Caribbean
Guides
Elateropsis scabrosus
Elateropsis scabrosus is a species of long-horned beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Gahan in 1890. It belongs to the subfamily Prioninae and tribe Solenopterini. The species has been recorded from the Caribbean and North America, with specific distribution records from the Bahamas and Cuba. Relatively few observations exist in citizen science databases, suggesting it may be infrequently encountered or underreported.
Electrostrymon hugon
Ruddy Hairstreak
Electrostrymon hugon, commonly known as the Ruddy Hairstreak, is a species of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. The species was described by Godart in 1824 based on a specimen from Haiti. It is currently treated as a synonym of Electrostrymon endymion by GBIF, though it remains recognized as a distinct species by other sources including NCBI and iNaturalist. The species is part of the hairstreak group within the Lycaenidae, characterized by small size and often intricate wing patterns.
Empicoris orthoneuron
thread-legged bug
Empicoris orthoneuron is a thread-legged assassin bug in the family Reduviidae, characterized by its elongated, slender body form adapted for predation. The species has been recorded across a broad geographic range spanning Central America, North America, and South America. It is one of many small, nocturnal predatory insects attracted to ultraviolet light sources. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Empicoris errabundus in some taxonomic databases.
Empyreuma
spotted oleander caterpillar moth
Empyreuma is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae, containing three species. The genus name derives from the Greek ἐμπύρευμα, meaning "a live coal covered with ashes." Adults exhibit striking aposematic coloration with orange and black patterns that mimic stinging wasps. Larvae feed exclusively on oleander (Nerium oleander), a toxic plant containing cardiac glycosides that the caterpillars sequester for their own defense. The genus is notable for its acoustic courtship behavior, with males producing sounds detected by female tympanic organs.
Empyreuma pugione
Spotted Oleander Caterpillar Moth, Spotted Oleander Moth
Empyreuma pugione, the spotted oleander caterpillar moth, is a day-flying tiger moth native to the Caribbean region that was introduced to Florida in 1978. The adult moth exhibits striking orange and black aposematic coloration and wasp-like appearance, while the larvae feed on oleander (Nerium oleander) and other Apocynaceae. Both life stages sequester cardiac glycosides from their host plants, making them unpalatable to predators. The species is considered less destructive than its congener Syntomeida epilais due to solitary feeding habits and lower population densities.
Enallagma cardenium
purple bluet
Enallagma cardenium, commonly known as the purple bluet, is a narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It occurs in the Caribbean and North America. The species holds a Least Concern conservation status with stable populations.
Enallagma doubledayi
Atlantic bluet
Enallagma doubledayi, the Atlantic bluet, is a narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It occurs in the Caribbean and North America. The species was described by Selys in 1850 and is currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, with a stable population as of the 2017 assessment.
Enicospilus cubensis
A species of ichneumon wasp in the genus Enicospilus, described from Cuba in 1863. Belongs to the family Ichneumonidae, a diverse group of parasitoid wasps. The genus Enicospilus contains numerous species distributed across various regions, with E. cubensis being one of the few species with a documented Caribbean distribution. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to be a koinobiont parasitoid, though specific host relationships for this species remain undocumented.
Enigmogramma antillea
Enigmogramma antillea is a noctuid moth described by Becker in 2001. It is known from Cuba and Puerto Rico, with a single documented specimen collected in Collier County, Florida in 2012 representing a vagrant or potential range extension. The species is characterized by relatively small forewings measuring 14–16 mm, with distinctive coloration useful for identification.
Enigmogramma basigera
Pink-washed Looper, Pink-washed Looper Moth
Enigmogramma basigera, commonly known as the pink-washed looper, is a noctuid moth first described by Francis Walker in 1865. It is a relatively small moth with a wingspan of 28–33 mm. The species is notable for its limited larval records—only two specimens have been documented, both reared on Hydrocotyle umbellata. It belongs to the subfamily Plusiinae, a group often referred to as loopers due to their characteristic looping locomotion as caterpillars.
Enochrus hamiltoni
Enochrus hamiltoni is a water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae, originally described from Florida in 1890. The species has been recorded across much of North America, with recent documentation from Cuba representing the first Caribbean record outside the United States. It inhabits shallow, temporary ponds with muddy substrates and emergent vegetation.
Enteucha basidactyla
Enteucha basidactyla is a minute moth in the family Nepticulidae, one of the smallest families of moths. It occurs in the Neotropical and Nearctic regions, with records from southwestern Florida, Dominica, Belize, and Ecuador. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in size, with females notably larger than males. It is a leaf-mining specialist on seagrape (Coccoloba uvifera) in Caribbean populations.
Entomobrya ligata
slender springtail
Entomobrya ligata is a species of slender springtail in the family Entomobryidae. It belongs to the order Entomobryomorpha, one of the major lineages of springtails (Collembola). The species was described by J.W. Folsom in 1924. Like other members of its genus, it possesses a slender body form and the characteristic furcula (springing organ) that enables the jumping locomotion typical of springtails. The species has been recorded from North America and the Caribbean mainland.
Epargyreus zestos
zestos skipper, rusty skipper
Epargyreus zestos is a species of dicot skipper butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It occurs in the Caribbean and North America. A recognized subspecies, E. zestos inaguarum, has been described. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are known for constructing silk shelters from folded leaves.
Ephyriades
Ephyriades is a genus of skipper butterflies in the family Hesperiidae, subfamily Pyrginae. The genus was established by Hübner in 1819. All species are restricted to Central America and the Caribbean region. Several species are commonly referred to as duskywings due to their dark wing coloration.
Erythrodiplax fervida
Red-mantled Dragonlet
Erythrodiplax fervida, commonly known as the Red-mantled Dragonlet, is a small dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. The species occurs in the Caribbean and South America, with records from Cuba, Colombia, and Mexico. It is one of five Antillean Erythrodiplax species found in Cuba. The last instar larva was formally described in 2007, filling a gap in the taxonomic knowledge of Cuban dragonflies. The IUCN lists the species as Least Concern with a stable population.
Ethmia nivosella
Ethmia nivosella is a small moth in the family Ethmiidae (Depressariidae in some classifications), distributed across the West Indies from Jamaica and eastern Cuba to the Bahamas and Puerto Rico, with possible occurrence in Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Trinidad. The species exhibits distinctive metallic purplish-bronze coloration on the forewings against a whitish hindwing ground color. Adults are active during multiple periods throughout the year, with flight records from January to March, July, and October depending on location.
Ethmia submissa
Ethmia submissa is a small moth in the family Ethmiidae, found in the Caribbean and southern Florida. The species is one of approximately 50 Ethmia species known north of Mexico, with most occurring in the southwestern United States. Adults are active during multiple periods throughout the year, with flight times varying by region. The species is notable for its distinctive wing pattern that distinguishes it from similar congeners.
Eupyrrhoglossum sagra
Cuban Sphinx
Eupyrrhoglossum sagra is a medium-sized sphinx moth (Sphingidae) native to tropical and subtropical lowlands of the Caribbean and Central and South America. Adults have a wingspan of 51–53 mm and display distinctive wing patterning including a semi-transparent submarginal spot on the forewing and a median yellow band on the hindwing. The species was first described by Felipe Poey in 1832 based on Cuban specimens. Larvae feed on Rubiaceae species, with documented hosts including Guettarda and Chomelia.
Eurhopalothrix floridana
Eurhopalothrix floridana is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae, originally described by Brown & Kempf in 1960. It belongs to the genus Eurhopalothrix, a group of small, cryptic ants within the Attini tribe. The species is known from the Dominican Republic, with records from the Jardín Botánico Nacional in Santo Domingo de Guzmán. Very little biological information has been published about this species; it has been mentioned in taxonomic literature primarily in comparative studies of male morphology.
Euryscelis suturalis
Euryscelis suturalis is a longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae) and the sole species in its genus. It was originally described by Olivier in 1795 under the name Callidium suturale. The species occurs in the Caribbean and North America. Despite its distinctive taxonomic placement as the only member of Euryscelis, published ecological and behavioral information remains sparse.
Euschistus acuminatus
Euschistus acuminatus is a species of stink bug in the family Pentatomidae. The species is distributed in the Caribbean Sea and North America, including the conterminous United States. Like other members of the genus Euschistus, it is part of a group commonly referred to as brown stink bugs. Specific ecological and behavioral details for this species remain poorly documented in available literature.
Euschistus crassus
Euschistus crassus is a species of stink bug in the family Pentatomidae. It occurs in North America and the Caribbean region. As a member of the genus Euschistus, it belongs to a group commonly referred to as brown stink bugs, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented in available literature.
Euschistus obscurus
Pale-lined Stink Bug
Euschistus obscurus, commonly known as the pale-lined stink bug, is a species in the family Pentatomidae. It occurs across the Caribbean, Central America, and North America. As a member of the genus Euschistus, it belongs to a group often referred to as brown stink bugs, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain limited in published literature.
Eustala
humpbacked orb-weavers
Eustala is a genus of orb-weaver spiders in the family Araneidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. As of November 2024, the genus contains 87 species distributed primarily across the Americas, from the United States through Central America to South America, with highest diversity in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Several species have been documented exhibiting specialized ecological relationships, including myrmecophily (living among ants) in Central American species that inhabit ant-defended acacia plants. The genus includes the well-known humpbacked orb-weaver, Eustala anastera, found across North and Central America.
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htperchroostnestdenburrowtunneldigexcavateminequarryextractremoveeliminateeradicateexterminatedestroydemolishruinwreckdamageharminjurehurtwoundmaimcripplelamedisableincapacitateparalyzestunshockastonishamazeastoundstaggerstupefydazebewilderconfusepuzzleperplexbafflemystifyenigmaEustrophopsis bicolor
Eustrophopsis bicolor is a species of polypore fungus beetle in the family Tetratomidae. It is characterized by distinctive antennal coloration that serves as a key identification feature. The species occurs in the Caribbean and North America, including records from Manitoba, Canada.
Eutelia furcata
Florida eutelia moth
Eutelia furcata, commonly known as the Florida eutelia moth, is a small noctuid moth first described by Francis Walker in 1865. The species has a wingspan of approximately 30 mm and occurs across the southern United States through Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. It is a member of the family Euteliidae within the superfamily Noctuoidea.
Eutelia pyrastis
Eutelia pyrastis is a moth species in the family Euteliidae, first described by Hampson in 1905. It is distributed across the Caribbean Sea and North America. The species has been assigned MONA/Hodges number 8968.1, indicating its inclusion in North American moth faunal inventories. Its taxonomic placement has been subject to revision, with some authorities placing it in the genus Marathyssa.
Exosphaeroma diminutum
Exosphaeroma diminutum is a small marine isopod in the family Sphaeromatidae, described by Menzies and Frankenberg in 1966. The species epithet 'diminutum' reflects its notably small body size relative to congeners. Like other Exosphaeroma species, it belongs to a group of crustaceans commonly known as marine pillbugs or rolly pollies, which are relatives of terrestrial isopods. The species has been recorded from Saint Thomas in the Caribbean region.
Falconia maculipennis
Falconia maculipennis is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, described by Maldonado in 1969. It is known from Puerto Rico. As a member of the Miridae, it belongs to a large family of true bugs commonly referred to as plant bugs or leaf bugs, many of which are associated with vegetation.
Fissicrambus minuellus
Fissicrambus minuellus is a species of grass moth in the family Crambidae, described by Francis Walker in 1863. It is distributed across the Caribbean and southeastern United States, with records from Honduras, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Florida. As a member of the subfamily Crambinae, it likely exhibits the slender body form and grass-associated habits characteristic of this group.
Flatoidinus punctatus
Flatoidinus punctatus is a planthopper species in the family Flatidae, characterized by its flattened, often leaf-like body form typical of flatid planthoppers. The species was described by Walker in 1851 and occurs in the southeastern United States and Cuba. Like other flatids, adults possess wings that fold tent-like over the body, and nymphs produce waxy filaments for protection. The specific epithet 'punctatus' refers to punctate (spotted or dotted) markings on the body.
Florinda coccinea
Black-tailed Red Sheetweaver, Scarlet Sheetweb Weaver, Red Grass Spider
Florinda coccinea is a small, vividly colored sheetweb-weaving spider in the family Linyphiidae. It is the sole species in its genus. The spider is notable for its bright red body with black accents, particularly a distinctive black tubercle on the rear of the abdomen. Despite its striking coloration, it is rarely observed due to its minute size (3-3.5 mm body length) and the near-invisibility of its fine silk webs. The species occurs in grasslands, lawns, and agricultural fields across the southeastern United States, with records extending north to New England and west to Kansas, plus Mexico and the West Indies.
Folsomia stella
Folsomia stella is a species of springtail in the family Isotomidae, first described from North America in 1977. It belongs to a genus of small, elongate Collembola commonly found in soil and leaf litter habitats. The species has been recorded from multiple geographic regions including Arctic and sub-Arctic zones, Caribbean mainland, Hawaii, northern North America, and Pacific North America. Like other Folsomia species, it is likely a decomposer in soil ecosystems, though specific ecological studies on this species are limited.
Gertschosa
Gertschosa is a genus of ground spiders in the family Gnaphosidae, established by Norman I. Platnick and M. U. Shadab in 1981. The genus contains four species distributed across the Caribbean, Central America, and southern North America. Its members are nocturnal hunting spiders that do not construct webs for prey capture.
Gesneria
Gesneria is a genus of approximately 50–62 species of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae, native primarily to Caribbean islands with rare South American exceptions. The genus is distinguished by woody shrub or subshrub habit and alternate leaf arrangement—unusual in the family where decussate leaves are typical. Gesneria is classified in tribe Gesnerieae alongside Bellonia, Pheidonocarpa, and Rhytidophyllum. The genus exhibits high endemism in Caribbean biodiversity hotspots, with many species restricted to single mountain ranges or islands.
Glaphyria decisa
Glaphyria decisa is a species of snout moth in the family Crambidae, subfamily Glaphyriinae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1866. The species occurs across Central America, the Caribbean, and into South America.
Gnaphosa sericata
Gnaphosa sericata is a ground spider species in the family Gnaphosidae, first described by L. Koch in 1866. The species occurs across a broad geographic range spanning North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. Records indicate presence from the United States through Mexico, Guatemala, and Cuba, with additional documentation from Canada, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. As a member of Gnaphosidae, it belongs to a family characterized by active hunting behavior and the production of silk retreats rather than prey-capture webs.
Gonatista
Grizzled Mantises
Gonatista is a genus of praying mantises in the family Epaphroditidae, distributed across North America and the Caribbean. The genus contains five recognized species that are morphologically similar and difficult to distinguish based on coloration and body size alone. Species-level identification relies primarily on the morphology of the external copulatory apparatus. The most well-known member is Gonatista grisea, commonly called the Grizzled Mantis.
Gonoporomiris mirificus
Gonoporomiris mirificus is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae. It has been recorded from the Caribbean region, Mexico, and the southeastern United States. The species was described by Distant in 1893. Like other mirids, it belongs to the true bug suborder Heteroptera and possesses the characteristic piercing-sucking mouthparts of this group.
Grammonota
Grammonota is a genus of dwarf spiders in the family Linyphiidae, first described by James Henry Emerton in 1882. The genus contains approximately 40-41 species distributed across the Americas, from Alaska in the north to Colombia in the south. Species occur in diverse habitats including the United States, Canada, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. The genus is part of the sheet-web weaving spiders, though specific web-building behaviors vary among species.
Habronattus brunneus
Habronattus brunneus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1901. It occurs in the United States and Caribbean, including the Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Hispaniola, and the Virgin Islands. Males discriminate between substrate-borne cues from females based on age and mating status, spending more time exploring cues from mature, non-mated females. Populations exhibit differing prey colour biases, with some showing strong avoidance of red prey and others showing no colour bias.
Habroscelimorpha
Habro Tiger Beetles
Habroscelimorpha is a genus of tiger beetles in the family Cicindelidae, established by Dokhtouroff in 1883. The genus historically contained approximately seven species distributed across the Neotropical and Nearctic regions, though recent taxonomic revisions have transferred most Neotropical species to other genera. Species remaining in Habroscelimorpha are primarily associated with coastal and saline habitats, including salt marshes, mud flats, and sandy beaches. Several species exhibit strong attraction to ultraviolet light, a trait that distinguishes them from many other tiger beetle genera and facilitates nocturnal observation and collection.
Halictus poeyi
Poey's Furrow Bee
Halictus poeyi is a primitively eusocial sweat bee in the family Halictidae, commonly known as Poey's furrow bee. The species exhibits notable geographic variation in colony cycle phenology: northern and central Florida populations are univoltine with annually brooded colonies, while southern Florida and Florida Keys populations are multivoltine with continuously brooded colonies. This plasticity appears driven by environmental conditions rather than genetic differentiation. Males form nighttime roosting clusters on vegetation, showing area fidelity within approximately 1.5 meters. The species is morphologically indistinguishable from Halictus ligatus, requiring genetic or detailed behavioral analysis for separation.
Halocoryza arenaria
Halocoryza arenaria is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Philip Darlington in 1939. The species is brown in coloration and has a broad geographic distribution spanning the Neotropics, Africa, and the Caribbean. It belongs to the tribe Clivinini within the scaritine ground beetles.
Haplopus scabricollis
Mayer's Walkingstick
Haplopus scabricollis is a Caribbean walkingstick known as Mayer's Walkingstick. It inhabits island and coastal environments in the Caribbean Sea and southern Florida, including the Florida Keys, Dry Tortugas, Cayman Islands, and Swan Islands. The species shows a restricted insular distribution pattern characteristic of many Caribbean phasmids.
Hemiblabera tenebricosa
Broad Keys Cockroach
Hemiblabera tenebricosa is a species of cockroach in the family Blaberidae, commonly known as the Broad Keys Cockroach. It occurs in the Caribbean region and southeastern United States, with documented records from Florida, the Bahamas, and Haiti. As a member of Blaberidae, it belongs to a family of primarily tropical and subtropical cockroaches, many of which exhibit ovoviviparous reproduction.
Hermetia sexmaculata
Hermetia sexmaculata is a species of soldier fly in the family Stratiomyidae. It is one of several species in the genus Hermetia, which includes the well-studied black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). The species name "sexmaculata" refers to six spots, likely describing a distinctive marking pattern on the adult fly. Like other soldier flies, adults are typically wasp-mimics with dark coloration.
Hexeris
Hexeris is a genus of moths in the family Thyrididae. The genus includes the seagrape borer (Hexeris enhydris), a species native to Florida and the Caribbean whose larvae bore into twigs of seagrape and pigeon-plum.
Hexeris enhydris
Seagrape borer
A moth in the family Thyrididae whose larvae bore into the twigs of seagrape and pigeon-plum, causing damage to these coastal plants. Native to Florida and the Caribbean, it is primarily known for its larval boring behavior rather than adult activity. The species has been studied for its economic impact on ornamental and native coastal vegetation.