Arboreal
Guides
Empicoris vagabundus
thread-legged bug
Empicoris vagabundus is a small predatory insect in the family Reduviidae, commonly known as thread-legged bugs. The species measures 6–7 mm in length and is distinguished by its elongated, slender legs. It has been documented across Europe, much of Asia, and the Americas, inhabiting deciduous trees where it hunts barklice and other small insects. The species is attracted to ultraviolet light sources and has been observed as bycatch in mosquito surveillance traps.
Euschistus tristigmus tristigmus
dusky stink bug
Euschistus tristigmus tristigmus is a Nearctic subspecies of brown stink bug in the family Pentatomidae. It is a member of the ictericus species group, characterized by distinctive male genitalia morphology. Adults exhibit seasonal dimorphism and are active from March through November, with nymphs present June through October. The subspecies is associated with pecan orchards and other woody habitats, showing a pronounced preference for upper canopy levels compared to ground-dwelling congeners.
Euthysanius
Arboreal Click Beetles
Euthysanius is a genus of click beetles (Elateridae) commonly known as Arboreal Click Beetles. Species in this genus are associated with arboreal habitats, living in and around trees. The genus was established by LeConte in 1854 and is currently accepted in the family Elateridae. Based on iNaturalist observations, the genus has documented presence in North America with moderate observational frequency.
Flexamia huroni
Huron River Leafhopper
Flexamia huroni is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described by Bess & Hamilton in 1999. It belongs to the genus Flexamia, a group of leafhoppers known for their specialized host plant associations with grasses. The species is named after the Huron River in Michigan, where it was first collected. Like other members of the genus, it likely exhibits strong ecological dependence on specific grass host plants.
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lobal-biodiversity-information-facilityesbiodiversity-image-portalspanish-collectionstype-specimenlichenantarcticabernensisliyellowstoneGammarotettix bilobatus
arboreal camel cricket
Gammarotettix bilobatus, commonly known as the arboreal camel cricket, is a North American species in the family Rhaphidophoridae. It is restricted to California, where it inhabits trees and shrubs in coastal and foothill regions. Adults are active from February through June. The species exhibits distinctive arboreal habits and anti-predator behaviors.
Hapithinae
Hapithinae is a subfamily of crickets within the family Gryllidae, established by Gorochov in 1986. The group contains small, often colorful crickets, including the well-documented genus Phyllopalpus. Members are characterized by arboreal habits, occupying foliage and shrubs rather than ground habitats. The subfamily is primarily distributed in the Americas, with some species showing northward range expansion in recent decades.
Hemerobius
brown lacewings
Hemerobius is a genus of brown lacewings in the family Hemerobiidae, distributed across Europe and North America. Adults and larvae are predatory, feeding on small arthropods including aphids, scale insects, and insect eggs. The genus includes species that overwinter as adults and are active in early spring. Larvae spin loose, coarse cocoons for pupation, with some species exhibiting extended quiescent periods before emergence.
Hubbellia
Hubbellia is a monotypic genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae, established by Hebard in 1927. The sole described species, H. marginifera, is among the rarest katydids in the United States, with approximately 40 specimens collected despite over a century of entomological work. Its extreme rarity and arboreal habits have made it a notable subject for orthopteran researchers.
Hubbellia marginifera
Arboreal Pine Katydid
Hubbellia marginifera, the sole species in the monotypic genus Hubbellia, is a shield-backed katydid endemic to the southeastern United States. It is strongly associated with pine forests and has been documented in arboreal habitats, reflecting its common name. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1869 from specimens collected in the region.
Leptogaster arborcola
Leptogaster arborcola is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Martin in 1957. It belongs to the genus Leptogaster, a group of slender, elongate robber flies characterized by their distinctive body form and predatory habits. The specific epithet "arborcola" suggests an association with trees or arboreal habitats. As with other members of the Leptogastrinae, it is presumed to be an aerial predator of small insects.
Lichenomima
mouse-like barklice
Lichenomima is a genus of psocopterans in the family Myopsocidae, commonly referred to as 'mouse-like barklice.' The genus was established by Enderlein in 1910 and contains more than 40 described species. These insects are part of the diverse barklice fauna associated with tree bark and lichen habitats.
Liturgusa
Lichen Mantises, Bark Mantises
Liturgusa is a genus of Neotropical bark mantises comprising more than twenty species. Unlike typical mantises, Liturgusa species are exceptionally fast runners that actively pursue prey rather than ambush it. They inhabit tree trunks and branches, where their flattened bodies and cryptic coloration provide effective camouflage against bark, moss, and lichen. The genus was revised in 2014, revealing substantially greater diversity than previously recognized.
Lyssomanes viridis
magnolia green jumper, magnolia green jumping spider
Lyssomanes viridis, the magnolia green jumper, is a small jumping spider native to the southeastern United States. It is the type species of the genus Lyssomanes, considered one of the earliest-evolved genera of jumping spiders. The species exhibits distinctive pale green coloration, elongated legs relative to body size, and specialized visual cognition behaviors. Males engage in visual agonistic displays using brightly colored chelicerae and forelegs, while both sexes utilize visual, vibratory, and pheromonal signals for communication.
Meconema meridionale
Southern Oak Bush-cricket
Meconema meridionale is a small bush-cricket in the family Tettigoniidae, native to southern Europe and expanding northward. It measures 14–17 mm in body length (excluding antennae). The species is carnivorous, arboreal, and nocturnal. It has been documented as a predator of the invasive horse-chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella). Since 2001, it has established populations in the United Kingdom, representing a northward range expansion linked to climate change.
Meconema thalassinum
Oak Bush-cricket, Drumming Katydid
Meconema thalassinum is a small, pale green arboreal bush-cricket in the family Tettigoniidae. Native to Europe, it is the only native arboreal Orthopteran species in the UK and has been introduced to North America within the last 75 years. Males attract females through a unique non-stridulatory method: drumming their hind limbs against leaves to produce vibrations. Unlike most bush-crickets, this species is carnivorous, feeding on invertebrate prey.
Medetera
Woodpecker Flies
Medetera is a large genus of predatory long-legged flies (family Dolichopodidae) comprising approximately 350 species worldwide. Adults are commonly found resting on vertical surfaces, particularly tree trunks, where they adopt a characteristic upright stance that has earned them the common name "woodpecker flies." Adults prey on soft-bodied arthropods, while larvae develop as predators within bark beetle galleries, feeding on eggs, larvae, pupae, and newly emerged adults. Several species have been studied as potential biocontrol agents for forest pest management.
Megophthalminae
Megophthalminae is a subfamily of leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) established by Kirkaldy in 1906. It was historically treated as a separate family or as the subfamily Agalliinae, but phylogenetic analyses have confirmed its placement within Cicadellidae. The subfamily includes four tribes: Adelungiini, Agalliini, Megophthalmini, and Evansiolini. Members are characterized by morphological convergence with treehoppers (Membracoidea), particularly in ocelli and wing modifications. The group originated in the early Cretaceous (~140 million years ago) and shows strong continental-scale biogeographic structure.
Melangyna arctica
Alder Halfband
Melangyna arctica is a Holarctic hoverfly species distributed across northern Europe, Asia, and North America. The species is strongly associated with coniferous and deciduous woodlands, where adults visit flowers of trees and herbs during spring. Larvae develop as predators on aphids in arboreal habitats.
Melanoplus punctulatus
pine tree spur-throat grasshopper, grizzly spur-throat grasshopper
Melanoplus punctulatus is a spur-throated grasshopper in the family Acrididae, commonly known as the pine tree spur-throat grasshopper or grizzly spur-throat grasshopper. The species is recognized for its arboreal habits, distinguishing it from many ground-dwelling grasshopper relatives. It occurs across North America with documented populations in the northeastern United States, Great Lakes region, and western Nebraska. Three subspecies are recognized: M. p. arboreus, M. p. griseus, and M. p. punctulatus.
Metacyrba
Metacyrba is a genus of jumping spiders (family Salticidae) established by Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1901. The genus name derives from Greek μετά ('after, beside') combined with the related salticid genus Cyrba. It contains seven species and one subspecies distributed across the Americas, from the United States through Mexico and the Caribbean to northern South America.
Miagrammopes
Miagrammopes is a genus of cribellate orb-weaving spiders in the family Uloboridae, first described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1870. These spiders are distinguished by their reduced eye complement—retaining only four of the original eight eyes—and their highly modified web-building behavior. Rather than constructing traditional orb webs, they spin single horizontal threads with viscid capture silk, employing a unique hunting strategy of maintaining tension and releasing the line with a snap to entangle prey. The genus currently includes 71 recognized species and is distributed across tropical and subtropical regions.
Micreremidae
Micreremidae is a family of oribatid mites comprising at least 4 genera and approximately 14 described species. The family is placed in the superfamily Licneremaeoidea. Known genera include Micreremus, Fenichelia, Mexiceremus, and Phylloribatula. Records indicate arboreal associations, with some species collected from tree branches in tropical forests.
Microcentrum rhombifolium
greater angle-wing katydid, broad-winged katydid, angular-winged katydid
A large, leaf-mimicking katydid native to North America, recognized by its rhombus-shaped green wings and distinctive 'ticking' call. Adults reach 50–65 mm in length and are most active in late summer and autumn. The species is among the most convincing leaf mimics in its family, with broad, reticulate-veined tegmina that provide excellent crypsis in deciduous vegetation. Males produce intermittent calling songs and courtship songs consisting of repeated ticks once a female is attracted.
Murricia
tree trunk spiders
Murricia is a genus of tree trunk spiders in the family Hersiliidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1882. The genus contains six species distributed across Afro-Asian regions, including Singapore, Sri Lanka, India, and Central Africa. These spiders are characterized by their association with tree bark habitats and possess the elongated spinnerets typical of Hersiliidae.
Myrmecotypus
Myrmecotypus is a genus of ant-mimicking sac spiders in the family Corinnidae, subfamily Castianeirinae. Species exhibit myrmecomorphy—both morphological and behavioral mimicry of ants. The genus was described in 1894 and currently contains fourteen species distributed from the United States to Argentina, with greatest diversity in Central America. Most species are arboreal, though M. mazazoides is ground-dwelling.
Neoponera
Neoponera Panther Ants
Neoponera is a genus of ponerine ants restricted to the Neotropics, ranging from southern Texas to southern Brazil. Workers are slender and medium to large in size (6.5–19 mm), while queens are larger and winged. The genus exhibits diverse nesting behaviors, including ground nests in soil and decaying wood, as well as arboreal ant gardens. Some species, such as those in the N. laevigata species-group, are specialized termite predators.
Neoponera villosa
hairy panther ant, greater Texas bullet ant, giant hunting ant
Neoponera villosa is a large predatory ant in the subfamily Ponerinae, commonly known as the hairy panther ant or greater Texas bullet ant. It inhabits Neotropical regions where it nests in both arboreal and ground-dwelling situations. The species possesses a complex venom containing over 500 peptides with documented antimicrobial, cytolytic, and insecticidal properties. Venom composition exhibits substantial plasticity, varying significantly with season and nesting habitat.
Neotama mexicana
Mexican Two-tailed Spider, Long-spinneret Spider
Neotama mexicana is a species of tree trunk spider in the family Hersiliidae, commonly known as the Mexican two-tailed spider or long-spinneret spider. It is distinguished by its elongated posterior spinnerets, which extend conspicuously beyond the abdomen. The species has been documented from the southern United States through Central America to northern South America, including Peru and Guyana. It is an arboreal species associated with tree trunks and bark habitats.
Ochetellus glaber
black household ant, black house ant, tramp ant, Copper-bellied Ant
Ochetellus glaber is a small ant species native to Australia, widely introduced globally through human commerce. Workers measure 2–3 mm, with queens reaching 5.2–5.5 mm. The species is recognized as a species complex with cryptic diversity, complicating identification and management decisions. It nests arboreally and in structures, forming conspicuous trails to exploit honeydew and food resources. Considered a household pest, it has established populations in Hawaii, Florida, New Zealand, and multiple Asian and Pacific regions.
Oecanthus rileyi
Riley's tree cricket, pine tree cricket
Oecanthus rileyi, commonly known as Riley's tree cricket or pine tree cricket, is a North American tree cricket species in the family Oecanthidae. It belongs to a genus characterized by distinctive singing behavior and arboreal habits. The species was described by Baker in 1905.
Paraphidippus aurantius
emerald jumping spider, golden jumping spider
Paraphidippus aurantius is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, commonly known as the emerald jumping spider or golden jumping spider. It is a solitary, active predator with a relatively large body size for a jumping spider. The species employs a distinctive hunting strategy involving venom injection followed by retreat and observation, enabling it to subdue prey substantially larger than itself. Its distribution spans from the United States through Panama and includes the Greater Antilles.
Parasyrphus
Bristleside Flies
Parasyrphus is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) comprising 31 described species distributed across the Holarctic region. Adults are small to medium-sized (5.6–11 mm) with characteristic yellow abdominal markings. The genus exhibits notable larval trophic diversity: most known larvae are aphid predators on trees, while at least two species (P. nigritarsis and P. melanderi) are specialist predators of leaf beetle eggs and larvae. This dietary specialization is unusual among syrphid flies and involves sophisticated chemical ecology where predators exploit prey defensive secretions as foraging cues.
Pericalina
Pericalina is a subtribe of ground beetles (Carabidae: Lebiinae: Lebiini) comprising arboreal species distributed across tropical and subtropical forests of the New World and Asia. The subtribe includes several complexes distinguished by morphological characters of the mouthparts, pronotum, and ovipositor. New World eucheiloid members are characterized by securiform labial palpomere 3, serrate-setose pronotal margins, and flattened stylomere 2 of the ovipositor. Asian members such as Pericalus exhibit flattened body forms adapted for life under bark. The group has undergone significant diversification in tropical South America with subsequent northward dispersal into Central America and independent radiations in Asia.
Phaneropterinae
Leaf Katydids, Sickle-bearing Bush Crickets, False Katydids, Round-headed Katydids
Phaneropterinae is a large subfamily of katydids (family Tettigoniidae) comprising approximately 2,060 species in 85 genera worldwide. Members are commonly known as leaf katydids, sickle-bearing bush crickets, false katydids, or round-headed katydids. The subfamily name derives from the type genus Phaneroptera, meaning 'visible wing,' referring to the exposed tips of the inner wings in many species. The group was first erected by Hermann Burmeister in 1838 and represents one of the most diverse lineages within Tettigoniidae.
Phidippus otiosus
Canopy Jumping Spider
Phidippus otiosus is a large jumping spider in the family Salticidae, commonly known as the Canopy Jumping Spider. It is primarily arboreal, inhabiting trees in the southeastern United States. Females reach approximately 16 mm in body length, making it one of the larger species in the genus. The species is distinguished by iridescent chelicerae that range from purple to green in color.
Philodromus dispar
Eurasian Running Crab Spider
Philodromus dispar is a small running crab spider native to Eurasia that has been introduced to North America. It is an active hunter that does not build webs, instead ambushing prey on vegetation. The species exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism in coloration: males are shiny black or dark brown with white margins, while females are highly variable in size and color. Its attachment ability depends on ambient humidity, with optimal adhesion at intermediate humidity levels.
Phyllopalpus
handsome trig, red-headed bush cricket
Phyllopalpus is a genus of small, colorful winged bush crickets in the family Trigonidiidae. The genus contains approximately six described species distributed across the Americas, with P. pulchellus being the most well-known and widespread in North America. Members are distinguished by their striking coloration, enlarged maxillary palps, and arboreal habits. The genus was established by Uhler in 1864.
Phytocoris tiliae
lime plant bug
Phytocoris tiliae is a small plant bug in the family Miridae, commonly known as the lime plant bug. It is associated with deciduous trees across Europe and parts of North America. The species is notable among plant bugs for its predatory habits, feeding on mites and other small insects rather than plant sap alone. Adults are active during summer months and are attracted to light.
Pinalitus
Pinalitus is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Kelton in 1955. The genus contains approximately six described species. At least one species, Pinalitus atomarius, is known to be phytophagous and associated with conifers, particularly silver fir (Abies alba).
Pityohyphantes
hammock spiders, pine weavers
Pityohyphantes is a genus of sheetweb weavers (family Linyphiidae) commonly known as hammock spiders, named for their slightly convex sheet-like webs suspended by a maze of threads above. The genus name derives from Greek 'pitys' (pine) and 'hyphantes' (weaver), reflecting their frequent association with coniferous forests. Mature females measure approximately 5–7 mm in body length, with males slightly smaller. The genus contains at least 16 species distributed across Europe and North America, with most North American species occurring in western and northern coniferous forests.
Pityohyphantes rubrofasciatus
Hammock spider
Pityohyphantes rubrofasciatus is a species of sheetweb spider in the family Linyphiidae, commonly known as hammock spiders. The genus name derives from Greek meaning "pine weaver," though species occur in both coniferous and hardwood forests. The species constructs flat or slightly convex sheet webs suspended in foliage, typically well above ground level. It occurs across northern North America in the United States and Canada.
Planipollex
Planipollex is a genus of katydids (family Tettigoniidae) in the subfamily Phaneropterinae, tribe Dichopetalini. It was described in 2014 from material collected in the southwestern United States and Mexico. The genus name refers to the flattened, broadened fore tarsi characteristic of these insects. Members of this genus are arboreal bush-crickets found in arid and semi-arid regions.
Pseudomorphini
false-form beetles
Pseudomorphini is a tribe of ground beetles (Carabidae) distinguished by their evolutionary divergence from typical carabid body plans. Members are known for obligate associations with ants, living within ant colonies. The tribe includes the recently described Guyanemorpha spectabilis from French Guiana, which exhibits exceptional size and coloration compared to the generally dull-colored Western Hemisphere species. Research on these beetles remains challenging due to their arboreal ant-nest habitats.
Pseudomyrmex caeciliae
Pseudomyrmex caeciliae is a species of twig ant in the genus Pseudomyrmex, described by Forel in 1913. Like other members of this large Neotropical genus, it exhibits an elongate, wasp-like body form and notably large compound eyes relative to head size. The genus Pseudomyrmex contains over 200 described species, many of which are associated with woody vegetation and some with specialized plant mutualisms. Specific ecological details for P. caeciliae remain poorly documented in available literature.
Pseudomyrmex elongatus
Mangrove Twig Ant
Pseudomyrmex elongatus is a small, slender ant species in the family Formicidae, distributed widely from Mexico to Argentina. It belongs to a genus characterized by exceptionally large eyes relative to head size and an elongate, wasp-like body form. The species is commonly known as the Mangrove Twig Ant, suggesting association with coastal or riparian woody vegetation. Workers are small (head width 0.56–0.68 mm) with a predominantly opaque head and elongated eyes.
Pseudomyrmex simplex
Simple Twig Ant
Pseudomyrmex simplex is a Neotropical ant species in the twig ant genus Pseudomyrmex, characterized by its slender, wasp-like body form and notably large compound eyes. The species inhabits tropical and subtropical regions of South America, where it forages arboreally on vegetation. Like other members of its genus, it exhibits an elongate morphology adapted for life among branches and twigs rather than ground-dwelling.
Pseudophyllinae
True Katydids
Pseudophyllinae is a large subfamily of katydids (Tettigoniidae) distinguished by exceptional leaf-mimicry. Members typically possess broad, flattened forewings with venation patterns that replicate leaf veins, blotches, and even simulated herbivore damage. The group contains over 20 tribes distributed across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, with major radiations in the Neotropics, Afrotropics, and Southeast Asia. Many species are nocturnal and arboreal, inhabiting forest canopies where their crypsis provides effective predator avoidance.
Psocidae
Common Barklice
Psocidae is a family of barklice in the order Psocodea, distinguished by diagnostic wing venation where the areola postica is fused to the M-vein, forming a discoidal cell. The family contains approximately 86 genera and is widespread globally, with documented diversity in East Africa, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and the Americas. Psocidae is closely related to Myopsocidae. Many species are arboreal, though specific ecological roles remain understudied.
Psocini
Psocini is a tribe of barklice within the family Psocidae, established by Hagen in 1865. Members of this tribe are small, soft-bodied insects commonly found on tree bark, foliage, and other surfaces where they feed on microflora. The tribe contains multiple genera and is part of the diverse Psocomorpha suborder. Psocini species are generally recognized by their wing venation patterns and body proportions, though precise boundaries between related tribes require detailed morphological examination.
Pterophylla
true katydid
Pterophylla is a genus of true katydids in the family Tettigoniidae, containing approximately five described species distributed primarily in North America. The genus is best known for the northern true katydid (P. camellifolia), whose distinctive "katy-did, katy-didn't" call is a familiar sound of late summer evenings in deciduous forests. Males of this genus produce complex acoustic signals including solo calling, alternating calling with neighboring males, aggressive sounds, and disturbance sounds, with well-studied phonoresponse behavior involving reciprocal inhibition and post-inhibitory excitation.