Nearctic
Guides
Tipula ignobilis
Tipula ignobilis is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It is known from Canada and the United States, with records spanning from Manitoba and Ontario south to Kansas, Tennessee, and South Carolina. As a member of the genus Tipula, it belongs to one of the most species-rich genera of crane flies in North America.
Tipula inusitata
Tipula inusitata is a species of large crane fly described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1949. It belongs to the family Tipulidae, one of the most diverse families within the order Diptera. The species is known from California, USA, though specific details regarding its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in published literature.
Tipula jacintoensis
Tipula jacintoensis is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It was described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1946. The species is known only from California, where it has been recorded in the San Jacinto Mountains. As a member of the genus Tipula, it shares the characteristic elongated body and extremely long legs typical of crane flies, though specific details of its biology remain poorly documented.
Tipula longiventris
Tipula longiventris is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It is a Nearctic species distributed across eastern and central North America, with records from Canada through the United States. As a member of the genus Tipula, it belongs to one of the most species-rich genera of crane flies. The species is documented through iNaturalist observations and taxonomic databases, though detailed biological information remains limited.
Tipula megaura
Tipula megaura is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Doane in 1901. It is one of the larger species within the genus Tipula. The species occurs across the Nearctic region, with records from Canada and the northern United States. Like other crane flies, it has a slender body and extremely long legs relative to its body size.
Tipula metacomet
Metacomet crane fly
Tipula metacomet is a large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1965. The species is named after Metacomet (also known as King Philip), a Wampanoag chief who led Native American resistance against English colonists in New England during the 1670s. It is one of numerous crane fly species in the genus Tipula, which is the largest genus of crane flies with hundreds of species distributed across the Northern Hemisphere.
Tipula morrisoni
Tipula morrisoni is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, first described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1915. It belongs to the diverse genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. As a crane fly, it exhibits the characteristic elongated body, extremely long legs, and single pair of wings typical of the family. The species is known from the eastern and central United States.
Tipula pacifica
Pacific crane fly
Tipula pacifica is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It occurs along the Pacific coast of North America, from British Columbia south to California. The species was described by Doane in 1912. As a member of the genus Tipula, it shares the characteristic elongated body and extremely long legs typical of crane flies.
Tipula praecisa
Tipula praecisa is a species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It was first described by Hermann Loew in 1872. The species is endemic to the western United States, with records from California, Oregon, and Washington. As a member of the large and diverse genus Tipula, it shares the general body plan of crane flies: an elongated body, very long legs, and a single pair of membranous wings.
Tipula sackeniana
Tipula sackeniana is a crane fly species in the family Tipulidae, described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1918. It belongs to the large genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species worldwide. The species is known from the eastern United States, with records spanning from New York and Connecticut south to Tennessee and Georgia. Like other crane flies, adults are characterized by their elongated legs and slender bodies, though specific distinguishing features for this species require close examination.
Tipula schizomera
Tipula schizomera is a large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1940. It is distributed across the southwestern United States and Mexico, representing one of the Nearctic species in this diverse genus. As with other Tipula species, it belongs to a group commonly known as crane flies or daddy longlegs, characterized by elongated bodies and extremely long legs.
Tipula senega
Tipula senega is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1915. It is distributed across the Nearctic region, occurring in Canada from Alberta and Ontario to Newfoundland, and southward through the United States to Iowa, Illinois, New Jersey, Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina. As a member of Tipulidae, it belongs to one of the most species-rich families of Diptera.
Tipula siskiyouensis
Tipula siskiyouensis is a species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1949. The species epithet refers to the Siskiyou Mountains, suggesting a geographic association with this mountain range along the California-Oregon border. Like other Tipula species, it belongs to a large and diverse genus of crane flies commonly known as "daddy longlegs" due to their elongated legs and slender bodies. The species is documented from Oregon in the Nearctic region.
Tipula subeluta
Tipula subeluta is a species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Johnson in 1913. It is a member of the large genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. The species is recorded from the eastern United States, with distribution extending from Massachusetts southward to Louisiana and Florida. Like other crane flies, it is a delicate, long-legged insect often mistaken for a giant mosquito, though adults do not bite and most species have short adult lifespans focused on reproduction.
Tipula submaculata
Tipula submaculata is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, first described by Loew in 1863. It is distributed across eastern and central North America, ranging from Wisconsin and Ontario south to Arkansas, Tennessee, and South Carolina. As a member of the genus Tipula, it belongs to one of the most species-rich genera of crane flies, though specific ecological and behavioral details for this particular species remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.
Tipula tricolor
Tipula tricolor is a Nearctic species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae, first described by Fabricius in 1775. It is distributed across much of eastern and central North America, from Canada south through the United States. As a member of the large genus Tipula, it shares the characteristic elongated body and extremely long legs typical of crane flies.
Tipula ultima
crane fly
Tipula ultima is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It was originally described as Tipula flavescens by Fabricius in 1805, but that name was preoccupied. Charles Howard Alexander proposed the replacement name ultima in 1915. The specific epithet refers to its late-season flight period; this species flies later in the year than most other crane flies. It is found across much of Canada and the United States.
Tipula valida
large crane fly
Tipula valida is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It is recognized as a valid species within the genus Tipula, with two recognized subspecies: the nominate form T. v. valida and T. v. atricornis. The species has been documented across the Nearctic region with distribution records in Canada and the United States. As a member of Tipulidae, it belongs to one of the most species-rich families of Diptera, commonly known as crane flies or daddy longlegs.
Tipula xanthostigma
Tipula xanthostigma is a species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Dietz in 1917. Records indicate it occurs in the Nearctic region, specifically in Colorado, USA. As with many crane flies, detailed biological information is limited.
Tominotus communis
burrowing bug
Tominotus communis is a species of burrowing bug in the family Cydnidae. It occurs across a broad geographic range spanning the Caribbean, Central America, and North America. As a member of Cydnidae, it possesses the fossorial adaptations characteristic of this family, including enlarged forelegs modified for digging.
Tonibius
Tonibius is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, established by Thomas L. Casey in 1895. The genus is native to the Nearctic region, with records primarily from western North America. As a member of the diverse Tenebrionidae family, these beetles are adapted to arid and semi-arid environments. The genus remains relatively poorly documented in public sources, with limited species-level information available.
Tortistilus albidosparsus
Tortistilus albidosparsus is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Stål in 1859. It belongs to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae, a group known for diverse pronotal modifications. The genus Tortistilus is part of the Nearctic treehopper fauna, with records from western North America. Species in this genus are characterized by distinctive pronotal structures typical of the Ceresini.
Tortistilus collinus
Tortistilus collinus is a treehopper species described by Van Duzee in 1908, belonging to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae. The genus Tortistilus is part of the diverse family Membracidae, known for their highly modified pronota that often resemble plant parts or other structures. This species is recorded from California, USA, where it occurs among other members of its genus.
Tortistilus curvatus
Tortistilus curvatus is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, described by Caldwell in 1949. It belongs to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae, a group characterized by diverse pronotal modifications. The genus Tortistilus is part of the Nearctic treehopper fauna, with this species recorded from the western United States. Like other members of Membracidae, it possesses an enlarged pronotum that extends over the body, though specific morphological details for this species remain limited in published literature.
Tortistilus inermis
Tortistilus inermis is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Fabricius in 1775. It belongs to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae. The genus Tortistilus is part of a diverse group of treehoppers characterized by pronotal modifications, though the specific morphology of T. inermis is not detailed in available sources. The species has been recorded across western and central North America.
Tortopsis primus
Manitoba white burrowing mayfly
Tortopsis primus is a species of burrowing mayfly in the family Polymitarcyidae, described by McDunnough in 1924. It is commonly known as the Manitoba white burrowing mayfly. The species belongs to the order Ephemeroptera, an ancient group of aquatic insects with aquatic immature stages and short-lived winged adults. As a member of Polymitarcyidae, it exhibits the family characteristic of burrowing habits in its nymphal stage.
Tortopsis puella
Tortopsis puella is a species of burrowing mayfly in the family Polymitarcyidae, originally described by Pictet in 1843. It belongs to a genus characterized by fossorial (burrowing) larvae that inhabit sandy or muddy substrates in freshwater environments. The species is known from the Nearctic region, with records from North America.
Tortopus
Tortopus is a genus of burrowing mayflies in the family Polymitarcyidae, restricted to six species based on cladistic revision: T. igaranus, T. circumfluus, T. harrisi, T. zottai, T. bellus, and T. arenales. The genus is characterized by distinctive morphological synapomorphies including female parastyli receptors with long anterior furrows, entirely flattened penes, and nymphs bearing two subapical tubercles on mandibular tusks. Nymphs construct U-shaped tunnels in clay banks, a behavior that renders them difficult to sample with standard aquatic survey methods.
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advenus
Torymus advenus is a parasitoid wasp in the family Torymidae, part of a species group characterized by associations with oak galls. The species was described by Osten-Sacken in 1870. Members of the advenus species group are parasitoids of gall-forming insects, particularly cynipid wasps and gall midges on oaks. Direct biological data for T. advenus sensu stricto is limited; most ecological understanding derives from related species in the group.
Toxomerus
Calligrapher Flies
Toxomerus is a large genus of hoverflies (family Syrphidae) distributed across the Americas, with over 130 described Neotropical species and additional Nearctic endemics. Species are small (typically 6–9 mm), characterized by large eyes with posterior indentation and diagnostic abdominal patterns. Most larvae are predatory on soft-bodied insects, particularly aphids, though at least three species are known pollen-feeders. Adults are pollinivorous, feeding on nectar and pollen from diverse flowering plants. The genus includes notable ecological specialists such as Toxomerus basalis, a kleptoparasite of sundews (Drosera), and several species introduced to the Afrotropics.
hoverflyflower-flyaphid-predatorpollinatorbiological-controlHymenoptera-mimickleptoparasiteintroduced-speciesNeotropicalNearcticAfrotropical-introductionpolyvoltineSyrphiniSyrphinaeDipteraSyrphidaeToxomerus-marginatusToxomerus-disparToxomerus-pulchellusToxomerus-basalisToxomerus-floralisToxomerus-politusToxomerus-apegiensisDroserasundewpollenivorypredatory-larvaeurban-adapteragricultural-beneficialcryptic-larvaeeye-dimorphismterritorial-behaviorDNA-barcodingcitizen-sciencemuseum-collectionsrange-expansionconservation-concernToxonprucha
cruel toxonprucha moth, spotted toxonprucha moth, bird toxonprucha
Toxonprucha is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae, subfamily Erebinae, containing approximately 13 described species. The genus was established by Heinrich Benno Möschler in 1890. Species are distributed across the southwestern United States (primarily Arizona), Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. Several species have received common names, including the 'cruel toxonprucha moth' (T. crudelis), 'spotted toxonprucha moth' (T. pardalis), and 'bird toxonprucha' (T. volucris).
Toxorhina magna
Toxorhina magna is a species of limoniid crane fly found in eastern North America. Adults are characterized by yellowish-brown coloration, which distinguishes them from the grayish congener Toxorhina muliebris. The species has been documented from the Atlantic coast west to Michigan and south to Florida. Like other crane flies, it belongs to a group of delicate, long-legged flies whose larvae typically develop in moist soil or decaying organic matter.
Toya idonea
Toya idonea is a delphacid planthopper in the family Delphacidae, first described by Beamer in 1947. The species has a broad distribution spanning the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America. Specific records exist from the southeastern United States (Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi) and Brazil (Bahia). As a member of Delphacidae, it belongs to a family characterized by a movable spur on the hind tibia, a trait distinguishing delphacids from other planthopper families.
Trachyderini
Trachyderini is a tribe of long-horned beetles (Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) comprising at least 140 genera and 650 described species. Members are predominantly diurnal, medium to large-sized, and frequently exhibit bright coloration. The tribe has a primarily New World distribution, with notable diversity in southwestern North America, Mexico, Central America, and South America, though some genera extend into the Palearctic region including Mongolia. Several genera display striking mimicry of wasps or other beetles.
Trachykele
Trachykele is a genus of jewel beetles (family Buprestidae) containing six described species distributed in North America. The genus belongs to the subtribe Trachykelina within the tribe Buprestini. At least one species, Trachykele blondeli, has been documented developing in red cedar (Thuja plicata) in western North America, with larvae feeding internally in the wood and adults emerging from trees. The genus is part of the diverse metallic woodboring beetle fauna of the Nearctic region.
Trachykele blondeli blondeli
Trachykele blondeli blondeli is a subspecies of jewel beetle (family Buprestidae) native to western North America. Studies conducted in the 1920s at Pender Harbour, British Columbia, documented its association with red cedar (Thuja plicata), with larvae developing within the wood of living or recently dead trees. The species is among the few Buprestidae for which detailed life history investigations have been attempted, though much remains unknown about its biology.
Trachykele blondeli cupreomarginata
A subspecies of jewel beetle in the family Buprestidae, described by Helfer in 1953. Belongs to the subtribe Trachykelina within the tribe Buprestini. The specific epithet 'cupreomarginata' suggests copper-colored marginal features, though detailed morphological descriptions specific to this subspecies are not readily available in the provided sources.
Trachykele fattigi
Trachykele fattigi is a species of jewel beetle (family Buprestidae) described by Knull in 1954. It belongs to the genus Trachykele, which is placed in the subtribe Trachykelina within the tribe Buprestini. The species is part of the Nearctic fauna of North America. Very little specific information about its biology, host associations, or distribution has been published in accessible sources.
Trachykele hartmani
Serpentine Cypress Wood-boring Beetle
Trachykele hartmani is a small jewel beetle (family Buprestidae) described by Burke in 1920. It is one of approximately 50 species in the genus Trachykele, a group of wood-boring beetles primarily associated with coniferous hosts. The species is known from the Nearctic region of North America. Like other members of the subtribe Trachykelina, it likely develops in the wood of cypress or related Cupressaceae, though specific host records for this species are not well documented. The common name "Serpentine Cypress Wood-boring Beetle" suggests an association with cypress species.
Trachykele lecontei
Trachykele lecontei is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, a group commonly known as jewel beetles. The species was described by Gory in 1841 and is native to North America. Like other members of its genus, it belongs to the subtribe Trachykelina within the tribe Buprestini. Specific details regarding its biology, host associations, and habitat preferences remain poorly documented in available sources.
Trachykele opulenta
Trachykele opulenta is a jewel beetle species in the family Buprestidae, first described by Fall in 1906. It belongs to the subtribe Trachykelina within the tribe Buprestini. The species is part of the Nearctic fauna and has been recorded from British Columbia, Canada. Like other members of its genus, it is a metallic wood-boring beetle with larvae that develop in wood.
Triacanthagyna septima
pale green darner, Pale-green Darner
Triacanthagyna septima, commonly known as the pale green darner, is a relatively small aeshnid dragonfly found across the Americas from the southern United States through Central America to South America. Adults measure 59–66 mm in length with a wingspan of 68–86 mm. The species exhibits subtle sexual dimorphism, with females possessing three long, slender cerci that may break off in mature individuals, causing them to resemble males.
Trichiorhyssemus riparius
Trichiorhyssemus riparius is a small aphodiine dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, first described by Horn in 1871. It belongs to the tribe Psammodiini, a group commonly associated with sandy habitats. The species is known from the southwestern United States.
Trichiotes
Trichiotes is a genus of darkling beetles (family Tenebrionidae) described by Casey in 1907. The genus is native to the Nearctic region. Like other tenebrionids, members of this genus are generally associated with arid or semi-arid habitats. The genus is poorly documented, with minimal published biological information available.
Trichiotinus rufobrunneus
Florida flower scarab
Trichiotinus rufobrunneus is a species of flower scarab beetle endemic to Florida, commonly known as the Florida flower scarab. It belongs to the genus Trichiotinus, a North American endemic group of trichiine scarabs. The species is associated with the flowers of Opuntia australis (Florida pricklypear cactus), an endemic plant, and has been observed mating within these flowers. Its distribution is limited to Florida, making it a species of conservation concern due to habitat loss from urban development and agriculture.
Trichochrous sp. nova prope pedalis
Trichochrous sp. nova prope pedalis is an undescribed species within the soft-winged flower beetle genus Trichochrous. The species epithet indicates it is a new species ('sp. nova') closely related to T. pedalis ('prope pedalis'). Members of this genus are small to medium-sized beetles associated with flowers and vegetation.
Trichoclinocera
Trichoclinocera is a genus of aquatic dance flies in the family Empididae, subfamily Clinocerinae. The genus contains approximately 30 described species distributed across the Holarctic and eastern Asia, with 16 species recognized from the Nearctic region and nine from Japan. Species are organized into six species-groups based on morphological characteristics, primarily of the male terminalia. The genus was established by Collin in 1941 and has undergone significant taxonomic revision, with Seguyella and Acanthoclinocera recently synonymized under Trichoclinocera.
Trichoclinocera dolicheretma
Trichoclinocera dolicheretma is a Nearctic dance fly (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae) belonging to the monotypic T. dolicheretma species group. The species was originally described by Melander in 1902 and later synonymized with T. brunnipennis, which was subsequently reversed with T. brunnipennis synonymized under T. dolicheretma. A lectotype was designated for this species in a 1994 revision of Nearctic Trichoclinocera. The species is part of a genus whose immature stages were described for the first time in that revision, though specific details for T. dolicheretma were not separately highlighted.
Trichonotuloides aphoderrans
Trichonotuloides aphoderrans is a species of aphodiine dung beetle described from Arizona in 2015. The genus Trichonotuloides comprises small to medium-sized scarab beetles associated with decomposing organic matter. This species is distinguished from congeners by specific morphological features of the pronotum and elytra. It is known only from the type locality in the southwestern United States.
Trichopsocus dalii
Trichopsocus dalii is a small barklouse species in the family Trichopsocidae, characterized by its green coloration. It has been recorded across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and North America. The species is associated with a broad range of woody host plants.