Plant-gall
Guides
Acericecis ocellaris
ocellate gall midge, maple eyespot gall, maple leaf spot gall
Acericecis ocellaris is a gall midge that induces distinctive blister-like eyespot galls on maple leaves. The galls feature concentric rings of yellow and red pigments surrounding a central chamber where the larva feeds. This species is the type species of the genus Acericecis and was first described by Carl Robert Osten-Sacken in 1862. It completes a single generation per year, with adults emerging in spring to mate and oviposit on young maple foliage.
Apagodiplosis
Apagodiplosis is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) established by Gagné in 1973. The genus contains a single described species, A. papyriferae. Gall midges in this family are small, delicate flies known for inducing plant galls during larval development.
Arnoldiola atra
Arnoldiola atra is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 1999. As a member of this family, it is likely associated with the formation of plant galls, though specific host relationships and gall morphology remain undocumented in available sources. The genus Arnoldiola contains multiple species, most of which are poorly studied. This species has been recorded in citizen science observations, suggesting it is encountered with some regularity in the field.
Bruggmanniella
Bruggmanniella is a genus of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) comprising approximately ten species that induce galls on various host plants. The genus is characterized by distinctive morphological features including three-segmented palpi, simple tarsal claws, and male gonostyli with teeth completely divided mesally. Species induce galls on stems, twigs, flower buds, ovaries, and fruits of diverse plant families including Lauraceae, Malpighiaceae, Annonaceae, Fabaceae, Celastraceae, Dilleniaceae, and Sapotaceae. Phylogenetic analysis confirms Bruggmanniella as a monophyletic Neotropical lineage, with Asian species reassigned to the genus Odontokeros.
Bruggmanniella bumeliae
Bumelia gall midge
Bruggmanniella bumeliae is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as the Bumelia gall midge. The species induces galls on plants in the genus Sideroxylon (formerly Bumelia), which includes species commonly called gum bully or false buckthorn. It was first described by Felt in 1907. The species has been documented across multiple observations, with iNaturalist recording approximately 470 observations, suggesting it is relatively well-documented among gall midges.
Caryomyia
Hickory Gall Midges
Caryomyia is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as the hickory gall midges. The genus contains at least 30 described species, most of which induce galls on hickory trees (Carya species). These small flies are specialized herbivores whose larvae develop within plant tissue, causing distinctive gall formations.
Caryomyia aggregata
Hickory Aggregate Gall Midge
Caryomyia aggregata is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2008. The species induces distinctive aggregate galls on hickory trees (Carya species). As a member of the genus Caryomyia, it belongs to a group of insects specialized in manipulating plant tissue to form protective structures for their developing larvae. The common name "Hickory Aggregate Gall Midge" reflects both its host association and gall morphology.
Caryomyia conoidea
Caryomyia conoidea is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2008. The genus Caryomyia comprises gall midges that induce galls on hickory trees (Carya spp.). As a member of this genus, C. conoidea is presumed to be associated with hickory hosts, though specific details about its biology remain limited in published literature. The species is documented in the iNaturalist database with 140 observations, indicating it is encountered with some frequency by naturalists.
Caryomyia cucurbitata
Hickory Pumpkin Gall Midge
Caryomyia cucurbitata is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2008. The species is known to induce distinctive galls on hickory trees. As a member of the genus Caryomyia, it belongs to a group specialized on Carya species. The common name 'Hickory Pumpkin Gall Midge' refers to the characteristic gall morphology.
Caryomyia glauciglobus
Hickory Blue-powder Gall Midge
Caryomyia glauciglobus is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2008. It is known for inducing distinctive blue-powder galls on hickory trees (Carya species). The species is part of the genus Caryomyia, which comprises gall midges specialized on Carya hosts.
Caryomyia hirtiglobus
Hickory Woody Globe Gall Midge
Caryomyia hirtiglobus is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2008. The species induces woody, spherical galls on hickory trees (Carya spp.). It is one of several Caryomyia species associated with hickory, with its specific epithet 'hirtiglobus' referring to the hairy, globe-shaped galls it produces. The species has been documented in eastern North America where its host hickories occur.
Caryomyia persicoides
Hickory Peach-haired Gall Midge
Caryomyia persicoides, commonly known as the hickory peach-haired gall midge, is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species induces galls on hickory trees (Carya species). It was first described by Osten Sacken in 1862. The common name refers to the distinctive peach-colored hairs found on the gall structure.
Caryomyia spiniglobus
Hickory Spiny Ball Gall Midge
Caryomyia spiniglobus is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2008. The common name "Hickory Spiny Ball Gall Midge" indicates its association with hickory trees and the distinctive gall structure it induces. As a member of the genus Caryomyia, this species belongs to a group specialized in forming galls on Carya (hickory and pecan) species. The species is relatively recently described with limited published ecological data.
Caryomyia viscidolium
Hickory Sticky Ginger Jar Gall Midge
Caryomyia viscidolium is a gall midge species described by Gagné in 2008, known for inducing distinctive galls on hickory trees (Carya spp.). The common name "Hickory Sticky Ginger Jar Gall Midge" refers to the characteristic gall morphology—small, urn or ginger jar-shaped structures with a sticky surface. As a member of the Cecidomyiidae family, this species exemplifies the highly specialized plant-insect relationships typical of gall midges. The species has been documented through 341 iNaturalist observations, indicating moderate but growing awareness among naturalists.
Celticecis aciculata
Hackberry Aciculate Gall Midge
Celticecis aciculata is a gall midge species described by Gagné in 2013. It belongs to the family Cecidomyiidae, a group of small flies known for inducing plant galls. The common name "Hackberry Aciculate Gall Midge" indicates an association with hackberry (Celtis species) and suggests the formation of needle-like or acicular galls. The genus Celticecis comprises species that specifically target hackberry trees.
Celticecis acuminata
Hackberry Narrow-tipped Gall Midge
Celticecis acuminata is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2013. It belongs to the genus Celticecis, which comprises gall midges associated with hackberry trees (Celtis spp.). The species is known to induce distinct galls on its host plants. As a member of the gall midge subfamily Cecidomyiinae, it exhibits the typical life cycle of cecidomyiids, with larvae developing within plant tissue.
Celticecis capsularis
Hackberry Rosette Gall Midge
Celticecis capsularis, commonly known as the hackberry rosette gall midge, is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. It is known for inducing distinctive rosette-shaped galls on hackberry trees (Celtis species). The species was described by William H. Patton in 1897. As a gall midge, it represents one of numerous cecidomyiid species specialized in manipulating plant tissue to form protective structures for larval development.
Celticecis cornuata
Hackberry Horn Gall Midge
Celticecis cornuata is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces distinctive horn-shaped galls on hackberry trees (Celtis species). The species is named for the horn-like projections formed on host leaves. It is one of several Celticecis species specialized on Celtis hosts in North America. Adults are small, delicate flies typical of gall midges. The species has been documented across much of the eastern and central United States.
Celticecis spiniformis
Hackberry Thorn Gall Midge
Celticecis spiniformis, commonly known as the hackberry thorn gall midge, is a gall-inducing fly in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species induces distinctive thorn-like galls on hackberry trees (Celtis species). It was first described by Patton in 1897 and is widely distributed across eastern North America where its host trees occur.
Celticecis subulata
Hackberry Awl-shaped Gall Midge
Celticecis subulata is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Gagné in 2013. It induces distinctive awl-shaped galls on hackberry trees (Celtis species). The species is part of a genus specialized on Celtis host plants, with gall morphology serving as a key diagnostic feature for species differentiation.
Cembrotia coloradensis
Cembrotia coloradensis is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, order Diptera. It is one of approximately 6,000 described species of gall midges worldwide. The species was described by Ephraim Porter Felt in 1912. Like other members of its family, it is likely associated with plant gall formation, though specific host plants and biology remain poorly documented.
Contarinia undescribed-species-on-acacia
An undescribed species of gall midge in the genus Contarinia that induces galls on Acacia species. As a member of Cecidomyiidae, it is a small, delicate fly whose larvae develop within plant tissue, causing characteristic gall formations. The species has not been formally described in scientific literature, and its biology remains poorly documented.
Contarinia verrucicola
Linden Wart Gall Midge
Contarinia verrucicola, commonly known as the linden wart gall midge, is a gall-forming midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species induces distinctive wart-like galls on linden trees (Tilia spp.). It was described by Osten Sacken in 1875. The species has been documented with over 1,700 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is relatively common and well-recorded where its host plants occur.
Dasineura pudibunda
Hornbeam leaf gall midge
Dasineura pudibunda is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, known commonly as the hornbeam leaf gall midge. As with other members of its genus, this species induces gall formation on host plants. The specific host plant associations and gall morphology for this species remain poorly documented in available sources.
Diglyphosematini
Diglyphosematini is a tribe of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) within the subfamily Cecidomyiinae. The tribe is characterized by specific morphological features of the antennae and genitalia, distinguishing it from related tribes in the same subfamily. Members are associated with plant galls, though specific host relationships remain poorly documented for many taxa. The tribe was established based on phylogenetic and morphological studies of the family Cecidomyiidae.
Disholcaspis prehensa
clasping twig gall wasp
Disholcaspis prehensa is a gall-inducing cynipid wasp native to California that induces distinctive galls on scrub oak and leather oak. The species exhibits heterogony, alternating between sexual and asexual generations that produce two morphologically different gall types. The asexual generation forms conspicuous mushroom-shaped twig galls with clasping bases, while the sexual generation produces small, hidden bud galls.
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rubra
Haplusia rubra is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, a diverse group of small flies commonly known as gall midges or gall gnats. The species was described by Felt in 1908. Like other members of its family, it is likely associated with plant galls, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented. The genus Haplusia is part of the large and taxonomically complex Cecidomyiidae, which contains thousands of species worldwide, many of which are poorly known.
Isocolpodia
Isocolpodia is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Parnell in 1971. The genus contains approximately six described species, including both gall-forming and forest-dwelling species. Species have been described from North America and the Palearctic region. The genus is classified in the subfamily Porricondylinae and tribe Porricondylini.
Iteomyia
Iteomyia is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) first described by Kieffer in 1913. The genus comprises five described species, including Iteomyia salicisverruca, a well-known gall-former on willows. These small flies are associated with Salix (willow) host plants, inducing characteristic galls on leaves or stems. The genus is distributed across northern Europe and North America.
Janetiella
Janetiella is a genus of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) established by Kieffer in 1898. The genus contains at least 33 described species. These insects are small flies whose larvae induce the formation of plant galls—abnormal growths on plant tissue that provide shelter and food for the developing larvae.
Janetiella ulmii
Janetiella ulmii is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Beutenmüller in 1907. The species is associated with elm trees (Ulmus), as indicated by its specific epithet. Gall midges in this genus are known for inducing plant galls, though specific details about the gall morphology and biology of J. ulmii remain poorly documented in available literature.
Kaltenbachiella ulmifusa
Slippery Elm Gall Aphid
Kaltenbachiella ulmifusa, commonly known as the Slippery Elm Gall Aphid, is a gall-forming aphid species in the family Aphididae. It induces distinctive galls on elm trees (Ulmus spp.), particularly on slippery elm (Ulmus rubra). The species is native to North America and has been documented primarily in the eastern and central United States. Like other members of the subfamily Eriosomatinae, it exhibits a complex life cycle involving host alternation.
Lopesiini
Lopesiini is a tribe of gall midges within the family Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), established by Gagné in 1994. Members are known primarily from the Neotropical region, where they induce galls on various host plants. The tribe includes species with specialized relationships with specific plant taxa, including endemic hosts in the Brazilian Cerrado.
Neolasioptera lycopi
Neolasioptera lycopi is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Felt in 1907. The specific epithet "lycopi" indicates an association with plants in the genus Lycopus (water horehound). As with other members of its genus, this species likely induces gall formation on its host plant, though specific gall morphology remains undocumented in available sources. The species has been recorded in the northeastern United States.
Neolasioptera nodulosa
nodular stem gall midge
Neolasioptera nodulosa is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as the nodular stem gall midge. The species induces characteristic nodular galls on host plant stems. It was first described by Beutenmüller in 1907. As a member of the gall midge family, it is part of a diverse group of flies whose larvae develop within plant tissue, causing distinctive growth deformities.
Neolasioptera species-on-lithospermum
Neolasioptera species-on-lithospermum is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species is named for its association with Lithospermum plants, indicating a specific host relationship. As with other members of the genus Neolasioptera, this species likely induces gall formation on its host plant, though detailed biological studies remain limited. The species epithet reflects its documented occurrence on Lithospermum rather than a formal Latin species name.
Oligotrophini
Oligotrophini is a large tribe of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) containing over 300 described species across approximately 40 genera. Members are small flies known for inducing galls on diverse host plants. The tribe includes economically significant pests such as the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) and numerous species associated with woody plants.
Parallelodiplosis subtruncata
Dogwood Eyespot Gall Midge
Parallelodiplosis subtruncata is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species is known for inducing distinctive eyespot galls on dogwood foliage. It was first described by Ephraim Porter Felt in 1907. The common name reflects both its host association and the characteristic gall morphology.
Phylloxera georgiana
Phylloxera georgiana is a gall-forming insect in the family Phylloxeridae, closely related to aphids. Like other phylloxerans, this species induces abnormal plant growths (galls) on its host plant through chemical secretions that manipulate plant development. The species was described by Pergande in 1904. Very few specific details about its biology, host associations, or distribution have been documented in the available literature.
Pilodiplosis
Pilodiplosis is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Gagné in 1973. The genus contains at least one described species, P. helianthibulla. As gall midges, members of this genus likely induce gall formation on host plants, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Pilodiplosis helianthibulla
Sawtooth Sunflower Midge
Pilodiplosis helianthibulla is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces distinctive galls on sunflowers (Helianthus spp.). The species was described by Walsh in 1866 and is widely distributed across North America where its host plants occur. Larvae develop within stem or leaf galls, with adults emerging to mate and oviposit on new host tissue. The common name "Sawtooth Sunflower Midge" reflects its association with Helianthus grosseserratus and related species.
Resseliella clavula
Dogwood Club Gall Midge, Dogwood Clubgall Midge
Resseliella clavula is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces distinctive club-shaped galls on flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). The species is known to alter host plant reproduction and architecture, causing infested trees to produce more flowers but fewer fruits. Galled branches exhibit increased branching and shortened internodes compared to ungalled branches.
Ribesia
Ribesia is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) established by Gagné in 2016. The genus name derives from its host association with Ribes (currants and gooseberries). As a member of the Cecidomyiidae, species in this genus are likely to induce galls on their host plants, though specific gall morphology and species-level biology require direct observation.
Schizomyia macrofila
Fiddleneck Midge Gall
Schizomyia macrofila is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, known for inducing galls on fiddleneck plants (Amsinckia spp.). The species was described by Felt in 1907. As a member of the genus Schizomyia, it belongs to a group of gall midges specialized in forming distinct plant growths. The common name "Fiddleneck Midge Gall" reflects its association with this host plant group.
Schizomyia umbellicola
Elderberry Gall Midge
Schizomyia umbellicola is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces galls on elderberry (Sambucus species). The species was first described by Osten Sacken in 1878. As a member of the genus Schizomyia, it shares the characteristic biology of forming distinctive plant galls during larval development. The common name 'Elderberry Gall Midge' reflects its specific association with elderberry hosts.
Schizomyia verbesinae
Schizomyia verbesinae is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces galls on Verbesina species (sunflower family, Asteraceae). As a member of the genus Schizomyia, it is part of a diverse group of gall-forming midges specialized on asteraceous host plants. The species is documented through gall observations and adult collections, primarily in North America where its host plants occur.
Vitisiella
Grape Midge Galls
Vitisiella is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Fedotova & Kovalev in 2003. Species in this genus are associated with grape plants (Vitis spp.), inducing characteristic galls on their hosts. The genus is known from North America, with records from the northeastern United States. The common name 'Grape Midge Galls' reflects their ecological association with cultivated and wild grapes.