Plant-feeder
Guides
Agromyzidae
leaf-miner flies, leaf miner flies
Agromyzidae is a large family of small flies comprising approximately 2,500 species worldwide. Adults are minute to small (0.9–6.5 mm), with distinctive head sclerotization patterns and reduced wing venation. The family derives its common name from the larval feeding habit: larvae are predominantly leaf miners that feed between the upper and lower epidermis of plant leaves, creating visible mines that are often species-specific in shape. Some species are significant agricultural pests, particularly in the genera Liriomyza, Phytomyza, and Ophiomyia.
Cosmopepla lintneriana
Twice-stabbed Stink Bug, Wee Harlequin Bug
Cosmopepla lintneriana, commonly known as the twice-stabbed stink bug or wee harlequin bug (particularly in Alberta), is a small pentatomid bug with distinctive coloration. The species was first described in 1798 and has undergone several taxonomic revisions. It is broadly distributed across North America and has been recorded on numerous plant hosts.
Empoa
Empoa is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, established by Fitch in 1851 and currently treated as a subgenus of Typhlocyba Germar, 1833. The genus was synonymized with Empoides Vilbaste, 1968, with nine new combinations resulting from this taxonomic revision. Empoa species are part of the Typhlocybinae subfamily, characterized by their small size and plant-feeding habits. The gillettei complex within Empoa comprises 14 Nearctic species that share identical male genitalia, requiring host association data and coloration patterns for species-level identification.
Empoa latifasciata
Empoa latifasciata is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Christian in 1953. Like other members of the genus Empoa, it belongs to the subfamily Typhlocybinae, a group of small plant-feeding insects commonly known as leafhoppers. The species has been recorded from multiple localities in North America including British Columbia, Maine, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, and New Mexico. As with related Empoa species, E. latifasciata likely produces brochosomes—nanoparticles that coat the body surface and provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties—though this has not been specifically documented for this species.
Empoa querci
Empoa querci is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Fitch in 1851. As a member of the subfamily Typhlocybinae, it is a plant-feeding insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts. The species name 'querci' suggests an association with oak (Quercus) species. Like other leafhoppers in the genus Empoa, it likely produces brochosomes—nanoparticles that provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties to its cuticle.
Empoa saffrana
Empoa saffrana is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, originally described as Typhlocyba saffrana by McAtee in 1926. It belongs to the subgenus Empoa of Typhlocyba and is part of the gillettei species complex—a group of 14 Nearctic species that share identical male genitalia and are distinguished primarily by host plant associations and color variation patterns. The species E. elmata Christian, 1953 was synonymized with E. saffrana in a 1983 revision. Like other members of its complex, it is a plant-feeding insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts.
Empoasca
Empoasca n-species is a leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, a group of small plant-feeding insects known for their piercing-sucking mouthparts and economically significant pest status. Leafhoppers in this genus are recognized for causing "hopperburn" damage to crops through their toxic saliva. The specific epithet "n-species" indicates this is an undescribed or placeholder designation for a species within the diverse Empoasca genus, which contains numerous agricultural pests including the potato leafhopper (E. fabae) and the tea green leafhopper (E. onukii).
Eratoneura bella
Eratoneura bella is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by McAtee in 1920. As a member of the Typhlocybinae subfamily, it belongs to a group of small, plant-feeding insects known for their specialized mouthparts and, in many species, production of brochosomes—nanoparticles that create water-repellent and anti-reflective coatings. The genus Eratoneura is part of the diverse Erythroneurini tribe, which contains numerous Nearctic leafhopper species.
Eratoneura mira
Eratoneura mira is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Beamer in 1932. Like other leafhoppers in this genus, it is a small, plant-feeding insect. The species has been documented in the northeastern United States. Leafhoppers in this family are known for producing brochosomes—nanoparticles that coat their bodies for waterproofing and anti-reflective properties.
Eratoneura osborni
Eratoneura osborni is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it is a small plant-feeding insect. The species was described by DeLong in 1916. It has been documented in the eastern United States, with records from Maryland, New Hampshire, Tennessee, and Virginia. As a typhlocybine leafhopper, it likely possesses the characteristic brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that provide hydrophobic and anti-reflective properties to the exoskeleton.
Graphocephala hieroglyphica
Hieroglyphic Leafhopper
Graphocephala hieroglyphica is a sharpshooter leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, characterized by distinctive patterned coloration typical of the genus. Like other Graphocephala species, it possesses brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that make its exoskeleton superhydrophobic and anti-reflective. The species is found across North America from Alabama to British Columbia, inhabiting diverse environments including prairies, woodlands, and wetlands.
Ossiannilssonola berenice
Ossiannilssonola berenice is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It was described by McAtee in 1926. This small hemipteran belongs to a group commonly known as typhlocybine leafhoppers, which are typically associated with woody plants. The genus Ossiannilssonola is named in honor of the Swedish entomologist Ossiannilsson.
Paramysidia
Paramysidia is a genus of derbid planthoppers established by Broomfield in 1985. It contains seven described species, all named by Broomfield except for two species originally described under different genera and later transferred. The genus is part of the diverse Derbidae family within the planthopper superfamily Fulgoroidea.
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