Central-america
Guides
Stylurus plagiatus
Russet-tipped Clubtail
Stylurus plagiatus, commonly known as the russet-tipped clubtail, is a species of dragonfly in the family Gomphidae. It is distributed across Central America and North America. The species has been assessed by the IUCN as Least Concern (LC) with a stable population, most recently reviewed in 2017.
Sufetula
Sufetula is a pantropical genus of moths in the family Crambidae (subfamily Lathrotelinae), established by Walker in 1859. The genus contains at least 32 described species, including several that are economically significant pests of cultivated plants. Sufetula anania is a destructive root borer of pineapple (Ananas comosus) in Central America, causing damage that can destroy the root system. Sufetula culshawi, described in 2024, is a previously unrecognized species associated with cultivated palms (Areca Palm, Chrysalidocarpus lutescens), spread through horticultural trade. Larvae of at least some species are root-feeders that create tunnels within plant tissues.
Sumitrosis inaequalis
Sumitrosis inaequalis is a small leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, subfamily Cassidinae. Adults measure 3.4–4.2 mm and exhibit highly variable coloration, ranging from pale yellow with faint markings to predominantly black with yellow spots. The species is distributed across Central America and much of North America, with records from Canada and the United States. It is a leaf miner, feeding internally on host plant foliage.
Sumitrosis pallescens
Sumitrosis pallescens is a small leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, measuring 3.1-3.5 mm as adults. The species is characterized by pale yellow coloration on the pronotum and elytra, with dark spots near the wing tips. It is known to feed on Chamaecrista species and has a broad distribution across the southeastern United States, Mexico, and Central America.
Suphisellus lineatus
Suphisellus lineatus is a burrowing water beetle in the subfamily Noterinae, described by George Henry Horn in 1871. The species occupies freshwater habitats across parts of Central and North America, with documented occurrences in Belize, Guatemala, Mexico, and the United States. Like other members of the genus Suphisellus, it is adapted to burrowing in muddy or sandy substrates of aquatic environments.
Susuacanga stigmatica
Speckle-necked Longhorn Beetle
Susuacanga stigmatica is a longhorn beetle species in the family Cerambycidae, first described by Chevrolat in 1835. The species belongs to the tribe Eburiini and is known from records in Guatemala, Mexico, and the United States. It is commonly referred to as the Speckle-necked Longhorn Beetle. The genus Susuacanga includes multiple species distributed in the Americas.
Svastra duplocincta
long-horned bee
Svastra duplocincta is a species of long-horned bee in the family Apidae. It occurs in Central America and North America. As a member of the tribe Eucerini, it belongs to a group of solitary bees characterized by elongated antennae, particularly in males. The species was originally described as Melissodes duplocincta by Cockerell in 1905.
Svastra machaerantherae
Svastra machaerantherae is a species of long-horned bee in the family Apidae. It is native to Central and North America. The species belongs to the tribe Eucerini, a group of solitary bees commonly known as long-horned bees due to the elongated antennae of males.
Svastra texana
Texas long-horned bee
Svastra texana is a species of long-horned bee in the family Apidae. It is native to Central America and North America. The species was first described by Ezra Townsend Cresson in 1872 under the name Melissodes texana. Two subspecies are recognized: Svastra texana texana and Svastra texana eluta.
Syphrea flavicollis
Syphrea flavicollis is a species of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is known from Central America and North America. The specific epithet 'flavicollis' refers to a yellow-colored collar or neck region. As a member of the flea beetle group, it likely possesses enlarged hind femora adapted for jumping, though detailed morphological descriptions are limited in available sources.
Syrbula montezuma
Montezuma's Grasshopper, slant-faced grasshopper
Syrbula montezuma is a species of slant-faced grasshopper in the family Acrididae, subfamily Gomphocerinae. It is distributed across Central America and North America, including the southwestern United States and Mexico. The species is characterized by its slanted facial profile typical of the subfamily. It has been recorded in regions including Arizona and multiple ecological zones in Mexico.
Systasea pulverulenta
Texas Powdered Skipper
Systasea pulverulenta, commonly known as the Texas Powdered Skipper, is a small butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It ranges from southern and western Texas through Mexico to Guatemala. Adults are active year-round in southern Texas, with flight recorded from February through December. The species is associated with Malvaceae host plants for larval development.
Systelloderes biceps
gnat bug
Systelloderes biceps is a species of gnat bug in the family Enicocephalidae, a group of small, predatory true bugs. The species is found across Central America and North America. Members of this family are generally poorly studied, and specific biological details for S. biceps remain limited in the scientific literature.
Tachys proximus
Tachys proximus is a small ground beetle in the family Carabidae. The genus Tachys contains numerous diminutive species often referred to as 'tiger beetles' or 'ant-like beetles' due to their small size and rapid movements. T. proximus occurs across North America and into Central America. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with moist microhabitats where it actively hunts small invertebrate prey.
Tachys pumilus
Tachys pumilus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is distributed across North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. The genus Tachys contains numerous small, fast-running ground beetle species, though specific biological details for T. pumilus remain poorly documented in published literature.
Tachytes guatemalensis
Guatemalan green-eyed wasp
Tachytes guatemalensis is a solitary wasp in the family Crabronidae, tribe Larrini. It belongs to a genus commonly known as 'green-eyed wasps' due to the large, vivid green compound eyes present in many species, especially males. As with other Tachytes, this species is a ground-nesting predator that provisions its burrows with paralyzed orthopteran prey. The species was described from Guatemala and occurs in Central and North America.
Taedia marmorata
Taedia marmorata is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, first described by Uhler in 1894. It is distributed across parts of Central America and North America, with records from Mexico (including Baja California) and the southwestern United States (Arizona, California, New Mexico). As a member of the Miridae, it possesses the characteristic piercing-sucking mouthparts typical of true bugs. The specific epithet "marmorata" refers to a marbled or mottled appearance.
Taeniopoda
horse lubbers
Taeniopoda is a genus of large, flightless grasshoppers commonly known as horse lubbers, native to the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America. The genus contains approximately 12 described species, characterized by bold aposematic coloration that serves as warning signals to predators. Taeniopoda is closely related to Romalea, with which it can produce fertile hybrids in captivity; some authorities consider Taeniopoda a junior synonym of Romalea. Species in this genus exhibit striking defensive behaviors including hissing, secretion of foul-smelling froth, and vomiting.
Tauriphila azteca
Aztec Glider
Tauriphila azteca, commonly known as the Aztec Glider, is a species of skimmer dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. The species was first described by Calvert in 1906 and is distributed across Central America and North America. As a member of the genus Tauriphila, it belongs to a group of dragonflies commonly referred to as gliders.
Telebasis digiticollis
marsh firetail
Telebasis digiticollis, commonly known as the marsh firetail, is a narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It was described by Calvert in 1902 and is endemic to Central America. The species holds a Least Concern conservation status from the IUCN, indicating stable populations with no immediate threats to survival.
Telegonus alardus
Frosted Flasher
Telegonus alardus, commonly known as the frosted flasher, is a dicot skipper butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. The species is broadly distributed across the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America. Three subspecies are recognized, with the nominate subspecies described by Stoll in 1790.
Teleonemia variegata
Teleonemia variegata is a species of lace bug in the family Tingidae, first described by Champion in 1898. The genus Teleonemia belongs to the true bugs (Hemiptera), a group characterized by their piercing-sucking mouthparts and often distinctive reticulated wing venation. Records indicate this species occurs in Central America, with documented presence in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, and potentially other regional localities. Like other tingids, it is likely associated with specific host plants, though detailed ecological information remains limited in available sources.
Tenaspis angularis
Tropic Traveler
Tenaspis angularis is a species of firefly in the beetle family Lampyridae, first described by Gorham in 1880. It occurs across Central America and North America. The species is known by the common name 'Tropic Traveler' and has been documented in 73 iNaturalist observations. As a member of the Lampyridae, it possesses the bioluminescent capabilities characteristic of fireflies, though specific details about its light-producing behavior remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Tenuirostritermes cinereus
Tenuirostritermes cinereus is a species of termite in the family Termitidae, subfamily Nasutitermitinae. It was first described by Buckley in 1862. The species is distributed across Central America and North America. As a member of the Nasutitermitinae, it belongs to a group commonly known as "nasute termites" characterized by specialized defensive secretions.
Teretriosoma paradoxum
Teretriosoma paradoxum is a small clown beetle in the family Histeridae, described by Lewis in 1888. It belongs to the tribe Teretriini, a group of minute histerids often associated with decaying organic matter and fungi. The species is documented from Central America, with records from Mexico. Like other members of its genus, it likely inhabits microhabitats in forested environments, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Tetragnatha caudata
tailed long-jawed orbweaver
Tetragnatha caudata is a species of long-jawed orb-weaving spider in the family Tetragnathidae. The species is characterized by its elongated body form and exceptionally long chelicerae, traits shared with other members of the genus Tetragnatha. It occurs across a broad geographic range in the Americas and Caribbean. Like other tetragnathids, it constructs orb webs in a horizontal or near-horizontal orientation.
Tetragnatha laboriosa
Silver Long-jawed Orbweaver
Tetragnatha laboriosa is a long-jawed orb-weaving spider in the family Tetragnathidae, commonly known as the silver long-jawed orbweaver. It occurs across North and Central America with records extending from Alaska to southern South America. The species passes through nine instars before reaching adulthood. Activity is predominantly crepuscular, with mating occurring at night.
Tettigidea lateralis
black-sided pygmy grasshopper, black-sided grouse locust, sedge grouse locust
Tettigidea lateralis is a species of pygmy grasshopper in the family Tetrigidae, commonly known as the black-sided pygmy grasshopper or sedge grouse locust. It is one of the most frequently observed pygmy grasshoppers in North America, with over 4,000 iNaturalist observations. The species is notable for its relatively large size among Tetrigidae, reaching approximately 15 mm in length, and for its distinctive bold white femoral markings that contrast with otherwise cryptic coloration. It occurs across a broad geographic range including North America, the Caribbean, and parts of Central America.
Thalpius nobilis
Thalpius nobilis is a ground beetle species described by Liebke in 1934. It belongs to the tribe Zuphiini within the subfamily Dryptinae of Carabidae. The species has been recorded from Costa Rica, Mexico, and the United States. Its taxonomic status has been subject to revision, with some sources treating it as a synonym of Pseudaptinus nobilis.
Thione championi
Thione championi is a beetle species in the family Monotomidae, first described by Sharp in 1899. The species belongs to a small family of beetles commonly known as root-eating beetles, though specific ecological details for this particular species remain poorly documented. It has been recorded across multiple regions including the Caribbean, Middle America, and North America, suggesting a broad geographic distribution in the Neotropical and Nearctic realms.
Thorybes drusius
drusius cloudywing
Thorybes drusius, known as the drusius cloudywing, is a dicot skipper in the family Hesperiidae. It is distributed across North America and Central America. The species is recognized by the MONA/Hodges number 3914.
Thyanta pallidovirens
Red-shouldered Stink Bug, Redshouldered Stink Bug
Thyanta pallidovirens, commonly known as the red-shouldered stink bug, is a phytophagous stink bug species in the family Pentatomidae native to North and Central America. It is recognized by a thin red band across the pronotum (the "shoulders"), which distinguishes it from similar green stink bugs. The species is an agricultural pest of legume crops including peas, lentils, and soybeans, feeding primarily on developing pods and seeds. Males use pheromones and vibrational signals to attract mates, with copulation lasting an average of 3.5 hours.
Tliltocatl
Red Rump Tarantula (for T. vagans)
Tliltocatl is a genus of large burrowing tarantulas in the family Theraphosidae, erected in 2020 when molecular phylogenetic studies demonstrated that the genus Brachypelma comprised two distinct clades. Species are found predominantly in Mexico and Central America. The genus name derives from Nahuatl words meaning 'black spider.' Unlike Brachypelma species, Tliltocatl lacks striking red leg markings, instead displaying more subdued coloration with long red or yellowish abdominal hairs. Several species are threatened by habitat destruction and collection for the pet trade, leading to CITES protection.
Tornos benjamini
Tornos benjamini is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It was described by Cassino and Swett in 1925. The species is found in Central America and North America, with distribution records confirming its presence in both regions. It is assigned MONA/Hodges number 6483.
Tortopus
Tortopus is a genus of burrowing mayflies in the family Polymitarcyidae, restricted to six species based on cladistic revision: T. igaranus, T. circumfluus, T. harrisi, T. zottai, T. bellus, and T. arenales. The genus is characterized by distinctive morphological synapomorphies including female parastyli receptors with long anterior furrows, entirely flattened penes, and nymphs bearing two subapical tubercles on mandibular tusks. Nymphs construct U-shaped tunnels in clay banks, a behavior that renders them difficult to sample with standard aquatic survey methods.
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lividus
skeletonizing leaf beetle, flea beetle
Triarius lividus is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It occurs in Central America and North America, with documented presence from Arizona to western Texas. The species is characterized by skeletonizing feeding damage on host plants. It is one of relatively few species in the genus Triarius.
Trichodes apivorus
checkered beetle
Trichodes apivorus is a species of checkered beetle in the family Cleridae, native to Central and North America. It has been documented visiting flowers, including those of Sabal palmetto (cabbage palm) and Dionaea muscipula (Venus flytrap). The species is known to have two subspecies: T. a. apivorus and T. a. borealis. Its colorful appearance and flower-visiting behavior make it a notable subject for entomological observation.
Trichopepla semivittata
Broken-lined Stink Bug
Trichopepla semivittata is a species of stink bug in the family Pentatomidae. It occurs in Central and North America, with records from the United States including Vermont. The species is commonly known as the Broken-lined Stink Bug. It is a true bug (Hemiptera) with the characteristic shield-shaped body typical of the family.
Triepeolus mexicanus
cuckoo bee
Triepeolus mexicanus is a cleptoparasitic (cuckoo) bee in the family Apidae, subfamily Nomadinae. It belongs to the simplex species group of the genus Triepeolus, characterized by females having a trapezoidal or triangular pseudopygidial area with bright, reflective setae and a concave apical margin. The species is found in Central America and North America.
Trigonorhinus griseus
fungus weevil
Trigonorhinus griseus is a species of fungus weevil in the family Anthribidae, described by LeConte in 1876. The species is distributed across Central America and North America, with records from Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan) through to the southern United States and into Central America. As a member of the fungus weevils, it is associated with fungal feeding habits, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The genus Trigonorhinus contains multiple species that can be challenging to distinguish without close examination.
Trigonorhinus tomentosus
Trigonorhinus tomentosus is a fungus weevil in the family Anthribidae, found in Central America and North America. The species was described by Say in 1826. Two subspecies are recognized: Trigonorhinus tomentosus andersoni Valentine and the nominate subspecies Trigonorhinus tomentosus tomentosus.
Trigonotylus pulcher
Trigonotylus pulcher is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, described by Reuter in 1876. It is distributed across North America and Central America, with records from the southwestern United States including Arizona, Texas, and California, as well as broader regions of Middle America. As a member of the Miridae, it belongs to one of the largest families of true bugs, commonly known as plant bugs or leaf bugs.
Trimerotropis melanoptera
Black-winged Grasshopper
Trimerotropis melanoptera, commonly known as the black-winged grasshopper, is a band-winged grasshopper species in the family Acrididae. It was first described by McNeill in 1901. The species is found in Central America and North America, with specific distribution records from Mexico Northeast, Nebraska, and New Mexico. Like other members of the genus Trimerotropis, it belongs to the Oedipodinae subfamily, characterized by banded or colored hind wings.
Trimerotropis whitei
White's dune grasshopper
Trimerotropis whitei, commonly known as White's dune grasshopper, is a band-winged grasshopper described by Rentz and Weissman in 1984. The species belongs to the subfamily Oedipodinae, characterized by their banded hind wings. It is found in dune habitats in western North America and Central America.
Triplax errans
Red-winged Triplax
Triplax errans is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It has been recorded from Central America and North America. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with fungal fruiting bodies, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Triplax wehrlei
pleasing fungus beetle
Triplax wehrlei is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae, described by Boyle in 1954. It belongs to a genus of small beetles associated with fungal habitats. The species is documented from Central America and North America, though specific ecological details remain poorly recorded in the available literature. Like other members of Triplax, it is presumed to inhabit mushroom fruiting bodies and related fungal substrates.
Trirhabda pubicollis
Trirhabda pubicollis is a skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, first described by Blake in 1951. The species belongs to a genus known for feeding on Asteraceae host plants. It occurs in Central America and North America, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Trixagus chevrolati
false click beetle
Trixagus chevrolati is a small false click beetle in the family Throscidae. The species is known from Central America and North America, with records extending into British Columbia, Canada. As a member of Throscidae, it belongs to a group of beetles commonly referred to as false click beetles due to their superficial resemblance to the click beetles (Elateridae), though they lack the prosternal spine and mesosternal notch that produce the characteristic clicking mechanism. The family Throscidae is relatively small and poorly studied compared to related families.
Tylosis oculatus
Tylosis oculatus is a species of longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae) described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1850. The specific epithet "oculatus" refers to eye-like markings, suggesting the species bears distinctive ocular patterns on its body. As a member of the subfamily Cerambycinae and tribe Trachyderini, it belongs to a group of robust, often strikingly marked longhorn beetles. The genus Tylosis is native to the Americas, with species distributed across North and Central America.
Ululodes quadripunctatus
Four-spotted Owlfly
Ululodes quadripunctatus, commonly known as the four-spotted owlfly, is a species of owlfly in the family Ascalaphidae and tribe Ululodini. The species is distributed across Central America and North America. Owlflies are neuropteran insects that share characteristics with both dragonflies and butterflies, possessing large eyes, many-veined wings, and long clubbed antennae.