Surface-dweller
Guides
Dineutus discolor
large whirligig beetle
Dineutus discolor is a species of whirligig beetle in the family Gyrinidae, commonly known as the large whirligig beetle. Adults are active on the water surface, where they form conspicuous aggregations called 'rafts.' These social groups provide antipredator benefits through cooperative vigilance and collective detection of threats. The species is among the larger members of its genus, reaching approximately 12 mm in length.
Dineutus nigrior
whirligig beetle
A species of whirligig beetle in the family Gyrinidae, found across North America. Adults are surface-dwelling aquatic beetles known for their distinctive circular swimming patterns and social aggregations on water. Males possess enlarged protarsal pads used during mating attempts, and accessory glands that show positive allometry associated with increased mating success. The species serves as host to water mites, with parasitism levels linked to host body condition and sex.
Gyrinus parcus
Gyrinus parcus is a species of whirligig beetle in the family Gyrinidae. It has a broad geographic distribution spanning Central America, North America, and South America. The species was described by Thomas Say in 1834 and includes six recognized subspecies. Whirligig beetles in the genus Gyrinus are small, surface-dwelling aquatic beetles known for their rapid, erratic swimming behavior and tendency to form aggregations on still or slow-moving water.
Microvelia
small water striders, riffle bugs
Microvelia is a large genus of small semiaquatic bugs comprising at least 230 described species distributed worldwide. These insects inhabit nearshore areas of stagnant or slow-flowing freshwater, where they move on the water surface using surface tension. The genus exhibits wing dimorphism, with populations containing both fully winged (macropterous) and short-winged (brachypterous) individuals. Several subgenera have been recognized including Austromicrovelia, Barbivelia, Pacificovelia, and Picaultia, based on phylogenetic and morphological analyses.
Neogerris
Neogerris is a genus of water striders in the family Gerridae, established by Matsumura in 1913. The genus comprises approximately 13 described species distributed primarily in the Americas. These insects are adapted to life on the water surface, using their elongated middle and hind legs to skate across ponds, streams, and other freshwater habitats.
Podura aquatica
water springtail
Podura aquatica, commonly known as the water springtail, is one of only four described species in the family Poduridae. It is exclusively aquatic, living its entire life on the surface of still water bodies where it scavenges. The species exhibits specialized sensory adaptations for locating water surfaces through polarized light detection. Adults possess a large, flattened furcula that enables jumping without breaking water surface tension. The species has a Holarctic distribution and is considered abundant across its range.
Rhagovelia distincta
smaller water strider
Rhagovelia distincta is a species of smaller water strider in the family Veliidae. It inhabits freshwater surface habitats across Central America and North America. As a member of the genus Rhagovelia, it belongs to a group of semi-aquatic true bugs adapted for life on the water surface.
Rhagovelia plumbea
Rhagovelia plumbea is a species of small water strider in the family Veliidae, first described by Uhler in 1894. It is one of the most widespread members of its genus, occurring across the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America. The species inhabits freshwater surface habitats where it uses the water surface tension to move.
Rhagovelia rivale
smaller water strider
Rhagovelia rivale is a species of water strider in the family Veliidae, first described by Torre-Bueno in 1924. It belongs to the genus Rhagovelia, a group of smaller water striders characterized by their ability to skate on water surfaces using modified legs. The species is documented from North America, though specific details about its ecology and distribution within that range remain limited in available sources.
Rhagovelia torreyana
Rhagovelia torreyana is a species of small water strider in the family Veliidae, described by Bacon in 1956. It belongs to the genus Rhagovelia, a diverse group of semiaquatic bugs commonly found in running water habitats. The species is known from North America, though detailed biological information remains limited in available sources. Like other members of the family Veliidae, it is adapted to life on the water surface, using surface tension to move and forage.
Tortopus
Tortopus is a genus of burrowing mayflies in the family Polymitarcyidae, restricted to six species based on cladistic revision: T. igaranus, T. circumfluus, T. harrisi, T. zottai, T. bellus, and T. arenales. The genus is characterized by distinctive morphological synapomorphies including female parastyli receptors with long anterior furrows, entirely flattened penes, and nymphs bearing two subapical tubercles on mandibular tusks. Nymphs construct U-shaped tunnels in clay banks, a behavior that renders them difficult to sample with standard aquatic survey methods.
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pictus
Trepobates pictus is a species of water strider in the family Gerridae, first described by Herrich-Schaeffer in 1847. It is distributed across eastern North America from Texas to Florida, extending northward to Illinois, Maine, and Ontario, as well as the Caribbean and South America. The species inhabits freshwater surface habitats where it utilizes the water surface tension to move and forage.