Tortricid Moths

Tortricidae

Classification

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Tortricidae: /tɔːrˈtrɪsɪdiː/

These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.

Images

Homona aquila by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.
Neoanathamna cerinus by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.
Tortrix clemensiana by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.
Eucosma consociana by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.
Neoanathamna cerinus by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.
Tortrix clemensiana by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Summary

The Tortricidae, known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, are an economically important family of moths with widespread distribution and diverse feeding habits. Many species are pests that impact agriculture, particularly fruit production.

Physical Characteristics

Tortricid moths are generally small with a wingspan of 3 cm or less. They often exhibit drab coloration with mottled and marbled brown colors, although some diurnal species are brightly colored.

Identification Tips

The commonest elements of forewing maculation vary by tribe but are often used for identification. Many species have a habit of resting with folded wings, producing a rounded profile.

Habitat

Tortricidae are widely distributed in various habitats, often found on host plants like fruit trees, ornamental trees, and other vegetation where they can feed and complete their life cycle.

Distribution

Tortricidae are found worldwide; there are 1,393 species in certain areas, with over 10,000 species described globally.

Diet

Larvae feed on a variety of plant species. Many are polyphagous, feeding on Dicotyledons, Gymnosperms, or very rarely on Monocotyledons. Examples of plants include apples and pears which are commonly affected by pest species like the codling moth.

Life Cycle

Eggs are often flattened and scale-like. Larvae in the subfamilies Chlidanotinae and Olethreutinae may bore into plant tissues, while Tortricinae larvae roll leaves to feed externally.

Reproduction

Details on reproductive methods are not specified in the text.

Predators

Not explicitly mentioned, but many are important in controlling pest species within agriculture.

Ecosystem Role

Many tortricids play a significant role in ecosystems as herbivores, affecting plant health and growth. Some species are used as biological controls of other pests.

Economic Impact

Some species like the codling moth are economically significant pests in agriculture, especially in apple cultivation, leading to extensive use of insecticides historically.

Evolution

The Tortricidae family is the sole member of the superfamily Tortricoidea. Olethreutidae is a junior synonym of Tortricidae, indicating evolutionary relationships.

Similar Taxa

Tags

  • moths
  • Lepidoptera
  • pests
  • Tortricidae
  • agriculture