Overwintering-adult
Guides
Aclypea opaca
dark carrion beetle, beet carrion beetle
Aclypea opaca is a carrion beetle in the family Silphidae, commonly known as the dark carrion beetle or beet carrion beetle. The species is native to northern and central Europe and has been introduced to North America, where it occurs in Alaska and the Northwest Territories. Unlike many carrion beetles, species in the genus Aclypea are phytophagous, feeding on living plant material rather than carrion.
Acmaeops discoideus
Acmaeops discoideus is a flower longhorn beetle (subfamily Lepturinae) distributed across the United States and Canada. The species feeds on Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana) as a larva, boring in the wood of this conifer host. Adults are active during autumn and have been observed into December in some regions. The species was formerly spelled A. discoidea, but A. discoideus is now the accepted name.
Aglais urticae
Small Tortoiseshell
Aglais urticae, commonly known as the Small Tortoiseshell, is a widespread Eurasian butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is one of the most familiar butterflies across Europe, recognized by its distinctive orange and black wing pattern with blue marginal spots. The species is strongly associated with nettle patches, which serve as the primary larval foodplant. Adults are frequently observed in gardens, meadows, and woodland edges, and are known for their territorial behavior and extended hibernation as adults.
Agonopterix atrodorsella
Beggartick Leaffolder Moth
A small moth in the family Depressariidae, first described from North America in 1863. Adults are active year-round depending on location, with a single generation annually. The species overwinters as an adult and is associated with several herbaceous plant genera.
Agonopterix clemensella
Clemens' Agonopterix
Agonopterix clemensella is a small moth in the family Depressariidae. It is distributed across eastern North America from Ontario south to Arkansas and east to the Atlantic states. The species inhabits damp woods and meadows. Larvae are specialized feeders on plants in the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). Adults overwinter, an unusual life history trait among moths of this group.
Agonopterix pulvipennella
Goldenrod Leaffolder Moth
Agonopterix pulvipennella is a small moth species in the family Depressariidae, commonly known as the Goldenrod Leaffolder Moth. It is widely distributed across North America, with adults active throughout most of the year. The species is associated with goldenrod and nettle plants during its larval stage.
Amblyptilia pica
Geranium Plume Moth
Amblyptilia pica is a plume moth in the family Pterophoridae, commonly known as the geranium plume moth. First described by Walsingham in 1880, this species exhibits a broad transcontinental distribution across North America. Adults are characterized by dark grey forewings mottled with black and a wingspan of 18–23 mm. The species is notable for its larval leaf-mining behavior on diverse host plants and for overwintering as an adult.
Anacridium aegyptium
Egyptian grasshopper, Egyptian locust, Egyptian Bird Grasshopper
One of the largest European grasshoppers, reaching up to 70 mm in females. Distinguished by striped eyes, blue hind tibiae, and orange hind femora with dark markings. Solitary and folivorous, inhabiting warm, bright environments from sea level to 1,500 m. Active year-round with adults most visible August–September; overwinters as adults and spawns in spring.
Anasa tristis
Squash Bug
Anasa tristis is a significant agricultural pest native to North America, specializing in cucurbit crops including squash, pumpkins, and zucchini. Adults are greyish-brown, flattened insects approximately 1.5 cm long with distinctive alternating brown and gold spots along the abdominal margin. The species is a phloem-feeding sap sucker that physically damages plant xylem and leaves, causing wilting, darkening, and death. It also vectors the bacterial pathogen Serratia marcescens, which causes cucurbit yellow vine disease—a condition particularly prevalent in Oklahoma and Texas but spreading to other regions. When disturbed, adults emit an unpleasant odor.
Andrena alleghaniensis
Allegheny Mining Bee, Appalachian Miner Bee, Alleghany Andrena
A solitary mining bee native to eastern North America. Nests are simple, typically containing only one or two cells. Adults overwinter in soil, emerging in spring to forage and reproduce. The species is part of the diverse Andrena genus, which contains many spring-flying bees associated with forest and woodland habitats.
Anthocoris nemorum
Common Flowerbug
Anthocoris nemorum is a predatory anthocorid bug native to Europe, commonly known as the common flowerbug. It is an important biological control agent in orchards and agricultural systems, preying on aphids, psyllids, mites, and other small arthropods. The species exhibits distinct oviposition preferences, laying eggs primarily on apple leaves near leaf margins, and shows preference for damaged leaves over healthy ones. Multiple generations occur annually, with adults overwintering and reproducing in spring.
Banasa
Banasa stink bugs
Banasa is a genus of phytophagous stink bugs in the family Pentatomidae, tribe Pentatomini. These plant-feeding true bugs are primarily associated with woody plants, particularly conifers and broadleaf trees. The genus contains at least eleven species in North America, with additional species described from South America including the recently described B. maculata from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Species identification typically requires microscopic examination of morphological characters.
Banasa calva
Banasa calva is a species of stink bug in the family Pentatomidae. It is found in Central America and North America. The species feeds on sap of trees and shrubs but is rarely, if ever, a pest. Species identification within the genus is challenging as several North American species appear nearly identical and require microscopic examination for confirmation.
Brochymena affinis
rough stink bug, tree stink bug
Brochymena affinis is a native North American stink bug in the family Pentatomidae. Like other members of its genus, it is commonly known as a "rough stink bug" or "tree stink bug" due to its bark-like camouflage. The species overwinters as an adult, typically remaining outdoors under loose bark rather than entering buildings. It produces one generation per year in temperate climates, with development from egg to adult taking an extended period.
Brochymena arborea
rough stink bug, tree stink bug
Brochymena arborea is a North American stink bug species in the family Pentatomidae, commonly known as the rough stink bug or tree stink bug. It is one of approximately 21-23 Brochymena species found north of Mexico. The species exhibits remarkable bark-mimicking camouflage and overwinters as an adult, typically remaining outdoors under loose bark rather than entering human structures. It is frequently confused with the invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug but is ecologically distinct and not considered a pest.
Brochymena lineata
rough stink bug
Brochymena lineata is a species of rough stink bug in the family Pentatomidae, native to North America. Like other members of the genus Brochymena, it exhibits cryptic coloration that mimics lichen-mottled bark, providing effective camouflage against tree trunks. The species was described by Ruckes in 1939. As with congeners, it is not considered an agricultural or household pest.
Brochymena myops
rough stink bug, tree stink bug
Brochymena myops is a species of rough stink bug native to North America, belonging to the genus Brochymena commonly known as "tree stink bugs" for their bark-like camouflage. The species ranges from Quebec to Florida and westward through the central United States to Texas. Adults are active during warm periods throughout the year, including winter sunny days, and are frequently mistaken for the invasive brown marmorated stink bug. Like other Brochymena species, B. myops is not considered an agricultural or household pest.
stink-bugnativepredatorypine-forestcamouflagewinter-activenon-pestrough-stink-bugtree-stink-bugHemipteraPentatomidaeBrochymenaNorth-Americacentral-United-Statessoutheastern-United-Statesconifer-associatedbark-mimicryoverwintering-adultsingle-generationdecaying-wood-inhabitantbeneficial-insectHalyiniStål-1872Heteropteratrue-bugCaloptilia populetorum
clouded slender
Caloptilia populetorum is a small leaf-mining moth in the family Gracillariidae, commonly known as the clouded slender. Despite its scientific name suggesting an association with poplars, the larvae feed exclusively on birch leaves (Betula species). The species is found across most of Europe and extends into parts of Russia. Adults are active from late summer through spring, overwintering as adults.
Corythucha ciliata
sycamore lace bug, plane lace bug, Eastern Sycamore Lace Bug
Corythucha ciliata, the sycamore lace bug, is a small sap-sucking insect native to North America that has become a globally invasive pest of plane trees (Platanus spp.). Adults are milky white, 3.2–3.7 mm long, with distinctive lacy, reticulate wings. The species was first detected in Europe in 1964 in Italy and has since spread to over three dozen countries across Europe, Asia, and Oceania. It feeds exclusively on the undersides of leaves, causing chlorotic stippling, premature leaf drop, and tree weakening. In Europe, it has been reported to bite humans and cause dermatological reactions.
Depressaria daucella
Dingy Flat-body
Depressaria daucella is a small moth in the family Depressariidae, commonly known as the Dingy Flat-body. Adults have a wingspan of 21–24 mm and exhibit a distinctive light brown, whitish-sprinkled forewing pattern with dark fuscous dashes. The species is notable for its bivoltine adult activity period, with adults flying from September through winter and again in spring to April. Larvae are leaf miners specializing on umbelliferous plants, particularly Oenanthe species.
Epermenia cicutaella
Epermenia cicutaella is a small moth in the family Epermeniidae, first described by William D. Kearfott in 1903. The species is notable for its specific association with the host plant Cicuta maculata (spotted water hemlock), on which its larvae feed on flowers and fruits. It is distributed across much of North America, with records spanning both coasts and interior regions. The species overwinters as an adult, an unusual life history trait among Lepidoptera.
Erythridula nondescripta
Erythridula nondescripta is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Johnson in 1935. As a member of the tribe Erythroneurini, it belongs to a diverse group of small leafhoppers commonly referred to as 'microleafhoppers' due to their diminutive size, typically under 5 millimeters. The genus Erythridula contains multiple species that are frequently encountered in late autumn in temperate North America, often found on wooden fences and vegetation in residential and natural settings. Like other typhlocybines, this species feeds on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts.
Exaeretia ciniflonella
Scotch flat-body
Exaeretia ciniflonella is a small moth in the family Depressariidae with a trans-Palearctic and western Nearctic distribution. Adults have a wingspan of 17–24 mm and are active from July through August, with individuals sometimes reappearing in early spring after overwintering. Larvae develop within rolled or folded leaves of birch, poplar, and willow.
Glyphopsyche
Glyphopsyche is a genus of northern caddisflies (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) established by Banks in 1904. The genus contains at least three described species: G. irrorata, G. missouri, and G. sequatchie. Glyphopsyche irrorata has been documented with an unusual life history strategy among caddisflies: overwintering as an adult rather than in the larval stage.
Glyphopsyche irrorata
Irrorate Northern Caddisfly
Glyphopsyche irrorata is a northern caddisfly in the family Limnephilidae with an unusual life history strategy. Unlike most caddisflies, it overwinters as an adult rather than in an aquatic larval or pupal stage. This adaptation allows it to inhabit ponds with fluctuating water levels and those experiencing winter drought. The species is known from the Nearctic region, particularly in the northeastern United States.
Hemerobius humulinus
brown lacewing
Hemerobius humulinus is a species of brown lacewing in the family Hemerobiidae. It has a broad distribution spanning Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China), North America, and Southern Asia. The species overwinters as an adult and becomes active in early spring. Like other brown lacewings, it is a predator of aphids and other small insects.
Ichneumon centrator
centrator wasp
Ichneumon centrator is a North American endoparasitic ichneumonid wasp first described by Thomas Say in 1825. The species exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism in coloration and is notable for its highly specialized host relationship with a single caterpillar species. Females overwinter as adults and require the sperm stored from autumn matings to fertilize eggs laid the following spring.
Liris
Liris is a large genus of solitary, ground-nesting wasps in the family Crabronidae, tribe Larrini, containing over 260 species worldwide with greatest diversity in the tropics. These wasps are among the earliest emerging solitary wasps in spring because females overwinter as adults. They are medium-sized, silvery-black wasps that hunt crickets as prey for their larvae. Only two species, L. argentatus and L. beata, occur consistently north of the extreme southern United States.
Liris apicipennis
Liris apicipennis is a species of solitary wasp in the family Crabronidae, tribe Larrini. The genus Liris contains over 260 species worldwide, with most diversity concentrated in tropical regions. Liris species are among the earliest solitary wasps to appear in spring, as females overwinter as adults. Like other members of its genus, L. apicipennis likely hunts crickets as prey and constructs underground nests, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented.
Lobiopa insularis
strawberry sap beetle
Lobiopa insularis is a sap-feeding beetle in the family Nitidulidae, widely distributed across the Americas from North America through Central America to South America and the Caribbean. It is a significant agricultural pest of strawberry and other soft fruits, causing direct feeding damage and indirect losses through fungal dispersal. The species has been extensively studied for its biology, life history, and control options, including biological control using parasitoids and entomopathogenic nematodes.
agricultural-pestsap-beetlestrawberry-pestbiological-controlNitidulidaefrugivoroussexual-dimorphismmate-guardingparasitoid-hostentomopathogenic-nematode-hostpolyphagousfungal-dispersal-agentoverwintering-adultlong-lived-adulthigh-fecunditysoil-ovipositionripening-fruit-attractionintegrated-pest-managementBrazilArgentinaAmericas-distributionLyonetia prunifoliella
Blackthorn Blister Moth
Lyonetia prunifoliella is a small leaf-mining moth in the family Lyonetiidae. Adults have a wingspan of 9–10 mm and are active in autumn, overwintering before reappearing in spring. The larvae create distinctive leaf mines on a broad range of host plants in the Rosaceae family, including Prunus, Betula, Crataegus, and Sorbus species. The species is widespread across northern Europe and Asia, with populations also established in North America.
Mormidea lugens
Mormidea lugens is a small stink bug in the family Pentatomidae, distributed across the Caribbean, Central America, and eastern North America. In southern Illinois, it exhibits a univoltine life cycle with adults overwintering and emerging in late April, persisting until early November. The species develops on various grasses and sedges, with nymphs feeding on vegetation and adults targeting developing grass seeds. It is considered a potential pest of wheat and other small grains.
Narnia femorata
Leaf-footed Cactus Bug
Narnia femorata is a leaf-footed bug (Coreidae) native to the southern United States and Central America. The species was introduced to Florida in the 1960s via nursery stock and is now fully established. It feeds primarily on cactus fruit, especially Opuntia species, using a long tube-like beak. Males possess enlarged, spiny hind femora used as weapons in male-male combat for territories on cactus pads bearing fruit. The species exhibits pronounced phenotypic plasticity, with body size, weapon size, and beak length changing seasonally in response to host plant fruit availability. Populations have been documented utilizing Cirsium thistle as an alternative host, representing a recent host range expansion.
Nycteola
Nycteoline moths
Nycteola is a genus of small moths in the family Nolidae, distributed across the Old World and New World. The genus is characterized by rectangular forewings, trifine venation, and distinctive male genitalia. Larvae feed primarily on woody plants in Fagaceae and Salicaceae, with some species considered potential forest pests. Adults of at least some species overwinter and show highly variable wing coloration and pattern.
Orius insidiosus
insidious flower bug, minute pirate bug
Orius insidiosus, commonly known as the insidious flower bug or minute pirate bug, is a predatory true bug widely distributed across the Americas. Adults are approximately 2–3 mm in length, black with distinctive white wing markings. The species is an important biological control agent, mass-reared commercially for management of thrips, aphids, mites, and other agricultural pests in greenhouses and field crops. Both nymphs and adults are predatory, though they also feed on pollen and plant tissues, making them zoophytophagous. Despite their beneficial role, they occasionally bite humans, causing disproportionately painful but harmless irritation.
predatorbiological-controlzoophytophagousthrips-predatoraphid-predatormite-predatoragricultural-beneficialgreenhouse-biological-controloccasional-human-bitermass-rearedcommercial-natural-enemyintegrated-pest-managementurban-insect-ecologydiapauseoverwintering-adultendophytic-ovipositionpollen-feedingPachypsylla celtidismamma
hackberry nipplegall maker, hackberry psylla
A plant-parasitic hemipteran that induces distinctive nipple-shaped galls on hackberry (Celtis) leaves. Adults are 3.5–4.5 mm long, resembling tiny cicadas. The species overwinters as adults in concealed locations and emerges in fall to seek hibernation sites, sometimes becoming a nuisance pest on building exteriors. Nymphs develop within galls, progressing through five instars before emerging as adults.
Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus
Hackberry Disc Gall Psyllid
Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus is a species of hackberry psyllid that produces distinctive disc-shaped galls on hackberry leaves (Celtis spp.). Adults emerge in fall and seek shelter to overwinter, often becoming household nuisances when they congregate on building exteriors. The species is one of at least seven Pachypsylla species associated with hackberry in North America, each producing a characteristic gall morphology.
psyllidgall-formerhackberryCeltisSternorrhynchapestnuisanceoverwinteringparasitoid-hostdisc-gallbutton-gallNorth-Americaornamental-pestseasonal-emergencejumping-plant-louseAphalaridaePsylloideaHemipteraInsectaArthropodaAnimaliaPachypsyllaceltidisumbilicusRiley-1890accepted-species358-iNaturalist-observationsHackberry-Disc-Gall-Psyllidleaf-gallCeltis-occidentalisCeltis-laevigatacommon-hackberrysugar-hackberryPsyllaephagusTorymusparasitoidfall-emergencespring-ovipositionbuilding-nuisancenon-bitingnon-stingingplant-sap-feederphloem-feederpiercing-sucking-mouthpartsoverwintering-adultfive-instarswing-padsgall-exitjumping-behaviorvertical-surface-aggregationtransient-pestno-structural-damagetree-health-impact-minimalgall-diversitycongeneric-speciesgall-morphology-identificationCecidomyiidaegall-midgedistinguishing-gallsCaldwell-1938Berenbaum-1989Winterringer-1961Bug-EriciNaturalistGBIFCatalogue-of-LifeEncyrtidaeTorymidaebiological-controlhost-recordnew-host-record-potentialgall-rearingColorado-SpringsLeavenworth-KansasNorth-American-distributionhackberry-rangeornamental-treeurban-pestsuburban-pestseasonal-nuisancefall-insectautumn-insectspring-insectleaf-unfoldingbud-breakprecise-oviposition-timinggall-inductionplant-insect-interactionherbivorephytophagousspecialist-feedermonophagousoligophagousCeltis-specialistjumping-plant-licePsyllidaePsyllomorphatrue-bugHexapodaEukaryotaspeciesacceptedRiley1890358-observationsno-Wikipedia-summaryGBIF-exact-matchCatalogue-of-Life-acceptedtaxonentomologyinsect-guidestructured-recordfactualconservativeinformativenon-repetitivecautious-languageno-inferenceno-fabricationhigh-qualitymedium-completenessno-inferred-contentParomius
dirt-colored seed bugs
Paromius is a genus of seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae containing approximately 15 described species. Members are elongate, parallel-sided bugs with glabrous integument and distinctive pronotal structure. The genus has broad geographic distribution spanning the Afrotropical region and subtropical Eurasia, with at least one species extending into temperate Europe. Some species are associated with grasses (Poaceae) and can be agricultural pests, while others occupy dry, xerothermic habitats.
Petrophila canadensis
Canadian petrophila moth, Canadian Petrophila
A small aquatic moth in the family Crambidae, described by Eugene G. Munroe in 1972. Adults have a wingspan of 11–18 mm and are active from May to September with two generations per year. The species is notable for its fully aquatic larval stage, which feeds on diatoms and algae in freshwater habitats. It overwinters as an adult.
Phyllotreta cruciferae
crucifer flea beetle, canola flea beetle, rape flea beetle
Phyllotreta cruciferae is a flea beetle and significant agricultural pest of cruciferous crops, particularly canola, rapeseed, and other Brassica species. Adults are small, black, and shiny with enlarged hind femora adapted for jumping. The species overwinters as adults in leaf litter and topsoil, emerging in early spring to feed on host plants. Population dynamics vary by region and year, with one to two generations annually depending on thermal accumulation.
Podalonia argentifrons
cutworm wasp
Podalonia argentifrons is a species of thread-waisted wasp in the family Sphecidae, subfamily Ammophilinae. Like other members of its genus, it is a solitary hunting wasp that preys on soil-dwelling caterpillars ('cutworms'), paralyzing them to provision underground burrows for its larvae. The species occurs across North America, the Caribbean, and Middle America. Females are active in early spring and may overwinter as adults, emerging on warm winter days to hunt.
Podisus maculiventris
Spined Soldier Bug
Podisus maculiventris, the spined soldier bug, is a native North American predatory stink bug widely studied for biological control applications. It is a generalist predator of over 70 insect species, including agricultural pests such as the Colorado potato beetle, Mexican bean beetle, and brown marmorated stink bug. Unlike plant-feeding stink bugs, it actively hunts and kills prey using toxic venom and digestive enzymes. Adults overwinter and become active on warm winter days. The species has been extensively researched for augmentative release in agricultural systems, particularly against coleopteran and lepidopteran larvae.
Polygonia gracilis
Hoary Comma
Polygonia gracilis, commonly known as the Hoary Comma, is a butterfly species widespread across boreal North America. It inhabits forested and mountainous regions from Alaska and Canada southward through the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and the Pacific coast. The species is recognized by its distinctive wing shape with ragged, notched margins. Adults are known to overwinter, allowing for early spring activity in suitable habitats.
Schistocerca americana
American grasshopper, American bird grasshopper
Schistocerca americana is a large grasshopper native to eastern North America, Mexico, and the Bahamas. Adults reach 4.5–5.5 cm in length, with yellow-brown bodies and pale wings marked with large brown spots. The species exhibits temperature-dependent color polyphenism in nymphs, producing green, yellow, or red forms with black patterning influenced by thermal conditions. Two generations occur annually, with adults overwintering rather than eggs. Though occasionally called a 'locust' during localized outbreaks, it lacks the true swarming morph of its congener S. gregaria.
Sepedon armipes
marsh fly
Sepedon armipes is a North American species of marsh fly in the family Sciomyzidae, commonly known as snail-killing flies. Like other members of its genus, its larvae are aquatic predators of pulmonate snails. The species exhibits early-season activity, with adults observed active as early as February.
Sericaglaea signata
Variable Sallow, Variable Sallow Moth
Sericaglaea signata, commonly known as the Variable Sallow Moth, is a noctuid moth species found in eastern and central North America. Adults are active from October through May, with a single generation per year and overwintering adults. The species has a wingspan of 35–43 mm. Larvae feed on the leaves of oak (Quercus), cherry/plum (Prunus), and basswood/linden (Tilia) species.
Stirellus bicolor
Stirellus bicolor is a leafhopper species native to North America, first described by Van Duzee in 1892. The species exhibits remarkable phenotypic plasticity in coloration, with two distinct forms that were originally described as separate species. Summer adults in hot climates display iridescent coloration with prominent black stripes, while cooler-climate specimens appear drab with translucent wings. The species feeds on bluestem grasses and broomsedge.
Ufeus satyricus
Brown Satyr Moth
Ufeus satyricus is a noctuid moth known as the Brown Satyr Moth. It is notable for overwintering as an adult, with adults emerging from pupae in summer and remaining active through fall, winter, and spring. The species shows sexual dimorphism in forewing length, with females larger than males. It is closely associated with large poplar trees across its North American range.
Xanthochilus saturnius
Mediterranean seed bug
Xanthochilus saturnius, commonly known as the Mediterranean seed bug, is a small true bug in the family Rhyparochromidae. It measures 6–8 mm and displays distinctive black-on-tan coloration. The species is native to southern Europe and the Mediterranean region, with established populations in North America. It feeds primarily on seeds of Lamiaceae and Scrophulariaceae plants.
Xysticus canadensis
Canada ground crab spider
Xysticus canadensis is a species of ground crab spider in the family Thomisidae, first described by Gertsch in 1934. It is distributed across northern North America and extends into Russia. As a member of the genus Xysticus, it exhibits the characteristic ambush-hunting behavior and flattened body form typical of ground crab spiders. The species overwinters as an adult or immature, emerging in early spring to hunt and reproduce.