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Empelus
Empelus is a genus of rove beetles in the subfamily Empelinae, established by John Lawrence LeConte in 1861. The genus is part of the hyperdiverse family Staphylinidae, one of the largest families of organisms. Members of Empelinae are characterized by distinctive morphological features including reduced wing venation and specialized mouthpart structures. The genus remains poorly known, with limited species documentation and biological data available.
rove-beetles Staphylinidae Empelinae Nearctic LeConte-1861
Empoa
Empoa is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, established by Fitch in 1851 and currently treated as a subgenus of Typhlocyba Germar, 1833. The genus was synonymized with Empoides Vilbaste, 1968, with nine new combinations resulting from this taxonomic revision. Empoa species are part of the Typhlocybinae subfamily, characterized by their small size and plant-feeding habits. The gillettei complex within Empoa comprises 14 Nearctic species that share identical male genitalia, requiring host association data and coloration patterns for species-level identification.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Nearctic plant-feeder taxonomy subgenus
Empoa gillettei
Empoa gillettei is a Nearctic leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, originally described by Van Duzee in 1917. It belongs to the gillettei complex—a group of 14 Nearctic species within Typhlocyba subgenus Empoa that share identical male genitalia. Two nominal species, Empoa acericola and E. caryata (both Christian, 1953), have been synonymized with E. gillettei based on color variation. The species is documented from multiple localities across western and northern North America.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Nearctic gillettei-complex cryptic-species color-variation synonymy
Empoa saffrana
Empoa saffrana is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, originally described as Typhlocyba saffrana by McAtee in 1926. It belongs to the subgenus Empoa of Typhlocyba and is part of the gillettei species complex—a group of 14 Nearctic species that share identical male genitalia and are distinguished primarily by host plant associations and color variation patterns. The species E. elmata Christian, 1953 was synonymized with E. saffrana in a 1983 revision. Like other members of its complex, it is a plant-feeding insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Empoa gillettei-complex Nearctic plant-feeder Typhlocyba synonymy
Empoa unifasciata
Empoa unifasciata is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It was described as a new species from eastern Canada in 1983 and belongs to the gillettei complex—a group of 14 Nearctic species characterized by identical male genitalia. The species is distinguished from congeners primarily by coloration and pattern, particularly a single pale band on the forewings.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Nearctic gillettei-complex eastern-Canada new-species-1983 color-pattern-identification single-banded-wing-pattern
Enchenopa n-sp-az-ii
Enchenopa n-sp-az-ii is an undescribed species of treehopper in the family Membracidae, provisionally designated from Arizona. Treehoppers in this genus are recognized for their enlarged and often elaborately shaped pronotum that extends over the body. This species represents part of the documented but not yet formally described diversity of Enchenopa in the southwestern United States.
treehopper undescribed-species provisional-designation Arizona Membracidae Enchenopa Nearctic United-States n-sp-az-ii
Endomychus
Endomychus is a genus of beetles in the family Endomychidae, distributed across the Palearctic, Nearctic, and Oriental realms. The genus was established by Panzer in 1795. Species in this genus are associated with fungi and decaying organic matter. The genus has been documented from northern Europe through North America to Asian regions.
fungivore forest-beetle decomposer Palearctic Nearctic Oriental
Engytatus modestus
tomato bug
Engytatus modestus, commonly known as the tomato bug, is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae. It has a broad distribution spanning the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America. The species is associated with tomato plants and other solanaceous crops, where it feeds on plant sap. As a member of the large and diverse Miridae family, it represents one of many plant bugs that interact with agricultural systems in tropical and subtropical regions.
Miridae plant-bug tomato agricultural-pest Neotropical Nearctic
Entedoninae
Entedoninae is a subfamily of chalcid wasps in the family Eulophidae comprising over 90 genera. Members are primarily parasitoids with documented associations across diverse host groups including gall-inducing insects, leafminers, sawflies, thrips, and ants. The subfamily exhibits considerable morphological and ecological diversity, with species found in tropical to temperate habitats worldwide.
parasitoid biological-control gall-associated leafminer-parasitoid Chalcidoidea Hymenoptera Eulophidae Entedoninae tropical-forest agricultural-pest-control sawfly-parasitoid thrips-parasitoid ant-associated rice-pest Cecidomyiidae Tenthredinidae Pontania Closterocerus Ceranisus Afronympha Ametallon Chrysonotomyia Omphale-genus-group canopy understorey ecological-plasticity Bangladesh Panama Africa New-Zealand Europe Senegal South-Africa Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo Uganda endoparasitoid larval-parasitoid egg-parasitoid host-specificity forest-habitat degraded-habitat mid-altitude-rainforest lowland-rainforest tropical-America classical-biological-control augmentative-biological-control integrated-pest-management rice-hispa Dicladispa-armigera gall-wasp sawfly-gall leafminer ant-symbiosis Formicidae Khaya-senegalensis Ochna-pulchra morphological-taxonomy molecular-taxonomy 28S-rDNA COI CytB new-species-description generic-revision host-range parasitoid-complex food-web ecosystem-service natural-enemy pest-management entomophagous hyperparasitoid inquiline curculionid Apion-minimum Phyllocolpa-leucosticta Chrysocharis Entedon Asecodes Pleurotroppopsis Afrotroppopsis Zaommomentedon Apleurotropis Kratoysma Platocharis Schizocharis Parahorismenus Atullya Tropicharis Chrysochuris cruy mirabilis oryzamyntor eminpashai carinatum dussiae longicaudata machaeriae unimaculata claviger gorgonaense auripunctata galbina laeviscuta phenacapsia cecvora elongata pontaniae heyeri risbeci milletiae newbyi Förster-1856 Chalcidoidea-phylogeny biodiversity species-richness cryptic-species molecular-diagnostics host-plant-association habitat-specificity canopy-fauna understorey-fauna forest-stratification tropical-biodiversity Afrotropical Neotropical Palaearctic Nearctic Oriental Australasian Pacific Holarctic biogeography taxonomic-revision annotated-key catalogue type-specimen museum-collection slide-mounted-specimens morphometrics genitalia wing-venation antennae clypeus mandibles malar-space scape pedicel flagellum gaster vertex suture color-pattern pale-femora dark-gaster sexual-dimorphism male female ovipositor emergence rearing quarantine field-collection foreign-exploration augmentative-release pesticide-resistance sustainable-agriculture food-security rice-production cereal-pest vegetable-pest fruit-pest ornamental-pest forest-pest urban-pest invasive-species native-range introduced-range establishment spread impact non-target-effects host-specificity risk-assessment environmental-safety regulatory-approval research-symposium proceedings peer-reviewed Zootaxa ZooKeys Insect-Systematics-&-Evolution Australian-Journal-of-Entomology Far-Eastern-Entomologist Russian-Entomological-Journal Belgian-Journal-of-Entomology Florida-Entomologist Pan-Pacific-Entomologist Entomological-News Proceedings-of-the-Hawaiian-Entomological-Society Transactions-of-the-American-Entomological-Society Journal-of-Natural-History 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Entomology-Research-Museum California-Department-of-Food-and-Agriculture Pierce's-Disease-Control-Program biological-control-program integrated-pest-management-program research-progress-report annual-summary technical-report symposium-proceedings conference-abstract poster-presentation invited-paper monograph book-chapter identification-guide illustrated-key annotated-catalogue type-material voucher-specimen collection-curation taxonomy systematics phylogenetics molecular-systematics DNA-barcoding species-complex sibling-species species-boundaries geographic-variation population-genetics gene-flow reproductive-isolation host-race biotype strain laboratory-rearing insectary mass-production release monitoring impact-assessment efficacy economic-evaluation cost-benefit-analysis farmer-adoption extension education policy regulation international-cooperation capacity-building training workshop field-day demonstration on-farm-research participatory-research farmer-field-school sustainable-intensification agroecology conservation-biological-control habitat-management floral-resources refuge buffer-zone landscape-complexity connectivity spillover natural-enemy-diversity food-web-structure trophic-interactions multitrophic indirect-effects trait-mediated density-dependent inverse-density-dependent functional-response numerical-response searching-efficiency handling-time oviposition-behavior host-selection host-acceptance host-suitability host-quality host-stage-preference egg-load progeny-allocation sex-ratio local-mate-competition sib-mating inbreeding fitness longevity fecundity development-time thermal-requirements degree-days phenology synchrony asynchrony seasonal-adaptation diapause quiescence cold-hardiness heat-tolerance desiccation-resistance starvation-resistance dispersal flight walking foraging patch-use area-restricted-search oviposition-marking host-marking superparasitism multiparasitism intraguild-predation hyperparasitism autoparasitism heteronomous-hyperparasitism facultative-hyperparasitism obligate-hyperparasitism primary-parasitoid secondary-parasitoid tertiary-parasitoid mummy aphid-mummy scale-mummy pupal-parasitoid egg-larval-parasitoid larval-pupal-parasitoid idiobiont koinobiont ectoparasitoid solitary gregarious polyembryony thelytoky arrhenotoky diploid haplodiploid chromosome-number genome-size transcriptome proteome metabolome morphome phenome extended-phenotype niche-construction ecosystem-engineering keystone-species ecosystem-service-provider functional-group guild trophic-level energy-flow nutrient-cycling decomposition predation herbivory parasitism mutualism commensalism competition apparent-competition exploitative-competition interference-competition scramble-competition contest-competition resource-partitioning niche-differentiation character-displacement co-evolution arms-race Red-Queen geographic-mosaic local-adaptation phenotypic-plasticity genetic-adaptation epigenetics transgenerational-effects maternal-effects paternal-effects parental-care mating-system sexual-selection sperm-competition cryptic-female-choice mate-choice lek territory aggression alarm defense venom allomone kairomone synomone semiochemical pheromone trail-pheromone alarm-pheromone aggregation-pheromone sex-pheromone marking-pheromone oviposition-deterrent host-marking-pheromone plant-volatile induced-plant-defense systemic-acquired-resistance induced-systemic-resistance priming volatile-organic-compound green-leaf-volatile terpenoid phenylpropanoid jasmonic-acid salicylic-acid ethylene abscisic-acid gibberellin auxin cytokinin brassinosteroid strigolactone nitric-oxide reactive-oxygen-species hypersensitive-response programmed-cell-death autophagy apoptosis necrosis pathogen-associated-molecular-pattern damage-associated-molecular-pattern pattern-recognition-receptor effector-triggered-immunity gene-for-gene avirulence virulence effector toxin phytotoxin mycotoxin bacterial-toxin viral-toxin insecticidal-protein cry-protein vip-protein cyt-protein spore conidium appressorium haustorium mycelium sclerotium fruiting-body basidiocarp ascocarp perithecium cleistothecium pycnidium acervulus sporodochium symptom sign disease-triangle disease-cycle epidemic endemic pandemic outbreak eradication containment management control prevention forecasting warning-system decision-support-system expert-system model simulation economic-threshold economic-injury-level action-threshold treatment-threshold damage-threshold aesthetic-injury-level cultural-control physical-control mechanical-control chemical-control genetic-control sterile-insect-technique incompatible-insect-technique precision-agriculture site-specific-management variable-rate-application remote-sensing geographic-information-system global-positioning-system unmanned-aerial-vehicle drone sensor imaging spectroscopy machine-learning artificial-intelligence deep-learning neural-network computer-vision image-analysis pattern-recognition classification segmentation detection tracking counting sampling sampling-plan sequential-sampling binomial-sampling presence-absence-sampling fixed-precision-sampling variable-precision-sampling spatial-sampling temporal-sampling stratified-sampling cluster-sampling systematic-sampling random-sampling convenience-sampling judgment-sampling expert-sampling quota-sampling snowball-sampling respondent-driven-sampling capture-recapture mark-recapture mark-resight distance-sampling line-transect point-transect strip-transect plot quadrat pitfall-trap Malaise-trap pan-trap water-pan yellow-pan blue-pan white-pan flight-interception-trap window-trap canopy-fogging beating-tray sweep-net aerial-net ground-net aquatic-net D-vac vacuum-sampler aspirator mouth-aspirator mechanical-aspirator berlese-funnel Tullgren-funnel Winkler-extractor pitfall barber-trap pitfall-array drift-fence funnel-trap light-trap UV-light black-light mercury-vapor sodium-vapor LED actinic color-trap sticky-trap pheromone-trap synthetic-pheromone natural-pheromone kairomone-trap food-bait protein-bait sugar-bait fermentation-bait alcohol-bait vinegar-bait molasses-bait fruit-bait meat-bait fish-bait dung-bait carrion-bait decoy lure attractant repellent deterrent antifeedant oviposition-stimulant arrestant suppressant toxicant stomach-poison contact-poison fumigant systemic translaminar residual persistent non-persistent broad-spectrum narrow-spectrum selective non-selective target-specific host-specific mode-of-action nerve-poison acetylcholinesterase-inhibitor GABA-antagonist sodium-channel-modulator nicotinic-acetylcholine-receptor-agonist ryanodine-receptor-modulator chitin-synthesis-inhibitor juvenile-hormone-mimic ecdysone-agonist microbial-pesticide entomopathogenic-nematode entomopathogenic-fungus entomopathogenic-bacterium entomopathogenic-virus entomopathogenic-protozoa Bacillus-thuringiensis Bt Bacillus-sphaericus Paenibacillus-popilliae Serratia-entomophila Metarhizium-anisopliae Beauveria-bassiana Lecanicillium-lecanii Isaria-fumosorosea Nomuraea-rileyi Hirsutella-thompsonii Entomophthora Neozygites Nosema Vairimorpha Thelohania Anticarsia-gemmatalis-nucleopolyhedrovirus AgMNPV Cydia-pomonella-granulovirus CpGV Spodoptera-exigua-multiple-nucleopolyhedrovirus SeMNPV Autographa-californica-multiple-nucleopolyhedrovirus AcMNPV nucleopolyhedrovirus granulovirus cypovirus entomopoxvirus iridovirus parvovirus tetravirus nodavirus reovirus picornavirus iflavirus densovirus birnavirus totivirus partitivirus hypovirulence mycovirus bacteriophage phage transduction conjugation transformation horizontal-gene-transfer vertical-gene-transfer mobile-genetic-element transposon plasmid integron genomic-island pathogenicity-island symbiosis-island metabolic-island resistance-island virulence-factor antibiotic-resistance insecticide-resistance acaricide-resistance herbicide-resistance fungicide-resistance bactericide-resistance nematicide-resistance molluscicide-resistance rodenticide-resistance resistance-management resistance-monitoring resistance-detection resistance-diagnosis resistance-mechanism metabolic-resistance target-site-resistance penetration-resistance behavioral-resistance cross-resistance multiple-resistance negative-cross-resistance synergism antagonism potentiation safener adjuvant surfactant spreader sticker extender buffer acidifier defoamer drift-retardant rainfastness UV-protectant formulation emulsifiable-concentrate wettable-powder water-dispersible-granule suspension-concentrate capsule-suspension microencapsulation nanotechnology controlled-release slow-release attract-and-kill sterile-insect-release inundative-release inoculative-release conservation augmentation classical neoclassical new-association targeted area-wide suppression protection production integrated-crop-management integrated-production organic-farming biodynamic-farming permaculture agroforestry silvopasture climate-smart-agriculture conservation-agriculture digital-agriculture smart-farming agriculture-4.0 internet-of-things big-data cloud-computing blockchain distributed-ledger traceability transparency certification standard governance stakeholder value-chain supply-chain food-system nutrition-security livelihood income employment gender youth social-inclusion equity fairness justice ethics animal-welfare environmental-protection biodiversity-conservation ecosystem-restoration land-degradation-neutrality desertification deforestation reforestation afforestation forest-restoration wetland-restoration grassland-restoration soil-restoration soil-health soil-organic-matter soil-carbon soil-biodiversity soil-fauna soil-microbiome rhizosphere phyllosphere anthroposphere technosphere biosphere ecosphere hydrosphere atmosphere lithosphere pedosphere cryosphere climate-change global-warming greenhouse-gas carbon-dioxide methane nitrous-oxide fluorinated-gas carbon-sequestration carbon-storage carbon-sink carbon-source carbon-neutral carbon-negative net-zero climate-adaptation climate-mitigation climate-resilience vulnerability exposure sensitivity adaptive-capacity transition pathway scenario projection forecast prediction uncertainty risk hazard damage loss adaptation mitigation resilience sustainability sustainable-development sustainable-development-goals SDG Agenda-2030 Paris-Agreement Convention-on-Biological-Diversity CBD Nagoya-Protocol Cartagena-Protocol Aichi-Targets Kunming-Montreal-Global-Biodiversity-Framework post-2020-biodiversity-framework One-Health Planetary-Health EcoHealth One-Welfare One-World One-Future interdisciplinary transdisciplinary multidisciplinary cross-disciplinary intersectoral multistakeholder partnership collaboration cooperation network platform hub center-of-excellence capacity-development institutional-strengthening policy-support science-policy-interface evidence-based-policy science-diplomacy technology-transfer knowledge-transfer knowledge-exchange knowledge-sharing open-access open-data open-science open-innovation citizen-science community-based-monitoring action-research transformative-research solution-oriented-research problem-driven-research impact-oriented-research implementation-research operational-research applied-research basic-research fundamental-research strategic-research tactical-research adaptive-research innovation invention discovery breakthrough frontier emerging converging enabling disruptive transformative exponential digital biological physical cognitive social institutional technological ecological evolutionary revolutionary incremental radical systematic holistic integrated comprehensive inclusive participatory bottom-up top-down middle-out hybrid mixed-methods qualitative quantitative empirical theoretical conceptual analytical computational experimental observational descriptive correlational causal mechanistic predictive prescriptive normative evaluative assessment appraisal review audit evaluation 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Entelecara
dwarf spiders
Entelecara is a genus of dwarf spiders (family Linyphiidae) described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1884. The genus contains 21 described species distributed across North America, Europe, Russia, Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan, and North Africa. Species within this genus are small-bodied spiders, consistent with the dwarf spider morphology characteristic of Linyphiidae. The type species is Entelecara acuminata.
spiders arachnids Linyphiidae dwarf-spiders Palearctic Nearctic
Entelecara acuminata
dwarf spider
Entelecara acuminata is a dwarf spider species in the family Linyphiidae, a group commonly known as sheet-web weavers or money spiders. The species has a broad distribution spanning the Palearctic and Nearctic regions. It has been introduced to North America from its native Eurasian range.
spider dwarf-spider sheet-web-weaver introduced-species Palearctic Nearctic
Entephria bradorata
Entephria bradorata is a species of geometrid moth in the subfamily Larentiinae. It was elevated to species rank from a subspecies of E. polata in a 1997 revision of Nearctic Entephria. The species is known from North America, with records primarily from northern regions.
geometrid-moth Larentiinae Nearctic revised-taxonomy
Entephria lynda
Entephria lynda is a species of geometrid moth described by Troubridge in 1997. It belongs to the subfamily Larentiinae within the family Geometridae. The species was established during a revision of Nearctic Entephria species that elevated several former subspecies to species rank and described new taxa. It is one of 11 Nearctic species currently recognized in the genus.
geometrid-moth Larentiinae Nearctic 1997-description
Entephria multivagata
Entephria multivagata is a Nearctic geometrid moth in the subfamily Larentiinae. It was originally described as Scotosia multivagata by Hulst in 1881. The species was revised in 1997, during which Entephria nigrescens was synonymized under it. It is one of 11 Nearctic species in the genus Entephria.
geometridae larentiinae nearctic moth north-america revised-1997
Entephria separata
Entephria separata is a geometrid moth in the family Geometridae, subfamily Larentiinae. It was described by Troubridge in 1988 and is one of 11 Nearctic species in the genus Entephria. The species is found in North America.
geometridae larentiinae north-america 1988-description nearctic moth lepidoptera
Entomophthalmus
Entomophthalmus is a genus of false click beetles (family Eucnemidae) established by Bonvouloir in 1871. Members of this genus belong to the subfamily Melasinae and tribe Dirhagini. The genus contains at least one described Nearctic species, E. rufiolus, whose larval biology has been documented. Adult Eucnemidae are generally associated with decaying wood and fungal habitats.
Eucnemidae false-click-beetles Melasinae Dirhagini wood-associated-beetles Nearctic
Enyo lugubris
Mournful Sphinx
Enyo lugubris, commonly known as the mournful sphinx, is a sphingid moth with a broad Neotropical and Nearctic distribution. Adults are medium-sized with a wingspan of 50–60 mm and are active year-round in tropical regions, with seasonal activity further north. The species exhibits two subspecies: the nominate form across most of its range, and E. l. delanoi restricted to the Galápagos Islands. Larval development occurs on various Vitaceae species.
Sphingidae Macroglossinae Dilophonotini hawk-moth sphinx-moth Neotropical Nearctic Vitaceae-feeder
Eparces
Eparces is a genus of ichneumonid wasps in the subfamily Ichneumoninae, first described by Förster in 1869. The Nearctic fauna was revised in 2023, resulting in the description of Eparces australis from the southeastern United States and new distributional records for Eparces quadriceps. The genus belongs to the large parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
parasitoid ichneumonid Nearctic taxonomy understudied
Eparces quadriceps
Eparces quadriceps is a Nearctic ichneumonid wasp in subfamily Ichneumoninae, first described by Cresson in 1867. The species has been recorded from multiple states across the United States, with recent taxonomic revision providing updated nomenclatural clarification and new distributional records. As a member of the parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae, it likely functions as a parasitoid of other insects, though specific host associations remain undocumented in available sources.
Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae Nearctic parasitoid-wasp parasitica Hymenoptera North-America United-States 1867-description Cresson-description ichneumonid-wasp insect-parasitoid revised-taxonomy
Epargyreus
Silverdrops, Flasher butterflies
Epargyreus is a genus of skipper butterflies in the family Hesperiidae, commonly known as silverdrops or flasher butterflies. The genus name derives from Greek argyros meaning 'silver,' referring to the characteristic white spot on the ventral hindwing. Species occur across the Nearctic and Neotropical realms, with the best-known species being Epargyreus clarus (silver-spotted skipper), which ranges from southern Canada through the United States to South America. Larvae construct distinctive leaf shelters using silk and are known for 'frass-shooting' behavior—expelling excrement up to 40 times their body length away from their shelters.
skipper butterfly Lepidoptera silver-spotted leaf-shelter frass-shooting diapause Fabaceae legume-feeder Nearctic Neotropical
Epauloecus unicolor
A small beetle in the family Ptinidae (spider beetles), recorded from scattered localities in Europe and eastern Canada. The specific epithet "unicolor" suggests uniform coloration, though detailed morphological descriptions are limited in available sources. The species has been documented in Serbia, Austria, and several Canadian provinces including New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec.
Ptinidae spider-beetles stored-product-pests Palearctic Nearctic
Epeorus punctatus
Epeorus punctatus is a species of flat-headed mayfly in the family Heptageniidae. The species was originally described by McDunnough in 1925 under the genus Iron before being transferred to Epeorus. It is known from North America within the Nearctic region. Like other members of the genus, it likely inhabits flowing water environments where the nymphs cling to submerged substrates.
mayfly Ephemeroptera Heptageniidae Nearctic North-America aquatic-insect
Ephemera blanda
common burrower mayfly
Ephemera blanda is a species of burrower mayfly in the family Ephemeridae, characterized by its fossorial lifestyle in aquatic sediments. The species inhabits running waters in the southeastern Nearctic region. As with other members of the genus Ephemera, adults are short-lived and primarily focused on reproduction.
mayfly burrower aquatic-insect benthic Ephemeridae Nearctic
Ephemerella aurivillii
spiny crawler mayfly
Ephemerella aurivillii is a spiny crawler mayfly in the family Ephemerellidae with a strict one-year life cycle. The species occurs across northern regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, northern Asia, and North America. Research in Norway demonstrated that its distribution and growth rates are strongly temperature-dependent, with populations expanding following hydropower-induced warming of previously cold streams.
mayfly Ephemeroptera Ephemerellidae freshwater univoltine bioindicator hydropower-impact palearctic nearctic northern-distribution
Ephemerella dorothea infrequens
Pale Morning Dun
Ephemerella dorothea infrequens is a subspecies of mayfly in the family Ephemerellidae, commonly known as the Pale Morning Dun. It is an aquatic insect whose nymphal stage inhabits freshwater environments. The species is recognized as an important food source for trout and is frequently imitated by fly fishers using artificial flies. It was described by McDunnough in 1924 and is accepted as a valid subspecies within the Ephemerella dorothea complex.
mayfly Ephemeroptera aquatic-insect fly-fishing trout-food Nearctic
Ephemerella tibialis
Little Western Dark Hendrickson
Ephemerella tibialis is a species of spiny crawler mayfly described by McDunnough in 1924. It belongs to the family Ephemerellidae, a group known for their distinctive spiny or tuberculate body ornamentation. The species is found in North America and is recognized among anglers by the common name Little Western Dark Hendrickson, indicating its importance as a model organism for fly-fishing.
Ephemeroptera Ephemerellidae spiny-crawler-mayfly North-America Nearctic fly-fishing McDunnough-1924
Ephemerella verruca
Ephemerella verruca is a species of mayfly in the family Ephemerellidae, described by Allen and Edmunds in 1965. It belongs to the order Ephemeroptera, a group of aquatic insects commonly known as mayflies. The species is recorded from the Nearctic region, specifically North America. Like other members of its genus, it has an aquatic larval stage and terrestrial adult stage.
mayfly Ephemeroptera Ephemerellidae Nearctic North-America
Epimetopus
hooded shore beetles
Epimetopus is a New World genus of semiaquatic beetles commonly known as hooded shore beetles, comprising 56 species ranging from Argentina to Arizona and Arkansas. The genus was revised in 2012, with 36 new species described and new collection records provided for 15 previously described species. Species diversity is concentrated in South America (37 species) and areas north of South America (17 species), with only two species known from both regions. The genus is absent from the Amazon basin and is divided into seven species groups based on morphological characters.
Coleoptera Epimetopidae semiaquatic Neotropical Nearctic pronotal-hood
Epimetopus thermarum
Epimetopus thermarum is a water beetle in the family Epimetopidae, described by Schwarz and Barber in 1918. It is one of approximately 60 described species in the genus Epimetopus, which are specialized aquatic beetles found in the Americas. The species name "thermarum" (Latin for "of warm springs") suggests an association with thermal or warm-water habitats. Members of this genus are known for their distinctive morphology adapted to aquatic environments.
water-beetle aquatic-beetle warm-springs Nearctic Neotropical
Epinotia solandriana
Birch Leafroller Moth
Epinotia solandriana is a small tortricid moth with a wingspan of 16–21 mm, distributed across Europe, Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Russia), and North America. Adults fly from July to September and show considerable variation in forewing coloration and pattern. Larvae are specialized leaf rollers on birch, hazel, and willow, folding leaves to create shelters while feeding.
leaf-roller birch tortricidae univoltine palearctic nearctic
Epinotia trigonella
Birch Epinotia Moth
A small tortricid moth with a wingspan of 16–21 mm, found across Europe, the eastern Palearctic, and North America. Adults are active in late summer. The species is tightly associated with birch, with larvae feeding within folded or spun leaves.
Tortricidae Olethreutinae birch foliage-feeder Palearctic Nearctic
Epipagis disparilis
Epipagis disparilis is a moth in the family Crambidae, subfamily Spilomelinae. It was described by Dyar in 1910. The species is known from a limited geographic range in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Based on iNaturalist records, it has been documented from at least 16 observations.
crambid-moth spilomeline Nearctic desert-fauna border-species
Epiphragma arizonense
Epiphragma arizonense is a crane fly species described by Alexander in 1946. The species is known from the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Like other members of the genus Epiphragma, it is distinguished by distinctive wing patterning and male genitalia morphology. The male was redescribed and illustrated in a 2012 taxonomic review of North American Epiphragma species.
crane-fly Limoniidae Diptera Nearctic Neotropic Arizona Mexico Sinaloa Chihuahua Alexander-1946 taxonomic-review-2012 male-genitalia wing-patterning
Epiphragma fasciapenne
Band-winged Crane Fly
Epiphragma fasciapenne is a species of limoniid crane fly native to North America. It is commonly known as the Band-winged Crane Fly, a name derived from the distinctive wing pattern that characterizes this species. The species was first described by Thomas Say in 1823 and is among the more frequently observed crane flies in its range, with over 2,800 citizen science records. It belongs to the family Limoniidae, a diverse group of crane flies often found in moist woodland habitats.
crane-fly limoniid Nearctic band-winged North-America
Epirrhoe alternata
Common Carpet Moth, White-banded Toothed Carpet
A small to medium-sized geometrid moth with distinctive banded wing patterns. The species exhibits broad geographic distribution across the Palearctic, Near East, and North America. Adults are active primarily in spring and early summer. The species is well-documented with over 27,000 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is frequently encountered and relatively conspicuous.
geometridae larentiinae carpet-moth palearctic nearctic spring-moth bedstraw-feeder
Eprhopalotus
Eprhopalotus is a genus of small parasitoid wasps in the family Eulophidae, first described by Girault in 1916. The genus comprises five described species, all named by Hansson in 2004 except for the type species E. purpureithorax. These wasps occur from Costa Rica and Mexico north to Texas. The synonym Aabacharis has been applied specifically to E. hansoni, resulting in dual nomenclature for that species.
parasitoid Chalcidoidea Nearctic Neotropical
Erasmoneura emeljanovi
Erasmoneura emeljanovi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described in 2007. It belongs to a genus of small, often colorful leafhoppers distributed primarily in the Nearctic region. The species is part of the diverse Erythroneurini tribe, whose members feed on plant phloem sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts. Like other Erasmoneura species, it likely inhabits herbaceous vegetation and woody plants. Detailed biological studies on this particular species remain limited.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Nearctic phloem-feeder
Erasmoneura margaritae
Erasmoneura margaritae is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Dmitriev and Dietrich in 2007. It belongs to the large and diverse subfamily Typhlocybinae, which contains many economically important agricultural pests. The genus Erasmoneura is part of the tribe Erythroneurini, a group of small, often colorful leafhoppers found primarily in the Nearctic region. As with other members of its family, this species possesses piercing-sucking mouthparts adapted for feeding on plant vascular tissues.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha Nearctic
Eratoneura bella
Eratoneura bella is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by McAtee in 1920. As a member of the Typhlocybinae subfamily, it belongs to a group of small, plant-feeding insects known for their specialized mouthparts and, in many species, production of brochosomes—nanoparticles that create water-repellent and anti-reflective coatings. The genus Eratoneura is part of the diverse Erythroneurini tribe, which contains numerous Nearctic leafhopper species.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Erythroneurini Nearctic Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha brochosomes nanoparticles plant-feeder McAtee-1920
Eremocoris ferus
Eremocoris ferus is a species of seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, commonly known as dirt-colored seed bugs. The species was first described by Thomas Say in 1832 under the basionym Pamera ferus. It occurs across North America with documented records from both the United States and Canada.
seed-bug dirt-colored-seed-bug true-bug North-America Nearctic
Erigone capra
Erigone capra is a species of sheet-web weaving spider in the family Linyphiidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1884. The species is known from North America and Eurasia, with records spanning from western Canada to Russia. As a member of the dwarf spider family, it constructs flat, horizontal webs close to the ground in vegetation. Taxonomic status varies between sources: Catalogue of Life treats it as accepted, while GBIF lists it as a synonym of Erigone dentigera.
spider Linyphiidae sheet-web-weaver dwarf-spider Palearctic Nearctic taxonomic-uncertainty
Erinnyis
Erinnyis is a genus of sphinx moths (Sphingidae) established by Jacob Hübner in 1819, containing approximately 11 species distributed across the Americas. Several species, notably E. ello and E. alope, are significant agricultural pests whose larvae feed on economically important plants including cassava, rubber, and papaya. The genus is characterized by medium to large hawkmoths with robust bodies and relatively narrow forewings. Eggs of E. ello are known to be parasitized by multiple Trichogramma wasp species.
Sphingidae hornworm agricultural-pest cassava rubber papaya Neotropical Nearctic hawkmoth Trichogramma
Erinnyis crameri
Cramer's sphinx
Erinnyis crameri, commonly known as Cramer's sphinx, is a small moth in the family Sphingidae. First described by William Schaus in 1898, this species occurs across a broad geographic range spanning northern South America, Central America, and the southern United States. It belongs to the genus Erinnyis, which contains several sphinx moth species with similar distributions. The species is relatively well-documented through observation records, with over 460 observations on iNaturalist.
Sphingidae sphinx-moth Neotropical Nearctic 1898-description William-Schaus
Eriocraniella
Eriocraniella is a genus of small moths in the family Eriocraniidae, established by Viette in 1949. The genus contains eight species divided into two subgenera: Eriocraniella and Disfurcula. These moths are characterized by their diminutive size and relatively broad wings. The genus is restricted to the Nearctic region.
eriocraniidae primitive-moths nearctic small-moths genus
Eriophora edax
Eriophora edax is a species of orb-weaving spider in the family Araneidae. The species occurs from the United States southward through the Neotropics to Brazil. Like other members of the genus Eriophora, it constructs large orb webs for prey capture. The species was originally described as Epeira edax by Blackwall in 1863.
spider orb-weaver Neotropical Nearctic
Erioptera venusta
Erioptera venusta is a species of limoniid crane fly in the family Limoniidae. It is currently treated as a synonym of Ilisia venusta. The species occurs in the Nearctic region, with records from Canada and the United States.
Diptera Limoniidae crane-fly Nearctic synonym
Erioptera vespertina
Erioptera vespertina is a species of crane fly in the family Limoniidae, first described by Osten Sacken in 1860. It belongs to a large genus of small, delicate flies commonly known as limoniid crane flies. The species is documented from the Nearctic region with records spanning eastern and central North America. Like other members of Limoniidae, it is presumed to have aquatic or semi-aquatic larval stages, though specific life history details for this species remain poorly documented.
crane-fly Limoniidae Nearctic Diptera Erioptera
Eristalis arbustorum
Eurasian Drone Fly, European Drone Fly
Eristalis arbustorum is a sexually dimorphic hoverfly species in the family Syrphidae. Females closely mimic small, dark mining bees (Andrenidae), while males exhibit less specific mimicry of wasps and other yellow-black Hymenoptera. The species is abundant across the Northern Hemisphere and has been introduced to North America. Adults are important pollinators that visit diverse flowering plants, while larvae are aquatic filter-feeders known as 'rat-tailed maggots' due to their elongated posterior breathing siphon. The species is known to be migratory in Europe, with populations overwintering in sheltered locations such as cave entrances.
hoverfly syrphidae bee-mimic migratory pollinator rat-tailed-maggot sexual-dimorphism Batesian-mimicry introduced-species Palaearctic Nearctic wetland aquatic-larva
Eristalis bellardii
Mexican mountain drone fly
Eristalis bellardii is an uncommon syrphid fly species first described in 1867. It is found in the Southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America. The species exhibits Batesian mimicry of honeybees, with adults visiting flowers for nectar and pollen. Larval biology remains unknown.
Syrphidae hoverfly bee-mimic Batesian-mimicry pollinator montane Nearctic Neotropical
Errastunus ocellaris
Errastunus ocellaris is a grass-feeding leafhopper in the tribe Paralimnini, widespread across the Palearctic region and present in North America with both native and adventive populations. In the Nearctic region, the species occurs as native populations in northwestern North America (Alaska, Yukon, Northwest Territories, British Columbia) and as adventive populations in eastern North America, where it has undergone documented range expansion from the Great Lakes region eastward since the 1960s. Molecular data confirm it as a distinct species from the native North American E. sobrinus, with which it shows evidence of mitochondrial introgression in some specimens.
leafhopper grass-feeding adventive-species range-expansion mitochondrial-introgression Paralimnini Palearctic Nearctic