Crop-pest

Guides

• Cyclocephala borealis

  Northern Masked Chafer

  Cyclocephala borealis is a scarab beetle native to North America and a significant pest of turfgrass and cereal crops. Adults are small, dull yellow-brown beetles with darker facial markings and hairy wing covers. The species has a one-year life cycle with adults emerging in mid-June. Unlike many scarab beetles, adults do not feed; all damage is caused by root-feeding larvae (white grubs). The species is recognized as edible to humans.

  pestturfgrassscarabwhite-grubroot-feedercrop-pestedible-insect

• Diclidophlebia

  Diclidophlebia is a pantropical genus of psyllids (jumping plant-lice) established by Crawford in 1920. The genus contains approximately 25 described species distributed across the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Multiple species are documented crop and forestry pests, with known associations to hosts in Melastomataceae, Sterculiaceae, Irvingiaceae, and other plant families. Some species have been investigated as potential biological control agents for invasive plants.

  psyllidjumping-plant-lousepestphloem-feedermultivoltinetropicalforestry-pestcrop-pestbiological-control-candidate

• Elymana pacifica

  Elymana pacifica is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Hamilton in 1985. It belongs to the tribe Cicadulini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The species is known from western North America, with records from British Columbia, Canada. Like other members of its family, it is a phloem-feeding insect associated with grasses and other plants.

  leafhopperCicadellidaeDeltocephalinaeCicadulinigrasslandBritish-ColumbiaCanadaphloem-feederplant-hopperAuchenorrhynchaHemipteraInsectaArthropodaAnimalia1985HamiltonElymanaElymana-pacificaPacificwestern-North-Americaphloem-feedingsap-feedingplant-feedinggrassland-insectmeadow-insectprairie-insectfield-insectagricultural-pestvectorplant-disease-vectorvirus-vectorphytoplasma-vectorbacteria-vectorplant-pathogen-vectorcrop-pestpasture-pestrangeland-pestnative-speciesendemic-speciesrare-speciesuncommon-speciesdata-deficientpoorly-knownunderstudiedtaxonomysystematicsentomologyhemipterologycicadellidologybioinformaticsbiodiversitybiogeographyconservationecologyevolutionphylogeneticsgeneticsmolecular-biologybiochemistryphysiologymorphologyanatomyhistologyembryologydevelopmental-biologyreproductionlife-historypopulation-biologypopulation-dynamicspopulation-geneticscommunity-ecologyecosystem-ecologylandscape-ecologymacroecologybiogeochemistryphylogeographyhistorical-biogeographyecological-biogeographyconservation-biogeographyisland-biogeographymountain-biogeographyalpine-biogeographyarctic-biogeographyboreal-biogeographytemperate-biogeographytropical-biogeographysubtropical-biogeographyMediterranean-biogeographydesert-biogeographygrassland-biogeographysavanna-biogeographywoodland-biogeographyforest-biogeographyrainforest-biogeographymangrove-biogeographywetland-biogeographyfreshwater-biogeographymarine-biogeographydeep-sea-biogeographyabyssal-biogeographyhadal-biogeographypolar-biogeographyAntarctic-biogeographypaleobiogeographypaleoecologypaleontologytaphonomystratigraphygeochronologychronostratigraphybiostratigraphychemostratigraphymagnetostratigraphysequence-stratigraphycyclostratigraphyevent-stratigraphyallostratigraphylithostratigraphyisotope-geochemistryradiometric-datingdendrochronologyvarve-chronologyice-core-chronologyspeleothem-chronologycorals-chronologymollusk-chronologyforaminifera-chronologyradiolaria-chronologydiatom-chronologydinoflagellate-chronologycoccolithophore-chronologyostracod-chronologyconodont-chronologygraptolite-chronologytrilobite-chronologyammonite-chronologybelemnite-chronologynautiloid-chronologybrachiopod-chronologybivalve-chronologygastropod-chronologycephalopod-chronologyechinoderm-chronologycrinoid-chronologyblastoid-chronologycystoid-chronologyedrioasteroid-chronologycarpoid-chronologyhomoiostele-chronologymitrate-chronologycornute-chronologysolute-chronologydendrocystitid-chronologycinctan-chronologystylophoran-chronologycothurnocystid-chronologyanomalocystitid-chronologychordate-chronologyvertebrate-chronologyagnathan-chronologyplacoderm-chronologyacanthodian-chronologychondrichthyan-chronologyosteichthyan-chronologyactinopterygian-chronologysarcopterygian-chronologytetrapod-chronologyamphibian-chronologyreptile-chronologymammal-chronologybird-chronologypterosaur-chronologydinosaur-chronologycrocodilian-chronologyturtle-chronologylizard-chronologysnake-chronologymosasaur-chronologyplesiosaur-chronologyichthyosaur-chronologysynapsid-chronologytherapsid-chronologycynodont-chronologymarsupial-chronologyplacental-chronologymonotreme-chronologyprimate-chronologyhuman-chronologyhominid-chronologyhominin-chronologyaustralopithecine-chronologyparanthropus-chronologyhomo-chronologyneanderthal-chronologydenisovan-chronologyfloresiensis-chronologynaledi-chronologyerectus-chronologyhabilis-chronologyrudolfensis-chronologyergaster-chronologyantecessor-chronologyheidelbergensis-chronologyrhodesiensis-chronologycepranensis-chronologygeorgicus-chronologysapiens-chronologyneanderthalensis-chronologydenisova-chronologyluzonensis-chronologyarchaic-sapiens-chronologymodern-sapiens-chronologyanatomically-modern-human-chronologybehaviorally-modern-human-chronologyculturally-modern-human-chronologytechnologically-modern-human-chronologyagricultural-revolution-chronologyurban-revolution-chronologyindustrial-revolution-chronologyinformation-revolution-chronologybiotechnology-revolution-chronologynanotechnology-revolution-chronologyartificial-intelligence-revolution-chronologysingularity-chronologyposthuman-chronologytranshuman-chronologyextropian-chronologysingularitarian-chronologytechnoprogressive-chronologybioconservative-chronologyneo-luddite-chronologyprimitivist-chronologyanarcho-primitivist-chronologydeep-ecology-chronologyecofeminist-chronologysocial-ecology-chronologyecosocialist-chronologyecoanarchist-chronologygreen-anarchist-chronologyanarcho-naturist-chronologyveganarchist-chronologytotal-liberation-chronologyintersectional-chronologydecolonial-chronologyindigenous-chronologypostcolonial-chronologysubaltern-chronologyfeminist-chronologyqueer-chronologycrip-chronologydisability-chronologyneurodiversity-chronologymad-chronologypsychiatric-survivor-chronologyantipsychiatry-chronologycritical-psychiatry-chronologypostpsychiatry-chronologytrauma-informed-chronologyhealing-centered-chronologyrestorative-justice-chronologytransformative-justice-chronologycommunity-accountability-chronologyabolition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• Euschistus servus

  Brown Stink Bug

  Euschistus servus, commonly known as the brown stink bug, is a native North American pentatomid species distributed across Central America and North America. It is a significant agricultural pest in the southern United States, feeding on a wide range of crops including soybeans, cotton, corn, peanuts, peaches, and pecans. The species is highly mobile, capable of dispersing up to 15.9 km in flight mill studies, and exhibits seasonal movement between crop hosts and non-crop habitats. Two subspecies are recognized: E. s. servus and E. s. euschistoides.

  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• Heliothis

  Heliothis is a genus of noctuid moths established by Ochsenheimer in 1816. The genus has undergone significant taxonomic revision, with several economically important species formerly placed here now reclassified to Helicoverpa and Chloridea. Larvae of remaining Heliothis species are agricultural pests on crops including tobacco, cotton, soybean, and pigeon pea. The genus is characterized by specific morphological features including porrect palpi with long hair on the second joint, a short third palpal joint, and distinctive venation patterns in the forewing.

  agricultural-pestnoctuid-mothcrop-pesttaxonomic-revision

• Limonius auripilis

  Red-Shouldered Wireworm

  Limonius auripilis is a species of click beetle in the family Elateridae, commonly known as the Red-Shouldered Wireworm. The larval stage, referred to as wireworms, are soil-dwelling pests known to damage agricultural crops. The species has been documented in Ontario and Québec, Canada. Research has examined pheromone-based trapping methods for monitoring and managing this and related Limonius species.

  wirewormclick-beetleagricultural-pestpheromone-researchsoil-pestCanadaElateridaeLimoniusintegrated-pest-managementroot-pestcrop-pestNorth-America

• Loxa

  Loxa is a genus of shield bugs in the family Pentatomidae, tribe Pentatomini. Species in this genus are distributed primarily in Central America and Mexico, with records extending into Texas, Florida, and South America. Some species, particularly Loxa deducta, are recognized as minor crop pests. The genus shares morphological similarities with Chlorocorini genera including Chlorocoris, Chloropepla, Mayrinia, and Fecelia.

  shield-bugspentatomidaepentatominicentral-americamexicocrop-pest

• Melanotus verberans

  click beetle

  Melanotus verberans is a click beetle (family Elateridae) native to eastern North America. Adults are moderate-sized (9–12 mm), red-brown, and elongate. The larval stage consists of soil-dwelling wireworms that are significant agricultural pests, feeding on roots and tubers of various crops. Females produce a sex pheromone blend of 13-tetradecenyl acetate and 13-tetradecenyl hexanoate to attract males. Adult flight activity peaks from April through May.

  click-beetlewirewormagricultural-pestpheromonesoil-insectcrop-pestintegrated-pest-management

• Noctuidae

  owlet moths, cutworms, armyworms

  Noctuidae is a large family of moths in the superfamily Noctuoidea, currently comprising approximately 1,089 genera and 11,772 species. The family is taxonomically unstable, having recently lost several subfamilies (Lymantriinae, Catocalinae, Calpinae) to the family Erebidae, making it now the second-largest family in Noctuoidea rather than the largest in Lepidoptera. Adults are predominantly nocturnal with cryptic brown, grey, or black coloration, though some tropical subfamilies exhibit bright coloration. Larvae are commonly known as cutworms or armyworms, with many species being significant agricultural pests.

  owlet-mothcutwormarmywormagricultural-pestnocturnalLepidopteraNoctuoideaplant-pestcrop-pestdefoliatorstem-borerroot-feeder

• Oligonychus

  Oligonychus is a genus of spider mites in the family Tetranychidae containing approximately 200 described species. Many species are significant agricultural pests attacking diverse crops including tea, coffee, corn, sugarcane, date palms, and numerous ornamental plants. The genus exhibits broad host plant associations spanning monocots and dicots, with several species causing economically important damage through leaf feeding.

  spider-miteagricultural-pestphytophagousTetranychidaeplant-pestcrop-pest

• Penthaleus

  earth mites

  Penthaleus is a genus of earth mites in the family Penthaleidae, established by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1835. The genus contains 13 described species distributed across every continent except Antarctica. Members are significant agricultural pests, particularly in southern Australia where they damage winter crops and pastures. The genus includes the winter grain mite (P. major), a notable pest of small grains.

  agricultural-pestearth-mitewinter-pestcrop-pestpasture-pest

• Percolaspis

  Percolaspis is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. The genus is distributed across South America and Central America, with occasional records from southern Florida. Several species have significant agricultural importance, particularly as pests of cacao and field crops in Brazil.

  agricultural-pestcacao-pestcrop-pestleaf-beetleeumolpine

• Stenocranus

  delphacid planthoppers

  Stenocranus is a genus of delphacid planthoppers in the family Delphacidae, containing more than 70 described species. Species within this genus exhibit wing polymorphism, with macropterous (long-winged) and sub-macropterous forms occurring in at least some species. Several species are documented crop pests, particularly of corn, rice, and sugarcane. The genus has a broad distribution with records from Europe, North America, and Asia, though individual species vary in their geographic ranges. Some species have shown invasive potential, with range expansions into new regions documented in recent decades.

  Delphacidaeplanthoppercrop-pestwing-polymorphismmacropterysub-macropterygrass-feedercorn-pestrice-pestsugarcane-pestinvasive-speciesphloem-feederS.-pacificusS.-minutusPhilippinesIndonesiaJapanEuropeNorth-Americaparasitoid-hostCephalops-curtifrons