Rangeland-pest
Guides
Ageneotettix
slant-faced grasshoppers
Ageneotettix is a genus of slant-faced grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, established by McNeill in 1897. The genus contains at least three described species: A. brevipennis, A. deorum, and A. salutator. Species in this genus are characteristic inhabitants of western North American grasslands, where they serve as important components of grasshopper assemblages. Ageneotettix deorum, the white-whiskered grasshopper, is particularly notable for its widespread distribution and frequent dominance in mixedgrass prairie communities, where it has been recorded contributing over 50% of total grasshopper population density in some locations.
Ageneotettix deorum
white-whiskered grasshopper, white whiskers grasshopper, sand grasshopper
Ageneotettix deorum is a medium-sized slant-faced grasshopper widely distributed across North American grasslands. It is frequently the dominant species in mixedgrass and bunchgrass prairie outbreaks, reaching densities of 25 adults per square yard. The species exhibits early-season hatching with nymphal development spanning 40–48 days. Adults are ground-dwelling, diurnal herbivores that feed on grasses and ground litter. Population dynamics show sensitivity to weather and predation, with outbreaks typically building over 3–5 years followed by sudden crashes.
Amphitornus
slant-faced grasshoppers
Amphitornus is a genus of slant-faced grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, subfamily Gomphocerinae, tribe Eritettigini. The genus contains at least two described species: Amphitornus coloradus (striped slant-face grasshopper) and Amphitornus durangus. Members of this genus are recognized as economically significant rangeland pests in the western United States, particularly in Wyoming and Colorado. Amphitornus coloradus is specifically noted as one of six major pest species in southeastern Wyoming and is characterized by early-season hatching in mid-spring.
Aulocara
slant-faced grasshoppers
Aulocara is a genus of slant-faced grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, comprising at least three described species distributed across western North America. The genus includes economically significant rangeland pests, notably Aulocara elliotti (big-headed grasshopper), which can reach outbreak densities and cause substantial damage to grass forage. Species in this genus inhabit diverse grassland ecosystems from southern Canada to central Mexico.
Boopedon
boopies, ebony grasshopper (B. nubilum), yellow-belly boopie (B. flaviventris), prairie boopie (B. gracile), short-winged boopie (B. auriventris)
Boopedon is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, commonly known as boopies. The genus contains at least eight described species distributed across western North American grasslands. Species in this genus are notable for pronounced sexual dimorphism, with males typically winged and darkly colored while females are often larger, flightless, and paler. Several species, particularly B. nubilum (the ebony grasshopper), are significant rangeland pests capable of reaching outbreak densities.
Camnula
clearwinged grasshopper
Camnula is a genus of band-winged grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, established by Stål in 1873. The genus contains a single species, Camnula pellucida (Scudder, 1862), commonly known as the clearwinged grasshopper. This species is a significant agricultural and rangeland pest across much of North America. The genus is classified within the subfamily Oedipodinae and tribe Hippiscini.
Cordillacris
Cordillacris is a genus of slant-faced grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, established by Rehn in 1901. The genus contains two described species: Cordillacris crenulata (crenulated grasshopper) and Cordillacris occipitalis (spot-winged grasshopper). Both species are small, slender grasshoppers of western North American grasslands. The genus is characterized by distinctive wing patterns and coloration that distinguish it from related genera.
Cordillacris crenulata
Crenulated Grasshopper, Crenulatewinged Grasshopper
Cordillacris crenulata is a small, slender slant-faced grasshopper native to western North American grasslands. It is distinguished by the diagnostic crenulate (scalloped) brown stripe on each tegmen. The species is a specialist feeder on blue grama grass and reaches greatest abundance in shortgrass and desert prairies. Though occasionally present in outbreak populations, its small size and typically low densities limit its economic impact.
Elymana pacifica
Elymana pacifica is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Hamilton in 1985. It belongs to the tribe Cicadulini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The species is known from western North America, with records from British Columbia, Canada. Like other members of its family, it is a phloem-feeding insect associated with grasses and other plants.
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megacephala
Big-headed grasshopper
Eupnigodes megacephala is a medium-sized grasshopper widely distributed across western North America. Formerly classified as Aulocara elliotti, this species is notable for its disproportionately large, rounded head and bright blue hind tibiae. It inhabits shortgrass prairies, desert grasslands, and occasionally montane areas up to 8,500 feet elevation. The species is economically significant as a rangeland pest, capable of reaching outbreak densities that severely reduce forage for livestock and promote soil erosion.
Oedomerus corallipes
Redshanked Grasshopper
Oedomerus corallipes is a large grasshopper species found in western North America. It was formerly classified under the genus Xanthippus but has been reclassified to Oedomerus based on modern taxonomic revisions. The species exhibits geographic variation in its life cycle, with northern populations requiring two years to develop while southern populations complete their cycle in one year. Adults are present in spring and are known for their conspicuous flight displays accompanied by loud crepitation.
Opeia obscura
obscure grasshopper
Opeia obscura, commonly known as the obscure grasshopper, is a slant-faced grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is widely distributed across the grasslands of North America and into Central America. The species is a specialist feeder on blue grama grass (Bouteloua gracilis) and is considered a late-hatching grasshopper, with eggs typically hatching in June. While it can contribute to rangeland damage during grasshopper outbreaks, populations rarely reach outbreak densities independently.
Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum
Four-spotted Grasshopper, Four-spotted tree cricket, P-quad grasshopper
Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum, commonly known as the four-spotted grasshopper, is a North American grasshopper species in the subfamily Gomphocerinae. It inhabits grassland habitats in the western United States and adjacent Mexico. The species has been documented in outbreak assemblages affecting rangeland forage, though it is typically subdominant in mixed-species populations. It is recognized by the four dark spots on its dorsal surface.
Trachyrhachys kiowa
Kiowa grasshopper, ash-brown grasshopper
Trachyrhachys kiowa is a medium-sized band-winged grasshopper inhabiting shortgrass and mixedgrass prairies of western North America. It feeds almost exclusively on grasses and sedges, particularly blue grama, and can become an economically damaging component of outbreak populations. The species is known for its dispersive behavior and intermediate hatching phenology, emerging two to three weeks after early-hatching species like the bigheaded grasshopper.
Xanthippus corallipes
Red-shanked Grasshopper, Redshanked Grasshopper, Red Shanks
Xanthippus corallipes, commonly known as the red-shanked grasshopper, is a large band-winged grasshopper native to western North America. Adults are conspicuous in spring, producing loud crepitation during flight and displaying yellow, dark-banded wings. The species exhibits geographic variation in life cycle duration, with northern populations requiring two years to develop and southern populations completing development in one year. Though typically occurring at low densities, occasional population outbreaks have caused significant damage to rangeland grasses and cultivated crops.
Xanthippus corallipes altivolus
Red shanks
Xanthippus corallipes altivolus is a subspecies of the redshanked grasshopper found from foothills to timberline in Colorado and western North America. Adults are medium to large, tan-colored grasshoppers with distinctive red inner hind femora and orange hind tibiae. This subspecies is distinguished from other X. corallipes subspecies by its high-elevation habitat. Populations can cause significant damage to rangeland grasses during outbreak years.
Xanthippus corallipes corallipes
Redshanked Grasshopper, Red Shanks
A large rangeland grasshopper of western North America, adults are present in spring and are conspicuous due to loud crepitation during evasive flight. The subspecies exhibits strong flight capability and feeds almost exclusively on grasses and sedges. Populations normally remain at low densities but occasionally erupt into outbreaks that damage rangeland and crops. Northern populations have a two-year life cycle while southern populations complete development in one year.
Xanthippus corallipes leprosus
Redshanked Grasshopper
Xanthippus corallipes leprosus is a subspecies of the redshanked grasshopper, a large rangeland species native to western North America. Adults are conspicuous in spring, producing loud crepitation during evasive flight and displaying yellow, dark-banded wings. The subspecies exhibits geographic variation in life cycle duration, with northern populations completing development in two years and southern populations in one year. Adults feed almost exclusively on grasses and sedges, and while typically present at low densities, populations occasionally erupt to damaging levels.
Xanthippus corallipes pantherinus
Red shanks
Xanthippus corallipes pantherinus is a subspecies of band-winged grasshopper found in the Great Plains of southern Colorado. Adults are medium to large in size with distinctive red inner faces of the hind femora, giving rise to the common name "red shanks." The subspecies is common and can be destructive to grassland vegetation, particularly western wheatgrass. It produces loud flight and deposits eggs in calcareous soils on hilltops and ridges.