Mexico
Guides
Enallagma durum
big bluet
Enallagma durum, the big bluet, is a species of narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It occurs in northern Mexico and the southern and eastern United States. The IUCN lists it as Least Concern with a stable population. As a member of the genus Enallagma, it shares characteristics with other bluet damselflies, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in published sources.
Eoreuma
Eoreuma is a genus of moths in the family Crambidae, first described by Ely in 1910. The genus contains 11 described species, with Eoreuma loftini (Mexican rice borer) being the most economically significant. This species is a major agricultural pest of sugarcane, rice, sorghum, and corn in the southern United States and Mexico, causing substantial yield losses through larval tunneling in stalks. The genus is native to the Americas, with several species described from the southwestern United States and Mexico.
Epeolus scutellaris
red-chested cuckoo nomad bee, Notch-backed Cellophane-cuckoo Bee
Epeolus scutellaris is a cleptoparasitic bee in the family Apidae. As a cuckoo bee, it does not construct nests or collect pollen, instead laying eggs in the nests of host bees. The species occurs in North America and Mexico. It is one of approximately 43 Epeolus species recognized in North America.
Epicaerus mexicanus
Brown Leaf Notcher, Mexican Root Weevil
Epicaerus mexicanus is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae, commonly known as the brown leaf notcher or Mexican root weevil. It is found in North America, with records from Mexico including states such as Guanajuato, Guerrero, and Oaxaca. The species belongs to the subfamily Entiminae, a diverse group of weevils often associated with feeding on plant foliage and roots.
Epiphragma arizonense
Epiphragma arizonense is a crane fly species described by Alexander in 1946. The species is known from the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Like other members of the genus Epiphragma, it is distinguished by distinctive wing patterning and male genitalia morphology. The male was redescribed and illustrated in a 2012 taxonomic review of North American Epiphragma species.
Episinus amoenus
cobweb spider
Episinus amoenus is a species of cobweb spider in the family Theridiidae, first described by Banks in 1911. It is found in the United States and Mexico. The species belongs to the genus Episinus, which is characterized by its distinctive web-building behavior and morphology.
Eremanthe
Chemsak's desert moth
Eremanthe is a monotypic genus of crambid moths containing a single species, Eremanthe chemsaki. The genus was described by Munroe in 1972. Adults are active during daylight hours and occur in spring. The genus is restricted to desert regions of California and Mexico.
Eremberga insignis
Eremberga insignis is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, described by Carl Heinrich in 1939. It is known from Texas and Mexico. The species has a wingspan of approximately 35 mm. The forewings show distinctive coloration with faint white dusting on the costal half and dull luteous ocherous shading on the lower half.
Eremopedes scudderi
Scudder's Shieldback
Eremopedes scudderi is a species of shield-backed katydid in the genus Eremopedes, family Tettigoniidae. It was described by Cockerell in 1898 and is found in North America, with distribution records from Mexico and the southwestern United States including Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. As a member of the shield-backed katydid group, it belongs to a lineage characterized by modified forewings that form a protective covering over the abdomen. The species is known from relatively few observations (47 records on iNaturalist), suggesting it may be uncommon or under-recorded.
Ericrocis
Ericrocis is a genus of kleptoparasitic bees in the family Apidae, commonly known as centris-cuckoo bees. The genus comprises at least four described species distributed in the southwestern United States and Mexico. As cuckoo bees, Ericrocis species do not construct their own nests but instead lay eggs in the nests of host bees, primarily in the genus Centris. The genus was established by Cresson in 1887 and belongs to the tribe Ericrocidini.
Erythrodiplax fervida
Red-mantled Dragonlet
Erythrodiplax fervida, commonly known as the Red-mantled Dragonlet, is a small dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. The species occurs in the Caribbean and South America, with records from Cuba, Colombia, and Mexico. It is one of five Antillean Erythrodiplax species found in Cuba. The last instar larva was formally described in 2007, filling a gap in the taxonomic knowledge of Cuban dragonflies. The IUCN lists the species as Least Concern with a stable population.
Escaphiella hespera
goblin spider
Escaphiella hespera is a species of goblin spider in the family Oonopidae, characterized by small body size and reduced eye structures typical of this spider family. The species was described by Chamberlin in 1924 and is known from the southwestern United States and Mexico. Like other oonopids, it likely inhabits leaf litter and soil microhabitats, though detailed ecological studies are lacking.
Esenbeckia delta
Esenbeckia delta is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae. Originally described as Pangonia delta by Hine in 1920, it was later transferred to the genus Esenbeckia. The species is known from the United States and Mexico. Like other tabanids, adults are likely blood-feeders, though specific host associations remain undocumented.
Essostrutha laeta
Essostrutha laeta is a longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Newman in 1840. It belongs to the subfamily Lamiinae and tribe Hemilophini. The species is known from a transcontinental range spanning Guatemala, Mexico, and the United States.
Estoloides
Estoloides is a genus of longhorn beetles in the subfamily Lamiinae, tribe Desmiphorini. The genus was established by Breuning in 1940 and contains approximately 40 described species distributed primarily in the Americas. Species are characterized by features typical of the tribe Desmiphorini, though genus-level diagnostic traits require specialist examination. The genus shows highest diversity in Mexico and Central America, with some species extending into South America and the Galápagos Islands.
Ethmia apicipunctella
Ethmia apicipunctella is a small moth in the family Depressariidae, found in southwestern North America and adjacent Mexico. The species is characterized by variable black spotting on white or pale gray forewings and whitish hindwings with brownish tinging toward the apical area. Adults are active from March to July. The genus Ethmia was formerly placed in Coleophoridae but is now classified in Depressariidae.
Ethmia semiombra
Ethmia semiombra is a small moth in the family Ethmiidae (Depressariidae in some classifications) found in Texas and Mexico. Adults exhibit a distinctive wing pattern with dark coloration on the costal half of the forewings contrasting with whitish, gray-tinged dorsal half. The species shows pronounced seasonality with adults active in February, May, June, September (Texas), and July (Tamaulipas), suggesting multiple generations per year. Two subspecies are recognized: E. s. semiombra in eastern Mexico and southern Texas, and E. s. nebulombra in the Yucatán.
Ethmia semitenebrella
Ethmia semitenebrella is a moth in the family Depressariidae, first described by Dyar in 1902. It is distributed across the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, with a bivoltine flight period from April to August. The species is characterized by distinct wing patterning with dark gray forewing costal halves contrasting with whitish gray dorsal halves. Larvae feed on Cercocarpus ledifolius and likely other Cercocarpus species.
Euantha litturata
Euantha litturata is a bristle fly in the family Tachinidae, first described by Olivier in 1811. It belongs to the subfamily Dexiinae and tribe Cordyligastrini. The species has been documented in North America with specific records from the United States, Mexico, and Guatemala.
Euchaetes
tussock moths, milkweed tussock moths, milkweed tiger moths
Euchaetes is a genus of arctiine tussock moths in the family Erebidae, described by Thaddeus William Harris in 1841. The genus includes species commonly known as milkweed tussock moths or milkweed tiger moths, many of which are specialized feeders on milkweed plants (Asclepiadaceae). Caterpillars of well-known species such as E. egle sequester cardiac glycosides from their host plants, making them unpalatable to predators. Adults of some species have evolved ultrasonic acoustic defenses against bat predation, representing a notable example of acoustic aposematism.
Eucyllus vagans
Eucyllus vagans is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. First described by Horn in 1876, this small beetle is found in western North America, with documented records from Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, and Baja California. As a member of the subfamily Entiminae, it possesses the characteristic short, broad snout typical of this group.
Eulithosia
Eulithosia is a genus of noctuid moths erected by Henry Edwards in 1884. The genus contains five described species distributed in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Taxonomic status remains contested, with some authorities treating it as a synonym of Antaplaga or Cirrhophanus, while others maintain it as valid. Species occur in arid and semi-arid regions of Arizona, California, Texas, Nevada, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.
Eumorsea
Ball's monkey grasshopper, Pinaleno monkey grasshopper
Eumorsea is a genus of monkey grasshoppers in the family Eumastacidae, established by Hebard in 1935. The genus contains at least three described species, including Eumorsea balli, Eumorsea pinaleno, and Eumorsea truncaticeps. These grasshoppers are found in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Members of Eumastacidae are characterized by their slender bodies and elongated hind legs adapted for jumping.
Eunota californica
California Tiger Beetle
Eunota californica, commonly known as the California Tiger Beetle, is a ground-dwelling beetle in the family Carabidae (subfamily Cicindelinae). The species was originally described as Cicindela californica by Ménétriés in 1843 and later transferred to the genus Eunota. It occurs in Mexico and the United States, with 55 iNaturalist observations documenting its presence. As a member of the tiger beetle group, it is likely a fast-running, visually-oriented predator, though specific behavioral studies for this species are limited.
Eunota fulgoris
Eunota fulgoris is a tiger beetle species in the subfamily Cicindelinae, originally described as Cicindela fulgoris by Casey in 1913. The species exhibits striking metallic coloration and is associated with saline or alkaline habitats in the southwestern United States and Mexico. A subspecies, E. fulgoris erronea, is endemic to the Willcox Playa area of Arizona's Sulfur Springs Valley. The species is known for its iridescent appearance, with remarkable iridescence even visible on the legs.
Euodynerus guerrero
Euodynerus guerrero is a mason wasp species in the subfamily Eumeninae, first described by de Saussure in 1857. The specific epithet refers to the Mexican state of Guerrero, where the species was likely first collected. Like other members of the genus, it is a solitary wasp that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring. The species is part of a diverse genus of potter and mason wasps distributed across the Americas.
Euodynerus hidalgo hidalgo
Euodynerus hidalgo hidalgo is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is one of three subspecies of E. hidalgo, distinguished by its coloration and distribution in the southern United States and Mexico. The wasp nests in pre-existing cavities such as mortar crevices, abandoned mud dauber nests, and old solitary bee burrows. Females provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars for their larval offspring.
Eupackardia
Eupackardia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Saturniidae, containing a single species, Eupackardia calleta (the calleta silkmoth). The genus was erected by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1912. The sole species is notable for its striking black-and-white wing pattern with red thoracic markings, and its caterpillars possess bright aposematic coloration with chemical defenses.
Eupackardia calleta
Calleta Silkmoth, Ocotillo Silkmoth
Eupackardia calleta, the Calleta silkmoth, is a distinctive Saturniidae species and the sole member of its genus. Found in the southwestern United States and Mexico, this moth is strongly associated with ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens), which serves as its primary larval host. Adults are nocturnal and attracted to light. The species is notable for its striking appearance and restricted distribution tied to desert and semi-arid habitats.
Euparia castanea
Euparia castanea is an aphodiine dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. The species is distributed across Central America and North America, with records from Mexico through Central America to Florida and Texas in the United States. As a member of the tribe Eupariini, it belongs to a group of scarab beetles often associated with ant colonies.
Euphilotes rita
Rita's Blue, rita blue, desert buckwheat blue
Euphilotes rita is a small lycaenid butterfly native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Adults are active from July through late September, with a single generation per year. The species exhibits strong ecological specialization on wild buckwheat (Eriogonum species) throughout its life cycle. Larvae are tended by ants, a characteristic mutualism within the Polyommatinae.
Euphoria casselberryi
Euphoria casselberryi is a species of flower scarab beetle in the subfamily Cetoniinae. It belongs to a genus known for colorful, bee-mimicking adults that are fast, erratic fliers with a distinctive flight mechanism where the elytra remain closed while the membranous hind wings deploy. The species was described by Robinson in 1937 and is known from limited records in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Euphoria fascifera
Euphoria fascifera is a species of flower scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. The species was described by LeConte in 1861. Two subspecies are recognized: E. f. fascifera (LeConte, 1861) and E. f. trapezium Casey, 1915. The genus Euphoria comprises colorful flower chafers known for their bee-mimicking flight behavior and attraction to sap flows and flowers.
Euphoria sonorae
Euphoria sonorae is a flower scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. It is a cryptic species that has been observed feeding on flower nectar. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico.
Eupithecia classicata
Eupithecia classicata is a geometrid moth described by Pearsall in 1909. It occurs in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, specifically in Arizona and Durango. The species belongs to the 'pug' moths, a group recognized by their narrow wings and distinctive resting posture. Larvae feed on Arbutus arizonica flowers or leaf buds. Adults have been observed visiting apple flowers, suggesting a potential role in nocturnal pollination.
Euproctinus abjectus
Euproctinus abjectus is a species of ground beetle described by Bates in 1883. It belongs to the family Carabidae, a diverse group of predatory beetles. The species has been documented in Guatemala, Mexico, and the United States. Available information on this species is limited, with only three observations recorded on iNaturalist.
Eurema boisduvaliana
Boisduval's Yellow
Eurema boisduvaliana, commonly known as Boisduval's yellow, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found from Costa Rica north to Mexico, with regular seasonal migration to southeastern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and southern Texas. Rare strays have been recorded in southern Florida. The species inhabits subtropical forests, forest edges, scrublands, roadsides, and pastures.
Eurema mexicana
Mexican yellow, wolf-face sulphur
Eurema mexicana is a medium-sized yellow butterfly in the family Pieridae, primarily distributed in Mexico with occasional northward strays into the southwestern and central United States. The species is distinguished by a distinctive black forewing border forming a 'wolf-face' or 'dog-face' pattern, and exhibits seasonal color variation on the wing underside. Males patrol hilltops and open areas seeking females throughout the day.
Eurychilopterella
Eurychilopterella is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Reuter in 1909. The genus comprises nine described species distributed primarily in North and Central America, with most species described from Mexico. Species in this genus are small, soft-bodied true bugs with piercing-sucking mouthparts typical of mirids. The genus was revised taxonomically in 1997, with several new species described from Mexican states.
Eusama amanda
Eusama amanda is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Ball in 1909. It belongs to the tribe Platymetopiini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The species is part of a genus whose members are associated with grassland and prairie habitats. Records indicate occurrence in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Eusattus convexus
Eusattus convexus is a darkling beetle species in the family Tenebrionidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1851. The species is known from Mexico and has been documented through 19 iNaturalist observations. As a member of Tenebrionidae, it likely inhabits arid or semi-arid environments typical of the genus, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Eusattus difficilis
Eusattus difficilis is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by LeConte in 1851. The genus Eusattus belongs to a diverse group of beetles commonly known as darkling beetles, which are primarily found in arid and semi-arid environments. This species is native to Mexico, as indicated by distribution records. The specific epithet "difficilis" (Latin for "difficult") may allude to identification challenges or habitat characteristics. Darkling beetles in this genus are typically ground-dwelling and adapted to dry conditions.
Eusattus pons
Eusattus pons is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Triplehorn in 1968. The genus Eusattus comprises sand-dwelling darkling beetles found in arid and semi-arid regions of North America. As with other members of this genus, E. pons is likely associated with sandy habitats, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The species is recorded from Mexico.
Eusattus productus
Eusattus productus is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1858. The genus Eusattus comprises small to medium-sized tenebrionids associated with sandy or loose soil habitats. The species is known from Mexico, with records indicating occurrence in arid or semi-arid regions. Like other members of the genus, it is likely nocturnal and ground-dwelling, though specific behavioral observations remain limited.
Eusceptis flavifrimbriata
Eusceptis flavifrimbriata is a noctuid moth described by Todd in 1971. It belongs to the subfamily Acontiinae, a group of small to medium-sized moths often with distinctive wing patterns. The species is known from Mexico and has been documented in North America. Beyond these basic taxonomic and distributional facts, little detailed biological information has been published.
Eustala
humpbacked orb-weavers
Eustala is a genus of orb-weaver spiders in the family Araneidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. As of November 2024, the genus contains 87 species distributed primarily across the Americas, from the United States through Central America to South America, with highest diversity in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Several species have been documented exhibiting specialized ecological relationships, including myrmecophily (living among ants) in Central American species that inhabit ant-defended acacia plants. The genus includes the well-known humpbacked orb-weaver, Eustala anastera, found across North and Central America.
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htperchroostnestdenburrowtunneldigexcavateminequarryextractremoveeliminateeradicateexterminatedestroydemolishruinwreckdamageharminjurehurtwoundmaimcripplelamedisableincapacitateparalyzestunshockastonishamazeastoundstaggerstupefydazebewilderconfusepuzzleperplexbafflemystifyenigmaEustala californiensis
Eustala californiensis is a species of orb-weaver spider in the family Araneidae. It is known from the United States and Mexico. Like other members of the genus Eustala, it constructs spiral wheel-shaped webs for prey capture. The species was described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1885.
Eustala rosae
Eustala rosae is a species of orb-weaver spider in the family Araneidae, first described by Chamberlin and Ivie in 1935. It is known from the United States and Mexico. As a member of the genus Eustala, it constructs spiral wheel-shaped webs typical of the family. Information regarding its specific biology, habitat preferences, and ecological relationships remains limited in published literature.
Eustromula validum
Eustromula validum is a species of longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae) in the tribe Elaphidiini. It was described by LeConte in 1858. The species occurs in North and Middle America, with records from the United States and Mexico. As a member of Elaphidiini, it belongs to a group of cerambycids often associated with woody plants.
Eutettix planus
Eutettix planus is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Hepner in 1942. It belongs to the subfamily Deltocephalinae and tribe Platymetopiini. The species is known from arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Like other members of the genus Eutettix, it is likely associated with desert and grassland vegetation, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in the literature.