Fulgoroidea
Guides
Acanaloniidae
Acanaloniid Planthoppers, Cone-headed Planthoppers
Acanaloniidae is a family of planthoppers in the superfamily Fulgoroidea, sometimes treated as a subfamily (Acanaloniinae) within Issidae. The family comprises approximately 7 genera including Acanalonia, Batusa, Chlorochara, and Philatis. Members are characterized by their distinctive cone-headed appearance and reticulate forewing venation. Several species have been introduced to Europe, including Acanalonia conica and Acanalonia bivittata, where they represent the first Nearctic representatives of this family.
Agoo
Agoo is a genus of palm-feeding planthoppers in the family Derbidae, described by Bahder & Bartlett in 2019. The genus is known from Mexico, with two described species: A. kizini from the Yucatán Peninsula and A. palmalopezi from Tabasco. Specimens have been found in association with palms, representing the first record of this genus in Mexico. Molecular sequence data for 18S rRNA and COX1 genes have been published for A. kizini.
Anotia lineata
Anotia lineata is a species of planthopper in the family Derbidae, described by Ball in 1937. It belongs to the subfamily Otiocerinae and tribe Otiocerini. The species is known from limited observations, with distribution records from Arizona. As a member of the planthopper superfamily Fulgoroidea, it shares the characteristic morphology of this group, including an often enlarged or modified head structure. Information on its biology, ecology, and life history remains sparse in published literature.
Balduza
Balduza is a genus of planthoppers in the family Issidae, described by Gnezdilov & O'Brien in 2006. It belongs to the tribe Thioniini within the subfamily Issinae. The genus is part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, a group of Hemiptera known for their varied and often elaborate head ornamentation. Very few observations of this genus exist in public databases.
Bruchomorpha
Bruchomorpha is a genus of planthoppers in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Newman in 1838. These insects belong to the superfamily Fulgoroidea and are characterized as sap-sucking hemipterans. The genus is part of the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. Observations of Bruchomorpha have been documented across North America, particularly in the United States.
Bruchomorpha beameri
A small planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, described by Doering in 1940. The species belongs to the genus Bruchomorpha, a group of diminutive fulgoroid planthoppers found in western North America. Records indicate occurrence in grassland and prairie habitats across the western United States and into Canada.
Bruchomorpha extensa
Bruchomorpha extensa is a planthopper species in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Ball in 1935. It belongs to a genus characterized by distinctive morphological features within the Fulgoroidea superfamily. The species has been documented in western North America, with occurrence records spanning from the southwestern United States to northwestern Mexico. Like other caliscelid planthoppers, it is presumed to feed on plant vascular fluids, though specific host associations remain poorly documented.
Bruchomorpha vittata
Bruchomorpha vittata is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, described by Metcalf in 1923. The specific epithet "vittata" (meaning "striped" or "banded") suggests a striped color pattern on the body. Like other members of the genus Bruchomorpha, this species belongs to the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. Very little specific information about this species' biology, ecology, or distribution has been documented in the available literature.
Caliscelidae
Piglet Bugs
Caliscelidae is a family of planthoppers in the superfamily Fulgoroidea, recognized as a distinct family based on 2013 molecular phylogenetic studies that separated it from Issidae. Members are small sap-sucking insects with marked sexual dimorphism in some species. The family includes approximately 250 described species across three subfamilies: Caliscelinae, Ommatidiotinae, and Peltonotellini. Some genera exhibit unusual morphological specializations, including ant-mimicking males in Formiscurra and the distinctive ball-shaped rostrum in Fitchiella robertsonii.
Caliscelini
Caliscelini is a tribe of small planthoppers within the family Caliscelidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). Members are distributed across Asia, with documented genera including bamboo-feeding specialists in southwestern China and taxa from montane regions of Vietnam. The tribe has been studied primarily through taxonomic descriptions of new genera and species, with limited biological data available for most representatives.
Cedusa vanduzeei
Cedusa vanduzeei is a species of planthopper in the family Derbidae, first described by Flynn and Kramer in 1983. It belongs to the subfamily Breddiniolinae and tribe Cedusini. The genus Cedusa is part of the diverse planthopper superfamily Fulgoroidea, which contains many economically important agricultural pests. This species is one of numerous small, often overlooked insects within the Hemiptera that inhabit various plant communities.
Cixiinae
Cixiinae is a subfamily of planthoppers within the family Cixiidae, one of three subfamilies alongside Bothriocerinae and Borystheninae. It contains approximately 2,000 described species distributed across sixteen recognized tribes, though tribal relationships remain incompletely resolved. The subfamily has a complex taxonomic history with multiple tribal revisions since 1938, and several tribes lack adequate morphological description. Members are small to medium-sized insects with characteristic fulgoroid morphology.
Colpopterinae
Colpopterinae is a subfamily of planthoppers in the family Nogodinidae, established by Gnezdilov in 2003. Members of this subfamily are part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily within the order Hemiptera. The subfamily is characterized by specific morphological features of the head and wings that distinguish it from other nogodinid subfamilies. Colpopterinae species are distributed across various regions, with documented observations contributing to ongoing taxonomic research.
Danepteryx
Danepteryx is a genus of planthoppers in the family Tropiduchidae, established by Uhler in 1889. The genus contains approximately six described species distributed in North America. These insects belong to the subfamily Elicinae and tribe Elicini within the diverse tropiduchid lineage of fulgoroid planthoppers.
Derbidae
Derbid Planthoppers, Derbids
Derbidae is a large and diverse family of planthoppers within the superfamily Fulgoroidea, comprising over 1,700 described species in 166 genera. Adults are small sap-sucking insects typically 5–10 mm in length, with highly variable morphology across subfamilies and tribes. The family exhibits striking diversity in wing shape, head structure, and antennae form. Nymphs develop in decaying organic matter, particularly under bark of dead trees and in palm debris, where they feed on fungi—an unusual life history trait among planthoppers. Several species are economically significant as suspected vectors of phytoplasma diseases affecting palms, including lethal yellowing and related syndromes, though clear evidence of transmission remains limited.
Dictyobia semivitrea
Dictyobia semivitrea is a species of planthopper in the family Tropiduchidae, first described by Provancher in 1889. It belongs to the tribe Elicini within the subfamily Elicinae. The species has been recorded across a broad geographic range in North America, from California and Texas to Québec.
Dictyonissus griphus
Dictyonissus griphus is a tropiduchid planthopper species described by Uhler in 1876. It belongs to the family Tropiduchidae, a group of fulgoroid planthoppers characterized by their often broad, flattened body form. The species occurs in arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States and Mexico.
Exortus
Exortus is a genus of planthoppers in the family Issidae, established by Gnezdilov in 2004. It belongs to the tribe Thioniini within the subfamily Issinae. Members of this genus are part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, a group of sap-feeding insects characterized by their modified head structures and often cryptic body forms. The genus is relatively poorly documented in public sources, with limited observational records available.
Issinae
Issinae is a subfamily of planthoppers within the family Issidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). The group contains multiple tribes including the recently erected Picumnini and subtribe Duroidina within Parahiraciini. Taxonomic revisions continue to clarify relationships within this subfamily, particularly regarding New World taxa. The subfamily is characterized by specific morphological features including wing venation and body form typical of the Issidae family.
Juniperthia producta
Juniperthia producta is a species of planthopper in the family Achilidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1915. Like other members of Achilidae, it belongs to the superfamily Fulgoroidea within the order Hemiptera. The species has been recorded from California, USA, based on distribution data from GBIF and iNaturalist. As with many fulgoroid planthoppers, detailed natural history information for this species remains limited.
Kathleenum
Kathleenum is a genus of planthoppers in the family Issidae, described by Gnezdilov in 2004. It belongs to the tribe Thioniini and subtribe Thioniina within the subfamily Issinae. The genus is part of the diverse fulgoroid radiation of Hemiptera, characterized by their distinctive body forms and reduced wings in many species. As a relatively recently described genus, its species-level diversity and biology remain incompletely documented.
Melanoliarus caldwelli
Melanoliarus caldwelli is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, described by Mead and Kramer in 1982. Members of this genus are small, cryptically colored insects associated with plant roots. The species is native to the southeastern United States. Like other cixiids, adults are capable of jumping and weak flight.
Melanoliarus yavapanus
Melanoliarus yavapanus is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, described by Ball in 1934. The species epithet references Yavapai County, Arizona, indicating its association with the southwestern United States. Cixiidae are a diverse family of fulgoroid planthoppers, many of which are associated with specific host plants and exhibit complex life histories involving root-feeding nymphs. As with most members of its genus, detailed ecological information for this species remains limited.
Misodema reticulata
Misodema reticulata is a species of tropiduchid planthopper first described by Melichar in 1906. It belongs to the family Tropiduchidae, a group of fulgoroid planthoppers characterized by their relatively broad bodies and often reticulate wing venation. The species is documented from the southwestern United States, with records from Arizona and Texas. As a member of the subfamily Elicinae, it shares morphological traits with other genera in this group, though specific biological details remain limited in published literature.
Momar
Momar is a genus of planthoppers in the family Achilidae, established by Fennah in 1950. Members of this genus belong to the tribe Plectoderini within the subfamily Myconinae. Achilidae planthoppers are characterized by their flattened, often cryptic appearance and association with fungal hosts. The genus is part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily within the order Hemiptera.
Mula
Mula is a genus of planthoppers in the family Derbidae, described by Ball in 1928. Members of this genus belong to the tribe Sikaianini within the subfamily Otiocerinae. Derbidae planthoppers are known for their elongated wings and association with fungal-feeding habits in many species. The genus is part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, which contains numerous economically significant agricultural pests and ecologically important decomposers.
Nersia florida
Nersia florida is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, described by Fennah in 1944. It belongs to the tribe Nersiini and is part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily within the order Hemiptera. Distribution records indicate presence in the southeastern United States (Florida, Mississippi, Texas) and Veracruz, Mexico. The species is one of approximately 429 observations recorded on iNaturalist, suggesting it is not exceptionally rare but also not among the most commonly encountered planthoppers.
Nogodinidae
Nogodinid Planthoppers
Nogodinidae is a family of planthoppers within the superfamily Fulgoroidea. Members are distinguished by membranous wings with reticulate venation, a frons longer than wide, and antennae arising well below the eye with a clubbed base and unsegmented flagellum. The family contains four extant subfamilies (Bladininae, Gastriniinae, Colpopterinae, Nogodininae) and one fossil subfamily (†Ambitaktoinae). Taxonomic placement has been historically unstable, with some authors treating Nogodinidae as a subfamily of Issidae. Most species are forest-dwelling and less than 2 cm in length.
Omolicna joi
Omolicna joi is a species of planthopper in the family Derbidae, described in 2014. It belongs to the tribe Cenchreini within the subfamily Derbinae. The species is part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, which contains many economically important agricultural pests. Like other derbids, it is likely associated with plant hosts, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Papagona
Papagona is a genus of planthoppers in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Ball in 1935. It belongs to the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. Members of this genus are part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, a group of Hemiptera characterized by their specialized mouthparts and often distinctive head morphologies. The genus has been documented in taxonomic literature but remains poorly known in terms of species diversity and natural history.
Paralixes
Paralixes is a genus of planthoppers in the family Issidae, described by Caldwell in 1945. It belongs to the tribe Thioniini within the subfamily Issinae. Members of this genus are small, often compact-bodied insects adapted to life on host plants. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with limited species-level descriptions and biological data available.
Paralixes scutatus
Paralixes scutatus is a species of planthopper in the family Issidae, first described by Walker in 1858. It belongs to the tribe Thioniini within the subfamily Issinae. The species has been recorded from the southwestern United States and parts of Central America. Like other Issidae, it is a member of the Fulgoroidea superfamily, characterized by their distinctive body shape and reduced wings in many species.
Paramysidia
Paramysidia is a genus of derbid planthoppers established by Broomfield in 1985. It contains seven described species, all named by Broomfield except for two species originally described under different genera and later transferred. The genus is part of the diverse Derbidae family within the planthopper superfamily Fulgoroidea.
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epilepsis
Sea Grape Flatid
Petrusa epilepsis, commonly known as the Sea Grape Flatid, is a planthopper in the family Flatidae native to the Caribbean region. Adults are covered in a distinctive frosty, white waxy coating and hold their wings in a tent-like posture characteristic of the subfamily Flatinae. The species feeds on multiple host plants including seagrape (Coccoloba uvifera), coffee, coco-plum, jasmine, and black mangrove, and has been recorded as a pest causing direct feeding damage and promoting sooty mold growth through honeydew excretion. Originally described from Puerto Rico, it has been documented across the West Indies and has been detected in Florida, raising concerns about its potential to become an invasive pest in mainland tropical and subtropical regions.
Phylloscelis pallescens
Phylloscelis pallescens is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, first described by Germar in 1839. It belongs to the tribe Phylloscelini, characterized by leaf-like body forms. The species has been recorded in several central and southeastern U.S. states including Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, and Kansas.
Phylloscelis pennata
Phylloscelis pennata is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, described by Ball in 1937. It belongs to a small genus within the tribe Phylloscelini, characterized by leaf-like body modifications. The species is known from extremely limited records, with minimal observational data available.
Protrocha obscura
Protrocha obscura is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1912. It belongs to the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. The species is placed in the superfamily Fulgoroidea, a diverse group of fulgoroid planthoppers characterized by their often distinctive head morphology. Very little is known about the biology and ecology of this species, which appears to be rarely encountered based on limited observation records.
Rhynchomitra microrhina
Rhynchomitra microrhina is a species of dictyopharid planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae. It is a true bug in the order Hemiptera, characterized by the elongated head structure typical of its genus. The species has been documented across the southeastern United States. It is one of the more frequently observed members of its genus, with over 1,600 citizen science records.
Scolops cockerelli
Rhinoceros planthopper
Scolops cockerelli is a small planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, characterized by a distinctive elongated rostrum that gives it a 'rhinoceros' appearance. The species occurs in arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Like other Scolops species, it feeds on plant sap but is not considered an agricultural pest. Adults are typically straw-colored, brown, or gray with reduced wings in some forms.
Scolops grossus
Scolops grossus is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, characterized by a distinctive elongated head projection. The species was described by Uhler in 1876. Like other members of the genus, it inhabits arid and semi-arid environments in western North America. It feeds on plant sap, primarily from host plants in the families Asteraceae and Chenopodiaceae.
Scolops hesperius
Scolops hesperius is a small planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, characterized by a distinctive elongated rostrum that gives the genus its common nickname "rhinoceros planthoppers." The species occurs in western North America and shares the genus-wide traits of squat body form, straw to brown or gray coloration, and enlarged hind legs adapted for jumping. Like other Scolops species, it inhabits arid environments including dry fields, prairies, and grasslands. The biology of this species specifically remains poorly documented, as most research has addressed the genus collectively.
Scolops pallidus
Scolops pallidus is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, first described by Uhler in 1900. It belongs to a genus of distinctive 'rhinoceros planthoppers' characterized by an elongated head projection resembling a snout or horn. The species is currently accepted as valid, though it was previously listed as a synonym in some sources. Like other Scolops species, it is native to North America and feeds on plant sap.
Scolops pruinosus
Scolops pruinosus is a planthopper species in the family Dictyopharidae, characterized by an elongated rostrum or 'horn' projecting from the head. Like other members of the genus Scolops, it is a small, squat insect with reduced wings in some individuals. The genus is endemic to North America, ranging from southern Canada through the United States to northern Mexico. These planthoppers feed on plant sap, primarily from host plants in the families Asteraceae and Chenopodiaceae. Very little is known about the specific biology of S. pruinosus, as most Scolops species remain poorly studied.
Scolops socorroensis
Scolops socorroensis is a planthopper species in the family Dictyopharidae, described by Lawson and Beamer in 1930. Like other members of the genus Scolops, it possesses a distinctive elongated head projection resembling a horn. The species is known from New Mexico, USA. Very little is known about its specific biology.
Shellenius
Shellenius is a small genus of planthoppers in the family Derbidae, subfamily Otiocerinae, tribe Otiocerini. The genus was established by Ball in 1928 and contains species distributed in the eastern United States and Mesoamerica. At least one species has been documented in association with palms in Costa Rica. A recent taxonomic revision transferred Otiocerus interruptus Fowler to this genus as Shellenius interruptus.
Synecdoche dimidiata
Synecdoche dimidiata is a planthopper in the family Achilidae, a group of fulgoroid insects associated with fungal associations. This species belongs to a poorly studied group of true bugs that feed on fungal hyphae rather than plant sap. Records indicate presence in eastern North America from New England to the southeastern United States.
Thionia omani
Thionia omani is a species of planthopper in the family Issidae, first described by Doering in 1938. It belongs to the superfamily Fulgoroidea, a diverse group of sap-feeding insects commonly known as planthoppers. The specific epithet "omani" suggests a connection to Oman, though the precise type locality and original collection details require verification from the original description. As a member of Issidae, it possesses the characteristic body form of this family, with a somewhat flattened, often compact body and wings that may be reduced or fully developed.
Ticrania
Ticrania is a genus of planthoppers in the family Dictyopharidae, described by Emeljanov in 2006. It belongs to the tribe Orgeriini, a group of flightless, often subterranean planthoppers with fossorial (burrowing) forelegs. Members of this genus are poorly known and likely inhabit sandy or loose soil environments associated with plant roots.
Traxus
Traxus is a genus of planthoppers in the family Issidae, established by Metcalf in 1923. It belongs to the tribe Thioniini within the subfamily Issinae. Members of this genus are part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, which contains many economically important and morphologically distinctive planthopper groups. The genus is poorly documented in public sources, with minimal observational records available.
Traxus fulvus
Traxus fulvus is a species of planthopper in the family Issidae, first described by Metcalf in 1923. It belongs to the tribe Thioniini within the subfamily Issinae. The species is recorded from the southern United States and northeastern Mexico, with confirmed observations from Texas, Hidalgo, and Tamaulipas. Like other issid planthoppers, it is presumed to feed on plant phloem, though specific host plants remain unrecorded.
Tropiduchidae
Tropiduchid Planthoppers
Tropiduchidae is a family of planthoppers in the order Hemiptera, within the superfamily Fulgoroidea. The family contains at least 160 genera and approximately 600 described species distributed worldwide. Members are characterized by their planthopper morphology and are classified within the subfamily Elicinae and other subfamilies. The family includes economically significant pests such as Ommatissus lybicus (the Dubas bug), a serious pest of date palms in the Middle East and North Africa.
Xerbus
Xerbus is a genus of planthoppers in the family Achilidae, described by O'Brien in 1971. It belongs to the tribe Plectoderini within the subfamily Myconinae. Members of this genus are part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, a group of sap-feeding insects. The genus is poorly known, with limited published information on its species diversity and biology.