Epinotia trigonella
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Birch Epinotia Moth
A small tortricid with a wingspan of 16–21 mm, found across Europe, the eastern Palearctic, and North America. are active in late summer. The is tightly associated with birch, with larvae feeding within folded or spun leaves.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Epinotia trigonella: /ɛpɪˈnoʊtiə ˌtraɪɡoʊˈnɛlə/
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Identification
Small size and late summer period help distinguish from some . Association with birch is diagnostic. Forewing pattern resembles several other Epinotia ; genitalia examination may be required for definitive identification. The combination of size, timing, and plant specificity separates it from most similar European tortricids.
Images
Appearance
Small with wingspan 16–21 mm. Forewings typically show muted brown and grey patterning with variable darker markings. Wing shape relatively broad with slightly pointed apex. Resting posture with wings held roof-like over body, typical of Tortricidae.
Habitat
Associated with birch stands and woodlands. Larvae occur on birch trees where leaves are available for feeding.
Distribution
Europe (widespread), east through the eastern , and North America. GBIF records confirm presence in Belgium with regional distribution across Flemish, Walloon, and Brussels-Capital regions.
Seasonality
on wing August to September. Single per year inferred from period.
Diet
Larvae feed on Betula (birch). They feed between folded or spun leaves of their plant.
Host Associations
- Betula - larval food plantLarvae feed between folded or spun leaves
Life Cycle
Complete with , larva, pupa, and stages. Larval development occurs on birch, with feeding protected within folded or spun leaves. presumably occurs in leaf litter or soil, though not explicitly documented. Adults emerge in late summer.
Behavior
Larvae construct shelters by folding or spinning birch leaves. are and attracted to light.
Ecological Role
Herbivore on birch, contributing to leaf damage in birch . Serves as prey for . Part of the tortricid guild associated with deciduous hardwood forests.
Human Relevance
Minor forestry pest on birch; damage generally insignificant. Of interest to lepidopterists and naturalists. No significant economic impact documented.
Similar Taxa
- Other Epinotia speciesSimilar size and wing pattern; require genitalia dissection or association for separation
- Other OlethreutinaeShared characteristics; E. trigonella distinguished by specificity and timing
More Details
Original description
Originally described as Phalaena trigonella by Linnaeus in 1758, later transferred to Epinotia.