Nearctic
Guides
Errhomus lineatus idahoensis
Errhomus lineatus idahoensis is a subspecies of leafhopper described by Oman in 1987. It belongs to the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Errhomeninae, a group of small, often inconspicuous planthoppers and leafhoppers. The subspecies is distributed in the Pacific Northwest region of North America, with records from Idaho, Oregon, Washington, California, and British Columbia. Like other members of its family, it is presumed to feed on plant sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Errhomus paradoxus
Errhomus paradoxus is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Errhomeninae, described by Oman in 1987. It belongs to the tribe Bathysmatophorini, a group of leafhoppers characterized by distinctive morphological features. The species is known from limited collection records in Washington state. As with many members of the genus Errhomus, detailed biological information remains scarce.
Errhomus praedictus
Errhomus praedictus is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Hamilton & Zack in 1999. It belongs to the subfamily Errhomeninae, a group of leafhoppers characterized by distinctive morphological features. The species is known from Washington State in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. As a member of the Membracoidea superfamily, it shares the piercing-sucking mouthparts typical of Hemiptera.
Errhomus similis sobrinus
Errhomus similis sobrinus is a subspecies of leafhopper described by Oman in 1987. It belongs to the family Cicadellidae (leafhoppers), subfamily Errhomeninae, and tribe Bathysmatophorini. This subspecies is part of a group of Nearctic leafhoppers in the genus Errhomus, which are generally associated with coniferous and mixed forest habitats. The subspecies designation indicates geographic differentiation from the nominate form E. similis similis.
Erronus camensis
Erronus camensis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described in 1999 from Montana. It belongs to the subfamily Errhomeninae and tribe Bathysmatophorini. The species is known from limited collection records in the western United States.
Erronus serratus
Erronus serratus is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Errhomeninae, described by Oman in 1987. The genus Erronus belongs to the tribe Bathysmatophorini, a group of small to medium-sized leafhoppers primarily distributed in the Nearctic region. Errhomeninae leafhoppers are generally associated with herbaceous vegetation and are characterized by distinctive genitalia structures used in species identification. E. serratus is one of several species in this genus, with the specific epithet likely referring to serrated features of the male genitalia or body structures.
Erynnis
duskywings, duskywing skippers
Erynnis is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae, commonly known as duskywings. The genus exhibits high species diversity in the Nearctic region, with species also present across the Palearctic and Neotropical ecozones. Duskywings are medium-sized, fast-flying butterflies with dark, often brown or blackish wings that typically lack bright coloration. Many species are difficult to distinguish from one another and require examination of wing pattern details or genitalia for reliable identification.
Erythroneura anfracta
Erythroneura anfracta is a species of microleafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Beamer in 1929. It belongs to the genus Erythroneura, a diverse group of small, often colorful leafhoppers commonly known as microleafhoppers. The species is part of the Typhlocybinae subfamily, which includes many economically important agricultural pests. Like other members of its genus, E. anfracta is likely associated with woody vegetation, though specific host plant relationships remain undocumented.
Erythroneura carinata
Erythroneura carinata is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Dmitriev and Dietrich in 2007. It belongs to the diverse genus Erythroneura, which contains numerous species commonly known as grape leafhoppers and related microleafhoppers. Many Erythroneura species are economically significant pests of vineyards and orchards, though specific information on E. carinata's biology and pest status remains limited in the available literature.
Eschatomoxys
Eschatomoxys is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, subfamily Pimeliinae, tribe Edrotini. The genus was established by Blaisdell in 1935 and is distributed in the Nearctic region. As a member of the Edrotini, it belongs to a tribe of arid-adapted tenebrionids often associated with desert and semi-desert environments. The genus has received taxonomic revision but published biological details remain limited.
Etainia ochrefasciella
Hard Maple Budminer Moth
Etainia ochrefasciella is a small moth in the family Nepticulidae, commonly known as the Hard Maple Budminer Moth. The species was originally described as Ectoedemia ochrefasciella by Chambers in 1873 and later transferred to the genus Etainia by Puplesis et al. in 1996. As a member of the Nepticulidae, it is part of a family of minute moths whose larvae typically mine plant tissues.
Ethelgoda texanana
Ethelgoda texanana is a small tortricid moth in the subfamily Olethreutinae, tribe Grapholitini. The species was described from Texas in 1879 and belongs to a genus containing approximately five described species distributed in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. As a member of the Grapholitini, it is likely associated with woody plants, though specific biological details remain poorly documented in published literature.
Euarestoides abstersus
Euarestoides abstersus is a small fruit fly in the family Tephritidae, restricted to the Bahamas and eastern North America. As a member of the genus Euarestoides, it belongs to a group of six recognized species distributed across the Americas. The species was first described by Loew in 1862. Published literature indicates that host plant and detailed biological data exist but have not been widely disseminated in accessible sources.
Euarestoides acutangulus
Euarestoides acutangulus is a species of fruit fly in the family Tephritidae, one of six recognized species in the genus Euarestoides. It has the broadest geographic distribution of any species in the genus, occurring across much of the Americas from Canada to Chile. The species is associated with plants in the Asteraceae family, particularly Ambrosia (ragweeds) and related genera. Larval development occurs within the flower heads of host plants.
Eublemma recta
Straight-lined Seed Moth
Eublemma recta is a small moth in the family Erebidae, first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. It occurs across the southeastern United States, the Caribbean, and extends south to Argentina. The species has a wingspan of 16–19 mm. Larvae are specialized feeders on plants in the family Convolvulaceae.
Eucalantica polita
Eucalantica polita is a micro-moth in the family Yponomeutidae, first described by Walsingham in 1881. It represents one of the few Nearctic species in the genus Eucalantica, which is otherwise predominantly Neotropical in distribution. The species is restricted to Pacific coastal regions of western North America.
Euchaetes albicosta
Euchaetes albicosta is a moth in the family Erebidae, subfamily Arctiinae. Described by Francis Walker in 1855, this species occurs from Texas southward through Mexico to Nicaragua. The specific epithet 'albicosta' refers to a white costal margin on the forewing. Little is known about its biology compared to the better-studied congener Euchaetes egle (milkweed tiger moth).
Eucosma baggetti
Eucosma baggetti is a species of tortricid moth in the tribe Eucosmini, described from New Mexico in 2008. The species is named in honor of a collector. As with many Eucosma species, it likely belongs to a species group characterized by similar genital morphology. The species remains poorly known beyond its original description.
Eugnamptus striatus
Eugnamptus striatus is a species of leaf-rolling weevil in the family Attelabidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1876. The species name "striatus" refers to striated or lined surface sculpturing. Like other members of this family, adults are associated with leaf manipulation behaviors for larval development, though specific details for this species remain poorly documented. The genus Eugnamptus comprises approximately 50 species distributed primarily in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions.
Eugnophomyia luctuosa
Eugnophomyia luctuosa is a species of limoniid crane fly in the family Limoniidae, order Diptera. It was described by Osten Sacken in 1860. The species is distributed across the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, with records from the United States, Mexico, Guatemala, and Colombia. Like other crane flies in this family, it belongs to a diverse group of delicate, long-legged flies commonly found in moist habitats.
Eugnoriste
black fungus gnat
Eugnoriste is a genus of black fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) established by Coquillett in 1896. In the Nearctic region, the genus includes seven species, four of which were described as new to science in a 2017 taxonomic revision: E. brachycostalis, E. florea, E. hirsuta, and E. ptilosis. The genus is characterized by distinctive morphological features that separate it from other sciarid genera, though detailed ecological and life history information remains limited.
Eugonobapta nivosaria
Snowy Geometer Moth, Snowy Geometer
Eugonobapta nivosaria, commonly known as the Snowy Geometer Moth, is a species of geometrid moth found in eastern North America. The species was first described by Guenée in 1857 and is recognized by its distinctive white or pale coloration. It is a well-documented species with over 3,600 observations recorded on iNaturalist, indicating it is relatively common and conspicuous within its range. The moth occurs in deciduous and mixed forest habitats where its larvae feed on various woody plants.
Eulasiona
Eulasiona is a genus of tachinid flies established by Townsend in 1892. The genus currently contains 12 described species distributed primarily in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. As members of the family Tachinidae, these flies are parasitoids, though specific host associations for most Eulasiona species remain undocumented. The genus is classified in the subfamily Dexiinae and tribe Voriini.
Eulia ministrana
Ferruginous Eulia Moth
Eulia ministrana is a tortricid moth with a broad Palearctic and Nearctic distribution. Adults are active in late spring and early summer, with a single annual generation. Larvae develop as leaf-rollers on various deciduous trees and shrubs. The species has been studied for its population response to industrial pollution, showing that abundance decline may occur without detectable morphological stress indicators.
Eulichadidae
Forest Stream Beetles
Eulichadidae is a small family of beetles within Elateriformia, comprising two extant genera with contrasting distributions: Eulichas (Indomalayan realm, Asia) and Stenocolus (Western North America). Adults are terrestrial, while larvae are obligately aquatic in forest streams. The family exhibits notable ecological divergence between genera in habitat use and adult behavior.
Eulimnichus
minute marsh-loving beetles
Eulimnichus is a genus of minute marsh-loving beetles in the family Limnichidae, established by Casey in 1889. The genus contains over 30 described species distributed across North, Central, and South America. Members are small beetles associated with moist or marshy habitats. The genus is part of the subfamily Limnichinae within the dryopoid beetle lineage.
Eulimnichus ater
minute marsh-loving beetle
Eulimnichus ater is a species of minute marsh-loving beetle in the family Limnichidae, first described by LeConte in 1854. The species is widely distributed across the Americas, occurring in the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America. As a member of the Limnichidae, it belongs to a family of small beetles typically associated with moist or marshy habitats, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in the available literature.
Eulithis mellinata
The Spinach
Eulithis mellinata, commonly known as The Spinach, is a moth in the family Geometridae. Its distribution across the Palearctic and Nearctic regions is patchy and locally restricted due to dependence on a specialized larval food plant. The species is fairly common in England and Wales but rare in Scotland and Ireland. Adults are nocturnal and attracted to light.
Eulonchus marginatus
jewelled spider fly
Eulonchus marginatus is a species of small-headed fly in the family Acroceridae, commonly known as a jewelled spider fly. The species has a Nearctic distribution and is known to visit flowers from over ten different plant families. Like other members of the genus, adults exhibit metallic coloration and serve as pollinators, while larvae are parasitoids of spiders.
Eumetopiella
Eumetopiella is a genus of picture-winged flies (Diptera: Ulidiidae) established by Hendel in 1907. The genus contains four described species: E. engeli, E. fascipennis, E. rufipes, and E. varipes. Members of this genus possess the characteristic patterned wings typical of Ulidiidae. The immature stages of E. rufipes have been studied, though detailed biological information for the genus remains limited.
Eumorpha
sphinx moths, hawk moths
Eumorpha is a New World genus of sphinx moths (Sphingidae) comprising 26 described species distributed primarily across North, Central, and South America. The genus is characterized by variable larval eyespots—circular markings on the posterior body segments that function in predator deterrence. Molecular phylogenetic studies indicate Eumorpha originated in Central and South America and subsequently expanded into North America. Adults are medium to large hawkmoths with rapid, agile flight; many species are crepuscular or nocturnal flower visitors. Larvae are hornworms that feed primarily on members of the grape family (Vitaceae), though host plant associations vary among species.
Eumorpha typhon
Typhon Sphinx, Typhon Sphinx Moth
Eumorpha typhon, commonly known as the Typhon Sphinx, is a moth in the family Sphingidae. It ranges from Honduras through Mexico to southern Arizona. Adults are active from June to August in the northern part of the range and feed on nectar. Larvae develop on grape species and pupate in shallow soil.
Euodynerus schwarzi
Euodynerus schwarzi is a Nearctic species of potter wasp in the family Vespidae, first described by Krombein in 1962. As a member of the mason wasp genus Euodynerus, it likely exhibits the typical solitary nesting behavior characteristic of Eumeninae, though specific life history details remain poorly documented. The species is distinguished from congeners by subtle morphological features and geographic distribution patterns.
Euparia castanea
Euparia castanea is an aphodiine dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. The species is distributed across Central America and North America, with records from Mexico through Central America to Florida and Texas in the United States. As a member of the tribe Eupariini, it belongs to a group of scarab beetles often associated with ant colonies.
Eupeodes americanus
American hoverfly, Long-tailed Aphideater
Eupeodes americanus, the American hoverfly, is a Nearctic aphidophagous hoverfly commercialized in Canada as a biological control agent for aphid management. Adults feed on nectar and pollen, while larvae are voracious predators of aphids, with one larva consuming approximately 2,000 aphids during development. The species is notable for its ability to remain active at low temperatures (12–18°C) where other biocontrol agents become inactive. It has been evaluated as a biocontrol agent for greenhouse and field crops including sweet pepper, cucumber, cotton, soybeans, melons, and potatoes.
Eupeodes latifasciatus
Broad-banded Aphideater, meadow field syrph
Eupeodes latifasciatus is a small hoverfly with wing length 6.5–8.5 mm, distinguished by yellow markings fused into bands on abdominal segments three and four. Adults feed on nectar from diverse flowers and serve as pollinators. Larvae are aphid predators, feeding on aphids and scale insects (Hemiptera). The species has a broad distribution across the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions, with flight activity primarily from May to September.
Euphoria devulsa
Euphoria devulsa is a species of flower chafer beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. The species was described by Horn in 1880 and is accepted as valid. It belongs to the genus Euphoria, a group of colorful scarab beetles commonly known as flower chafers or bumble flower beetles. Members of this genus are known for their bee-mimicking flight behavior and attraction to fermenting sap flows on trees.
Euphoria discicollis
pocket gopher flower beetle
Euphoria discicollis is a flower scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. It is commonly known as the pocket gopher flower beetle. The species is distributed across the south-central United States, including Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas. Like other Euphoria species, it is likely associated with flowers and sap flows, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Euphorticus pubescens
Euphorticus pubescens is a ground beetle in the family Carabidae, described by Dejean in 1831. Records indicate presence in Brazil, Mexico, Guatemala, Cuba, and the United States (including North Carolina). The species belongs to the tribe Lachnophorini, a group of small to medium-sized carabids often associated with ground-dwelling habits in various terrestrial habitats.
Eupithecia intricata
Freyer's Pug Moth
Eupithecia intricata, commonly known as Freyer's Pug Moth, is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. The species occurs across a broad geographic range spanning Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, China, and North America. As a member of the genus Eupithecia, it is characterized by the narrow wings and distinctive resting posture typical of "pug" moths. The species was first described by Zetterstedt in 1839 under the basionym Larentia intricata.
Eupleurus subterraneus
Eupleurus subterraneus is a scarab beetle species originally described by Linnaeus in 1758. Formerly classified in the genus Aphodius, it was reassigned to Eupleurus based on taxonomic revision. The species has been recorded across Europe, Asia, and North America, with two recognized subspecies: the nominate E. s. subterraneus and E. s. krasnojarskicus described from Russia in 1986. As a member of the dung beetle subfamily Aphodiinae, it likely participates in nutrient cycling through association with decomposing organic matter.
Eupogonius tomentosus
Tomentous Longhorned Beetle
Eupogonius tomentosus is a longhorned beetle (Cerambycidae) described by Haldeman in 1847. It is one of approximately 40 species in the genus Eupogonius, which is characterized by small to medium-sized beetles with dense pubescence. The species has not been evaluated for conservation status. It occurs in Canada and the United States, excluding Hawaii and Alaska.
Eupsophulus
Eupsophulus is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, first described by Cockerell in 1906. The genus is native to the Nearctic region, with observations concentrated in western North America. As a member of Tenebrionidae, it belongs to a large and diverse family of beetles adapted primarily to arid and semi-arid environments. The genus contains multiple species, though detailed biological studies remain limited.
Eurema daira
Barred Yellow, Fairy Yellow, Barred Sulphur
Eurema daira is a small pierid butterfly exhibiting seasonal diphenism, with distinct wet and dry season morphs. The species ranges from Argentina northward through Central America, the Caribbean, and into the southern United States. Adults are active year-round in southern portions of the range, with notable dry-season emigration behavior where wet-season morphs (particularly females) move upslope 40–50 km and up to 2,000 m higher in elevation. The species has been documented as a principal pollinator of Cnidoscolus urens.
Europiella angulata
Europiella angulata is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, first described by Uhler in 1895. It belongs to the genus Europiella, a group of small mirid bugs distributed primarily in the Nearctic region. The species has been recorded across western North America from Canada through the western United States.
Eurrhyparodes splendens
Eurrhyparodes splendens is a small crambid moth described by Herbert Druce in 1895. It is distinguished by striking metallic steel-blue bands bordering the wing margins and yellowish-white transverse lines on both forewings and hindwings. The species occurs from the southwestern United States through Mexico to Central America. Adults have been recorded active in July, September, and December.
Eurybunus
Eurybunus is a genus of harvestmen (Opiliones) in the family Globipedidae, established by Nathan Banks in 1893. The genus contains four described species: E. brunneus, E. pallidus, E. riversi, and E. spinosus. All species are endemic to the Western United States. Taxonomic placement has been disputed, with some sources historically placing the genus in Sclerosomatidae, though current consensus recognizes Globipedidae.
Eurycercus longirostris
Eurycercus longirostris is a Holarctic cladoceran crustacean first described by Hann in 1982. A 2011 taxonomic revision synonymized E. vernalis with E. longirostris due to lack of morphological and genetic justification for their separation. The species has a broader distributional range than previously recognized and belongs to the subgenus Eurycercus (Eurycercus). As a member of the Eurycercidae family, it shares characteristics with other chydorid-like cladocerans including a rounded carapace and specialized feeding appendages.
Eurygarka
moth-flies
Eurygarka is a genus of moth-flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) containing three Nearctic species. The genus was established by Quate in 1959 and includes E. helicis (Dyar) and two recently described species from the southeastern United States: E. cyphostylus and E. nelderi. Adults of both sexes are known for all three species.
Eurylophella bicolor
bicolor spiny crawler mayfly
Eurylophella bicolor is a species of spiny crawler mayfly in the family Ephemerellidae, originally described as Ephemerella bicolor by Clemens in 1913. The species is distributed across the Nearctic region, particularly in North America. Like other members of the genus Eurylophella, it is associated with freshwater aquatic habitats during its nymphal stages.