Torymidae
Guides
Erimerinae
Erimerinae is a subfamily of chalcid wasps within the family Torymidae, established by Crawford in 1914. Members of this group are parasitoid wasps, a characteristic shared with other Torymidae. The subfamily is poorly documented in published literature, with limited morphological or biological studies available. Erimerinae contains relatively few described species compared to other torymine subfamilies.
Erimerus
Erimerus is a genus of chalcidoid wasps in the family Torymidae, established by Crawford in 1914. It is the type genus of the subfamily Erimerinae, a small and poorly known group within the Torymidae. The genus is characterized by distinctive morphological features that separate it from other torymids, though detailed biological information remains scarce. Erimerus species are believed to be parasitoids, consistent with the biology of related torymids, but specific host associations are largely undocumented.
Glyphomerinae
Glyphomerinae is a subfamily of chalcidoid wasps within Torymidae, established in 2018 based on molecular phylogenetic studies. The group represents a distinct lineage within torymid wasps, separated from other subfamilies due to genetic and morphological evidence. It contains relatively few described species compared to other torymine groups. Members are parasitoid wasps, though specific host associations remain poorly documented.
Glyphomerus
Glyphomerus is a genus of chalcidoid wasps in the family Torymidae, subfamily Glyphomerinae. Species are parasitoids of gall-forming insects, particularly cynipid wasps. At least one species, G. stigma, exhibits entomophytophagy, consuming gall tissue after feeding on host larvae. The genus is distributed across the Palearctic and Nearctic regions, with documented associations with rose gall wasps in the genus Diplolepis.
Monodontomerinae
Monodontomerinae is a subfamily of chalcidoid wasps within the family Torymidae, established by Ashmead in 1899. Members are small parasitoid wasps that attack the larvae of other insects, particularly those developing in plant galls. The subfamily is characterized by distinctive morphological features of the antennae and ovipositor structure. Taxonomic status has been debated, with some classifications treating it as a synonym of Toryminae.
Monodontomerus
Monodontomerus is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Torymidae, distributed globally with greatest diversity in the Holarctic Region. Species in this genus are parasitoids of various insect orders, with documented associations including pollinators such as megachilid bees and other hymenopterans. Some species have economic importance as biological control agents or pests of beneficial insects. The genus includes at least 25 described species in the New World, with ongoing taxonomic revisions revealing additional diversity.
Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus
Hackberry Disc Gall Psyllid
Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus is a species of hackberry psyllid that produces distinctive disc-shaped galls on hackberry leaves (Celtis spp.). Adults emerge in fall and seek shelter to overwinter, often becoming household nuisances when they congregate on building exteriors. The species is one of at least seven Pachypsylla species associated with hackberry in North America, each producing a characteristic gall morphology.
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Platykula is a genus of chalcidoid wasps in the family Torymidae, tribe Boucekinini, established by Huber in 1927. Members of this genus are parasitoid wasps, a common ecological strategy within Torymidae. The genus is poorly documented in public sources, with minimal species-level information available. It belongs to a family known for attacking gall-forming insects and other concealed hosts.
Podagrion
Podagrion is a genus of small parasitoid wasps in the family Torymidae that exclusively parasitize mantid egg cases (oothecae). Adults measure 2–3 mm and possess distinctive raptorial hind legs that mimic their mantis hosts, along with elongated ovipositors for penetrating oothecae. The genus exhibits a near-cosmopolitan distribution with strongest representation in Afrotropical, Neotropical, and Australasian regions. Podagrion demonstrates complex reproductive adaptations including multivoltine life cycles, phoretic oviposition behavior, and frequent sib-mating facilitated by limited dispersal.
Torymus advenus
Torymus advenus is a parasitoid wasp in the family Torymidae, part of a species group characterized by associations with oak galls. The species was described by Osten-Sacken in 1870. Members of the advenus species group are parasitoids of gall-forming insects, particularly cynipid wasps and gall midges on oaks. Direct biological data for T. advenus sensu stricto is limited; most ecological understanding derives from related species in the group.
Torymus atriplicis
Torymus atriplicis is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Torymidae, described by Huber in 1927. The genus Torymus contains numerous species that parasitize insects developing within plant galls, including psyllids and gall wasps. Specific details regarding the biology and host associations of T. atriplicis remain poorly documented in available literature.
Torymus californicus
Torymus californicus is a species of chalcid wasp in the family Torymidae, first described by Ashmead in 1886. The species is recorded from the United States. Torymidae are primarily parasitoids associated with gall-forming insects and other hosts. Specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available literature.
Torymus fagopirum
Torymus fagopirum is a chalcid wasp in the family Torymidae. The species has been documented as a parasitoid of gall-forming insects, including psyllids. It is known from multiple provinces across Canada. Torymus species in general are associated with galls, where they develop as parasitoids of the gall inducers.
Torymus flavicoxa
Torymus flavicoxa is a parasitoid wasp in the family Torymidae, a group known for attacking insects within plant galls. The species has been recorded as a parasite of psyllid nymphs inhabiting hackberry leaf galls. It is distributed across Canada from British Columbia to Ontario.
Torymus koebelei
Torymus koebelei is a species of chalcid wasp in the family Torymidae. The species was described by Huber in 1927. Torymus species are generally known as parasitoids of gall-forming insects, particularly gall wasps and gall midges. T. koebelei has been documented in the western United States, including California, where it has been reared from oak apple galls.
Torymus racemariae
Torymus racemariae is a small parasitic wasp in the family Torymidae, first described by Ashmead in 1881. As with other members of the genus Torymus, it is presumed to be a parasitoid of gall-forming insects, though specific host records for this species are not documented in the provided sources. The species is currently listed as a synonym of Torymus recemareae in the Catalogue of Life. Torymid wasps are typically associated with galls on various host plants, where they develop by feeding on the gall inducer or other inhabitants.
Torymus rugglesi
Torymus rugglesi is a species of chalcidoid wasp in the family Torymidae, described by Milliron in 1959. The species is known from the eastern United States, with distribution records from Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. Torymid wasps are typically parasitoids, with many species associated with gall-forming insects or plant galls. Specific biological details for T. rugglesi remain limited in published literature.
Torymus solitarius
Torymus solitarius is a small parasitic wasp in the family Torymidae, known to attack gall-forming insects. The species has been documented as a parasitoid of hackberry psyllid nymphs (Pachypsylla spp.) within their galls on hackberry trees. It is one of several Torymus species associated with psyllid galls in North America. Adults emerge from galls by chewing exit holes after completing larval development on the host nymph.
Torymus tubicola
Torymus tubicola is a species of chalcid wasp in the family Torymidae. The species is known to parasitize gall-forming insects, including psyllid nymphs within plant galls. It has been recorded from multiple provinces across Canada.
Torymus zabriskii
Torymus zabriskii is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Torymidae. The species was originally described as Diomorus zabriskii by Cresson in 1878 and subsequently transferred to the genus Torymus. Torymid wasps in this genus are known to develop as parasitoids within insect-induced plant galls.