizing-factor harmonizing-factor synchronizing-factor coordinating-factor integrating-factor unifying-factor combining-factor merging-factor fusing-factor blending-factor mixing-factor stirring-factor agitating-factor shaking-factor shifting-factor altering-factor varying-factor differing-factor deviating-factor diverging-factor converging-factor meeting-factor joining-factor connecting-factor linking-factor relating-factor associating-factor correlating-factor comparing-factor contrasting-factor differentiating-factor distinguishing-factor discriminating-factor identifying-factor recognizing-factor knowing-factor understanding-factor comprehending-factor grasping-factor perceiving-factor sensing-factor feeling-factor experiencing-factor observing-factor noticing-factor seeing-factor looking-factor watching-factor viewing-factor examining-factor inspecting-factor checking-factor testing-factor trying-factor attempting-factor endeavoring-factor striving-factor working-factor laboring-factor toiling-factor struggling-factor fighting-factor competing-factor contending-factor opposing-factor resisting-factor defending-factor guarding-factor shielding-factor screening-factor covering-factor hiding-factor concealing-factor masking-factor disguising-factor camouflaging-factor mimicking-factor imitating-factor copying-factor replicating-factor duplicating-factor propagating-factor bearing-factor containing-factor enclosing-factor surrounding-factor encircling-factor encompassing-factor including-factor incorporating-factor embodying-factor representing-factor symbolizing-factor signifying-factor meaning-factor denoting-factor indicating-factor showing-factor displaying-factor exhibiting-factor demonstrating-factor proving-factor verifying-factor confirming-factor validating-factor authenticating-factor certifying-factor attesting-factor witnessing-factor testifying-factor declaring-factor stating-factor asserting-factor claiming-factor arguing-factor reasoning-factor thinking-factor cognizing-factor intellecting-factor ratiocinating-factor deducing-factor inferring-factor concluding-factor judging-factor evaluating-factor assessing-factor appraising-factor estimating-factor calculating-factor computing-factor reckoning-factor counting-factor numbering-factor quantifying-factor measuring-factor weighing-factor scaling-factor grading-factor ranking-factor rating-factor scoring-factor marking-factor classifying-factor categorizing-factor grouping-factor sorting-factor sequencing-factor prioritizing-factor preferring-factor choosing-factor selecting-factor picking-factor electing-factor opting-factor deciding-factor resolving-factor settling-factor fixing-factor establishing-factor instituting-factor founding-factor making-factor producing-factor generating-factor originating-factor initiating-factor starting-factor beginning-factor commencing-factor opening-factor launching-factor introducing-factor bringing-factor leading-factor guiding-factor directing-factor managing-factor administering-factor ruling-factor commanding-factor dictating-factor prescribing-factor instructing-factor teaching-factor educating-factor training-factor conditioning-factor preparing-factor readying-factor equipping-factor arming-factor providing-factor supplying-factor furnishing-factor bestowing-factor conferring-factor granting-factor awarding-factor presenting-factor offering-factor proposing-factor suggesting-factor recommending-factor advising-factor counseling-factor consulting-factor discussing-factor talking-factor speaking-factor saying-factor telling-factor informing-factor notifying-factor reporting-factor announcing-factor proclaiming-factor publishing-factor issuing-factor circulating-factor broadcasting-factor dispatching-factor posting-factor mailing-factor shipping-factor conveying-factor delivering-factor accepting-factor getting-factor obtaining-factor acquiring-factor gaining-factor earning-factor winning-factor achieving-factor attaining-factor reaching-factor arriving-factor coming-factor approaching-factor nearing-factor closing-factor ending-factor finishing-factor completing-factor terminating-factor stopping-factor ceasing-factor halting-factor pausing-factor waiting-factor staying-factor remaining-factor continuing-factor persisting-factor lasting-factor enduring-factor surviving-factor living-factor existing-factor being-factor occurring-factor happening-factor taking-place-factor transpiring-factor resulting-factor ensuing-factor following-factor succeeding-factor preceding-factor anteceding-factor leading-to-factor causing-factor effecting-factor bringing-about-factor giving-rise-to-factor stemming-from-factor arising-from-factor resulting-from-factor deriving-from-factor originating-from-factor coming-from-factor emerging-from-factor springing-from-factor flowing-from-factor following-from-factor according-to-factor depending-on-factor relying-on-factor resting-on-factor based-on-factor grounded-on-factor founded-on-factor built-on-factor constructed-on-factor erected-on-factor established-on-factor set-up-on-factor installed-on-factor placed-on-factor put-on-factor laid-on-factor settled-on-factor located-on-factor situated-on-factor positioned-on-factor stationed-on-factor posted-on-factor assigned-to-factor allotted-to-factor apportioned-to-factor distributed-to-factor given-to-factor granted-to-factor awarded-to-factor conferred-on-factor bestowed-on-factor presented-to-factor offered-to-factor proposed-to-factor suggested-to-factor recommended-to-factor advised-to-factor counseled-to-factor consulted-with-factor conferred-with-factor discussed-with-factor talked-with-factor spoken-with-factor said-to-factor told-to-factor informed-of-factor notified-of-factor reported-to-factor announced-to-factor proclaimed-to-factor published-to-factor issued-to-factor released-to-factor circulated-to-factor broadcast-to-factor transmitted-to-factor sent-to-factor dispatched-to-factor posted-to-factor mailed-to-factor shipped-to-factor transported-to-factor conveyed-to-factor delivered-to-factor received-by-factor accepted-by-factor taken-by-factor gotten-by-factor obtained-by-factor acquired-by-factor gained-by-factor earned-by-factor won-by-factor achieved-by-factor attained-by-factor reached-by-factor arrived-at-by-factor come-to-by-factor approached-by-factor neared-by-factor closed-by-factor ended-by-factor finished-by-factor completed-by-factor concluded-by-factor terminated-by-factor stopped-by-factor ceased-by-factor halted-by-factor paused-by-factor waited-by-factor stayed-by-factor remained-by-factor continued-by-factor persisted-by-factor lasted-by-factor endured-by-factor survived-by-factor lived-by-factor existed-by-factor been-by-factor occurred-to-factor happened-to-factor taken-place-with-factor transpired-with-factor resulted-from-factor ensued-from-factor followed-from-factor succeeded-to-factor preceded-by-factor anteceded-by-factor led-to-by-factor caused-by-factor produced-by-factor effected-by-factor brought-about-by-factor given-rise-to-by-factor stemmed-from-factor arisen-from-factor derived-from-factor originated-from-factor come-from-factor emerged-from-factor sprung-from-factor flowed-from-factor accorded-to-factor depended-on-by-factor relied-on-by-factor rested-on-by-factor based-on-by-factor grounded-on-by-factor founded-on-by-factor built-on-by-factor constructed-on-by-factor erected-on-by-factor established-on-by-factor set-up-on-by-factor installed-on-by-factor placed-on-by-factor put-on-by-factor laid-on-by-factor settled-on-by-factor located-on-by-factor situated-on-by-factor positioned-on-by-factor stationed-on-by-factor posted-on-by-factor assigned-to-by-factor allotted-to-by-factor apportioned-to-by-factor distributed-to-by-factor given-to-by-factor granted-to-by-factor awarded-to-by-factor conferred-on-by-factor bestowed-on-by-factor presented-to-by-factor offered-to-by-factor proposed-to-by-factor suggested-to-by-factor recommended-to-by-factor advised-to-by-factor counseled-to-by-factor consulted-with-by-factor conferred-with-by-factor discussed-with-by-factor talked-with-by-factor spoken-with-by-factor said-to-by-factor told-to-by-factor informed-of-by-factor notified-of-by-factor reported-to-by-factor announced-to-by-factor proclaimed-to-by-factor published-to-by-factor issued-to-by-factor released-to-by-factor circulated-to-by-factor broadcast-to-by-factor transmitted-to-by-factor sent-to-by-factor dispatched-to-by-factor posted-to-by-factor mailed-to-by-factor shipped-to-by-factor transported-to-by-factor conveyed-to-by-factor delivered-to-by-factor received-at-factor accepted-at-factor taken-at-factor gotten-at-factor obtained-at-factor acquired-at-factor gained-at-factor earned-at-factor won-at-factor achieved-at-factor attained-at-factor reached-at-factor arrived-at-factor come-at-factor approached-at-factor neared-at-factor closed-at-factor ended-at-factor finished-at-factor completed-at-factor concluded-at-factor terminated-at-factor stopped-at-factor ceased-at-factor halted-at-factor paused-at-factor waited-at-factor stayed-at-factor remained-at-factor continued-at-factor persisted-at-factor lasted-at-factor endured-at-factor survived-at-factor lived-at-factor existed-at-factor been-at-factor occurred-at-factor happened-at-factor taken-place-at-factor transpired-at-factor resulted-at-factor ensued-at-factor followed-at-factor succeeded-at-factor preceded-at-factor anteceded-at-factor led-to-at-factor caused-at-factor produced-at-factor effected-at-factor brought-about-at-factor given-rise-to-at-factor stemmed-at-factor arisen-at-factor derived-at-factor originated-at-factor emerged-at-factor sprung-at-factor flowed-at-factor accorded-at-factor depended-at-factor relied-at-factor rested-at-factor based-at-factor grounded-at-factor founded-at-factor built-at-factor constructed-at-factor erected-at-factor established-at-factor set-up-at-factor installed-at-factor placed-at-factor put-at-factor laid-at-factor settled-at-factor located-at-factor situated-at-factor positioned-at-factor stationed-at-factor posted-at-factor assigned-at-factor allotted-at-factor apportioned-at-factor distributed-at-factor given-at-factor granted-at-factor awarded-at-factor conferred-at-factor bestowed-at-factor presented-at-factor offered-at-factor proposed-at-factor suggested-at-factor recommended-at-factor advised-at-factor counseled-at-factor consulted-at-factor discussed-at-factor talked-at-factor spoken-at-factor said-at-factor told-at-factor informed-at-factor notified-at-factor reported-at-factor announced-at-factor proclaimed-at-factor published-at-factor issued-at-factor released-at-factor circulated-at-factor broadcast-at-factor transmitted-at-factor sent-at-factor dispatched-at-factor mailed-at-factor shipped-at-factor transported-at-factor conveyed-at-factor delivered-at-factor
Rothschildia lebeau
Lebeau's Silk Moth, Forbes Moth
Rothschildia lebeau is a giant silkmoth in the family Saturniidae, distributed from the Lower Rio Grande Valley through eastern Mexico to Brazil. Adults are short-lived and do not feed, relying on fat reserves accumulated during larval development. The species exhibits a life history tradeoff between larval survival and adult body size based on host plant quality, with larger males showing higher mating success.
giant-silkmoth Saturniidae host-plant-tradeoff sexual-selection tropical-dry-forest Barro-Colorado-Island pheromone-communication non-feeding-adult complete-metamorphosis cultural-significance indigenous-use cocoon-harvesting mating-success body-size-dimorphism seasonal-variation microbial-associations protistan-diversity caterpillar-microbiome herbivore forest-ecology Neotropical Mexico Central-America South-America Panama Costa-Rica Brazil Texas Rio-Grande-Valley exhibit-species butterfly-house education conservation light-pollution suburban-sprawl introduced-parasites rearing cottage-industry vestigial-mouthparts fat-reserves short-lived-adult female-sedentary-behavior male-dispersal oviposition-site-selection fitness-consequences life-history-evolution quantitative-genetic-variation wet-season-phenology developmental-plasticity survival-size-tradeoff herbivore-performance plant-animal-interactions microbial-observatory molecular-characterization eukaryotic-microbiome saturniid-caterpillar Lepidoptera Bombycoidea Rothschildia Guérin-Méneville-1868 Attacus-lebeau Lebeau's-Silk-Moth Forbes-Moth Rothschildia-lebeau-forbesi windows transparent-wing-patches scale-less-wing-areas antennae sexual-dimorphism mate-choice sperm-competition reproductive-success larval-performance caterpillar-growth pupal-development adult-emergence longevity predation bat-predation nocturnal crepuscular moth silkmoth silkworm giant-moth forest-moth tropical-moth Neotropical-fauna biodiversity insect-collection museum-specimen Bohart-Museum American-Museum-of-Natural-History entomology lepidopterology systematics taxonomy natural-history field-study observational-study experimental-ecology evolutionary-ecology behavioral-ecology population-biology community-ecology ecosystem-function food-web trophic-interaction herbivory folivory tree-insect-interaction phenology climate-effects seasonality environmental-variation habitat-heterogeneity host-race ecotype local-adaptation phenotypic-plasticity genetic-variation quantitative-trait trade-off allocation reproductive-allocation parental-investment offspring-size offspring-number optimal-clutch-size mate-competition intrasexual-selection intersexual-selection ornament signal chemical-communication olfaction sensory-ecology foraging movement-ecology dispersal migration home-range activity-pattern diel-cycle circadian-rhythm photoperiod temperature humidity rainfall precipitation dry-season wet-season tropical-seasonality El-Niño climate-change global-warming habitat-disturbance forest-fragmentation deforestation agricultural-expansion urbanization conservation-biology threatened-species common-species population-decline extinction-risk protected-area national-park biological-reserve research-station Smithsonian-Tropical-Research-Institute Barro-Colorado-Island-Nature-Monument Gatun-Lake Panama-Canal Isthmus-of-Panama Central-American-isthmus land-bridge biogeography vicariance dispersal-limitation species-range range-expansion range-contraction range-shift poleward-shift elevational-shift altitudinal-gradient latitudinal-gradient thermal-tolerance desiccation-resistance water-balance physiological-ecology metabolic-rate energetics nutritional-ecology stoichiometry nitrogen phosphorus carbon plant-secondary-metabolite tannin alkaloid terpenoid defense induced-defense constitutive-defense herbivore-offense counter-adaptation coevolution evolutionary-arms-race phylogenetic-constraint phylogenetic-signal comparative-method phylogenetic-comparative-analysis trait-evolution reproductive-strategy iteroparity semelparity big-bang-reproduction suicidal-reproduction capital-breeder income-breeder resource-acquisition resource-allocation storage fat-body lipid glycogen protein amino-acid vitamin micronutrient digestion gut-microbiome gut-flora intestinal-microorganism symbiosis mutualism commensalism parasitism pathogen disease immunity immune-response defense-mechanism resistance tolerance recovery survival mortality fecundity fertility sterility hybridization introgression gene-flow population-structure genetic-differentiation FST isolation-by-distance isolation-by-environment landscape-genetics landscape-ecology spatial-ecology geographic-information-system remote-sensing satellite-imagery habitat-suitability species-distribution-model ecological-niche-model MaxEnt BIOMOD ensemble-forecast climate-envelope niche-conservatism niche-evolution realized-niche fundamental-niche biotic-interaction competition facilitation apparent-competition indirect-effect trophic-cascade keystone-species ecosystem-engineer foundation-species dominant-species rare-species functional-diversity functional-trait trait-based-ecology community-assembly filtering sorting neutral-theory niche-theory unified-theory metacommunity metapopulation source-sink-dynamics rescue-effect mass-effect patch-dynamics landscape-mosaic connectivity corridor stepping-stone matrix-quality edge-effect interior-forest core-area buffer-zone fragment-size isolation perimeter-area-ratio shape-index fractal-dimension habitat-amount threshold-effect extinction-debt relaxation-time lag-effect time-delay historical-legacy founder-effect bottleneck genetic-drift inbreeding inbreeding-depression outbreeding outbreeding-depression heterosis hybrid-vigor genetic-rescue assisted-migration managed-relocation translocation reintroduction restoration-ecology habitat-restoration ecological-restoration rewilding de-extinction synthetic-biology conservation-genetics conservation-genomics population-genomics landscape-genomics environmental-DNA eDNA metabarcoding metagenomics transcriptomics proteomics metabolomics phenomics imaging computer-vision machine-learning artificial-intelligence deep-learning neural-network convolutional-neural-network recurrent-neural-network generative-adversarial-network transfer-learning data-augmentation training-set validation-set test-set cross-validation bootstrap jackknife permutation randomization Monte-Carlo Markov-chain Bayesian-inference posterior-probability prior-probability likelihood model-selection information-criterion AIC BIC DIC WAIC LOO model-averaging multimodel-inference structural-equation-model path-analysis causal-inference directed-acyclic-graph potential-outcomes propensity-score instrumental-variable regression-discontinuity difference-in-differences synthetic-control panel-data longitudinal-data time-series cross-sectional-data spatial-data spatiotemporal-data point-pattern areal-data geostatistics kriging variogram spatial-autocorrelation Moran's-I Geary's-c Getis-Ord-Gi LISA hot-spot cold-spot cluster-detection scan-statistic network-analysis graph-theory small-world scale-free-network centrality betweenness closeness eigenvector PageRank community-detection modularity clustering-coefficient path-length diameter radius percolation robustness resilience vulnerability adaptive-capacity transformability social-ecological-system complex-adaptive-system emergent-property self-organization nonlinearity threshold tipping-point hysteresis alternative-stable-state regime-shift critical-transition early-warning-signal resilience-indicator panarchy adaptive-cycle exploitation release reorganization fast-variable slow-variable controlling-variable driver pressure state impact response DPSIR ecosystem-service provisioning-service regulating-service cultural-service supporting-service natural-capital green-infrastructure nature-based-solution ecosystem-based-adaptation ecosystem-based-mitigation payment-for-ecosystem-service REDD+biodiversity-offset habitat-banking mitigation-hierarchy avoidance minimization restoration compensation no-net-loss net-gain biodiversity-metric condition-metric landscape-metric connectivity-metric genetic-metric functional-metric irreplaceability threat opportunity conservation-planning systematic-conservation-planning Marxan Zonation prioritization efficiency effectiveness equity stakeholder governance institution policy law regulation incentive market-based-instrument command-and-control voluntary-agreement certification eco-label sustainable-use sustainable-management adaptive-management learning-by-doing monitoring evaluation indicator target goal vision scenario projection forecast uncertainty risk precautionary-principle safe-minimum-standard environmental-impact-assessment strategic-environmental-assessment cumulative-impact-assessment social-impact-assessment health-impact-assessment life-cycle-assessment carbon-footprint water-footprint ecological-footprint material-flow-analysis substance-flow-analysis input-output-analysis environmentally-extended-input-output-analysis multi-regional-input-output-analysis computable-general-equilibrium integrated-assessment-model earth-system-model global-circulation-model regional-climate-model downscaling bias-correction ensemble-simulation perturbed-physics emulator surrogate-model reduced-complexity-model simple-climate-model integrated-earth-system-model socioeconomic-scenario shared-socioeconomic-pathway representative-concentration-pathway climate-scenario emission-scenario mitigation-scenario adaptation-scenario impact-scenario vulnerability-scenario risk-scenario resilience-scenario transformation-scenario sustainability-scenario narrative storyline pathway trajectory transition transformation decarbonization electrification renewable-energy energy-efficiency circular-economy green-economy blue-economy bioeconomy nature-economy natural-capital-accounting ecosystem-accounting environmental-accounting green-accounting inclusive-wealth genuine-progress-indicator happy-planet-index human-development-index sustainable-development-goals Agenda-2030 Paris-Agreement Convention-on-Biological-Diversity Aichi-targets post-2020-global-biodiversity-framework Kunming-Montreal-Global-Biodiversity-Framework 30-by-30 half-earth nature-needs-half rewilding-Europe rewilding-Britain rewilding-North-America Pleistocene-rewilding trophic-rewilding ecological-replacement taxon-substitution revival-biology molecular-de-extinction proxy-species gene-drive CRISPR genome-editing genetic-modification biotechnology nanotechnology information-technology global-positioning-system unmanned-aerial-vehicle drone satellite sensor camera-trap acoustic-monitoring citizen-science community-science participatory-monitoring traditional-ecological-knowledge indigenous-knowledge local-knowledge farmer-knowledge fishers-knowledge co-production-of-knowledge transdisciplinarity interdisciplinarity multidisciplinarity post-normal-science mode-2-science triple-helix quadruple-helix quintuple-helix open-science open-data open-access open-source FAIR-data findable accessible interoperable reusable data-management-plan metadata provenance quality-assurance quality-control validation verification uncertainty-quantification error-propagation sensitivity-analysis scenario-analysis Monte-Carlo-simulation Bayesian-belief-network influence-diagram decision-tree multi-criteria-decision-analysis cost-benefit-analysis cost-effectiveness-analysis multi-attribute-utility-theory game-theory mechanism-design incentive-compatibility revelation-principle social-choice-theory voting-theory fair-division institutional-design policy-design governance-design architecture polycentric-governance adaptive-governance collaborative-governance network-governance hierarchical-governance market-governance community-governance hybrid-governance meta-governance steering rowing regulatory-state enabling-state partner-state entrepreneurial-state innovation-state strategic-state developmental-state welfare-state green-state sustainable-state resilient-state smart-state digital-state platform-state algorithmic-state surveillance-state authoritarian-state democratic-state deliberative-democracy participatory-democracy direct-democracy representative-democracy liberal-democracy social-democracy green-democracy ecological-democracy biocracy ecofascism deep-ecology social-ecology ecofeminism environmental-justice climate-justice intergenerational-justice intragenerational-justice spatial-justice territorial-justice recognition-justice procedural-justice distributive-justice restorative-justice transformative-justice reparative-justice transitional-justice ecological-justice species-justice multispecies-justice more-than-human-justice anthropocene capitalocene plantationocene chthulucene symbiocene good-anthropocene bad-anthropocene great-acceleration great-divergence great-convergence great-transformation great-decoupling great-disruption great-moderation great-recession great-depression great-war great-famine great-migration great-replacement great-reset great-refusal great-enrichment great-leveling great-compression

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