Endemic
Guides
Orophe
Orophe is a genus of robust millipedes in the family Xystodesmidae, endemic to the Rocky Mountains of northern Idaho and western Montana. The genus contains two species: Orophe unicus and Orophe cabinetus. Both species are large-bodied with similar coloration featuring yellow paranota and central yellow patches on the tergites, differing only in gonopod morphology.
Orthonevra feei
Fee's Mucksucker
Orthonevra feei is a rare syrphid fly species described in 2019, known only from New Hampshire, United States. As a hoverfly, adults are capable of sustained hovering flight. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are of the rat-tailed type, though O. feei larvae specifically remain undescribed. Adults are associated with flowers for nectar and pollen feeding.
Oskoron spinosus
Oskoron spinosus is a harvestman (order Opiliones) and the type species of the genus Oskoron, established to accommodate this species and two close relatives distinct from the genus Taracus. Originally described as Taracus spinosus by Banks in 1894, it was later treated as Taracus malkini before being synonymized and transferred to the new genus Oskoron. It belongs to the family Taracidae within the superfamily Ischyropsalidoidea.
Osmia calaminthae
blue calamintha bee
Osmia calaminthae is a rare mason bee endemic to a restricted area of Florida scrub habitat. The species was described in 2011 and is known from only eleven sites concentrated in the southern Lake Wales Ridge and Ocala National Forest. It exhibits striking blue coloration and shows extreme host specialization, depending primarily on two mint-family plants for pollen. The species is considered Critically Imperiled due to its extremely limited range, specific habitat requirements, and ongoing threats from development and pesticide exposure. It was rediscovered in March 2020 after concerns about its continued existence.
Osmopleura
Osmopleura is a monotypic genus of longhorn beetles in the subfamily Cerambycinae, tribe Agallissini. The genus contains a single species, Osmopleura chamaeropis, described by George Henry Horn in 1893. It is endemic to the southeastern United States.
Pachybrachis madera
Pachybrachis madera is a species of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, described by Robert J. Barney in 2019. The species epithet refers to Madera Canyon in the Santa Rita Mountains of Arizona, the type locality where specimens were collected. Like other members of the genus Pachybrachis, it belongs to the subfamily Cryptocephalinae. The species is known from oak-juniper woodland habitats in southeastern Arizona.
Palaemon intermedius
Striped Shrimp
Palaemon intermedius is a species of caridean shrimp in the family Palaemonidae. It is endemic to temperate waters of southeastern Australia. The species is characterized by its translucent body with distinctive red spots and narrow stripes. It is a marine species with limited available ecological data.
Panorpa floridana
Florida scorpionfly
Panorpa floridana, the Florida scorpionfly, is a rare endemic species in the family Panorpidae known only from two counties in northern Florida. Described as "cryptic" yet distinctive in appearance, it remained unrecorded for 28 years until its rediscovery in 2010 from a photograph taken at Gold Head Branch State Park in Clay County. The species is considered one of the most geographically restricted scorpionflies in North America.
Pantarbes megistus
Pantarbes megistus is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae. It was described by Hall and Evenhuis in 1984. The species has an extremely restricted known distribution, documented only from the northern Mojave Desert in California. As a member of the subfamily Cythereinae, it belongs to a group of bee flies whose biology remains poorly understood.
Papaipema sulphurata
Water-willow Stem Borer, Decodon Stem Borer, Swamp Loosestrife Borer Moth
Papaipema sulphurata is a noctuid moth endemic to southeastern Massachusetts, including Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket. The species is an obligate specialist on Decodon verticillatus (water-willow or swamp loosestrife), with larvae that tunnel into stems and feed on vascular tissue. Adults fly in autumn, with a wingspan of 32–38 mm. The species is considered rare due to its restricted range and specific host plant requirements.
Paragalasa exospinalis
Paragalasa exospinalis is a monotypic moth species in the snout moth family Pyralidae, subfamily Chrysauginae. It was described by Cashatt in 1969 and is known only from Arizona. The genus Paragalasa contains no other species. Fewer than 10 observations have been documented, indicating this is a poorly known species with limited ecological data available.
Parancistrocerus fulvipes rufovestis
Parancistrocerus fulvipes rufovestis is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1948. It belongs to a genus of small solitary wasps that nest in pre-existing cavities and provision their offspring with paralyzed caterpillars. The subspecies designation indicates geographic variation within the species P. fulvipes, with rufovestis representing a distinct population.
Paranovelsis mcdonaldi
Paranovelsis mcdonaldi is a species of tiger beetle in the family Cicindelidae. The genus Paranovelsis contains species characterized by reduced or absent flight wings (brachypterous or apterous condition), an adaptation associated with restricted geographic distributions. This species is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, where it inhabits specialized microhabitats. Like other Hawaiian tiger beetles, it represents part of a distinctive insular radiation within the family.
Paranthidium jugatorium perpictum
Paranthidium jugatorium perpictum is a subspecies of wool-carder bee in the family Megachilidae. It belongs to a genus of solitary bees known for collecting plant fibers to line their nest cells. The subspecies is endemic to central and northwestern Mexico. Like other members of Paranthidium, it is presumed to be a solitary nester, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Paraplatyptilia atlantica
Atlantic Canada Plume Moth
Paraplatyptilia atlantica is a plume moth in the family Pterophoridae, endemic to Eastern Canada. It is known only from Newfoundland and Quebec, with records from coastal and montane habitats including Mount Albert at elevations up to 1,100 metres. The species is small, with a wingspan of approximately 20 mm. Adults are active during mid-summer.
Paraplatyptilia carolina
Carolina Plume Moth
Paraplatyptilia carolina is a plume moth in the family Pterophoridae, described by William D. Kearfott in 1907. It is a small moth with a wingspan of 20–25 mm, characterized by clay yellow coloration and distinctive wing markings. The species is restricted to the southeastern United States.
Parcoblatta notha
Arizona Wood Cockroach
Parcoblatta notha is a large, pale-colored wood cockroach endemic to Arizona. It is one of twelve species in the genus Parcoblatta. Males possess fully developed wings and are capable of flight, while females have reduced wings approximately half as long and cannot fly. The species is occasionally found in homes near wooded areas, where it may become a minor nuisance.
Parides alopius
white-dotted cattleheart
Parides alopius, commonly known as the white-dotted cattleheart, is a swallowtail butterfly endemic to Mexico. It is a member of the ascanius species group within the genus Parides, characterized by distinctive wing patterning with submarginal spots. The species has been recorded from very few localities and is considered uncommon, though not currently known to be threatened. A single stray individual has been documented in southeastern Arizona.
Parornix spiraeifoliella
Parornix spiraeifoliella is a small moth in the family Gracillariidae, first described by Braun in 1918. The species is documented only from British Columbia, Canada. Its larvae are leaf miners that develop on Spiraea species, creating distinctive wrinkled mines on the undersides of leaves. The species has been observed 26 times on iNaturalist.
Paruroctonus
Paruroctonus is a genus of small to medium-sized scorpions in the family Vaejovidae, containing approximately 30 described species distributed primarily in arid regions of western North America. The genus includes notable alkali sink specialists such as P. soda and P. conclusus, which inhabit dry lake beds (playas) in California. Several species have been studied for their chemical communication systems and thermal ecology.
Parvindela
American Diminutive Tiger Beetles, swift tiger beetle
Parvindela is a genus of small, flightless tiger beetles in the family Cicindelidae, established by Duran & Gough in 2019 when it was elevated from subgenus status within Cylindera. The genus contains species adapted to specialized habitats including loess hilltop prairies, sand plains, and gypsum mesas in the central United States. The type species, Parvindela celeripes (formerly Cylindera celeripes), is known from disjunct populations in northwestern Oklahoma and northwestern Missouri. These beetles are characterized by their diminutive size, rapid running speed, and reduced or absent flight wings.
Passalidae
Bess Beetles, Bessbugs, Betsy Beetles, Horned Passalus Beetles
Passalidae is a family of approximately 500–1000 species of beetles commonly known as bess beetles or patent-leather beetles. They are predominantly tropical and subtropical, with notable North American species distinguished by large size (20–43 mm), a single cephalic horn, and unusual social behavior among beetles. They are among the most important saproxylic insects for wood decomposition in forest ecosystems.
Pedomoecus sierra
Pedomoecus sierra is a species of caddisfly in the family Apataniidae, described by Ross in 1947. It is known from the Sierra Nevada region of California. Like other members of the order Trichoptera, the larvae are aquatic and construct protective cases from silk and environmental materials. The specific epithet 'sierra' refers to its type locality in the Sierra Nevada mountains.
Pelecinobaccha
A genus of hoverflies in the family Syrphidae, endemic to the Neotropical region. Formerly treated as part of the paraphyletic genus Ocyptamus, it was reinstated as a distinct genus based on phylogenetic evidence. The genus contains four species groups and approximately 49 species, many described in a 2014 revision. Adults are presumably pollinators like other syrphid flies, though specific biological data remain poorly documented.
Pelocoris balius
Pelocoris balius is a species of saucer bug (family Naucoridae) endemic to Florida. Originally described as a subspecies of P. femoratus in 1970, it was elevated to full species status in 2015 based on sympatric occurrence with P. femoratus and distinct morphological characters. It is much less commonly encountered than its congener P. femoratus. In the Everglades, it shows a preference for shorter hydroperiod sites.
Peltotrupes youngi
Young's deep digger scarab, Young's deepdigger scarab, ocala burrowing scarab, ocala deepdigger scarab beetle
Peltotrupes youngi is a species of earth-boring scarab beetle in the family Geotrupidae. It is endemic to Florida scrubs in Marion and Putnam counties, representing a highly restricted geographic range. The species was described by Howden in 1955 and is one of several species in the genus Peltotrupes, which are characterized by their burrowing habits and association with sandy substrates.
Penthesilea sacculalis baboquivariensis
Penthesilea sacculalis baboquivariensis is a subspecies of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, described by Cashatt in 2013. It is distinguished from the nominate subspecies by geographic restriction to the Baboquivari Mountains region of southern Arizona. The subspecies epithet references this specific mountain range.
Pentodontini
rhinoceros beetles
Pentodontini is the most diverse tribe within the subfamily Dynastinae (rhinoceros beetles), containing over 100 genera distributed across multiple biogeographic regions. Most genera are restricted to a single biogeographic region. The tribe is characterized by substantial morphological diversity, with generic-level identification often relying on mouthpart morphology in females and secondary sexual characters (horns, claw modifications, antennal club length) in males.
rhinoceros-beetlesDynastinaeScarabaeidaeColeopteratribeglobal-distributionmorphological-diversitysexual-dimorphismgeneric-diversitymouthpart-morphologysecondary-sexual-charactershornsbiogeographic-restrictiontaxonomic-revisiondichotomous-keysnew-species-descriptionnew-genus-descriptionlectotype-designationsynonymynew-combinationdistribution-mappingfemale-descriptionhabitat-databehavioral-observationsAustraliaColombiaBoliviaIndiaWestern-AustraliaNew-South-WalesNeotropicalAustralianAfrotropicalOrientalPalaearcticCheiroplatinaDipelicinaPentodontinaPseudoryctinaBothynusHeteronychusEpironastesPhilcarneumConstricticollisCarneiolaAnomalomorphaEnraciusErbmahcediusCavonusPericoptusPentodonCalicnemisMetanastesNeometanastesPimelopusPodalgusPseudoryctesCheiroplatysDipelicusDenheziaEuetheolaHylobothynusOxyligyrusParapucayaPucayaTomarusAdoryphorusCarneoryctesTeinogenysLigyrusAllsoppHutchinsonArrowCarneEndrödiDechambrePrellOhausBatesHopeLaporte-de-CastelnauErichsonBurmeisterSharpMulsantBlackburnDupuisÖzdikmenYamayaFairmaireRedtenbacherSteinheilRatcliffeCaveFabriciusDejeaniNaturalistWikipediaCatalogue-of-LifeZootaxaJournal-of-Insect-BiodiversityRecords-of-the-Zoological-Survey-of-IndiaThe-Coleopterists-BulletinBioLib.czWikimedia-CommonsDOI10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.110.11646/zootaxa.4852.4.210.11646/zootaxa.5351.3.210.26515/rzsi/v125/i2s/2025/17296410.11646/zootaxa.5716.4.710.11646/zootaxa.5072.5.210.11646/zootaxa.4852.4.310.12976/jib/2024.54.2.210.1649/1186.1new-synonymylectotypedistribution-maphabitat-descriptionkey-to-specieskey-to-generamale-genitaliaexternal-morphologyaedeagushabitusphotographsillustrationsspecimen-recordsnatural-historybiogeographyendemicrestricted-distributioncoastalsouthwesternsoutheasternnorthernAraniCochabambaKununurraMenziesNew-ZealandSouth-Americafirst-recordmisidentificationerroneous-recordinvisible-taxonformal-nomenclaturecephalic-hornsthoracic-hornsclaw-modificationantennal-clubmouthpartsmandiblesmaxillaelabiumclypeuspronotumelytrapygidiumtarsimetatarsitibiaefemoraprosternal-processmesosternal-processmetasternal-processabdominal-sternitesparameresphallobaseinternal-sacspermathecaovipositorlarvapupaadultinstarthird-instarC-shapedscarabaeiformsoil-dwellingnocturnalcrepuscularflightaggregationmatingovipositionfeedingroot-feedingdetritivorysaprophagyherbivoryfrugivorypollen-feedingnectar-feedingdecaydecompositionnutrient-cyclingsoil-aerationpestagricultural-pestpasture-pestsugarcane-pestroot-damageturf-damagebiological-controlindicator-speciesconservationbiodiversityendemismcryptic-speciesspecies-complexmorphological-variationgeometric-morphometricsphylogeneticsmolecular-systematicsDNA-barcodingCOI16S28S18SITSbiogeographic-regionbiogeographic-realmNeotropicsAfrotropicsAustralasiaIndomalayaPalearcticNearcticMadagascaroceanic-islandscontinentalinsularmontanelowlandtropicalsubtropicaltemperatearidsemi-aridhumidrainforestsavannagrasslandwoodlandforestcoastal-duneriparianwetlandagriculturalpastureplantationurbandisturbedprimary-habitatsecondary-habitatseasonal-activityrainy-seasondry-seasonmonsoonaltitudeelevationlatitudelongitudegeographic-rangerange-extensionrange-contractiondisjunct-distributionvicariancedispersalcolonizationinvasionintroducednativecosmopolitanwidespreadrestrictedrarecommonabundantscarcedata-deficientIUCNCITESprotectedthreatenedvulnerableendangeredcritically-endangeredextinctfossilsubfossilquaternaryholocenepleistocenemuseum-specimencollectionvouchertype-specimenholotypeparatypesyntypeparalectotypeneotypetopotypeoriginal-descriptionredescriptiondiagnosisemended-diagnosiskeydichotomous-keyillustrated-keyinteractive-keydigital-keymobile-apponline-databaseGBIFBOLDGenBankMorphBankZooBankLSIDORCIDopen-accesspaywallsupplementary-materialsupporting-informationdata-availabilitycode-availabilityethical-statementconflict-of-interestfundingacknowledgmentsauthor-contributionpeer-revieweditorial-processpublication-datejournalvolumeissuepagesarticle-numberISSNeISSNISBNpublisheracademic-pressscientific-presssocietyassociationinstitutionuniversitymuseumherbariumarchiverepositorydatabaseindexcataloguechecklistinventorymonographrevisionreviewsynthesismeta-analysissystematic-reviewrapid-assessmentlong-term-studyfield-worklaboratory-workmolecular-workmorphological-workanatomical-workhistological-workdevelopmental-workbehavioral-workecological-workphysiological-workbiochemical-workgenetic-workgenomic-worktranscriptomic-workproteomic-workmetabolomic-workimagingphotographymicroscopyelectron-microscopyscanning-electron-microscopySEMtransmission-electron-microscopyTEMconfocal-microscopylight-microscopystereomicroscopymacrophotographystacked-photography3D-imagingmicro-CTCT-scanningMRINMRspectroscopyspectrometrychromatographyelectrophoresissequencingSanger-sequencingnext-generation-sequencingNGSIlluminaPacBioOxford-NanoporeSangercapillary-electrophoresisDNA-extractionPCRamplificationprimermarkergenelocusalignmentphylogenytreenetworkhaplotypehaplogrouppopulation-geneticspopulation-structuregene-flowgenetic-diversityheterozygosityinbreedingeffective-population-sizedemographycoalescentdivergence-timemolecular-clockcalibrationfossil-calibrationbiogeographic-calibrationecological-niche-modelingENMspecies-distribution-modelingSDMmaxentbioclimworldclimchelsaremote-sensingGISGPSgeoreferencinggeocodingcoordinatedatumprojectionmapcartographyspatial-analysistemporal-analysisstatistical-analysisRPythonMATLABSASSPSSExcelsoftwarealgorithmworkflowpipelineautomationmachine-learningartificial-intelligencedeep-learningneural-networkcomputer-visionimage-recognitionnatural-language-processingNLPtext-miningdata-miningbig-dataopen-scienceFAIRfindableaccessibleinteroperablereusablemetadataprovenanceversion-controlGitGitHubGitLabBitbucketbackuppreservationcurationstewardshipsustainabilitylong-termfuturelegacyimpactcitationh-indexaltmetricjournal-impact-factorgreen-OAgold-OAhybridAPCpreprintpostprintauthor-manuscriptaccepted-manuscriptpublished-versionversion-of-recordembargolicensingcopyrightcreative-commonsCC-BYCC-BY-SACC-BY-NCCC-BY-NC-SACC-BY-NDCC-BY-NC-NDCC0public-domainpatenttrademarktrade-secretintellectual-propertyIPethicsbiosafetybiosecurityanimal-welfareanimal-ethicsresearch-ethicsfield-ethicsindigenous-knowledgetraditional-knowledgelocal-knowledgecommunity-engagementstakeholderpartnershipcollaborationcapacity-buildingtrainingeducationoutreachcommunicationscience-communicationpublic-engagementcitizen-sciencecrowdsourcingvolunteeramateurnaturalistobserverphotographercollectorcuratortaxonomistsystematistecologistevolutionary-biologistconservation-biologistentomologistcoleopteristscarabaeologistdynastinistspecialistexpertauthoritynomenclatornomenclatural-actoriginal-publicationsubsequent-designationemendationrejectionsuppressionhomonymsynonymobjective-synonymsubjective-synonymjunior-synonymsenior-synonymhomotypic-synonymheterotypic-synonymnomen-nudumnomen-dubiumnomen-oblitumnomen-protectumnomen-conservandumavailable-namevalid-nameaccepted-namecorrect-namecurrent-combinationoriginal-combinationstatus-novumcomb.-nov.syn.-nov.sp.-nov.gen.-nov.subgen.-nov.subsp.-nov.nom.-nov.nom.-nud.nom.-dub.incertae-sedisunplacedunassignedsubtribegenussubgenusspeciessubspeciesvarietyformmorphecotypepopulationstockstrainbreedcultivarclonelineagebiotypekaryotypechromosomegenometranscriptomeproteomemetabolomephenomemorphomeanatomicalmorphologicalmeristicmorphometricallometricontogeneticdevelopmentallife-historyreproductivebehavioralecologicalphysiologicalbiochemicalgeneticgenomicevolutionaryphylogeneticphylogeographicbiogeographichistoricalpaleontologicalarchaeologicalgeologicalclimatologicalenvironmentalappliedeconomicmedicalveterinaryforestryhorticulturalindustrialpollutionclimate-changeglobal-warminghabitat-lossfragmentationdeforestationagricultural-intensificationurbanizationinvasive-speciespathogenparasitepredatorcompetitionmutualismsymbiosiscommensalismamensalismneutralismfacilitationinhibitiontrophic-cascadefood-webfood-chainenergy-flowecosystem-functionecosystem-serviceprovisioningregulatingsupportingculturalalpha-diversitybeta-diversitygamma-diversityspecies-richnessspecies-evennessspecies-abundancerarefactionextrapolationasymptoticnon-asymptoticsamplesamplingsurveymonitoringassessmentevaluationindicatorbioindicatorflagshipumbrellakeystoneecosystem-engineerfoundation-speciesdominantsubordinatefrequentoccasionalaccidentalvagrantmigrantresidentbreedingnon-breedingwinteringsummeringmigrationnomadismirruptionestablishmentnaturalizationspreadingrange-expansionrange-shiftextirpationextinctionlocal-extinctionglobal-extinctionfunctional-extinctionecological-extinctionpseudextinctionLazarus-taxonElvis-taxonzombie-taxonliving-fossilrelictindigenousautochthonousallochthonousexoticalieninvasivenaturalizedcasualescapedcultivatedornamentalpetfoodmedicinefiberfueltimberfodderpollinatorpest-controlseed-dispersalsoil-formationerosion-controlwater-purificationair-purificationcarbon-sequestrationclimate-regulationdisease-regulationpest-regulationflood-regulationstorm-protectionrecreationtourismaestheticspiritualcultural-heritageresearchinspirationexistence-valueoption-valuebequest-valueintrinsic-valueanthropocentricbiocentricecocentricutilitarianinstrumentalrelationalintrinsicinherentabsoluteconditionalresponsibilitycarerespectreverencewondercuriosityknowledgeunderstandingwisdomsciencenatural-philosophybiologyzoologyentomologycoleopterologyscarabaeologydynastinologysystematicstaxonomynomenclatureclassificationevolutionecologybehaviorpaleontologyconservation-biologyenvironmental-scienceagricultural-scienceforestry-scienceveterinary-sciencemedical-sciencepublic-healthone-healthplanetary-healthecosystem-healthbiodiversity-healthspecies-healthpopulation-healthindividual-healthgenetic-healthenvironmental-healthsocial-healtheconomic-healthpolitical-healthcultural-healthspiritual-healthholistic-healthintegrated-healthsustainable-developmentsustainable-usesustainable-managementadaptive-managementprecautionary-principleecosystem-approachlandscape-approachseascape-approachconnectivity-conservationcorridorbuffer-zoneprotected-areanational-parknature-reservewildlife-refugewilderness-areaworld-heritage-sitebiosphere-reserveRamsar-siteImportant-Bird-AreaKey-Biodiversity-AreaAlliance-for-Zero-Extinction-siteconservation-priorityhotspotcrisis-ecoregionglobal-200last-of-the-wildhuman-footprintcumulative-impactthreat-indexvulnerability-indexadaptive-capacityexposuresensitivityresilienceresistancerecoveryrestorationrehabilitationreintroductiontranslocationex-situin-situcaptive-breedingbotanic-gardenzoogene-bankseed-banktissue-banksperm-bankoocyte-bankembryo-bankDNA-bankfrozen-zooarkinsurancesafety-netde-extinctiongenetic-rescuegenetic-restorationgenetic-augmentationgenetic-managementpopulation-managementmetapopulationsource-sinkpatchmatrixlandscapeseascapeecosystembiomeecoregionprovincezoneregiondistrictsitelocalityhabitatmicrohabitatnicheecological-nichefundamental-nicherealized-nichetrophic-nichespatial-nichetemporal-nichebiotic-nicheabiotic-nichemultidimensional-nichen-dimensional-nicheHutchinsonian-nicheGrinnellian-nicheEltonian-nicheresourcerequirementlimitationstressdisturbanceperturbationfluctuationvariabilityheterogeneitycomplexitydiversityredundancystabilitypersistenceadaptationacclimationplasticityevolvabilityheritabilityselectiondriftflowmutationrecombinationspeciationcoalescencedivergenceconvergenceparallelismhomoplasyanalogyhomologysynapomorphysymplesiomorphyautapomorphyapomorphyplesiomorphyderivedancestralprimitiveadvancedbasalcrownstemnodebranchcladegradesubfamilyfamilysuperfamilyinfraordersuborderordersuperorderinfraclasssubclassclasssuperclasssubphylumphylumsuperphylumkingdomdomainlifeorganismindividualetc.Peoria floridella
Florida Peoria Moth
Peoria floridella is a small moth in the family Pyralidae, described by Shaffer in 1968. It is endemic to peninsular Florida, where it inhabits dry sandhill and scrub ecosystems. The species has been observed in association with sand live oak (Quercus geminata), suggesting a potential host relationship. Like many Phycitinae moths, it likely has a concealed larval stage, though detailed life history information remains limited.
Phanogomphus australis
Clearlake Clubtail
Phanogomphus australis, commonly known as the Clearlake Clubtail, is a species of dragonfly in the family Gomphidae. It is a North American endemic with a restricted distribution centered on Florida. The species inhabits lake margins and associated wetland habitats. Like other clubtails, it is characterized by the expanded, club-like tip of the male abdomen.
Phanogomphus cavillaris
Sandhill Clubtail, Brimley's Clubtail
Phanogomphus cavillaris, the sandhill clubtail, is a clubtail dragonfly endemic to the Southeastern United States. It inhabits dry, sandy, scrub-like habitats near streams or lakes. The species is distinguished from similar taxa by the straight occiput line between the eyes and a dark band across the face. Two subspecies are recognized: P. c. cavillaris in Peninsular Florida and P. c. brimleyi in the Florida Panhandle, Southern Alabama, and North Carolina.
Pheidole adrianoi
Florida Rosemary Big-headed Ant
Pheidole adrianoi is a species of big-headed ant in the genus Pheidole, described by Naves in 1985. The species is known from Florida, where it has been recorded in association with Florida rosemary (Ceratiola ericoides) habitats. As with other members of the hyperdiverse genus Pheidole, this species exhibits worker polymorphism with distinct major and minor worker castes. The species has been documented through iNaturalist observations, though detailed biological studies remain limited.
Pheidole clementensis
San Clemente Island Big-headed Ant
Pheidole clementensis is a species of big-headed ant in the genus Pheidole, described by Gregg in 1969. It is endemic to San Clemente Island, California, and is recognized as a distinct species within the highly diverse genus Pheidole, which contains over 1,000 species globally. Like other Pheidole species, it exhibits worker polymorphism with distinct soldier and minor worker castes.
Pheidole elecebra
Pheidole elecebra is an ant species endemic to the United States. It is a workerless inquiline, meaning it lives within the nests of another ant species without producing a worker caste of its own. The species is entirely dependent on its host, Pheidole ceres, for colony maintenance and survival.
Philocleon
Philocleon is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, subfamily Melanoplinae. It was established by Scudder in 1897 and is endemic to Mexico. The genus comprises short-horned grasshoppers with distributions concentrated in central, northeastern, and southwestern regions of the country.
Phobetus
May beetles, junebugs
Phobetus is a genus of scarab beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Melolonthinae, commonly known as May beetles or junebugs. The genus was established by LeConte in 1856 and contains approximately 11 described species. Species in this genus are distributed in arid and semi-arid regions of western North America, with several species endemic to specific desert mountain ranges. The genus is classified in the tribe Phobetusini, which is endemic to the Nearctic region.
Phormoestes
Phormoestes is a monotypic genus of small moths in the family Choreutidae (subfamily Millieriidae), established by Heppner in 1982. The sole species, Phormoestes palmettovora, is endemic to Florida, United States. The genus is distinguished by distinctive morphological features in both adult and immature stages, most notably a pupal case that resembles a basket—reflected in the etymology of its name.
Photinus tenuicinctus
thinly-girdled firefly, Ozark spark
Photinus tenuicinctus is a firefly species endemic to the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma. Adults measure 8.5–11.5 mm in length. Males are fully winged and capable of flight, while females are brachypterous and flightless. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in both morphology and bioluminescent signaling.
Photomorphus archboldi
Photomorphus archboldi is a species of velvet ant (family Mutillidae) described from central Florida. The species is known only from male specimens, which were collected in malaise traps at Archbold Biological Station in Highlands County. The female remains undescribed.
Phryganeopsis
Phryganeopsis is a monotypic genus of moths in the family Tineidae, containing a single species, Phryganeopsis brunnea. The genus is endemic to California. Little detailed information is available about its biology or ecology.
Phryganeopsis brunnea
Phryganeopsis brunnea is a species of moth in the family Tineidae, the sole member of its monotypic genus. It is endemic to California. The species was described by Walsingham in 1881. Very little is known about its biology or ecology beyond its taxonomic placement and geographic occurrence.
Phyllobrotica lengi
Phyllobrotica lengi is an exceptionally rare leaf beetle endemic to eastern North America. First described by Blatchley in 1910, this species remained virtually unknown in Missouri until a small series was collected in 1988 on Scutellaria parvula. It is one of the rarest beetles in Missouri, with only four historical specimens known prior to the 1988 collection. Like other Phyllobrotica species, it is an extreme host specialist, feeding exclusively on skullcap plants (Scutellaria).
Phyllobrotica nigritarsis
Phyllobrotica nigritarsis is a rare leaf beetle (Chrysomelidae) endemic to the central United States. The species was historically known from only four specimens collected in Missouri during the late 1800s until a small series was collected in 1987. It is an extreme host specialist, feeding exclusively on Scutellaria parvula (small skullcap), a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae). Like other Phyllobrotica species, it inhabits wet bottomland habitats rather than dry prairies.
Phyllobrotica sororia
Four-spotted Texas Phyllobrotica
Phyllobrotica sororia is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is endemic to Texas, making it one of the most geographically restricted species in the genus Phyllobrotica. Like other members of this genus, it exhibits extreme host plant specialization.
Phyllocnistis subpersea
Phyllocnistis subpersea is a microlepidopteran moth in the family Gracillariidae, described in 2011. Adults are tiny, with forewings measuring 2–2.7 mm. The species is a specialist leafminer on Persea borbonia, creating distinctive serpentine mines on the undersides of leaves. Its specific name references this sub-leaf mining habit. The species has a restricted known distribution in southeastern United States coastal regions.
Phyllonorycter manzanita
Phyllonorycter manzanita is a leaf-mining moth in the family Gracillariidae. The species is endemic to California and was described by Braun in 1925. Larvae create characteristic mines in the leaves of manzanita species (Arctostaphylos), with documented hosts including Arctostaphylos glauca and Arctostaphylos manzanita.
Phyllonorycter memorabilis
Phyllonorycter memorabilis is a small moth in the family Gracillariidae, described by Braun in 1939. It is endemic to California, United States. The larvae are leaf miners that feed on species of Lathyrus, creating distinctive mines within the leaf tissue.
Phyllophaga nebulosa
June beetle
Phyllophaga nebulosa is a rare species of June beetle endemic to Jones Lake State Park in North Carolina. It was discovered in 2007 by entomologist Maxi Polihronakis, who initially could not identify specimens collected during research at the park. The species is notable for its highly restricted geographic range and unusual habitat preferences compared to other members of its genus.
Phymatopsallus
Phymatopsallus is a genus of plant bugs (family Miridae, subfamily Phylinae) endemic to western North America. The genus was established by Knight in 1964. A 2006 revision significantly expanded understanding of the group, describing 9 new genera and 15 new species within the Phymatopsallus group. These are small, soft-bodied true bugs with the typical mirid morphology of slender bodies and hemelytra with distinct membranous apices.
Phymonotus
Phymonotus is a monotypic genus of shield-backed katydid erected in 2011, containing the single species P. jacintotopos. The genus is distinguished by an unusually enlarged dome-like pronotum, a distinctive calling song, and seven additional morphological features. It is considered a Pleistocene relic taxon endemic to high-elevation conifer forests of the San Jacinto Mountains in southern California.