People usually talk about aphids like they are already explained. Tiny green bugs. Bad for the roses. Spray them, squish them, move on. That is not wrong. It is just a very small version of the story.
Hemiptera
Learn the real difference between bugs and insects, including what makes a “true bug” unique and why not all insects qualify as bugs.
Guides
Belostoma
giant water bugs, electric-light bugs, toe-biters
Belostoma is a genus of giant water bugs in the family Belostomatidae, comprising approximately 70 species organized into 16 subgroups. These aquatic predators are native to freshwater habitats throughout the Americas, with highest diversity in tropical South America. The genus is distinguished by male paternal care, where males carry eggs cemented to their backs until hatching. Species range in body length from 15 to 41.5 mm.
Belostoma confusum
Belostoma confusum is a species of giant water bug in the family Belostomatidae, described by Lauck in 1959. As a member of this family, it is an aquatic predator found in freshwater habitats. The species occurs in North America and Middle America based on distribution records. Like other Belostoma species, it possesses raptorial forelegs adapted for capturing prey and likely exhibits the reversed sexual size dimorphism characteristic of the genus, where females are larger than males and males carry eggs on their backs.
Belostoma fusciventre
Belostoma fusciventre is a species of giant water bug in the family Belostomatidae, first described by Dufour in 1863. Like other members of the genus Belostoma, it is an aquatic predator inhabiting freshwater environments. The species is known from Middle America and North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain limited in available literature.
Belostoma minor
giant water bug
Belostoma minor is a species of giant water bug in the family Belostomatidae. It occurs in the northern Caribbean bioregion, with documented records from Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and southern Florida. Like other members of its genus, it is an aquatic predator. The species was described by Palisot de Beauvois in 1820.
Belostoma testaceum
giant water bug
Belostoma testaceum is a species of giant water bug in the family Belostomatidae. It is found in the eastern United States, ranging from New York south to southern Florida and west to Texas and Michigan. Like other members of its family, it is an aquatic predator inhabiting freshwater environments.
Belostomatidae
giant water bugs, toe-biters, Indian toe-biters, electric-light bugs, alligator ticks, alligator fleas
Belostomatidae is a family of large freshwater hemipteran insects comprising approximately 170 species worldwide. Members are the largest insects in the order Hemiptera, with some species exceeding 12 cm in length. They are aggressive predators found in ponds, marshes, and slow-flowing streams, feeding on aquatic invertebrates, fish, amphibians, and even small vertebrates. The family exhibits remarkable paternal care, with males of many species carrying eggs on their backs until hatching. Several species are consumed as food in Southeast Asia.
Berytidae
stilt bugs, thread bugs
Berytidae, commonly known as stilt bugs or thread bugs, is a family of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) characterized by exceptionally long, slender legs and elongated bodies. The family contains approximately 200 species worldwide, classified into three subfamilies: Berytinae, Gampsocorinae, and Metacanthinae. Members range from 3-10 mm in length and display coloration from brown to yellow. While most species are phytophagous, feeding on plant sap, some exhibit predatory behavior on small insects. Several species are economically significant as pests of cultivated crops, particularly tomatoes and tobacco, where feeding damage can cause flower abortion, fruit distortion, and unsalable produce.
Berytinus minor
common stiltbug
Berytinus minor is a stilt bug (family Berytidae) native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia that has been introduced to North America. The species exhibits wing polymorphism, occurring in both long-winged and short-winged forms with associated morphological differences in the pronotum. It is strongly associated with white clover (Trifolium repens) as a food plant and has been studied in detail at introduced populations in New York State.
Bisulcopsallus pallidus
Bisulcopsallus pallidus is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, described by Schuh in 2006. The genus Bisulcopsallus belongs to the diverse family of true bugs known for their plant-feeding habits. This species is known from Arizona, USA, though detailed biological information remains limited in published literature. As a member of Miridae, it likely exhibits typical characteristics of the family including small size, membranous wings with distinct venation, and piercing-sucking mouthparts adapted for feeding on plant fluids.
Blissidae
Chinch Bugs and Allies
Blissidae is a family of true bugs (Hemiptera) comprising over 400 species in nearly 50 genera. Members are elongate insects, typically four to seven times as long as broad, with many species exhibiting short-winged forms. All species feed on plant sap, primarily from grasses (Poaceae) and sedges (Cyperaceae), with most living between leaf sheaths. The family was elevated from subfamily status within Lygaeidae by Thomas Henry in 1997. Several species are significant agricultural pests, notably Blissus leucopterus (true chinch bug), which damages corn and other cereal crops.
Blissus
chinch bugs
Blissus is a genus of true bugs (Hemiptera: Blissidae) comprising approximately 27 species, commonly known as chinch bugs in North America. Several species are significant agricultural pests: B. leucopterus (true chinch bug) attacks cereal crops including wheat, corn, and sorghum; B. occiduus (western chinch bug) damages warm-season turfgrasses, particularly buffalograss and zoysiagrass; and B. insularis (southern chinch bug) is a major pest of St. Augustine grass. These species exhibit strong host preferences for grasses and can cause substantial economic damage through phloem feeding.
Blissus arenarius
Blissus arenarius is a species of true bug in the family Blissidae, first described by Barber in 1918. It is a member of the chinch bug genus Blissus, which contains several economically significant agricultural pests. The species is known to occur in North America and has two recognized subspecies: B. a. arenarius and B. a. maritimus. Like other Blissus species, it is associated with grassland and sandy habitats.
Blissus barberi
Blissus barberi is a species of chinch bug in the family Blissidae, described by Leonard in 1968. It belongs to a genus containing several economically significant pests of cereal crops and turfgrass. The species is part of a taxonomic group whose members are characterized by piercing-sucking mouthparts and association with grasses. Specific biological and ecological details for B. barberi remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Blissus canadensis
Blissus canadensis is a species of true bug in the family Blissidae, described by Leonard in 1970. It belongs to a genus containing several economically important chinch bug species that are pests of turfgrass and agricultural crops. The species is recorded from the northern Great Plains region of North America.
Blissus insularis
Southern Chinch Bug
Blissus insularis, the southern chinch bug, is a true bug in the family Blissidae that is a major pest of St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum). It is native to North America and has been introduced to Oceania, including Hawaii. The species harbors specialized midgut crypts that host dense populations of Burkholderia bacterial symbionts, which are essential for host fitness and development. It is economically significant as a turfgrass pest, causing damage through piercing-sucking feeding that leads to yellowing and death of grass patches.
Blissus leucopterus hirtus
Hairy Chinch Bug
Blissus leucopterus hirtus is a subspecies of chinch bug recognized as a significant pest of grain crops, particularly wheat. It is distinguished from the nominate subspecies B. l. leucopterus by morphological features including denser body hair. The taxon is included in quarantine pest lists due to its potential for economic damage and invasive spread. Mathematical modeling indicates high probability of acclimatization in southern and central regions of Russia.
Blissus minutus
Blissus minutus is a small true bug in the family Blissidae, described by Blatchley in 1925. The species is poorly documented in available sources, with minimal published information on its biology, ecology, or economic significance. It belongs to a genus containing several economically important chinch bug species that damage cereal crops and turf grasses, though B. minutus itself has not been specifically implicated in agricultural pest literature.
Blissus occiduus
Western Chinch Bug
Blissus occiduus, the western chinch bug, is a phloem-feeding true bug (Hemiptera: Blissidae) that is a significant pest of warm-season turfgrasses, particularly buffalograss and zoysiagrass. The species exhibits strong host preference hierarchies, with buffalograss being the most preferred host followed by zoysiagrass, though it can survive and reproduce on a broad range of grasses including agronomic crops. Field studies have documented inconsistent control with neonicotinoid insecticides, with thiamethoxam showing particularly rapid degradation in buffalograss tissues compared to imidacloprid and clothianidin.
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ere-spherecollective-sphere-sphere-spherecommunity-sphere-sphere-spheresocietal-sphere-sphere-sphereglobal-sphere-sphere-spherelocal-sphere-sphere-spherenational-sphere-sphere-sphereregional-sphere-sphere-spherelandscape-sphere-sphere-sphereseascape-sphere-sphere-spherewaterscape-sphere-sphere-sphereairscape-sphere-sphere-spherebiosphere-sphere-sphere-spherenoosphere-sphere-sphere-spheretechnosphere-sphere-sphere-spheresociosphere-sphere-sphere-sphereecosphere-sphere-sphere-spherehydrosphere-sphere-sphere-sphereatmosphere-sphere-sphere-spherelithosphere-sphere-sphere-spherepedosphere-sphere-sphere-spherecryosphere-sphere-sphere-sphereanthroposphere-sphere-sphere-sphereBlissus sweeti
Blissus sweeti is a species of true bug described by Leonard in 1968. It belongs to the family Blissidae, a group commonly known as chinch bugs. The species has been documented in Central America and North America. Like other members of the genus Blissus, it is likely associated with grassland or agricultural habitats, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Bolteria luteifrons
Bolteria luteifrons is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, first described by Knight in 1921. It is one of several North American species in the genus Bolteria, which are small predatory or phytophagous true bugs. The species has been documented across eastern and central North America, with Canadian records confirmed in Ontario. Male genitalia morphology has been illustrated in taxonomic revisions to aid species identification.
Bonneyana
Bonneyana is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Deltocephalinae, and tribe Platymetopiini. The genus was established by Oman in 1949. Members of this genus are small to medium-sized Hemiptera with characteristic leafhopper morphology. The genus is part of the diverse leafhopper fauna of North America, with species distributed primarily in the western and southwestern United States.
Bonneyana terminalis
Bonneyana terminalis is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, originally described as Idiodonus terminalis by Ball in 1937. It belongs to the tribe Platymetopiini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae, a diverse group of plant-feeding insects commonly known as sharpshooters or leafhoppers. The genus Bonneyana is a small taxon within this tribe, with limited published information on its biology and distribution.
Bothriocera cognita
Bothriocera cognita is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, described by Caldwell in 1943. It belongs to the tribe Bothriocerini, a group characterized by distinctive morphological features within the Cixiinae subfamily. The species has been documented across multiple eastern and midwestern U.S. states based on occurrence records. As with other cixiid planthoppers, it likely exhibits a life cycle involving root-feeding nymphal stages and winged adult dispersal.
Bothriocera knulli
Bothriocera knulli is a small planthopper in the family Cixiidae, described by Caldwell in 1943. It belongs to the tribe Bothriocerini and is found in the southwestern United States, specifically Arizona and Texas. Like other cixiids, it is a phloem-feeding insect associated with vascular plants. The species epithet honors Joseph Knull, a prominent American coleopterist who described many western North American beetles.
Bothriocera tex
Bothriocera tex is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, first described by Kramer in 1983. It belongs to the tribe Bothriocerini within the subfamily Cixiinae. The species is known from Texas and Belize based on distribution records. As a member of the Cixiidae, it is a small, typically cryptically colored insect that feeds on plant phloem sap.
Bothriocera transversa
Bothriocera transversa is a species of planthopper in the family Cixiidae, first described by Caldwell in 1943. It belongs to the tribe Bothriocerini within the subfamily Cixiinae. The species is known from Florida, USA, where it inhabits its native range. As a member of the Fulgoromorpha, it is a true bug with piercing-sucking mouthparts typical of this group.
Bothriocerini
Bothriocerini is a tribe of planthoppers within the family Cixiidae, first described by Muir in 1923. Members are small to medium-sized fulgoromorphans characterized by specific wing venation patterns and genitalic structures that distinguish them from related cixiid tribes. The tribe is primarily distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, with documented presence across multiple continents. Bothriocerini species are associated with diverse plant hosts and contribute to ecosystem processes as herbivores and potential vectors of plant pathogens.
Bothynotus
Bothynotus is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Fieber in 1864. The genus contains approximately 14 described species distributed across Europe and North America. Species have been described from the 19th century through 1985, with several additions by T. Henry in 1979. The genus is part of the diverse mirid fauna but remains relatively poorly studied compared to some larger mirid genera.
Botocudo modestus
dirt-colored seed bug
Botocudo modestus is a species of dirt-colored seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, a group of true bugs characterized by their generally dull coloration and seed-feeding habits. The species was described by Barber in 1948 and is known from North America, with records primarily from the United States. As a member of the Antillocorini tribe, it belongs to a lineage of rhyparochromid bugs that are typically associated with ground-level habitats and seed resources.
Brachyrhynchus
Brachyrhynchus is a genus of true bugs in the family Aradidae (flat bugs). These insects are characterized by their dorsoventrally flattened bodies and are typically found in association with decaying wood and bark habitats. The genus has been documented in 467 iNaturalist observations. Taxonomic placement has been historically confused, with some sources previously associating the name with weevils (Curculionidae), but current consensus places Brachyrhynchus within Hemiptera: Aradidae.
Brachyunguis
Brachyunguis is a genus of aphids in the family Aphididae, established by Das in 1918. It belongs to the tribe Aphidini within the subfamily Aphidinae. The genus contains relatively few described species and has been documented from limited geographic regions.
Brachyunguis bonnevillensis
Brachyunguis bonnevillensis is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae, first described by Knowlton in 1928. It belongs to the genus Brachyunguis, a group of aphids associated with woody hosts. The species is poorly documented in modern literature and lacks comprehensive biological study. Available records indicate it is a valid but rarely encountered taxon.
Brenda
Brenda is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Megophthalminae, established by Oman in 1941. It belongs to the tribe Megophthalmini within the infraorder Cicadomorpha. The genus is part of the diverse Membracoidea superfamily, which includes many sap-feeding insects associated with vascular plants.
Brochymena dilata
Brochymena dilata is a species of rough stink bug in the family Pentatomidae, described by Ruckes in 1939. It is one of 20 species retained in the genus Brochymena following the 1992 revision by Larivière, which redefined the genus and erected the new genus Parabrochymena for 10 related taxa. As a member of the endemic New World genus Brochymena, B. dilata exhibits the cryptic bark-like appearance typical of rough stink bugs. Like congeners, it is not considered an agricultural pest and is primarily associated with woody vegetation.
Brochymena myops
rough stink bug, tree stink bug
Brochymena myops is a species of rough stink bug native to North America, belonging to the genus Brochymena commonly known as "tree stink bugs" for their bark-like camouflage. The species ranges from Quebec to Florida and westward through the central United States to Texas. Adults are active during warm periods throughout the year, including winter sunny days, and are frequently mistaken for the invasive brown marmorated stink bug. Like other Brochymena species, B. myops is not considered an agricultural or household pest.
stink-bugnativepredatorypine-forestcamouflagewinter-activenon-pestrough-stink-bugtree-stink-bugHemipteraPentatomidaeBrochymenaNorth-Americacentral-United-Statessoutheastern-United-Statesconifer-associatedbark-mimicryoverwintering-adultsingle-generationdecaying-wood-inhabitantbeneficial-insectHalyiniStål-1872Heteropteratrue-bugBrochymena parva
Brochymena parva is a small stink bug species described by Ruckes in 1946. It belongs to the genus Brochymena, a group commonly known as rough stink bugs due to their textured exoskeletons. The species occurs in both Central America and North America. It is one of the less documented members of its genus, with limited published biological information.
Brooksetta
Brooksetta is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Kelton in 1979. The genus contains approximately 13 described species, all native to North America. These insects are small, soft-bodied true bugs within the order Hemiptera. As members of Miridae, they possess piercing-sucking mouthparts characteristic of the family.
Brooksetta malvastri
Brooksetta malvastri is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, described by Knight in 1968. The specific epithet "malvastri" suggests an association with plants in the genus Malvastrum or related Malvaceae, though detailed biological information remains limited. The species is recorded from California and Arizona in the southwestern United States. As a member of Miridae, it is a true bug with piercing-sucking mouthparts, but specific ecological details are sparse in the available literature.
Bruchomorpha abrupta
Bruchomorpha abrupta is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Ball in 1935. It belongs to a genus characterized by distinctive morphological features typical of this group of fulgoromorph hemipterans. The species has been documented across a broad geographic range in North America, with records from Colorado to Florida. As a member of the Caliscelidae, it is part of a family commonly known as piglet bugs or false planthoppers, though specific biological details for this species remain limited in the available literature.
Bruchomorpha decorata
Decorated Piglet Bug
Bruchomorpha decorata is a planthopper species in the family Caliscelidae, commonly known as the Decorated Piglet Bug. It was described by Metcalf in 1923. The species belongs to the genus Bruchomorpha, a group of small, often compact fulgoroid insects sometimes referred to as 'piglet bugs' due to their rounded body shape. Records indicate presence in the southwestern United States and central Mexico.
Bruchomorpha rugosa
Bruchomorpha rugosa is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Metcalf in 1923. It is currently recognized as a valid species, though it has been treated as a synonym of Fitchiella rugosa in some classifications. The genus Bruchomorpha belongs to the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. Like other caliscelid planthoppers, it is a small, jumping insect associated with herbaceous vegetation.
Bruchomorpha tenebrosa
Bruchomorpha tenebrosa is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, first described by Doering in 1940. It belongs to the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. The genus Bruchomorpha is part of the diverse Fulgoroidea superfamily, commonly known as planthoppers. This species has been recorded from Florida, though detailed biological information remains limited in the available literature.
Bruchomorpha vittata
Bruchomorpha vittata is a species of planthopper in the family Caliscelidae, described by Metcalf in 1923. The specific epithet "vittata" (meaning "striped" or "banded") suggests a striped color pattern on the body. Like other members of the genus Bruchomorpha, this species belongs to the tribe Peltonotellini within the subfamily Caliscelinae. Very little specific information about this species' biology, ecology, or distribution has been documented in the available literature.
Brunerella magnifica
Brunerella magnifica is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Young in 1952. As a member of the tribe Alebrini, it belongs to a group of small, often colorful leafhoppers that feed on plant phloem. The specific epithet "magnifica" suggests notable or striking appearance, though detailed morphological descriptions are scarce in the accessible literature. The species has been recorded from Cuba and Mexico based on distribution data.
Buenoa confusa
Buenoa confusa is a species of backswimmer (family Notonectidae) described by Truxal in 1953. It is distributed across the Caribbean, Central America, and North America. As a member of the genus Buenoa, it is an aquatic true bug that inhabits freshwater environments.
Buenoa margaritacea
Buenoa margaritacea is a backswimmer species in the family Notonectidae, first described by Torre-Bueno in 1908. As a member of the genus Buenoa, it shares the characteristic inverted swimming posture of backswimmers. The species has been documented in both Central and North America. Like other notonectids, it is an aquatic insect adapted to freshwater environments.
Burtinus
Burtinus is a genus of broad-headed bugs in the family Alydidae, established by Stål in 1860. The genus contains at least two described species: Burtinus luteomarginatus and Burtinus notatipennis. Members of this genus are found in the Americas, with records from southern North America through South America.
Cacama carbonaria
Downy Cactus-Dodger
Cacama carbonaria is a cicada species in the family Cicadidae, first described by Davis in 1919. It is one of several 'cactus dodger' cicadas in the genus Cacama, known for their association with cactus hosts. The species occurs in Central America, with records from Mexico including Michoacán, Morelos, and Oaxaca. Like other Cacama species, it likely shares the genus-typical traits of fast flight, alert behavior, and association with Opuntia and Cylindropuntia cacti.
Cacama dissimilis
Plateau Cactus-Dodger
Cacama dissimilis is a species of cicada in the family Cicadidae, commonly known as the Plateau Cactus-Dodger. It occurs in arid and semi-arid regions of western North America and Central America. Like other members of the genus Cacama, it is associated with cactus habitats. The species was originally described as Cicada dissimilis by Distant in 1881.
Cacama furcata
Baja California Cactus-Dodger
Cacama furcata is a cicada species in the family Cicadidae, first described by Davis in 1919. It is one of several 'cactus-dodger' cicadas in the genus Cacama, which are associated with arid environments and cactus hosts. The species is known from the Baja California peninsula and adjacent regions of Mexico. Like related Cacama species, it likely exhibits adaptations for life in xeric habitats including fast flight and specialized host plant associations.