pirate spider
Ero canionis is a species of pirate spider in the family Mimetidae, described by Chamberlin and Ivie in 1935. The species is known from North America, with confirmed records in the United States and Canada. As a member of the pirate spider family, it is presumed to exhibit the characteristic predatory behavior of attacking other spiders, though specific details for this species remain limited.
Eronyxa is a genus of beetles in the family Lophocateridae (formerly treated as Trogossitidae). The genus was described by Reitter in 1876. Larvae of Eronyxa expansus have been documented as common predators of the incense cedar scale (Xylococculus macrocarpae) in California.
Western pondhawk
Erythemis collocata, the western pondhawk, is a dragonfly in the family Libellulidae native to western North America. Adults are predatory, specializing in capturing flying insects. The species has been documented feeding on the western malaria mosquito (Anopheles freeborni), particularly at dusk when these mosquitoes form mating swarms. It employs both active pursuit and sit-and-wait hunting strategies.
Claret Pondhawk
Erythemis mithroides, commonly known as the claret pondhawk, is a neotropical dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is a medium-sized, brightly colored species with distinctive red coloration in males. The species occupies a wide geographic range across the Americas, from the southern United States through Central America and South America, and is frequently encountered in both natural and artificial lentic water bodies. It is an active predator with territorial males that exhibit aggressive behaviors during mate-finding and foraging activities.
Red-mantled Dragonlet
Erythrodiplax fervida, commonly known as the Red-mantled Dragonlet, is a small dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. The species occurs in the Caribbean and South America, with records from Cuba, Colombia, and Mexico. It is one of five Antillean Erythrodiplax species found in Cuba. The last instar larva was formally described in 2007, filling a gap in the taxonomic knowledge of Cuban dragonflies. The IUCN lists the species as Least Concern with a stable population.
Eublemma is a genus of small moths in the family Erebidae, containing over 400 species distributed across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The genus was described by Jacob Hübner in 1829 and has undergone taxonomic revision, previously placed in Noctuidae or as the type genus of subfamily Eublemminae. Several species are economically significant as predators of scale insects, particularly E. amabilis, which attacks lac insects (Kerria spp.) and has been investigated as a biological control agent.
ring-legged earwig
Euborellia annulata is a predatory earwig species in the family Anisolabididae, originally described by Fabricius in 1793. It has been extensively studied as a biological control agent, particularly for lepidopteran pests in corn agroecosystems. The species exhibits five nymphal instars, sexual dimorphism in forceps size and predatory behavior, and is known for its aggressive predation on soft-bodied insect larvae and eggs.
Ring-legged Earwig, Ringlegged Earwig
Euborellia annulipes, commonly known as the ring-legged earwig, is a widespread earwig species in the family Anisolabididae. It has been introduced to many regions worldwide and is recognized as a significant natural biological control agent in agricultural systems, particularly in banana groves and cornfields. The species exhibits notable parental care behavior by females, who remain sedentary to guard eggs and nymphs. Males are more mobile and frequently engage in egg cannibalism, though they can distinguish their own offspring from unrelated eggs and reduce cannibalism accordingly. The species has been studied extensively for its predatory activity against pests including Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) and its response to agricultural management practices.
weevil wasps
Eucerceris is a genus of solitary wasps in the family Crabronidae, containing over 40 described species. These wasps are commonly known as 'weevil wasps' due to their specialized predatory relationship with weevils (Curculionidae). The genus has been subject of taxonomic study by specialists including George R. Ferguson, who completed work on the group begun by Herm Scullen. Species are found in North America and are active during warm months when their prey is available.
Eucerceris canaliculata is a species of solitary wasp in the family Crabronidae (formerly placed in Philanthidae). It belongs to the tribe Cercerini, commonly known as weevil wasps, which specialize in hunting weevils and other beetles to provision their nests. The species is found in North America and is one of multiple Eucerceris species recorded from the region.
Eucerceris provancheri is a species of solitary wasp in the tribe Cercerini (Philanthinae, Crabronidae). Like other members of the genus Eucerceris, it is a weevil wasp that hunts weevils (Curculionidae) to provision nests for its larvae. The species occurs in Central America and North America.
Eucerceris zonata is a species of solitary wasp in the family Crabronidae, tribe Cercerini. It belongs to the weevil wasp group, which are specialized predators of weevils (Curculionidae). The genus Eucerceris was subject to extensive taxonomic revision by George R. Ferguson, who completed work begun by Herm Scullen. This species is native to North America, with records from Canada including Manitoba.
Eucicones marginalis is a species of cylindrical bark beetle in the family Zopheridae, described by Melsheimer in 1846. The genus Eucicones belongs to the subfamily Colydiinae, a group commonly known as cylindrical bark beetles due to their elongated, parallel-sided body form. Members of this family are primarily associated with dead and decaying wood, where they feed on fungi or are predatory on other wood-inhabiting insects. The species is documented from North America, with records from Ontario, Canada.
Euclemensia is a genus of small moths in the family Cosmopterigidae, subfamily Antequerinae. The genus contains at least five described species distributed in North America, including the Kermes Scale Moth (Euclemensia bassettella), which has been documented feeding on scale insects. These are minute moths, with adults typically measuring only a few millimeters in wingspan. The genus was established by Grote in 1878.
Eucyrtopogon albibarbus is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, described by Curran in 1923. The genus Eucyrtopogon contains small to medium-sized predatory flies that can be confused with the related genus Comantella. Both genera share traits such as early spring and late fall adult activity, a humpbacked profile, and ground-perching behavior in open habitats.
Eucyrtopogon diversipilosis is a species of robber fly (Asilidae) described by Curran in 1923. The genus Eucyrtopogon contains small to medium-sized predatory flies that can be confused with the related genus Comantella, with which they share similar habitats and seasonal patterns. Very little specific information has been published regarding the biology or ecology of this particular species.
Eucyrtopogon spiniger is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, described by Curran in 1923. It belongs to a genus of small, slender robber flies found in North America. Members of this genus are predatory as adults, capturing other insects in flight. The specific epithet 'spiniger' refers to spine-bearing characteristics, likely describing some aspect of the morphology.
Eudioctria beameri is a small robber fly in the family Asilidae, subfamily Stenopogoninae. It belongs to a genus containing some of the smallest North American robber flies, with body lengths of only 6–8 mm. The species is primarily western in distribution, though some Eudioctria species extend into eastern North America. Like other robber flies, it is an active aerial predator that captures prey in flight.
Potter wasp, Mason wasp
Euodynerus foraminatus is a solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. Females construct multi-celled nests in pre-existing cavities such as holes in wood or abandoned bee burrows, provisioning each cell with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae. The species is notable for having single-locus complementary sex determination, which typically produces sterile diploid males, yet field studies have documented surprisingly high rates of sibling mating in natural populations. It is widespread across North America and readily uses artificial nest structures such as bee blocks.
Euparagia is the sole extant genus of the subfamily Euparagiinae within family Vespidae. The group represents a geographically relict taxon with a formerly cosmopolitan distribution in past geological times, now restricted to desert regions of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The genus contains ten described species, most named by Bohart between 1938 and 1988. Biological knowledge is extremely limited; only Euparagia scutellaris has been studied, with females known to provision soil nests with weevil larvae.
sea scorpions
Eurypteridae is a family of extinct aquatic arthropods known as sea scorpions, representing some of the largest arthropods to have ever lived. These chelicerates inhabited Paleozoic seas from the Silurian to the Permian periods, approximately 467 to 251 million years ago. Members of this family are characterized by their large size, streamlined bodies, and well-developed swimming paddles. Eurypteridae includes the genus Jaekelopterus, which contains the largest known eurypterid species.
clown beetles
Euspilotus is a genus of clown beetles (family Histeridae) containing more than 80 described species. Members of this genus are predatory beetles, with some species documented as predators of forensic importance at decomposition sites. The genus was established by Lewis in 1907 and is classified within the subfamily Saprininae.
clown beetle
Euspilotus scrupularis is a species of clown beetle in the family Histeridae. It occurs across western and southern North America and into Central America. Like other histerid beetles, it likely inhabits decomposing organic matter where it preys on fly larvae. The species was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1860.
humpbacked orb-weavers
Eustala is a genus of orb-weaver spiders in the family Araneidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. As of November 2024, the genus contains 87 species distributed primarily across the Americas, from the United States through Central America to South America, with highest diversity in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Several species have been documented exhibiting specialized ecological relationships, including myrmecophily (living among ants) in Central American species that inhabit ant-defended acacia plants. The genus includes the well-known humpbacked orb-weaver, Eustala anastera, found across North and Central America.
forcepstail
Evalljapyx hubbardi is a species of forcepstail, a group of small, soil-dwelling arthropods in the class Diplura. Forcepstails are characterized by their distinctive pincer-like cerci at the posterior end of the abdomen. The species belongs to the family Evalljapygidae, which was historically placed within Japygidae. It has been documented in North America.
Evarcha is a genus of jumping spiders (Salticidae) containing approximately 85-98 species distributed worldwide. Members are generally sturdy, often brownish in coloration, and not particularly colorful. The genus is best known for the unusual feeding ecology of E. culicivora, which feeds indirectly on vertebrate blood by preying on blood-carrying mosquitoes. Most species occur in Asia, Africa, and parts of Europe, with some representatives in North America.
Huron River Leafhopper
Flexamia huroni is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described by Bess & Hamilton in 1999. It belongs to the genus Flexamia, a group of leafhoppers known for their specialized host plant associations with grasses. The species is named after the Huron River in Michigan, where it was first collected. Like other members of the genus, it likely exhibits strong ecological dependence on specific grass host plants.
Podzol Ant
Formica podzolica is a species of mound-building ant in the subfamily Formicinae, described by Francoeur in 1973. The species is associated with podzolic soils and functions as an ecosystem engineer in subalpine and montane environments. Colonies modify soil moisture and nitrogen availability around their nests, creating distinct microhabitats that alter plant community composition and structure.
A predatory rove beetle in the subtribe Philonthina, Gabrius splendidulus occurs primarily in Europe and western Russia, with introduced populations in North America. The species develops in subcortical habitats, specifically within bark beetle galleries. Mature larvae have been re-described using light and scanning electron microscopy, with diagnostic characters established to distinguish them from other Philonthina genera.
scuds, freshwater shrimp, sideswimmers
Gammarus is a genus of amphipod crustaceans in the family Gammaridae, containing over 200 described species and representing one of the most species-rich crustacean genera. Species occupy diverse aquatic habitats ranging from purely freshwater to estuarine and marine environments, with salinity tolerance varying markedly among species. The genus is widely distributed throughout the Holarctic region, with additional species extending into tropical Southeast Asia. Gammarus species serve important ecological functions as shredders and predators in aquatic food webs.
thread-legged bug
Gardena is a genus of thread-legged assassin bugs in the subfamily Emesinae, tribe Emesini. It is the second-largest genus in its tribe, with 46 described species. Members of this genus are characterized by their elongated, slender bodies and raptorial forelegs adapted for capturing prey. The genus was established by Dohrn in 1859.
false scorpions
Garypoidea is a superfamily of pseudoscorpions (order Pseudoscorpiones) established by Simon in 1879. It comprises seven families and is classified within the infraorder Iocheirata. Members are small, arachnid predators characterized by their scorpion-like pincers and flattened bodies, lacking the stinging tail of true scorpions.
Big-eyed Toad Bug
Gelastocoris oculatus, commonly known as the big-eyed toad bug, is a riparian predator in the family Gelastocoridae. It inhabits freshwater margins across North and Central America, where its cryptic coloration and hopping locomotion resemble small toads. The species captures smaller insects by leaping onto them and subduing them with piercing-sucking mouthparts. Both adults and nymphs are predatory, with females depositing eggs under rocks or in sand or mud.
toad bug
Gelastocoris rotundatus is a species of toad bug in the family Gelastocoridae, first described by Champion in 1901. It is one of two Gelastocoris species known from North America, where it occurs in the southwestern United States and southward through Central America. Like other toad bugs, it is a predator associated with aquatic margins.
Big-eyed bugs
Geocoridae is a family of predatory true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) comprising over 290 described species. Members are commonly known as big-eyed bugs due to their prominent, laterally expanded eyes. The family is classified within the superfamily Lygaeoidea and includes five subfamilies: Australocorinae, Bledionotinae, Geocorinae, Henestarinae, and Pamphantinae. Several species, particularly in the genus Geocoris, are recognized as important biological control agents in agricultural systems.
big-eyed bug
Geocoris atricolor is a species of big-eyed bug in the family Geocoridae, native to western North America. It is one of three Geocoris species studied in California for temperature effects on development and reproduction. Like other big-eyed bugs, it is a predatory insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts, feeding on small arthropod prey and contributing to biological control in agricultural systems.
bigeyed bug
Geocoris barberi is a species of bigeyed bug in the family Geocoridae, described by Readio & Sweet in 1982. Species in the genus Geocoris are recognized as important natural enemies of agricultural insect pests. They serve as biological control agents in integrated pest management programs, particularly in crop systems such as cucumber fields where they help suppress pest populations.
bigeyed bug
Geocoris black-calli-az is a species of bigeyed bug in the family Geocoridae. Members of this genus are predatory insects recognized for their large, conspicuous eyes. The species has been documented in association with agricultural systems where Geocoris species serve as natural enemies of crop pests.
Large Big-eyed Bug
Geocoris bullatus, commonly known as the large big-eyed bug, is a species of predatory true bug in the family Geocoridae. It is native to North America and belongs to a genus recognized for its value as a biological control agent in agricultural systems. The species is one of three recognized subspecies within the G. bullatus complex, alongside G. bullatus borealis and G. bullatus obscuratus.
big-eyed bug
Geocoris carinatus is a predatory true bug in the family Geocoridae, commonly known as big-eyed bugs. The species was described by McAtee in 1914 and is native to North America. Like other members of the genus Geocoris, it serves as an important natural enemy of agricultural pests, particularly preying on eggs and small nymphs of various pest insects. The species is recognized as a beneficial predator in agricultural ecosystems, contributing to biological control of pest populations.
Florida big-eyed bug
Geocoris floridanus, commonly known as the Florida big-eyed bug, is a predatory insect in the family Geocoridae. The species is distributed across North America, with records from the United States, Canada, the Dominican Republic, and Grand Bahama. Like other members of the genus Geocoris, it is a generalist predator that feeds on small insects and arthropods. The species was described by Blatchley in 1926.
big-eyed bug
Geocoris howardi is a species of big-eyed bug in the family Geocoridae. It is native to North America. Members of the genus Geocoris are recognized for their ecological role as predators of agricultural insect pests. The species was described by Montandon in 1908.
big-eyed bug
Geocoris limbatus is a species of big-eyed bug in the family Geocoridae, occurring in North America. Like other members of the genus Geocoris, it is a generalist predator of small arthropods and is considered beneficial in agricultural systems. The species was described by Stål in 1874.
bigeyed bug
Geocoris lividipennis is a predatory true bug in the family Geocoridae, commonly known as bigeyed bugs. The species is recognized as a beneficial insect in agricultural systems, where it serves as a natural enemy of various crop pests. Adults and nymphs are generalist predators that feed on small arthropods and their eggs. The species has a broad distribution across the Americas and Caribbean islands.
western big-eyed bug
Geocoris pallens is a predatory true bug in the family Geocoridae, commonly known as the western big-eyed bug. It is an omnivorous predator that feeds on insect prey including aphids, leafhoppers, and seed bugs, as well as plant material such as seeds and green tissue. The species is native to western North America and has been introduced to Hawaii and other regions. Both adults and nymphs are predatory, making this species valuable for biological pest control in agricultural systems.
bigeyed bug
Geocoris pallens-or-bullatus is a species of bigeyed bug in the family Geocoridae. Species in the genus Geocoris are recognized as important natural enemies of agricultural insect pests. They have been observed in association with crops including cucumber, where they contribute to biological control of pest populations. The specific epithet "pallens-or-bullatus" indicates taxonomic uncertainty or an unresolved species complex designation.
big-eye bug, bigeyed bug, Corner-spotted Geocoris
Geocoris punctipes, commonly known as the big-eye bug or bigeyed bug, is a predatory true bug in the family Geocoridae. It is a generalist predator found across the Americas and Oceania, with documented effectiveness in biological control of agricultural pests including whiteflies, aphids, moth eggs and larvae, and plant bugs. The species has been extensively studied for its feeding behavior, reproductive biology, and potential as a natural enemy in integrated pest management programs.
big-eyed bug
A predatory true bug in the family Geocoridae. Like other Geocoris species, it is a generalist predator of small arthropods and insect eggs. The species occurs in the Americas from the southern United States through Central America to northern South America.
big-eyed bug
Geocoris uliginosus is a species of big-eyed bug in the family Geocoridae, a group of predatory true bugs. It occurs in North America, with records from the United States, Canada, and North Caicos. As a member of the genus Geocoris, it is a generalist predator that feeds on small arthropods and insect eggs.