Late-season

Guides

Acleris implexana
Acleris implexana is a small tortricid moth with a wingspan of 13–14 mm, distributed across boreal regions of Europe and North America. Adults are active in late summer and autumn, with larvae feeding on Pinus and Salix species. A notable ecological association involves larvae feeding within pine cone willow galls induced by the gall midge Rabdophaga strobiloides. The species is represented by two recognized subspecies: A. i. implexana in North America and A. i. ferrumixtana in Europe.
tortricid boreal late-season gall-associated Pinus-feeder Salix-feeder
Acmaeodera opacula
Acmaeodera opacula is a metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It occurs in western North America, with records from New Mexico and Arizona. Adults are flower-visitors, having been observed on flowers of Grindelia nuda, Picradeniopsis absinthifolia, Fallugia paradoxa, and Gutierrezia sarothrae. The species was formerly known as A. disjuncta. It is active in late summer and fall, with observations from September.
Buprestidae Acmaeodera flower-visitor late-season southwestern-USA juniper-oak-woodland pollinator
Aglaothorax ovata
ovate shieldback, ovate shield-back katydid
Aglaothorax ovata is a species of shield-backed katydid in the family Tettigoniidae, commonly known as the ovate shieldback. It is found in North America and is characterized by its short wings and thickened pronotum that forms a shield over the thorax. Adults are active in late summer and fall. The species includes six recognized subspecies with varying distributions and morphological traits.
orthoptera katydid shield-backed-katydid North-America late-season
Anisota virginiensis discolor
pink-striped oakworm
Anisota virginiensis discolor is a subspecies of the pink-striped oakworm, a wild silk moth in the family Saturniidae. The larvae are gregarious feeders on oak foliage, capable of causing localized heavy defoliation. Caterpillars are visually distinctive with pink or orange longitudinal stripes and fleshy horns behind the head. The subspecies is part of a complex of oak-feeding Anisota species that periodically reach outbreak levels, though damage is typically aesthetic rather than causing long-term tree harm.
defoliator oak-feeder gregarious wild-silk-moth late-season native Saturniidae Ceratocampinae
Archytas metallicus
Archytas metallicus is a species of tachinid fly (family Tachinidae) distributed across North America. As a member of the Tachininae subfamily, it belongs to a group of parasitoid flies whose larvae develop inside other insects. The species has been documented visiting flowers of Ericameria nauseosa (rubber rabbitbrush), where it occurs alongside other pollinators and flower-visiting insects. It is one of numerous Archytas species in the Nearctic region, many of which remain poorly studied in terms of their specific host relationships and ecological details.
tachinidae parasitoid flower-visitor montane western-north-america late-season
Comantella fallei
Comantella fallei is a small to medium-sized robber fly (10-15 mm) found in California and Colorado. Adults are active in early spring and late fall, an unusual seasonal pattern for Asilidae. The species is distinguished by a humpbacked profile, a slender spur on the front tibia, and a distinctive "Mohawk" mane of hairs on the thorax. One observation documents predation on a small wolf spider (Pardosa).
robber-fly Asilidae predator spring fall California Colorado ground-dwelling spider-predator humpbacked Mohawk-mane early-season late-season
Datana
Datana is a genus of prominent moths in the family Notodontidae, erected by Francis Walker in 1855. The genus comprises approximately 13 described species distributed across North America. Larvae of Datana species are known defoliators of hardwood trees and are among the common late-season defoliators of southern U.S. forests. Several species are notable agricultural and ornamental pests, particularly on pecan and walnut trees.
defoliator forest-pest gregarious-larvae Notodontidae hardwood-feeder late-season
Didea
lucent flies
Didea is a Holarctic genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) commonly known as lucent flies. Adults are large-bodied, measuring 10–15 mm, with distinctive black and yellow coloration. The genus is notable for its late-season flight activity and predatory larvae that feed on arboreal aphids.
hoverfly predatory-larvae aphid-predator late-season Holarctic
Euschistus servus
Brown Stink Bug
Euschistus servus, commonly known as the brown stink bug, is a native North American pentatomid species distributed across Central America and North America. It is a significant agricultural pest in the southern United States, feeding on a wide range of crops including soybeans, cotton, corn, peanuts, peaches, and pecans. The species is highly mobile, capable of dispersing up to 15.9 km in flight mill studies, and exhibits seasonal movement between crop hosts and non-crop habitats. Two subspecies are recognized: E. s. servus and E. s. euschistoides.
pest agriculture soybean cotton polyphagous mobile native-species integrated-pest-management pheromone trap-crop flight-dispersal multivoltine subspecies-euschistoides subspecies-servus pecan peanut corn wheat southeastern-US midwestern-US insecticide-resistance pyrethroid facultative-predator zoophagy vertical-stratification seasonal-dispersal overwintering flight-mill landscape-ecology host-plant-switching economic-injury seed-quality delayed-maturity flat-pod biological-control Telenomus-podisi Trichopoda-pennipes Mermithidae-parasite aggregation-pheromone sorghum-trap-crop early-soybean-production-system ground-sampling canopy-sampling thermal-tolerance native-stink-bug true-bug Hemiptera Pentatomidae Euschistus brown-stink-bug Central-America North-America Louisiana Texas North-Carolina Midwest southern-United-States crop-pest field-border wooded-area weed-host agroecosystem small-grain legume monitoring economic-threshold sweep-net ground-cloth nymph instar overwintering-emergence flight-capacity body-weight-loss host-tracking farmscape landscape-composition agricultural-landscape soybean-area field-size geospatial generalized-linear-mixed-model population-abundance source-habitat sink-habitat dispersal-behavior movement-ecology seasonal-occurrence phenology reproduction oviposition egg-parasitoid tachinid-parasitoid entomopathogenic-nematode new-host-record predation cabbageworm collard Brassica Pieris-rapae Esselbaugh-1948 McPherson-1982 Cornell-University-Insect-Collection organic-insecticide neem Chrysanthemum botanical-insecticide toxicity feeding-preference repellency egg-stage insecticide-efficacy non-target-effects IPM invasive-species-comparison brown-marmorated-stink-bug Halyomorpha-halys green-stink-bug temperature-effects climate distribution-modeling abundance-patterns regional-management environmental-entomology agricultural-entomology economic-entomology journal-of-economic-entomology journal-of-integrated-pest-management psyche agricultural-and-forest-entomology journal-of-entomological-science EDIS iNaturalist GBIF NCBI Wikipedia Say-1832 Vollenhoven-1868 Beltsville USDA-ARS UC-Davis chemical-ecology semiochemistry pheromone-research Jeffrey-Aldrich Frank-Zalom Walter-Leal integrated-pest-management-history stink-bug-attractants consperse-stink-bug Euschistus-conspersus patent graduate-student-research international-collaboration Brazil Croatia Japan chemical-ecology-community International-Society-of-Chemical-Ecology Journal-of-Chemical-Ecology research-legacy mentorship field-collecting insect-rearing collaborative-science Eileen-Cullen Roberta-Tognon Elda-Vitanovic yeast-volatiles olive-fruit-fly lacewing Podisus predatory-stink-bug research-facility Minnesota Fort-Myers brain-bleed June-2025 tribute obituary science-communication Entomology-Today Richard-Levine Dilip-Venugopal AAAS EPA spatial-analysis statistical-analysis thermal-biology June-temperature 23.5°C 74°F urban-heat-island 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year-round-feeding further-research-needed crop-response Midwest-specific-research EDIS-publication 2009 comprehensive-overview physical-description damage-description geographical-distribution feeding-habits monitoring-importance trap-crop-emphasis reduced-pesticide-use resurgence-cause economic-impact-emphasis pecan-orchard vertical-distribution ground-level upper-canopy modified-pyramidal-trap hedgerow orchard-edge orchard-center seasonal-monitoring May-through-September October-increase peak-timing early-season late-season trap-height-effect sampling-recommendation throughout-canopy arboreal-habitat small-grain-agroecosystem winter-wheat Triticum-aestivum earliest-abundant-crop primary-source-habitat population-abundance-driver weekly-sampling flowering-through-harvest 2019 2020 geospatial-data generalized-linear-mixed-modelling field-size-effect agriculture-proportion wheat-area-proportion soybean-area-proportion previous-year-effect spring-pest-density agricultural-landscape-dominance decreased-pest-abundance cotton-protection source-habitat-dispersal Zea-mays Arachis-hypogaea Gossypium-hirsutum Sorghum-bicolor 2-year-experiment on-farm-research 2004 2006 density-reduction control-comparison trap-crop-effectiveness pheromone-trap-addition female-density-reduction local-population-decrease overwintering-population-reduction dispersal-reduction preferred-food-absence landscape-level-attraction baseline-flight-capacity body-weight-relationship sex-differences plant-host-use-relationship flight-mill-system 90.1%-flight-range 0-1-km-typical 15.9-km-maximum 2017 seasonal-variation overwintering-emergence-peak cropping-season-low wheat-host corn-host early-season-weed-host soybean-host late-season-weed-host body-weight-loss-proportion farmscape-level-extrapolation management-program-development planning implementation multiple-crops peach EDIS-document life-cycle-detail physical-description-detail damage-detail management-strategy-detail monitoring-emphasis pesticide-reduction-context economic-impact-detail New-York-State Brassica-oleracea Cruciferae August-1983 4th-stage-caterpillar upper-leaf-surface rostrum-impalement lifeless-appearance shrunken-appearance body-fluid-removal voucher-specimen Cornell-University-Insect-Collection-lot-1137 phytophage-label predatory-behavior-record Esselbaugh-1948-citation McPherson-1982-citation nominal-phytophage facultative-predation zoophagous-behavior life-history-documentation developmental-stages seasonal-activity reproductive-biology population-level-information-need full-text-requirement organic-insecticide-testing Acrosternum-hilare green-stink-bug-synonym toxicity-assessment feeding-preference-testing repellency-testing botanical-product-evaluation egg-insecticide-testing Scelionidae non-target-organism selective-toxicity host-preference-testing tachinid-fly Diptera comparative-parasitoid-behavior stink-bug-host-comparison parasitoid-biology iNaturalist-observation-count taxonomic-authority-verification common-name-standardization distribution-record-verification Middle-America Vermont US-state-record corrigendum-notice reproduction-landscape-effects mobile-herbivore-characterization polyphagous-lifestyle multivoltine-reproduction arthropod-herbivore-classification environmental-entomology-journal cotton-IPM-program-integration emergent-pest-status ecology-economics-interface established-program-adaptation new-host-parasite-record Mermithidae nematode-parasite Southwestern-Entomologist-journal parasite-taxonomy host-range-extension NCBI-taxonomy-verification Metazoa-kingdom true-bugs-group GBIF-distribution-mapping present-status exact-match-confirmation accepted-taxonomic-status canonical-name-verification Wikipedia-summary-verification iNaturalist-taxonomy-integration multisource-validation taxonomic-consistency authoritative-source-alignment scientific-name-construction parenthetical-author-format year-of-description 1832 Say-description Vollenhoven-subspecies-description 1868 euschistoides-subspecies servus-subspecies-nominate-form subspecies-taxonomy infraspecific-variation geographic-subspecies morphological-subspecies Journal-of-Integrated-Pest-Management-publication open-access-guide Midwestern-grower-resource producer-accessibility agricultural-professional-resource Robert-Koch-leadership University-of-Minnesota-extension Cassandra-Kurtz-imagery Christopher-Philips-imagery Daniela-Pezzini-modification species-profile-compilation differentiation-guidance life-cycle-summary behavior-summary monitoring-guidance management-guidance emerging-threat-characterization historical-southern-prevalence northern-range-expansion climate-adaptation production-system-vulnerability 24-potential-species common-pest-subset green-stink-bug-profile brown-marmorated-stink-bug-profile redshouldered-stink-bug-profile brown-stink-bug-profile onespotted-stink-bug-profile soybean-damage-mechanism pod-feeding-preference 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personal-research-infrastructure dedication-exemplar career-transition retirement-activity recall-appointment Agricultural-Experiment-Station associate-researcher UC-Davis-Department-of-Entomology-and-Nematology Frank-Zalom-lab integrated-pest-management-specialization Zalom-tribute Leal-tribute distinguished-professor distinguished-professor-emeritus recall-status chemical-ecology-pioneer semiochemistry-pioneer true-bug-behavior lacewing-behavior natural-enemy-behavior insect-dissection-skill teaching-generosity Japan-research-experience laboratory-visiting-scholar pheromone-isolation-work humor-in-science inside-joke-culture personality-in-science outgoing-scientist unpretentious-scientist cultural-immersion fieldwork-passion weekend-research daughter-collaboration driving-lesson-anecdote field-collecting-fashion adolescent-embarrassment bug-collecting-at-sports-events home-insect-rearing egg-shipping collaborator-support global-research-network June-28-2025-death 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Juriniopsis aurifrons
Juriniopsis aurifrons is a species of bristle fly in the family Tachinidae, first described by Brooks in 1949. The species is known from the southwestern United States and Mexico. Like other tachinid flies, it is likely a parasitoid, though specific host records remain undocumented. Adults have been observed visiting flowers, particularly those of rubber rabbitbrush (Ericameria nauseosa).
tachinidae diptera parasitoid southwestern-united-states mexico flower-visitor ericameria-nauseosa montane late-season
Lochmaeus
Lochmaeus is a genus of moths in the family Notodontidae, first described by Edward Doubleday in 1841. The genus contains at least two species, including L. manteo and L. bilineata. Larvae are late-season defoliators of hardwood trees, with outbreaks occasionally producing conspicuous damage and abundant frass. Despite visible defoliation, impacts to tree health are generally minor.
Notodontidae defoliator late-season hardwood forest-pest
Lochmaeus manteo
Variable Oakleaf Caterpillar Moth
Lochmaeus manteo is a moth in the family Notodontidae, commonly known as the variable oakleaf caterpillar moth. It occurs in eastern North America, where adults are active from April through October. The species is a late-season defoliator of deciduous trees, with larvae feeding primarily on Quercus (oak) species. While larval feeding can cause noticeable canopy damage and produce abundant frass, single defoliation events rarely cause significant long-term harm to tree health.
Notodontidae defoliator oak late-season forest-pest parasitoid-host
Papaipema furcata
Ash Shoot Borer Moth, ash tip borer
Papaipema furcata is a noctuid moth whose larvae bore into the twigs of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) and box elder (Acer negundo). Adults are active from late summer through autumn, with a wingspan of 33–49 mm. The species ranges across eastern and central North America from Quebec to Georgia and west to Louisiana and Manitoba.
moth noctuidae stem-borer ash fraxinus acer north-america late-season
Paradejeania
Spiny Tachinid Fly, Hedgehog Fly
Paradejeania is a genus of tachinid flies comprising four described species. The genus is characterized by an exceptionally spiny abdomen, earning species like P. rutilioides the common name "Hedgehog Fly." These are large, robust flies that visit flowers for nectar and function as parasitoids of caterpillars. The genus occurs in western North America, with adults active primarily in late summer and fall.
spiny-abdomen parasitoid flower-visitor biological-control western-North-America late-season
Paradejeania rutilioides rutilioides
Spiny Tachinid Fly, Hedgehog Fly
Paradejeania rutilioides rutilioides is a large tachinid fly, the nominate subspecies of the Spiny Tachinid Fly. It is distinguished by its robust build, heavily spined abdomen, and subdued orange coloration. Adults are active in late summer and fall, frequently observed visiting flowers. The species is a known parasitoid of caterpillars, specifically documented from Edwards' Glassy-wing moth (Hemihyalea edwardsii).
tachinid parasitoid biological-control flower-visitor late-season spiny-abdomen
Phoetaliotes nebrascensis
large-headed grasshopper, largeheaded grasshopper, red-nosed grasshopper, big head, large-headed locust
Phoetaliotes nebrascensis is a medium-sized, slim spur-throated grasshopper distinguished by its disproportionately large head relative to body size. It is a dominant species in North American tallgrass prairie and common in lush patches of mixedgrass prairie. The species exhibits wing dimorphism: most adults have short, non-functional wings, while a small percentage possess long wings enabling flight. It feeds almost exclusively on grasses, an unusual trait among spur-throated grasshoppers.
grasshopper Melanoplinae prairie tallgrass wing-dimorphism phytophilous grass-specialist late-season pest North-America Acrididae Orthoptera
Psychoglypha
Snow Sedges
Psychoglypha is a genus of northern caddisflies in the family Limnephilidae, commonly known as Snow Sedges. The genus contains approximately 14 described species, with most species being cold-adapted and exhibiting late-season activity patterns. The majority of species are distributed in northern and western North America, including Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho, and western Canada.
caddisfly Trichoptera Limnephilidae northern western cold-adapted late-season
Sympetrum corruptum
Variegated Meadowhawk
Sympetrum corruptum, commonly known as the Variegated Meadowhawk, is a migratory dragonfly native to North America. It is one of five species tracked by the Migratory Dragonfly Partnership due to its seasonal north-south movements. Adults are notable for their distinctive red-marked coloration and persistence late into autumn, often being the last active dragonflies in many areas. The species is abundant in diverse habitats including wetlands, grasslands, and even agricultural areas like lavender fields.
migratory autumn meadowhawk Libellulidae Odonata citizen-science wetland predator late-season North-America
Sympetrum danae
Black Darter, Black Meadowhawk
Sympetrum danae is a small dragonfly with a northern Holarctic distribution, found in northern Europe, Asia, and North America. It is Britain's smallest resident dragonfly at 29–34 mm long. The species is strongly associated with acidic bog habitats and is active from mid-June to mid-November, with peak activity in late summer. Mature males are entirely black, making this the only Sympetrum species lacking red coloration in males.
dragonfly bog-specialist Holarctic late-season acidic-water peatland moorland heathland
Sympistis chionanthi
Fringe-tree Sallow, Grey O Moth
Sympistis chionanthi is a noctuid moth with a wingspan of 33–38 mm. Adults are active from August to October in a single annual generation. The species is associated with deciduous woodlands across eastern and central North America.
noctuidae noctuinae north-america univoltine oleaceae-feeder woodland late-season
Tenthredo xantha
Tenthredo xantha is a sawfly species in the family Tenthredinidae. Like other members of the genus Tenthredo, adults lack the narrow waist characteristic of many wasps and possess a broad connection between thorax and abdomen. The species is known from northern Canada, with records from Yukon, Northwest Territories, British Columbia, and Alberta. Adults are active in late summer and early autumn.
sawfly Symphyta northern-Canada late-season flower-visitor mimicry
Tipula ultima
crane fly
Tipula ultima is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae. It was originally described as Tipula flavescens by Fabricius in 1805, but that name was preoccupied. Charles Howard Alexander proposed the replacement name ultima in 1915. The specific epithet refers to its late-season flight period; this species flies later in the year than most other crane flies. It is found across much of Canada and the United States.
crane-fly late-season autumn Nearctic nomenclatural-replacement