Willow-gall
Guides
Disholcaspis prehensa
clasping twig gall wasp
Disholcaspis prehensa is a gall-inducing cynipid wasp native to California that induces distinctive galls on scrub oak and leather oak. The species exhibits heterogony, alternating between sexual and asexual generations that produce two morphologically different gall types. The asexual generation forms conspicuous mushroom-shaped twig galls with clasping bases, while the sexual generation produces small, hidden bud galls.
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Iteomyia is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) first described by Kieffer in 1913. The genus comprises five described species, including Iteomyia salicisverruca, a well-known gall-former on willows. These small flies are associated with Salix (willow) host plants, inducing characteristic galls on leaves or stems. The genus is distributed across northern Europe and North America.
Rabdophaga rigidae
willow beaked-gall midge
Rabdophaga rigidae is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces characteristic galls in willow terminal buds. The species is native to North America and was formerly thought to occur in eastern Asia, but Asian populations have been reclassified as the distinct species R. salicivora. Larval development occurs within galls, with adults emerging in spring.
Rabdophaga salicisbatatus
Potato Gall Midge, Tuber-gall Midge
Rabdophaga salicisbatatus is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces distinctive stem galls on willows (Salicaceae). The species is commonly known as the potato gall midge or tuber-gall midge, referencing the swollen, tuber-like galls it produces. It has been documented across much of North America with over 1,100 iNaturalist observations. The adult midge is small and inconspicuous, with the galls being the most visible sign of its presence.
Rabdophaga salicisbrassicoides
willow rosette gall midge, willow cabbage gall midge
Rabdophaga salicisbrassicoides is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces rosette or cabbage-like galls on willow species. Its larvae develop within these galls and overwinter inside them. The species has been observed in association with mutualistic interactions involving Formica neoclara ants and Chaitophorus aphids on its host plant Salix exigua.