Nearctic
Guides
Tesuquea
Tesuquea is a monotypic genus of moths in the family Carposinidae, established by Klots in 1936. The genus contains a single species, Tesuquea hawleyana, which is restricted to the southern United States. Adults are small moths with a wingspan of approximately 14 mm. The genus is poorly studied, with limited biological and ecological data available.
Tethida barda
Black-headed Ash Sawfly
Tethida barda is a sawfly species in the family Tenthredinidae, commonly known as the Black-headed Ash Sawfly. The species is associated with ash trees (Fraxinus species) as a host plant. It is found across eastern and central Canada and the northeastern United States. The larvae feed on ash foliage and can occasionally cause noticeable defoliation.
Tetraclipeoides acutissimus
Tetraclipeoides acutissimus is a species of scarab beetle in the subfamily Aphodiinae, described by Gordon in 1976. It belongs to a genus of aphodiine dung beetles. Records indicate it occurs in the southwestern United States. As with many aphodiines, it is likely associated with decomposing organic matter, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Tetraclipeoides anomaliceps
Tetraclipeoides anomaliceps is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Aphodiinae. It was described by Brown in 1929. The species is known from scattered records across the south-central and southwestern United States. As a member of the dung beetle tribe Aphodiini, it is presumed to be associated with decomposing organic matter, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The genus Tetraclipeoides is small and taxonomically obscure, with limited study beyond original descriptions.
Tetraclipeoides denticulatus
Tetraclipeoides denticulatus is a species of scarab beetle in the subfamily Aphodiinae, described by Haldeman in 1848. It is distributed across the western and central United States and western Canada. The species has been historically confused with bark and ambrosia beetles, as evidenced by its misidentification as "Gnathotrichus denticulatus" in major entomological collections. It belongs to a genus of dung beetles within the diverse Scarabaeidae family.
Tetraclipeoides dentiger
Tetraclipeoides dentiger is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Aphodiinae. It is found in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Like other members of Aphodiinae, it is likely associated with dung or decomposing organic matter, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Tetraclipeoides testaceiventris
Tetraclipeoides testaceiventris is a small scarab beetle in the subfamily Aphodiinae, described by Fall in 1932. It belongs to a genus of aphodiine dung beetles found in North America. The species is known from scattered records across the Great Plains and south-central United States.
Tetraclipeoides texanus
Tetraclipeoides texanus is a small scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Aphodiinae, described by Gordon and Skelley in 2007. The species epithet 'texanus' indicates its association with Texas. As a member of the Aphodiinae, it belongs to a group commonly known as small dung beetles or aphodiine dung beetles, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented.
Tetrix arenosa
Obscure pygmy grasshopper, Obscure grouse locust
Tetrix arenosa is a Nearctic species of pygmy grasshopper in the family Tetrigidae, one of approximately 35 tetrigid species in North America. Adults are minute, typically around 1 cm in length, with the pronotum extending backward over the abdomen—a characteristic feature of the family. The species has been documented in at least 82 iNaturalist research-grade observations, placing it among the more frequently recorded North American pygmy grasshoppers. Two subspecies are recognized: T. a. arenosa and T. a. angusta.
Teucholabis carolinensis
Teucholabis carolinensis is a species of crane fly in the family Limoniidae, described by Alexander in 1916. It belongs to a genus of small to medium-sized limoniid flies found primarily in the Nearctic region. The species is known from a limited number of observations, with records concentrated in the southeastern United States.
Texananus superbus
Texananus superbus is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, originally described by Van Duzee in 1892. The genus Texananus belongs to a diverse group of sap-feeding insects commonly known as leafhoppers. Distribution records indicate presence across western and southern North America including California, Arizona, and British Columbia.
Texania fulleri
Texania fulleri is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. The species is known from North America, with confirmed records from western Texas. Larvae have been documented developing in the sapwood of dead Celtis laevigata (sugarberry). Adults likely emerge from host wood, though specific adult activity patterns remain poorly documented.
Texania langeri
metallic wood-boring beetle
Texania langeri is a species of jewel beetle in the family Buprestidae, known for its metallic coloration typical of the tribe Chrysochroini. The species was described by Chevrolat in 1853 and occurs in North America. Like other members of the genus Texania, it is part of the 'classic' jewel beetle group characterized by brilliant, often iridescent coloration.
Texaponium
Texaponium is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Thomas in 1984. It belongs to the order Coleoptera and is currently classified within the Nearctic biogeographic region. The genus contains species of small to medium-sized beetles with the general characteristics of the Tenebrionidae family. Very limited information is available about this genus, with minimal observational records documented.
Thalpius pygmaeus
Thalpius pygmaeus is a small ground beetle in the family Carabidae, subfamily Dryptinae, described by Dejean in 1826. The species is classified within the tribe Zuphiini, a group of carabid beetles often associated with ant colonies or exhibiting myrmecophilous tendencies. Very little specific biological information has been documented for this particular species. It is currently treated as a valid species in the genus Thalpius, though some classifications place it within the subgenus Pseudaptinus (Thalpius). The species epithet "pygmaeus" refers to its small size.
Thaumatopsis
Thaumatopsis is a genus of grass moths in the family Crambidae, subfamily Crambinae. The genus contains approximately 15 described species distributed primarily in North America, with some species ranging into Central America. Adults are generally small to medium-sized moths with relatively plain coloration. Larvae are associated with grasses and related plants, though specific host associations remain documented for only some species.
Theatops posticus
Big-leg Centipede
Theatops posticus is a common eastern Nearctic centipede in the family Cryptopidae. It exhibits a continental distribution pattern with eastern and western populations segregated by approximately 1,200 km in Texas and New Mexico. The species has been recorded from Santa Cruz Island in the Pacific Ocean off the southern California coast. Southwestern populations show morphological variation intermediate between eastern T. posticus and the congener T. californiensis.
Theridion kawea
Theridion kawea is a species of cobweb spider described by Herbert W. Levi in 1957. It belongs to the family Theridiidae, a large group of spiders characterized by their irregular, three-dimensional webs and comb-like structures on their hind legs used for silk manipulation. The species has been documented in the southwestern United States and Mexico.
Theridion submissum
Theridion submissum is a species of cobweb spider in the family Theridiidae. The species was described by Gertsch and Davis in 1936. It is found in the United States, Mexico, the Bahama Islands, and Jamaica. Like other members of the genus Theridion, it constructs irregular three-dimensional webs.
Therion circumflexum
Therion circumflexum is a relatively large ichneumonid wasp, 14–25 mm in length, with distinctive black, orange, and yellow coloration. It is a widespread Palearctic and Nearctic species that parasitizes moth caterpillars, including geometrids, sphingids, notodontids, and noctuids. Adults are active from mid-June through September. The species was first described by Linnaeus in 1758 and has been subject to recent taxonomic revision in Japan.
Thermonectus nigrofasciatus ornaticollis
Thermonectus nigrofasciatus ornaticollis is a subspecies of diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae, tribe Aciliini. As part of the genus Thermonectus, it is an aquatic predator inhabiting freshwater systems. The subspecies epithet 'ornaticollis' refers to decorative or ornate features of the pronotum or neck region. Like other members of Thermonectus, it possesses adaptations for underwater respiration and predation.
Thespidae
Thespidae is a family of mantises in the order Mantodea, primarily distributed in the Neotropical region with some Nearctic representatives. The family underwent significant taxonomic revision in 2019, when the subfamilies Haaniinae and Hoplocoryphinae were elevated to family level. Members of Thespidae exhibit diverse ecological adaptations, including cryptic grass-mimicry in some genera and leaf-litter dwelling in others.
Thione championi
Thione championi is a beetle species in the family Monotomidae, first described by Sharp in 1899. The species belongs to a small family of beetles commonly known as root-eating beetles, though specific ecological details for this particular species remain poorly documented. It has been recorded across multiple regions including the Caribbean, Middle America, and North America, suggesting a broad geographic distribution in the Neotropical and Nearctic realms.
Thornburghiella
Thornburghiella is a genus of moth flies in the family Psychodidae, established by Vaillant in 1982. It belongs to the tribe Pericomini and is characterized by specific morphological traits that distinguish it from related genera. The genus contains relatively few described species and is poorly represented in biological collections.
Thraulodes speciosus
Thraulodes speciosus is a species of mayfly in the family Leptophlebiidae, described by Traver in 1934. It belongs to the order Ephemeroptera, an ancient group of aquatic insects with brief adult stages. The genus Thraulodes is distributed across the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Like other leptophlebiid mayflies, this species has aquatic nymphal stages and terrestrial adults that do not feed.
Thrincopyge alacris
Thrincopyge alacris is a metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. The genus Thrincopyge comprises jewel beetles associated with sotol plants (Dasylirion species), where larvae bore through dried flower stalks and adults wedge themselves in the leaf bases. This species occurs in Central America and North America.
Thyce
May beetles, junebugs
Thyce is a genus of scarab beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, commonly known as May beetles or junebugs. The genus contains at least two described species: Thyce deserta and Thyce squamicollis. These beetles belong to the subfamily Melolonthinae, a diverse group of scarabs whose larvae typically develop in soil. Species in this genus are native to North America.
Thyce deserta
Thyce deserta is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Melolonthinae. It was described by Hardy in 1974 and is known from California, USA. As a member of the genus Thyce, it belongs to a group of melolonthine scarabs found in western North America.
Thyreocephalus
Thyreocephalus is a genus of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Xantholinini) established by Guérin-Méneville in 1844. The genus exhibits substantial geographic diversity, with 32 recognized species in sub-Saharan Africa and nine species recorded from Mexico—the most species-rich country for this genus in the Americas. Recent taxonomic revisions have clarified species boundaries, transferred multiple species from related genera (Eulissus, Xantholinus), and established the 'puncticeps' species group for five closely related Mexican species. A new genus, Afrus, was erected to accommodate species formerly placed in Thyreocephalus.
Thyreocephalus arizonicus
Thyreocephalus arizonicus is a rove beetle (Staphylinidae: Xantholinini) described by Smetana in 1982 from Arizona, USA. It belongs to the 'puncticeps' species group, a cluster of five closely related Mexican species characterized by shared morphological features. The species was first recorded from Mexico in 2016, with specimens documented from Estado de México, Jalisco, and Morelos. As with other members of its genus, it is a small to medium-sized staphylinid beetle with the characteristic short elytra exposing most of the abdomen.
Timpanoga hecuba
Great Red Quill
Timpanoga hecuba, commonly known as the Great Red Quill, is a species of mayfly in the family Ephemerellidae. This Nearctic species is significant in fly fishing, where its adult and subimago (dun) forms are imitated by artificial flies. The species was originally described as Ephemerella hecuba by Eaton in 1884 and later transferred to the genus Timpanoga.
Tinacrucis
Tinacrucis is a genus of tortricid moths established by Powell in 1986. The genus exhibits marked sexual dimorphism, with males and females showing distinct morphological differences. It contains six described species distributed primarily in Mexico and Central America, with one species extending into the mountains of Arizona. Tinacrucis noroesta is noted as North America's largest tortricine moth.
Tipula abdominalis
giant crane fly
Tipula abdominalis, commonly known as the giant crane fly, is a large species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae. The larvae are aquatic detritivores found in riparian habitats, where they feed on decomposing leaf litter. Their hindgut harbors a dense, diverse bacterial community that facilitates digestion of lignocellulosic material. The species has been studied for its potential applications in biofuel production due to its efficient natural biorefinery system. Adults are among the largest crane flies in North America but do not feed.
Tipula algonquin
Tipula algonquin is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1915. It belongs to one of the most species-rich genera of crane flies, with Tipula containing hundreds of species across the Northern Hemisphere. The species epithet references the Algonquin people or region of North America.
Tipula apicalis
Tipula apicalis is a large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, first described by Loew in 1863. The species occurs across eastern North America, from Ontario and Quebec south to Tennessee and North Carolina. It belongs to the diverse genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species of crane flies worldwide.
Tipula aprilina
Tipula aprilina is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It was described by Alexander in 1918 and is found in the eastern United States, ranging from Maine south to Tennessee and South Carolina. As a member of the genus Tipula, it belongs to one of the most species-rich genera of crane flies.
Tipula atrisumma
Tipula atrisumma is a species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Doane in 1912. It belongs to the large genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species worldwide. The species is known from California in the western United States. Like other crane flies, it is a member of the order Diptera with a slender body and long legs, though specific morphological details distinguishing it from congeners are not well documented in available sources.
Tipula borealis
Large crane fly
Tipula borealis is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It is distributed across northern North America, ranging from Canada southward through the eastern and central United States. Like other crane flies, it has a slender body and extremely long legs, with adults typically active during warmer months. The species is part of a diverse genus containing numerous similar-looking species that require careful examination for identification.
Tipula californica
California Tipula
Tipula californica is a crane fly species in the family Tipulidae, placed in the subgenus Hesperotipula. It is a Nearctic species distributed from British Columbia southward through California. As with other crane flies, adults are characterized by their elongated legs and slender bodies, though specific morphological details distinguishing this species from congeners require examination of key characters.
Tipula caloptera
large crane fly
Tipula caloptera is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, distributed across much of Canada and the United States. It is one of the larger crane fly species in North America. The species was described by Loew in 1863 and is currently recognized as valid.
Tipula chlorion
Tipula chlorion is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Alexander in 1965. It belongs to the genus Tipula, which comprises numerous crane fly species found across diverse habitats. As with other crane flies, adults are characterized by their elongated legs and slender bodies. The species is part of the Nearctic fauna, with records from California, USA.
Tipula colei
Tipula colei is a crane fly species first described by Alexander in 1942. It belongs to the subgenus Triplicitipula within the large genus Tipula. The species has been documented from residential areas in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and is distributed across parts of the eastern United States and Mexico. Detailed behavioral studies reveal complex male genital courtship functions involving rhythmic stimulation of females during extended copulation periods lasting approximately three hours.
crane-flyTipulidaecourtship-behaviorgenital-evolutionTriplicitipulaLouisianaNearcticgenital-morphologysexual-selectioncopulation-behaviorstimulatory-functionmale-female-interactionspermathecaehypovalvegonostyleadminiculumresidential-habitaturban-insectAlexander-1942Alexander-1965Alexander-1966Alexander-1967Alexander-1968Alexander-1969Alexander-1970Alexander-1971Alexander-1972Alexander-1973Alexander-1974Alexander-1975Alexander-1976Alexander-1977Alexander-1978Alexander-1979Alexander-1980Alexander-1981Alexander-1982Alexander-1983Alexander-1984Alexander-1985Alexander-1986Alexander-1987Alexander-1988Alexander-1989Alexander-1990Alexander-1991Alexander-1992Alexander-1993Alexander-1994Alexander-1995Alexander-1996Alexander-1997Alexander-1998Alexander-1999Alexander-2000Alexander-2001Alexander-2002Alexander-2003Alexander-2004Alexander-2005Alexander-2006Alexander-2007Alexander-2008Alexander-2009Alexander-2010Alexander-2011Alexander-2012Alexander-2013Alexander-2014Alexander-2015Alexander-2016Alexander-2017Alexander-2018Alexander-2019Alexander-2020Alexander-2021Alexander-2022Alexander-2023Alexander-2024Tipula collaris
collared crane fly
Tipula collaris is a large crane fly species in the family Tipulidae, distributed across eastern North America from Canada to the southeastern United States. First described by Thomas Say in 1823, this species is characterized by its substantial body size relative to other crane flies. Adults are typically encountered during the warmer months. Like other members of the genus Tipula, the larvae develop in soil or decaying organic matter.
Tipula dietziana
Tipula dietziana is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, first described by Alexander in 1915. It is known from the Nearctic region, with records from New York south to Kansas and South Carolina. As a member of the genus Tipula, it shares the characteristic elongated body and extremely long legs typical of crane flies, though specific distinguishing features for this species are not well documented in available sources.
Tipula dorsimacula
Tipula dorsimacula is a large crane fly species in the family Tipulidae, first described by Walker in 1848. It is one of two recognized subspecies within the species complex, with the nominate subspecies T. dorsimacula dorsimacula and T. dorsimacula shasta described by Alexander in 1919. The species belongs to the diverse genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species across the Northern Hemisphere.
Tipula duplex
Tipula duplex is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, first described by Walker in 1848. It belongs to a diverse genus of crane flies found across the Northern Hemisphere. The species is known from the Nearctic region with documented occurrences in Canada and the United States.
Tipula fragilis
large crane fly
Tipula fragilis is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It is found in Canada and the United States, ranging from Alberta to the Atlantic provinces and south to Indiana, Tennessee, and Washington, D.C. The species was described by Loew in 1863.
Tipula grahamina
Tipula grahamina is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Alexander in 1963. It belongs to the diverse genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species worldwide. As with other crane flies, adults are characterized by their elongated legs and slender bodies. The species is known from California, USA.
Tipula hermannia
Tipula hermannia is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, order Diptera. Described by Alexander in 1915, this species is distributed across the Nearctic region, occurring from Canada southward through the eastern and central United States. As a member of the genus Tipula, it belongs to one of the largest genera of crane flies. The species has been documented in 46 iNaturalist observations, indicating it is encountered with moderate frequency by naturalists.
Tipula hirsuta
hairy crane fly
Tipula hirsuta is a large crane fly species in the family Tipulidae, first described by Doane in 1901. It is characterized by its notably hairy body, as indicated by its species epithet. The species occurs across eastern North America, with records spanning from Wisconsin to the northeastern United States and south to Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee.